Newspaper Page Text
I * •
1
HY N. S. MORSE & CO.
(Chronicle k Sentinel.
£ • _
TERMS.
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UtHHLV ADVEItIHIMJ ItATKA.
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roll-.* (■ »0«»* I Hi. A WeaLa) " ».l 1- .*«
boniW ran /ie, n tanner and doctor, !■>«•:! -ie
-m : n«M ni - • "I '
Hi ; in ~qp H*> ga; *'us n I ea -■))), tli.it In'
h. 4H. : it to iiril- .1 thirty thousand dollars i'll
liin f sr. no vr.'-iut yeai, ..ml could not afford
(. in./ nunon When the enemy
,:K.-. i.-. in .Madison, among tin .■-■*- who move.l
oil hi* lerviiut* aUilliliM Hl;, I'.oi'iHl.i* then’
ihv,.'.*’, wm... .-ollejm *’l:i'«"U«' « < “*«* AHm
n.urle m>o. J* «■> 'lnner 1 l.lmt in his journey -
iue |,< came, nfter night. In li." ol
ll.e vv-.lttiy ilO'U'i. 1 '*) nutate i IVIIH I'OIII
le,me Til t I .'luge; iijj allowed to shelter
himstlf in an cm; -I out boom;, and lo pound
bis si u ! in *' * I.l rn-yard lie was aroused
before day, h • . ■ er, fy the stern order of the
returned'doctor, orderinr Ins old limn! to
leave lo < preiniraa instantly. The only food
man or beast had received was whal a now had
graze 1 in the pir-tore and for this the sum ol
i wont v -fit •> cuts wtui demanded and (raid!
Asa to. 11 .. er pi I'alliainent e\ el aimed when
be hoard'd the atrociiie.i of the tyrant Ilutle,
in Noiv O, leans, ‘ 1 blush when l think tint
sue), z ia"t bob mgs I" the same race with my
sell,” wo n:r i •dy to v, Ala' that such a
ere,.fire >i"> tins \lhematle county doetor is a
eiii/vn of tlin on C'v.ie.li io. I, with ourselves
Hu«'b tt tuilow 0 ..I »be tic ito the tail of a
eait aud whipped out of the cotill tty.
Jin ought lo ho banished to that people
whoso Ini" for tlm dollar bears oil' (he palm
from all other no' >m. <hir contempt •rary
lulls in that a lull a 1 fount of all the oii.nm-
Ftin'i't haen linen prom dm. By all means
let tti Hiiliie;'ii'iii.ipr • Let the facts and the
names connected v.l'i thu transaction make
part of the In.dory of (tie eventful limes in
which we live ami lei. the infamy ol the busi
ness luruish a ciiuluiy ndmrniliou to any who
may bo tempted lo art in a similar manner.
The r* Ire nes of generosity and meanness,
develo| e.l by this wot, lave certainly been very
remarkable. The struggle through which we
are passing furni. b some of Hus most heauti
fill illuhliaiiolis ol a nohlo and self sacrificing
spirit to he found in the hiak.l v of any race
We hoar of men dealing out with unstinted be
nevolence the entire proceeds oi their fauns
gave w tut was absolutely indisp 'Usable to sup
ply their immediate wants I . the needy and
destitute ar.nr I Ikem. Wo heat of women
stripping their 0. ds (irul theii tloors ol theii
needed . ovcring-, that llmv may contribute to
hoar of lions, keeper* opening their doors to
thos'ekand wounded slraugns w ho have been
thrown upon their hinds end nursing them
without foe or row aid, through weeks aud
months; wo bear ol otlims, noniuipresscd and
uuconscripted, placin ', their property and tlieir
lives at the disposal of the country aud accept
in * any serv)".' no neati, r bow self denying aud
severe if thereby the common cause may lie
advanced. We rejoice that such instance;, are
not rare. The toils and saei i tires of Borneo.' onr
people during this war will supply one of the
brightest payei ever recorded in the annals of
patriotic virtues.
Hut it is a mortifying reflection that the times
have given development to such monsters as
f hose to whom our contemporary refers. We
could wish tlvil (his were an isolated case—an
instance ns remarkable for its rarity as for its
meanness. Hut wo fear that much, very much
of that spirit hs latent among the people, which
if acted out, would be exhibited in just such
revolting extremes. One of th« worst omens
of the times is the disposition which so many
evince to levy forced contribution.’, on their
neighbors. We hare seen the necessaries of
life advanced by holders fifty to one hundred
per c all, in twenty four hour.s—not because the
cost of production had increased so largely
within this peri. .1 or they hod given this in
creased price for the mo lc and mu»t therefore
tnakeyn . 'ling an enhanced demand, hut he
canso the uceesMties of the people compelled
them to pay the advance. In the beginning ol
this war. before the greed of gain had demoral
ized the public mind, people were couteutod
with fair profits for their produce or their in
due try. But the taste of gain, like that of
blood. has maddened ns, and though the ene
my is threatening u* at every point the grand
idea ot multitude-: is tv p i .c p us much properly
as comes within their reach, and by every
means, tvtr or foil' finely, a reform i; needed
In this matter, let us hear and forbear, and
postpone all thoughts of self aggrandizement
until tbeeailain falls on this bloody drama.
The Fir?; War koh 1 M'Ktknukvk. Aron
temporary observe that we have a u tie red
nothing yet compated with what our lathers
guttered in the first w o h r independence. Then
we had the es\ -ge Indiaus at our backs, the
tones ov.-r our own hearth stones, and a lair
and open enemy in our front. Augusta, Sa
vannah, 'L’-he' u, Camden, autl Ninety six.
weto all men Di Irish ; “ aud Georgia aud
Socth Carolina w .e occupied almost entirely
for tho'o lour ud dieuy e-r*. Vet a heroic
anowtry rose from our valleys and det ruded
from our hills, ti tstiug in God and resolved to
perish ra.her than mmitr as slaves, nnd they
drove onr conquerors ft ,u the sod; and so we
can do, even s t.o our ami be overrun l>y
vandals. It wo are determined to he free, let
whi.t wui come, wo w. 1 lav To resolute,
spirited people, there u no such word, there
is vo such tin gas fah. It is only the coward
»tid the timid wno can be whippe I The en
etgetie an i courageous never can be t otiquered
Our people must now stunt firm and do thei;
whole duty. Those who hare not the spirit to
defend their homes and thair property, do not
deserve either.
Blankets are much needed by our soldietsin
the field. Every person that eau spare one or
more should do so immediately, and tlms pre
vent great suffering in the annv. Carpets, cut
up and ma le into proper sire, will keep off the
cold and damp, and will be highly appreciat and
by all who receive, them.
