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(tjjnmick & Sentinel.
Correspondence cf the Chronicle <J- Sentinel.
GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
ViLLEDGEYiLLE, NOV. H, 1859.
SEE ATE.
Mr. Editor Id the Senate this morning the
lion Thomas W. Miller was elected by ballot as
President pro tem. Mr. Miller remarked that aa he
has anew member, cot entirely familiar with the
1 m>, he etould have to crave the indulgence of
to* Senate, should it become neceeeary for him to
pre.-ide, and warmly returned hie tfaanke to Senators
tor the compliment.
The business before the body was reading bills a
third time.
Bill to make Guardians of Ineace persons parties
to suite where the former Guardian dies. Mr. Collin
proposed to amend, so that this bill do not affect
suite now pending, which Mr. Hill, of Troup, op
posed. Tne amendment was lost and the bill pass
ed
Bill to alter the law regulating new trials—pass
ed.
Bill to amend the law relative to admission of
teftiiDODy—pa*-‘td.
Hi 1 to punish keepers of gaming tables, such a?
cbw k luck, cracfttioo, Ate., by imprisonment 3 to 6
i/iobtba, and betters at eucli „>mes from one to three
months. Referred.
A resolution was introduced to bring on the elec
t >n of two persons to codify the laws of this State,
t til! the vacancies of lion. H. V. Johnson and 1.
J. Harris.
Bill to make a.l field bands subject to road duty—
regardless ot age—lost.
Bill to incorporate the town of Warrenton.—
Amended so as to confer certain powers on Atlanta
to restrict toe saie of goods by itinerants, and regu
late sale of Lottery Tickets. Mr. G iver wished to
exempt home made goods, and allow the sale of
Lottery Tickets.
Mr. bturgis proposed to refer the bill to the Ju
diciary Committee.
Mr. King hoped the Senate would act upon if, aa
it was local, and the committee was already burden
ed with buxines*.
Mr Jones of Newton and Mr. Miller both op
posed ti e c ale of Lottery Tickets as contrary to the
lawn of Georgia.
Mr.Collin thought Lottery Tickets were so'd in
Auguita and elsewhere, and the proviso was in
tended to empower Atlanta to suppress such sales.
Mr Briscoe opposed the whole Lottery system.
Mr. Hill of Troup proposed that the City Council
ot Atlanta be authorized to impose a fine of fotH)
for every ticket sold.
Col. Fulton suggested that the State reserve the
right to alter or modify the restriction at any time.
Mr. Holt was opposed to the whole business, if it
authorized peddling in any mariner.
The suspicion was now great in the public mind
that these pack peddlers were emissaries of “Old
Brown,” a gentleman from Greene had caught
the.n about hia negro quarters, and when he re
proved them they drew tneir revolvers.
Mr. Hill was altogether opposed to any itinerant
peddlers from abroad—there were too many peo
p!e from abroad already here, who had no honest
business.
Finally the amendment of Mr Hill was adopted,
and the bill as amended parsed.
The rules were suspended to allow Mr Holt to
introduce a resolution that a special committee of
live be appointed, to take into consideration the
whole matter of peddling.
Mr. Atkinson introduced a resolution that a
committee be appointed to confer with a committee
on the part of the House on the best plan of com
mon education.
The Htate Aid bill was read a third time and
made the special order for next Monday the 21st.
Both 11 oases agreed to meet this afternoon to read
biih a second time.
It is oertaiuly desirable that some well devised
plan be carried through this session to break up
those swindling shops of the Lottery dealers, and
to abate the nuisance of peddlers. These little Jew
tedders, and irishmen selling table cloths ought to
e prohibited and that without delay. At the same
time Italian and Polish beggars and organ grinders
ought to be debarred from coming within the limits
of ibis State. This wbele swarm of vagabonds is a
pest that theSta'e should be relieved ot as epeedily
an possible. Unless this be done, as soon as the
winter fairly eels in, the whol* country will be
overrun with these who have been ruined by
ruthless Auatriatson the fair plains of Italy. The
late Italian war will produce a perfect harvest of
beggars on this side of the Atlantic, every scoun
drel ot whom will have hi* -paper* made out accord
ing to older by the Chatham street Jews.
HOUSE.
In the House tLis morning, Mr. Fain of Union
moved to re consider the lost bill of Haturday, in
creasing the fees ot Attorney and Solicitors Gene
ral- -Lost.
The counties were called for new matter,
when twenty-seven bills were introduced, making
the whole number two hundred and twenty-five.
Mr. Watford : A bill to endow a professorship of
Natural .Sciences and Agriculture in Cherokee Bap
tist College.
.Mr Lewis of Greene: A resolution, that the
clerk employ ten additional clerks in the engrossing
department, to expedite business.
Mr. Hartridge : A bill to incorporate the Savan
nah and Baltimore Steamship Company.
Mr. Screven: A bill to exempt forever from
taxation, one acre ot land in Montgomery county,
where rest the remains of George M. Troup.
Mr Greene of Cobb : A bill to make all proper
ty mbjeot to the purchase money, before executions
tomided on any other debt.
Mr. Tatum : A resolution authorizing the Gover
nor to subscribe for copies enough, at seventy five
cents each, of the Laws passed this Session of a
general character, proposed to be published by
Waters, to supply County ctlicers.
Mr. Cook: A bill to amend the charter of the
Atlantic and Guif Railroad Company, and to pre
scribe that its western terminus be at Columbia,
Alabama.
Mr. Fannin of Morgan : A bill requiring Execu
tors to give ten days notice to legatees and those
who would claim were there no will, of the time
and place of preparing a will for probate.
Also, a bill to punish wife whipping—tine or im
prisonment, or both. This is decidedly rich, coming
from the bachelor member from Morgan. Perhaps
be feels entirely sate himself, or else this may be a
roup dr main of his to storm the citadel of some
lair damsel's or lively widow's heart.
Judge Gib-on : A bill to incorporate Richmond
Fire Company No. 7.
Mr. Whaley : A bill to empower the Superior
Courts to appoint commissioners to divide personal
property betw T esn jo.ut owners.
Mr. Patton : A bill to form anew county from
Walker and Chattooga.
BILLS ON THIRD READING.
Hill to make the hire of negroes cease upon the
death of the negro—amended by a proviso that this
onlv effect cases where a negro dies not from any
netfieet
Mr. Lewis of Greene opposed the bill, say ing the
law was good enough as it stands, and be was op
posed to so much legislation. A capital idea.
Judge Gibson sustained the bill, saying that cor
porations now hiring negroes put it into their notes
that they will only pay tor the time the negro lives,
and hegdesiredall to be put upon an equal footing.
Mr. Tuggle opposed the bill on the ground that
if the hire should be compulsory for the whole time,
where the negro died from neglect, would neces
sitate much litigation, as it would be difficult to
prove neglect.
Mr. Fannin of Troup offered an amendment
allowing the hirer to annul the contract and take
the negro iu possession whenever he thinks said
negro is not properly cared for—the amendment
t arried, and the bill as amended was put upon its
passage, when Mr. llartridge addressed the House
in opposition to the bill, and in favor of the law as
it is.
The law uow in existence was designed to pro
tect the property of minors, Ac . and it was right
that it should be protected. The law compelling
payment for the who e time was designed to make
it the interest of the paity hiring to treat, the negro
properly. The law now also, as Judge Gibson had
remarked, even compelled the party hiring to
pay the full value of a slave dying in his posession,
if the death occur from ill-treatment. He further
objected that the amendment of Mr. Fannin was
contrary to all legal principle, in allowing one party
to annul a contract at his own option. Mr. Hart
ridge was in favor of extending every possible pro
taction to that species of property, and read from
Judge l umpkin, that the strongest safeguard for
slavery was adequate and ample protection to
aiaves.
Mr Fannin explained that he did not intend to
vote for the bill, even as amended. Upon a di
vision, the bill was lost by a large majority.
Bill to incorporate Western Insurance Company
—name changed to Home Insurance Company and
passed.
Bill to repeal the act increasing salaries of
Governor and Judges. The committee reported
■unfavorably, and upon sustaining that report, the
ayes and nays were demanded, resulting, ayes 109,
nays 33. So the report was agreed to and the bill
tost.
Retrenchment never will t&ke place while there
is a full Treasury, as at present.
Bill to punish white persons who procure the
commission, by slaves or free persons of color, of
crimes punishable with death, by imprisonment in
the Penitentiary from five to twenty years.
Mr. Lewis, of Hancock, proposed hanging in
stead of the Peuitentiary.
Mr. Hart ridge opposed, but the amendment was
agreed to, and the bill passed.
Hill to regula e pleadings, amendments, Ac.
Mr. Alexander, the young member from Floyd,
made a sound speech in favor, desiring that plead
ings be simplified for the benefit of defendants as
well as plaintiffs, and insisting that cases be tried
t>n their merits and not on the technicalities and
quibbles of the profession.
Mr. Lester made a Lawyer * speech, de
nouncing the Jack Jones term, and this bill as even
worse, tending to destroy the dignity of the profes
sion. wV a. Lost upon a division.
Bill to allow ex Judges to sign bills of exception,
as such, iu certain cases—passed.
Bill to prohibit poet mortem manumission of
slaves —passed.
Bill to regulate practice, requiring Judges to
charge the Jury in irnfing—passed.
Resolution from the Senate, requiring our Sena
tors and Representatives in Congress, to use their
best endeavors to continue the appropriation for
Dahlonega mint—passed.
Balance of toe morning consumed in reading
bills second time.
On motion of Major McWhorter, the House
agreed to mest at 3P. M .to read bills second
time. B.
Millidgeville, Nov. 16th.
SENATE.
In the Senate on a call ot the roll, Mr. Atkinson
ntroduoed three resolut ous, one relating to those
who bad aided in the Kansas disturbances, one in
relation to those who had aided and abetted the
Harper’s Ferry invasion, and one relating to slavery
as a civiue institution.
The special order, the reduction bill of the Hon.
John Bulups. was taken up, and consumed the en
tire morning hour. I have not time nor space to
give a full report. The bid proposed to make 33
Senatorial districts, one Senator from each, and 101
Representation districts, with each a representative.
Mr Bil ops made a strong speech in favor of the
bill, thinking it a matter of the first importance,
that the people demanded reduction, arc that pa
triot-sin required the matter should be settled. He
urged Senators to oome to the task manfully. Other
large States had not more than half or one third the
Lumber of Legislators we have, and our very num
bers created confusion and crippled business.
Mr. Fame favored reduction, but not on the basis
of population. Besides he made this question eub
servient to the question of State aid. and moved
that the bill be referred.
Mr. Hal propped to refer to a special Committee,
cue tro n each Congressional diatnct.
Mr Evans suggested one from each Jadicial
Diabict and Mr. Hall accepted.
Mr. Hill of Troup hoped Senators would express
their views now, to avoid taking on amendments
wteu the bill came up for action.
Mr Miller thought tcis aa important question,
■ -t preterred a member from eacn county, making
the Senate as small as you please,
Mr. Hall thought that if this matter can not be
carried through until another legislature is elected,
t*e were wasting time in this discussion the present
eeseior.
Mi Lawton thought this a proper time to discuss
the question, and was verv sorry to hear that it was
t„ be made subservient to'State aid. It that be so,
he teared reduction could cot be accomplished.
Mr Harriett tuought this question had already
been fully discussed by the people and the press,
every press favoring reduction. The question was
understood—it was useless to waste time, and he
opposed any reference of the bill He preferred a
constitutional Convention, but was ready to vote
ou the question in any shape.
Mr. Hall withdrew’ his motion to refer, and the
question recurred upon agreeing to the report.
Mr. Oliver propoeed to amend so as to give one
Representative to each county.
Mr Uillups moved to amend the amendment by
providing that there should not be more than ltd
eo unties.
Mr. Lenoir represented a large voting population
and he thought it aujust to give the small coiintiee
as much power as the large.
Mr. Atkinson made the point of order that the
bill could not be entertained tbUeeeeion. The chair
ruled him out, when Mr. Atkmeou appealed, oalled
the ayes and nays, and the chair wae sustained by
ayes 102, nays 12-
Mr. Holt moved to refer to a committee of one
from each Jndioial District, with instructions to
report a bill tor constitutional convention.
Mr Seward made the point of order that a con
stitutiooal convention ru not germain to the bill.
Dr McGehee thought it proper to meet the
ueetion dow and not refer it to a convention.
Mr Holt withdrew hie motion.
Mr. Hall was in favor of reduction and wedded
to do plan, but he thought it safest and shortest to
refer the matter to a convention.
Mr. Miller thought popular opinion in bis aection
decidedly for redaction, and that we ought to act
uow. and he waa opposed to reference.
Mr. Hill thought it wrong to mingle thia bill up
with the Convention bill. The Convention waa
proper and right, to revise the Constitution, and if
the Convention bill pass, the passage of thia reduc
t’on uill can do no harm. If this bill pass, and the
Convention is not called, then we have accomplish
ed that much for reduction
Mr Ward hoped the bill would now be acted on,
and if it failed to pass, we can then fail back on
the Convention.
The amendment of Mr. Billupe waa lost. The
queetion was then on the amendment of Mr. Oliver,
when Mr Lenoir offered a substitute
Mr. Evans gave notice of a substitute for the
whole bill, providing for 44 Senators, and 157 Rep
resentatives. one from each county and one addi
tional from 25 largest counties.
Mr. Cannon offered an amendment proposing
33 districts—four counties to a district and each
county to have one Representative.
