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BY W. S. JONES.
TERMS.
THE WEEKLY
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v i Club be revived, Tne vkole tie must
” IE CH.tOrnCIJEJ * SENT/NBL
UAll.t A.M Tltl-WEKK.LV,
Are n'** t.ub‘ .*d at tnir office, and mailed to tub
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Mai macks, Dkaihs, and Kuiskral Nonces
kifif Cenlt each. Oeiti.ARIES, Ten Cent! pe
MO N I iOE
FEMALE IMVEHSITY.
10 530.
i *O If • t-f.ox thU present organization,
!• ,i ..a. j k inn tutlon ba enjoyed the incre*M
n f m intefl ■ teat poblk. Its
u%rr..r 4* re .t tbnt na. < wbf a opinion* on education
to ~ scud the highest re; jnict. Thh* Institution
iiv i; (. i;n !•:n \ l itk partm j.nts :
f. A COLLEGE DEPARTMENT, which embrace*
a f.• yin; C oui -e <<f tody, including a'l the branches
f*t . Mipii r. * :i t ‘ Yoan* Ladies thorough
* *l l il a ;JAD/.DKVIU DISPA RTM ENT, In which p\
,H II ! ‘[ ‘ >ii ,!f( ‘ DEPARTMENT, with tried teachers,
un .!•*.a tc ; c liHtructi.'h oa the Piano torlo, Otti
,*r H'.o Harmon.;.m, V in. Flute, Ac Advanced
tan.;M to cot ,;,f: :c Music, if desired. Prol.
KIHHLKU an admirable com! oner
IV AN OIiNAMi.STALUKPAUTMKNT, In which
, ‘!,• i'u,i‘ir;r • ii Oil and V/ator Colon. Ure
’ tutting ti ■ ... Pointing Pend ling, MoDOfikts*
Work,
Ku.br liib-ry, I F wer*, Ko*.. Fruit, Arc
V DoMrS IH’ DKt'ARTV'KNT, in which pupil*
. taught (lie ell luemary end Practicn Principle* ol Do- 1
in t ■ Altai I’d Two hear* on every Tuesday, Thurs
'i'Lo time tin - employed will uot in the ieart interfere
with the I.it rary Department.
1 ,i;* id the only Co-lege in Georgia giving Attention to
thu ii.ont fib •. at part of Female F.dncation,
‘J bn i; t ard of Instruction are thorough scholars and
- j.erie-.red teach-rK, three of whom grauuat and with
hooor ut Mercer in vers ty.
A BKNDVOLENT INSTITUTION
this i where the daughter* of Ministers the Gospel of
t i. i i:e u . ci. ,rm educated WITHOUT CMamGK
Fnlt IM I’lON moreover, worthy indigent orphan*
.. i I dnight’ -cos i • ulv Mini ter. will be boarded from
Jf) to f>o per cent I<*.sh than the usual rales.
■ Be< Ron). ■ Btmrai
;mt allow-fd Jewelry’is not w'ru. A pupil’* oreshlng
Id. a year, need not cost more than from $:0to &fA).
: OARD OF TUI mum*
Hcv. ADD L FH MR WOOD, if. I>, Oriflln, Pre*’t.
Uev sYIjVANIIS LANDItUM, Macon.
Kav. iILIJAII .! PAWNAL, LoulbVille.
il. v WM g. WILKK.S Forsyth
Uou lIINOfNNATUR I*EEPf .KS, Forsyth.
I!*ifi JOII.NT. UROWDKK. Monrj© county.
CoI.JAS N PINCKARD Forsyth.
EDKN TAYLOR, K-i , Ooleparchce.
Dll LAIN F. FONDER, Eaq . Forsyth.
JOSEPH J CARSON, Kuj , Ma on county.
IA Nil It. AN FORD, Em| , Forsvth, fcJocretnry.
i;,! jo r T. .S! EPfIEN S, Forsyth.
ULO. A. U A BANINS, I Iscj. Treasurer.
I At I LTV.
Hcv WM (V WILKES, A M., President.
Prof K T ANBURY, A. M.
Dr. GEO T WILBURN, A M.
*i. I WM FISHER, A M.
Mrs MARY A WILKES.
Mi KATB AMU RY.
Mr*. MARY A. I.AND
vi. JULIA A. STANFORD.
Mix* HOME A. OH A P PELL.
Mi h CARRIE K. LAND
I'm Lion from s\fi to #h) per year , Music, SSO; Hoard
SHI per month, ex. imiveof lights and washing
The Spring Term will begin on the 17th JANUARY.
For further-information, address any member of the
Faculty, or Trunin**
WILLIAM O. WILKES, Prea'L
RICHARDT. ANBURY, See’y.
Forsyth, Oa., Jau l*t, 18511. |aub
DOME'S OVE HOUSE,
NO ill 1 GKEENK STREET. AUGUSTA, (lA.
Established in 1Q52
Coma eli yon kind people f the old State,
And lihteu a monieut to vvhnt 1 relate ;
ll*v you in ard “t DODGES DVB HOUSE, the
Wher'ethe Lad"'Tali :iy be ran dye hair brown t
It n T the. plnre wlleiS they are always dye ing but
are not yet dead,
From the lighted pink to the cheiry r.d ,
And mao from the lightest hue,
To t ie dark, deep l'mii ss ttiue;
•fne Pip pie and the l.da. too.
I, pour In within bis hand to do:
And all the colors you won and well to find—
Tin* Orai tff, on niiv’i’ turnons by Jenny Linl;
tirtii’ 111. fin v tiin’ Cratjauii raufii, lu> v\ t I Uye them
Hiack a t ut,
A ii.i c in to them t lc.ui as hiuen, ami warrant tLi ui Met
WHITING INK ‘s m.snufa ttried at this Estahl sh
and Ink fur Balt** or Ba b s, sold at
Wliotfsalo and RrUU.
G K. DODQg, Prapr t taft
IIM; BBMHMW THE
rilit siASICS’ ltV\K.
1\ my stool of Goods, bought of the Executor of the
lateMi H l Chow there are a greet maajrmrtielaa
w hich are mu of the Imei t bnsiue.s which 1 carry on,
nod w hich t and >uni intend to ke< pin future. Amouglhe
LARD “u.t It ltd it). lIKIT WELL AND FORCE
PIMPS ci IKS Mills, STRAW CUTTERS,
MANURE FORKS, CAKPEN i MRS TOOLS,
C'IOS.SCI l', SAWS HRADS. f S.
It KICK ,-nd PLASTERING TROW
ELS, DRAWING KNIVES,
FILES, RASPS, li.
T. all pel ms w 1 hieg to buy any of tlie above fra
tl>,.lf, | w i.i cl them cheap or than ANV
it house in Augusta, and tor leas thau was
ior them to Ncw-York.
* I have cow- ill .-lore a very lino am! full stock O!
itoiio■keetuiw Hardware, Tin Ware , Cook, Parlor and
■I v siov, * ■ Uraioi audEydrant Puui|a, with Block
L, I 1 and Galvan-sc 1 Icon Pipes and a general as
nnuicot of ci .tv arth lc in U,e li’ in’ Funiii-hiug line,
and diail be r-siilarivm-iiviog additions to it
Mv triciii’s and ihe'pnt'iio are r-si cifully invited to
ivo c-c s i ’ I su, ■ v titemselTea that lam selling
• hem at vi Tntodeiato pr tils.
feb-Ji. dJAvvif E. J. IffTOKMASTER
DROPSY CURBS!
nt|lK nndei'rigned professes to cure Dropsy of every
. description lie lan be seen personally live tulles
outh . f l'con Point, or addressed by let or to Union
I . t Greene county, Ga. rbeuivdicine.au be sent
au v where by rai rend, with direct ona for giving it; orl
wi'l attend personally, it requested, ttld paid for U T
i w .11 t in lie, oes ailin ted w oh Dropsy, er
p.re them, a i the owner rosy pre er. Kent t me Ten
A . Hai auU l wilt send medicinP enough foroOP mouth.
MILES G. BROOME.
s to rerti'v that my lather had a ne*ro man at
i * ufa Droi Ny m 1853; he had been treated by
v, ~ rs •i ’ vsi* .. > without anv cure, when he app ‘etl
li- M. it. trvH'-iuo tor bis remedy, which cured biui. He
is still ltv.u K - aud ta good htalih.
H. Champion,
o roeuesbero’, Oa.. Jxn Slit,
Tkl’ U to certify that I h-id a neuro woman badly ai
n , n :Th l>nA t >sy t\>r a considerable time. She was
attended by several jb> sicuius; they tkiied to make .
cure. 1 beard ot O J Broome, and put her under h;
n eavnen?. a . : in U'bs lhan a year she was thoroughly
Aired <'t iHvpay. J AMI 5 DAYANT.
Penfield. Ga. tth6 Wtf
500 DOLLARS RE WARD!
1 ‘OU the apprehension of my Boy WASHINGTON,
P W U, rauawav about the 25th of March last. Said
Bv.j i* ab nit 43 years of age, and a mulatto ; w quite
rav headed, the smail Anger and the one next to it,
La* been cut'off—thought to be of the left hand; is a
Sbccnikkcr bv irud . and is very slow of qwt when
spoken tc It is thought that he has a tree I ass, and is
trv.nc tv make h * war to the free States. The above
ivwir.i will be given apprehension, with proo! to
convict any whue person of having funtfabi him with
free papers or a reasonable c mpeusatiou willbepv.dior
hi-* tie.;\ rv to the subscriber, or lodged in any jail so
lust l l t him ISAAC k KAMJ?EY.
Col urn ha County. Oa., April Ik*. 1559 Aplb
BANES!BANKS!LANDS LANDS!!
a I. \K4iK quantity of the best l anting and Farm
/V ing LA N DsS ,ii > outhern Georgia uni elsewhere, in
Tract* of £SO to -.000 acre* to suit j trehaaers. Also,
tea to fifteen leagues of select Texas Lrf uds. with clear
t.iie*. is now oflftr neat very low r;es at the the Georgia
.And Office, in Augusta.
BiUs of the Auguda. Savannah. Athens, and the
Charleston and Hamburg suspended Banks, will beta-
Lvn in : Avuteot at par va ue. Negress will be taken al
o. ac i the highest cash prices allowed.
Persons de> r mi of form:ug settlement*, or making
wil! find it to their interest to call at
ur Office, V arren Hange. Augusta. Ga.
JAMES M DAVISON,
Land Agent and Keai Estate Broker.
ectl?-dlwAwtf
11 V Fll y ItttllV Whc l'ks g.jc-d H.orves, guod Ckit.e
tor i-cci <-.p, fcUcnld take tLv AMERICAN
M’OCK JOURNAL. pttbl:,h*d monthly M> rnltoa
Strnei. New York, at b. ihc ywar. b;>ccici.n copies
pralis-reud and F et one. ’ tcbt wtl
(V ‘6 > *w"Sl’ ->• >.
FOR SALE,
fw w ACKKS l'.ue LAND, lying each 6.de of the
4 )vJ Georgia Railroad. wo Buie* atnjve Bereelia :
150 acre* ot which are in cultivation, the remainder well
timbered. There is on the place a^ good Dweilmg and
ontbuildingik and a spiend.d ellf water I Lave i&o
sjatt’- Horses Mules, Hogs and Plantation Tool* waich
lwUl sell with llwipUt*. Add
jan2s wtf Benelia. Columbia coo y, Ga
BAHA, I.IRD. UI! ‘
w/N /Nrtrv LKS. SUOULDERv and SIDES:
i>O,UUU IS tierces Extra Sugar Cured HAMS;
” 2f, BbD. choice LAKD
50 half bbls. Kxua Family LARD, for sale low,
SO half SIBLE Y SONS
Pi4-daw3t Wo. c W*rr Bloti.
Ciiromck it*
o _
Ii LKO 1* MAN INTE D L I K>e E .
BY THE cm <JK BALTIMORE.
Tli* t*im.uip City of Baltiiaore >ci* h veryooi
sdvicM to its aoui ult, rrivJ at New York oa
Tuesday ia*t :
’ From tte tendon Times, June A
H er M*teuicßto-Tk* Buttle ©t >oll>rino.
The Kaiperor of the French b“s iiaii!“<l hi* new
v. -!.,ry. The tillage of KiJlertoo i* tbe ideijtiticd
wiih the tretfkrodon* bailie of the 24:h of June
Jbe action is not one. of unmitigated triumph* to
the conqueror*, nor ot m f *r defeat to the vanqu *h
cd. It r*ree . bL*rather than Au-terli z
It a* uruftl wh**r Austrian troop*flight and Aus
trian Genera;* ( <Hiiiunnd, just an mcitoAtion of the
balance in favor ot 1h enemy. Il i* aa example
of ntubboro discipline contending at once against an
enterprt tnfr and intebigent enemy, and against the
evils ot a divided commaud Whila the Z wivw
were being borne bark by the Austrian* in posi
tion at Buffnlora, and Napoleon birr sell was en
g -ged in an unequal cntest, lour Au*tnan Gener
al were quarreling as to the manner in wh cb sup
port:* ehould be seotnp, and quarrelled till me
victory waa tom from them. Let u* apply the
leeeon aa the sac ts inarch forward before our ejee,
chat-gtng a'* they go the rank and preceJence ol
The recent battle b *a been proper.y named. The
Acte?nans write of it a fbe battle of Mincio, but
this is incorrect. The coiflict took place on tle
narrow dislnct which is bounded by the course of
Lie Chieee on the West and by that ot the Miucio
on the East. All the places ineiiti died in the teie
gra’.ifH will be found about midway between these
two rivets. Grra- as was ti.n force a*3-:nbld, and
enormoae was the amount ol ground covered,
thi battle did not reach down to the neighborhood
of Mantua, nor ellend fy.uthward beyond half the
dintar ‘ * between tha fortre*# ana Fseeliiern. The
tide of the battle did not ro'i parallel With the
coarse of either river, la this campaign, which in
thsght in & network of wa f ers. great riv*:r. do not
appear to play fks.r u“ual iu-portant part; they are
passed and repaseed, they are bridged and forded,
they are fortified and abandoned, but they are
never seriously defended
The Ticino and the Seeia eubmirted to the pas
sage of the invader, and even t‘:e Po >* as cif*.-eed
at.d recrOf*B*:d several ti.nes with impunity. Wuen
in Heir turn the Frecch and Snrduiiaiup wished to
par* the T icino, t h* Me He pant at BuflUora was
:l?covered to be uutenabie, end the invaders of
Lombardy marched over almost os uoresisned as
the invaders of Piedmont. Alter the battle of Ma
genla the Lambro was not an obstacle, the Adda
waa wicked only to lind broken bridges and dla
inaiiUed lortreeetr, but no enemy such a*once be
fore hod defended that bridge rs Lodi. The Serio
and the Mella were passed I y both hosts, and the
Chieaa, which had been so often and so fiercely d©
fended, war’ swarmed over by the Zouavco as
though it had been a river of France.