A Qcrky. — \\ under if every body who snug
themselves under warm blankets at night
ever say their prayers in that position, and if
they remember, in their prayers, the blauk
f tless slvepers aronnd Dalton f
ABB TIIH CO.AKEDKR \ I Ett IIHIkI.RI
! 'J he federal Government has a thousand
times protTal.ned that we ore. Tliere is no
name l.y whi h they are so fond of designating
us that ol ••rebels,” Our Generals are rebel
Generals, our armies are rebel armies, our de
feat- are rebel defeats, our ladies arc rebel la
dies, and onr ships are rebel ships. The idea
is that the Washington dynasty instead of being
tile creature and the servant of the States and
the people, in in fact the .Sovereign of said
Mates, and that any insubordination evinced on
the part of the latter is rebellion. The name
which our enemies seek to fix upon us bogs the
whole question in controversy. It implies that
the Government at Washington is a consolida
ted empire, of which the States are integral
parts, having no existence anterior to or inde
pendent of the central throne.
We deny utterly the propriety of the designa
) Hon In lf|e revolution rtf I7IC *•* i -iil.is,
we ik'luM ... ;, b ( i.;» They Were subject* ol
... .mie i fl 4,, !.,i F k >.j "throne; and wheiT
j '!/. : ito pay ti e tares wh'cb had been
; tlrem l.y act of parliament, they
1..-, ame L.i all inteiits and [lurpuscg rebels. Itut
when did the Southern States ever take the oath
of allegiance to the North ? When did South
Carolina, foi example, ever declare that she
wa- a subject of Massachusetts or of the rest
of the United States? Did not some of the
States at the time of accepting the Constitution
ol 1787 expressly stipulate for the right of re
voking that acceptance at pleasure? And were
not the stipulations expressed by some implied
by the rest ? When, in 18-11, the Legislature of
Massachusetts passed a resolution threatening
the secession of that State in the event of the
annexation of Texas, did the South denounce
the act as rebellious? When, in 1811, the Hart
ford Convention actually assembled to lake the
initiative in the work of secession, were they
declared to be rebels by their confederates in
the Union? The truth is the name lms been
tixed upon the South by tiie Abolitionists as a
stigma. They would vent their indignation in
tlio very appellation by which they describe us.
Hut it- some times happens that the names
which an enemy casts upon an offending party
as a disgrace, are accepted aud worn as tire
brightest jewels. There may be times when
the position of the rebel, even upon the sup
position I hat he is clearly such, is vastly more
honorable and uptight than that of the loyalist.
When Luther protested against ilie ecclesiasti
cal institution's of his day, he was in one sense
a rebel, uml yet there are multitudes who have
more respect for Luther as a rebel and an op
ponent, than they woyhl have cherished for the
same man as a submissionist, or an uncom
plaining supporter of the theological dogmas
of the flay. Washington was a rebel, open aud
undisguised. Had ho not been such his name
would have lmd no place on the historic page.
He would have descended to the grave, in all
probability, without any tiling to distinguish
him from the masses of his generation. Rut
he was a rebel. He drew bis sword to resist
laws, however regularly and solemnly enacted,
which he deemed oppressive. Ho gave his
time, his piupcrty, and his talents to the work
of subverting Ilritisli authority on this conti
nent. The patriots of the last century have
conferred on the name of j he! an inippridia
blc lustre. And if om enemies pm sist imlesig
naiing us by this title, let us accept it us (he
name by which some of the noblest intellects
and purest patriots of earth have been known.
We notice that Earl Russell in a speech
which he delivered a weeks ago at Blairgowrie,
ii very far from considering Southerners, even
if the accusation of being rebels were just , as
guilty as those who are seeking their destruc
tion seem lo think them. Indeed, Hie honor
aide gentlemen delivers himself in such a way
as In autlmme the conclusion that he deems
rebels to he a very respectable sort of pccffdc.
Here are his remarks on this point:
Well, il was said that these Confederate
States were rebels—rebels against the Union.
Perhaps, gentlemen, l am not so nice as 1 ought
to he on the subject. Hut I recollect that wo
rebelled against diaries I—we rebelled against
James ll—anil the people of New Eng
land. not content with these two rebellions,
rebelled against George 111. 1 am not saying
now whether all these rebellions were justifia
ble, or whether they were wrong—l am not
saying whether the present rebellion in the
Southern Stales is justifiable insurrection, or is
a great fault or a great crime—lmT 1 say that
ti e mere fact of rebellion is not in my eyes a
crime ol so deep a dye that we must renounce
all fellowship and communion aud all lelation
ehip with those who have been guilty of rebel
lion. But, certainly, if 1 look to the declara
tions ot those New England orators —and 1
have been reading lately, if not the whole, yet
a very greet part, of the very long speech by
Mr. Sumner on the subject, delivered at New
York 1 own 1 cannot but wonder to see these
men, the otlspring as it were of three rebel
lion-, a we are the otlspring of two rebellions,
really speaking like the U/.ar of Russia, the Sul
tan of Turkey, or Louis XIV' himself of the
dreadful crime and guilt of rebellion.
A Gallant Soldier. -It always affords us
great pleasure to read and record the brave j
and daring deeds of our noble defenders in the |
field - no matter from what section of our Con- I
federaev they may have come. Hut it gives us i
especial gratification to speak of tlie gallant ac- I
(tons of Georgia's sons, and to lay them before
our reiders.
We have already published an account of the
unsuocassful and bloody attack upon the Fed
eral fortifications at Knoxville. Among the of
ficers who took the load in the assault was Cap),
loin Cnmming, son of Col. Gumming, of this
city. Capt. C. was with tlie many who were
tripped up by tlie Yankee trap and plunged in
to tlie Yankee ditch. But, according to the ac
coun,' he did not fancy his new position: nor
did he remain there long. lie was one of the
few who succeeded in clambering up the onpo.
-ate side. Calling on those who had gained the
parapet to follow. _he “dashed down into the
wot k, and made for a party of Yankees who
were endeavoring to fire a gun. Before he could
sit ike a !> ow. he was overpowered and disarm
ed. liis returnk to the officer who jeceived his
sword was characteristic of the coolness of the
man : 'You have got iny arms, sir, but it is a
proud sasisfaction that yon take them from me
in the middle of this tort - ' ” These facts were
stated by a Federal officer who held communi
cation with some of our men after the battle,
under flag of truce. It is stated that thev high
Iv complimented our fellow-citizen for his cour-
age and soldier-like conduct. Those who know
him best, would expect him to have pursued the ■
course he did. We regret that he is a prisoner, i
Would that more of his companions had follow,
ed him in his daring charge. Then, undoubt
ed! v. the results of the siege of Knoxville
would have been different.
We w'ould here state that Col. C. now has
two sons prisoners in the hands of the I ederals.