Mr. Harris of Dougherty proposed three countiee
to a district.
Mr. Lenoir opposed making the districts on the
number ot counties.
The amendment ot Mr. Harris was adopted.
Mr. Lawton and Mr. Gartrell both offered sub
stitutes for the bill. The amendment of Mr Can
non was lost.
Mr. Cooper opposed the apportionment accord
ing to population.
Mr. Collier asked if Senators thought counties
were Sovereignties ?
Mr. Hill said the States were equal sovereign
ties, and it was important to protect the weak
States and give proper power to the larger. We
ought to proceed in the same way in our Legisla
ture, only it was proposed to reverse the order.
In the House make all the counties equal, and the
small counties are protected, analogous to the U.
S. Senate. If we carry out the same plan in the
Senate, there would be no distinction, and the
whoie Assembly would represent Territory. But
if one branch represent Territory, the other must
represent population. It did not matter which
branch represented population, but it waa better for
the House to represent Territory, because there
were so many counties, but it wa= wrong to make
the countiee equal in bolli branches.
Mr. Cannon would vote for no measure {that
made the Senate represent population.
Mr. Seward sustained him, and said Mr. Hill's
plan would make the Senate the Representative
branch.
Mr Paine thought the House should represent
population, and not the Senate.
Mr Lawton thought the House ought to repre
sent the people, and that the Senate be a check on
the House, though that was not the case now. He
did not think it important to decrease the number
in the House, but decrease the Senate and have
Senators elected for different periods, according to
his substitute. He hoped Mr. Hill would not urge
his substitute. Strong counties and.wealthy locali
ties ought to be heard in the popular branch.
Mr. Uill thought there was no difference between
himself and Messrs. Seward and Lawton. One
branch must represent Territory, the other popu
lation. And as we have made the House represent
Territory, the Senate mutt represent population,
and it couid be done no other way unless you make
the House email and the Senate large. The reason
the D. 8. Senate was small was because there were
/etc States, and therefore the Senate was made to
represent Territory. He moved to make the bill
the special order for Thursday, which wascarried,
and the Senate adjourned.
The chief diflinulty in reduction is that the coast
counties, and some others are large, but with small
population, and they do not desire to be shorn of
their unjust and unequal strength—at least not un
til they have carried State aid. Why not refer the
whole matter to a Convention, allow each county
one Representative, divide the State into senatorial
Districts, according to population—say 40 Districts
with one Senator, or 8 Districts with five, or five Dis
tricts with eight, elect them for six years, and ar
range for one third to go out every two years, the
whole Representatives to be elected biennially.
The difficulty is in the idea of oompaning the Legis
lature to Congress. In Congress, the Senate repre
sents territory, the House populations because the
States are few iu number. Here our whole idea
of the Representative branch looks to a member
from each county—consequently, the Senate must
represent numbers, or be the same in reality as
the House, which is wrong iu principle, as Mr.
Hill clearly shows.
house.
In the House this morning, after reading the
Journal, Mr. Alexander moved to reconsider the
lost bill of yesterday, to simplify pleadings—and
addressedjthe House. We have already started in
the good work, let us continue it. Our forms are
already adopted in many of the States, and even in
England. Which latter had sent a commissioner
to this country to examine legal forms, and he pre
ferred those of Georgia.
Major Williams favored the utmost simplification,
even to the abolitiou of “John Doe and Richard
Roe,” and hoped the idea would be abandoned
that a knowledge of lorms constituted the real law
learning.
Mr. Lester opposed any further simplication, and
thought the judiciary act of 1799, was a better rule
of pleadings than any simplification attempted since.
Mr. Tatum thought the public sentiment of Geor
gia, progressive as it was, demanded the passage of
this bill.
Mr. Cullens opposed the bill as an innovation
upon well settled forme, and thought the proposed
measure, instead of avoiding tecnnicalities, really
substituted a mere name of plea, instead of setting
forth plainly and fully the grounds of defence. The
motion to reconsider was carried 71 to 36.
BILLS ON THIRD READING.
Bill to amend the act incorporating the Yahooia
Hose Mining Company. Several amendments pro
posed by the committee were adopted. Mr. Lewis
ot Hancock moved further to amend so as to re
serve to the State the privilege of taxing the Dett
earnings of this company, or of requiring at any
time a bonus lor the extraordinary privilege granted.
The amendment was adopted and the bill passed—
only two members voting no, of which one was
my friend Colvard.
Bill to incorporate American Hose Mining Com
pany—passed.
The companies propose to take the water from
creeks and rivers through canals, and by hose pour
the water on the hills, washing them bare to the
rocks, thereby, not only gaining the surface gold,
but laying open the veins, pockets, &.C., in the
underlaying rock. They will doubtless be of great
advantage to the section In which they are located,
but the feature objected t by Mr. Colvard, and
which is cerlainly very objectionable, is that the act
empowers these companies to build their canals and
trestles through and over any mans land, whether
he consent or not, leaving him only the power to
get damages by cl oosiug one referee, the company
one, and these two to ohoose a third whose award
shall be final—and if the injured party fail or neg
lect to choose a referee then the Interior court of
the oounty shall appoint one for him. The prin
ciple is radioaliy wrong, and entirely incompatible
with the legal property rights of the owner of
the soil.
Bill for the private execution of criminals—Lost
upon a division.
When Mr. Lewis of Greene felt constrained,
though he disliked it very much, to demand the
Ayes and Mays. He was really surprised at the
opposition here to the bill, beoause the Press, which
he supposed spoke the public sentiment, was every
where iu favor of private executions. He under
stood that the member from Lumpkin, who last
year killed a similar bill, was left at nome this year
for that very act
Mr. Lewis opposed public executions, because
they vitiated the public taste, damaged the public
morals, and had utterly failed of their main object,
to deter persons troui the oommission of capital
oifenoes. Public executions draw vast crowds, it
is true, but so would any other indecent show. The
spectators being generally ignorant and supersti
tious, the sight produces an infectious excitement,
leading to gross immoralities as all experience
teaches, and even tending to produoe in some a
morbid desire to occupy the culprit’s place. The
idea of private death, even by natural causes, is
horrible—still more the idea of a private felon'
death—while a public death produces rather a dif
ferent feeling, a feeling of heroic exultation.
Mr Delouey opposed the bill, and thought all
acta of the Judiciary should be public. If justice
required a man to be hung, let him be hung where
every body could see him. We want no Bastile
in Georgia 1 The theory of our government required
all the acts of publio servants to be open to all the
people ; and if a poor wretch has to be hung, let
him have the minister, the crowd, and every thing
which can make him feel like a hero 1 Avery
strange taste for such a decent looking man as he,
unless bis people like tuch shows, and he is talking
for Buncombe.
Mr. Ector said in tavor of the bill, that wherever
private executions have been adopted, the system
has worked well, and there is no disposition to give
them up for the demoralizing spectacle of publio
hanging.
Mr Smith, of Towns, opposed the bill, saying
that he bad heard no good reason for abandoning
the present system, if public execution make a
he. oof the criminal, so also does the public trial,
and the argument is as good in favor of private
trials as private executions. He instanced what a
hero had been made of Dred Scott, by the trial of
the cause.
Mr. Hartridge spoke in favor of the bill. He had
been the Slate s prosecuting officer, and had the
misfortune to bring offeudeis to the gallows (How
is it n misfortune to secure to criminals the just
punishment for their offences, we should like to
know ‘) The theory of public execution is, that it
debars from the commission of crime, but facts
prove that it has failed.
It excites commiseration, pity, sympathy, any
other feeling than terror. At the execution of a
negro in Chatham, the negroes held meetings, sang
psalms, and exhorted the criminal not to succumb
to terror, but to be a man. Public executions, like
the reading of Jack Sheppard and Dick Tuipin,
produce uc repugnance to the crime, but tend rather
to create, in certain classes of minds, an enjoyment
of the idea of the criminal's position. Rather then
see the bill lost, Mr. Hartridge proposed an amend
ment, leaving it discretionary with the Inferior
Court to order either public or private executions.
Amendment adopted.
Mr. Harris moved further to amend that the body
be subjected to examination by physicians, to see
whether death has supervened. Carried.
The question taen recurred upon the passage of
the bill as amended, when Mr. Harris addressee the
Hoa-e iu favor, saying that publio executions, ac
cording to all history, were detrimental to the public
good. Our sympathies naturally and usually follow
tue criminal throughout the trial, and they culminate
finally on the scaffold. He thought the criminal s
attention should be called liom the fleeting show of
the hour, to the vast importance of the future, and
that the good of the criminals own soul demanded
private executions. Mr. Harris made a beautiful
speech, and the ladies in the gallery seemed well
pleased. On the passage of the bill the ayes were
§B, nays 6U.
May we not hope that the odions. barbarous,
heart sickening spectacle ot the gibbet and the
hangman be forever banished from the public gaze
it Georgia.
The Constitutional Convention bill of Mr. Fan
nin, of Morgan, the most important bill before the
House, was made the special order for Tnursday
next.
Bill to allow administrators to sell property pri
vately in certain cases—lost
BiU to appropriate SISOO to build a turnpike
ana bridge in Miller county, Msjor McWhorter in
the chair It was moved to amend by striking out
the appropriating clause.
Mr. Lewis, ot Greene, said that as this appro
priation was asked as a matter of iustux, he must
say that his idea of justice did not tally with the
idea of taking money out of the Treasury for any
such purpose. He had opposed the formation of
that county and others upon the ground, that either
they wouiii be compelled, for oounty purpoeee. to
oppress their own people, or to ask money from
those counties who paid largely of the taxes, or
both.
Mr. Harris supported the appropriation on prio
ciple, and the principle was. that it is the duty of
the State to use its means to develop the minds and the
sou of the people, lie had set out with that prin
ciple, and it should always control his conduct
Mr Suggle opposed tne appropriation as unjust
to other portions of the State. As to following in
the footsteps of ocr fathers, his father bad never
been in either end of the Capitol, and if be had,
and bad voted for such appropriations, he had a ton
here who never would do so.
Mi. Harris reminded the gentleman of the Irish
man s pig. The gentleman s portion of the State
had got appropriations long ago—now he wanted
none, and wanted to refuse olher portions. The
amendment was carried on a division the ayee
and nayS were called, when Judge Gibeon spoke
against st riking out. Appropriations had been made
heretofore, and he recollected when a boy that the
State had a hundred negroes making roads through
that hue rich country irurn MilledgevUle to Augus
ta.
Mr. Thrasher favored the appropriation, and
thought the iloh ought to help their poor relations.
Mr Tatum said the policy of the State had al
ways been to make theee appropriations, and tbat
they were all more or lees local, even the Western
A Atlantic Railroad. He nad no fear of his people
overthrowing him, for voting their money out of
the Treasury, for their appropriations
Msjor Williams spoke warmly in favor of grant
ing “the small pitiful sum of $1,500,” aa South
Western bad received nothing, while other portions
of the State had received so much.
Mr Ely favored the appropriation not solely for the
benefit of Miller county, but because it was a pub
lic advantage to the whole State. All improvements
tending to increase the value of property kept our
people at home, stopped emigration, and etrethened
us as a people, in the best element of suength.
On the amendment to strike out the appropria
tion the ayes were 79 nays 43, and the bill was then
indefinitely postponed.
The morning hour having passed the House ad
journed.
It seems to me that there is a growing feeling of
sectional hostility between different portions of our
beloved State, which is very much to be deplored
The older and richer counties seem very jealous of
the younger and poorer getting a little of their
money our of the Treasury. lam certainly opposed
to the plan of late years of creating so many new
countiee, but I strongly favor all appropriations
tending to develop the resources of the State, to
increase the value,of taxable property, to strengthen
us in population and wealth. And what benefits
in these respects, any portion of the State, benefits
the whole State, and instead of being a mere local,
it is a public and general good. lam even old
fogy enough to believe that $150,000 appropriated
from the Treasury for roads and bridges would pro
duce more benefit to the State than the same
amount expended lor common education, upon any
plan which has heretofore been adopted, or which
seems likely to be. In fact I think this whole sub
ject of education has been, or likely to be soon,
“run into the ground,” and it is a fallacious hum
bug, especially female education. B.
Milledgeville, Nov. 16th, 1859.
SENATE.
In the Senate, after reading the journals, the
Committees reported a number of bills.
Mr. Holt: A bill to repeal the peddling laws now
of force.
Col. Fulton: A bill to abolish the Senatus Acade
micus.
Mr. King reported some House bills.
Mr. Harris, of Dougherty, moved to take up the
House bill to make certain
advances. ”
Mr. Briscoe moved to amend, by appropriating
$4,000 of the printing fund of 1859 to Boughton,
Nisbet and Barnee —agreed to, and the bill passed.
It was immediately transmitted to the House, which
concurred in the Senate amendment the bill was
enrolled, signed by the Governor, returned before
the adjournment, and received tcilh cheers. .
Mr. Merrill asked leave to report a bill to enable
Ordinaries to compel Executors, See., to make spee
dy settlement.
The special order, the bill for the pardon of Choice
was then taken up.
Mr. Paine made a beautiful speech in favor of the
pardon.
Mr. Miller made a legal argument, proving ac
cording to the evidence, that Choice waa not of
“sound memory and discretion” at the time of the
killing, and therefore the crime could not be mur
der.
