Newspaper Page Text
m W. s. JONES.
TERMS.
THE WEEKLY
CMROMCLE Ac SENTINEL
S PUfcLISHED EYERY WEDNESDAY,
AT
Til HIT. HOLLARS per Annum;
TWO DOLLARS WHEN PAID IN
ADVANCE,
f -within THREE MONTHS after the
commencement of the
Subscription.
!■) iji.pßSu: INDIVIDUALS eendlnjf n Ten
,i \ : ]& peper will be Beat feron*
,j-.;fnr in tl* pepefet the rate of
s:.< C MES roB TEN DOLLARS,
r „ ( . . yt. . wi may procure u* Five eub-
I <-r'raril a* the raoney
■■ t.; rent at thi rat* unier* the
. i a:(1 Itr:‘!y m advance Nor will
i ■ r * : ved. The rehote. fix wutt
T■: ’ PTRONICLE At SENTINEL
D'.ll.t AND TRI-WHF.KI.Y,
‘re a > pii at this office, and mailed to sub
•riu'-reat tae foi ng rat*.nam“ly:
DAILY PA I 1 KM f r.t by mail, KtTKS DoLItHS
! - aw i c!va - ar-i Eioht Dollars If
i ayment bedeiaved i wnrr souths.
1 ! “-VKKKI.Y PAPER. Four Dollars, In ad
■ rn Dot .Lars if payment be delayed
three hostrs.
It oie. for Werkl? Adrrilrireiite.
(• - ..•snenti-, pabliabed once a
oc'-h *. f-, v, 1 ;-\Vf’ hly or Weekly, Snxr. and
I lea: •pc, lu.e, .c,r eat h lnrertiou.
• i r■( i * 7■ . O nti pur line, tor tnetire
p. i , r.u / fill <'• • t per line lor each robee
tir'iurm Arvn ti rursTi", Tin Cent! per
Death*, end V rstuAL Notices
y.l C >1 -ail.. Obitcaribs, Ten Cents pe
MON IJOIiI
FEMME rUIIMII.
xassa.
IM)it y-’ * ‘c, ililn (>rjDt organ rial lon,
. • ci -Litutioo has enjoyed the incrtM
,/ - , ..- nd i piton jf an Intflllvgent public. It*
l . ornor f. ft* r.t - • • wh'/y opinions on education
• oght to coouaanl the ingbeut respect. Thin Institution
11 VI LIM.RAL DEI’ARTMINTS!
I v O>LLi •> if i>LHAHTMKNT, w Lich embraces
ai y* v c.ti r<• .f Hfn l.v, i tiding aii the brauebes
ofneiccc 1., rr> trisH*• Your* ?.a<i]**ii thorough
Ji A N v; iHI and l(J ULPARTMMNT, In wbich pu
I 1.-ii prop’ r< repared ‘or College, and a good taslu
IP. i for tl.'.roujrh Rch-.larr.btp
lii M ■ s0 ut-.i'aiN TMBNT, vrlth tried teachers,
r .■: t • tu •; (In tractt non the Piano Porte, Clui
t . r . I ,-r n I.’, Vi'tiiD. Piute, Ac Advanced
j t, ,i r* itt’ ‘t- *• ‘.upttre * Uric, it desired. Prof.
I . ’ AN OHNAMbttiAL DEPARTMENT, in which
, , fainting in Oil and Water O 1 r . On>
. ~{ ftrU.i x- V-.ifitmg Penciling, Mor.oct.ro
, , , r t anl flower-., Crape Work,
i,:til*roil.Ty, ‘ Dpi • i v- cr , ltoii. Fruit, Ac.
V A DOM;: ‘IC DL AKTMBNT, in which pupils
am: utl .<> aiidPrarticaiPrinciple*oiDo*
, , .. , ‘j w ■i i ..n every Tuesday, Thnrn
... ij !sv -t ibp voted to this Department,
y , i • * w> • I not it* tb least interfere
lh, in th, mii >.dege in (Arorgia giving attention to
t . ujo'-t iHhcn ai part of ’ i'emaie Education.
ILo l'"Hid ot ‘iolr >;4 iij ui i: thorough scholars and
, < i,. i . three of whom graduat tl with
honor at Mercer Vn vers ty
A it r NH VOLK NT INSTITUTION
thliii w! c . Hie ( .inglitefH f’i Ministers of the Gospel of
• u ft s.'.u.ated WITHOUT CUakGE
I't'K I I Ii N m< iHiVt-r, worthy indigent orphans
, . ; . , t i M oixleris wdl be boarded from
Pul ta t Lconomy. Extravagance Is
not a m.v- -t J. *.c r i to* w rn. A pupil’s dreeslng
(m n yci*r. • coat n ore than from *.ioto *f.O.
HO * ‘CO or Tltr> TKM.
1. , Al< ‘ 1 i:WO‘I>, I I) , Griffin, Pre’t
itev lil.l iAH .1 I'ANMAL, LouUville”
Kev VVM. C. WII.KPN For-yth
In (jis’t’t v i; K PElfiP oEH, Forayth.
Hull .John T i’KOWDEU, Mom >e county.
Col. JAS S PI N(; KAMI) F r.'jth.
F.OL.N T \ YLOL, lbu|, (Jalapaicheo.
JH LAIN !•’ PO>Dr.U. Esq. Forsyth.
.tOSKITi J, CAUt' l N, Euq , Ma. on county.
OAMlft \!*OKD, Eh.;., Forsyth, Secretary.
Cot jou v 't STKI'HKNS, Forsyth.
GEO A * AUANIHF.Eaq ,T reasurer.
I’ M l I.TY.
Rev. WM C WILKES, A M., President.
Prof It T ANHi RY. A. M.
Dr. EOT WIDitUUN, A M.
Prof WM. FISH Ell, A, M
Mrs Mv V A WIDKF.K.
Mrs. KA i ti AsRPHY.
Mi ; M< KV A LAND
Li JULIA A H I’ANFOBD.
Mi l ROME A GUAPPELI*.
I* t| : if; ‘ : *•; toV'c per year; Music, SSO; Board
|n)jn>r mn - ; < \r‘u<ivo of lights and washing.
IT .. if, C l be-non the 17th JANUARY.
Forforthei u ir_nation, address any member of the
Facttllv, or i runtees
WILLIAM 0. WILKES, prest.
KH HARDT. ASBUUY, Sec y.
Forsyth, Ga., Jan l.t. IBSU. lau. r >
imiM.i ‘s UK BOUSE,
NO. ‘ll GREE CE STREET. Al lU STA, GA.
Established in 1352
L'oino all y<u kind people of the old State.
And 11-tc>i a lu ‘uu*nt to what I ream;
llH\n VOU heard ot DODGE S DYE HOUSE, the
Wb** t the Lxd - a ; * ny he 'an dye hair brown Y
j. [. : tl.i i .. c wheiu they are always dye ing but
V'"* to the cheuy red ;
TiTl n TlarV.'deoo l’ni-Wn Blue;
P. ,’ought wIP. u is Land to do:
A 0.l a . the coUna v-> woU and wi hto tiud -
TTu, i *ia .g.- t i*u t insc-o aroous by Joituy Lind ;
Gen*’ til* ui v>'L! C at and panto, he will Dye them
i (Lii i . i • I. non. and warrant them lot
W IT. il INK a unufactu e t at this Vstabl sh
, „ , ‘ j ,1. i. . Mr;. Bales rr Bags, sold at
Wbo i-ivi and ttetali.
... lir K. DODGH Prpr etor.
ONE HOOK BELOW THE
1]I,( II \\l(S’ KWh.
r\ , 0 f oHf. ( bought of the Executor cf tho
i . * >Mr H r 1 < ■> thar* arw a many articles
tt o.h-’ i ; • . lie * t liuriv u # which i carry on,
iv uh 1 ■ Li \ • ’.i i ult. at up ui future. Auiougtbe
x \ V vi? ■ Vmirp WKI.I, ANI> FORCR
i ! .p s v >;;N MILLIS 81 HAW GETTERS,
, i M t' t S ( ARPONTKRS’TOOLS,
Civr.sn 1 SAWN UR ADS, 0. 8.
•I 1 :1C IM.ABIBRINOT now
ILN DRAWING KSIVKB,
I t Li;s, HA *l*B, At*.
all pc? i'.< “ 1 bir;r t* buy auy of ito above men
l; , . 1 <*Hi -.lt >m cheawtr than ANY
4) ill ‘i 111 >l K m AuK’Jsta, and for less than was
pai . or Lh. m hi New York
I h aV (( now n t e a very line and full stock oi
H„ u .!►; Hardware*. Tiu Ware; Cook, I'arU-r and
>t x Mcvi'4 i u>tj> and Ilya ant rumps with Block
T i 1,*.. nil :-u- i .< 4 Iron Pipes and a general as
, , , o\ t>*v ( n then u e Fuiui hing line
at 1 -had be i ub r.v r c Iving adn tl mto it
’ , { \ x „ni!; • .nb •• aro respectfullv invited to
, VI , o <t ! vi i -nt s>• iheaifte ves that 1 a;n celling
,b *’ T.i ... . 11 j. Bi’anAsm
uuKSMii mum
•lli: nudei igu*d profeisM to care Dropsy of every
i 4 r.-'v ll can re areo per* nally live tni’ea
‘ ol i on P. mi. or addressed by let er to Union
\ tin ,'.ie cvi •: y,Ga The m and ome can be sent
,■ ,v w . o v i... rcv*l. w ;th direct ous for giving it; or 1
u • i; ,l\'.rr-t'iauv, ir requested and paid tor my
[re 1: on v. s ors flit ted with Dropy. or
.. ~ u o rw i > may ;re or Kern t me lVu
1 a ni t wib . cad medicine cn>*ugh for one month.
MILES G. BROOME.
II s 1 1 certify that m\ father had a negro man at
♦V .<i v i>., :- v m 1853; be had been treated by
. ra > , xx ;ht'ui anv enre. when be applied
lo M u .w\ ,v; • tor his remed\ , which cured him. lie
ti:l livm< ai:d in good health.
II Champion,
Tni s * eertlfy that Iha t a negro woman badly al
-1v ih IJt ‘ r a cv l.■ .:e able tune. Nhe was
•: i v ta *vi to riake .
I | * *. J ifQi :.:o.aad p ut her under his
: it-r. V. and ,o. than a year sb* was ti oronghly
lasi Divait
Pe ifleld, CU mhnwtf
CHEROKEE LAND!
Great Bargain!!
Ima . i . I'LAS AT ION t.T *le
■ , .r, \Y bit fie and county, Hco , contain.l,34o
j .v v ,[ t jV’ \ Li> s within five or six m-les
t LV'r There are acres m cultivation and 3X)
. cleared. T o t.anais fresh, and not to be sur
1. anvw ’ F n f v cf i xcebert water— v prrg
? - t.'v • -c th’-on h it, givui \% eil. The Western
Jk At anti'* fcta* V - ad pa v’ thrc'ugh it, and a betiert tn
be-ed rr r . ,u. n cudo< Mily b* foued
; > ‘ .... i. .. and *ataiauli*E I>—vll’.ng
II ■. :x. n ‘~ I .airy ; B*rn. Tbreahar, and
,i; ~,b, i ... 7 , . ■ .nts.aa Ne.-ro llouaea. Ac.
TE:. :• , <a .... ‘•!. in t*rPT Oeorgi*.
y-K,} ~t; * A . (. SUTHERLAND,
my3l -wtf Dalton Q*o.
m mm mm\
the apprehension of my Boy WASHINGTON,
* w a ranaway abcot the 2f*Th of March iast Said
K ao n; i ‘yeaifCt ae. and a mu.atto ; is quite
p r *'v heait t the sma l finger and the one next to it,
his Wa cu; though* to v ” ol the iett hand, is a
L * • aktr t ▼ tr*d . and is very slow of speech w hen
s-v sen ; V. thought that he has a free pa*s, and is
iry■ vc * ’ ke h s v>y to the free States. The above
reward wi'u be g \*;. so the apprtrLensioa. w th proof to
nv*ct tov wh: e n of havingfUrxiUhed him with
tree rarea? nab'ac wdibep idfor
,:. il -vcy otN .* r.ber tr bvlged in anv jail so
trails*! him ISAAC RAMMY.
ODtaBlA C >*ty. Oi, April I*. 1640 I>W
BANKS’ BANKS'. LANDe LANDS!!
1 LABE** iukHito! lEebali uitm*uiTtra
ngEtA-NDt n ..-ulliera lieorg.* .nd e.se,here .□
.7> r& -. 7 - to J.t-KK, .to suit i rcfe.(er*. Also,
uo i d:'. t> 1 f- ■ ■ -''(Ttiu (, nd. witß cir
lt , . . t; very i. w n-.eti: vb.tlieiJcorgil
Lied OiEcr. Aojru.'ti
u ’ ( t!;e Augas'V blrmntii, Aiccu. lad til*
Cbi- est.’b m3 rt - t>orJ ,i:,p*ndni Biuls.will bo U
v „ .. nirmaot*t H*r moe Nc.ron willt, nkco !•
* tiic * a* ■“ * b P r '- M ‘He"** l
* , . df.cir.iß. f loruing inuimti or tuxVm*
. . v ti •• i-J UK iLou interest to ci.l it
“ /r.rr.oßiiiiiO An*iiu Oi
•“T 1 ™- . JAMES M DAVISON.
Llßd Agent lad ReC EUte Broker
aT.i* Si-KI AL P ubU* Bcntliiy it lW faitoo
hTOoKJOL 1 _ yMr . bi*t:ciiuen copies
at ©a w > fetfi wtf
ff*Uß~-acnd aad gl Oßtf - .--i.aa-iLL
• ii if 1 i li. a. 2Sa r rl. (ss
/<v<v<> j ‘ ‘ \ J|’ | |’
QSbroradf &
From the Traveller, of Friday.