This is a novelty in tactic*. Perhaps it has been
discovered tlia 1 ti * old masters of the art of war
were wrong, and that the passage of great rivers s
not an operation during which au enemy may be
taken at advantage. Perhaps this :s the new prin
ciple ot those “strategicconsiderations” which Lave
been developed with such marvellous results ii this
campaign. However Ibis may be, it certainly is
not the battle o the Miucio **r the battle of the
ChitH J which Wes fought uu Friday l*sf, and the
Emperor of the breach has full to name tun
victory afltr the centre of the Austrian position,
aud, it it shall so plenve hiui, to create h;s new
Marshal Duke of Solferino.
It is singular that wo are indebted to the van
quish! (1 lor all our reliable mloruiatiou a* to the cii •
ciinißtances of thii g*<*at ba‘tle. Not only i* the
Austrinu bulletin the moil c.ai.uid u knowledgmeut
ot ft defeat ever given to the word, hut.it is also
the most satisfactory his'oiy of a buiile ever put
into the Butne number ot word;), iiy the light of
these 17 lines of print a:.u a tolerable map, one can
almost see the situation of the coinbatanta and the
great features of ib engagement. The ground
upon which this battle was lought dill era much
from the spongy plain t rough which the AuuViaiiS
had been -o long retreating, ar.d the Frencu had
been a;> long The eoutiiern end of ihe
Lftgo di Garda consists of hills and broken uplands,
which have always been considered oa favorable
to defeneive opera Loon.
When the AusUiuu Emperor changed his tactics
bo suddenly that the command to rccross the Min
ch appeared rath*>r the result of a caprice thau a
deliberate iudguient, it was into these uplands that
he led Ins army. The v of Pozzohn go, which
he descnbeßus having been occupied by hie light
wing, is about six miles to the South-west of Pea
chier i. Nolferin* , which played eo important a
part in the battle, is a little village about six miles
to the south weal ofPozssolengo, and is situate at
the tootot the upland.', and just at the point where
tln-y deaoeud into the pLin. Away to the left
anroßs the plain, another t x miles distant, is that
< is:*l GoQredo which we are toid wan occupied by
the Austrian left wing. Here we have the line of
battle. The three places are nearly equidistant,
and form a ©ira'ght froni, iu a south-westerly d.lec
tion from the Garda Lake.
Moreover, the lir e is a- nearly {as possible of the
length which the French Emperor ineutioned in his
message to the Empress. Its light extends over
the highlands from Pozzolengo to Solierino. Its
leir pa-: ’is along the plain from Solferino to Castel
Gofliedo. Solierino is the centre and the key of
th-4 position. Behind three points ln-s a
second line of posts marked in the despatch, and
important in the events oi the day. Gu dezzoloand
Cavriana are the villages that afibrd this Second
line of stations ; and Volt a, also mentioned in the
telegram, is a town about tour miles in the rear of
that second hue of pouts, and wiihiu very short
distance ol the Western back of the Mincio. We
have thus the Austrian order of bat<!e and distribu
tion of force perfectly indicated. Wtiai the French
positions ins y have been we can only corjecture.
They probably formed a line which would have
Gasttglthiifi for us centre.
As the Austrians say that their left wing advanc
ed beyond Gastei Golfredo, and nearly reached the
bank of the Chiese, it i.- probable that the Allied
lorce was principally concentrated in the higher dis
trict, which approaches ti:e shores ot the Gar a a Lake.
The Austrian iiubteemn to have advanced in a cres
cent form, push):.g forward its wings trow Pozzo
leng ud i'astel Goli'tedo with great energy and
borne success, and attempting to lores forwaru their
centre along t!e slop sol the uplands towards Cas
tiglione. Here, however, they were met and de
tested. Solferino, ‘ heroic i‘ly detended,’ was at
last carried by the French troops. The Austrians
had extended their line too far even tor their iui
inense force. Having thus lost the key to their
whole position, the Austrian centre must have been
forced back to the village of Cavriana, four n lies
in the rear. They must again have been dislodged
• y the pursuing French and Sardinians, aud again
must have retreated upou V’olta, six miles still fur
ther in the r ar.
Volts is, we believe, an of en town, and the Aus
triau centre which now occupied it, wad ten miles
in rear of the position it had held in the moruiuj;.
Tne French were billowing up ti.eir success, aud
were preparing tor an attack upon Volta with their
main body. It this should succeed, the Austrian
aririy must be cut in two and enlireiy routed. The
Austrian Emperor therefore called in his wings, now
so greatly in advance of his centre, ami drew oil’
his entire army ; not, however, retreating very far,
hut. as it would appear, retiring only to the bank
of the Mimic, which, alter Volta had become his
ceutra’ p.isitiou, was close in his rear. Next day he
crossed the river, and we have now the significant
announce nent that Gen. llcss takes the comuiaud,
and that important business requires the presence
of tile Emperor of Austria iu Vienna.
The most wonderful part of this battle—and in
ured the most wonderful characteristic of the whole
campaign—is, that the Austrians when beaten
were allowed to evacuate the field of battle w ohout
pursuit. Whether this is moderation or policy or
necessity on the part of the French Emperor we
cannot yet tell. Nor can we tell whether he looks
upon this Austrian army as a sportsman looks upon
the game in his preserves, and manages with them
a des'gii ot getting as many battues out of them as
possible, or whether it has always been a chance—
happily decided in Ins tavor—whether ho should
drive back those obstinate Austrians, or fail him
self in the effort. Napoleon Iff. keeps his own
counsel 100 closely to let Europe know this inte
resting truth.
It appears certain, however, that when the Aus
triacs were content lo retreat, the contemplated
attai k upon Volta was suspended, and the advance
of tee French ceased. Was it the bridge of gold
to the (lying enemy, or was it the accord of peace
to the beaten amt yet abiding foe 1 We cannot
quite comprehend the restraint of the French upon
tuts and other occasions, except upon the supposi
tiou that they bad g. od reason for avoiding auy
further conflict at that particular moment. But
wLatever may be the determining cause of these
tactics, it certainly is not the want of any personal
enterprise on the p’art of the French Emperor which
Lae allow ed the Austrian army to r, mam unbroken
alter this defeat. He has shown himself to be as
personalty brave, as auy one ot bis own Grenadiers,
ami we must not cavil at the steps of progress
which are so leisurely, nut spparsntly so suteiy
mounted We should rather lock hrwardwitn
interest for tokens ot that moderation in victory,
which, atter ail, must test the ultimate presperity of
even this most prosperous of men.
Ci‘rrfi),Jndciu-, of the ljulon Times.
Pakis, June ifi—The Patrie of last night was iu
err. r when it auncunced that the French army had
crossed tue Mincio in pursuit of the Austrians This
may soon be the case, but it was not so when the
Patrie announced it.
Nothing is said ot the loss in killed and wounded
on either side; but when we consider that, accord
irg to the Emperor's first ao'eount. the whole Aus
triau army was on the field, that the battle tasted 16
hours—irem 4 in the morning tills in the evening,
aud that the two Emperors w. re present, we may
be certain tnat i’ was very great. Something is said
of 10, (LSI or 13,000 kilted and wounded on the side
oi the French, and still more on that of the Austri
ans, but l believe this is only conjecture.
The fact seems to be that the Austrians bad strong
ly fortified at! the passes of the Mincio against the
French, aud the guns that were taken were taken
from tLtse positions. Had the French crossed it is
not improbable that they would cave had to fight a
piict.eu battie. and we cave not details enough to
judge whether the object ot the Austrians was not
to compel them to accept it on their side ot the Miu
etc. KemforcemeDts have left from tt e army in Ly
ons for Italy, and the vacancy has been filled up by
troops irom here. It is expected that another bat
tle will have,to be fought before the siege operations
come on. Our information as yet is meagre, but
the results of tee battie, so tar as we know them, do
not seem to be in proportion to its duration.
In the Cork Constitution of Juae 36, w e find the
following additional rein tace* *o the battle of Sol
ferino : . , , „ .
A Paris letter gives a few detai.s Os the first great
battie in Italy. Gen. Xicl. with 35,000 men and
two divisions of cavalry, ;n all about 50,000, were
engaged till 4 P. M , veer he succeeded in forcing
he Austrian centre atter about 13 hou.s’ fighting.
The Ausiriacs had brought up t; eir reserves of
• iissi and the allies theirs o: 50,000. It was a
meet critical moment. Three hours more, and the
general fighting ended to the advantage of the
L ies The Zouaves are said to be much cut up,
and the Ist Chaaeeumof Algeria terribly treated.
Four geueraa were wounded and one knled. hour
teen thousand beds Lave been commanded a: M.,an
for the wounded. . .
Toe reason why the Auat iars crossed the Mmc.o
to fitffct is attributed to the °*
ot Prussia, who ?aid that if they gained che batue,
the intervention of Prussia would not be ceeued.
if the allied /oilowed the Austrians aoroee the water
that would alter the question. Ibo h rebch fr° veri1 ’
mentdoee net appear alarmed at the military move
ments ct Prussia. T-e - garrison* on the o^*j re
lrootier have not been reinforced. Marshal Pelis
sier La* made arrangement* uitb the railway* to
convey 30,1*u0 troop* from Sirasbur£ within tweive
hour*, eo that lUO.UM) men may be assembled on
ihe Rune within 36 hours.
Paris, June ‘39.— Tae Moniteur contains detail*
c f battle ot SoLferino, tut wuich are report* of
the different attacks ot the corps tTorme. The
Moniteur doee not elite the number of killed and
wounded on either side. ‘ The Austrians on the
tirt retreat acroea the Mir.cio deeired to inspire us
with adventurous conficence. Thu* we should de
ploy our imee to a great extent, and enable them to
attack our columns thus distant lrom each other.
But the fchnperor without departing from that
exalted prudence which regulates courage, the
further the aruiy advanced the more the columns
strengthened themselves by concentration. Solferi
no is one of those battles which, if they ao not end
& war. at least allow the solution to be foreseen.—
The Rmperor of Austria commanded in person,
aud had ttu* been able to see of what a nation he
i had made himselt the enemy/’
Tv kin, 2£th.—The Piedmonte j e Gazette publish
j es official details of the battle of SoUerico, written
the same evening. According to positive infer uu
tion. twenty live thousand Sardinians held ground
against fifty thousand Austrians, who occupied a
:• rmidabie position, from which they were dislodged
| by the Sardinians, under the orcersof the K;ng
The lots of the Narc uiai.s is sad to be about 1000
killed, and the fame number wounded.
Nakdinmn Account of the Battle cp Sol
kekino.—Turin, June ’S. —The cfficial bulletin
published to-day contain* details o? the eperations
cf • ur troop# in the last battles fought.
The beet troop* and the moet skilful generals of
Auar.a had been sent, aguir-'t the Piedmontese.—
The principal comba u wh ch the Piedmontese
were engaged wa* fought at Sail Mir lino, where
they performed prodigies ot valor and took formi
dable positions, which were defended by euperior
lorosfl . but a ieorful tempest prevented the scldiers
from remaining in those positions.
The French, with valor aud noble impetuosity,
won ihe heights of Soiferino, and forced the enemy
to withdraw towards Goito. Our troop* also arov
the enemy from 6an Maraoo, leaving tive pieces t f
cacucn in c ur bunds, and the Austrians having with
drawn t< the bridges, recrossed the Mincio.
The vietcrioud reeuit compeneated for our serious
low.
The War Fee lino in Germ ant. —The principal
members oi the two chambers of Nassau have i*-
suod a sort o f appeal to ’be German nation, declar
ing that though they ar disposed to combat for
Germany, they w:!l not do so for the maintenance
of the treaties of 18io.
The Cabinet or Baxcny has ieplird to Prince
GortscbakotTa recent despatch, and a case is quoted
against him which occurred during the Rufceiau war.
At that period the Germanic Confederation resolved
that any attack on the Austrian troops ia the Dan
ubian provinces should be ouMdered oa en aggres
•ion agaiu-t the Confederation, though that armed
force was not on!y out of the federal, but even out
of the Austrian territory. Yet, if that attitude had
been con Da ry to treaties, ltussia would certainly
have complained. “
Dfutnilonn of ilie W;ir.
The London New* haa the following pithy para
graph ;
The Emperor of Austria ia suddenly called to
Vienna, not on “urgent private affairs,” but ou
public buemesi) <*f importance. Reputations are
uiade and unmade faei in tins lralian cainpign. T he
proclamation ot Francis Joseph, announcing that
be took supreme command ol ihw army, and would
continue t:.*’ struggle ut the head ol his gsllaut
troops, uA3 only i.-rtitd at Verona Ihe {Saturday be
fore the great battle, and already that Prince
abandons the scat ot war. Gyulai, the author of
tire'e threnD-uiiig and lotmidaole manifestoes in
tended to affright the u iai med population of Milan,
i* at one of the Bcdene, ioed’.tat:ug on the capri
ciousneaa of fortune in hurling him from a position
to wbicty be ought never to have been raved
Meanwhile the Emperor of the French, whose car
pel strategy Was the jest of the saloons of Vienna a
month ago, i displaying a genius for war which
*. ould **iir up Europe to remove the causes which
keep open a field for it exercise.
Great Britain.
Speech of Lord Jciin Russell —ln acknowl
edging Li* re election by the constituency of Guild
hall, Lord John Russell made the Lllowicg expofti
tiim ut the views of the Ministry:
Gentlemen : I have to return you my most grate
ful ihankH for the bon: r you l ave done ma in
returning me for the ninth time a* your represents
tiv iii I’atliaineut. You ar all aware of Ihe
ooooeion of Lheclec'iou. Lord Derby thought it
ii>bt to advise her Msjeety to consult Lire elector*
of this country upou the question whether or not
they Lad coniioerjce in hi* admniislration. Tnat
challenge was taken up, and it wee decided by the
JloUJe of Cotr moos that the late administration hdd
not the on ii dance of Parliament. According to
conslititnihuial usage, Lord Derby resigned his
t ilice into the hands of the Queen. Her Majesty
sent for Lord Palmerston, who wea charged with
the duly of forming an administration. (Hear,
hear.)