Mr. Jones of Newton opposed the bill. He ap
preciated the plea of mercy, but justice was para
mount. Drunkenness was no excuse for crime, if it
were, we need have no criminal laws; said if the
prisoner were insane at the time of the killing why
has he not shown insanity since. If Choice had not
had a fair trial, let his counsel take the case to the
Supreme Court.
Mr. Holt said we were not here as jurors, and
even if we were, could twelve men of this body be
found who would not have a reasonable doubt of
guilt ?
Crime consisted of both act and intention , but no
one could have the intention whose reason was
dethroned. The charge of the albe and virtuous
Judge Bull, that insanity produced by drink, waa
no excuse, was in direct opposition to the laws of
God, the definition of crime, aud the provisions of
our penal code. Not one of the witnesses testified
that they believed be was sane at the time of the
killing, oat of 25.
It is not necessary even to establish fully the fact
of insanity, but the simple queetion is, is there not
a leasonable doubt of the prisoner’s guilt?
Mr. Wallace desired justice in this case, and op
posed the pardon. He thought Senators ought not
to be influenced by those who were witnesses or
attorneys in the case, as they could cot be un
biassed.
He thought it would be a grievous wrong upon
society to turn loose a criminal convicted in the
court of justice.
Mr. Miller said he bad just re perused the evidence
and one witness, for him, waa sufficient to prove
the insanity. Dra. Gregory and Westmoreland
both testified positively, and it was as clear as noon
day, that the man did not, at the time, possess the
discretion which would enable him to commit
crime.
Mr. Collier remarked that he did not design say
ing anything, but he could not patiently submit to
hear his people spoken of as a savage, infuriated
mob. Senators talked of sympathy for the prison
er’s mother, where was their sympathy for de
ceased’s widow, and orphan children ? He admit
ted that the citizens of Atlanta did pass resolutions
that if the prisoner was acquitted, they would hang
him, and that two attorneys volunteered to prose
cute, as the widow was poor. He urged that if a
man voluntarily destroyed his reason by drink, he
was responsible, and that it was not the duty of the
State to prove a criminal sane, that being always
the presumption. Rev. Mr. Wilkes testified that
prisoner ascribed his act to liquor, and Dr. Thomp
son's evidence shows, that although he acted like a
maniac, he was not devoid of reason. He earnest
ly appealed to Senators not to turn loose such a
criminal to prey upon society.
Mr. Hill, of Troup, obtained the floor, when the
Senate adjourned till 3 P. M.
Long before the hour of meeting the galleries
was crowded with ladies, and every available place
in and about the Senate Chamber waa crowded by
anxious listeners. President Guerry called the
Senate to order, and requested, by desire of Mr.
Hill, that there should be order in the lobby and
gallery.
Mr. Hill addressed the Senate in a most lucid,
clear convincing legal argument, making his points
distinctly as he went on, and proving every thing
by reason and authority. He spoke two hours and
a half and then gave way for a motion to adjourn
till to morrow morning without closing his speech.
Mr. Hill asked that the Senate would excuse him
from voting on the bill, under the circumstances,
he having been Attorney in the case. He had
thought of not speaking on the case, but felt that
duty required it of him, as he really believed Sena
tors did not thoroughly comprehend the case.
Choice had been tired in a continuity clamorous for
his blood, when resolutions had been passed de
claring an intention to hang him if acquitted by a
Jury, who had been thu6 excited, when even the
officers who summoned Jurors had clamored for hang
ing, and men desirious of the same had asked to be
called as witnesses. As the venue could not be chang
ed, it was impossible to have a fair trial, while these
prejudices existed. If the case had been carried
to the Supreme Court, aud anew trial granted, it
would have to take place under the same circum
stances, so we came here as the last resort, and ap
pealed for justice without prejudice. “The most
dangerous of ati prejudices, is that which is honest.”
Mr. Hill made the points according to the evi
dence, that the only witness who saw the killing,’
testified to insanity—that every witness who saw
prisoner immediately after the.killing, testified to
insauity—that every witness who saw the prisoner
on the day of the killing testified to insanity, except
Mr. Haden, and he only casually spoke to him in
passing, and that every expert, every medical man
called to the stand, testified to the same. The evi
dence es insanity was overwhelming Physicians, as
well aa others, testified that in 1850 Choice had, by
a fall from a buggy, received a injury resulting in
concussion of the brain, which produced mad de
lirium for weeks, that siuoe the iujuiy he had been
morose, distracted, crazy periodically, and that be
labored underthe disease called Oinomacia.
As to drunkenness, as charged, there was no
single iota of evidence of his being drunk at the
time of the killing, nor immediately before, and
there was only a presumption that he was drink
ing, arising from his conduct, which was clearly
accounted for in the absence of proof of drunken
ness, on the ground of periodic insanity—this in
sanity, as all the physicians testified,! might be
brought on by other exciting causes. The evidence
of Bower, that on the day before the killing
Choice spoke of his mother's illness and probable
death, with the anguish of a shattered intellect,
and with the look of a man between despondency
and despair, showed he was insane, and a man in
whom affection for his mother produced insanity,
“God never made a murderer of.”
Mr. Hill next held that even if he were drunk,
the disease, oinomania, caused the drinking, aud it
was not a voluntary act, and therefore ho was not
responsible. Next he explained the statute, that if
drunkenness was no excuse, still the very same
Btatute prohibits conviction of any lunatic, or in
sane person, clearly showing that the law designed
there should be no conviction of an insane person,
even if his insanity were produced by drinking
and the drinking were his voluntary act. Next he
stated that Judge Bull had charged, contrary to
what h 6 had asked, and contrary to what was law,
as he cleariy showed by numerous authorities, that
drimkenness couid not even mitigate or grade the
crime, but that the jury must either convict of
murder, or acquit. It was not law, and it waa not
reason, but as the jury, under Judge Bull’s charge,
felt themselvee unable to grade the crime, and
brought a verdict of guilty of murder, it became
the du.y of the Legislature, acting in the spirit of
the law, to set aside this verdict, which was con
trary to law. The holding of the Court below be
ing clearly illegal, and the jury under that false
and illegal bolding, having been prevented from
grading the crime, and as the Legislature could not
change the verdict from murder to manslaughter,
the only thing left was to set aside the verdict ana
pardon.
The effort of Mr. Hill was the most masterly le
gal argument, perhaps, ever delivered on that
floor, as waa conceded by men of all parties, at its
close. The evidence, and his argument on it, clear
ly show that there was no murder, and if the Leg
islature do not interfere, a man not of sound mem
ory and discretion mast be hung—which would add
another to the bloody catalogue of Judicial murders.
Mr. Hill made no appeals to bis audience for mercy
—he only asked justice.
HOUSE.
There was not much business of importance
transacted in the House this morning, and the
Senate was engaged almost entirely in the discus
sion of the bill for the pardon of that poor, unfor
tunate demented young man. Wm. A Choice.
In the House, after reading the Journal, on mo
tion of Mr. Smith, of Towns, the bill lost yesterday
appropriating SISOO to bnild a bridge in Miller
county, was reconsidered—ayes 58, nays 57.
Upon a call of the counties, fifty-five bills were
introduced, making 280 so far; among others, the
following :
Mr. Delony: A bill declaring the rights of bus
bands to deceased wives’ property—and making
them liable for contracts ot deceased wives, so far
as the property of wives in possession would satis
fy said contracts. Also, a bill for the rendition of
fugitive criminals.
Mr. Screven : A bill amending the Savannah &
Albany Railroad charter.
Mr. “Lester : A bill amending the Bank Relief
act of 1857, so as to give claimants, in case of sus
pension. principal, interest, and twenty five per
cent, damages, judgment at first term, and requiring
the collection of the execution in specie.
Mr. Kelly : A bill to prevent the marriage of first
cousins—as if man were wiser than the Creator
Mr. Lewis, of Hancock ; A bill lendmg $150,000
of State Bonds to Mark A. Cooper, for the purpose
of encouraging the Iron industry. Also, a bill
appropriations $35,000 annually to the State Uni
versity. for the purpose of building up schools of
science, 4c c., and requiring the University to
educate for teachers, tree. 112 or more students,
such students to be selected by the Inferior Courts
of each county. Also, a bill to protect the morals
of the youth of this State —prohibiting the sale of
liquor within three miles of any school or college,
unless leave is granted by the Inferior Court, and
then only upon a petition of a majority of the resi
dents within three miles of said school.
Mr. Ector: A bill for encouraging Volunteer
Companies.
Mr. McDonald of Murray: A bill to form anew
county of Cass, Cobb, Cherokee and Paulding.
Judge Gibson: A bill to prevent the sale, by
samples, of goods by itinerents, unless by license
of SIOO from Inferior Courts and a tax of cne tenth
of one per cent.
Mr. Irwin : A bill to erect a monument to Gov.
Jared Irwin.
Msior Wiliams of Muscogee : A bill increasing
the salaries of State House officers to $2,000.
Mr. Wicker: A bill to exempt from levy and
sate a negro—which negro to be held in trust by the
ordinary for the benefit of the wife and children.
This bUI does not apply to conti acts heretofore
made. It is a good bill,’ similar to laws already of
force in other Southern States, designed to strength
en the institution and to protect the small slave
holders , by increasing the number of slaveholders.
Mr. Selman: A resolution that no new matter be
introduced after the 23d inst, and that the Legis
lature adjourn on the Ist December.
BILLS OS THIRD RIADIKG.
Some twenty bills were acted on, among others
A bill to reduce the freight on lime, salt and grain
on the State Koad for agricultural purposes, to three
cents per bushel—passed.
Bill to make one day’s notice sufficient for hands
summoned to work the roads in Cherokee and Co
lumbia counties—passed.
Bill to give bodies of executed negroes to Medi
cal Collegee—lost
Biil to change county elections to the first Wed
netday in January. The ayes and nays were de
manded, and resulted—ayee 91, nays 30.
The osteneible object of the bill is to relieve good
people from the necetnty of desecrating the Sabbath,
by penning See., when the election comes on Monday;
but the real effect will be to increase the number of
persons who will aid in this detestable work—many
being now restrained from such on accoum of their
respect for the Sabbath, who will be left free to
enjoy in it.
Bill to incorporate the Madison and Eatonton R.
R. Company—passed.
Bill to require Sheriffs, Ac , in Randolph county
to advertise iu the Cuthbert Reporter—or in other
words a bill for the relief of the Cuthbert Reporter.
This biU was lost, upon a division, by a large ma
jority. when the ayeß aDd nays were demanded.
Mr. Tuggle made some vety sensible remarks
against the bill, when a second division was taken,
and the bill lost.
Bill to make a Hydropathic Doctor of Samuel
Irwin—lost upon a division, whereupon Judge
Gibson remarked that, as there was no College in
existence to confer a Diploma upon such persons,
and as the system didn't seem very dangerous, he
hoped the Legislature would enable him to charge
and collect his fees On a second division, the ayes
were 71 nays 22. So Samuel Irwin is authorized to
administer “a cup of cold water” iu the name of
Presnitz.
Bill to make the election of Tax Receivers and
Collectors biennial. Tne ayes were 80 Days 57—so
the bill was passed, and the House was adjourned
by pro tem Speaker Lewis. B.
Milledgeville, Nov. 17th.
SENATE.
In the Senate the unfinished business, the bill for
the pardon of Wm. A. Choice, was first in older,
and Mr Hill was entitled to the floor. The Senator
desired to correct, firßt, several mistaken and erro
neous rumors current. There was no present ex
pectation of carrying the case to the Supreme
Court, for the thirty days would probably expire
before the bill got through the other House, if it
paesed this, and he doubted when the case could go
up, unless by the consent of the Solicitor General.
Mr. Hill then closed his argument, and made a
soui-stirring appeal to Senators to spare the unfor
tunate, but not criminal madman. He warned
them, that if the idea of murder so shocked them,
to take heed lest t-ey themselves did murder in
place of justice. If insanity be no excuse for
crime, then tear down the walls ot your Asylum,
and write upon the gallows “this is the madman's
Asylum.” Hang him if you will, but think of that
unfortunate man, wandering widly, demoniac from
disease, shooting idly at anything.
Cain slew Abel, but the Judge, Jury and Law
giver in one, put a brand upon his brow—but slew
him not.
The Saviour, with his <yown of thorns, on the
accursed tree, asked pardon for those who pierced
him, because they knew not what they did. Choice
asks pardon, pardon, for he knew not what be did.
That paralysed mother asks pardon, for he knew
not what he did. And no doubt, even the spirit of
the dead would whisper, softly as zephyr from
orange groves, and wi h the purity of the angels,
spare him, pardon him, for he knew not what he
did.
Mr. Collier replied, especially as to the fairness of
the trial, and the imputations upon his peeple.
Mr. Hill explained that he did Dot intend any
reflections upon the honesty of purpose of the citi
zens of Atlanta.
Mr. Coilier had never heard of a case brought be
fore cbe Legislature udLU every judicial effort bad
been exhausted. lie had no prejudice against the
prisoner, and only a sense of duty constrained him
to speak.
Mr. Lawton made a short but very strong speech
for pardon. It was the duty of the legislature,
when necessary, to review the action of the Judi
ciary. Every system of law was necessarily imper
fect, and it was the province of the Legislature to
make the strict rule of law more in accordance with
the spirit of heaven. Virtuous indignation in a
community against crime is all right, but this may
go too far. There are times when a series of aggra
vated crimes seem to demand even a holocaust of
victims, but this verdict ought never to have been
rendered.