Honor* to Mr. Choate.
In Kanettil Ha l to day, the citizen s of Boston
i ;md vicinity assembled in large numbers, to Cos
I honor to the memory of him who baa .vbed so much
| honor on hie native New England, and make due
I arrangement for e participation in the lunera* cere
t iconic l - ‘A the cy>mingday. There was a great Jeal
(o remind one of the similar scene, but a few years
; ago, when Everett, and Hiilard, and S evenaon.
| and tbeir compeers spoke to a similar auoimee ot
i :he vir ues and services of another of the immoral
men of our times.
j The galleries were reserved for ladies and those
I attending ttem, up to 12 o'clock, and a large num
; her of ladies availed themselves of the opportunity.
The Jioor of the hall was crowded.
| The appearance of tte bah was remarkable and
; strangely -n.sual Every window was covered
with black alpacca to exclude tbe sunlight. The
gartourners were blazing, and thus it seemed as if
| evening had usurped the place of noonday From
the centre of the ceiling to the capitals ot the pi!-
| lira, all along the fre nts of the galleries, winding up
! the tali columns, and covering tbe rostrum and tbe
j gi.d*-d work, and frames behind it, were festoons
and draperies of black alpacca and white bunting
mixed and iuterranged.
The gi.ded gasburners peeped out from coverii gp
of black, ar*d the great eagle over the clock wore
his emblems of mourning, and held drooping from
his mouth draperies ot fcombrj hue. Only one un
accustomed ornament was in the hall—there was
no device, no inscription, but at the right of the
platform r.n tbe face of the little pillar which sup
ports tbe side !*gbt, w/vs an oil portrait ot Mr
Choate—one of the only three that were ever paint
el ot him.
At about 12 o'clock the Mayor and committee of
prominent citizens entered the hall and took their
places on the platform. Hon J T. Steveneon arose,
and alter caning the meeting to order, made an
address.
Mayor Lincoln then spoke, and was followed r ; y
the Ho *. F W. Chandler, who concluded by offer
ii g the following preamble and resolution :
In the all wire operations of the Diviue Provi
dence, our ais!it.go shed fellow citizen, Kufus
Choate, has been rein ve<l from tbe na’ural world,
and we have assembled in Kaneuil Hall, without
distinction ot political party or of religious sect, to
do honor to his memory. On an occasion Ike this
our words should be few. it is not necessary to
?p-‘ak of the unsurpassed genius of one whose name
is lamiiiar in evtry part ot our country to recall
his patriotism within these walls, wnich have so
olten resounded to his stirring appeals ; o * to dwell
on his vaet acquirements, hi* matchless eloquence,
his professional zeal, his ufiseilish devotion to every
trust reposed in him, and his childlike simplicity
and unaff-cted medeety—among those who have
b> en his neighbors and friends, his clients and bis
admirers, during the whole period o i his profes
sional career —
The name that and wells on every ton 6 ue.
No minstrel needs !
We mourn that we shall see him no more in
these tabernacles of flesh ; but we rejoice that he
died in the full maturity of his powers ; that his
eye was not dim nor his natural lorce abated, and
that bis end was gentleness and peace.
Ilf solved, That we tender to his family our earn
est and resuectful sympathy in their great bereave
ment, to request perm Hsion to attend the remains
of our departed fuend to their last resting place in
the grave.
Mr. Everett was called upon to respond. We
quote :
If ever there was a truly disinterested patriot
Ruins Choate was that man In Lis political career
theie was no shade of selfishness. Had he been
willing to purchase advancement at the price often
paid sci it, there was n**x *r n moment, from the lime
he first made him-eit leii a. and known, that he could
not. have commanded ai > ihing whch any party
could bestow. Hut he desired cone of the rewarcs
or honors of success.
On the contrary he, not o >ly for individual self,
regarded office aa a burden—an obstacle in the wav
of the cultivation of his professional and literary
tastes —but he held that ot necessity, and in conse
quence of the strong tendency o! our parties to as
eunie a sectional c haracter, conservative opinions,
se*kir.g to moderate between the extremes which
agitate the country, must of necessity be in the mi
nority ; that it was the. ‘•miesiou'’ of men who bold
such opinions, not to fill honorable and lucrative
posts, which are unavoidably monopolized by active
leaders, but to speak prudent words on great occa
sions, wbion would command the respect if they do
not enlist the sympathies of both the conflicting
parties, and insensibly iLllue ce the public mind,
lie comprehended and accepted the position; he
knew that it was one liable to be misunderstood,
and sure to be misrepresented at the time ; but not
less sure to be ju-tified when the interests and pas
sions of the day are buried beneath the clods of the
valley.
But this ostracism, to which his conservative
opinions condemned him. produced not a shade of
bittern*** in his feelings. His patriotism was as
cheerful as it was interne. He regarded our con
federated Republic, with wonderful adjustment
of State > nd Federal organization, the States hear
ing the buruen and descending to the details of local
administra ion, the General Government moulding
the whole into oue geueral nationality, and repre
sen’ing it in the family of nations, as the most woo
ds! ful phenomenon m the political history of the
world.
Too much of a statesman to join the unreflecting
dispaiagement with which other greaat forms of
national policy are olten spoken of in this country,
he )et considered the oldest, tie wisest and the
most successful of them, *he British Constitution,
a* alar less wonderful political system than our
confederated republic.. The territorial extent of
the country; the beautiful play into each other of
its great commercial, agricultural and manufactur
ing interests ; the material prosperity, the advance
roent in arts, and letters, and manners already
made; the capacity tor further indefinite progress
m this vast theatre of action, in which Providence
has placed the Ang o American race : —stretching
from the Atlantic to the Pacific, from the Arctic
circle t the tropics, were themes on which he
dwelt, as none but he could dwell; and he believed
that w ith patience, with mutual foibearance, with a
willingness to think that our brethren, however
widely we may differ from them’ may be as honest
aud patriotic an ourselves, our common country
would eventually reach a height of prosperity of
which the wor.d as yet has seen no example.
With such gifts, such attainments, and such a
spirit, Lc placed himself es a matter of course, not
merely at the bead of the mists and advocates, but
ot the public spoakereof the country. After listen
ing to him at the bar, in the Seuate, or upon the
academic or popular platform, you felt that you had
heard the bes that could be said in either place.—
The ma-tery which he displayed at the forum and in
the deliberative assembly was not less conspicuous
in every other form of public address.
Aa happens in moat cases ot eminent jurists and
statesmen possessing a brilliant imagination and
aide to adorn a severe course of reasoning with
the charms of a glowing fancy or a sparkling style,
it was said of him, as it. was said before him ot
Krskioe, of Ames and Pinckney—that he was more
ot a rhetorician than a logioiau, that he dealt in the
words and figures of speech more thau in facts or
argument These are the invidious comments, by
which dull or prejudiced men seek to disparage
those gitts which are turthereat from their own
reach.
it is perhaps by his discourses on academical and
popular occasions that he is most extensively
Known in the community, as it is these which were
listened to with delighted admiration by the largest
audience. He loved to treat a pure literary theme;
Mid he knew how to throw a magic freshness—
i ke the cool morning dew on a cluster of purple
j. rn p t . __ OV er the most familiar topic at a patriotic
celebration. Some of these occasional performances
wdl * ver be held among the brightest gems of our
literature.
The eulogy on Daniel Webster at Dartmouth
College, iu which he mingled at once all the light of
his genius and all the warmth of his heart, has,
within my knowledge, never been equalled among
the pertorm&nces of its class in this country fur
sympathetic appreciation of a great man, disciimi
nating analysis of character, fertility of illustration,
weight of sentimeut, aud a style at once chaste,
nervous aua briili&ut. The long sentence which
have been criticised in ‘his, as iu other perform
ances, are like those which Dr. Channiog admired
and commended lu Milton’s prose—well compacted,
lull ot uieauiug, fit vehicles for great thoughts.
But he does not deal exclusively in those ponde
rous sentences. Jhfre is nothing of the artificial
Johnsonian balance in his style. It is as otteu
marked by a pregnant brevity as by a sonorous
amplitude. He is sometimes satisfied in concise
epigramatic clauses, to skirmish with his light troops
and drive in the enemy’s out-posts. It is only on
fittiug occasions when great piinoiples are to be
vindicated aud solemn truths told; when some mor
al . r pollcal Waterloo or S jiferiuo is to be/ought,
that he puts on the entire panoply of the gorgeous
rhetoric.
It is> then that b'.e m?jeetio eenteccep swell to the
dimensions of his thought; that you hear afar eff
the awful roar of the r tied ordiuaucc. and when he
has stormed the heights aud broken the center, and
trampied the squares, and turmd the struggling
fringe of hie adversary, that he sounds his imperial
clarion along ihe whole liue of bat'ie, and moves
forwatd with ail hie hoete, in one overwhelming
charge.
At this beautiful figure, forcibly and eloquently
expressed as it was, the audience could no longer
restrain the expression of iheir appreciation, aui
busrt forth into continued applause, which ceased,
ad was renewed a second time.
Our frieud was, in all the personal relations of life,
xhe most unselfish and disinterested ol men. He
reaped but littie fame, where he ought to have
leaped both fame ami fortune. A career which in
Eug ana would have been crowned witu atHuence,
ana probably with distinguished rank and office,
found him at 00 chained to the tread-mill of labo
rious practice.
He might, iudeed, be regarded as a martyr to his
profession. He gave to it bis time, his strength,
and neglecting due care of regular bodily exercise
aud occasional entire relaxtion. he might be said to
have given to it hia life, lie assumed racking
anxieties land feverish excitement of his clients
From the Courts where he argued the causes en
iiusted to him, with all the energy of his intellect,
rousing into corresponding action an overtasked
neivous system, these cares ana anxieties followed
him to He weariness of his midnight vigils, and un
rest of his sleepless pillow. In this way he led a
eng proferioml career, wern aud harrassed with
other men’s cares, and sacrificed ten added years
of professional usefulness to the intensity with which
he threw himself into the discharge of hia duties,
in tnicdie hte.
Nevermore in the temples of Justice—never
more ia the Senate chamber—never more in the
crowded assembly—never more in the consecrated
hail, where he so often held listening crowds in wrapt
admiration . shall we catch the unearthly glance of
his eye, or listen to the strange, sweet music of his
voice. To morrow *e shall follow him—the pure
•>atriot—the consummate iunst-the eloquent orator
—the honored citizen—the beloved friend, to the
las: reding place and who will not feel, as we lay
‘dm there, that a brighter genius and a warmer
heart are not left among .iving men
A UoosilH AT C#CRT.— Among our recent repre
sedatives abroad was a gentieman hailing from
the far West. Ou bis way to the scene of hi* di
plomatio labor be had occasion to visit Pans CaL
rng upon ihe worthy Virginiaged.emau who repre
soots us at the Court of Napoleon, he expressed a
special desire to “see Eugeny. He was ip.ormed
that Sunday was the reception day of the fc.mprese,
and that our Minister to France wouid have B re^l
pleasure in presetting him on that day. Ai. the
time appointe : our Western friend made his ap
pearacce equipped in the gorgeous uniform of a
ookmel of the ii*wa mLilia. lie was fermaLy
preesLted to the Emperor as the Honorable Mr.
H ank, fully accredited to the court or Blank The
u*uai formal salutation having been performed, he
was presented to the Empress.
•* I’*b proud to make your acquaintance.ma'am. ’
aaia our representative. “I've heard a great deal
of you, by a mootuai acquaintance of ourn, who’s
been a travelling in Yewrup. and seen putty much
all the men and wimmin that's worth knowiu ‘ He
s*avs the Emp’rer Nie’lae is the very fust man in
Yewrup the very fust by a long shot . an’ he says
| you're tie Lneet woman he ever saw—the very
finest. Tha* are mootual friend of ourn is Judge
Douglas, of Illinois ; *n\ I tell you he’s a fust rate
j udge of wimmin, he is. ’
Spurgeon, the great London gun, recent'y preach
ed tofjur acre* of kuman bfti if, U*t p4ot being
covered by hi* audience.
i Th- Kigho of Naturalized Citizen*.
The supple summerset of the Administration on
! the Naturalization platform has astonished the conn
, try. When Gen. Case, two months ago, distinctly
• annoucred to a na‘uralized ci ixen of Tennessee
I that Lie acquired citizenship here would not protect
him from impressment into the service of France
should he voiuntar.ly return to that, bis native
| country, tbe foreign born citizens of the United
States took alarm and were ruused to indignation.
They well asked themselves the qoeation. Is this
the peculiar love of the Democratic party for the
foreigner— r or the exotic ally who ha-i always fought
its ba ties and gained for it office and power? The
case was shown to be the more aggravated by
contrast with a precedent of the Fillmore Adminis
tration —an Administration bitterly opposed by at
l*a*t four-fiftis r *f the naturalized citizens of the
Uniied State**. While Mr. Fillmore was President,
the French Government seized one of its former
subjects vho had been naturalized here, on his
voluntary return to France, claiming of him mili
tary services due by reason of his having been
drawn In a conscription and having exiled hims If
to this country before performing tbe du'y thus re
quired by France. He was alarmed and offered
to pay a large sum of mo;-ey as a substitution ; bat
the American consul at Marseilles would not allow
him o do this, took his case in band energetically,
main'aioiDg a lcag controversy and litigation witn
the French authorities, an 1 finally procured his
release and a vindication of the rights of acquired
American citizenship. Mr. Everett. Mr Fill i ore’s
becretary of .State, in a letter of approval and con
gratulation to the consul, wrote:
“Ir i much to be desired that this case may be
’ omidered aa a precedent, as you intimate, and that
hereatter natura ized citizens of the United States
may vieit France without danger cf arrest for tuili
tarv service.’’