Now, gentlemen, you may perhaps remember
that I btaleu to the electors, previous to the last
eh c!ion, tiiaL if the late administration should be
ovenbrowu, 1 aid not think that any administra
tion would be satisfactory to the country that did
not contain a representation of the various sections
of the great liberal pnrty which now for twenty or
thirty years have carried the great measures
which have signalized that period (hear hear.) Gen
tlemen, Lord Palmerston has endeavored failbiully
to t'uliil that task. (Cheers.)
There may bo individual dissatisfaction—that it
was impossible to avoid; but my belief la that,
having endeavored to perform tha f task faithfully,
he has presented an administration to the country
which will have the support of tho people, aud
consequently the coniidenc of ihe House of Com
mons. Gentlemen, there are two question* which it
will become the duty of the present administration
to consider. The tint ;s the present state of foreign
affairs,; and bong charg and with that department,
while *1 feel the difficulty and reapor eibility of the
charge, I feel it likewise incumbent upon me not to
go at auy length into that manner. (Uear ) I told
you on a former occasion what I conceived w-a*
the deep-seated cause of the present war. It was
not the ambition of one man, of two men, or of
three men, but it was the grevious miagovermuent
ot Italy which has lasted now forty years, and
which the Il&liun people have at various times
endeavored to throw off. (Hear, hear )
Well, gentlemen, I should have been happy had
that which I thought perfectly possible, been aceom
plitbfcd—had the powers ot Italy, with France and
Austria, b?eu able to make an amicable turange
meot. That, however, was not the case. They are
now engaged—these three powers, Austria, France,
ami iSardiuia —in a bloody and destructive war. —
What we may hope for ia, that the moderation ot
the successful parly, and the wisdom ot the de
leated party, may lead, at no distant interval, to an
honorable and satisfactory peace. (Cheers ) Our
duty, gentlemen, is to continue iu that path of
neutrality which tin; whole country has determined
to adopt. (Cheers) But, gentlemen, if there should
not be that moderation, if there should not be that
wisdom of which i have spoken, it ia impossible to
say how- far this war may extend, or what nation*
‘may take part in it. Therefore it belioveH this
country, fur her own security, for the defence of
her own honor and interest, not to neglect her navy
or army, but to be prepared for any contingency
that may arise. ((Jheein )
I will repeat that which I said iu the House of
Common*, that 1 shall at all times be ready to pay
my tribute to the late First Lord of the Board of
Admiralty, and to the bo rd which served under
him, lor the brge increase which they made iu the
navy, and their energetic exertions to put it into an
effective state*. (Cheers.) Well, gentlemen, such
being the state of our foreign affaiis, that which is
incumbent upou us in the first, place is vigilance.—
We must watch every movement that takes place,
aud consider what bearing it may have upon
the future. In the next, place, whenever the time
shall arrive—and I hope it will soon arrive—when
the belligeren'a may bo deponed to terminate this
destructive coolest, it will then be the business of
this country to give suet, counsels as may lead to a
termination of the war honorable to all parties, aud
1 must add, a torminat on which will afford better
hopes for the independence aud liberty of Italy
than it has hitherto been able to entertain. (Cheers.)
Such, gentlemen, is the only explanation I can
give with regard to our foreign policy. With regard
to our domestic pi hey, we shall have to consider,
though notjn the present session, the great ques
tiou of the amendment of the representation or the
people iu Parliament. I have always told you that
in my opinion the extension ot the franchise, and
the admitbion ot greater numbers of the people to
the enjoyment of the franchise, will strengthen the
institutions of the country, by placing them on a
broader aud safer foundation. (Cheers ) How lar
that extension should go, in what degree represen
tation should bdtransteired from small places to
large communities, must be a subject of auxious de
liberation with the Cabinet. I believe they will con
tidert:iat question fairly, and I trust the measure
they will produce will be satisfactory to the coun
try. (Hear.)
Gentlemen, I cannot at the present time enter into
any further devedopmeut ot thH policy of the gov
ernment. In a vrry few days that government will
stand before the House of Commons; and I trust
that their nitrite wi.l be sufficient sustain them in
the eytsofthe peoj: le of this country. (Gear )
As hug as they deserve confidence, I hope they
will receive support. I ask nothing more lor the
g veurment of which I am a member. (Hear, bear )
l have ouly again to return thanks to you for the
confidence you have placed iu me—a confidence
w hich 1 tru?t I shall not forfeit on this, as I have
done on any previous occasion. (Loud cheers.)
The trial iu the Court of (Queen's Bench, on an
indictment lor the sale of aimy commissions, has
terraiuated in a verdict of guilty agamst the defen
dants. Sentence deferred. Lord Chief Justice
Cock burn, in summing up, said that there was not
the slightest imputation against the authorities at
iue Horse Guaraa.
The new board of Admiralty is thus constituted :
The Dak* of Somerset Fret Lord, with vice Admi
ral Sir Kichaid Saunders Dundas, Rear Admiral
Pelham, Capt. Charles Eden, Capt. Chaa. Frederick,
and Samuel Whitbread, Fsq.
The elevation of Sir B. Hail and Mr Vernon
Smith to the peerage, by the titles already an
nounced, is gaaetted.
LORD rAI.MERBTO.N 8 NEUTRALITY.
The following ia a reply to a memorial from Lla
nelly :
Sir— l am directed by Lord Palmerston to ac
kuowlecge t| e receipt ot the memorials from the
annual assembly of the independents of the counties
ui Car-.igan, Pembroke aud Carmarthen, urging
ti e necessity of non-intervention on the part of the
country in the war between France, Sardinia and
Austria, and to inform you that her Majesty’s Gov
ernment have no intention of advising her Msjesty
to take part in the present war, and that they do
not foresee the probability of any events that would
lead them to depart from the policy of neutrality.
C. G. Barrington.
The Maelstrom Verified.— Of late year* even
the existence of the Maelstrom on the coast of Nor
way ha* been doubted. The ancieDt aocounts of
its terrible power were doubtless fabulous, but M.
llagerup, Minister of the Norwegian Marine, has
recently given a reliable account ot it, in reply to
some questions from a correspondent ot the Boston
Recorder The vast whirl is caused by the settling
iu ana out of the tides between Lotoden aod Mos
ken. and is most violent half way between ebb and
flood tide. At flood and ebb tide it disappears for
about half an hour, tut begins again with the mo
ving of the water*. Large vessels may pass over it
safely in serene weather, but in a storm it is peril
ous to the largest craft Small boats are not safe
near it at the time of ita strongest action in any
weather. The whirie in the Maelstrom do not, a*
was once supposed, draw vessels under the water,
but by their violence they fill them with water, or
dash them upon the neighboring shoals. Mr. Ha
gerup says:
“ In winter, it not unfrequently happens that, at
sea, a bank of clouds shows a west etorm, with
heavy sea, to be prevailing there, while farther in,
on the ce&st, the clear air shows that on the inside
of West tjord v east of Lcfoden) the wind blows from
tne land, and seta out through the tjord from the
east. In such cases, especially, an approach to the
Mae'strc-m ia in the highest degree dangerous, for
the stream and under current from opposite direc
tions work there together, to make the whole pas
sage one siDgie boiling cauldron. At *uch times
appear tLe mighty whirls which have given it the
name of Maelstrom, ttbat i*, the whirlmg or grind
ing stream) and in which no craft whatever can hold
its course. For a steamer it is then quite inadvisa
ble to attempt the passage of the Maelstrom during
a winter storm, and for & sailing vessel it may also
be bad enough in time of summer, should there fall
a calm or light wind, whereby the power of the
stream becomes greater than that of the wind, leav
ing the vessel no longer under command.’’
A TorcHisG Incident. —One of the most touch
ing episodes of Gan oaidi a campaign has just come
to my knowledge. On the day in which the bril
liant action of San Fermo was fought, the company
so gallantly led by Capt. de Cristoforis was ordered
to assault the Austrian position of Camer.ata. Tue
darmg band soon rushed up the sloping grouud,
and, when at the top. a tremendous hana to hand
fight began. A little to the left De Cristoforie’e
c->m pan y, a gallant Cocci a tart deLe A lpi, Antonio
Vigevano. was fighting with an Austrian soldier.—
Gwibaldi’s man bad already overpowered him,
when suddenly he heard his adversary exclaiming.
“Antonio, do no* kill me ; lam your brother
Audio he was. The poor fellow had been forced
into tne Austrian eervice in 1805, and had not seen
his family since that period. As the tight was
going on he had happily recognized his brother.—
Letter from Malegnano,
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, JULY ‘JO, 1851).
The Historic Square—Descripitans of ike
Fort reuses.
The great battle of the SMth was fought in the
“historic square,’’ us which so much has bean writ
ten. and the reader will be much interested, a* well
as instructed, relative to future operations, by the
following description* of the locality :
From the Koiner Zettung.
THE GERMAN VIEW.
The country between the Ticino and the Mincio
is not adapted to defensive operations Iu all
modern s niggles for the possession of Italy, the
decisive blow was never struck upon the plain* of
Lombardy. The lines of the Adda, from its scarce
in the Ligodi L*cca, the easternmost bay of Lake
Como, to its confluence with the Po above Cre
mona. and of the Uglio, wt ich rises in Lago d’fseo
&oo flow* into the Pa south cf Mantua, are too ex
tensive and accenrible for a position of defence
Better adapted for defensive purposes i* the lower
Adda, with Loda aud Pizzighetlone, in connection
with Piacenza on the Po ; but even this position
would not be safe against an energetic attack.
The Miucio, rising iu the Lago di Garda, near
Peschiera, flows with nomerous windings in a
southern direction, until it reaches the upper lake at
Mantua, and after leaving the lower lake run*
southeasterly, until it connect* with the. Po. It i* a
moderate stream, but is nevertheless fordable at a
few points only in ve y dry seaFCU3. It is, how
ever, dotted with numerous isianda, facilitating the
construction of bridges, wh ; ch connect it* shores at
Peschiera, Borghero, (opposite Valeggio.) Goit aud
Rivaito, while at Maciua a bridge crosse9 the
lakes. Man ua and Peschiera, however, are for
tressea, and R:va!ta lies almost beneath the guns us
Mantua; hence the extent oi the river outside of
the range of the foi tresses H, in a direct lice, only
about tour German mile#. Below Mantua, it*
course to the Po is only one and n half German
mile*, which dictauce is commanded by the south
ern fort of Mantua, Pietoii.
It thus appears that the strategic impor auce of
the Mincio consists in it* being tho shortest line
across between the Alps and the Po, measuring
from its source to it* mouth only six and a ‘ alf
German miles ; whilst, in fact, as a defensive line,
it measures only four to live German miles - Ou the
left bank elevation* occur at distance* of one or
two leagues, affording the army in possession of
that side facilities for observing every movement
of the enemy and taking advantage of any faLe
steps. .Then, too,the army defending the left bank
possesses facilities fur a safe retreat, while the at
tar king army, in case of defeat, must retire to the
open country whence it came. The line ia consid
ered almost impregnable, and cannot be turned,
being guarded ou the north by the Alps, and on the
soul a by the swamps aud ino:as*os of the Po.
Peecuiaia iaa bq:<vl town of hardly two thousand
inhabitants, situa'ed on an i.-land at the head of the
Mincio, near L ike Garda. In tormer timss ils de
fences eous!s ; ed of only a bastion wall aud a ditch.
Under the Frecch lulethe heights of MandelJa,
upou the left bat k, were covered with fortifications,
and the Austr an* have sieeb secured the anproached
to the right bank by the construction of Fort Salvi,
aud have erected extem-ive defences cuteuio the
town,comprising eight lunettes, with bomb-proof
redoubts. Tnese constitute a safe fortress, capable
of harboring t force sufficient to prevent any of the
enemy’s troops from crossing at ti is point. The
Hearn fleet of Lake Garda finds a safe harbor at
Poechiera, and can convey troqpa to either shore
without hudrance. Moreover, since 1849 a number
of flood gates have been constructed, by means of
which a flood can be effected in the river, exlendi g
to the lakes at Mantua, and of sufficient force to
sweep away al; pontoon or other temporary bridges
which it may meet iu is course. The railroad from
Breccia to Verona crosses the Minioio at this point.
The southern strongh-U, Mantua or Man’ova,
has long been famous both as a city aud .ortiess.
The city has a population of thirty two thousand,
aud is 1 kewi .e built upon an itlanu ; w hich is, how- |
over, about 175 Prussian acres iu extent, aud lie3
contiguous to another still larger island, Il Te. which
is also f-rtitied, and capable of affording shelter to
a large body of troops ; VVurmser, iu 1796, station
eii twenty nine thousand men here. The lake com
pletely surrounds these stroughol s,t thenorthand
east consisting of deep water, and to the south and
west of an immense marsh, the consequence of
an umucoeesful attempt m .tie in the last century
to drain the place. The marsh, of course, is an uu
-Burmuu liable obstacle to an attacking army. The
distance frojp the island to the shores averuges some
”490 German feet Five causeways constitute the
only approaches—three from the right aud two from
the left bank One of these, built of stone and run
ning eastward to the suburb of Bcrgo di Sxn Gior
gio, is k J7OO feel iu leugth, and U protected by the
fort San Giorgio ; another, running northward to
Gorge di Gcrtezza, is 1350 feet in length, and is
covered L*y the large Gitadetlc di Porto ; those in the
wtst and south are commanded by ihe baitaries
of Pradella and the atr jug fort Pietoii, while at the
southern eslieinity of II Te, the breast wot k Miglio
retto i* likewise within guushot, aud is provided
with immense tbed-gates lor inundating the sur
rounding country. It* position in the midst c f all
these defences, natural a* well a* artificial, is sup
posed to render .Mantua impregnable, and eo long
as it i* occupied by the AuHtriaus it will fetter the
movements of the allies. This stronghold caused
Bonaparte, whose course was seldom obstructed by
fortresses, to engage iu more than a dozen battle*
aud skirmishes, which despite hie successes, were
merely literal victorieo, as, with Mantua io his rear
and ou his flank, he was ever compelled to allow
the Austrians time to collect anew force with which
again to offer Urn battle upou the same field. After
a close seige of eight months tue city capitulated iu
February, 1797, and not until then wa Bonaparte
enabled to cross the Julian Alp* aud force the
Austrians to terms. A single decided defeat at that
time would inevitably have compelled him, a* it
did Charles Albert at a fatter period, to return into
Piedmont But the War Department at Vienna
after each battle generously sent him a fresh corps,
instead ot furnishing at oitce an overwhelming
force. Such was the experience of the greatest
military chief before Mantua; and yet neither
Mautua nor Peschiera,* nor even Verona, was at
that time a shadow ot what it is at present.