Mr. Harris, of Worth, the author of the bill, call
ed for the Ayes and Nays, which resulted Ayes 54,
Nays 53, 24 absent or not voting. So the bill has
passed the Senate, but has now to run gauntlet in
the House.
The following are the Yeas and Nays:
Ayes—Atkinson, Barclay, Barrow, Bartlett
Batts, Billups, Boggs, Briscoe, Brown, Burnett,
Canuon, Carter ot Elbert, Chester, Cook, Critten
den, Davis, Flewellen, Grice, Griffin of Brooks,
Harris of Dougherty, Harris of Worth, Haven,
Head, Hill of Sumpter, Hines, Holt, Johusou of
Clayton, Johnson of Cass, Lamar, Lawton, Lock
hart, Lott, McDuffie, Mcßae, Miller, Moore of
Laurens, Paine, Poole, Printup, Pruitt, Rushin,
Seward, Sirman, Smith of Hancock, Stowers, Sum
merour, Sweat, Taiver, Usry. Ware, Wellborn,
Wells, Williams of Berrien, Williams of Terrel—
Ayes 54.
Nays. —Alexander, Allred, Bond, Carter of
Echols, Cloud, Collier, Cooper, Cone, Cowen, Den
ham, Donaldson, Fulton, Gartrel, Glover, Green,
Griffin of Twiggs, Hall, Hart, Hightower, Hill of
Wilkes, Hitchcock, Hood, Hutchins, Hyde, Ivey,
Jamison, Jones, Jordan, Lenoir, Metrill McGehee,
Moore of Whitfield, Morris, Oliver, Quillians, Ricth,
Robinson Roberts Sawyer, Sheilnut, Sheppard,
Smith of Talbot, Snell, Slurges, Tatum, Tillman,
Wallace, White, Whitworth Williams of Rabun,
Wilson, Wynne, Young—Nays 53.
Absent or not Voting —Brinson, Byars, De
lapriere, Evans, Hackett. Hill of Troup, Johnson of
Cbattahooehe, King, Kirby, Maddox, Maples,
Mathews, McLeod, Reid of Morgan, Reid of Talia
ferro, Riley, Shelton, Spalding, Turner, Tracy,
Trippe, Walker, Ward, Whitehurst—24.
Asa general thing, I strongly favor hanging, and
object to any interference with the verdict of ju
ries, but I must confess that I have always felt a
strong sympathy for this unfortunate, and I cannot
resißt the conviction, from the evidence, that at tte
time of the killing, it must be reasonably doubted
whether the prisoner was of sound memory and
discretion. The benefit of that doubt must be given
to the accused, and I sincerely hope he may be
pardoned.
BILLS INTRODUCED.
Mr. Barclay: A bill to give Attorneys and So
licitors General a salary of $1,750.
Mr. Chester: A bill to facilitate the collection
of fi. fas.
Mr. Collier; A bill to incorporate the Railroad
City Bank in Atlanta.
The Senate adjourned to meet again at 3 P. M.
to read bills first time.
HOUSE.
After reading the Journal iu the House this
morning Mr. Key moved to reconsider the lost bill
of yesterday, proposing to donate the bodies of ex
ecuted negroes to Medical Colleges—lost
Mr. McDonald of Murray moved to reconsider
the bill passed yesterday, changing the county
elections to first Wednesday in January—lost.
Mr. Fannin of Troup moved to reconsider the
bill passed yesterday making biennial elections of
Tax Receivers and Collectors.
Judge Gibson and Mr. Tuggle opposed recon
sideration, and Mr. Fannin and Mr. Deloney spoke
n favor, and upon a division the ayes were 68 nay s
59—so the bill was reoonsidered.
Leave of aDsence granted to several members.
Mr. Lewis of Hancock moved that 150 oopies of
. the bill proposing to lend $150,000 of the State
bonds to Major Cooper be printed for jthe use of
the House—carried.
The special order, to-wit: the bill providing for
the call of a Constitutional Convention, to revise
the Constitution of Georgia, was taken up.
The Judiciary Committee reported the bill back
with amendments, and a recommendation that the
biil as amended do pass.
The first amendment proposed that the election
be held on the first Wednesday instead of the first
Monday in May 1860, which waa oirried.
The second amendment was a provivision allow
ing the Convention, at its option, to refer its action
back to the people, or not, for ratification, and to
prescribe the mode aud time thereof, which was
carried on a division, by a decided majority. It
really seems that our people forget, that ours is not
a wild, radical Democratic government, but a re
publican, or representative government.
The people delegate their power to Representa
tives, and it becomes the duty of the people to se
lect the proper sort of men—men who know the
popular wante and who will honestly attain them.
Then why encourage this radicalism / The idea
of popular ratification of a Constitution is impracti
cable, even if it were reaonable or sensible, unless
each article of the Constitution be voted on separa
tely, because while many features might be objec
tionable, the voter would prefer the whole with its
faults, to having the Constitution voted down. It
is even becoming common in these days for Legis
lators, who iave not nerve to take the responsibili
ty, to cast the burden of law making back upon
their constituency. When a Representative is
elected, the presumption is (though frequently
enough it is only a presumption) that he knows
what is for the public good, then let him firmly act
up to his knowledge and convictions of duty,
tegardless of popular clamor.
Mr. Tatum moved to amend, by making the
delegates equal to the number of Senators and
Representatives from each county in this legisla
ture, instead of equal only to the Representatives.
Mr. Deloney opposed the amendment as uDjust
and unequal, giving too much power to the uu
populous counties.
Mr. Tatum spoke in favor of his amendment, and
warned members from the small counties to beware
how they voted for this convention. This House
had even refused to appropriate the email sum of
SISOO to the little county of Miller, and he thought
members so penurious had the Joe Brown grip.
Mr. Deloney rejoined. If the minerals of Dade
should be represented, so also should the money,
the property, of Savannah, Augusta, bee.
The convention ought tairly to represent popula
tion. In fact, however, in tbe original, the email
counties got more in proportion, than they were
entitled to. Dade gets one delegate, Chatham two,
when in fact, Chatham would be justly entitled to
perhaps half dozen, taking the same proportion of
either population or wealth fora basis.
Mr. Tatum was opresed to the convention entire
ly, and be feared it the small counties weLt into it
they would be shorn es the power they now had.
This is called an unwieidly body, and he
wanted it always to be so, rather than have their
rights destroyed.
Mr. Ely woffid not favor the amendment of Mr.
Tatum, wersnt not that the House had already
authorized the convention to submit its action back
to the people, or not, as the Convention saw proper.
Now, the Convention might frame a Cues!] tut ion
disfranchising the smaller counties, and refuse to
submit it—then the small counties would have no
redress, and so he preferred, as there was a possi
bility ot no teference back, that the small counties
be made strong in the convention.
Mr. Harris favored the amendment, because
many of the new counties had grown very rapidly
since the last apportionment, and still they have
only the representatives they had some years ago.
For instance, Fulton, Gordon, Whitfield and some
others, had only one representative, while by the
report of the Comptroller General they bad actually
now a much larger population, than some counties
with two representatives. Therefore to give dele
gates to the counties according to the present repre
sentation would be entirely arbitrary.
Mr. Delony did not desire any advantage, but in
order to fairness he proposed an amendment, that
each county have one delegate for each three
thousand of representative population, according
to this year s census. This heatterwards withdrew,
because that basis would make the body too large,
and, as Mr. Lester said, no hail in Milledgeville
could hold them.
Mr. Lewie, of Hancock, gave notice of a very
equitable amendment te should offer, giving two
delegatee to each of thirty-aeven counties having
the largest representative population under this
year's census, and one delegate to every other
county. Mr. Harr s moved to lay the bill on the
table for the present. Lost on a division—ayes 63,
nays 72. The ayes and nays were called on Mr.
Tatum's amendment, resulting ayes 61, nays 80.
The amendment of Mr. Lewis was carried, when
the bill as amended was put upon its passage, the
ayes and nays called, and the bill lost —ayes 69,
nays 80, as follows :
Yeas—Alexander, Barksdale. Brinson, Brown of
Sumter, Clark of Elbert, Clark ofMonroe, Coleman,
Conley, Cullens, Delony, Dixon, Echols, Ector,
Fannin of Morgan. Fannin of Troup, Fleming,
Finney, Gibson of Richmond, Green of Hous
ton, Harper of Henry. Harper of Sumter, Hart
ridge, Henderson of Henry, Henderson of New
ton, Herrington, Hicks, Holloman, Hopkins,
Horsley. Howell of Milton, Hutohins, Key,
Knowles. Lewis of Greene, Lewis of Hancock,
Lester, Lockett, Lofton, Lumpkin, Lumsdeli.
MeCants, McComb, McCrairy, McLendon, Mc-
Whorter, Mitchell, Norwood, Pilcher, Prescott,
Renier, Rozier, Scott, Screven, Settle, Sims, Smith
of Bryan, Smith of Twiggs, Stewart, Taylor,
Thrasher. Turner, Tuggle, Underwood, Vaughn,
Walton, Ware, Wicker, Wilson, Worley—69.
Nats —Allan, Baugh, Blakey, Bivins, Broylee,
Bruton of Forsyth, Brewton of Tattnall, Cason,
Causey, Colvard, Daniel, David, DeLamar,. Du
four, Earl, Eberhart, Edmondson, Eiy, Fain of
Gilmer. Fain of Gordon, Fain of Union, Fortner,
Gay, Glass, Gibson of Warren, Goodman, Graham,
Green of Cobb, Grovensteine, Harris, Henderson
of Worth, Hockenhuil, Hogans, Holden, Holland,
Holmes, Howell of Lowndes, Irwin, JohnsoD,
Joyner. Jones of Mitchell, Jones of Rabun, Keeling,
Kelly, Knox, Martin, Mays, McDonald of Lump
kin, McDonald of MurTay, McEver. Mcßea, Nobles,
Parks, Patton, Perry, Pitts, Price, Ragsdale,
Register. Reeder, Richards, Sharpe, Smith of
Coffee, Smith of Hall, Smith of Towns, Sockweli,
Strickland, Sweat, Tapley, Tatum, Terrell, Vano
ver, West, Whaley, Whittle, Williams of Clinch,
Williams of Muscogee, Wofford, Young—Bo. ,
Absent or not Fazing—Anderson. Brantley,
Brown of Houston, Cook, Cook, Faraell, Hardin,
Harkness. Heath, Hurst, Kennon, McGar, Mintz,
Morris. Mullens, Patrick, Rhodes, Selman, Solo
mons, Sprayfcerry—2o. ‘
Bill to prevent the sale cf liquor by itinerants—
laid over for tbe present.
■•Bill to allow someone to peddle without license.
Lost—not a single rote in its favor.
Bill to appropriate $5,000 to remove obstructions
in the Alapaba River iD Pierce County. The Com
mittee reported a substitute, appropriating $2.5< 0.
Mr. Sweat and Mr. Scriven spoke in favor of the
passage of the bill. Upon a division the yeas were
46, nays 58. when the ayes and nays were deman
ded.
Mr. Harris addressed the House in favor of the
bill He urged that the lend was poor in this coun
ty and the people poor and but few of them ; yet
remove these obstructions aud the timber on that
river would enrich the people and enrich the State.
He made a strong appeal to Whigs to stand by their
life-long principles and vote for this appropriation.
Mr. Harris forgot that there are no Whigs now in
Georgia—they are disbanded, and a part gone upon
a new craft, the balance over to the ciumy, as Hill
told Toombs in 1856. If Mr. Harris intended that
those who. as Whigs, were in favor of internal im
provement should stand by that principle of their
faith, why not urge them also to stand by other
Whig principles ? _ , , .
Mr Tuggle opposed the bill. These peop.e had
already got State aid for the Gulf Rsilroad, and yet
they continually ask for more.
Mr. Harris rejoined in a short, sensible speech,
and the biil was lost—ayes 53, nays 64.
Bill to form anew county from Franklin and
Habersham—laid over.
Bill to require Clerks of Inferior and Superior
Courts to make out declarations for plaintiffs, when
requested, without charge, eo as to avoid the ne
cessity of paying lawyer’s fees—lost.
Bill to give purchasers in possession (two years
r s real, and one year of pe sjnal, property) titles
against any prior executions, liens, 4dc.—lost.
Resolution called up concerning the hours of
meeting and adjournment, when on motion of Mr.
Lewis, of Greene, the hours remain as heretofore
until turther ordered.
Milledgeville, Nov. 18th.
BENATE. V
In the Senate, after reading the Journal, Mr
Miller moved that 200 copies of Mr Atkinson’s
Slavery resolutions be printed for the use of the
Senate—adopted.
The special order waa then taken up, being a bill
for the pardon of Francis J. Smith of Campbell,
now under sentence of death for murder. Ihe tes
timony was read, and it appeared that additional
estimony had come to light since the verdict.
A petition was read from 700 citizens of Camp
bell, including eight of the jurors, asking the pardon
of Smith, when tbe bill passed unanimously and
was immediately transmitted to the House.
BILLS ON THEIR PASSAGE.
A bill amending tbe Charter of the Presbyterian
Church at Augusta—passed.
A bill in relation to rendition of fugitive criminals
—provides that Sheriffs, &.C., can arrest fugitives
on a warrant issued from another State.
Tbe Judiciary Committee recommended that the
bill do not pass.
Mr. Morris opposed the report and waa in favor
of the bill.
Mr. Briscoe thought the motion prescribed by the
Constitution of the United States waathe right one.