No wonder that, after this signal vindication of
their rights during the Administration of a Whig
President, the naturalized citizens should have been
excited by the surrender on the part of a Democrat
ic Administration of the point gained. Hon. John
Minor Botts, of Virginia, atruca tbe first blow
against the Cass doctrine. A arge number of the
foreign-born citizens of New York, having an inti
mation of Lis dissent from the conclusion of tbe Ls-
Clerc letter, united in soliciting his views for publi
cation. In reply, he took very strong grounds
against. Gen Cess’ imbecile policy-, argued the
question lucidly and convincingly to show that there
could be no half and half allegiance, and protested
against the aurreuder of any rights ot American
citizenship, though acquired by naturalization.—
Still the Administration would not retractor correct
its enor;Gen Cass wro'e still another letter,
somewhat modifying but substantially reaffirming
hia former decision ; many of the Democratic press
es of the country took issue with Mr. butts; and
the prospect for a time was that the Dsmocratic
party would accept the Cass doctrine as an inter
national understanding.
Bnt, the dissatisfaction of the foreign-born De
mocracy grew apace. In nearly al! the large citities
they repudiated aud denounced t e Casa surrender;
Tammany Hall repudiated it; Judge Dougias re
pudiated it; Gov. Wise repudiated it; and from
the States in wnich elections are shortly to be hel j
came wails loud and bitter of the injury which it
was doing by driving off the foreign vote. A
Kentucky Democrat wrote to the Richmond En
quirer that in that State not a single Democrat
could be elected to Congress if the LeClerc letter
was not atoned for. What was to be done 1 Just
what the present Administration has always done
to appeaxe popular clamor. Having “weakened
in the knees” when it surrendered the right upheld
by Fib more, it was seized with still greater trepida
tion when it beheld these manifestations of popular
sentiment at home, and by a spasmodic effort it
feebly attempted to regain the lost position. Its
very latest declaration is that the Filiua re prece- #
dent will be maintained ! Like poor old Kin* Lear
iu his tribulations, rather thau fly into the “raging
sea,” it Would “turn aud meet the bear i’ the
OK'Uth.”
It remains to be seen what effect this sudden
change of front will have, first upon the indignant
naturalized Democracy, aud secondly upon the
European States claiming the right to impress
them for military services if they catch them back
in the ‘ faderland.” —Columbus Enqr.
Expatriation of Gen. Pnez.
The telegraph announced the arrival at Philadel
phia from Yenezue’a of Gen. Paez, he having be
come disgusted with the anarchical condition of his
native country. Before leaving he issued the fol
lowing
FAREWELL ADDRESS :
General Paez to his Fellow Citizens ;
Recalled to my country by the National Conven
tion, I have enjoyed the satislactlon of passing
several months amongst you. I;heartiiy embraced
the principles proclaimed by the revolution of
March, and especially that which raises to a dogma
the reconciliation of all ihe Venezuelans, excited
my enthusiasm. To the prac icai application of
that principle I have devoted my words, my writ
ings, and all my efforts. You have seen me frater
nizing with men of all parties, aud I am proud to
say that I received from all of them a generous
welcome, far beyond my expectation. I wanted to
serve you, not so much with my sword aa with my
advice. I would give with pleasure my life for your
tranquility, could my own blood have been suffi
cient to calm those who shed the precious blood of
the Venezuelans.
But my words and my example, my conciliating
conduct, the respect 1 always paid to the govern
ment, and my cordial anxiety for your peace, have
beeu of no avail for the benefit of the country.—
Political passion and the hatred of parties speak
louder thau my humble voice, and I am condemn
ed to witness your misfortunes, unable to remedy
them.
But what makes my regret deeper, is to observe
that, with premeditated malice, and without inter
ference or the participation of the contending
bands, the rumor is surmised that my presence is
obnoxious to you. A form is given to such a ru
mor iu printed sheets. Other means, still more un
worthy, are employed to create distrust, to excite
hatred aud to lessen my reputation ; to accomplish
this end, fallacious reports aud proclamations are
spread.
Perhaps the interest I take on your behalf blinds
me to think that the presence of a citizen who loves
you, served you faithfully, aud whose ouly ambition
is your peace, your reconciliation and the prosperi
ty f the republic, may be obnoxious to you. But
i must yield to the circumstances; and, guided ou
one side by the voice of patriotism, and being un
willing ou the other to eee my name brought for
ward as a pretext for unpatriolio plans, I have de
termined to go agaiu to foreign countries. There is
no sacrifice great enough for me if it contributes to
vour welfare. Accept, therefore, my self denial as
the best proof ot affection 1 can give you.
My fellow citizens, I depart with regret from
amongst you, perhaps forever. If death should
overtake me in a strange laud, my last thought and
my last wishes will be for the happiness of our coun
try. Her misfortunes have increased my love for
her. From the distant home winch destiny reserves
to the last year of my life, I will share your happi
ness, if you ever become happy j I will lament your
misfortunes, if you continue to be unhappy.
Fellow-citizens! Hear once more ihe vioce of
my heart: Do not deairoy each other ;do not rav
age the beautiful country the Almighty has given
you ; let those who govern you be observant of the
Constitution and laws ; let the people use with
wisdom their invaluable rights; let those bloody
revolutions, the stigma cf Spanish America, take
place no more in our country
It is all you want to re appear before the world
as a prosperous nation. Such is the best reward
that you may graut me—the only one I ask from
you as a recompense lor my new expatriation.
J. A. PAF.2.
Brutality in the Army.— Private Alecson
Bently, of Company K., Ist Dragoons, convicted
of desertion aua horse stealing, was sentenced by a
court martial, recently in session at Fort Buchanan,
“to receive fifty lashes with a coAhide on the bare
back, to be confined at hard labor until January,
18()2, heavily ironed, to lorfeit all pay due him, to
have his head shaved, and be branded with a red
hot iron with the letter D. to be drummed out of
the service and receive a dishonorable discharge.”
Such a eentence a? this is a disgrace to the army
and tbe country, aud the individuals who imposed
it ought to be driven out of the service as unworthy
to wear the United States uniform. The man thu3
punished stole a horse and deserted. Men steal
horses in all parts of the country nearly every day,
and when they are caught, are imprisoned lor it.
No oue thinks, outside ot the army, ot adding heavy
irons, or of whipping the back with a raw hide, in
addition to the punishment of imprisonment. Such
supplementary debasing punishmeuts are surely not
for the purpose of reform, the end and aim ot all
punishment, when it is not to gratify revenge or
bate. Because the man was of no use to tbe army,
that was no reason why he should be debarred being
ever afterward of any use to himself, by having a
mark of shame branded indelibly upon h 8 cheek
with a hot iron. If he was unfit lor the service, the
service was well rid of him when he deserted, and
taking the trouble to catch him and inflict so many
personal and brutal indiguities upon him merely to
expel him again, was a most wanton abuse of pow
er, which tells more to the disgrace of the officers
who sentenced him than it does to the individual
thus inhumanly degraded. Everywhere it eeemsto
be the same, on shipboard, in the army, wherever
absolute authority prevails, there is cruelty and
brutality, and there the spirit of devilish revenge
usurps the prerogative of justice, and gratifies its
own malice on the plea of the setting an example of
proper subordination and discipline essential to
duty and public service. —Phila Ledger.
Improvements is the Americas Navy.—Oq
some accounts, it is an advautsge that the American
Navy is eo small in the number of ships. The in
troduction ot steam has rendered a large portion of
the sailing vessels of England and France perfectly
useless, and thns we do n t lose anything t>y being
behind the times, and shall be able to build up a
a navy with the latest improvements of naval
efficiency. There remains only one test to be
applied to the introduction of steam in naval
operations, and that is, the very important test of
actual conflict With the exception of a sudden
dash made by the Russians upon a Turkish squadron,
in the Crimean war, there has been no battle of
single ships, or of fleets in which steam was employ
**d. We saw something of the efficiency of steam
in a chase, in the manner in which the British steam
gunboats, a year ago, overhauled American mer
chantmen in the Gulf, on the pretence of putting
down the slave trade ; but the world has not yet
seen a battle between two steam gunboats, sloops,
frigates,ships-of the-line, or squadrons There is,
therefore, as yet, no light of experience to show what
will be the precise effects of the introduction of
of ste am in naval vvartare. In the opinions, how
ever, of naval men—the only competent judges—
side-wheel war-steamers will be of very little ac
count, except for towing purposes, and propellers
the only kind of steam vessels on which reliance—
as lighting machines—can be placed.
One point, which seems probable enough, is that
a sea fight wid be hereafter a matter of short dura
tion. It will be no longer a struggle, like that of
sailing vessels, continuing hours, sometimes half a
viay. sometimes mere. The seamanship and to
mance of naval chivalry will probably be dispelled
by steam , one or two well direc*ed broadsides of
D&hlgrene or Armstrong guns will sink the largest
snip, and the mere collision of the vessels, when
they prepare to board, will send one or both to the
bottom. Such are the calculations of naval meD,
which, in tne event of war between England and
France, would speedily be tested. We have already
given an account of Ihe monster non steam ram. es
over six thousand tons, now building for the Eng
lish navy, and which is expected to go butixnc
around the seas, and sinking everything that does
not get out of its way. When all these costly ex
perimente are tried by the still more costly ordeal
of war. the United States, if it has sense enough to
keep out of the melee, will obtain a good deal of
useful information in a very economical manner.—
Richmond Dispatch.
Nine Millions worth or Dry Goods in a
Fortnight —Flora McFlimsey thinks there is do
daiger of another “ panic*’ for ten years to come,
and so she continues to buy up the silks, satins and
ve.vete of Europe, with a ireedom that would seem
to argue a conviction of “ flush times” in the
meanwhile. The dry goods entries at the New
York Custom House the current week amount to
nearly five mi.lions of dohars, which is nearly a
million in excess of the entries for the week before.
Tee total for the lortnight is nearly nine millions of
dollars. The exact figures are $8,987,823 —Xew
York Express, Saturday.
A Brace of Trouble*.—An old lady, when ;old
ol her husband s death, exclaimed, ‘Weil, I declare,
our troubles don’t never come alone. It aint a
week since I lost my best hen. and now Mr. Hopper
has gone too, poor naan- ‘
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 3, 1859.
PEAR CULTURE IN THE SOUTH,
j An Essay, written at the request of the Aiken Vine
Growing Asucintxon , of South. Carolina , and
, r*ad before that body on Thursday, JvlyTih,
I E Bckckm ans, of Augusta, Ga.
; Mr Chairman:— By resolution of the Society,
i communication of which has beeu sent to me. June
j 16tb, you have appointed me to prepare an “Essay
j on the culture of the Pear.”
j The duty conferred upon me by said resolution
should be more thankfully accepted if I felt
myself be'ter qualified to carry oat the view* of
the Society. However, I think to be abe to throw
some light upon the sutject, by the result of over
thirty yea s experience in the fruit culture, on this
and on the other side of the Atlantic, and by my
almost exclusive attention given to the Pear culti
vation in the South during tne past two years.
The object of the Society in calling up the eub
jset of the Pear Culture, is undoubtedly to discuss
thoroughly tbe advantage?, inconveniences, profits,
and drawbacks of the cultivation of that class of
fruit, iu reference to its value a3 a market pro
duce, and as a'reliable crop among the different
fruit crops.
In taking this view of tbe subject, our first duty
must be to divest ouree:ves of ad prejudices in dis
cussing matters of public interest; and as the pro
duction of such an important class of fruits as the
Pear is at tue eve ot assuming large proportions, I
r-auDot but highly approve the opportunity of put
ting the question before the public under tbe s&nc
t on cf your authority, ?7ith a view to epen the field
to impartial discussions and informations.
The culture of every comparatively new or not
sufficiently tested fruit or cereal, destined to occupy
a prominent place upon our markets, aDd to exer
cise a marked influence upon tbe general diet of
the people, is well worth the earnest consideration
of the Agricultural and Horticultural Societies of
the Union. It is, in case ot success, a benefit con
ferred upon the community, and, in case of failure,
heavy losses of time and money saved ; for individ
ual prejudices and hobbies, not to say anything
about less worthy motivee, are bard to be over
come ; aud were it not for such unique and far
famed institutions as the American Agricultural
and Pomclogical Societies, the cow almost cleared
field ot pomology should be a wilderness of confused
notions, inaccu ate informations, and, worse than
a 1 that, of bitter pereona.ities and disputations,
where light ana impartiality could h‘ rdiy be ex
pected to find their way.
Much as the Bornological Isociety has done for
the selection and promotion of good fruits, we c in
cot expect to fiua among its documents sufficient
information in regard to tbe South, where, indeed,
the Cultivation of the Fear is still in its infancy.—
Even in the North it is, and will be for some time
to come, a much controverted subject— the result
of which has been a general uneasiness, misgivings
and doubts in repaid to the probability of raising
large crops of Bears ; aid considering so many
should have to be discussed, so many objections to
be overcome, cur task becomes more difficult, and
our wish to be brief and concise muet yield to the
necessity of conveying all po sible information.
To proceed in a regular and logical order, w e
have to indicate the principal points to be discussed
in due succession, and in regard to their respective
importance.
1. The first question to be examined seems to be :
Is the Pear Tree, os a standard or as a dwaif, suit
ed to th-s South as far as Florida and Louisiana ?
2. The second is : Can it be cultivated with profit
to a certain extent 1
3. Third : Is it durable, and not more exposed
to diseases than other products !
4. Fourth : Can we expect to sell the crops with
prospects of regular profits ? Then what varieties
and seasons are to be selected for the market ?
What soils and aspects, local conditions, ma
nures and treatment are the be3t to insure a suc
cessful Cultivation of the Pear ?
If I am not mistaken, these must be the main
points to be examined in making up an ess'}’ —not
a treatise. Around those main questions other re
marks will occasionally find place.