The other was captured during Gen. Lees Penn
sylvania campaign.
The Constitution for the new Territory of
Nevada declares that every citizen owes para
mount allegiance to the Federal Government.
Paper money is prohibited.
Federal papers state that there are forty
thousand Yankee deseityrs in Canada.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, .* xNUARY R, 186*.
The Pinerexce.—What is held as rank trea
son in Washington is regarded as only a nice
piece of speculation in the Confederacy. In
the Yankee capital a man would as soon be
tempted to put Iris hand into a fiery furnace as
to exhibit Confederate money. Smithson, the
banker, who has been sent for five years to the
Albany State prison on the bare suspicion of
selling and trading in Confederate notes, is a
terrible example to them all. But throughout
the South the trading in the currency of the
enemy is lucked upon through the spectacles
of interest, it would seem, by both the Gov
ernment and the people. This condition of af
fairs exists in all sections of our country. Not
only regular dealers, but hosts of ethers barter
ihe nicely tinted notes of our enemy for our
currency—doing all they can to appreciate the
former ami depn date the latVr.
Is it auv wonder that the Confederate notes
are rapidly la-coming w orth less and le, • nler
Mi.-h demoralizing state of things’ N
r.»v' >1 1 : aoif wfi'eiiTrTdi* tww-s. , n »y-j—».irr.e. »iicra
ft traftlc.' with an enormous premium, 114 the
currency of its powerful enemy. This is one
of the matters Congress ought to take in hand
at once. The disease is a severe one. The
remedy applied should be severe and effectual.
No penally can be too great. If some in our
midst will not desist in their endeavors to in
jure our cause by destroying our currency, let
them feel the heavy arm of the law.
Treatment of Fedbiiai. Prisoners. —The treat
ment of the Federal prisoners, is a subject that
ought lo be investigated at once—and in a most
thorough manner. The Confederate Senate, at
the suggestion of Mr. Wigfall, has instructed
the Military Committee to look into the mat
ter. If all accounts are true, a good ventilla
tion will not reflect much credit on those hav
ing the management of affairs in charge. It is
stated that among the facts that will be disclo
sed by tliis investigation, not the least surpris
ing will be that these Yankee prisoneis have
been furnished with three-quarters of a pound
of bacon each per diem, at a time when our
troops in the field were only receiving a quar
ter of a pound; and that beef was purchased
for them at eighty cents a pound when the
butchers of Richmond hadagreed to furnish it to
citizens in the market at sixty cents. Transac
tions of this sort should he brought to light.—
Such evils can and ought to be corrected speed
ily. For one we do not believe in feeding our
prisoners any better than we do our troops.
The Best Way to Treat’ Nigcf.r Prisoners.—
The Boston Traveler states that Lieut. Cole
man and twenty nigger troops captured by Col.
Logan in Louisiana, lately, were hung on the
spot. They belonged to Gen. Williams’ fa
mo is black regiment. ,
This is the best way for our soldiers to treat
Lincoln's nigger troops.and tliqse who com
mand them, whenever and wherever they may
fall into their hands. By putting such cattle
out of the way in an effective manner as soon
us taken, all after disputes arc avoided. Their
caivei would he ended, and 110 exchange difii
cultics would arise in regard to them. We
believe our government did threaten not lo al
low any of them to be taken prisoners. But
the threat in this instance, as in a host of oth-
W.JS si.JM.U ..threat that'.: ill. Ik-itm-tu*
to have made it. Better still not to have said
anything at all—but issued a peremptory order
-not to take nigger soldiers or white officers
commanding nigger troops,” and had it faitli
fullyand effectually executed. „
This threatening and not performing is a six
year-old school boy slyle of doing business.
Any government that pursues such n policy
will eventually break down. Acts are always
better than words. Especially wliep one is en
deavoring lo repel the attacks of a cruel and
vindictive foe.
The Appointment of Gf.n. Johnston, to the
command of the Army of Tennessee,, appears
to have given universal satisfaction both to the
troops and the public, throughout the country.
This distinguished soldier seems to have the
full confidence of all in every section. His
lofty patriotism and superior military genius
have been tried, aud have stood the test. Now
let the government, the troops, and the peo
ple support Gen. Johnston as he ought to be,
and we shall again soon have -good news from
Tennessee.” If we do not give him all that
he asks, aud what he needs, we cannot expect
him to perform great deeds. His ranks must
he tilled at once, and his men should he well
clothed and fed. All this can he done. Will
it be? That is the question. Let? the people
answer “yes”—not by words, but by acts. We
have had enough of palavering and useless
talk—now let 11s have deeds of the right stamp.
A movement in the right direction is worth
more to our cause than millions of resolves and
windy discussions. What we want now is ac
tion. Prompt action. Action to the point.
Shall we have it ?
Enforce the Laws.— The President said four
mouths ago. that if the absentees would return
to camp we should equal the enemy in num
bers in Tennessee. 11 is now stated that sixty per
cent, of Gen. Bragg's army was absent when the
recent fights occurred. A lamentable story,
truly. Whose fault is it ? The dead, and the
maimed, and sick, and wounded, are necessari
ly absent. But why are there any other absen
tees ? Simply because the laws of war are not
enforced. Enforce them vigorously and to their
utmost extent, and the army will be greatly in
creased. It is no use to put more men into tlie
army, unless measures are adopted to bring
back and keep in tlie ranks those who already
belong there. If our government was only
prompt in executing its laws and enforcing its
threats, niatteis would move along much better
aud much more smoothly. A law that is not
strictly enforced is worse than no law at all.
Gen. Pillow o.x Mechanical Exemption.—
Gen. Pillow has issued an order in his depatt
ment iu regard to the exemption of mechanics.
He appears to be determined tobiing down the
prices of some things. Hereafter all those me
chanics who are exempted on account of their
callings, who charge over seventy-five percent,
profit on the goods they manufacture—the profit
allowed by law—will be put into the army with
out delay' upon sufficient proof of their short
comings -or overreaching?, more i roperly—
being furnished. As tlie General is an office r
who carries out his orders to the letter, those
exempts who disobey them must not think it
strange if they find themselves members of the
Confederate may.
A Movement that Ought to ue Stopped. —lt
j is said that quite a large number of very patri
| otic Southern gentlemen who have accumula*
! ted fortunes during the war, and are apprehen-
I sive that the present Congress may furnish them
! positions in the army, are making their escape
! upon blockade running vessels through the
j lines for the purpose of enjoying their fortunes
in foreign parts. Tlie Government should take
immediate steps for putting a stop to all such
proceedings.
THE PROPOSED EUROPEAN < BNURSBK
Annexed is the correspondence which took
place between Her Brittanic Majesty’s Gov
ernmont and that of the Emperor of the French
on the proposed European Congress:
FROM NAPOLEON TO VICTOR!!.