Mr. Seward thought the fact of the United States
Constitution having pointed out one mode of ren
dition, did not preclude the States from prescribing
their own mode.
Mr. Miller concurred with Mr. Briscoe on the
Constitutional question, and should therefore ap
prove the bill.
Mr. Metrill thought the Constitution did not re
quire the Exeoutive of a State to demand fugitives,
and therefore it did not prevent the passage of
another law by us.
Mr. Leaoir thought the Constitutional provision
ample.
Mr. Seward challenged gentlemen of the legal
profession to show whsn and where the States sur
rendered the right to regulate the rendition of fugi
tive criminals.
Mr. Slurges thought the law unconstitutional,
because the rendition of criminals implied a compact
between sovereignties, and the Executive was the
representative of sovereignty.
Mr. Miller again reviewed the Constitutional
point, and called attention of Senators particularly
to the case of Briggs vs. Commonwealth of Penn
sylvania.
Mr. Hail urged that when we deprive a oitizen of
the Ccnstitutienal mode of arrest and delivery, we
deprive him of a vested right.
Mr. Trippe, as a State rights man, could not agree
to the Constitutional view expressed by some Sena
tors here to-day ; carry out that Constitution and
you would be forced to go to the Constitution of
the United States alone as your remedy for the
rendition of fugitives from labor.
Mi. Holt thought with the Committee, that the
bill was unnecessary and inexpedient, and that the
powers proposed ought not to be exeroised by minor
officials.
Mr. Lawton, Chairman of the Judiciary Commit
tee, thought the Executive was the person into
whose hands should be given the power to deliver
fugitive criminals, and that it was dangerous to give
it to Sheriffs, &c.
Upon agreeing to the report of the Committee, the
ayes were 51, nays 43. So the report was agreed to
and the bill lost.
A bill to confer additional powers on the Augus
ta Orphan Asylum, &c—passed.
A bill relating to probate of wil's—provides that
probate be in writing within three months, persons
propounding to state the name ot legatees, age,
&c., and the action of the Ordinary to be final.
Mr Hall offered an amendment, making it option
al with Executor or Executrix to prove will in
solemn form—adopted.
Mr. Oliver, an amendment regulating fees—lost,
Mr. Evans offered an amendment, that parties
be allowed to appeal—agreed to.
Mr. Lawton, Chairman of the Judiciary Com
mittee, begged to explain to Senators, that the bill
did not interfere with any law now in force, in re
lation to probate of wills—bill passed—and the
Senate adjourned till 9 o’clock to-morrow.
Col. W. J. Wilcher wishes it distinctly under
stood that ho was not a candidate for any of the
offices for which he lately got votes, in tbe General
Assembly, but that he is in for the Secatorahip—he
haß nailed his colois to the mast and never will give
up the ship. He will not be bound by any caucus
or agreement of the Democracy, but he is a candi
date on his own responsibility, ready and willing at
all times to make known his views upon any ques
tion, and he desireß his competitors to bo equally
fair and outspoken.
By the way, Sergeant Birney, formerly of the
New York Detectives, but now part owner of tbe
“ American Republic” in Macon, is here. Last
night, at Gordon he met a man named J Keller,
runner for a New York house, whom he had once
taken to the “ lock up” there, and who took occa
sion to inform Birney and the crowd around that
Birney was a Black Republican, out here negro
stealing. This produced quite a breeze for a
time, and seemed likely to lead to a regular bruis
ing, but the Sergeant satisfied the crowd that he
was all right.
The clouds said to-day very sullenly,“downwith
the dust,” and down it went. The rain was very
light however, and at dusk the wind is howling aud
groaniug like a wild, weird, ghostly thing.
HOUSE.
In the House this morning, after reading the
Journal, Mr. Tannin, of Morgan, moved to recon
sider tbe bill lost yesterday, providing for the call
of a Constitutional Convention, and made a very
BtroDg speech in favor of his motion. He thought
thißoue of tbe most important measures before the
Legishture, and he earnestly desired its reconsi
deration, in order that it might be perfected, and,
if possible, all objections removed,so as to be accept
able to tbe House.
Mr. Tatum oppose the motion, and opposed the
Convention. Gentlemen speak of expense here every
day, but they ought to recollect that this Conven
tion will cost au enormous sum. Judge Gibson
favored reconsideration. Everybody 6eems to de
sire a reduction of tbe Legislature, but he thought
no plan would ever be agreed on here, which could
get two-thirds of the General Assembly for two
consecutive Legislatures: and therefore uo reduction
would ever be consummated, except by a Conven
tion. As to expense, the saving of Legislative
expenses under a reduction would soon make up
any amount expended for the purpose of & Conven
tion. Major Williams wished to explain his posi
tion. If it be proposed to call the Convention for
1861, instead of next year, after the United Sattes
census is taken, then he would be willing to recon
sider.
Mr. Tuggle, the plain, common sense, practical
member from Campbell, favored reconsideration.
.Even if at this session a reduction bill could get
two-thirds, yet it could not be acted on next session,
because a general election must intervene, and the
Legislature of 1861 onty could act.
If that Legislature should pass ihe bill by two
thirds, then the reduction would not take place till
18G3. But, it waa possible the Legislature of 1861
might not pass the bill, and then we Bhould be as
far off from reduction as we are to-day.
Mr. Tatum Baid, like Weshingtou, “beware of
innovations.” Our Constitution waa made by the
greatest men in Georgia or in America, not by the
mountains or the wiregrass, but by statesmen, and
they provided how it shou.d be altered. He thought
gentlemen had better read the Constitution before
they proposed to make such radical changes.
Suppose a proposition were made to alter the
Constitution of the United State in this manner—we
would take up arms against it. He was not per
sonally interested, for if tbe Senate should even be
reduced to five, he would he one of that number!
Mr. Anderson, the young member from Bibb,
favored reconsideration. A Convention had been
recommended by Judge Lumpkin and the Gover
nor. Then let gentlemen pause, before they thus
summarily dispose of this most important matter.
He was surprised that gentlemen opposed a Con
vention. How was this Constitution made ? By
the people in Conventien—then let a Convention
again meet to revise and remodel the Constitution.
If this bill fail, the Senate bill, of a similar charac
ter, can not come here. Then act not hostilely, but
give time for reflection, examination, perfection.
Mr. Smith of Towds opposed re consideration
aDd opposed the Convention. The only point of
difficulty, is as to the basis of representation in
the Convention, and also, the basis of representa
tion hereafter in the Legislature. He favored
amendment of the Constitution in the manner
pointed out by that instrument, as wise and right.
If the public good requires reduction, let us come
up in a spirit of harmony, and settle the basis of
future representation, before we go into it. He
conjured members Dot to give up the power they
now had to alter and amend, for the cbaDCe of what
the Convention might give them. He usually
agreed with the Governor, but at present, he did
not.
Mr. Anderson replied, the cry had gone out over
the land for maDy years that the Legislature never
would reduce its number. The people desire it—
therefore let them have an opportunity to make the
reduction. Besides, there were other features of
the Constitution requiring revision—for instance,
the Constitution requires the Governor to be thirty
five years of age, and Senatore only twenty five,
and still the President of the Senate is made ex offi
cio Governor in case of the latter's death.
Mr. Lester made an excellent argument in favor
of reconaidera’iou—as is his usual practice. E very
body admitted, even Messrs. Smith and Tatum,
tbat the people demanded a reduction of the Legis
lature. Iftbat be true, then we are bound eitherto
make the reduction ourselves, or give the people
power to do it. If the reduction bill of the Senate
pass that body, it may not pass here, and if this bill
Is not reconsidered, then both plans are killed, and
we have tailed to carry out what everybody ac
knowledges to be the plain, manifest, undoubted
viil of the people. Let this bill be reconsidered, so
that if the reduction bill fail, we ehall have this to
fall back upon.
On a division the ayes were 69, nays cJ. Conse
quently someone demandei the ayes and nays,
when Mr. Harris addressed the House in opposi
tion. As to reduction, the people did desire it, but
no one was authorised to say, merely from the
course of the press, tbat the people deeired a con
vention. We have made no effort in this House
yet to make a reduction, and before we do no one
can say we have failed to carry out the popular
Mr. Hartridge thought the people sent ns here as
much for the purpose of carrying out a plan of re
duction, as for any other one deeign. If we fail
through our own dissensions, then it becomes our
most solemn duty to empower the people to carry out
their own will We do not propose to argue this
bUi through now, if it be reconsidered, but let it lie
over, until we use every honest endeavor on our
part to make a reduction, and failing in that, then
give the people a chance to make it. We do not
ask to pass ih.it bill as it stands, but we want time
to consider, to examine, to harmonize.
Mr Hartridge is a young man, with quite an in
teresting appearance, a pleasant speaker, and a
man of fine talents.
Mr. Fannin of Troup, one of the ablest men the
Legislature has ever had, usually says very little,
bu’ that is always to the point. He rema ked that
in h ; s section the people were almoet unanimous for
a reduction of the Legislature—it was looked upon
as the question to come before the preaent assembly.
The Legislature was the creature of the Constitu
tion, and the people were|the creators of the Consti
tution. Therefore the people were the proper agents
to alter and amend the Constitution. Still he was
willing to make a redaction by the Legislature
rather than have none. As the gentleman from
Glynn said we bad made no effort in this House at
reduction, he wou.d simply say, reconsider this bill,
and take (tro chances at reduction instead of one .-
so tbat if we failed we might still be able to give
the people an opportunity. The Democratic party
was called pecu-iarly a people's party, we heard
frequently of the cry of “dear people,’’ and be de
eired the people to know who in this assembly was
willing to entrust the people with their rightful power
and who was afraid to do it. The call of yeas and
nays was proceeded with, and resulted—ayes 74,
nays 51.
Mr. Seward moved to reoonaider the Alapaha
appropriation biil—lost.
Mr. Fain of Union moved to reconsider the bill
to secure purchsßere in possession (2 years of real
and one year of personal property) against out
standing lodgment?, leins, mortgage, &o—lost
A resolution was passed to print for the use of
the House 200 copies ot the evidence in the Choice
case, and in the esse of Smith.
There were then taken up under suspension of
the rules, two Senate bit's and read first time—to
wit: the bill for the pardon of Choice and the bill
for the pardon of Smith.
Upon a call of the counties fifty six bills were in
troduced, making 336 in all to date.
Mr. Anderson : A bill to protect holders of bills
of Exchange, dra!ts„&c., drawn oi|cotton shipments.
Mr. Screven: A bill to incorporate Gordon
Grove No. 1, Ancient Order of Druids.
Also: A bill to amend the charter of the Ameri
can Atlantic Screw Steamship Company, authoriz
ing an increase of capital stock to the amount of
$600,000.
Mr. Worley: A bill to fix the compensation of
members, officers and clerks of the General Assem
bly. Members to get $5 per day; Speaker and
President $6 ; Chief ClerK and Secretary $10; As
sistants $5, and other Clerks $4.
Mr. Terrell: A bill to form anew county from
Thomas and Decatur.
Mr. Bivine: A billtoaliow persona to make tax
returns to Clerks of the Inferior Court in certain
cases.
Mr. Lofton: A bill to allow Executors and Ad
ministrators to bid for, in their own name, and
purchase property of the estates they represent.
Mr. Horsley : A bill to allow testimony to be
taken by interrogatories in ali civil cases.
Also : A bill repealing the Act regulating the
hours of labor in factories.
Judge Gibson: A bill to amend the Act regula
ting toll-bridges, ferries and turnpike roads.
Also : A bill appropriating SS,IK)U to the Medical
College of Georgia.
Mr. McDonald, of Murray : A bill to compel the
Publio Printer to furnish journals within three
months after the adjournment.
The House then adjourned to meet at 3 P. M.,
for the purpose of reading Seuate bills a tirst, and
House bills a second time. B.
MII.LEDGEVII.LE, NOV. 19.
SENATE.
Col. Fulton moved to reconsider the bill lost yes
terday, amendatory of the Judiciary act—agreed
to.
Mr. Morris moved to reconsider the lost bill of
yesterday, in relation to rendition of criminals—
agreed to.
The roll was called for naw matter, when the fol
lowing, among other bills were introduced.
Mr. Barrow -. A resolution that the President ap
point a Committee to act jointly with a similar
Committee from the House, to prepare an expression
of the people of Georgia in regard to the death of
Ex-Governor Gilmer.
Mr. Band : A bill to make interested parties com
petent witnesses.
Mr. Cowan: A bill amendatory of the Educa
tional bill.
Mr. Crittenden : A bill to form anew county of
Berrien und Sumter.
Mr. Bartlett: A bill for the relief of widows.
Mr. Hall: A bill to allow clerks of the Superior
Court, 15 years in office, to practice law.
Mr. Holt: A bill to prevent delay of casoe, where
some of the parties die.
Mr. King made a minority report in favor of the
State aid bill.
Mr. Seward moved to print 500 copies of the
same, also, 500 copies ot the majority report, in
preparation, by Mr. Lawton.
Gen. Cone called the ayes and nays, avd they
were ayeß76, nays 11.
Mr. Jordan : A bill to abolish the uaary laws—a
meritorious and sensible bill—to give houest
men the same advantage that thieves have.
Mr. Kitch : A bill to authorize Ordinaries to act
as Executors. Administrators and Guardians, in
certain oases.
Mr. Seward : A resolution, that as serious diffi
culties are likely to ensue between citizens of Geor
gia and Florida near the line, on account of the
boundary, therefore, the Goveruor despatch a
special agent to Tallahassee, to confer witli the
Executive of Florida, in order to prevent bloodshed.