It must be welt understood that the Pear Tree is,
all things considered, oi a more refined, and conse
quently of a more delicate and weak constitution
tnan the Apple, Peach and the Cherry—the im
proved Pear Tree of our modern times is so far
removed from the original wild parent found in the
forests of the oli continent, aa to be altogether a
different thing, and hardly bearing any likeness to
that original wild type. Long since have I sup
posed that this may be the cause of its weaker and
more refined habits; for, we all know that the
more we make plants aud trees recede from their
original type, the more they become delicate and
subject to various diseaees. This law of nature is
universal, and in accordance to it, the more lefined
tbe fruit, the flower or the foliage, the more deli
cate will be the plant. This rule admits of but few
exceptions.
But let the caupe De what it may, it is a generally
acknowledged fact, that the Pear Tree is more
fastidious, less harey, and requires a better manage
ment than most all other fruit trees. It succeeds,
however, w here almost any Iruittreo of the tempe
rate zone do succeed, and it seems rather to be
suited to a more Southern latitude than to the
Northern States. More Pear Trees are killed by
the mediate or immediate effects of the severe
frosts of the North than by any other cause, acting
larther South. The blight, almost the only fatal
disease inherent to the Pear Tree, i i not worse here
than iu any other part of the Union, whilst the
ravages of intense cold winters are never wit
nessed here.
That the Pear Tree seems to feel better at home
this side of Mason Dixson’s line, is proved to
me by three facts which 1 have closely observed
during the last three years. The first remark is,
that weak and outworn varieties, only fitted for
Espaliers, in their native climate, and but ill adap
ted to the severe winters of the North, are in fine
condition here iu Georgia.
I'he other fact is, that some European varieties,
although very new or of recent origin, will not do
in the North, while they recover ail their native
strength and beauty here.
The third remark applies to the size and quality
of the fruit which, iu most all cases, is superior iu
the South to what I have ever witnessed it to be iu
other parts. My seedlings show their propensities
or characters sooner; their maturity is promoted in
less lime ; their foliage is often double the size of
what I found it to be in the North, especially
many of the iuedited but most prominent seedlings
of Van Mons and Dr. Bainkle.
In regard to the Southern limits to be assigned to
the Pear, I have not heard of a climate where it
did not grow. I had occasion to unpack and to
plant the Pear Trees sent to our worthy Pomologiat
Dr. Brinckle, in Philadelphia, as varieties from
Brazil, Peru and Mexico; they were esteemed
there as fine fruits, but they only proved to be in
ferioi varieties of the old catalogues when growing
here. This is another conclusive fact in regard to
the adaotedness of the Pear to the very lowest
latitude, as the same result took place iu that in
stance, to wit: tbe improvement of an inferior sort
to a fruit of good quality. To quote a few facts, I
will state that the Bartlett is decidedly better here
than in New York or Pennsylvania; that the White
Doyenne is more hardy, more certain, and rather
too rich ; the Flemish beauty, the Pratt, the Buf
fum, the Van Asscbe, are larger and better here
than in the North. So with most all the Pears I
had occasion to test in Georgia and South Carolina,
except the old Winters Pears.
Varieties of doubtful qualify in the North, aa the
Partum Aout, Fondante de Semtembre, Belließime
D’Ete, Belle de Bruxelles, which I found to be of
uncertain or of second quality iu Boston, New York
aud New Jersey, are aimestof first quality in my
grounds in Georgia. So much for the influence of
a Southern temperature upon the Pear. And, as for
the so much dreaded action of the Southern sun
upon the bark, let me remark that I found it not to
be sj prejudicial as it is commonly thought to be. I
have planted all sorts ot trees and some with highly
denuded bodies ; I have not found any of them to
suffer from that *auee. The only pernicious effects
in such cases is owing to the iash process efsudden
ly removing tne protecting limbs from a fruit tree,
When the body has not been exposed and inured,
from its early youth, to the Southwestern rays of the
sun.
That the Pear Tree will and must succeed upon
the quince stock, I have most satisfactory and con
vincing proofs—provided the quince stock be not
exposed to the air aud sun. Asa tree or a bush, the
quince tree is not so weak—it is then complete in
its organism; bat checked and deprived in its or
ganic structure, it becomes feeble and liable to
diseases. When the quince stock, below the bud,
is destroyed by worms, it is owing to one of the
following causes:
1. Uufitneßsof the buddiug variety to grow well
upon the quince stock. (We have maDy of these.)
2. Exposure of stcck, or too deep planting.
3. Excess of moisture or want of proper food in
the soil.
4. The vicinity or presence of old decayed wood,
roots or sticks, carelessly dug in with the tree when
planted.
In ail these cases it is sickness, either inherent or
accidental. Once fairly started, there is no more
danger for the dwarfed tree.
And now we must examine the much contraverted
subject: Can the Pear be grown with profit ?
This is rather a complicated question, and I do
not know how to answer it as briefly as I should
wish to do. As far as my personal conviction is
concerned, I have no hesitation in replying in the
affirmative, provided we stick to the following
rules:
1. The selection of a proper soil. All soils are not
suited to the Pear Tree.
2. A locality sufficiently free from excessive
moisture, and rather rolling than too level and flat.
3. The judicious and careful seieotion of hardy,
handsome, productive and goyd varieties, selling
not ody as good, but also as fair and inviting fruit.
4. The selection of stock. Some pears, if not all.
growing upon the quince, a’e belter upon that
B‘ock than upon the tree or wild Pear stock. No
Pears are nor were ever good upon the Hawthorne,
Amelanchier, Mountain Ash, dec. We have tried
that twenty years ago, and never succeeded in
producing any good fruit, although we made trees
grow flnely for ike first two or three years.
5. The proper attention and care bestowed to the
tree, which must be more than that given to the
Apple, Peach or Plum. Next to the Grape, the
Pear requires the greatest attention and skill. It is
not everybody’s business to raise handsome fruit,
and to form trees which, in a season of abundance,
will have their fruit so equally set and distributed
all over the tree as not to split and break the limbs,
as is so often the case.
Let us remark that the greatest care is only
needed when the tree is very young. After it ia
onoe well shaped and sets to bearing, it sends out
less rack wood and takes better form and habits.
It wouid take more words than I can compress
in an eesay to lay down the rules of judicious pru
ning, without which there is no future for the Pear
Tree, at least in most cases, and among the most
refined sorts. We mast confine ourselves to a few
remarks upon the prefits and the choice of varieties
suited to the market. In the vicinity of Boston,
lor ins:ance, most handsome profits are realized
I’iOm the Pear crops. Although, judging from the
quantity of Pears grown around that city, we
should deem the market to be overstocked, still
Pears sell in Boston from 50 cents to over $1 a
dozen. Some cities, as Philadelphia, have only a
few inferior Pears in the market, and would pay
any price if they could get these in some quantity.
Two years ago the editor of the Horticulturist wrote
me: “ Much ia written about Pears, but we cannot
buy any in our Philadelphia market—piease let me
have some, for love, for begging, or for money!”
In fact the Pear is considered such an aristocratic
fruit, sis I may use that term), that those who grow
them keep them for their own family, friends and
visitors, as one of the finest luxuries. I have seen
as much as $43 paid for a dozen of handsome Pears
in Boston (in December). No party is fashionable
among amateurs without at least one fine dish of
Pears Messrs. Hovey, Austin, and many others,
sell Pears in large quantities, with very handsome
returns. From New Jersey, Western and North
western New York, large quantities are sent to
New Y’ork city. Col. John Hebron, in Mississippi,
makes hifl Pear Trees pay, and over. And when
we consider that Pears, to be good , must be picked
a few days before ripe, it seems just the article for
transportation to distant markets I have no doubt
I can pick fine full grown Bartletta, psek them in
barreus. send them to New Y’ork, or Quebec, or
Havana, aud when they will be at the port of des
tination, and leisurely unpacked, they wili just be
in the very beet condition to go to the market or to
the table In regard to the facility and security
for, and the very improvement of the fruit by tr&cs
ponation, no other fruit can compare with the Pear,
Dot even Oranges and Lemons—the Pear and some
Apples being the only fruit which requires p eking
from six to eight days before maturing, to bring it
up to its true quality. To make a Pear orchard
pay. we need only the necessary skill and care, a
well cultivated soil, and a climate where the bud is
not exposed to be killed by 20 degrees below 0, or
by the uncertain epiings of the North. We have
not to care about markets—for such fruit they are
everywhere, because it bears, and rather demands
transportation
I Le*. those who have th® time, skill and a
j little paUttnc v TfV-the experiment. They will find
out that a weliplanted aid Wei directed Pe-vr Tree
1 comes into bearing sooner than an Apple, and at
; most as soon iu- a Peach TrdF —that in this climate
I the crops are more regular Mod certain—that the
! Pear Tree can be cocsileredae an annual bearer,
while Applee are not, and Peaches are very uncer
tain. Tnr* sea on of bloflaonacg f r the hundreds of
varieties of Pears is so protracted, that on y a score
out of a hundred will be in Woesom when a spring
frost sets in, and the others will either have set their
fruit or be dorman , aud conseq iently out of dan
ger, with an ordinary slight spring frost. I have
reasons to consider the bl saco sos a Pear Tree
moie hardy then that of a Poach or Apricot. Few
worms a‘ie.k tne Fear—the rot, tbe oidiim aud
the curculio are strangers to it.
But is a Pear Tree lasting ? I have seen many
a Peai Tree over a century old. anti with proper
care and management it will last as long ns auy
other fruit tree. As I stated before, the diseases
are mosiiy confined to tbe blight, which affects
some var.etiea more thaicothers —the old va’ielies
more :ha:i the new oms. YVe tan, in the ac ual
state ot science, not even indicate a remedy, but
we cannot ascertain tbe origin and cause (or causes)
which produce that troublesome disease. All I
have been * oie to do is to direct my attention and
etadie* to the wood, ioliage ani general characters
wh ch seem to render a given variety more liable to
the disease. Toe class of Bartlett foliage aud bark
seems to be the most exposed, as I remark in the
very seedlings bearing these characters. So is tbe
Clout Moreau and ihe Vicar—notwithstanding that
the bark and foliage are very distinct in the three
varieties. Tu prevent disease in old tree-* is
impossible—lor young trees there is a better
chance—iloee watching and pruning, the prompt
removal of the diseased wood, 1. ngitudinal inci
sions when the appearance of tha bark is not sound
a good supply of tpecial wood forming manure®,
are the best means, if not to preveDt the blight al
together at least to stop its larther progress, and
in moat cases the tree can be saved
YVe have, it is true, a diminutive borer, which
sets in just above a bud or a spar, and working
down a lew inches, circles or girdles ihe wood from
lueideout. and destroys part cf a limb in grow iug,
or the body in very email trees But this insect i•*
scarce, and only injures part ot the wood or unsound
trees. I fouu i active in-somo s .rubs, as the
Spireas, Deuteias, Seryugoe, and ch t fly in the La
geretrounia. Among thousands of youug Pear Trees
in my grounds, perhaps pot sis y have suffered from
that ir sec s , and those were only partly injured. The
blight wili be found the worst in rich bottom so ls,
where the tree takes up too much ammonia instead
of the proper constituents of the wood and organa
of tbe tree—those are ashes, lime phospate, iron,
silicates, plaster cr gypsum. Tho3e substances,
wbb the carbou of the atmosphere, form the proper
barfis and food of all the Ammonia and ni
trogen, promoting a toj luxutianr growth and no
rosity of the ba:k, seem also to promote the blight.
I have been told by Mr. Downing that seasons Lave
beeu witnessed at the North when at least every
tenth Pear Tree was destroyed or injured by the
blight. Still, Pear growers have not beenjJiseoin
aged; and, indeed, it never has proved a disease
es fatal and destructive as tbe borers, the yellows,
the black knot, and the ravages of the curculio,
fioin which the Pear Tree is altogether free. Thou
sands of Apple, Peach and Pmm Trees are destroy
ed by these evil causes, and their crop3 rendered
very uncertain ;f not, comple failures. This tolls
much in favor of the Pear Tree.
The best season to oring Peats into tho market
would seem *o be from the months of September to
December, (Winter Pears being better suited for
amateur?, as requiring too much wetebing and extra
care;) then the Peach H scathe,the Piuirnand Figs
are gone, and the Winter Apple has not yet takim
its place in the market. This remark applies to our
home markets For the marke's of the North the
very earliest Pears aie the best
I have partly answered the question of soils aud
localities. I shall only add, that, deep sandy loam
soil?, rather dark than light colored, Western, Eas
tern and Northern aspects, and rather elevated
localities, seem to be the best for tbe health of the
tree and the setting of the blossom; and that Soirii
ern latitudes agree better with the Pear thau
higher latitude?, where often winters from twenty io
thirty degrees below zero prevent all reliance upon
a fair ciop of refined fruits, suca as Pears, Peaches
and Grapes.
I shall not see tbe time when the South, from
Virginia to Alabama, shall be considered the fruit
garden of Arneric •, but lam fully convinced that
such a time must and shall come, and that thousands
of acres, unlit for cultiva ion of cotton and rice,
will be converted into remuneraring orchards.
All we want is a little patience—a rare filing with
a fast people. We must consider that fruit
are different from sweet potatoes, although they do
not require more, if as much care, and that the
planting of rows of fruit trees in the field, at conve
nient distances, will cot materially interfere with
the crops of potatoes, cow peas or vegetables, or
any low growing crops that will not smother the
young tre e. If, moreover, we will consider that
soils exhausted for ordinary crops still do retain a
great deal of the constituents required for a tree, it
will be evident that fruit can often be obtained
where other products must tail.