THE ENGLISH VIEW.
A Vienna correspondent of tho London Times,
thus writes :
The Mincio, which flows from the Lago di Garda
to Mantua, is at times a river of considerable size
aud depth, but iu summer it is often so shallow that
it can be waded through without difficulty. There
are bridges across the Mincio at Peschiera, Bor
ghetto, Goito, ltivali, and Mantua, the dial auce
between the first named place, which lie* on t.e
Garda Lake and Mantua being about sixteen
English miles. The distance between Mantua aud
the spot at which the Mincio fall* into the Po, may
be about seven miles. Thus the line which the
Austrian* have to defend is but little more than
tweuty miles iu leugth, and at each end is a fortress,
which it is exceedingly difficult to turn, as Ihe one
(Peschiera) i* on the Garda Lake, and the other
(Mantua) lies in the midst of i>ogs and marshes,
which extend to the Po. Peschiera, a small town
on an island, i* defended by extensive outwork*
and eight “lunettes” with bomb proof quarter* for
the troop*. These “lunettes” form a kii,d of forti
fied camp. In addition to the fortiticatiouß already
mentioned, there are two forts, one of which com
mand* the right and the other the left bank of the
river. The garrison of Peschiera has also the power
oi inundating the country for some miles round by
closing sluices which are between the lake and the
river.
Mantua, which also lies on the island, has a forti
tied camp fur 30,0011 men. The approached to Man
tua are across live dame or dykes, three of which
are iu ooutiectiou with toe two with the
left bank of the lake formed by the Minoio. The
principal approached on the left bank are in the
direction of the suburb* of San Glorjjio and Porto,
tbe former beuiq protected by Fort San Giorgio,
aud the latter by the preat citadel of Porto. The
dykes on the riqht batik are protected by the “bon
work'’ Pradella, by Fort Pretoli, and by the re
doubt Miggioretto. The garrison ot Mantua has
also the means of effectually inundating the sur
rounding country. It Napoleon is resolved to have
Mantua, he must be prepared to sacrifice 80,000 or
100,000 men, for his renowned uncle did not get
possession of it until after be had bts’eped it eight
months and fought eight or ten battleß. The French
artillery is infiuiteiy more powerful now than it was
in 1997, but so are tbe fortresses against which it ia
to be employed. A few years ago, Peeehiera was a
mere fort, and Verona a second-rate fortress, but
both of them have recently been greatly strength
ened.
THE FRENCH VIEW.
Thres of Ihe Paris journals give long descriptions
of the well knows square of fortresses belonging to
Austria beyond tlie Minoio, and inquire in what
manner the Franco Piedmontese troops wiil endea
vor to cross that river and attack the Austrian
troops on the other side. Tbe Universe expresses
iteelt as follows, ou the point:
‘•What is the French army about, to do ? Will
it attempt to cross the Mincio in Ue presence of
150,000 Austrians? Or will it make an attack on
Ptschiera, iu order to open an entrance into the
weli-known quadrangle I The important point at
the present time is to form au estimate of the
strength of this large entrenched camp, the last
asylum of Austrian power. Accurate information,
draws from authentic sources, proves that the
square he* its weak points. Peschiera, one of its
bases, and which will probably be the first to ba
reached by the French troops, must speedily fall.—
As soon as that place is iu the hands of the allies,
their army will possess one of tbe keys oi the square
and command the course of the Minci >. It may
thenadvancetowardsVeronaandMaat.ua. It is,
therefore, probable that if the Austriau army doee
not a second time tempt tbe fortuue of arms in ad
vance of tbe Mincio, a decisive battle wih bs fought
in the very centre of the square.
Without knowing the plane of the commander in
chief, and without being even a ekil'ful strategist,
we may suppose that the Austriat* will be attacked
on several points at once. A naval expedition,
possessing immense means of destruction, is on its
way to Venice; one hundred and twenty flat bot
tomed boats, sheathed with iron and armed with
rifled cannon, are. it is said, to ascend the Adige
and the Po. If Venice falls, as it is very probable
it will, tbe fleet may land a corps d'armee to march
on the Adige and take the Austrians in the rear,
while the grand army attacks them in front. There
are also in Tuscany French troops, which will, at an
appointed day, appear on a given point. Let us,
therefore, wait for events. The present mancßUvre
of tbe Austrians is the same as was adopted by Ka
detzky in 1848. but with this difference, that Gen.
Schltck will now have a French army in front of
him.”
Interesting Memento of the Past—Tie Pio
neer Captain. —We were shown the other day an
interesting relic, in the shape of a fine old gold
watch, with the history of which are connected some
interesting incidents.
Tbe history of the time records the fact that Capt
Wi liam Rogers made the first tiip across the At
lantic by steam. He aafled fiom Savannah, we do
not recollect tbe year, for Liverpool, and in due
time reached that port in safety. His appearance
in that harbor in a ship that moved along without
sails, caused a good deal of surprise and some
alarm. It is said some armed barges were sent to
meet him, aud to demand what manner of man he
was, or rather what of his veesel, bis answer to
which was made by thundering puffs of steam
through the safety valve, which so frights ed thoee
on the barges as to cause them to keep at a respect
ful distance.
After his arrival, however, and when tbe success
of a steam voyage was realized, there were great
rejoicings; and, as a manifestation of the estimation
in which the successful experiment was held, a
purse was made up, and an elegant gold watch
purchased and presented to Captain Rogers.
Some years afterwards. Captain Rogers naviga
ted the drat steamboat up the Pee Dee to this place.
He, not long afterwards, died here on the river, and
his effects were sold in this p ace, and, among other
things, the watch. It was bought by James Colt,
Esq., one cf the most jrominent merchants of this
place. Some years after this, Mr. Colt died in this
place, leaving a widow and one son—an infant
She returnee North with her son and the watch, but
eventually settled near Baton Rouge, La, where
she again married. The watch was kept for her
son until he reached manhood, soon after which be
was drowned in the Mississippi Tbe watch is now
worn by the second husband, who showed it to us,
and gave us the above brief history of its eventful
existence.
Captain Rogers, some few yea's ago. had a eon
living, and if this should chance to meet his eye. he
will leant where he may find this interesting
testimonial to his father's enterprise and persever
ance.—Cheraic Gazelle.
The Oldest Orator —The venerable David
Smith, D. D., who delivered a speech at the dinner
of the Massachusetts Soceity of the Cincinnati, was
probably tbe oldest person in the ocuntry who de
livered an address on the 4th inaL Ue was a lad of
nine years when the Declaration of Independence
was signed.
The Steam Self-PropHlinj; Fire Englec.
The pe’: for ant rice of the Dew *elf-prope!ling steam
fire engine in Philadelphia, h been noticed. A
letter in the New York Tribune give** an interest
ing description offfa trip from Nhw York, where it
was built, to Philadelphia. It had riue person*
aboard, end the totai weight, including the wsfur
io the t&’ k. fuel and engine itself, was 12,090
pound*. It was curried as tar as Bristol on the
railroad, because of some common road bridge*
deemed unsafe, and wa* there put off to work* its
own passage A carriage wa* lo accompany it.
The letter says :
Philadelphia, Ju’y 4—Tho novelty and the
snccess of the recent trips of Lee & Larned’s Steam
Fire Engine over the public highway to this city
by it* own locomotive facilities seem to justify a
more detailed account cf the expedition than that
which the telegraph transmitted to the Tribuoe.
Tho engine wa* finished oily on Tuesday last,
and late the same night wa* run on a trial trip from
the N->velty Works to BumhenfiS on the Bl >oin
iogdale road and back. On Wednesday its power
in throwing water was tested, taking suction from
< ff the dock at the Novelty Works ; Thursday was
devoted to polishing up the machine and putting t
in its best holiday dress; and on Friday it wa*
sent by railroad to Trenton, where it bad a suc
cessful trial and exhibition. Os course, from so
new an engine i:s full capacity cannot at once be
obtained ; ye’ the impression produced by its per
formance t Trenton, both in its hydraulic and its
locomotive functions, was one ot uumixed aston
ishment aud admiration.
It bad been the intention to run the engine the
whole distacce from Trenton to Philadelphia, 30
miles, by the common road, but au examination ot
the canal bridges a fsw mile* out from Trenton
showed that they were unsafe, ar.d it became ne
cessary to send it by railroad ten miles to Bristol,
leaving twenty miles to be ruu by it* own steam.
At the request of Mayor Mills, and through the
kindness ot Mr. Fish, the railroad mperintenuent. a
special traiu wa* provided, and the Mayor himself
accompanied u* to Bristol. Our party consisted of
Messrs. Lte Lamed, the builder*—Mr. Lee bei • g
iu sole command ; Mr. Gary, whose rotary pump i*
one of the. features p/ ffie engin^Prof. ’Phelps* of
the State Normal School of New Jersey—who kept
the record of time, distance aud stoppages ; four
gentlemen from Philadelphia, representing tne
Smthwark Hose Company, and au engineer, fire
mail, and other assistant*, t> the number of six
Nine persons rode outho engiue nearly ail the way,
the remainder accompanying io a two horse car
nage,-and taking “turns abtut” between the horse
and the steam conveyance. The to al weight, in
cluding the engine, fuel, water in bo-Dr mid tank*,
and the nine pa*emretP, was about PJ,I)UU p .uuds,
us wbioh abcut 9,01i0 wa* due to the engine itselt.
We heard at Bristol an ominous report ot the con
dition of the draw in the t ridg over Neshanmig
Greek, three mile* ahead, but it wa< too ialo to be
scared by auy more bugbeai* in that ahape. The
locomotive wa* sent back, the carriage went ou
nearly a mile ahead, but still keeping in sight, and
then at exactly 2*.!!6 p. ui., steam was leion* and
the engine started.
It had been the intention that the carriage should
keep ahead, but it soon became manifest that this
wao out of the question. The horses were strong
and willing, but they could held no contest with the
tireless horse giant that had takeu the road with
them. Iu a very few ininu es it overhauled them,
checked up, aud finally % stopped for a lirtle while
to let them get another stait; but it was of no use.
Almost immediately it was close on them agaiu,
overtook and passed them, and reached the gate
near Nsshamic.g Bridge a got cl half mile in advance
iu eighteen minute* from the time of starting, hav
ing mndu the first three mile* in sixteen minutes
running time. Here, while the watertank* were
replenished and the journal* examined and oiled,
the carriage drove up and crossed the bridge, and
al! joined in a survey efita condition. It i* a
covered bridge in two parts, about two hundred
and fifty feet in length, with a drfcw in the middle
of about forty feet The main bridge was all right,
but the draw wa* old and fthaky, aLd the load* that
ordinarily cross it furnished no teetof its sufficien
cy tor our purposes. However, it was short; aud
eveu if it should be disposed (o give way, by
“cracking on the steam” the engiue could have time
to crows it before it would have time to sass far.
But that was cot the only difiituhy. Outlie other
aide ro*e a long hill, of high grade throughout, with
a sharp pi'ch one-third of the way up, much steeper
than any ascent the engine had yet encountered on
the Bloomtugdale road or elsewhere. The road
had a good hard bed, covered, moreover, here aud
there, with 1 ose gravel that pioa iaed but a poor
footing for the whirling tread of the iron steed.
But there wa* uo flinching ; the ascent must be
made ; the steam must go up te 180 pounds, if
need be, the suspicious bridge be crossed at full
speed, and tho gradual slope beyond to the sharp
pitch, and then the momentum, the lever down iu
“ 4 full gear forward,” with the throttle valve wide
open aud all steam on, must do the re t. Every
man that could be spared left the engiue, we took
iur positions all along up tho hill, the men from the
saw mill below left their work and gathered by the
roadside, and all awaited “ the charge.” It wa* a
moment of intense excitement, but the time keeper,
watch in hand, did not fail to note the exact in
stant ot the start. The word i* given ; the engine
move* deliberately for a few yards, then as Fteam is
let on takes the bridge, as with a leap, and fairly
jump*, a* the long timbers vibrate in rtsponoe to
the heavy impulses of the drivers ; iu another in
stant. it has abut across the q aking draw, and i*
seen erne ging from the dark archway, every man
at his poet, with his energies strung to the utmost
tonsion, while the man of iron and tire ou the deck
bending over them with bared head, and begrimed
face, aud black, streaming beard and ban, aud
flashing eyes, that take in at once the machinery,
the men and the confronting track, shouts to the
engineer, who shrinks from tho very furthest thrust,
“ Down, down with your lever,” aud down it is,
und the engine, now with full steam on, impelling
the pistons iu 8: rokes of furious energy, aud with
a speed ol fuff 18 miles per hour, clear* the slope,
and, with a facility that surprises every beholder,
mounts the steep and presses on to tho level sum
mit, when it is brought to a stand, more thin KOU
feet from the starting point, making the distance in
exactly oue minute.
Such was our “passage of Ihe Neshaming ” a
scene which no one who witnessed it will ever for
get. The pov/er developed in the engine at it* h'gb
est speed was not less than sixty hots©—much more
thau we needed, ad it appeared in the result; but
this could not be known in advance of the actual
trial, and it wa* necessary the trial should succeed
the very fir t time.