Adopted and sent to the House, where it was also
adopted. It appears that tho Sheriff of some Flori
da county, hat) seized upon the property of a de
fendant, and defendant claims that he is beyond
his jurisdiction, that he is in Georgia, and there is
a prospect of bloody work.
The Senate then read House bills a third time—
among others.
Bill for the relief of securities ou substituted
Trustee’e bonds.
Mr. Holt moved to strike out the preamble as
useless, and involved the State in expense for
printing. The bill was referred.
Bill to repeal the act empowering the Georgia
Railroad to build a branch from Madison to Eatou
ton. Laid over.
Bill to incorporate the Bainbridge & Florida
Railroad Company.
Mr. Seward moved to strike out “Bainbridge &
Florida Raihoad Compauy,” &.C., and after some
conversation the bill was referred to the Committee
on Internal Improvements.
Several unimportant House bills passed the Sen
ate, and at the expiration of the morning hour, (hat
august nud dignified body adjourned till Monday
morning, 9 o’clock.
The Supreme Court has been in session here du
ring the week, and adjourned yesterday. Judges
Benning and Stephens presided, Judge Lumpkin
being detained at home by the illness ot his son.
There was little business transacted, and it was a
dull time generally. Among the lawyers in atten
dance were Judge Nisbet, Col. Foster, Judge Cole,
Mr. Pottle, Hon. Joshua Hill end a few others.
This is the last Court at which Judge Banning pre
sides, his term of office expiring the last ot this
month, and Judge Lyon will preside at the next
sitting. It appears reasonable aud proper to make
this Court permanent at Milledgeville, not to travel
the State like a menagerie, and why not also have
the Judges appointed for life, by the Governor, by
and with the advice and consent of the Senate,
subject to removal for ineompetenoy and give
them a decent salary—say five thousand dollars 7lf
any men in this land ought to be far removed from
beyond the reach of popular prejudices and the idle
caprices of the moment, certainly onr Judges ought.
Their term of office is entirely too short, aud the
whole system of an elective Judiciary is wrong.
The people ere not usually clamorous for rights,
the cry is only raised usually by a lew hair brained
nondescripts, that any decent man ought to be
ashamed not to oppose. What the people really
want, whether they know it or not, above every
thing else, is an able and pure Judiciary. Give us
that, and you may give us almost any form of gov
ernment.
HOUSE.
After reading the journal in the House this morn
ing to a very small number, scarcely a quorum,
leave of absence was granted to several members.
On motion of Mr. Smith of Towns, the rules were
suspended to take up the Senate’s resolution setting
apart this day, at 12 M., for the purpose of electing
two Commissioners to oodify the laws of Georgia,
to fill the vacancy occasioned by the non-acceptance
of Messrs. Johnson aud Harris, and the resolution
was passed.
On motion of Major Williams, the rules were
suspended for the purpose of reading a second time
the Senate bills for the pardon of Wm. A. Choice
and Francis J. Smith, when the latter was made
the special order for Monday next, aud the former
for Friday next.
The rules were suspended to take up Mr. Tatum’s
resolution, authorizing the Governor to purchase,
for the Clerks and Sheriff’s, a copy of the most
important general laws passed this session, proposed
to be published by 11. U. Waters. The resolution
was paßsed, requiring the copies to b ready for
delivery withing ten days after the adjournment.
Mr. Bruton, of Forsyth, moved to suspend the
regular order, so as to read Senate bills a third
time—agreed to.
SENATE BILLS ON THEIR PASSAGE IN THE HOOSE.
Bill to incorporate the Savannah, Griffin and
North Alabama Railroad Company. Passed.
Bill to authorize the City Council of Atlanta to
take possession of an enclosure adjoinuing the
Railroad depot, and to adorn the Bame lor a public
park. Passed.
A few other unimportant Senate bills were passed’
HOUSE BILLS FOR THIRD READING.
Bill for reduction of the Legislature. The com
mittee reported a substitute, when the bill was
made the special order for Wednesday next, and
200 copies of the bill and substitute ordered to be
printed.
Bill to prevent the sale of spirituous liquors by
itinerants The Committee recommended that this
bill do not pass.
Mr. Lewis of Greene, the author of the bill, re
gretted that he had to differ with the committee
that reported against its passage.
He called for their reasons and challenged the
gentlemen to show upon what principle of justice,
expediency or morals, the report was based. There
was already a law against peddling dry goods;
then why not place the same restrictions aronnd
the sale of liquors 7 He urged the House to pass
the bill, to protect slave property from injury, and
the youth of the land from corruption and degrada
tion. Many institutions of learning are located in
villages which have corporate power to prevent the
sale of ardent spiritß. There was a petition accom
panying this bill signed by many citizms of Greene,
among whom he was proud to number the Faculty
of Mercer University—gentlemen noted for their
intelligence, learning and piety. Let gentlemen
who propose to vote down this bill beware, for the
day might come, when they might be sleeping
quietly, in supposed security for themselves and
children, while their sons, off’ at school, away from
parental care and kindness, might be quaffing the
infuriating draught, obtained from these intinerant
liquor venders, and contracting that fatal habit,
wnicb so often degrades the sou and brings the
gray hairs of the father with sorrow to the tomb.
Mr. Tuggle was a temperanoe man, strongly in
favor of temperance, hut he thoughtevery attempt,
by legislation, to promote temperance, always bad
the oontrary effect. He thought this useless legisla
tion, as he bad never known any OGe to peddle
liquor.
Mr. spoke in favor, and said this was one
of the IkliTa from the provisions of which he did Dot
wish to exempt his beloved county of Dade. He
wanted to see all these peddlers put down—Jews,
Irishmen and foreign vagabonds, of all sorts.
Mr. Eberhart, the Daniel Lambert of the Honse,
opposed the bill. He did not drink himself, he was |
a friend of temperanoe, but bis people did drink,
and he wanted them to have an opportunity to buy :
a jug or keg of liquor from the peddlers, and not
be compelled to buy from the grocers, because, ac- j
cording to his understanding, every man, through |
whose hands the liquor passed, adulterated it.
Mr. Lewis, of Hancock, stated for tbe informa- |
tion of the House, that in his county these peddlers
would camp in a neighborhood, collect the negroes, j
sell them liquor, and then send word by them to
other negroes perhaps ten miles off, that they would j
be at a certain place on a certain night, for tbe
purpose of meeting them.
The report of the committee, on a division, was
disagreed to; and the bill was before the House on
its passage, when Mr. Strickland moved to except
hie county (Madison) from the provisions of the biil
—agreed to.
Mr. Price moved to except his county (Pickens,)
when Mr. Lewis, of Greene, moved tne previous
question.
This cut off ali amendments and debate, and on a
call of the ayes and nays the bill passed ayes 63
nays 48.
B ill to amend tbe law abolishing imprisonment
for debt, so as to require plaintiffs seekiog ca. sa.
to swear that defendant has money or property,
other than allowed by law, without requ'ring plain .
tiff to state wbat the property is. Tbe bill was laid j
over for the present.
Bill to allow interested parties to give evidence
in civil cases—lost.
Bill to amend the attachment and garnishment
law?—passed.
Bill to elect Principal of the Deaf and Dumb
Asylum by the Legislature—unanimously recom
mended by the committee and passed.
Bill to allow evidence to wills to be taken by
Commissioners, when witness resides out of the
county or State—passed.
Bill to allow Ordinairies to give up marriage li
censes to husband, after recording the same
and to allow the original as evidence, and to fine
ten to fifty dollars all who solomnize marriages
and fail, within three months, to return the license
to Ordinary.
Mr. Tatum moved to etrike out the clause, fining
persons who fail to return the license. This was
agreed to, when Major Williams moved indefinite
postponement, which was carried. It really seems
to us very proper to give up to the husband the
license after record, so as to give two chances, for
keeping the evidenee of marriage in existence in
stead of one. Suppose the records of the Ordinary
be burnt up, then the evidence is gone.
The Senate came into the Hall. President Guerry
called the General Assembly to order, and Messrs.
T. K. B. Cobb and B. H. Clark were elected com
missioners to codify the laws. The vote stood—
Cobb 135, Clark 134, Tatum 16, Wilcher 8, Tngg!e6.
Bill to prescribe the time of electing U. 8. Senator
at the session immediately preceding the com
mencement of his term of office
Mr. Cullens, the author of the bill, addressed the
House in its favor, in a very finished, but brief
speech, and the bill passed.
Bill to compensate Reporter ofthe Bupreme Court
for volumes furnished—passed.
Bill to require Clerks to keep a separate book for
entering appeals. Amended so as to confine its
operation to Bichmond County, and passed.
Bill to incorporate Port Boyal Railroad Company
—passed.
Bill to amend the charter cf the town of Wash
ington, bo as to give the Marshall authority to arrest
without watrant, for violation of town ordinances
—passed.
The Honss then adjourned till 9J o'clock Monday I
morning. B
Milledgeville, Nov. 21st.
Mr. Editor:— My report of Legislative pro
ceedings to-day must necessarily be veiy meagre,
as both Houses adjourned at an early hour, out of
respect to the memory of Gov. Gilmer ; conse
quently I must look elsewhere for subjects for my
letter.
The day is dark, as if the heavens were shrouded
in tbe memory of the departed oitizen, and the raiu
comes drifting through the thick murky air. The
smoke and the clouds aud the rain combine to
make a dull November day.
Yesterday, to get some country air, and to re
visit my old haunts, I went out to morning service at
the Chapel of Oglethorpe University. The day
was very tine, a ineilow autumn day, crowned with
a golden glory. The partridges were calling loudly
from the brown coru stubbies, tee blue birds sang as
if (be spring had come again, and tbe little wrens,
with their bright round eyes and their delicate
beaks, were peering every where.
We passed along the great red road, bo familiar,
where as a boy, I had stood in 1844 to catch a
glimpse of gallant “Harry of the West,” as he
whirled past in the open coach, in oojnpany with
Col. Kenan and others, past the splendid residence
of Judge Tucker, with its neat iron fence, and its
beautiful grounds, by tbe quiet Colleges where the
flowers used to spring so early from their warm
sandy beds, by tbe fine old Rockwell house, where
Gov. Johnson resided when he was a “corn killer,”
now the residence of Gen. Myrick, until I came up
with my oid friend, Professor Lane, when I got out
lor a walk with him along the stouey path my feet
had so often trod before. At the College I went
in to to see the President, Dr. Talmage, before tbe
hour for service had arrived. The Dr. has been in
feeble health for some several months past, and
physicians iiave advised him to abstain from preach
ing, until his strength is restored. But ho is elill
as cheerful aud as entertaining as ever, most kind
ly and agreeable.
How familiar the glittering white halls of the
Chapel looked to me, with the warm sun coming
through the tall windows. The congregation was
almost entirely composed of students, aud an ex
cellent choir tilled the Chanel with the harmonious
strains ot devotional music How odd it seemed
though, to hear no female voices, blending
serenely wilh the full-toned masculine voices. Prof.
Lane, a tall, large framed mail,wearing beard exoept
upon tbe lips, aud with bis long thin hair brushed
back, giving him somewhat the look of Gen. James
Jackson, as seen in his picture, lately placed in the
Representative Hall at the State House, preached
a most iustruotive and carefully prepared sermon,
contrasting the student life of our day with the
studeuL file of the prophet Daniei, a captive in the
halls of the Chaldean King.
I observe that the materials are accuunnulating
on the ground, preparatary to the erection of two
iurge wings to the main building of the College, the
third stories of which are to be used by the Tualian
and Phi Delta societies, for hails and libraries. The
venerable President informed me that the prospects
of Oglethorpe are brighter than they ever were,
and brighteuing every day. This College is under
the fostering care of tbe Synods of Alabama, S.
Carolina, Georgia, Florida being included with the
Georgia Synod. Professor Lane has lately returned
from South Carolina, with cheering aud substantial
accounts; Professor Smith is now in Alabama, from
which State the college has large expectations.
President Talmage goes shortly to attend the
Georgia Synod In Florida. While the eternal dis
cussions and wranglings are going on at the State
University, Oglethorpe, as well as the other deno
minational Colleges of Georgia, is annually turning
out a number of finished graduates. It is doing
the State some service—may it prosper still more
and more, as it deserves.
By the way, I learn that Rev. Mr. Flynn is the
regular officiating clergyman at the Presbyterian
Church in Milledgeville, and that he is only oo
cassionally assisted by Professor Lane. Yestesday,
as lam informed, his excellency and many other
of our distinguished personages of all the different
denominations, attended at the Baptist Church, to
hear the Rev. Nathaniel Macon Crawford, D. D.,
President of Mercer University, eon of the great
Wm. Harris Crawford, who was some eighteen
years ago a Presbyterian Minister and a Professor
at Oglethorpe University. He fully sustained his
well earned reputation as an able aud learned aud
pious divine, not particularly eloquent, but cogent
and sound in argument, direct and practical in his
applicat ion of the great doctrines o! the Redeemer
to the every-day business of life.
How it rains, aud how the grumblers are in full
force! “It never rains, but it pours.’’ But yester
day the cry was the dust, now it is the rain and the
mud. “Above, all ie mist and darkness, and be
neath, all is mire and clay.” And to Keep the
electric currents right, while it is so wet outside,
every body seems disposed to “blue ruin” inside.
SENATE.