We have yet to find out what sort of Pears are
best suited to our Sou:hero latitude. Every season,
almost, brings ua new Peaches, Gropes, Pears and
Apples, superior to ti e older varieties, which win
slowly work their way to the head of the list of
prominent fruits. Among the native and foreign
varieties, many have been found to he v ell adapted
to our climate. We have a great deal more in ex
pec* ation, and among my select seedliuge, collected
from this and distant countries, many give lair pro
mite of being ranked, at some future day, among
our best and certainly our most hardy aud vigorous
varieties.
Permit me to conclude this already too Img
chapter on Pears with eorn9 remarks upon the diffe
rent opinions about this fruit.
The mistakes ‘ind deceptions which have so often
occurred, and have discouraged many zealous ama
teurs, are mostly the result of unwise selections of
old worn out varieties, discarded and given up in
their native localities and sold here, not a? refuse
and unsaleable stock, but under good sounding or
false names, and which must have proven, as they
did prove, indeed, dead failures. Jhe newly ob
tained varieties are undoubtedly (and with some
few’ exceptions,) tbe most vigorous, symmetrical
and hardy. Os ah the Pears cultivated at present
as leading varieties, a few only can be traced &3 far
back as Duhamelor even Poitean. (editions from
1785 to 1810.) The Duchess, the Beurre Superfin,
the Buerre d’Atjou, tbe Belle Lucrative, the Clair
geau, and many others of our best leading sorts,
were not known tweLty-ff ve years ago. I have
hundreds of seedlings, selected from among thou
sands, with which I would not part for auy conside
ration, so sure do 1 feel that some day they ami-t
take the place of such varieties as I do not consider
as perfectly adapted to our latitude or to our wants.
We must have hardy, beautiful, vigorous, produc
tive trees, easily cultivated in all soils, and more
easily kept in the right form and shane, with good
or be3t and large fruit. YVbat the last twenty or
thirty years of experiments or good chances have
done in that way, will be nothing comoared to wbat
is at present going on in our great Union. Seed
lings are brought to notice every season from
Maine to Alabama.
It has been my good fortune to be conuec‘ed
with many influen’ial and well informed gentle
men, and thus to have got. a chance to test most all
the novelties here in the South, at the same time
that they are submitted to the judgment of amateurs
in other parts of Union. Let ua not judge the
Cultivation of ihe Pear by the worthle 8 varieties
which have induced people to say Pears will not do
in (no matter what State;) it wa3 the same
in all States. When I first became acquainted in
New Jersey. I was told “Pears would not do well
just the'e.” and now Professor Mapes, Doctor
Ward, William Reid,and many others, realize hand
some profits, and have tine, almost certain crops
every year. And why ? Because they wisely dis
carded the old, sickly and rqn out varieties of the
old catalogues, when Pear culture was in its in
fancy, and took to the new sorts endowed with all
the vigor, beauty and fertility of renovated pro
ducts.
I have thus far epoken of the Paar Tree as a
producer, in competition w.th the other fruit pro
ducing treets of our latitude ; but if we come from
the orchard to the garden, will find the Pear Tree
the most indispensable, ornamental and convenient
tree to be placed around dwellings and among our
tlowers and ebrbbery. YY’hat is equal in boauty to
a well managed end sound Bartlett, Superfin,
Michel Archangel, Buffum or Urbaniste ?
But we must conclude, and we will do so with a
wish that more effectual and persevering efforts
should be directed to that branch of rural economy.
In a climate ana with such a soil as aurs, we must
have the best Pears, as we have already the best
Peaches and Grapes, to esy nothing of our delicious
Apples. We have the choice of localities, plen'y
of room, and the means to try experiments. We
shall not remain behind when all the North, much
less favored by nature and climate, is fully alive to
the importance of this question.
Interesting Experiment at the Washington
Monument. —We mentioned a few davs ago that
Lieut. Ivee, the Superintendent of the Washington
Monument, was desirous of arranging the machine
ry and rigging on the top of the column, in order to
an early beginning of Ihe work. All the means of
reaching the top bad been removed except a single
rope, attached tea strong brace extending acioes
the top of the column. At first it wae suggested
that a rigger might ascend by this rope, blit L eut.
Ives, in view of the possibility of an accident by
the undertakiog, the rope being rotten, abandoned
tie plan. Since then several experiments have
been made. First, a man was produced who,
standing the ground outride the column, threw
a stone oyer it, more than 170 feet in height. Hav
ing ascertained that he could perform this feat, a
small pack thread was attached t the stone, bat
the resistance of the air to the thread prevented his
casting the stone more than half the height of the
column.
Next, an Indian bow and arrows were obtained
from the Smithsonian Institution. The arrows
alone were fired over the column easily, but when
the experiment was made wiih the pack thread
attached, they could hardly be forced up a hundred
feet. A rifle was next obtained, and experiments
were made ineide the colamn by shooting the
ramroad, with a pack thread attached, upward,
in the hope that it would descend on the opposite
Bide of the brace before mentioned ; but this plan
also failed, the ramrod sometimes meeting with
obstacles which prevented its taking the direction
wished, and at other times the thread would be
burned off by the firing of the gUD.
Y’esterday a pigeon wae obtained and carried in
side the column A pack thread wae tied to it. leg,
and the bird was carried to the top of a ladder by
one of the gentlemen present aud thrown upward;
the company below, to frighten the bird and make
it continue its flight upward, whooped and shouted;
the bird flew round in the column and at last rested
upon a recess designated for the reception of one of
♦he stones presented by contributors. By again
whooping and shouting, the bird was startled and
took its flight upward, and rested upon the very
brace over which it was desired to cast the thread.
This was an anxious moment for those below. If
the bird descended by the eid#.upon which it rested
the plan would fail for the time; if by the opposite
side, all was safe, and the end would be ob
tained.
The shouting was raised agaiD, but the bird look
ed down upon the noisy company below with a
quizzical “No you don’t.’’ A pistol was then fired
to frighten him. and after some moments of sus
pense, the bird descended upon the aide of the
column desired. The pack thread was caught, a
heavier cord was attached and drawn up. theD
heavier and stronger cords, until a rope of sufficient
size was secured over the brace to enable the rig
gers to proceed with safety to the work of re-putting
the machinery in complete order for future prepara
tions. The experiments were mi>de under the
direction of Lieut. Ives.— Washington Star.
Obituary —Lieutenant John King Daer, whose
decease at Apalachicola wa= announced four
weeks since, aeseivea more than this passing tribute
from the public press. Entering the Navy in 1836,
at the age of fifteen, he passed his examination for
gromoticn in 1843d. He was detailed for Coast
Survey service m 1855. and succeeded to the party
and of the schooner Varina in April, 1856. The
steamer Vixen was assigned to him in 1857, and in
her he discovered the new channel east of D:g
Island into Apalachicola, which ia of so much im
portanceto mat part of our Southern coast. For
some jears be has been afflicted with a disease of
the heart, aggravated by the labors and responsibili
ties of b ? position, and this terminated his useful
life on the 14th of June, 1859. He was a zealoue
and industrious officer, regarding always the public
service rather than his own health or convenience,
and improving the opportunities for ueefuineee
afforded by it without stint. He baa left a widow
and children to mourn the untimely loee of a devoted
husband and father—N. Y. Cour. % E nqr.
Elepbnrt Hunting In Africa.
Two letters have been received from Mr Charle,
John Anderson, the African traveller. Iu the first
j which \i dated “August 30, 1858,” he says :
| “About two months ago I wrote you from the
banks ot the OtParuru river, acquainting you with
the unfortunate termination ot iny late journey,
my tuiure plane, &c. Y'ou will also remember
that my wagon was to proceed to Ojimbinque
(Richterfe’dt) to be repaired, while I m>self slowly
wended my way to the river (or rather watershed),
from which I now address you, with the view of
seeing seme unexplored country, and for the pur
pose of hunting elephants, and I have to some
extent accomplished both these objects.
“I encountered a very considerable number of
elephaurs, but unfortunately chiefly cows with
their young, which are both and ingerous and unprofi
table. I have hjid some perilous adventures with
these animals, and have been taught some severe
lessons, which lam uot likely to forget, and, if I
have uot got a great deal ot ivory, I have gained
a great deal of experience and some interesting
insight into the Datural hietory of toe African ele
phant. However, besides some female elephants,
1 have killed several truly noble bulls.
“The more I see of these stupendous animals,
the more I . m surprised. I should very much like
to know the real strength of a full grown male ; it
must be something almost incredible. Nothing
gives a person a better idea of their stupendous
powers tliau a day’s walk through one of their
lavorite haunts. There may be seen whole tracts
ot forest laid prostrate, and such trees sometimes!
The trees, which are for the most part of a brittle
nature, are usually bro Ken short off by the beasts ;
but when they meet with a tree that seems t) them
too tough t suap at once, up it goes, root and all.
It they can do this in mere play, or for tbe sake of
feeding on the blanches, &.C., of the prostrate trees,
what w ill they not effect in a paroxysm of rage ?
“The other day, after very many hours’ fatiguing
‘tracking,’ I was closing with a very Urge troop of
elephants, consisting chiefly of females, when to
my left i suddenly spied another troop of w’hat I
toot to be males. lat once left the liret troop and
proceeded to attack the second. I ‘stalked’ uuper
ceived to within twenty five paces of the herd,
when to my annoyance I found that they also were
mostly cows and calves. Ti.ere w ere, however, a
couple of tine bulls among them, oue evidently
acting the part of pater lamilias to the herd ; this
be&s: s position was unfavorable, and I was waiting
tor him to present a better mark, when suddenly
they all made off. As they were disappearing in
the brushwood, I fired ht oue of tbe hindermost—a
mule, as I imagined. Iu an instant the herd wheel
ed about, and with a terrific rush came crashing
througn the bushes nearly in a direct line towards
me; but after running for about sixty or seventy
paces they stopped short, evidently disappointed at
no; finding the enemy. I felt very much inclined
io take to my heels, but a moment's reflection con
viuced me that salety lay ouly in keeping close ;
and t was well I did so, lor in a few momenta the
pater familias made an oblique rush through the
jungle with such force as actually to send a whole
tree that he had uprooted in his headlong course
spinning in the air. A huge branch remained fixed
to oue of his tusks His head he carried aloft, his
huge eais were spread to the full, while with his
trunk he snuffed the air impatiently, lu this posi
tion, and when within less than a dozen paces of
me, he remained 1 should say about half a minute.
I think it was the most thrilling and striking sport
iug scene that I ever saw. My assailaut looked the
very picture of grandeur and rage.
*’ I have had several other interesting encounters
with elephants, but have no time for particulars.
Ai preseiit these animals have all left my neighbor
hood, but I fiope to find them again ahead of me,
and to do some execution among them.
“I use a heavy rifle, carrying a conical steel
pointed bullet (three to the pound), and 10 to 12
drachms of the best English rifle powder. With
this charge I sometimes send the ball clean through
an elephant. Onc I fired-at a huge cow, the bul
let entered her hind quarters, aud obliquely travers
ing the entire length of her body, passed out at the
shoulder ! The only objection 1 have to the guu is
that it kicks frightfully, and 1 dare not now lire it
without previously placing a thick wad on iny
shoulder. It is by Powell, the maker of my old
rifio, mentioned in Lake Ngami ,- with which I
killed a vast quantity of game.
“ Besides elephants, I have also shot many gi
raffes, elands, gnus, hartebeests, koodoo?, and in
deed had I wished to kill merely for killing’s sake,
I might have shown u firstrate ‘ bag,’ but 1 make
a point of not destroying unless absolutely iu want
of meat to feed either my own party or the hun
dreds of poor wretches Constantly following in my
track.
“My wagon has only ju9t joined me. I purpose
pro?ecuting my journey eastward in a day or two;
but my progress will necessarily be exceedingly
slow tor thu present; as well tor the reason that tbe
season is too far advanced—in other words, water
is scarce, and I must wait for the rains before I can
open the campaign with any chance of success--
as that I have just despatched one of my servants
to Ofjimhinque to await the arrival of a vessel ex-
Dected at Wbaletiah Bay in September, in order to
ariug on a few neceseuriee and my letters. It is
now a long time since I heard irom my friende, and
1 should much like to know something farther about
them betore I finally leave ‘civilization’ behind me ”
Mr. Anderson’s second letter is dated, “The Inte
rior, Lake Omanbcude, (en route li. Cuene,) Octo
ber 28,1858 ’’ He sav a :
“About two months ago I addressed you from the
Omuramba Omatako, and trust my letters safely
reache i you. Since that time I have done little or
nothing in tbe way of travelling, the country being
altogether too dry aud parched.
“You will perceive this letter dated Omanboude
—tbe spot where Mr. Galton's magnificent lake
proved to be a mere dried up ‘vley.’ It is now,
however, something better ; tor the water, notwith
standing the lateness and drynes3 of the season, is
about \\ miles—a large expanse of water for this
miserable country. It is not a lake, moreover, nor
eveu a ‘tarn,’ but may not it appropriately be
termed an immense marsh. There are no hippopo
tami in it, however, though plenty of room for a
score or t wo.
“But elephants, until quite lately, have largely
resorted here, snd with some considerable danger,
latigue and patience, I have succeeded in ‘bagging’
a number of splendid bulls, some of which carried
magnificent tusks. I have bad the most extraordi
nary run of bad luck as well as good luck. At first
I lost every elephant I fired at, but all at once the
tables turned in my lavor, and have lately killed
eight bulls without losing a single one. The other
day, indeed, I brought down two at two successive
shots.
But elephant hunting on foot at this season of the
year is tremendous work. It is rarely that I can
succeed in tracking, stalking and killing my ele
pfcaut ana return to camp m Use than t welve hours,
and more Irequently it takes me 12,14, or even 16
hours to accomplish the teat. Os course it would
be nothing in a temperate climate; but here, where
the air is like the draught of a strongly heated fur
nace, it is moat trying to the constitution. So se
vere is the labor, indeed, that I am obliged to di
vide my native attendants into two sets, making
u?e of one set the oue day, and the other the next.