The experiment settled the question as to v hat
the self-propeller could do in ascending grades. Se
veral others occurred, near or quite aa formidable,
especially the accent of the Rod Lion bill, two or
three miles further on, but all were surmounted
without faltering, and with much loss expenditure
of power, experience having shown how much it
was necessary to put in requisition. At Oolmes
bury a heavy grade, continuing for half a mile, wa*
takon from a “standing start,” without any run to
acquire momentum, and w f aa surmounted iu exactly
three minute*. The running time for the whole trip
was but a minute or two over two hourp, giving
ten mile* per hour a* the average time. The last
three or four miles through the street* of the city
were neceisirily ruu at a much lower rate. It win
fully proved that with a fair grade twelve milts
per hour was a natural and rate ol movement,
and that ten miles could be made eveu up severe
grade*. More time was consumed iu stopping and
waiting than In running. Delay* occurred, some
vex&Lu us. and other* not a little amusing. We
had, of course, to improvise our stations, and
though the fuel first taken is sufficient for a iuii of
twelve miles and upward, the water tanka were of
less capacity, and had to be frequently repleuitffied
by the paillull from wayside pump* and well*. The
trip ended with our arrival at the Southwark Com
pany’s house, at exactly 8 o’clock, makiug the
whole time five hour* and thirty-iour minutes. L.
An Artrcm ut the Gold Mines.
The Richmond Enquirer publishes an interesting
letter trom an actress in California, who, we dare,
say, is the talented Miss A vonia Jones, who is now
travelling iu that State with her mother. Writing
from Nevada, Jttue Is', she thus happily sketches
some amusiug theatrical adventurers and tuuny
subterranean experiences in practical mining :
We played first two nights at Tiinbuctoo, open
ing anew theatre, and I wish you could have seen
it. It is maSe of thin boards covered with cloth, and
you can Bee through the wall when the suit strikes.
It l.as a marvellously brilliant curtain, and all the
scenery (eight plates and correspondent wings) ere
alike gorgeous with red and yellow paint. A) tbu
owners ku.Hw nothing about theatres, they had no
socomaiodations for the arrangement of scenes. You
would have laughed lo see how I managed the
sceues tor “Romeo and Julet.” Mother leaves that
department to me. They did not know what a
dele was, and had never Heard of a screw-bye. —
After a considerable explanation, we managed to
improvise a balcony, by putting two Bet houses
(very brilliant) down on their sides and a platform
behind. I explained how it could be made firm.
Then, for the tomb, I put a briok house iu the
centre, and made tho wood flats come down to it
on each side. Heto was another excitement, about
bow it should stand up, which I obviatsd. Tbeu I
bought numerous yards of black muslin, and cov
ered the brick house. The play went, off to the
satisfaction of ae large an audience a could be
gotten into the theatre, and, as they express it, we
made a “fine show.” Though very rough, tho
auairuce is the best I have met in the State; very
attentive, but, at the right time, very enthusiastic,
‘‘bybil created an immense impression ; people
carno from ten miles around to see it. We could
have played two more nights, but being advertised
s’. Nevada, we had to go on. We came on here,
and so far have played two nights, done a splendid
business, and to night bids fair to bo equally good.
Yesterday we saw an entirely new phase ot life.
So far we had ouly seen the surface diggings, but
now we have seen the m ning, far below the earth.
Before we went down, one of the proprietor!., Mr.
Seymour, dressed ns up. Our party consisted of
three ladies and two gentlemen, and you never saw
such a hard looking crowd. We wore our oldest
dresses, and no hoops; men’s India rubber coats
and boots, and our beade done up “nigger fashion ”
cotton cloth. Then we wen t into a large shed where
they have a steam engine, and you see the com
mencement of a railroad track, which suddenly
disappears into an intensely dark hole. On this
track was a low, almost flat ribbed planking on six
wheels. On this thing we sat down, the gentlemen
holding the ladies. The word was given, end away
we sped into this dark hole, down an inclined plane,
at an angle of forty-five degrees, for 650 feet. I
expected to be frightened, but was not in tbe least;
in fact I liked it, the Bensatiun was so novel. When
we got on the track, we found ourselves in an alley
way, beamed and boarded on all sides. These
alleys extend in all directions, and so low, you have
to stoop all the time in walking. Mother could not
stxnd the strain on her back, so we left her seated
on a pile of dirt, talking to a miner. We were all
provided with candles, and such a trip as we passed
through!
First, we went along the railroad track, in deep
mud, and then along alley ways, where the decom
posed granite is very Boft, bnt dry. Sometimes we
had to craws through a hole on our hands and
knees, then, again, elide through feet foremost. It
was hard work, bat funny, and I never laughed eo
much in my fife. At last we got through into quite
an open place, which Mr Seymour bad fixed for us
that morning; it was a most ridiculous tight to see
us so thoroughly exhausted, seated on a pile of
dirt, with candies in our hands. Mr. Seymour dug
ue a pan of dirt apiece, which yielded sixteen dol
lar each when they were washed out We are
going to h ve ornaments made for onr watches.—
After we bad rested we started off again. It was
the same thing over wherever we went. After a
time, we got back to mother, the truck came doWD
and we came np. In going up you feel as if you
were ab •ut to slide off. Aftei we came up we went
into the wash house to eee them clean up. They
have large troughs, through which the water rushes,
carrying dirt and stones with it. The water is impreg
nated with quickßiiver, which makes gold sink to the
bottom, and it catches at under ribbed wood laid
at intervals. When they cleanup, these pieces of
wood are raised, and the water carries away all the
dirt and stones, leaving only the gold Tne entire
mining country is interested with these flumes,
sometimes on tressels, ywhicb look like immense
suspension bridges, then running along the ground
or disappearing in the sides of the hills.
They have another mine here, where you go
down in a bucket; but a man was kitted there last
week, and I don't want to go. I rather like this
itinerating business. But for the frightfully dusty
roads, we have nothing to complain of. However,
if we continue to make money, we can bear it. ’
The Queen and the Pope.— The Rome corres
pondent of the Weekly Register. (Catholic organ,)
writes that Her Majesty the Queen Victoria has
forwarded an autograph letter to the Pope, thank
ing his Hotineee for bis present of a beautiful mosaic
table. It is added that tbe Pope was much grati
fied with the friendly sentiments expressed by Her
Majesty.
From the Few York Journal of Commerce.
The New Killed Cunituu.
We have been favored with an early copy of the
certified report to the War Department of the
Board of Army officers, Consisting of Brevet Major
W. A Thornton, Captain Ordnance Department;
Captain K. B. Marcy, sih infant.y ; Brevet Major
8. Jv Auderscn, Captain “and Artillery—appointed
May IS'h, “to examine and report upon the merits
ot a r.fle cannon, invented by Hon. Charles T.
James,” of Rhode Island. The original design wa*
to make the prop* sand experimtu’B in the neighbor
hood of Fort Goiumbu*, Governor’s 1.-land ; but it
was ascertained teat no place could be lounu in the
vicinity ot the ci:y, affording sufficient rang© for
testing lb© calamities of the cannon, wi; bout danger
to the surrounding country. The experiments were
therefore made at Chuvuee, Massachusetts, where
the canuou wa* ca-t. Tne Board convened June
7ib, and , outmued their experiment* tor several
day* Tho ,un- ex&mtusd were a tix ponud bronze
cannon, * itb 080 inch calibre, aud rifled titteeu
grooves ; a twelve-pounder, 4 inch calibre and same
number of grooves. In both instance*, the twist iu
rifling wa* equivalent to one turn iu 69 feet at the
beginning, and ending in one in ‘JO.
The pr. jsetile desigued by Gen Jauaes lor these
guns, is a cast iroa cylinuer pointed by a solid
conoid head—the diameter being only ,o‘j of au
inch less tiun the bore of tb© guD, aud the length
twice the diameter of the calibre. The cylinder
retains its full diameter lor aquartei of au inch ot
its length at each end. Fur the intermediate
leugth its diameter is reduced half an inch, forming
u recess iu ita body which is filled by a compound
of canvas, sheet tin, end lead. The base of the
cylinder haa a central cavity or opening of 1 95
inches iu diameter, ai.d 1.5 iuebee deep. When
the charge is fired, the ga evolved by the burning
of the powder, in its efleri* to expel ihe projectile
und.to escape from ihe gun, is forced into the
oaviiy aga ust the compound filling, which is there
by pres led into the grooves ot the bo.e, and by its
turn hold iu them, the rotary motion is imparted to
the prcjnctile.
The Board having examined the guns and pro
jectile*, proceeded to Uet their efficiency, the results
of which were “very satistactoiy.” The report
says, “.cspeciing the gun*, thtir merit is due to the
rifling, which can be reaci y applied, at little cost,
to all bronze cannon or th* United states, and so
render them aa far superior, io the pretent smooth
bore guns, as in tmail arms, tL© most improved
r:ils surpasses the mu ket.”
i he depth of grooving is so shallow a* in no wise
mat© tally to impair the rtieuglh of the gun, while
it ia sufficient to compel tlm pnjsctilo to take the
rill© flight. The tiV ct of these contrivances was
exhibited iu au exuuoidinary manner, by the
increased range obtained while using ihe same
charge ot powuer and elevation, in projecting mass
es ot double th© weight of the usual spencal ball*.
The merits ot the projectile are repiesented to con
sist in their “am-waring fully the expectation de
sired ot them; —their ready fabrication and adap
tation lo?guns; their ease iu loading; the certainty
of the expansion ol the titling, und its firm Lulu in
the grooves ut the gum ; the g<eaued canvass wipes
the iril ug clean, and leaves the bore iu condition to
readily receive the next charge, and which is also a
turs protection to the bore from injury.” For these
reasons, the guns and projectiles are commended
to tho favorable consideiation of the Government;
and as the experimental firing was subject to seve
ral disadvantages which may hereatfer be avoided,
the Board recommended that guns of the service
calibre be gran'.e Ito James, for rifling, ac
cording to his principle.
We learn that another aerie# of experiments is iu
contemplation, in %l io i to couiuare, side by side,
the performances of this new gun with those now
in use. Os Course the remarkable precision and
power of the new r.tLd ordnance constitute its
chief value, tut the great saving of ammunition
tfleeted is a matter ot no small importance. The
results of the experiments above referred to am
expressed iu tabular form, at much length. As an
example, it ij shown that iu one icsfauc© 18 shots
were filed a moan dir lance ot 674 yards, at an ele
vatiou ot one degree—the powder weighing 1 { lba ,
the projeclilo 12$-lbs —ihe deviation being only four
inches to the right of centre, aud half an inch above
it. On reaching ground the mi*silt wa* buried five
feet iu compact sand. Iu another instance ... shot
was tired 2,050 yards, at uu elevation of tive de
grees. and passed about t*euty-tive feet above the
top of the hll towatd which it wa* directed. The
Board believe, from the testimony of several wit
nesses who were neur the rauge, that the projectile
“continued its flight many hundred yards beyond
the hill,” the summit of which was nearly ou the
same level uj that upou which the guu was placed
in battery. According to the statement of Mr.
Ames, the manufacturer ot the guu, who had care
fully examined the ground, “it is almost certain the
ball weut four miles.” After what is already known,
it is safe to say that any object within the reach of
an ordinary spy glass is a lair mark lor this terrible
weapou.
In one respect, the exploits of Gen. James’ gun
demand attention. According to the laws of pro
jectiles .laid down in the Ordnance Manual, and
which have long been established, as supposed
beyond power of refutation, the range of a 6 lb.
shot at 5° elevation and 12 lb. powder, is 1,52'J
yards ; butiu the example now afforded, a ball 12|
los., with the speeded quantity ot powder, has gone
between three and lour milts. As compared with
the celebrated Armstrong gun, the results are not,
less curious. Mr. A. claims to have thrown a ball
5$ miles with *ix pounds of powder, employing an
area or calibre ot 3j Indus, which is a result 55-
lOOtfcs less favorable than that obtained by the ex
periments at Chicopee. According to the latter,
any gun of a calibre equal to Armstrong’s will throw
a ball with It-s* than halftl.e powder, the full dis
tance attained in his practice.
The report of the Army Board has been adopted
by the Secretary of War, aud Gen. Jatnts has taken
moans to secure, on the part of foreign govern
ineuta, a recognition of the rights which he posses
ses, relative to his invention.
The lieiilrvurdM of Purls*
The best description we have seen of these pro
menades of world-wide celebrity, is given in a let
ter to the Baltimore American:
A Paris paper, iu alluding to the Boulevards a
fnw days since, spoke of them as the “pi ide aud
glory of Paris, and the envy ot all Europe. ’ There
are, undoubtedly, no other thoroughfares in Eu
rope that cau compare with them, but still in any
other ciiy they would be nothing more than broad
and eiegant streets. It is here, however, that the
peculiar characteristics of the Parisians are display
ed, adding to the magnificence of the Boulevards,
and magnifying the attractions to an extent that is
scarcely conceivable to those who have nut visited
Pari3.
The Boulevard du Nord is about three raileft in
length, ruuning and redly through the city, but. changes
its name every few square, like most.of the streets of
Europe, commencing with “des Madelines,” “des
Italians,” “des Capucinee,” tec , which embrace
the gayest and most fashionable pari-. The Boule
vard Strasbourg, Sevastopol, and Nidi, the lutter
about seven miles iu length, are also on the same
capacious scale. They are 200 teet in width, with
Bide walks about 35 feet from the houses to the
curb, ot smooth asphaltum, resembling light brown
stone. The street ways are about 130 teet from
curb to curb, of smooth aud compact gravel, kept
in such excellent, ordtr that during a ram storm the
water is swept off of them as fast it falls, to prevent
it trom soaking iu aud softening the earth. Rows
of large shade trees are planted along the curbs, and
not a handful of mud or dirt is over allowed to dis
figure them.
On a dear summer’s evening a stroll along the
Boulevard du Nord from Rue Rivoli to the Boule
vard Sevastopol, up one side aud down ihe other,
presents to the stranger a scene that can be wit
nessed nowhere out of Paris. The houses lining
Ibis great thoroughfare are generally five or six
stories in height, many of them of the moat ornate
architecture, and for a distance of two miles nearly
one-third of them are occupied as coffee rooms,
even to the third story, in some cases. These es
tablishment may be ranked ns one of the most
remarkable featuies of Paris. The fronts are thrown
open lo the street, aud are fitted up with indescri
baole costliness and splendor, their walls being
covered with plate giants multiplying to au indefi
nite extent the brilliant decorationo, chandeliers
and furniture. It is impocsiole to conceive any
thing more tastefully brilliant than the Parisian
cl flee houses, when brightly lighted up at night,
and as numerous as they are in all parts of the city,
it is with difficulty at times that a vacant seat cau
be obtained trom 5 o’clock iu the afternoon until
midnight. The small tables aud chairs are even
spread out on the p veinents iu front, for ten or
twelve feet, where both sexes sit and partake of
coffee, ices or wines, enjoying the 000 l of the eve
ning and witnessing lue animated scenes in the
crowded thoroughfare around them. These estab
lishments are no . visited by men alone, but many
are accompanied by their wives, daughters and
children, and respectable ladies even visit them
alone without attracting observation. It is one of
the privileges of the sex in Paris from which they
are to a great extant debarred in other countries.