In the Senate this morning, after reading the
Journals, a few unimportant bills were introduced,
and a resolution authorizing the Secretary to em
ploy twelve additional olerks.
Mr. Barrow, Chairman of the Committee ap
pointed Saturday by President Guerry, under the
resolution respecting the death of Gov. Gilmer,
reporlod the following, and addressed the Senate
in a lew appropriate remarks, touching the charac
ter of the noble dead.
Mr. Billups seconded the resolutions, and de
livered a’ beautiful eulogy ou the Ex Governor:
“Whereas, the General Assembly have received
intelligence of the death of Ex-Gov. George R.
Gilmer, at hie residence in Lexington, ou the 16th
inst., and wheieae it is proper to pay some tribute
of respect to those who have honorably served their
country;
Be it therefore Resolved, That in the death of
Georgo R. Gilmer tile State of Georgia lias been
deprived of one of her most faithful, upright and
efficient citizens—of one who in various positions
had served her with credit to himself and benefit to
her, and who, as Chief Magistrate in trying times,
had proved himself true to her interest and devo
ted to her rights, and in every public aud private
relation had shown himself to be firm, honest and
just;
Resolved, That as a token of respect to his mem
ory, the General Assembly will adjourn till to
morrow.
Resolved, That the Secretary of the Senate be
hereby instructed to transmit a copy of these reso
lutions to the widow of the deceased.”
The resolutions were passed unanimously, and
immediately transmitted to the House.
HOUSE.
In the House, Mr. Anderson moved to reconsider
the bill allowing tbe City Council of Atlauta to
take possession of an enclosed lot of land in that
city, and adorn the same for a publio Railroad
Park, as he had been informed that a portion of the
land belonged to the Macun & Western Railroad
Company.
Mr. Thrasher, “cousin John,” objected, saying
that he knew the 6aid Railroad Company had no
claims upon a foot of the land; and upon a division
the motion was lost. •
Mr. Price moved to reconsider the bill prohibiting
tbe sale of liquor by itinerants.
Mr. Lewis of Green explained that the bill did
not prevent the manufacturer from selling spirits at
home, or to Merchants and Grocers, but simply
prevented peddling it out on the road.
Mr. Smith of Towns opposed the bill and favored
reconsideration. The people in his eeolion of coun
try, having no facilities for transportation, were
compelled to convert their grain into a more porta
ble article, aud it you prohibited them from selling
on the road, yon placed them at the mercy of the
Merchants and Grocers of Atlanta aud Athens. He
thought the principle radically wrong, unjust and
impolitic, because the people ought to have the
privilege of seeking the best markets with their
produce, without restraint. He felt no personal
interest in tbe matter, as be preferred for a regular
drink, the pure fountain, gushing from nature's own
alembic. So far as corrupting negroes, which gen
tlemen spoke so much of, we already had laws ou
that subject, and if members wanted a more strin
gent law, ho would willingly give it to them. On a
division the ayes were 60, nays 38.
Mr. Greene of Cobb moved to reconsider the lost
bill of Saturday, requiring Ordinarieß to give up to
husbands marriage licenses after recording them,
and making both the original and record, evidence—
Lost.
Mr. Anderson moved to make the bili for the
pardon of Wm.A. Choice the special order for
Wednesday week, instead of Friday next—oarried.
The Honse then took up the special order, the
bill for the pardon of Francis J. Smith, convicted of
murder in Campbell county. Tbe evidence was
read and a lengthy memorial from 7UO citizens of
the county, and the bill was passed, almost unani
mously. Friday next was tbe day appointed for
the hanging.
On motion of Mr. Lofton, the House took up the
Senate resolutions, in legard to the death of Ex-
Gov. Gilmer, when Mr. L. delivered a beautiful
eulogy on tbe dead, tbe resolutions passed unani
mously, and the House adjourned.
A call was read from the Clerk’s desk for a
meeting of the “unterrified” to-night at the Stale
House, to take into consideration the propriety of
sending delegates to the Charleston Convention, by
the Democratic members of the Legislature. 1 ob
serve that some of tbe Democratic press, that por
tion which has a Douglas tendency, resolutely op
pose the proposition, but I believe this has been tbe
usual practice heretofore, and there is certainly no
good reason to change it, at present, unless these
fishy Democrats really prefer Douglas to Cobb.
Id any event, tbe promise is “fun ahead,” and may
we be there to see.
I enclose you the addresses of Mr. Billups in the
Senate and ot Mr. Lofton in the House, for which
I am indebted to my friends of tbe Federal Union.
B.
The Insurgent at Memphis.
The fri ends of W. R. Palmer, arresled at Mem
phis, got out a habeas corpus for him, in order to
effect bis release, but failed, the Judge remanding
him to jail. Among the letters read at his first
examination, was the following i
Chambersburg, Oot. 20, 1859.
Dear William—As Mr. Martin goes down to Ha
gerstown this evening, I could not help writing you
a line by him. You are so headstrong you will not
listen to me. Do, for God's sake—don’t go to
Harper’s Ferry now; yon can do nothing it you
go ; I fear for your life. You can keep the letter
for Capt. Brown until all is safe. You cannot give
it to him now , you would be suspected and taken
up. Come back and wait at Chambersburg until
Capt. Cook gets here. I am afraid this business
will get us into trouble yet. Last night I never
slept a wink. Do come back, for I shall be crazy
until you return safe. Now, for once, do listen to
your loving wife. Mary Horner. •
The other letter is Bigned Lawrence Tatcher.
It ie addressed from Memphis, to Capt- Brown
We make tbe following extracts:
“ I have just completed my tour through the
Southern States, and am now on my way to Ken
tucky. In my last let'er to yon I mentioned that
I should give the States of Tennessee and Arkan
sas a thorough scouring. I did so, and am satisfied
that of all the States in the South, Tennessee and
Arkansas are the best fitted to make the first
strike in. These two States have but few whites
in favor of slavery, while they contain an immense
number of slaves already ripe, aud ready, at the
firßt intimation, to strike a decided blow for their
freedom ; while the large mass of the whites are
against slavery, and will be ready to assist them
at a moment’s warning. Several of them stated
to me that they had gone so far as to prepare arms
for their slaves aDd instruct them in their use, and
bow to act when the worst comes to tbe worst.
While at Lrownsville, Tenn , I addressed a letter
to tbe BChool-teacber, Mr. 11— ■, and be came to
Brownsville to see me.
“He says there is no avocation in which a man
can do so much good for our cause as that of echool
teaching, because all the country around have so
much confidence in a school-teacher who conducts
himeelf right. He says that the large majority of
colored people in his part of the Slate are ready to
take up arms at a moment’s warning, and a large
number of whites are ready to join him. He Bays
we must send out more well qualified men to the
South as school-theachers, and work them In every
where.”
The writer then states that on arriving at Memphis
he had an interview with Palmet, who sympathized
with Capt. Brown. He (Palmer) had made ar
rangements to take five hundred or a thousand
slaves cff to the swamps of Indiana. That he had
friends in Cincinnati who had promised to have one
of the largest and swiftest steamers on the river
sent to tie up and wait for them at the mouth of
Hatchie river, under the pretence of undergoing
repairs.
From Cuba.—Theschr. Alice Ann Bandel, which
arrived Saturday, brings Havanna advices to the
13th instant.
Thomas F. King, a native of Lexington, in this
State, but late of Apolachicola, died at Havana, ot
yellow fever, the 11th instant.
The International Bank of Havana has gone into
liquidation. —Savannah Republican.
Temperance in Ireland.—John B. Gough lately
gave three lectures in the Bound Boom of the
Botunda at Dublin, which is capable of containing
2 500 persons, and was full to the utmost possible
extent. He visited some of the provinces, and in
Belfast alone succeeded in obtaining 2,000 signers
to the pledge.
Tux Turf.—A man in Kalamooza is training an
elk to trot on the race course. The elk has already
trotted against a home for a purse of seven hundred
dollars, winning the prize by a long dietanoe. J
WEEKLY
<%flnicle & Sentinel.
AUGUSTA. GA.
WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOT. 23, 1839,
PAY UP OR QUIT.
Some weeks ago we sent bills to
all our WEEKLY subscribers iaar
rears, having previously not ified them
through the paper, unless the bills
were promptly paid, the paper would
be discontinued. As yet, but few,
comparatively, have responded, and
we shall proceed to perform our pro
mise with the others. They are,
therefore, most respectfully notified,
that jn the
FIRST DAY OF JANUARY,
we will strike from our list of sub
scribers, the names of all those who
have not paid in advance.
BOOK BINDING.
Persons who wish Periodicals, Books or Music
bound, or Blank Books made, at SHORT NO
TICE, can be accoaimodated by applying at the
Office of tbe Chronicle & Sentinel.
“Corn-Field Peas.” —A good-natured aud much
esteemed friend, of somewhat aldermanio propor
tions, (induced, perhaps, by a practical approval Os
the Beu!imeuts cf the author—for it ia a noticeable
fact that nearly all his family partake of the same
ample proportions,) banded us, a day or two since
the article under the above caption which occupies
so large a portion of our space this morning. W’e
offer no apology tor its length, and have nothing to
say in regard to “the exclusion of other matters"—
we only say, read it.
Prof. Dunlap—The Deal nud Dumb Institute.
It affords us pleasure to do simple justice to
Professor Dunlap, of “The Deaf and Dumb
Institute,” by publishing tbe article ot “Justice.”
Our correspondent has evidently been misled by
some malignant designing person. W’e had been
informed ere the communication of “Justice,” that
great injustice had been done Prof. D. by our
correspondent, particularly in reference to the
charge ot whipping tbe mutes—that the chastise
ment with a cowhide, referred to by our corres
pondent, occurred previous to tho connection of
Prof. Dunlap with the institution—that it was
infliclted by the Steward, McDaniel, during the
administration of Prof. Fannin, though without
his knowledge.
The Deaf uud Dumb Institute.
VVe lay before our readers, in another column?
some facts, prepared at our suggestion, by a gen
tleman who is not only reliable but familiar w.th
the subjeot, in reference to the Deaf aud Dumb
Institute at Cave Spring. To this statement of
faota, we invite the prompt attention of the Legis
lature, and urge upon them the appointment of a
committee, composed of the most intelligent men of
their body, who Bhall go to Cave Spring with full
power to investigate the whole subject, and require
them to report to the next session, and in the
meantime, let all the work toward improvements or
additions be arrested. For no intelligent, unbiased
man cao question the propriety, nay, necessity, of
removing the Institution from that isolated place.
Let it be transferred to some central position iu the
State, and let the State construct buildings adapted
to the purpose ; in short, make the Institute worthy
the name of a State institution—one of which her
whole people may feel justly proud. The idea of
ouch a structure, accommodations aud facilities as
those described by our correspondent—and it is
true to the letter—in an institution endowed by a
great State, ia discreditable to the State, and evinces
a niggardly parsimony, wholly incompatible with
enlightened and liberal legislators.
Burning ok Gin Houses —The number of gin
houses destroyed by fire in the cotton-planting
States within the last few weeks is so great as to
attract speoial attention. Hardly a day passes
without a report of one or more fires of this kind
We heard a gentleman say, a few days ago, that
six gin bouses were bu?-nt in Talbot county week
before last. Tbe Mobile Mercury reports the burn
ing of two in Conecuh county, Ala., and the Lump
kin Palladium informs us of the destruction by fire
of the gin house of Col. D. B. narrell, of Webster
county, Ga, with thirty bales ol packed ootton.
No cause oan be assigned for most of these flies,
but tbe last named bouse was set on tire by a negro
girl belonging to Col. Harrell. Is it possible that
the abolition war against slaveholders, which met
with euch a signal failure at Harper's Ferry, is now
prosecuted iu a more stealthy mode 7 There is
something remarkable about these fires—if they
are accidental, science must be invoked to explain
tbe latent cause; if tbe work of lystematic design,
exposure and severe punishment are demanded.
[Columbus Knqr,
We think it more than probable that most of
these fires ooour from spontaneous oombustion,
originating from oiled cotton. It is a well-known
fact that in a temperature of sixty to eighty degrees
oil aud cotton mixed will ignite in a very short
period. Any planter may test this matter to his
satisfaction.
An Elegnot Work Box.
We were shown, yesterday, a Lady's Work Box,
which certainly surpasses anything of the kind we
have ever before seen, in elegance, beauty aud
convenience. No description can give an adequate
idea of its appearance, or internal arrangements.
It is very large, and contains an astonishing num
ber of drawers, trays, cushions, &.C., comprising
all tbe mysteries of a lady’s table, with a proper
place for each article. The whole front is com
posed of the most elaborate inlaid work in ebony
rosewood and ivory. There is also a very fine mu
sical accompaniment, with a capacity of several
tunes, among which we recognized the well known
“ Mareaillaise.” It may be seen at Clark’s Jewelry
Store, during the coming week, and the curious wil,
find it well worthy of inspection.
Cosmopolitan Art Association.— We Lave
taken frequent occasioa to speak in commendatory
terms of this Association lor the encouragement of
art in the United States; aud we recur to thp sub
ject again for the purpose of oalling attention to
tbe “ Sixth Annual Announcement,” in our adver
tising columns. The inducements now offered seem
to us greater than those ot any previour year. Tbe
engraving “ Shakspeare and bis Friends,” is a gem
which all art-lovers will prize, and tbe Journal
published by the Aisociation is an interesting, able
and elegantly illustrated magazine. We do not
know where an investment of three dollars will
procure at so cheap a rate, as much gratification, as
this. Mr. Thos. Hankinson ie Honorary Secretary
for Augusta end vicinity, aud will receive and re
mit subscriptions.