Elephant hunting on foot is also exceedingly dan
gerous work. The fact is, every time Igo in search
of these animals I consider my life in peril. It was
only a few days ago that 1 w r as suddenly and un
expectedly charged by an elephant, and that by
one not previously wounded. Before I wan aware
ot the brute, he was so elede upon me that I found
escape by running impossible. Poor Y\ r ahlberg’s
sad tale flashed across my mind. However, as
good luck would have it, I broke one of his fore
legs, w'hich at once brought him on his head. He
was not above three times the length of my rifle
from me when he thus fell. But this is only one of
many hair-breadth escapes that might be mention
ed.
“I have also had some dangerous encounters
with other animals. One line moonlight night, while
watching for elephants, I encountered a troop of
lions, and without aoy kind of molestation on my
part, was suddenly attacked by the leader, a mag
nificent male. Fortunately, a well directed bullet
from my elephant rifle put him at once hors de com
bat- The next morning I finished him under very
exciting circumstances. It so happened that my
party waeoccompanied by a large trading caravan,
composed of Damarras, destined for Oramboland,
and as the scene occurred in full view of my camp,
nearly the whole of these people were in at the
death of the lion. More than 200 javelins were
poit-ed in the air at the same moment, ready to
strike the prostrate beast, while a dozen dogs were
deeperately tearing away at him. The lion defend
ed himself bravely, and in his death struggles
severely wounded three ol my beet dogs. It was a
most imposing scene.
“On another occasion I had my beet Damarra
killed within a few paces of me by a black rhinoce
ros t ari had badly wounded the preceding night.
1, of course, killed the monster in his turn. It was
a heartrending scene, for I had to bury the unfor
tunate man iu presence cf bis wife and companions,
all of whom kept up the most dismal bowlings and
lamentations. This death scene, coi nected with
wh>eh were other peculiar circumstances, made a
deep impression ou my mind.
“Myoriginal plan,” says Anderson in conclu
sion, “was to have followed the course of the Omu
rr.mba Omatako as far ad possible, but finding the
‘Veldt’ deficient (in that direetioo) in pasturage and
watei I came ovtr to this place, and it is just possi
ble I may endeavor to penetrate to the Cunene
from hence. I am only waiting for the rains to
commence operations.’’
Singular Combat between two Frogs —A
few weeks since some masons were at work repair
ing Hollis’ Oii Factory at Somerville, when they
became the witness of a singular combat of about
an hoar's duration, between two monster bull frogs,
inhabitants of two pools lu the rear of the building-
They came forth from their respective puddles
about eleven o’clock in the forenoon, and approach
ed each other cautiously, each eyeing the other,
until they were about a foot apart, when they
jumped at each other and commenced the fight.—
They struck, bit and clinched furiously, and when
a fill decided a round, both would draw off and
puff for a moment, when they would renew the
combat.
After about an hour spent in uninterrupted fight
ing, with the exception of two or three brief res
pites, each crawled off to his pool and disappeared.
Neither was ‘‘exactly dead,” but both were “kinder
gin eout.” Neither could claim the victory ,ae one
was terribly lamed in the shoulder by a biriiiiant
“left hander,” from his antagonist, while the other
could claim the honor of drawing the “first biood,”
he having drawn the “claret” from his opponent's
“mug” on the first or second round. The fight
itself was eingular enough, but the fact that it was
witnessed, but not interfered with, by some thirty
or forty frog spectators, of ad kinds and sizes, adds
to the novelty of the incident.
Our informant, Mr. Edward Grace, officer of the
U. S Courts, says that et the beginning of the fight
the frogs assembled about the fightiDg ground from
the surrounding pools, attracted doubtless by the
noise made by the combatants, and that they con
tinued peaceable spectators of the “mill,” occasion
ally interrupting it by excited croaking, but at no
time approaching the parlies engaged in it nearer
than within two or three feet. When the contest
was ended they nearly simultaneously departed.—
The whole arracgemen* seems to have been model
led after modern pugilistic encounters between
animals genus homo, with the exception, perhaps,
of the absence of ring-master, eeconda and bottle
holders. We can only speculate as to the cause of
the quarrel, but can readily imagine that one called
the other “toady,” and that frog No. 2, not accept
ing the term as one of endearment, retorted by
applying the epithet “hopper’ to frog No. 1. Os
couree reconciliation was then out of the question.
[Boston Journal.
Asa sample of the coolness of railroad conduc
tors, the Harrisburg Patriot and Union tells the
following tough story: “One of them having been
discharged from nia trust applied to be restated.
‘You were dismissed,’ said the Superintendent aui
terely, ‘for letting your train come twice into col
lision/ ‘The very reason,’ said the other, interrup
ting him, ‘why I ask to be restored.’ ‘How so V
‘Why/sir, if I bad any doubt before as to whether
two trains can pass each other on the same track, I
am now entiieiy satisfied ; I have tried it twice, sir,
and it c a n’t be done, and I am not likely to try it
again.’ He regained his situation.”
Popular Errors Corrected.— That the annex
ation of Lombardy to Sardinia will increa a e the
supply, or diminish the prices, of Sardines. That
the French troops at Rome are supported on beef
from the Pope's bulls. That the Emperor Napo
leon was injured by the Papal Bull which lately gut
loose and gored King Victor Emanuel so severely.
That tne Emperor Napoleon gives frequent dinner
parties to the correspondents of the English and
American papers, and talks over hie plans with
them.
From ('alifornin, Mexico, Ac,
California advices to July 6th, and later news
from Mexico, have been receiv-d at New Orleans-
T nest earns bin Golden Aire left San Francisco ou
the 6th, with 760 passengers and SI,OOO 000 in trea
sure, for New York. The steamship Cortes also
sailed from San Francisco for New York ou the
6th met., with $1,300,000 in treasure, and 700 pae
seugery. The news from California ;s meagre and
unimportant. We take the fallowing from the New
Orleans Picayune:
The 4th of July was celebrated with great spirit
at San Francisco, as also throughout the State, by
imposing processions and appropriate literary exer
cises. The heat at San Francisco had been unu
sually great for several days before the steamer
left.
The San Francisco Bulletin says of monetary
affairs :
“The exports of treasure for the first six months
of 1859,1858 and 1857, were as follows:
First six months of 1859 $23 685,562
First six months of 1858 23 537,576
First six months of 1857 23,743,489
“This shows a remarkable approximation for the
periods named, and together with other indicaticns,
gives rise to the opinion that the sum tetal of the
present year will be fully up to that of either of the
former, if it does not somewhat exceed them. The
annual product of the mines is doubtless as great
as ever, but can never be judged of accurately by
the exports, as these are governed to a great extent
by financial emergencies abroad.”
Tbe Democratic State Convention, on the 22d,
put in Domination Milton S. Latham for Governor,
and J. C. Downey for Lieut Governor. The first
ballot, Weller 111, Latham 129,Nugent 29. Second
ballot, Vveller 104, Latham 136, Nugent 29. Where
upon, Mr. L. having received a majority of tbe
votes, was declared duly nominated. The candi
dates of all the parties were vigorously engaged in
canvassing the State.
Oregon. —Advices from Portland are to the 22d
ult. The annual rise of the Columbia, caused by
the melting of the snows on the mountains, had
begun, and the floods threatened to be greater thau
ever known before. The damage to crops and
stock was already very great, while the inhabitants
of the river bank bad been compelled to seek safety
in flight.
Washington Territory.— Political excitement
is running high in Washington Territory. Gov.
Stevens and Col. Wallace, his competitor, are
canvassing together. The impression is that
Steveus will be re elected Delegate to Congress by
a large majority. It is also confidently believed
that the county elections will almost universally
result favorable to the Democracy.
British Columbia.— The last steamer brought
down from the Fraser river mines $53,600 iu treas
ure. The accounts, however, are generally dis
couraging.
A meeting of intluent : al citizens had been held
at Victoria, to concert measures to modify the
present laud system of the colony. A committee
of five was appointed to draw up resolutions and
petitions to the Governor and the Assembly, rela
tive to reducing ihe price of the lahds to $1 25 per
acre, and throwing open the lands to pre-emption.
Two shocks of an earthquake were felt at Victo
toria on tbe 22d.
China.— By the dipper ship Challenge, at San
Francisco, 46 days from Hong Kong, we have ad
vices from China to the 14th of May.
The U. S. Minister, Gen. YY’ard, and his Secretary,
on their way to the Court cf Pekin came passen
gers by the steamer Ganges to Penang, where he
embarked cu the 28th April, in the U. S. steam
frigate Powhatan, under a salute due to bis rank.
At i P M Gen. YY r aru lauded under salute from
Fort Cornwallis.
We hear, says the Register of Mav 13th that the
steamer Hong Kong nas been chartered by the
American Government for the purpose of accompa
nying Gen Ward on his tourney to the North. She
leaves tor Canton this morning, towing the body of
Yeh, for interment in that city. On her return it is
reported she will be fitted for sea immediately.
We regret to hear that Com. Tattnall is severely
indisposed, on board the U. S steam frigate Pow
hatan. We hear her stay will be short, as Gen
Waul is anxious to proceed to Pekin as soon as
possible.
Special Correspondence of the Picayune.
Mexican I’oliilcnl News.
JttINATITLAN, July 18, 185!).
The political affairs of Mexico have “not changed
much during the last four or six weeks. Mirnmon
has made a complete change o! his cabinet; it is
composed now altogether out of strong Santa Anna
men, and if they will permit him to carry out his plans
to make peaceable arrangements with the Libera
Gvernment, I doubt very much.
The publicly assigned reason of this change in
the cabinet is, that Miramon had proposed to his
former ad visers (Bonilla and followers) a complete
change of policy, viz : liberty of the press, amnesty
for all political offenoes and confiscation of a port.OD
of the church property [naturalization de manos
muertos). Prom this moment he was considered as
an enemy to the church, and had not only to Belect
new advisers, but has now also to make front against
the intrigues of the clergy.
The holy church seems to have taken Gen. Mar
quez, commander of the forces in Gaudalajara, into
grace, though it is stated that also Zuloaga has still
a numerous party and powerful followers, viz: Ga
briac, Ottway &. Cos.
A conspiracy has been discovered at the city of
Mexico, with Marquez at its head aud with the de
clared object of elevating that gentleman to the
Presidential chair. It is believed, however, to have
been really a Santa Anna movement. .
The Miramon Government is said to be very in
dignant at the conduct of Gen. Robles in allowing
the specie conducta to proceed to Vera Cruz. In
the meantime the President is making extraordina
ry exertions to extort money from the clergy,
tureateniug, it is said to seize upon the church pro
perty, unless the money be foithcoming.
From btters received by the last mail from New
Orleans, I learn that Gen. Degoiludo, Secretary of
War of Juarez, was expected in your city, and
that he would raise an American legion for the
purpose of ending this disgraceful revolution here;
bat permit me to contradict this statement. The
General left Vera Cruz some time ago for Tampi
co, and went from there to the interior of the Re
public, in order to take again the command of the
Liberal army.
On the Pacific side the Liberals have disbanded
the army, it being too expensive to keep large
numbers of troops together in a country where
provisions are scarce. I am informed that the dif
ferent leaders of the Liberal army in this portion of
the country have a few troops stationed in each
town and village, and are organized in a manner
that the entire army can be called together in a few
days if active operations should begin. Gen.
Aharez also remains quiet, living comfortably in
his farm, about 25 miles from Acapulco.
P. B.—lntelligence had just, been received here
that Gen. Marquez has seized and robbed a con
ducta of $600,000 on the other side. The conducta
is said to have been on its way from the Guanajia
to mint to San Bias, where it wbb to be shipped.
Marquez is said to have a force of some 2,000 men
under his command at Guadalajara, but to be much
in want of ammunition and provisions.
Cotton and Exchange — The crop of cotton is
drawing near its close, and is likely to prove 3,751),-
000 bales—much larger than ever before. The year
1856 was the largest previous crop, and that gave
one of 3,527,845 bales, or 680,000 more than its pre
decessor. That large crop came to market under
very favorable circumstances. The activity at
home and abroad was considerable, and notwith
standing the quantity, prices rose steadily to the
close of tue year, when they seemed to approach
the figure set by many, “200. for cotton.” Tne
panic of 1857 caused a great change, and there
were not a few on the New York Exchange who
predicted, and, in fact, offered to sell cotton at 9c.,
deliverable in January, 1858. The fall was not
quite so large as that, however, but the economy
of purchase was considerable in 1858, and the de.
livery of 3,113 962 bales to the close of the year left
prices, as compared with the previous and present
year, as follows :
Ord. Mid. Mid. Fair. Fair.
1857 14j 16 17 180.
1858 10! 13 13J 140.
1859 91 12 131
The large crop, with the war check, depressed
prices in the past year, and we enter the new one
with prices 4 cents lower than when 1858 began
The exports of cotton this year have been 2,856,-
541 bales, or 424,185 more than last year, yielding
probably $20,000,000 more than in the former year,
according to the export prioe Most of this was
sold, however, before the war affected the markets,
and has been the main source of support to the bill
market. The question now is of the new crop. Its
extent cannot, of course, be even guessed at lor
the present. The chances are that it will not be so
large as the last, and that if war continues it will
not rise in price. On the other hand, the manner
in which the New York markets are pressed with
imports, indicate some revulsion, and this has been
the only active market. There is little chance of
any foreign demand for breadstuff's, and should the
cotton crop fail to give its usual amount of bills,
the strain will come very hard upon the specie re
serves — U. S. Economist.
A Church seized with a Bilious Attack.—
Last Sabbath was Quarterly Meeting of the M. E.