“Madam, my Sister:—ln face of the eveuts
which dairy arise and press themselves on at
tention, 1 deem it indispensable to impart ray
whole thought to the sovereigns to xvhoui tiie
destiny of nations is confided. On all occa
sions when gi eat convulsions have shaken the
foundations and deranged the limits of states, I
solemn compacts have followed to reduce to j
order the new elements, and to recognize, ’
while revising them, the changes that have ;
been effected. Such was the object of the j
Treaty of Westphalia in the seventeenth ecu-1
Inry, and of the negotiations of Vienna in I
ISIY. It is on this last foundation that the j
political edifice of Europe now rest--: and nev
ertlieiess, your majesty is not ignonuit. it
crumbling to pieces on all .sides. If one <>n
riders attentively the situations oi' 'Hi.- <Jb:
cut countries, it i >1 .
on almost ail points L.e tie*,, . .... c
destroyed, modifi -e disira;,,, i,
1 ■ ■ -A- **£ -:■' -
peril the more tot ">''l . since ihe improve
ments produced Irv civilization, which has uni
led peoples together by an identity of material
interests, would render war still more destruc
tive. This is a matter for serious reflection.
Let us not delay taking a decision until sud
den and irresistible events > fsturb our judg
ment and draw us. in spite o‘ ourselves, in op
posite directions. I now, thef ifore, propose to
your majesty to regulate the present amt to se
cure the future by means of a congioss.
Summoned to the throne by Providence aud
Hie will of the French people, but brought up
in the school of adversity, it is perhaps, less al
lowable for me than for others to ignore the
rights of sovereigns and tiie legitimate aspira
tions of peoples. Thus, 1 am ready, without
any preconceived system, to bring to an inter
national council a spirit oi'moderation and jus
tice, the ordinary portion of those who have
undergone so many different trials, if 1 take
the initiative in such an overture l do not yield
to an impulse of vanity, but because I am the
sovereign to whom ambitious projects have
mostly been attributed. I have it at heart to
prove, by this frank and loyal overture, that
my sole object is to arrive, without convulsion,
at the pacification of Europe. If this proposal
be agreed to. I beg your majesty to accept Pa
ris as the place of meeting. If the princes, al
lies and friends of France, should think fit to
enhance, by their presence, the authority of tiie
deliberation. I shall be proud to offer them cor
dial hospitality. Europe will, perhaps, see
some advantage in the capital whence the sig
nal of confusion lias so often arisen becoming
the seat of conferences destined to lay the basis
of a general pacification. 1 lake this opportu
nity of renewing to you the assurances of the
high esteem and inviolable friendship with
which I am,
Madam, my sister,
Your majesty's good brother,
Paris. Nov. 4. Napoleon.
FROM EART. RUSSELL TO EART. COWLEY.
Forekin Office, Nov. 12.
My Loan:—Her majesty tiie Queen having
been p.eased to refer to her confidential ser
vauts a letter of Ihe Emperor Napoleon, ad
dressed to her majesty on the subject of a con
gress, I proceed to inform you of the view which
her majesty’s government take of the proposal
contained in it. The letter invites her majesty
to take part in a congress, to be held in Paris,
on the affairs of Europe. I am commanded in
the first place to inform your excellency that
her majesty’s government see in this step a
proof of tiie interest taken by his imperial ma
jesty in the welfare of Europe. 1 will now pro
ceed to remark on the gtound stated for this
proposal, and then examine the proposal itself.
His imperial majesty observes that oil all r.ica
si'uis when great convulsions have shaken the
foundations ai-.d deranged llle Tunis of sta
sob 11m compacts Have nee!*" enferea thto.TlaV
ing for their object to reduce to order the new
elements, and to recognize, while revising them,
the changes that have been effected. Such was
the object of the treaty of Westphalia in the
seventeen century, and of the negotiations of
Vienna, in 1815. On this last foundation the
political edifice of Europe no\j rests, and never
theless, ids imperial majesty observes, it is
crumbling to pieces on all sides. The Emperor
goes on to stale that, if the situation of the dif
ferent countries is attentively considered, il. is
impossible not to admit that in almost all points
the treaties of Vienna are destroyed, modified,
disregarded or menaced.
When so important a proposal jis that, which
the Emperor has put forth is made lo rest on
certain grounds, it is our duty to examine care
fully the grounds themselves. Nearly half a
century has elapsed since the treaties of 1815
were signed. Tiie work was somewhat hurried
by the necessity of giviugrepose to Europe after
so many convulsions. Yet the changes made
in this peiiod of fifty years have not been more
than might have been expected from the lapse
of time, the progress of opinion, the shitting
policy of governments, and tiie varying exi
gencies of nations. If we take half a century
lroin the peace of Westphalia to 1700,0ra simi
lar period from the peace of Utrecht to 1703,
we shall find those periods marked by exten
sive changes, as well as the period which has
elapsed between 1815 and 1803. Yet it was
not thought necessary at the epochs mentioned
to proceed to a general revision either of the
ticaty of Westphalia or the treaty of Utrecht.
Is it the couviction of Her Majesty’s Govern
ment that the main provisions of the treaty of
1815 are in full force; that the greater number
of those provisions have not been in any way
disturbed; and that on those foundations rests
the balance of power in Europe. If, instead of
saying that the treaty of Vienna lias ceased to
exist, or that it is destroyed, we i mire whe
ther certain poitions of it have 1 u modified,
disregarded or menaced, other uestions occur.
Some of tiie modifications .ich have taken
place have received the sum .11 of a'l the great
powers, ami now form pa of the public law
of Europe. Is it proposed u> give those chan ;es
a more general and so' mn sanction ? Is such
a work nCcessary? AVi 11 it contribute to (lie
peace of Europe ! Other portions of the trea
ty of Vienna have been disregarded or set aside,
and tiie changes thus made <lf facto have not
been icepgnized tie jure by all tiie powers of
Europe, is it proposed to obtain from powers
which have not hitherto joined in that recogni
tion a sanction to those changes ?
Lastly come those parts of tlie treaty of Vi
enna which are menu ed, and upon those por
tions the most important questions of all arise.
Wiiat. is. the nature of the proposals to be
made on this sub ject by the Emperor Napo
leon.' In what direction would they tend?
And. above all. are they, if agreed to by a mtv
jority of. the powers, to be enforced by anus'
When the sovereigns or ministers of Austria.
France. Ptussia, Russia, and Great Britain met
at Verona in 1823, upon the affairs of Spain,
tlie first four of those powers carried into
effect their resolutions by means of armed
forces, in spite of the protest of Great Britain.