Harper's New Monthly Magazine.— Tbe De
cember number of this popular periodical, and the
first of anew volume, ie out. There ie no decrease
of interest or variety in its pages ; on the contrary,
the articles, we think, are more than usually pleas
ant and readable. In the piotorial department there
are several interesting paper*! from experienced
pens, which are profusely illustrated. The other
articles from contributors are of that agreeable sort
which will ensure and repay perusal. Some letters
of Charles Lamb, never before published, are
furnished by Geo. W. Curtis. The Editors Drawer
is a epeoiaiity of Harper. There are some mirth
provoking aneodotes in this issue, several of which
are “located” in onr own State.
For sale by William C. Barker, No. 219 Broad
street.
Copies may also be obtained of 11. D. Norrell
Suspension ok Publication.— The Atlanta
American states that the Intelligencer, of that city,
having loet all the material aud presses of their
establishment by the fire of Wednesday night, will
necessarily suspend until they can make arrange
ments to have it printed, or procure anew outfit
The Crusader, also, will be compelled to suspend,
temporarily, the Job Office of Messrs. J. L. Miller
&. Cos. having been destroyed, and there being no
other press in the city of the requisite size.
Marshall House, Savannah, Ga.— We invite
the attention of our readers to the card of the above
Hotel, in our advertising columns. The proprietor
Mr. Wm. Cooledge, has just completed a thorough
refitting of the establishment, in tbe way of addi
tions, renovations, painting, new furniture, Ac.
Ac., and promisee that the comforts and accommo
dations of the Marshall House eh&ll not be excelled
by any Hotel in the city.
A Georgia Book of Poems.—We have received
a volume of verses, entitled “The Ladye Lillian,
and other Poems. By E. Young. ” Not having
read it, we are unable to speak of its merits. Those
who are curious to know whether we have a
genuine poet among us, had better get this book
and decide for themeelvee- Any person enclosing
a dollar to E. Younq, Lexington, Ga., will receive
a copy of the work, postage free.
Later from Hayti —News from Hayti, dated
Port au Prince, Oct. 23d, states that tbe trial of the
conspirators arrested for their complicity in the late
conspiracy against the Government, which resulted
iu the assassination of Madame Blanfort, (daughter
of the President of the Republic,) commenced on
the 17th. Twenty of these implicated were con
demned to death, and sixteen suffered the penalty;
one was respited, and three were in another coun
try, out of the reach of Justice. The Court Mar
tial had also condemned Gen. D. Delva and his eon
to death for participation in the conspiracy. The
President had published a proclamation, inviting
the people to unite with him in efforts to establish a
worthy government, and increase the prosperity of
Hayti ; and warning other conspirators to read a
lesson in the punishment of those just executed.
According to the thermometrical record kept at
the Smithsonian Institution at Washington the
change of temperature on Sunday last was very
remarkable, resembling in its suddenness and range
the northers of Texas. At 10 A. M.the thermome
ter stood at 62°, and at 9.30 P. M., at 29j :j , a fall,
in less than twelve hours of thirty-two and three
quarter degrees.
The physicians attending Senator Douglas have
formally stated in writing, that hiß disease is gout
in the stomach, to relieve themselves from the
professional responsibility of a oontradiotion which
some of his friends prompted. Benator Douglas is
improving, and the crisis is considered as past,
though care is still required. Mrs. Douglas is
gradually oonvalesoing.
The lucky possessor of the baud and heart of the
fair Eliza Logan, is Mr. George Wood, of Wood’s
Theatre, Cincinnati.
Prof. Tucker’s Lecture.
Prof. H. H. Tucker,of Mercer University, de,
livered the first Lecture of the season before tbe
Young Men’s Christian Association, at their ball,
on Monday evening. There was a very good at
tendance, although we should have been pleased to
see the seatß entirely filled. The subjeot of the
lecture was “Beauty a Duty.” We shall not at
tempt a synopsis, as we could not hope to give the
reader au adequate conception of its power, and
originality. We can only say, that Prof. T. dis
played ripe scholarship, nioe critical analysis, good
taste,and a felicitons use of language in the treat,
meut of his theme. As he himself remarked, his
lecture was an amplification of the old Saxon pro
verb, “Pretty is that pretty does,”—and thpse who
were not present willoorreotly infer from this, tha
it was not mere physical beauty whioh was meant,
but that beauty which grows out of a well balanoed
mind, a good heart, or brilliant intolleot, manifest
ing itself in the expression of the faoe. There were
several happy poinls and sallies of wit interspersed
here and there, which seemed to have their effeet
upon the riaibic'e of the audience. There were
many plain truths enunciated, too, which the world
would be the hotter for observing.
Pi of. Tucker closed bis address by a few per
tinent remarks to the members ot the Association
He expressed himself strongly in favor of such or’
ganizationa, where ali denominations of ohristian a ”
can meet iu iriendly intercourse—no matter how
they differed in creeds, they should at least be one
in heart.
The next lecture of the course will be delivered
by Rev. T. J. Bow.kn, on Monday evening, tbe 28th
instant; subject, “ Centra! Africa.” He will be
followed, on the 19th of December, by Judge E. A
Nisbet, of Macon.
Southern Medical &l Suqical Journal ;
Savannah of Medicine ; New Or
leans Medical News A Hospital Gazette.—
The November numbers ot tbe above Medical
periodicals are promptly on our table, freighted
with their ueual variety of original, miscellaneous
and editorial matter. We have so repeatedly called
the attention cf tbe medical readers to iu terms
of unqualified praises, lo the valuablo periodicals
before us, that we have hardly any laudatory
epithets left unappropriated for the new numbers
as they successively appear. Suffice it to say that
each and all of then are edited by able and
practiced writers, whose perseveranoe and industry
are sufficient guarantees that eaoh wil! oonducl
their works in such a manner as to make them
useful to the profession aud an honor to the medioal
literature of the day. We, therefore, cordially
commend them to the Profession.
The Southern Medical ano Suroical Jour
nal is edited by Professor H. F. and R. Camphedl,
M. D., and published iu this oity at $3 DO per au
num in advance.
The Savannah Journal of Medicine iaedited by
Professors Juriah Harris and R. D. Arnold and
published iu tbe oity of Savanuah every two months
at $2 per annum.
The New Orleans Medical News and Hospi
tal Gazette is published by Professors D. War
ren BRicKELLand E- D. Fenner, and published
in the city of New Orleans at $5 per annum iu ad
vance.
The year is now drawing to a dose, and it is a
good time to Bend in your subscriptions for these
works ; the best plan is to take all and then you
oau determine whioh is the moat ably conducted
Library of the Youog llea’t Christian Asso
ciation.
It is well known, that through the energetic
efforts of the ladies of Augnsta, a considerable
sum was raised for this worthy organization at their
Fair last winter. The money so generously donated,
is now being expended in the purchase of valnabie
books for a Library at the Association Rooms.—
Within a week or two past, quite a large invoice
has come to hand from prominent publishers. There
are now in the Library about 300 volumes, em
braoing works in the departments of History, Bio
graphy, Poetry, a few of the standard works of
Fiction, Religious Literature, Ao., Ao. A portion
of the fund ie still uninvested, which will, when
expended, considerably augment tbe number of
volumes.
There is also a Deposit Library, consisting of
about 160 volumes, which is furnished by oitizens.
Added to this, there is a fair supply of daily and
weekly newspapers, monthly magazines, Ao., se
cular and religious—which, added to the ohoioe
collection of books just furnished, gives a great
variety of reading; and “free forage ” in this in
viting field will be a pleasant and profitable
pastime, both for residents and strangers.
The Libiary is now open for the use of members,
while all visitors not members are allowed free use
ot the Library and Papers, the Association only
stipulating that they shall not remove any of the
same from tbe premises.
Legislative.
Pardon of W. A. Choice.— The Senate onThurs’
day passed the bill for the pardon of Wm. A. Choice,
by a vote of 51 yeas to 63 nays. The bill has yet
to go before the House.
Crime by Deputy. —The House of Representa
tives passed, on Monday lost, a bill inffioting the
penal'y of death on any white person who chaff
procure a slave to commit an offense which, by law,
forfeits the life of euoh slave.
Constitutional Convention — Tbe bill provi
ding for the call of a Constitutional Convention,
was brought up for discussion in the House of
Representatives on Thursday, and loßt by a vote of
69 yeas to 80 nays.
Reconsidered.— The House of Representatives ’
on Friday, by a majority of twenty three, voted to
reoonsider the bill providing for the call of a Con
stitutional Convention.
Codification of the Laws—Thomas R. R.
Cobb of Athens, and Richard H. Clark, of Al
bany, were, on Saturday last, appointed Cornmis
missioners to Codify tbe Laws of Georgia ; in the
place of the Hon. H. V. Johnson and Iverson L.
Harris, Esq., who declined the appointment.—
Mesers. Cobb and Clark had no opposition.
U. S. Mint at Dahlonega.—A resolution of
Mr. Riley, from the Benate, has been adopted in
the House of Representatives, instructing our
Senators and requesting our Representatives in
Congress to use their efforts to continue tbe
United States Branch Mint, at Dahlonega, for
tho benefit of miners in that gold-preduoing
region. It appears from the preamble to the
resolution that some attempt had been made,
in the last Congress, to abolieh this Mint. From
the large operations recently commenced by
northern capitalists, it is probable that the yield of
the precious metals in our mountains will be greater
than at any former period.
Fugitive Slaves to be Protected in Maine.—
The following petition to the Legislature is in circu
lation in Maine:
“The undersigned respectfully ask you to put an
end to slave bunting in Maine, by enacting that no
persons who has been held as a Blave shall be
delivered up by any offioer or oourt, State or fede
ral, within this State, to any one olaitniog him on
the ground that he owes servios or labor to euob
claimant by the laws of one of the slave States of
this Union.”
A Vegetable Guide.— A little plant is found
upon the prairiee of Texas, oalled the “ compass
flower,” which, under ali ciroumstanoes of olimate,
changes of weather, rain, frost or sunshine, in
variably turns its leaves and flowers towards tha
North, thus affording an unerring guide to the
traveler wbo, unaided by the needle, seeks to ex
plore those vast plains alone.
Glass Coffins.— Mr. John R. Canon, of New
Albany, Ind., has just obtained a patent for glass
coffins. Bodies plaoed in these Coffins may be
preserved in their natural state for all time to come, 1
and when placed in vaults, can always be accessible
to tbe gaze of those who are left behind. The
expense of these oeffins will be no more than that
of ordinary wooden ooffins, and if the expectations
of tbe inventor are realized so far as the preserva
tion of bodies is oonoerned, they will Immediately s
come into general use. M
Death of Mr. A. Yon'gue —We learn from
Charlotte (N. C.) Bulletin ot Saturday, that
A. Yongiik, the Conductor on the Charlotte ft
C. Railroad, who received injuries by being run
over on Wednesday last, expired in Columbia on
Thursday night.
Sinking of the Steamer Excel.—We learn
from the Constitutionalist of Tuesday mornkig,
that “the eteamer Excel, Capt. Lund, whioh left
here on Sunday morning for Savannah, struok a
snag at about three o’olock, on the same afternoon,
near Flowery Gap landing, about fifty-two miles
below this city, and sunk—the wind blowing very
high at the time, rendering the boat somewhat un
manageable, and causing her to run too near the
shore. The water on the eff side of the sunken
eteamer is about twenty feet. Fortunately no per
son was drowned or injured.
“The Eicel had, as freight, two hundred and
twenty-five barrels of Flour, and some way freight,
which she took on at this plaoe, three hundred
saoksof corn from Foreman’s plaoe, and other
light freights from points on the river. She lies in
a careened position on the Carolina side, where she
struck the snag. Efforts will be made to raise her
at once, and we hope may prove successful. The
freight will prove a total loss.
Stock Raising in TexAS.-Tbe tide of emigre
tion that has set towards tbe State for this last tew
years, has been very V at-and tbe number of
emigrants this ye* undoibtedly exceeds that of
any privious oe. In. mania for stock raising,
which has grown out of the glowing accounts sent
us by those who have been hitherto successfully
engaged in that business there, have materially
contributed to this influx. Texas is admirably
adopted for agricultural pursuits,—her soil, her
climate, are all that can be wished for fertility and
. , •*_ nm._ rvrloans Delta says it wou.d
Climate, are on non
salubrity. The New Orleans Delta says it woo.d
not be surprised if, at the next oensus, Texas should
be found to oontain nearly a million of people, de
voted to those branches of industry for which he
vast surface and varied resources oiler so many
indaoemeotn.
A Kiscdi.— The Bichmond Dupatch says:
—There are still occasional rumors of a plot
to rescue Old Brown and his companions.—
The Bichmond correspondent of the Petersburg
Express says that orders have been given to the
guard, in the event of such an attempt, to shoot
the prisoners at once, and then defend themselves
from the attacking party.
The Governor is still in reoeipt of vile and men
acing letters from the abolitionists. It is evident
that a spirit of mischief is afoot whioh demands
vigilance.
Wood Indicted.— Benjamin Wood, a brother a
Fernando, we learn from the Naw York •• Daj
Book” of the 11th instant, has been lndleted bj
the Grand Jury of that oity for selling Lottery
Tickets of the Delaware and Georgia Lotteries
He gave security to answer.