# The stores interspersed among theoafes are also
equally brilliant and attractive, aud from each a
dazzling ray of light is thrown out in the thorough
fare. The pavements are at the same time lined
with crowds of well dres.:ed ladies and gentlemen,
whilst the gas lights Hashing from the trees, the
inceirsaiit rolling of carriages and sounds of music
from the concert saloons iu the upper stories, com
bine to present to the eye and ear of the stranger a
medley of sounds aud sights such as caunot but be
both pleasing and interesting. Along the curb
s ones are also arranged three rows of chairs, hired
at one or two sous each by persons in attendance,
where promen&aers stop to rest ana er joy the pic
turesque scene.
The other Boulevards a r e not so gay as du Nord,
but are lined with elegant stores, and Napoleon’s
new Boulevard Sevastopa l , in toe southern section
of the city, promises soon to rival in splendor the
older ones in the northern section. The Boulevard
de Strasbourg, is already equally as brilliant in
some parts, and has the greatest coffee and free
musio saloon in the city, built like a theatre, and
nearly as large as old Drury in Baltimore.
The Rue Rivoli, although not classed among the
Boulevardes, is a broad and elegant street, having
the Louvre gardens, the Tuilleries, and the Louvre
Palace on the east side, extending for nearly a
mile, whilst all the buildings on the west aide are cf
uniform construction, with colonades, rising from
the curb stone about 25 feet iu height, forming a
shade in hot weather, and a diy promenade among
the brilliant stores underneath in wet weather. The
colonades on Rue Rivoli and the streets leading
from it, are from to two three miles in length, and
have been constructed in this manner within a few
years past by order of Napoleon. The upper stories
of the houses are thus brought out to a Hue with
the curb stone, and the pavements become a shaded
avenue.
The Palais Royal gardens and colonade stores,
oocupjiDg the whole of the basement, probably not
1688 than three hundren in number, Btand iu close
proximity to the colonade stores of Rue Rivoli, and
are d c y and Dight thronged with respectably dress
ed people, whilst thousands are always sitting in
the shade of the garden, or partaking of ices and
coffee at tbe cases which have been allowed to in
vade this beautiful spot.
The English Baptists have addressed to their
brethren in America a protest against elavery.—
r lbe English Baptists are a very good sort of peo
ple, and quite right iu thinking that freedom is bet
ter than slavery; but this is one of the questions
that they really know very little about, and the less
they say about it the better it will undoubtedly be.
It-will take this generation of English Baptiste, and
of all other Englishmen, to reduce their own social
evils to such moderation as will justify them in
speaking otherwise than very tenderly of ours
Providence (R. /•) Journal.
Destructive Fire in Elizabeth City, N. C.—
We regret to announce that a fire broke out
Wednesday morning at 2 o’clock, in Jennings’
coach establisement, which proved very destructive.
The flames raged with unabated fury until property
in the bueiness part of the town valued at more than
$30,000 hod been destroyed. Dr. I. N Butt, G.
W. Kellenger, J. B. Fearing and T. Parr, are
among the heaviest losers. An incendiary applied
the toroh.
“My Son,” saida philosophical old gentleman,
“when draymen take the temperance pledge and
the police refuse bribes; when an omnibus half
empty goes the same pace as full ones ; when tbe
laws of private property extend to umbrellas, and
when a bachelor in lodgings finds a shirt without a
button off, then thou mayest chance to tiud a wife
who will not object to travel without eight-and
twenty packages, and who will show herself posses
sed of such angelic self-denial as even to refuse
thine offer of a dress, simply because she thinks that
she doesn’t need it.”
One of the pasjengers in the late disaster upon
the Michigan Southern Railroad settled with the
Company for the loss of his wife and child, for $590.
From* the St. Louis Republican
Tbe Great llulloon Fxprriiticnt- Dentil* nnd
Incidents of the Trip.
MR. HYDES ACCOUNT.
The writer was a passenger iu the air ship A'lan
tic, which left Si.L.-uism tbe evenirg of Friday,
July 1, and landed near the estern shore of Like
Ontario early ia the afternoon of tbe next day. The
public are already acquainted with the paiiioulars
of the departure. At a little alter 6 o’clock, Prof
John \ ise, of Lancaster, Pa , took his seat in a
large wicker basket suspended to the “concentra
ting hoop” of the balloon, thetep of which basket
or car was about sixteen feet from the boat. The
balloon, then being restrained from carting into
space by a hundred or m.re stout hand#, was suf
fered to rise sufficiently to bring the boat in trim,
whereupon Mr Jehu La Mountain, of Troy, N. Y.,
Mr. O. A. Gager, of Bennington, Vt., and the
writer, stepped in. The ieronauts had v-ry kindly
allowed n*© to aeeompauy them, on condition that
if at any time my weight should prove an obstacle
to the success of the voyage, 1 wa* to be landed—
uot thrown oti a* ballast, of course, but brought
safely to the ground, aud the avoirdupois thus put
off exhausted for substances of lesser gravitation—
while the others were to go on. To ibis arrange
ment there could have been no objection ou my
part, and there w r aa none, as I very well knew that
once aloft tho voyagers would not be likely to
come down, unless for cause)until
they had accomplished as much a* possible ot their
joiuney. I ielt, and still feel, earnestly gratitied
tor the unusual privilege granted me by Mecsrs.
Wise, La Mouutain aud Gager, and although I
have several times told them iuat,it is due to their
generosity to make this public acknowledgment.—
More clever aud kind heartedTnen 1 never knew.
But 1 am keeping the balloon from going up, as
did also tho crowd, who pressed ab..ut us in such a
manner that to adjust the fau-wbeels of the ma
chinery inteuded for raising aud depressing the
ship without the discharge of ballast and gas was
found to be impracticable. Thu* the good people,
anxious to perform any kind office except to step
a little one side, delayed the ascension somew hat,
and compelled the a :onaula to relinquish any pur
pose the wheels might have served, as they could
uot be arranged in mid-air without risking lire.—
The cargo consisted of 900 pounds of sand in bags;
a large quantity of cold chickens, tongue, potted
meat*, taudwiche*, etc.; numerous dark colored,
long necked vessels, containing champagne, sheny,
sparkling catawba, claret, madeira, brandy aud
porter; a plentiful supply of overcoats, shawls,
filduket# and fur glove#; a couple or three carpet
bags, chock lull ot what is expressed in that cou
veitible phrase “a change j” a pail of iced lemonade
aud a bucket of water , a compass, barometer,
thermometer aud chart; bundle* of tbe principal
St. Louis newspapers; an express package directed
to New York Guy , card# of candidates for clerk
ship iu several of the Court#; tumbler#, cups and
knives, and pci haps other articles which have es
caped me.
At the word, hose who were holding on to the
pides of tbe boat fimultaiieously let go, aud the
Atlantic rose slowly and majestically above the
many thousand* who were gathered iu the vicinity,
and sailed off in a direction a little north of north
east. 1 have seeu many large assemblies, but nev
er any to compare in numbers with the throngs who
occupied W&ohiugton square, iueide and outside
tno inolosure, who blacked the roofs of Lous©B and
the tops or lumber nil©*, and who Hiied the street*.
The applauding shouts of tbe people reached our
ears for some lime alter we left the earth, growing
fainter a* we receded. When we no longer heard
their voice*, we ceased waving our hats, took s?ats,
and prepared ourselves to enjoy the sublimity of
the varied scenery that presented itself for hun
dred* upou hundreds of miles around, and Mr. La
Mountain announced that it was 6:40 o’clock.
The city ot St. Louis was an imposing and mag
nificent spectacle, showing that, large as 1 knew
her extent of territory to be, filled up with the most
substantial evidences of commercial power and
wealth, I had not, from passing through her streets
and viewing the mighty arteries throbbing with all
the elements of busy life aud trade, formed ary
adequate conception of her real greatness. As t
would not be easy to sketch on canvass a correct
view of a city, as seen from above, similarly difficult
must be the undertaking when essayed upon paper.
From a general appearance of suuattiness— the
word may not be very elegant, but is the only one
suggesting itself which conveys the idea—obiecls
gradually became less clearly - defined; the smoke
from the foundries disappeared in the sky; streets
grew narrower and darker; and finally the cily
faded into a spot. By this time the barometer hud
fallen tour inches, and the balloon commanded au
extended view of the Mississippi, the Missouri and
Illinois riverp. Leaving the noblest of streams to
the left, I had an opportunity to realize, as much as
is possible to a practical person, the meaning of
poetic dreamers wheu attempting to portray the
silvery, glittering sheen of the waters, produced by
the rays of the declining sun. Nothing could be
imagined more gorgeously beautiful. We cracked
a bottle of Heidsick on behalf of the silvery, glit
tering sheen.
The strips of timber land and fields of newly har
vested grain of that portion of Illinois over which
our silken globe was gliding, were not grotesouely
mingled as they might be supposed to be when
viewed from the distance, but lay like a floor of
mosaic masonry, regular and square. To our vision
there were no hills nor valleys, every object ap
pearing set upon a level surface.
At ten minutes past 7 o’clock the barometer stood
at 24°, ad the thermometer indicated 55°. I had
now the singular seneat.on about the ears which has
been described as the experience of all aeronauts on
their first voyage. It was unpleasant and annoying,
but by no means painful; very much a feeling one
has when, while bathing, these organs become
stopped up with water, making the tympanum grat e
rather harshly at any sound. The monster vessel
had expanded a good deal since the ascension, and
had acquired a more rotuud aud symmetrical
appearance thau that exhibited upon starting. In
a few minutes gas was blown off trom the tube at
the mouth of the balloon, the signal that it had
become inflated to iLs fullest capacity. Professor
Wise, who had charge of the rope connecting the
valve at the top, promptly gave it a pull, and
immediately thereafter a quantity of bluish vapor
floated off aud circled upward. This was at J 5
minutes after 7 o’clock. A quarter of an hour later,
the air ship had descended very considerably, the
barometer indicating 27 inches and the thermome
ter 65°. All this time the happy quartette Lad
been conversing about the magnificence of the
scenery, relating anecdotes, and watching with
interest the progress of Mr. Brooks’s balloon, the
“Comet,” which had preceded us from Washington
square. Every vestige of St. Louis had uow van
ished from our sight, aud we were driving at a
wondertul rate of speed toward our far-off’ destina
tion. I do not think I ever before experienced
such exhilaration of spirit—such real joy. Our
motion was perfectly steady. There was no rocking
of the boat or car, no rustling of the silk, nothing,
indeed, but the receding forests and fields beneath,
to tell ua wo were not poised between earth and
sky iu a dead calm. To have been apprehensive
of danger woulcMiave been next to impossible—to
have felt fear would have been, not cowardice,
but pusillanimity. My feeling was that ballooning,
beside being the most pleasant and swift, was the
safest mode of travel known. Steaming down a
rapid current in a boat on a lovely evening, with
sublime bluffs, romantic caverns aud green foliage
on either eide, glistening waves below and mild
sky above, is grand and delightful. Sailing ou au
unruffled lake, parting the placid waters, and
skimming like a gull with gentle fleetnees, is ineffa
bly glorious. But these enjoyable methods of travel,
I felt, yielded in point of dainty pleasurabteiiHSs to
the birdlike grace and impressive surroundings of
airial navigation. With us no breath of breeze
was stirring. The buoyant down of a thistle, re
eased from the willow car, would have fallen to
the boat by its own specific gravity. In all tlii3
calmness our monster bubble floated through the
clouds. Twilightfwas on the earth, and gave to the
color of the soil the appearance of frozen lakes. By
this time the sun had set to the inhabitants of the
earth, though to U 9 it was four or five degrees above
the horizon. At 32 minutes after 7 we saw our
escort, the Comet, which looked like a mere
bladder, effecting a landing far to the northwest
“Too much credit cannot be given” to the exten
sive range of more than telescopic vision possessed
by the inhabitants of Pana, Illinois, and the citizens
of Fort Wayne, Indiana, whose delighted eyes
were blessed with a special and exclusive sight of
Mr. Brooks’s balloon, at one place at 1 o’clock A.
M., and at the other three hours later.
At 30 minutes after 7 o’clock we were favored
with a view of sunset, such as no painter could de
pict nor any enthusiast df scribe. We were paesing
over the magnificent prairies of Illinois—those
oceans of agricultural wealth —St. Louie lying south
half west, behind up, and the brightness of the wes
tern sky was in fine contrast with the on-coming
darkness of the Mississippi and tributary streams.
Above it has been mentioned that at half past 7
o’clock, the barometer indicated 27 inches. It may
be necessary to refresh the reader's recollection
here by stating that the use of the barometer is to
measure the different degrees of atmospheric
weight or pressure by the rise and fail of mercury
in a tube. The pressure of the air varies as we as
cend trom the earth, the medium altitude of the
mercury at the surface being from 29 to 30 inches.
The diminution of the density of the atmosphere ie
perceptible on a lofty hill, and is proportionally
greater, of course, at more decided heights. At 10
minutes past 7 o'clock, the finger of the barometer
had pointed to 24, showing an altitude of one mile.
Thus it will be observed tuat in 20 minutes we had
descended rapidly to the earth, and the explana
tion is apparent that this depression was the result
of the discharge of gas, the buoyant power. To
atone for the descent it was in turn requisite to
throw off ballast and lessen the weight which the
balloon had to carry, which was done by opening a
bag of sand and dropping a few bandiulls At 8
o’clock, the mercury in the barometrical tube told
26 inchee, and five minutes subsequently 23j, which
showed that our gallant ship had lifted herself up
wonderfully. The rising ot the fluid was Dot the
only w&y by which we knew we had been attain
ing a greater altitude, lor we low enjoyed the
rather unusual occurrence of beholding the sun rise
in the West —apparently rise, lor the glorious lu
minary had only disappeared as our craft sank, and
again came in sight as ths mysterious influence of
the sand bag lessened the d'scance between us and
the earth. A quarter of airhour elapsed and it be
came dark. Ine barometer then stood at 23 inches,
and the weather was bitter cold. Our shawls and
overcoats and gloves then Caine into requisition,
but in spite of these artificial aids to comfort our
limbs v ere numb and our teeth chattered after the
manner of au American Bottom ague.