Is this example to be followed at the present
Congress in case til' disagreement? 1 pon all
these poirtts her majesty’s government must
obtain satisfactory explanations before they
can come to any decision upon the proposal
made by (lie Emperor. Her majesty’s govern
ment would be ready to discuss with 1 ranee
and other powers. l>y diplomatic correspon
dence, any specified questions upon which a so
lution might be attained, and European iwace
thereby more securely established. But they
would'feel more apprehension than confidence
from Gm* meeting of a congress of sovereigns
aud irMisteis without fixed objects, ranging
oxer the map of Europe, and exciting hopes
and aspirations which they might find them
selves unable either to gratify or to qu et. Her
majesty’s government have no reason to doubt
that the’Emperor Napoleon would bring into
such an assembly a spirit of moderation and oi
justice. They leel confident that his object is
to give security to the peace of Europe. ’1 he
only question is as to the means by which that
object is to be attained.
You are directed to read and give a copy of
this despatch to 11. Drouyn de Lhuys.
I am,. Sc., Ri ssbix.
In Warsaw, such has teeu the bloody work
of the Russians, that Gen. Berg has issued or
ders forbidding mourning to be worn. Pas
; sengers on foot ar.- to be fined ten roubles ; the
j proprietors of private carriages with mourning
■ emblems, one huudred roubles; persons in hired
1 vehicles, fifteen roubles : officials tt antgressing
#l e to forfeit one month * pay.
I O.MJRKBB.
.• aregratifhi to ftoiice the businesslike'
t er in whicliKw- members of the present
j \ j e«s are addressing themselves to tiie im
j ) .at measim-i to which their attention has
;! • Ceded -al hough we do not agree with
, 1 ain alt their a -ts or ihe pHuis they propose
I dopt. Though they hu e not yet been con
j vt .and one me® la. the whole matter of the ses
; sjf t lias already been blocked out, and isseady
| 1(1 jike the form of law. This is one of tiie
! >i- i ;ul signs of the times. Whether the tnem
!>' j are stimulated to this expedition by a pa
t-7 ism win h appreciates the great imporiance
ispalch,or whether the discomforts ot Biel.
t < - 'is Hie same
I ifciie’trfiry. nation va**
■-iai- way-*--even In 1 tin*'*
ey.r-.Jwilhth (• support of le
j. ■ ihuu logic, iden of this type were tiie
' s.'->i the oot United Stales Congress; and
we had begun to fear, from somcf demonstra
tion; heretofore made in Richmond, that our
government was lo suiler from a similar inflic
tion.
Wo need now in our national councils uieu
oi business, rather than men of words. If a
man has the reputation for being eloquent, if
In* bus been accustomed to lead in the political
bodies with which he has ordinarily been con
nected, or if he is the prominent exponent of
some party, whether living or, defunct, lie is
not the man for the legislation of file present
times. He may be patriotic—but ho will find
il necessary to illustrate ids oratorical powers
or lo sustain his reputation for eloquence by too
many protracted speeches on points of minor
interest, lbs ambition to give tone to the men
with whom he acts, will revive his old artifices,
an ! he will be constantly jealous lest the inter
ests of his party le compromised by the arts of
quondam opponents. Such a man cannot meet
the case when nothing is eloquence but ‘‘ac
tion”—-noble, sublime, godlike action.”
Our Legislature, which lias been concluded
within tiie past few days, deserves well of tlieir
constituents. There was less effort at display,
less attempt at mere shining rhetoric aud to
make capital for future political operation
than in ihe great majority of similar bodies
which have been convened in Milledgeville.
For the most part, plain common-sense men,
with judicious views of the crisis, found them
selves congregated as law makers—many of
them for tiie first time in tlieir lives—at a mo
ment when the invader’s heel was threatening
the very lieai t of our commonwealth. They
gave themselves to the work before them with
all the energy which the circumstances de
manded and have—as a whole—acquitted
themselves so creditably that we are disposed
to say to them, “Well done good and faithful
servants.” ,
We liaii it as one of the best omens of the
linn s that, with very few exceptions, our rep
icsentatives in Richmond are waiving their
rigid to make long speeches and giving tliom
selvS'3 earnestly to the work so .imperatively
deiaJind.-d by the crisis which is upon us. Let
thei\ constituents everywhere applaud their
lasW* 1 " fia.. . 'tiuui!' 7 ;>>'• vote for. Let (''oil..
g-rtfiKuen understand that Buncombe now de
ma*s working patriots, and that if they would
be popular at home they must depend upon
prompt and patriotic efforts for the welfare of
the country rather than upon political discus
sions done ii]) in inflated rhetoric.
Ukdrual Atrocities iv Virginia.— --During
the late advance of ihe Federal army in Vir
ginia, they subjected the unfortunate families
vviiliin their lines to Hie most inhuman treat
! cut. They desolated their places to tiiat ex
tent that not a meal of victuals was left on any
of them. Every tiling of value was carried off,
furniture was broken up and burned with the
beds and bed clothes. The heads of families
were abused and taken prisoners. Most of the
negroes were stolen. The courage of the van
da's was shown in knocking down infirm and
ag il people, and instilling women and children.
Comments on such barbarity is useles ■. The
facts are revolting, and show what other sec
ions ol the South may expect if overrun.
The Feelings that shoi ld Actuaters.—Ex
treme men now govern the United States. They
mean om subjugation and ruin. We must tight
a: long as those men are in power. When the
people of (tie United States shall drive those
men from power, repudiate their extrem e
measures, and cease to invade and rob us. then
will l>e an honorable door open fordisi ussion, but
never before. I util that door shall be opened
by our enemies let onr people count no disaster
as intolerable, and regard every interest as pro
tected only by a vigorous prosecution of the
war. Let every man of the army bo in camp and
'et '-very man not of thearmy producesomthing
to sustsin those in camp.
REVERSES OI'UIIT NOT TO DISCOURAGE US. —
There is nothing more preposterous than the
habit some of our people have fallen into of
looking for unvarying success in the vast field
ot operations where the contending hosts are
each striving to gain the a 1 vantage, ar and where
the tide of victory flows according to the rel
ative strategic skill and physical fosceof the
combatants. There never was a war among
• ivdized nations where success uniformly
•#—rwiitcd either /i.uty to the quarrel, no matter
how different may have been the moral status
of the belligerents in respect to ihe question at
issue. We should be p lent, and learn to
hear reverses as a matter of course in the gen
eral order of things.—Without an occasional
disaster our ai mies would grow less vigilant
and our people think less of the liberties and
rights for win h they are now fighting.
Away then, with timidity and unman.y fears
Let no one be whipped; but let all keep their
courage up until the storm shall have passed.
I he darker the night the brighter will seem the
morning when it does come ; and he who
stands firm now will suffer no reproach alter
the crisis passes.