Church, and, as usual on such occasion, the Sacra
ment was administered. After the meeting ad
journed, the members went their several ways,
some to dine with friends in towD, some to their
homes in the country. In about an hour the doc
tors were iu requisition in every direction, the
whole membership was seized with a simultaneous
“bilious attack,” and the demand for remedial
agents was general. The first smell of the sumptu
ous dinners prepared provoked sudden and involun
tary eructation on the part of all the othodox mem
bers of the respective families. The vene able
Peter Cartwright, Presiding Elder, for whom extra
preparations bad, of course, been made, retired
from the prospect as dinner came on, a little bent
over, with both hands placed bolow his vest but
tons, declaring that “be didn't feel like eating.”
One brother is said to have made for his house,
half bent, and, with a groan, tumbled on to the
bed, and in reply to his wife's “What’s the mat
ter ?’’ exclaimed in a desparing tone, “Oh! I’ve
got the cholera.” The epidemic spread ail through
the country, exciting considerable alarm, and oc
casioning a general casting up of accounts. But
the panic subsided when it was ascertained that
antimonial wine had been, by mistake, administer
ed to the whole body of communicants! We un
derstand that “Uncle Peter” said “it was the first
time he ever knew an “attempt to vomit the devil
out of the chnrch.” Although it was a serious
matter, the sinners, owiog to the hardnese of their
hearts, did laugh— Winchester [III) Chronicle ,
July 16.
Droll. —A Los Angelos correspondent of the
Philadelphia Bulletin states thit a California paper
started a canard to the effect that Horace Greeley
of the Tribune was on his way to California to take
command of all the various rag, tag and bobt lil
filibusters to be found there; that Henningsen and
Walker would join him with forces collected in the
Atlantic States ; and t hat the while horde, under
the supreme command of the aforesaid Greeley,
would invade Mexico and usurp the government of
that Republic. A copy of this paper fell into the
hands of the commander, at Mazatlan, and he at
once issued a proclamation informing the people
that “one Horace Greely, a most blood thirsty and
unmerciful man—worse than the infamous Walker,
or even the minions of Miramon —a man whose very
name struck dread to the hearts of thousands in the
United States, so many were his crimes and so
terrible was his conduct—is now at the head of a
band of filibusters already collected, and on his way
to Mexico !” He then exhorts the people to prepare
tbemselveß for instant action, and concludes thus :
“This dangerous man [hombre peligrose) is not of
the common school of filibusters; they wish for
plunder, he for blood and murderous deeds.” “Just
imagine,” says the correspondent, “themi'd and
amiable philosopher of the Tribune converted into
the hardened fiend this bright greaser makes him
Price of Slaves. —ln response to the many en
quiries made from persons at distance, as to the
pricee that slaves are commanding in this market,
we publish the annexed statement, furnished by
reliable authority;
No 1 meD, 20 to 96 years old, from $1,450 to
$1 500.
Best grown girls, 17 to 20 years old, from $1,275
to $1,325.
Girls from 15 to 17 years old, $1,150 t® $1 250.
Girls from 12 to 15 years old, SI,OOO to $1 100.
Best plough boys, 17 to 20 years old, $1,350 to
$1,425.
Boys from 15 to 17 years old, $1,250 to $1,375.
Boys from 12 to 15 years old, $l,lOO to $1,200.
Likely familiee. and also boys and girls, commend
high prices, as there are several gentlemen in mar
ket who are purchasing for their own plantation* in
the South.—Nick Disp.
VOL. LXXIII.—NEW SERIES VOL. XAI i! N< >. 31
Preserveihe Birds.
YVe have long been of the opinion, says the
Newark Daily Advertiser, that birds are exceed
ingly voracious, and that you g and dd among
thorn require great quantities of feed. It is for
men to turn this voracity to their profit ri limy
please If, instead of Inis, they cbooso to gratify
themselves, their sons or others, by shooting thtir
best friends and great public benefactors, they can
do so. But they must make up their minds t > ruf
t3T the consequences. An incredible number of
Doxious insects will be then much obliged to these
vagabond marksmen The owners of land can
have birds, or they can have destructive insects—
it depends upon them to choose which. Jf they
like vermin on tbeir trees and crops, ou the tops,
the branches,roots, everywhere, Ihentboy will get
rid of the birds, of course. But if the pre'ty, siug
ing, hopping, chirping, flying, bright-eyed birds are
preferred to curculios, gru a, and all manner ot
ugly and unsightly worms and bugs, why then they
must get rid of or punish the boys and men tha:
hurt the one and cause the other to increase and
multiply and devour. They will even take partic
lar pains to put up boxes and houses for wrens and
s larrows, aud the like, to live iu and to feed those
who stay amorgus iu winter.
Read over now tue list below of what a few
families of biids are doing every day for the public
good, and then eay honestly whether you don’t
know several fellows iu your neighborhood going
about with tbeir guns who* are really not serving
the community as well as the little feathered tarai
lies, celebrated by Mr. C. M Clay, of Kentucky,
in th article below, which he oommuuioated to
tbe “Country Gentleman’’ of Alnany, Irom which
we take it. Twenty five billions of caterpillars and
ins cts destroyed in one year on a single tarm cf
thirty acres is a pretty good year’s work. In that
period many well-known men, so far irom doing
any public or private good, are really spreading
mischiet by their business—are they not ?—quite
equal in amount to the benefits conferred by ihe
God-given instincts of the beautiful birds. This is
the letter of C. M. Clay which has been referred to.
“At daybreak I estimate that four hundred song
sters break forth into one great jubilation of min
gled song on my thirty acres of Iruit and pleasure
grounds. Among these I note the cot bird, the
thrush, the blue, black, and red birds, the ball mar
tin, the dove, lark, and quail, the sparrow and
humming bird, robin and ja>, toe house porch and
barn swallow, and many varieties of orioles, wood
peckers, eapsuckerb, Sco. To-day, my mind run
ning upon the use of birds, I took my position about
fifteen feet fro u the nest of an oriole, built iu the
top of a peach tree twelve feet high, to observe
their habits. The nest is formed of blades of blue
grass, worked into a basket form on the limbs of
the peach tree actiug aa braces. This variety has
the fernaie of a diuky bluish yellow—the male
blackheaded and blackish wings, with a brickdust
or robin red-breast color on the breast aud sides
There are four young ones well fledged, which
every now and tiien stand upon the edges of the
nest and try their wings. I lay upou the green
sward a long time and observed thegmovements of
the parents, with my watch in baud. They made
a visit with food about every four minutes, on an
average, varying in time from two to uix minutes.
They would light upon the black locust tree, the
vine, the grass, and other places, clinging at times
to the most delicate and extreme poiutsof the
leaves. I observe plainly green and brown grass
hoppers, caterpillars, and smaller flies; sometimes
one and sometimes as many as six were plainly fed
to the young ones, whose heads I could see above
the nest. They would aso carry back tbe refuse
litter from the nest, dropping it fifty yards or more
off! which same thing I saw the brown thrush,
which has a nest in a climbing rose about forty
yards off, also doing, they havieg four young ones.
insects.
2 birds making a visit every 4 minutes—l in
60 minutes divided by 2—30 visits in an hour.
■1 worms on an average—l2o worm, to the hour.
6 working Hours -729 a day.
200 pairs on the grounds 144 000 a day.
£OO pairs in 30 days—4,4ro,oo j a month.
200 pairs iu 8 mouths —303,000,000.
2UO pairs u 0 onea, do. by £ —707,200 OCO, in the season.
400 cr ws, do. t y 2do —1,411.400,000.
400 do. eat ng 4 times by 4—5.657,600,C00.
Cows and btrd, together—6 261,800,000.
Double the estimate of biids and cows, which I
think fair on my farm, and we have 6 364,800,000x4
—25,459,200,000.
“That is to say, twenty five billions four hundred
and titty-nine millions at.d two hundred thousand
caterpillars and other insects destroyed iu one year 1
If these estimates stem large, We must remember
that the circulation aud respiration of birds are ex
tremely rapid; and of course the comsumption of
food rapid in proportion.
“Here is no ‘sickly sentimentality,’ bnt plain
oconomical tacts bailed upon observation. Shall
we spare the crows and other birds a little corn am,
fruit; or shall we kill them, and revive the famines
r f the East and the ravages oi other dayß ? Shall
we fire on tuem in the morning, or join in their uni
vcrsal jubilee ?”
Horrible Tragedy.—Tho Shawneetown 1111
noisan says:
“A most lamentable occurrence happened in th,
town of Equality, in this county, on Wednesday
evening last. The particulars, as far as we have
been able to learn them, are as follows : A Baptist
minister, (we have failed to learn his name,) irom
Christen county, Kentucky, it appears, .-topped at
the boarding house of Mrs McGool during the day.
and in the evening started on his way. He had
not proceeded far out of town before be returned,
seemingly muoh agitated in manner, stating that an
attempt had been made to shoot him lrom the road
side, and that he bad seen tracks aornss the road,
and heard the click of a pistol or gun produced in
cocking, which excited his fears of foul play. He
then asked for a room for the night, which was
given him. His strange conduct soon satisfied the
proprietress of the house tbet there was something
not altogether right with him, and she called at the
door ot his room to ascertain what the matter was,
when he abruptly coufrouted ber with the accusa
tion of intending to rob him, and threw hie pocket
book toward ‘her, remarking that it contained uil
the mo ey he had. She immediately left him, and
asked two gentlemen to go and see what ailed him
They went as desired, but left in a few momems,
finding that he was armed with a pistol ana not in
bis proper mind, as he advised them that their
company could bo very well dispensed with. Some
time after this, Messrs. McCaleb and Prewitt step
ped upon the porch in front of the roum in which he
was to take u survey of the premises and seo what
he was driving at; when they were greeted by a
pistol shot from the window, the ball taking eueot
on the person of Mr. McCaleb, inflicting a fatal
wound A second shot passed through the clothing
of Mr. Prewitt, who speedily retreated. A third
report of the pistol was heard, and shortly alter
ward an entrance of the room was ventured upon,
when tbß stranger and principal aotor in the dark
drama was found bathed in his own blood, lying
dead upon the floor, having shot hirneelf in the
breast. Mr. McCaleb, who was an old oitizen of
Equality, expired the next day after he was shot.
ThUB terminated oue of the most singular and
mournful tragedies that it has ever become our
painful duty to record us having occurred in Galla
tin oounty.”
Recite eor Curing the Dvsentery on Sum
mer Complaint, in its MildeßT,_oh Worst
Stages. —Take two glasses of sweet oil—two
glasses West India molasses—two glasses West
India rum—simmer them well together over a fire
till it becomes the thickness of honey, ro that the
oil may not separate from the rest. While on the
fire keep it well stirred, and when taken off con
tinue the same till it is cold. Then the patient, if a
grown person, should take a teaspoonful once an
hour, till he finds the disease abating, then once in
two honrej or as his judgment may suggest, until
cured. Children to take it in like manner in pro
portion to their ages. The person who hands this
for publication, is moved by none other than a
humane motive; Jlu has experienced oures in bis
own family, and knows many others of tne most
desperate kind. It is a simple medioine, and not
the least injurious to the most delioate constitution.
Let those who are afflicted, try the einperiment—it
will do no harm—and it will oertaily save life! Let
those who may read this, cut it out of the paper and
carefully preserve it.
Tea-Seed Applications. —The Commissioner
of Patents has issued a circular in reply to the
numerous applications for tea seed which sre pour
iug upon the offioe at the rate of about thirty per
week. The circular says, “that, owiog to the deli
cate nature of the seed, after undergoing so long a
voyage, it would not b 9 advisaole to place them at
present, for experiment, in the hands of those unac
quainted with their culture. Besides, it has been
proved that this product can be successfully culti
vated in various parts of the South, so far as the
soil and climate are noncerned , but this has been
done on so limited a scale that the p ofils could not
be determined, nor the culture extended, from the
difficulty of obtaining a larger supply ot the plants
Hence it would Beem to be advisable that the
present importation Bhould be grown in considerable
quantities in those sections where it is known that
it would mature, in order that more Beede can be
procured, and the culture indefinitely increased.—
Still, it would be proper that experiments Bhould
be made on a limited scale in all parts of the Union
where there would be a probability of success No
disposal will be made of the plants now growing at
the propagating gardens before the oonvenieg of
the next Congress, after which a feasible plan will
be proposed for their distribution.”
LooKtNQ Up.—Mr. Astor, it is said, when once
fording the Susquehanna on horseback, found him
self becoming so dizzy as to be about to lose bis
seat. Suddenly he received a blow on his chin
Irom a trapper, who was bi3 companion, with the
words, “Look up.’’ He did look up, and recover
ed his balance. It was looking on the turbulent
waters that imperrilled his life ; the blow ho re
ceived and the looking up saved it.
It is so often with ourselves under God’s dioi
pline. A sudden shock comes to our own persons
or death descends on one of our friends. At the
moment, with our eyes fixed on self, or some cb
jeot of earthly idolatry, we may be nigh run.
Then God’s providence comes and diefigu eB the
idol, or forcibly withdraws onr eyes from the path
in which we were seeking destruction. In earthly
relations, we would see in each interpositions tne
presence, not only of a wise, but loving friend
Shall we not, when we consider the relations of the
soul, after the Bame thing from God’s chastening
providences ?
Arsenic Eating in Austria. —In Lower Austria
and Syria it appears t > be a common custom
among the peasantry to consume every morning a
small portion of the deadly poison in tbe same man
ner as tbe eastern world consumes opium Dr.
Tschudi, the well known traveler, published an
account of several cos s which had come to h s
knowledge. The habit seems not to be so perni
clous in its results os that of opium eating. It is
commenced by taking a very small does, say some
what lose than half & grain every morning, wh cb's
gradually increased to two or three grains. The
case of a hale old farmer is mentioned, whose
morning whet of arsenic reached the incredible
quantity of four grains. Arsenic eaters grow fat
and ruddy upon this dainty food. It strengthens
tbe iuugs, and relieves the heed, whilst undergoing
eevere fatigue, and entering in a more varied at
mosphere.