It was, I think, about this time that an incident
occurred, both exciting and alarming. Prof. Wise
crouched himself down in the wicker-car, covered
his body with shawls and other articles of warmth,
was paying his devoirs to the drowsy god of
sieep. The balloon had again become inflated to
its fullest tension, and the Professor lay immediately
under its mouth. Mr. Gager had occasion to ad
dress tome remark to the veteran aeronaof, but re
ceived no answer. It was deemed impossible that
he bad fallen asleep so soon, and Mr. G. again ac
costed him, this time in a louder tone. Bull there
was do response. A third and fourth time did be
call, but heavy, deep and convulsive breathings
were the only result/ Mr. Gager, almost pale wiih
apprehension lest something fearful bad occurred
to Prof. W , at once bounded to one of the upright
irenaofthe tan-wheel machinery, ana with awis
tance from one of bis fellow-voyagers clambered
into the car. It was a lucky circumstance for Prof.
W , that he did ; for Mr. Gager fouad that the tube
at the inoath of the balloon was directly under the
former’s noee, and that the expansion of the gas
had driven some of the hydregen directly into his
face. He was, at that time, insensible, though as
Bon as the tube had been removed by Mr. Gager
from i‘B proximity to the Proiensor’s olfactories,
and a few hearty shakes given him, the comatose
mao revived, rubbed bis eyes, muttered a few in
coherent ey.tables, and inquired what brought his
frieod into the car, and what was the matter. The
proficient balloonist, who Doasts of Lis two hundred
and thiriy nine ascensions, had been taught a valua
ble lesson, and took good care therealter to keep
the lower end of the gas bag out of the way of his
BD \Vhile this was going on, the coble Atlantic had
found the current that the aeronaut® had declared
was always blowing in the upper regions from the
Occident to the orieut, and was now travelling to
ward the very star which they had picked out in
the firmament as the beacon of the course they
wished to takO. The discovery was one well calcu
lated to perfect the reetoiation of senses in Prof.
Wise, so happily begun by Mr. Gager. There
broke from his li*pe a little cough , and saying,
“Boys, let’s sing,” he struck up the stirring national
anthem, “Ha 1 Columbia,” in which we all joined
and carried through with a great deal of vigor and
very little tune, as the frigidity of the atmosphere
put quite a damper on patriotism and melody. We
kept along in this west east current only a little
while, however, as, from experiments made, it is
important to say hers, at the sacrifice of both gas
VOL. LXXIII.—NEW SERIES VOL.XXIII. NO. 29.
and sand, it seetnt-d that the lower currents w. re
bl wing nearly east (if turned out that their oourae
war a good deal north of eimr,) and it wai deter
untied that the increase id our comfort would mors
t an compensate for the los* ot time in making
coast, by lowerirg the voi-*©l a considerable di©
tauce. It was some time betore it wa* ascertained
wuat amount of tiie ascending power it would be
necessary to discharge iu • uier to depress the b.;l
loon to the proper noin , an* not until quite a iirrge
quantity of ballast had been expended, it bring no
longer light tuough lo make any instrumental ob
servations.
Tue aerial ship de cended until the atmosphere
ceased to be very cold, when our party began a *i*-ge
on the eatables and drinkables, dispalcbiug vatiou*
good things, solid, fluid aud mixed, with alacrity and
relish. About this time (a little after mtdrigh*)
there were momentary flashes of lightuiug on all
sides of the horizon. The milky-way appeared like
luminous phosphorescent clouds, and heaven’# j©w e!
ed tiara ot stars glistened below u* and above.—
Night :* queenly brow shimmered with the mellow
light of tue new-born crescent moon. Star light and
moon light! Here was the poesy to wh ch Shelly
paid *uch deep adoration, und which Alexander
Smith delighted to cherish and to cultivate! Here
wa# the mighty scroll ot the cerulean-pi Hared firm
ament, glittering all over with gorgeous heraldry I
We broke another buttle to tbe blue sky, glittering
all over with it* gorgeous heraldry.
At 12:35 o’clock we passed over a small river, but
were uuabie to fell what it was, not being able to
trace its course for a sufficient distance. At l o’clock
wo fouud ourselves sailing over a dense forest, aud
being tbeu quite low, diriiuctly heard the wind
passing through the tree boughs, sounding like a
heavy rain. We emerged from the woods, it the
term i* allowable, aud floated over several habita
tions, which we saluted with our united voices. Du
ly the dog# and the bull trigs lmd tbe kindness to
a©ud up their uncivilized acclamations, and in re
turn we dispatched them the latest intelligence from
fct. Louis, done up iu a copy ot The Evening News,
as affording a sort of compromise between our lan
guage and their#
At. 1 £ we glided over another river, and, as we
thought, a canal, and 39 minute# later over a rail
road track. The river was doubtless the Wabash,
and the railioad the New-Albauy and Salem.
Prof. Wise aud Mr. Gager had been asleep slrioe
about half-past twelve o’clock, and appeared to
give the matter tht ir uureu.iaing attention. I had
taken about au hour’# rest in broken doses, having
been in a dilemma whether to close my eyes on
sublunary things or keep a visual open for parsing
events. The quandary was settled by *ny coming
to the conclusion, that as such trips as the Atlantic
wa* making, were by no means of every day oc
currence, it wou'd not do lo miue any of tbe inci
dents. Mr. La Mountain, who had been very
joviaiy inclined during the early part of the night,
suddenly became rather iudu-posed to talk, and 1
observed him bowing with closed ev<* tit the bot
tom of the boat. He had Worked with great indus
try at Verandah Hall in getting the cords, valves,
&o , in trim for the voyage, and had taken but
little toleep. Morpheus seemed to have some claim
upon him, and was disposed to press it. While Mr.
L. was dozing, 1 observed that a current of air was
taking us downward and called his attention to it.
We had just timo to scoop up a couple of handsful
of ballast apiece and drop them overboard, to save
us nom a collision with a clump of tree* which
stood in alarming proximity. Such was our near
ness to the earth at this time that we very distinct
ly heard the sand fall on th© ground. The bufloon,
once more freed from a portion of her freight, dart
ed up again into the air aud went above the bran
ches without touching, though the margin was
.quite small. It was twenty minutes to three o’clock
then. The godda## of the dawn was inat leading
her coursers of daylight to the gate of the horizon,
tinging the east with a faint, purple glow. Pretty
soon another ruddy llime 1 glued up, aud at three
o’clock I could dietinguish where there wa# a line
in my note-book, sufficiently to avoid making one
memorandum directly over another Five minutes
elapse, and the stars have gone off their beats—the
deep-mouthed dogs going to their kenuels.
The balloon was now riding majestically through
the clear ether. We were not high, apparently, yet
a house below u* looked the size of a cobble stone.
Messrs. Wise, Gager and La Mountain were fast
asleep, and it devolved on mo to be “ scientific di
rector, navigator, and aeronaut ” in one, the respon
sibility of which, I flatter my self, was not misplaced,
inasmuch a# there could uve been nothing for me
to do, except lo wonder how far we had trave'ed,
what course we were taking, whore we were going,
and when we would get there, duties that X per
formed with aalonishiug proficiency, for a novice.
Yet. 1 was uot so engrossed in this philosophical
employment that I could not observe passing events.
1 noticed the same combination of forest# and fields
iuto regular squares that had attracted my attention
in the early part of the evening while above Illi
nois, but the balloon wa* nearer the earth now, and
every objact. was dressed in an emerald hue. A
piece of ice, weighing about three pounds, which
had been placed in the water bucket at starting,
had melted to the size of a walnut, from which cir
cumstance it will be inferred that the weather had
not been intensely cold.
At 3:25 o’cloock we floated over a village com
posed of a dozen or so home* in a pretty cluster.
By this rime all tbe pariy were awake and lively,
and w’e chatted and sung and ate till sunrise, at 4; 15,
when we left to the right of ua a large town which
Mi. La Mountain said was Fort Wayne, Ind, We
could plainly hear the shouts of Ihe astonished aud
delighted inhabitants, aud Mr. Gager led olf with a
resounding and j *lly hurrah, given by the whole of
us with a will. Wo accordingly lost, much breath
for nothing, for it i* not probable we were heard.
We threw off some papers and bills of fare at Bar
nuun’s H otel, which may have alighted within ten
miles cf ihe town. If there wa# but one crooked
liver in the world, no person going over the Wa
bash, attached to a balloon, would hesitate to say
that was it. Prof. Wise jocularly remarked that
fiehes would have tiresome work navigating that
stream. Mr. Gager thought it would afford excel
lent opportunities for the display ot science on the
part ot a steersman of a flat-boat. Mr. La Moun
tain asserted that the steersman aforesaid might
imagine it a grand stream for dams ; while I could
only make a remark, not Very funny, that the
Wabash, like a “tired” toper, did uot pursue its
course ou uudeviating principle—the idea of which
I stole from Hood.
At 27 minutes past 4 o’clock we wore sailing at a
moderate speed near the forests, in a noitbern
course, the thermometer ranging at 74° and the
barometer as low as 27£ inches. Although the
ajcouauts were not pleased with this state of things,
they said it was not best to throw off any ballast,
as the sun’s rays on the balloon would heat the gas
aud give the vessel anew impetus upward. There
was a good philosophy iu that, aud pretty soon we
noticed its verification. At 5J o’clock the mercury
in the barometer had risen to 25 inches, showing
our altitude to be nearly one mile. We could then
hear the lowing of cows with distinctness, In Beven
minuses more the barometer indicated 23$ inche*,
or as near as could be approximated, only three
inches and a halt below the minimum figure reach
ed during the voyage, which was at night, when it
was too dark to make observations on the instru
ment. Our highest altitude, therefore, was about
two miles.
Twelve minutes after 5 o’clock, we descried in
the east what at first appeared to be the reflection
of the sun iu the sky. A last one of the party as
serted that we were not many miles from a lake,
and so it was, as the reader will know by aud by.
The noble air vessel was wieping along at a bri k
rate, dragging its shadow on the ground encircled
iu fantastic colors. A fine light silk umbrella mark
ed “J Geo. Davis,” had been left in the boat by
some person in Washington square. I appropriated
this, and, unfolding it, had an excellent, protection
for myself and Mr. Gager from the heated, yellow
rays which were pouring in upon us. There was
now no doubt that what had at; first seemed a bril
liancy of the eastern heavens was nothing les3 than
aD immense body of water. The aeronauts conclu
ded that it could only be Lake Erie, aud they were
right; for, tracing the shore and observing tho lit
tle islands, its contour corresponded almost precisely
with the map. A eublimer scene never broke on
human view. Lake Erie, it will be remembered,
has a surtV.ce of 7,800 equare miles; and, though
w T e could not. behold the whole of it, the view lost
none of its magnificence from the xiause. Its ex
panae, limited and bounded only by tbe great zone
where It blended with the heavens, seemed au eter
nity of waters—vast, measureless as the bending
canopy itself. Groups of white clouds, like great
puffs from a steam pipe, floated languidly on every
side, unfolding their gauze like robes and passing
off in eddying currents. There was a collection of
houses huddled together where the Maumee River
pout's its tribute into the lap of the lake, and this
was Toledo ; and there, in that great bend, dotted
wi h specks of land, Perry gained his victory in
1813.
Beven o’clock saw the gallant Atlantic parting
company with the shore, a little north of Port
Chilton, then making due east. We were low
enough to distinguish objects of the size of men,
and 6 8 the balloon darted above houses, we could
plainly discern people and hear their voices. One
apprehensive individual bellowed qut, “ You’d
better look out ; that’s the Lake! ’ while another
contented himself with the exclamation, “Hoo-c e! ”
A small propelier did the Atlantic the honor to blow
her whistle as a salutation, and immediately hove
to, her commander doubtltas imagining we were
about to descend into the water where he would
have to pick us out. A considerable quantity of
ballast was now discharged, and as at 7:25 o’clock
we swept by Sandusky City the barometer snot
up to 231 inches, the thermometei indicating 50
degrees. Tho balloon, having reached the raritßd
regions, expanded almost to its full capacity, and
again it wae found necessary to pull down the safe
ty valve and let off gas. By th s time we had
sailed far from the shore, and the bosom of tne lake
appeared to be dotted tor miles with white objects,
which wo knew to be schooners. Messrs. La
Mountain and Gager had been asleep since eeven
o’clock, but at halt-past, eight Prof. Wise directed
more ballast to be thrown overboard, and they
awoke to see what the matter was. The alarm
which suggested this was soon over, however, and
at nine o deck the whole party were as merry ae
when they were lifted towards the clouds at start
ing. At half-past nine o’clock we overtook a steam
er bound for Buffalo, the decks of which were
crowded wito passengers, wbo*e buzzaa wua borne
to our ears attended by she shrill scream of the
boat’s steam whistle. We were wafting along not
more than st)ofeet from the Lake, in a northeaster
ly course, making decided l y the fastest time on re
cord. At six minutes of t*u o’clock the steamboat
could be faintly seen on the horizon, so rapid was
our flight. Tbe balloon was then passing over Long
Point, near the spot made famous by the delectable
prize fist battle of Morrissey aod Heenau for the
championship of America ! Boon we had traversed
nearly the entire length of Lake Erie, a distance ot
two t undred and fiity miles, accomplished in three
hours!
At half past ten o’clock we had Lake Erie and
Lake Ontario both in eight, a epectaie that could
not be viewed without mingled sentiments of ad-
wonder. Ihe balloon had now attain
ed aD altitude of nearly a mile. A terrible storm
was surging beneath us, the trees waving and the
waves surging against the shores of Erie io an
awfully tempestuous manner. But above the career
ing whirlpools and the thundering breakers swam
the proud Atlantic, not a cord displaced, ncr a
breadth of silk disturbed, soaring 111 oft with her
expectant crew, and gaily heading for tbe salt
crests which bound our vast Republic. Now like a
gurgle, comes the snboued roar of the piashiDg ano
headlong Cataract of Niagara.