Take Care of tub Hoys. —The City Counci
of Columbus are considering a hill to provide
for the arrest and proper treatment of disor
derly or neglected boys.
The subject is iorceu on the attention of all
observant citizens in every city, by the events
of the war, and the growing indications of dis
orderly and unregulated conduct of the rising
generation. “As the twig is bent the tree is
inclined,” is an eld saying, but hot more old
than true. A boy who is not properly at
tended to when young, is not very apt to be
come either a useful citizen or a respectable
member of society. Efficient measures should
be adopted by the proper authorities in every
locality to keep within proper bounds those
whose parents or guardians will not look after
hem themselves.
VOL, T.XXVIII. —NEW SERIES VOL, XXVIIL “0.1,
A Federal Review of What the Abolition
ists have Accomplished.— The Abolitionists
lately held jubilees in New York and Philadel
phia. The Tribune claims for them that they
elected Lincoln in 1860, and that * ‘posterity
will do them justice.” That paper, however,
is entirely too modest. The Abolitionists hat e
done a good deal more than elect the Gorilla,
and in the matter of doing them justice wo
will anticipate posterity a little, and copy the
following from the New York Herald.
In 1860. the-American Abolitionists, pure
and simple, nund-eicd about one hundred thou
sand poisons. In 1810, when they ran Mr.
P.iruev for President, the Abolitionists polled
seven thousand votes. Tu 18-14. with the same
candidate, they polled sixty two thousand votes,
n, .48 they iiuerminefefl with tin* Freesuil
. and ga»e Van Buren three hundred thou
sand voles. ’•'• >m that time forth the pure
Abolition vote i.- so nosed up with the Iree
soil \ ote aud the Republican Vote that we can
uot get at it with much accuracy. Still. «e
belie' e that one hundred thousand is air
.estimate olj the number <*f tt” . radical Abtt
*st>h and i'f'ittips, rmtr Van afla eff- .»»•,*
in the ert ii' ;>! Ihe Abolition work and in
the glory which now crowns the labor. In this
number we include a'l uch old women as Gree
ley, and such young women as Tilton.
What those one hundred thousand Aboli
tionists have accomplished may be stated in a
very few words. They have accomplished the
prcs-rit war. They have worked for it thirty
years, and hero it is. They have wrecked a
powerful, peaceful and happy country. They
have arrayed brother against brother, father
against soil, children against parents. They
have filled tiie land with widows and orphans.
They- have transformed the country into a vast
graveyard. They have shed an ocean of blood
and squandered mountains of money. They
have made the air heavy with tiie shrieks of
the wounded, the groans of the dying and (lie
lamentations of the mourners. They have de
vastated the fields and plantations of the South
and destroyed Hie commerce of the North.
They have given a check to tiie progress of
civilization and Democratic institutions from
which it will take years to recover. All this
they have accomplished in thirty years. One
hundred thousand fiends let loose from the low
est hell and inspired by the most infernal ma
lice could not have accomplished more mis
chief in tiie same space of time. If this lie
anything to rejoice over let the Abolitionists
rejoice. It they desire to raise a mounument
to perpetuate the remembrance of their tri
umphs, our battle fields will furnish them with
enough human skulls for a pyramid, and Wen
dell Phillips or Beecher would be ouly too hap
py to deliver the address at the laying ot the
corner skull.
During this abolition war at least one hun
dred thousand men have been killed, four hun
dred thousand have been disabled for life ;
thus half a million have been subjected to
death, wounds, and to sickness worse than
wounds, in the armies ot' both sides. What
amount of human mi. cry has occurred beyond
and behind the armies we shall not now in
quire. ’i he amount #f property destroyed dur
ing tiie war may be roughly estimated at five
hundred millions of dollars. The injury inflict
ed upon our commerce and carrying trade may
be stated at one hundred millions of dollars.
This is rather under the above mark; for Mil
flit asserts that he alone has destroyed eleven
millions of dollars worth of ships aud cargoes
and h'cmuies lias certainly destroyed much
more.
The war debt of the North and South amounts
to about live thousand millions of dollars. If
the war ends by the abolition of slavery we
shall have to keep a standing army of a hun
dred thousand men, and support two or three
millions of indigent negroes for several years.
But we will leave that-probability out of thef
account, and will also retrain from estimating!
the millions and billions of dollars which
now impeded industry of this, country would
L«»v. SjiiuJiKctt LaU not the -YHbllln :.!s. ‘ ":.!i
ed tliis war. !
We wish to confine ourselves to facts and
lues of indisputable authenticity. And whal
do these facts and figures show ? Estimating
the white population ot the United States in
18(10 at twenty-six millions —and this is within
a few hundreds of the official figures—we find
that tiie Abolitionists have been instrumental
in causing the death of one man out of two
hundred and sixty peoplo, aud the crippling or
otherwise disabling one man out of every fifty
two people. Also, that the Abolitionists have
caused the destruction of property valued at
six hundred millions of dollars, and a war ex
penditure of about five thousand millions. If
these are things to be proud of, let the Aboli
tionists hold a perpetual jubilee.
Taking the above statistics as a basis, a very
simple process of arithmetic will demonstrate
that each one of our one thousand Abolitionists
has caused the death of one man and the life
long disability of four men, and has cost the
country lorty six thousand dollars. What are
the cruelties and the expenses of slavery when
compared to this? It is very evident, however,
that the loss of life and limb and money dur
ing tuis war should not be so equally divided
among our one hundred thousand fanatics.
Individual Abolitionists have been move or
less guilty according to their opportunities and
their influence. Garrison, for example, should
have more than one dead man. four wounded
and crippled men, and fifty-six thousand dol
lars worth of destroyed property set down to
his account. Wendell Phillips is in the same
case, Greeley has probably caused the deatli'of
at least a thousand men, and the remainder ot
the injury which he has inflicted upon the na
tion a .and upon humanity must be increased in
proportion. The same reinaik will apply to
Beecher, Cheever, Tilton, and such prominent
Abolitionists. Sumner, Wilson, Chandler and
other Aboiition politicians have even a larger
share for which to answer.
This sad account will certainly have to be
settled some day—not in this.world, perhaps,
but certainly in the next. Then if the Aboli
tionists can find any food for gladness in these
facts, it will be when they enter Hades anddis
cover that tiie worst fiends receive them with
respect, and that Satan, Mephistopheles, Bel
zebub, Moloch and the other devils vacate theii
thrones to offer the new comers all the insignia
of pre-eminence in evil. The jubilec'injPhiladel
phia will be hothing in comparison to this
grand satauic reception.
Prison* Life at Point Lookout. —Robot t Crad
dock, late an orderly of tlic President, and af
terwards connected with the detective force in
Richmond, was a short time ago captured by
the Yankees on the Peninsula and taken to
Point Lookout, from which place he escaped
and arrived safely in Richmond a few days
since. Ho gives the following particulars of
prison life at Point Lookout :
The prisoners' camp, under charge of Capt.