Repairing at Mount Vernon.—A writer in the
the Alexandria Gazette, who visited Mt. Vernon a
day or two since, says :
The old tomb, or rather, part of it, where the
body of Washington reposed till tbe year 1832, on a
beautiful knoll near the river, is stilt staadmg. It
optna to the northward and is built of a rather Bolt
white sand stone. This also, we learn, is to be pre
served, if possible from depredation, by an iron
railing. The site of tbe present tomb was fixed
upon by Washington in his lifetime
The building appears to be in the style of the
reign of George the 2d. The garden is surrounded
by a wail, surmounted by a railing, which is In pro
cess of renewal There are at the corners foul very
pretty small octagonal seed houses, with arched
roofs, rounded like a dome— these are now repair
ing—and with every thing else are to be restored,
exactly as Washington designed them, and with
the very tools imported by himself, for the purpoee
of doing the work at Mount Vernon.
Origin op Crinoline — This was originally the
name of a Parisian modiste— one Madame Crino
line, who kept a set of dress-making rooms in the
Rue de la Paix—it evidently came into use to de
note the article moot in repute at her establishment
She it was who, by the invention of horse-aair
woven into a sort of cloth and manufactured into
petticoats, enabled the fair sex to dispense with
That clumsy abomination which always placed
them, if not iu a head! ng hurry, certainly in—a
bustle. The name of the petticoat was given from
that ot tbe inventor, as has frequently happened ;
the crinoline, the petticoat,was derived from Crino
line, the dress maker.
El i: O 1’ F A N IN t’K I. HO i: WG 1 •
Peinii* by llic Srt*n.
We are indebied to the New Y ik agent of tl a
Associated Press, for an adv.nOo copy of the ns
tails of the news brought by She North Briton, at
Quebec.
Earlier Point, July 21—The steamship North
Briton, fr in Liverp ■ i at naif past nine o’clock ou
tt.emorning ot the 13r■. mst., arrived off this point,
fit ft very early Lour liiie mining. Her dates hto
four dates than th<*e already received.
The steatr.ebip Au*lo Smon. irom at
rived at Liverpool on the lUhii>t.
The steamship New York, left Southampton so
New York on the 12th inet.
The War—The Paris Monileur gives the fol
lowing explanation of tbo circumstances attending
the armistice between France aud Austria.
“Thegreat neutral powers exchanged communi
cations with the obieei of i fi tmg tLeir nudiation
to the belligerents, whose first act was to be an
armistice; but the endeavor to bring about ’his
r- suit was not successlul uuti! Boras days ay when
the French fleet was about to begin h ‘ilit ! *-s
against Venice, and anew confiic b*- or. V- a
was imminent. The Emperor ot France, tcl htni
to “is sentiments of mo> eration, ad s-x l us to
prevent the useless effusion oi blood, and .) nil h -*>-
late to assure himeelt whether the di-p s,;i u oi he
Emperor of Austria was conformable to bieowu
It was a sacred duty for the two Emperors m®e
diately to suspend hostilities, wh oh mediation cou and
render objectless. The Emperor of Amelia having
shown similar intentions, the armistice was cou
eluded.”
The two Emperors had an interview at Villa
Franca on the morning ol the Uth. The Emperor
of Austria was accompanied by Gens Uesi, Gram
me Kellner, Klloustem, Homing, Sohmter, aud
others of his s ail
Turin, July 11,1859—An official bulletin pub
fishes the text cl'tile armistice. Besides the urticles
already known, it is stated that the belligerent
armies will keep the positions they uow occupy
The railways to Verona, Peschiera, aud Mantua
may, during the armistice, bo used to carry provi
eions to those fortresses.
Peschiera and Mantua avo be.iug provisioned,
nuo tbe provisioning of Verona will ‘ e completed
in two dya
The works offensive and daletioive of Pescbiera
are to remain iu their pr sent state.
The Convention is signed by Marshal VailLut.
and Generals Martinprev, Delia Kji’oa, Hess aud
Murdoif.
The Emperor Napoleon has issued the folio wing
order of the dsy :
Vat.lxoio, July 111, 1859 —Soldiers . An armis
tice was cone uded ou the Bth instant be ween the
beiiigere t parties to extend to the 15th ot August.
This truce will permit you to rest after your gl ri
ous labors, ami to recover, if mcoasary, new
strength to conclude the work which you have so
gloriously b auguvated by your courage and rose
lution 1 am about to return to Paris, aDd shall
leave the provisional command of the army to
Marshal Vaillant; bnt ns soon a the hour of combat
will bave struck, you will ste me again in your
midst to partake of your dangers.
The Times’ Vlu-uui correspondent says that It
was believed tbeie that tbe British Government
had brought about, tbe armistice.
Another authority says that tbe Prince Begem of
Prussia took the initiatory iu suggesting tic armis
tice.
The Vienna Gazsite says of the armistice, that
an autograph letter, addressed by tbe Emp-ror Na
poleon to the Emperor ot Austria, led to tne nego
tiations, the result of which was a five week's ar
mist cs
A Verona to egraphio despatch nays that the ar
mistice was coiiclndeu alter repeated requests from
tbe French,, and after their consent had been ob
tained to all i he ooncitious asked by Austria.
Count Cavour had again leit Turin for the head
quarters of the allied armies.
The gunboats destined for the bomba dment of
Pesohiera have been launched on the Lake de Ga -
da.
The Times’ Paris correspondent says that the
typhus fever raged in both tbe camps ni Italy, and
that ten to eleven thousand weic atiaoked with it
iu the allied army.
It was said that Napoleon’s planter revolutionising
Hungary and Transylvania was disapproved of bur
Russia.
It was reported that Kossuth wa < topropoaj a
monarchical government for Hungary.
A Trieste dispatch says, that the Austrian war
steamer Curtal one backed by the garrison of the for
tress, sustained a successful contest on the 7th ill
ill*, channel ol the 7.at a with the French frigate lm
petuse
The French iquadron was sailing on the Bth to
wards Po a
Trieste, July ll.—Kourtcon war steamers were
at Luesine yesterday.
Latest by Telegraph I rom London to Liverpool.
fho lesuit oi the iu'erview between the K.uperov
ot Froncu and the Emperor of Austria was the oon
eluding of a peace. Tbe following is tlio iMspatcn
from Napoleon to the Empress, announcing the
faot:
Valleoio, July 11, 1859—Peace la signed be
tween the Emperor ot Austria and myself. The
bases ot peace are;— l he Italian Confederation
under the honorary presidency of the Pope ; the
Emperor of Austria concedes his rights in Lom
bardy to the Emperor of the French, who transfers
them to the King of Sardinia; the Emperor of
Austria preserves Venice, but she will lorm an in
tegral part 1 the lia ian Confederation.
This dispatch was bulletined on the Paris Bourse
on the I2th, and the funds rose two and a half per
cent. —the closing quotations are not mentioned,
but were about 70i.
The news did not tsanspira in Loudon till after
tbe official closing hoar ot Consols, so that its lull
effeot ib not known ; sales were made late in tbe
day at 96J.
The Dally News’ City Artiolo says that the funds
on Tuesday opened quiet, and business remained
stagnant until about two o'clock, when Consols
were quoted 4 per cent, lower than on Monday ,
influential buyers, who arc believod to aot on good
loreigu information, then came forward, and by
three o’clock arieo of one half per cem. had taken
place; betweeu three aud tour, and at a eti 1 later
hour, increased huoyuncy prevailed, owing to tele
grams Irom Paris announc.ugan i fiicial declaration
ol peace, and an advance of two per cent, in the
Rerttc. Consols finally left off three fourths per
cent, higher than on -Monday, and seven-eighths
per cent, above the lowest point of the day. The
other classes of securities responded in the after
noon so tbe buoyancy of the lunds. In the discount
market ou Tuesday the supply ot money was plen
tlful, cud the best, bills were taken at 2} per cent.
The peace is expected to stimulate commercial
enterprise and lead to a higher value of money.
The Times city article sayß several largo pur
chases took place, and Consols speedily improved
nearly one per cent, the tendency in that direction
being greatly stimulated by the fact that noarly ali
the speculators operating bad been for . tall, and
that there was consequently a rush to buy back on
any terms. There were no bullion operations at
the Bank on Tuesday. The supply ot money iu
creases with tbe payment of tbe dividends, aud tbe
impression that the Bank minimum may be reduced
on Thursday, assisted the funus in their upward
movement
Tne Daily News affirms tuat the just hope and
expectations of Italy are deceived. It adds, “His
tory will call the Empeior to a strict account for
having made war on tales pretensions, and signed a
mock and selfish peace—a peace that leaves Aus
tria impregnably fortified m Northern Italy ; that
connects Central Italy to the patronage of tbe Pope
and to the oonstaut. menace of military intervention
on tne part of the Pope’s patrons and protectors
that takes no account of the weltare of the people,
and substitutes for national independence a oonfed
eration under the lock and key of Austrian garri
sons. The Emperor of Franco has sown the seeds
ot future wars, and the closer we examine the pre
tended pacification, tbe more futile and iniquitous
it appears.”
The Morning Pest contends that the soul of the
treaty agreed upon Is tbe nationality guaranteed
under every variety oi local government, in a con
federation of the Italian States.
The Emperor of Austria is to be King of Vene
tia, solely as an internal member of tbe confedera
tion; he will rule less than three million Italians,
and will be controlled by a confederation ruling nut
less than twenty six millions. Tbo Pope is shorn
virtually ot his temporal supremacy . he is deprived
of the substance, but beeps the shadow.
The Times says that Venice must hope that her
independence will not be a mere name, and that
the inllueuceof France and Austria, united will not
be more unbearable than that of Ausiria singly.—
Tbe Romans must hope that the Italian confed
eracy UDdsr the honorary pres and moy o tee Pope,
will be nothing like any government they have
hitherto known. Tbe Papal states are left ni ‘hey
were, but with a maser somewhat k < tb-n
before, tho honorary P. eaide.it of ne Italian on
federation and Gen. Goyou bolds ti e sword at Lis
side.
The King of Naples Is made a member of the
confederation, and has to learn ihe worth of that
annor and Its import Europe has to welc- me a
ntw power—the German confederation older in
dignity if not in time. England has nothing to do
out to look on. Austria is somewhat bumbled, but
relieved of a difficulty. Sardinia Is aggram ized
with a province that mistrusts her aud a neighbor
that has earned an imperishable ami inexhaustible,
claim to ber gratitude. The grand Dukes we sup
pose, are o oe mote to be re installed on their
tnroneg. France has now the game In her own
hands. Bbe has Europe before her Bbeoan raise
all Italy and half tbe Aus r an Empire against tb"se
Germans wb rn she has so often beat *m—yet on tho
very summit ot Ler amni'inn she renounces. Franca
has sceut fiftv millions eti-rl'Dg and 59 Os lb men,
only to give 51 lan a P edmoutcee instead of an
Austrian master, ar and to establish the Pope in an
imperial dignity even beyond his Imagination, and
capable of ex ension. Is all this real? Ihe Em
peior's game must be a very long one.
Great Britain.
In tbe House of Commons on the Iltli the gov
ernment guarantee to tbe Red Bea Telegraph Com
pany was debated, on a motion to postpone the
confirmation of the guarantee. It was generally
conceded that it was *oo late to cancel the con'raoi
aud the motion to postpone was relented and tbe
actiion of the House of Lords in tbe matter was
agreed to.
Mr. D Israeli enquired whether the government
bad received Information on the subject of the ar
mietice, whether it was a mere military intervention,
or whether it involved aDy prospects of negotiations
for peace f
Lo r d John Russell said nothing appeared on the
armistice to mdcate that it appealed to anything
out military purposes. It was, however, tor five
weeks, aria he trusted that during that interva the
bsliigerenr powers would be ready to propose terms
by which bustiiitiss wil be endeo I’he gnvernmert
had no exclusive information but expected oieptnch
es BuOD.
General Peel announced that the entire Miitary
force in the country on the tire’ of June was 100 009
inducing the embodied militia. On the 12th, Lord
Wodehouee, io the House of Loras, and Loro Kur
il il, in tbe Commons, read Napoleon’p telegram
announcing peace. The latter added, that, altLough
thero war uu idea that the Emperor of tbe French
would denial.d Savoy as a compensation for tbe
expenses of the war, “be had made no demand,
and desired no addition to France.” Loud sue
prolonged cheers greeted this announcement.
The Commons agreed to the Lords amendment
to the Atlantic Telegraph Dill. Mr. Lain having
explained the conditions of tbo Government guar
wee. us alreat y known. Lord John Russell stated
that the Government had come to no aetermmation
io respeut to the acceptance of tbe Fee Gee Isl
ands.
The Select Uomin.ttee to enquire Into the Packet
and Telegiapb contracts was appointed
Tbe last grand review and sham fight o* the sea
ton had taken place at Aldershot in the presence of
tbe Qaeen and Royal Family, who remained at the
camp several days.
Kansas.-— The total number of votes, according
to the ciiicitt! returns, cist in Kansas at tbb recent
election of D-legates to the C ustltutional Conven
tion, was 13 531, of which 7,374 were Repub lean
and 6,155 Democratic Tie Democratic majority
north oi Kansas River 319; ‘he Republican majority
south of ibat river w si 538 making the Republican
majority in the Territory I 219
Disastrous Gale on thf. Cca.t or Mexico.—
Cupt. Hpisa, of the eoboouer Virginia Antoinette,
which arrived at New Orleans oc Saturday, 17th
iust, reports that a heavy gale, amounting” almost
to a hurricane, occurred on i.,e29th Juno, off Tecu
lutta and Tuepan. Off the bar at Tuspan, a British
and a French hark, (Dames unknown) and the
Mexican schooner Felipe, were foundered, and all
on board, twenty-four to Dumber, were lost.