At 11 o’clock, having skimmed over tbe Lake
shore, still bound eastwardly, the balloon brought
us in dight of Buffalo and Niagara Falls, as also of
the celebrated Welland Canal We had reached a
b’ght of more than a mile, the barometer malting
23.6 inchee. At 12 o’clock wo were nearly between
the Falie and Buffalo; ine.ining rathor to the left
of the latter. Hero we had a view of tbe Cataract.
O-nl au-ga rah. “rAe thunder of the water ,” as the
lodiaLd call it, Gen. Brock’s Monument, Queens
town, Grand Island, St. Catherine’s, Gravel Bay
Lewiston,Black Rock, Fort Erie, and other cele
brifies of that locality. Tne famous Falls were
quite insignificant, seen from our altitude. There
was, to us, a descent of about two feet, and the
water seemed to be motionless. The spray gave
the whole an appearance as of ice, and there was
nothing grand or sublime about it. Passing the
western terminus of the Erie Cana), the balloon
was borue directly toward Lake Ontario. Our
ballast was now nearly exhausted, and to have
determined on crossing the second lake would have
been sheer recklessness and hardihood. At this
point it was resolved to descend to tbe earth, land
Mr. Gager and myself, arid iu our stead take a suffi
cient quantity of new ballasl, and again steer for
the Atlantic Ocean. Could this have been done
there is scarcely a doubt of Messrs. Wise and La
Mountain’s reaching their destination The air
ship was lowered, but was immediately caught in
the hurricane which was then raging, aud carried
very near the tops of trees which were bending
and Bwaying to and fro by the force of the wind
Mr. La Mountaiu at once threw over the buckets
and their contenie, and the lift t.h s gave us kept u-*
Irotn being crushed in the woods. Lke a bullet we
shot out m o k t**e lake.
The machinery was got In readiness to bo tossed
ouL and every possibn preparation made tor keep
ing out the Waves. For while w-a otieria ied the
hope that we w ould be ab'e to pass tne oroud ex
pu i.-e of deep in safely, though we knew we had
nearly 193 miles to traverse. But this hop* dia
iut in lets (ban au hunr, ai the trooping winds bore
down on u j , seemed, with greater aud increasing
fierceness. We had got far out, and there whs im
land insight. A dreary waste cf newly 7,01)0
eqiare miies of water was before and around us.
A. length we i e ired the dashing billows, which
were wildly flu king up their white cape and cha
sing one another toward the uorth east For me, a
lifetime was concentrated in that awful, perilous
momeut. It was the first time since I had sot foot
in the boat suspended to the balloon tha* I had ex
perienced fear as to my safety. I looked arouud at
my companions -, they were calm, but their oou.-
tenaxces gave me no assurance. Plunge, plunge,
went the iron bars of the machinery iuto the waves,
uow rolling ten feet iu height! And the Atlantic,
obedient lo this magio control, again bounded up
ward out, of the way ot the dark and hungry ele
ment. There was groat relief in this; but the
coolest reason could not have seen in the circum
stance anything but momentary encouragement.
I cannot recollect whether it was at this point, or
before, that Mr. Gager olimbed up into the oar
with Prof. Wise. Whenever it was, he did so as
much tor the security of the entire party as for his
own safety, for there is no selfishness in Mr. Gager,
see him where you will.
For a time again our flying ship was buoyed up
out of the way of hazard, but would frequently
d*rt downward as though intent on burying us all.
This movement was promptly checked by throwing
out some article as bal'ast, and thus carpet sacks
containing clothing, overcoats, bundles of papera,
provisions, were pitched into the Lake, and sti 1 we
kept iu almost hrpeless proximity. Mr. La Moun
tain had said he desired to take care of the boat,
and advised me to get iuto the oar above, with
Messrs. Wise aud Gager, which I hastened to do.
No sooner had 1 plauted myself firmly in the wicker
basket than down, down, down with fearful speed
went the balloon towaid the lake. I closed iny
cyts involuntarily, but was quickly aroused by a
crash and a luuge of the car forward. Three times
were there a terrib’e clatter and splash. One mo
ment mere of life, thought!. L joking uround I
beheld a hat floating off, and the samo instant no
baboon dartedjout of Ihe water. “Poor La Mouti
tain,” was ia my heart to say. for 1 thought him
gone; but a cheerful “a!l tight, bays,” stepped mo
and 1 ghtened me ot one grief. Now came a teet ot
La Mountain's bravery, aud notly did he stand it.
Taking a hatchet, which was handed dowo to him
from the oa r where it was swung, he began loosen
tog the planks making the lining of the boat, which
he sent overboard at evry indication of another
descent. Wbtu In* had gone as tar as possible thin
way, be unscrewed the nuls which had been placed
iu the inside of tbe bat by which to fosteu the
mactiinery. Gatbtnpg all articles, of no matter
how little weight, toge her, he sent them with the
teat. The cats went ovei next, aud at last there
whs uothiog in the boat He bad taken of bis ojat.
to it, aud worked till the perspiration ran from bis
brow like rain—all the while speaking hopefully,
and endeavoring to q Jet our appiehensious
When there was uothiog more to be doue below,
Mr. La Mountain drew himself up by the rope into
the car. Everyihiug bad now ?one but an over
coat and two blankets, which were saved to be
used as a final resort.
Uow wistfully did four persons strain their eyes
that day* in the dirtctiou of the shore ; aud would
it never, never come ius'ght? M:. Gager’s face
bore an ex pre-sion ot mingled sadness aud solicitude;
peril up® he was tL inking o u group of happy tact s
all unconscious of his peril, away in Bsutiington,
Vt. Mr. La Mountaiu seemed more hopeful, and
Prot. Wise talked os though we were certain of
getting safe over the lake, though he warned us of
danger as soon as wo would be off the water.—
Professor W.’athebry was : ibat it the boat should
get swamped, the balloon would still have momen
tum and power sufficient to drag ua to shore, whioh
happily had by this time appeared iu the a ui dir
tance. A propeller called Young America shortly
afterward bore down upon us to onus t 0 our relief,
hut we scudded some I ‘lt-e’ feet before her
bows, and so that hope failed.
Finally, aitei bkiumtiug within 30 feet of the dark
, waves, for a distance of not leas than 50 miles, and
perhaps more, we had the joy to know that we were
out of dauger of drowning ; but anew peril was
before us. Prof. Wise hail been quite ligui in nin
prediction. The hurricane blew us immediate y
into a dense forest which skirted the lake, and
threatened to tear us limb from limb. Mr. Gager
had thrown out the anchor, a heavy iron one with
three hooks, each au iuoh and a quarter in thick
ness. Bo rapid was our flight that this stood out
nearly straight from tbe car. As the grapnel swung
against a tree ot moderate size, the velocity of the
balloon aud its terriblo strength would tear it down
and fling it to the ground. One by one the hooks
broke off, aud we were again at the mercy of the
all-eweeping wind. Mr. La Mountain and I held
on the valve rope, endeavoring to discharge the
gas, but we quickly were compelled to release our
grasp, and cling to the “concentrating hoop” to
avoid being thrown out. It has been before stated
that the meshes enveloping the iik of tho Atlantic
had an aggregate strength cf 120 tons. It is not
strange that it was sometime before tbeie cords
were broken.
The balloon actually went through a mile of
forest, and, tearing down trees aud breaking
branohes, pursued its resistless course, dashing our
car to and iro against trunks and limbs, until the
stout netting had broken little by little, aud the
balloon itself had no longer any protection, wheu
striking a tall tree tho silk was punctured in a
dozen places and rent into ribbons, leaving the cni
suspended by the net-work twenty feet above iie
ground. The course of the balloon through Bio
woods left a path similar to that oI a tornado free*
halt the size ot a man’s body were snapped in
twaiu as though they were pipestem-*, and huge
limbs were scattered like leaves. It is difficult H>
see how any one of the quartette escaped with hia
life. It happened that the landing was made within
150 yards of a settlement, uud the crash was so great
that tne people ran to the spot to see what had
happened. Singular as it would appear, there wa-*
only one of the four injured in the least—Mr. La
Mountain receiving some flight contusions about
one of bis hips, and the remainder escaping without
a scratch. Wheu wo got down, which was doue
partly by ropes and partly by means of a broken
tree, several persons Were standing arouud with
open mouths and eyes staring out wonder. We
tnen learned that we were l&uded ou the place of
Truman O. Whitney, near Baokett’s Harbor, iu
the township of Henderson, Jefferson county, New
York. By Mr. Lamountaiu’s watch, tbe time was
2 o’clock and 20 minutes. We had been 19 houru
and 40 minutes travelling a distance which cannot
be computed at less thau 900 miles, and ia said to
reach as much as 1,200.
Our lauding, though so hazardous, was in one
important respect a tortuuale one, inasmuch as wo
fell among hospitable people, who treated us in a
spirit ot politeuesd which might bi emulated by
persona ot more genteel pretensions. About twenty
women and young girls surrounded us, and had a
million questions to propound relative to the ex
traordinary voyage. But we soon got used to that
sort of thing. In the bottom of tbe car we found a
couple of copies of the Bt. Louis Price Current and
the card of Fred. Kretscamar, candidate for the of
fice of Clerk ot the (Criminal Court, which were
seized and appropriated at once, perhaps for some
cabinet of curiosities.
After the natives bad somewhat recovered from
their surprise, we were beset on every side to ac
company all of them home, and take “ a snack of
something to eat.” One elderly lady insisted on
our going home with her, because she wanted to
give us a good scolding lor making such fools ot
ourselves as to undertake a trip of the ktucW Wo
finally weDt to the house of Mr. Justus Wayne, not
a great way off, where the women folks set about
to get up a “ staving tirsfrate dinner.” And a first
rai.e dinner It was, whereat we sat. down to an ex
cellent cup of tea each, superior bread aud butter,
lettuce, and other well prepared viands, including
cbeiry and blackberry pie. Having finished our
meal, and being anxious to let our friends know of
our safety, we inquired the wav so the nearest tele
graph station, which was at Adams, ten miles dis -
tant, on tbe Watert wn arid Rome Railroad. Mr
Wayne geared up a team for Mr. Gager and I,
while a neighbor performed a like service for Prof.
Wise and Mr. La Mountain. On the rood to Adame,
one of Mr. Wayne’s acquaintances met him and
asked him if he had heard about the air balloon
which had alighted in the woods. A glow of pride
and complacency spread all-over pur driver’s honest
phiz, as he replied, with an affirmative shake of the
head, “Yea, and here’s two of the men that was iu
it!” The toot traveler felt immediately that be had
been eclipsed.
Our arrival at Adams was such an event as to
deserve notice. We made our busieess known at
the telegraph (fii ;e without delay, and sat down to
prepare despatches, a half dozen louugers gather
ing about us, and, as they were civilly answered,
the news spread like a prairie on fire. We had
scarcely finished our messages wheu each one of ua
found himself surrounded, and had to go through
the entire account.
One offer another came up, each wanting us to
repeat the whole narrative from the commencement
There was a dress parade of military going on iu
the street, but it had to pale its ineffectual fire be
fore us “foreigners.” They are very sensible peo
ple in Adams, probably, though they hesitated to
believe that a journey had been accomplished to
♦ heir county from so remote a region as St. Lvuiaiu
less than twenty hours. Some excuse may be
tound for thtir incredulousness in the fact that they
had recently been swindled by a miserable hoax
concocted by some ingenious newspaper editor, re
larive to tbe descent of an imaginary meteor some
where ia that vicinity. It was suggested that the
serolire was no biug more nor less than a bag of
sand from the Atlantic balloon. The Adamsitee
are “down” ou newspaper hoaxes.
The above very hastily prepared narrative is
already so long that no room is lett for comments
on the subjects attained by the results to be antici
pated by the voyage. The journey is the longest
one by far ever made. Mr. Green, the celebrated
English anonaut, made a trip some * years ago of
five hundred miles, accompanied by'two other., but
this is now entirely eclipsed, ana Prof. Wise an
nounces that if he cau raise tbe requisite means ho
will immediately undertake/to sail in an air ship
across the Atlantic Ocijan. I believe this under
taking can be accomplished. Wm Hyde.
From tiie Putt's Peak Mines, —We learn from
the Leavenwortb Times, of Monday* that one ot the
coaches of the Pike’s Peak Kxpre c s Company arri
ved there on the evening previous, bringing datea
to the 23d ult.
Horace Gretley left Denver in a private convey
ance with a week’s outfit, for Utah via Fort Lara
mie, on the 19th ult.
An immense conflagration commenced raging in
the mountain piueries on the 20th uk. It originated
on tne dividing ridge between the Gregory and
Jackson diggings, and soon had turned hundreds of
rbousands of acres of Pine land into an ocean of
tire, that swept away eveiything towards the snow
range. A violent wind that prevailed for a few
days increased tbe vehemence of the destructive
element. At Denver City the existence of the fire
was first announced by dense volumes of smoke
that filled tbe atmosphere from tbe mountains to
Cherry Creek. Many prospecting parties had been
cut off trom escape and devoured by the devasta
ting fl imes. Suffocated and cindered bodies bad
already beeu discovered. A party of fifteen per
sons are known to have perished by the flame*.
The Illinois Company, m one day, took one of
ihe mountain lead $2lB wortb of gold, consisting of
a number ot nuggets, the weight of the heaviest of
yvhich was not lees than 15 pennyweights A party
from Ohio struck a second lead of solid quartz, im
pregnated with heavy particles of gold, at about
the same time. The discovery was made 20 miles
north of Gregory’s diggings, at the foot of the
snowy range The first day they took out SB9,
” ’ hey had nothing but ordinary picks to
work with. , T
Mountain News, June 11, says :
“We returned three days since from the diggings
on Houston’s Fork, on Vasques |river, where we
have spent over two weeks. When we entered
ihe dtwKiogs on the 20th May, there were about
twenty men in that vioinity, o:.ly_two quart* leads
had been opened, and but three damns on oneot
•ihoee and two on tbe other. In two weeka from
that time more than three thousand men were at
work, at least thirty leads satisfactorily prospected,
and several hundred ciaimß opened and profitably
worked. Hundreds of other claims are being
opened and new leads are daily discovered. As
yet the discoveries and mines are conhned to a very
small spaoe of oountry. We think that not a olaim
has been opened outside of a oiroular track having
a diameter of five miles, but tbe area to steadily
increasing and no limit has been found on either
side.”— St. Louu Republican, July c,