Patterson, provost marshal, is surrounded by a
fence about fourteen feet high, with a platlorm
near the top, on the outside, on which the sen
tinels walk. The guard consists ot three regi
ments of infantry, the 2d, sth and 12th New
Hampshire, and a squadron of cavalry of the 2d
regulars.
The enclosure embraces about fifteen acres of
ground, and the prisoners are in tents. Three
thousand are in the small “A” tent- - , five to
each tent; the rest—say about o,ooo—are in
Wall and Sibley tents, from fourteen to twenty
in a tent. The tents are laid off in camp form,
100 men to a company, and ten companies to
a division. There are nine divisions.
On one side of the enclosure are the mess
houses, where 500 eat at one time, and each
house feeds 1500 men. The provisions consist of
one-quartej of a pound of damaged pork or beef
and ten small crackers—say three-quarters of a
pound—and a pint of wash, called by the Yan
kees coffee. Occasionally rice or Irish potatoes
are substituted for bread, and about once a
fortnight half a loaf of soft bread and one
spoonful of molasses. About twice a week they
get what they call bean soup in lieu of coffee
Each day a detail of five men from each compa
ny is made to go for wood, and as the guard
will not let them go beyond the creek, they
have to dig up stumps and roots in an open
piece of new ground, without an axe, unless
they steal one. With as much wood as would
las' comfortably for half an hour, they must
shiver over for four nights; and this is all the
wood allowed them. Many of the prisoners
have no blankets, and nothing but the cold
damp ground to sleep on About two weeks
j ago they had orders to appear in front of their
Quarters with knapsacks and blankets, they
were marched to the beach, and then passed m
review as fast as possible—about tour or live
abreast—by tiro provost marshal. About one
out ot every live who lmd no blanket, was told
to stand aside, and was given a blanket. They
presented a very woe begone look, and were
generally poorly clad and emaciated.
* l'lte hospital is laid off on two sides of a wide
street, and each ward lias two wall tents joined
at the'ends and holding fourteen beds. The
kitchen or mess tent is at the end of tin* street.
The sick are as well attended by the Oonfedei
ate surgeons and nurses'as the mean* given
them Mill permit, but there lias been weeks at
a time when they lmd no medicine on hand of
any kind. Three or four die daily in this lies
pital. When their cases seem hopeless they are
taken to Hie general hospital on tiie Point, out
side of the enclosure, and that is the la-s seen
id' them. For some time the dead were buried
without coffin or box, but thrown in a hole just
as they died. Tiie small |>.>v hospital is situa
ted on a creek outside of the main guard. The
average number of eases are item six to eight
per day, aud about half that numbet die. The
patients must be very strong to recover with
the treatment received, as they are in tents on
, « 'in' l on tiie bleak shore of tlifcPotouiac,
The guard shoot the men witfhffS hailing
them. On one occasion five of them luibed the
sentinel (o allow them to escape, and after let
ting them puss he called the guard, and two id
the men were shot after they surrendered. A
young man, named McLeary, was shot through
the head, exposing the brain, and then through
the body, by a man who was called an officer.
Another one of the men was shot down and
kicked about alter sum ndering. These men
were made to walk about hall'a mile in Unit
condition. This instance of brutality came
under the immediate observation of Mr. Crad
dock, who vouches for its truth.
This is the kind of treatment our brave sol
diers receive in the hands of the federals. Y'et
the Federal soldiers in out bunds are said to ba
fed better than our troops in the field. Such
things should be stopped at once.
Lord Brougham on America. —The following
is that portion of Lord Brougham’s address de
livered in Edinburgh, at the opening of the
Seventh Annual Meeting of the National Asso
ciation for (lie promotion of Social Science,
which relates to America :
But, whatever may have been the proximate
cause of the contest, its continuance is the re
sult of a national vanity without example and
without bounds. Persons subject to this fail
ing are despised, not hated : and it is an ordi
nary expression respecting him who is without
the weakness, that he is too proud to he vain.
But when a people are seized with it, they
change the name, and call it love of glory. —
Os the individual we often hear tlio remark
that, despicable as the weakness is, it leads to
no had actions. Nothing can be more false. —
It leads to many crimes, and to that disregard
of truth which is the root of all offenses. Cer
tainly, it produces none of the worst crimes ;
the man who is a prey to vanity thirsts not
for the blood of his neighbor, ilow fearfully
otherwise is it when a nation is its slave !
Magnifying itself beyond all measure and
despising the rest of mankind, blinded aud in
toxicated with self-satisfaction, persuaded that
their very crimes are proofs of greatness,
and believing that they are both admired and
envied, the Americans have not only been con
tent with destruction of half a million, but
vain of the slaughter. Their object being to
retain a great name among nations for their
extent of territory, they exulted in tiie whole
sale bloodshed by which it must be accomplish
ed, because others were unable lo make such a
sacrifice. Tire struggle of above two years,
which loosened all the bands that held soeiety
'. gether, and gave to millions Hie means of
jewing tlieir capacity, has produced no genius,
military; white Ihe submission to every
e of tyranny !".v:i universal and ha
i;:ij>h„"! by a singh- net
, ..; most nagianr mirn'-vLe
®£po!sonal freedom, 'the mischiefs of mol)
VPi'emacy have been constantly felt, lor the ca
lamity of rational and respectable men
keeping aloof from the management ot' af
fairs, has resulted in the tyranny of the multi
tude.
To this tyrant the nominal rulers liavo nev
er withheld tlieir submission, and the press,
catering for the appetites of the populace anil
pandering to their passions, has persisted in ev
ery misrepresentation which might most dis
guise the truth as to passing eveuts; exaggerat
ing each success, extenuating each defeat, and
often describing failure as victory ; while the
multitude, if the truth by chance reached
them, were one day sunk in despair, another
elated to an ecstacy, almost at the pleasure of
their rulers and tlieir guides. Nor were the
falsehoods thus propagated confined to the
events of the war : they extended to all tilings
—to tiie measures of the Government and the
acts of foreign nations. The public feeling
must not be tiiwai ted ; the people desired to
hear whatever gratified their vanity or raised
their spirits, and in this delusion must they
live as long as the war lasts and the rule i., ’in
the hands of the mob. The tmth they will
never hear, because they desire to hear what is
pleasing, and not what is true. But it would
be a great mistake to charge on their false
guides the follies and the crimes which they
chime in with and do tlieir best to perpetuate.
The people are determined in their course.
Far from feeling shame at the cruel scenes
which modern ages, nay, which Oliristain times
have seen nothing equal—a spectacle at which
the whole world stands aghast, almost to in
credulity-they actually glory in it as a proof
of their higher nature, believe themselves to lie
the envy as the flower of mankind and fancy
that their prowess would triumph over the
most powerful Slates of Europe. In sac'a illu
sions their chiefs may not practically join, but
the people are, beyond doubt, a prey to them,
and will continue so to the end.
“Hear the just law, the judgment of the
skies:
They that hate truth shall he the dupes of
lies ;
And if they will he cheated lo the last,
Delusions strong as hell shall hind them
fast.”
The feeling towards England which prevails
among the Americau people, though arising
from the national vanity, and its kindred envy,
is certainly in part the remains of the old quar
rel that led to the separation. Wo are hated
and despised. Neither feeling is at all recipro
cal, but among our kinsfolk it pievails in a de
gree almost amounting to mental alienation.
Grant’s Programme for the String Cam
t’aion.—The New York Sunday Mercury pub
lishes the following as Gen. Grant’s programme
for the spring campaign, by which the conquest
and subjugation of the Southern States is to be
completed. It will be read with interest:
We learn by private advices from Washing
ton, that Gen. Grant has laid anew plan of
campaign before the President and Gen. llal
leck. which is now being discussed in military
circles. According to this programme, as it
has leaked out, the armies of the hast and W est
are to go into winter quarters and recuperate
for the coming spring campaigu, which lien.
Grant promises will result, if his scheme is
carried out. in the restoration ot theLmon be
fore the next fourth of July.
The main feature of his plan is, the concen
tration of an army of three hundred thousand
men in K .stern Tennessee and Noithern Geitf
<ria during the winter. He thinks that all tffe
recruits that will be required to till up our ar
mies as full as the necessities ol the service will
require, will l.e two hundred thousand men.
These, with such men in the field whose terms
of service will not have expired, will swell our
armies to about live hundred thousand men.
Os these lie wishes three hundred thousand un
der ills own command, on a line stretching
from Chattanooga through Knoxville, as tar
east as Abingdon in Southwestern V lrginia.
By the middle of the coming April, when spring
has fairly advanced, he proposes to march two
armies info the Southern States. One would
strike Atlanta, and then across the country to
the rear of Charleston. The other would to
low the line of the Virginia & Tennessee Rail
load, and would attack Richmond from the
siuthwest, capturing Lynchburg, tlic gri.i
base of Confederate supplies, on his maren.
Each of these two great armies would he lUH.-
000 men stiong, with supports embracing tin
other 100,000 in case of disaster to either wing
of the great army of the ceritial region.
Gen Grant argues that the overland route
from Washington is not the true military route
to Richmond, but that an approach from East
ern Tennessee, along theJinc of the Virginia
Railroad would attack the Confederates from a
side on which they are exceedingly vulnerable.
He would be enabled to cut oft their supplies
fromftiie South, and force Richmond to surren
der, if for no other reason, because of its ina
bility to obtain supplies to feed a great aruiv.
The only force lett in the front of Washing*
ton would be merely a corps of observation
and,l)l protection to the Capital. By the com
iug spring an immense amount of supplies can
bo concentrated at Knoxville and Chattanooga.
Not only will the Louisville, Nashvill-v and
Chattanooga Railroad be kept fully employed,
but the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers will
also lie pressed into the service, and pour down
provisions and munitions-'to meet all the n»-
qiremen.ts of the army dm iug the coming spring
campaign.
Several new railroads are now building,
which will alviaidveiy much in the odcupa
lion of that region. V new road is being built
from Nashville to a point on the Teuuossee
ltiver, where there is always nine feqi o! water.
Another road is building from Nicb.olasviile,
Kentucky, through O.imlairland to Knoxville,
Hast Tennessee This will also htlp to tnlly
,u V j bat not id
The reason why Tennessee iris iiiil been oeeu
piod before is. because there is no great river
or railroad running directly South from the
mountains. With the Nicbolaovilie an,’. Knox
ville Railroad completed, this desideratum will
be supplied. This scheme of General Grant’s is
already received with high favor in Washing
ton, and it is not improbable that it will bo
the one adopted for the coming spring cam
paign. General Ilnlleek showed opposition to
it . but. it is believe t the President will overrule
his objections. In the meantime, you may rest
assured that the aimiesof the East and West
will go into winter quarters, unless the Confe
derates, whose position is certainly desperate,,
will force them into action.
The winter months will be employed by Gen.
Grant in opening the various raiiroad lines, in
arranging for regular trafiie on the Cumber
land and Tennessee Rivers, in tilliDg up tha
ranks of his army, and in accumulating an im
mense store of supplies at Knoxville and Chat
tanooga. His campaign will end with tne full
occupation of Eastern Tennessee, up to, and
perhaps beyond Abingdon in South-western
Virginia. He will also extend his lines inta
the mountains of North Carolina, among tha
loyal population of which State he expects to.
recruit ten or iiftccn thousand good Union sol
soldiers.
The only activity during the coming winter
will be in Gen. Ranks’department.' Rut then
ho is not expected to occupy more than tha
Texan coast and the line of the Rio Grande.—
There will be no marching into the interior of
Texas during the coming winter. Nor would
it be safe topcrill the army in those wilds till
after the rainy' season is over. ~v „
By the time Gen. Grant has carried out thin
programme a great many “Fourth of Julys’*
will have come and gone, lie will not find it.
quite so easy a task to walk over the South, as
he imagines. If our people and rulers are only
true to themselves, the enemy cannot lulvanca
farther into our country. It is our fault that
matters are just as they are. If we only will
profit by the past, all our losses and defeat*
can be retrieved. With Gen. Lee in Virginia,
Beauregard at Charleston, Johnston in North
Georgia, our able guerilla commanders in North
Mississippi and elsewhere, and Magruder in
Texas, Grant will find that be will have all b«
can attend to without occupying any more Con
federate territory. Perhaps before the spring'
campaign is over lie will find the Federal troops
occupying much less of if than, they now do.
Retort of the Postmaster General.—The
following statistics and information is gathered
from the report of the Postmaster General:
—• .»-) TANARUS, f _
, ,r“"“ i “-» — •■•■•eiuV"- '.ie us
ual year ending June JO, 1863, weu largely ia
excess of the’ expenditures—the . venues
amounting to $:5,837,853 01, and the expendi
tures to $2,CC2,801 57, leaving a Inlaucu ti.
favor of the Department of $075,44.
Os the many topics discussed in the docu
ment, we select and present to our readers tha
following abstracts of such as arc of most gen
eral interest:
The personnel or the Ilepar'ment consists of
the Postmaster-General, Chiefs of Bureaus,
and subordinate clerks and messetigers in
Richmond, <i2; Postmasters, 6,141; Special
Agents, 10; Route Agents, 87; Mail Contrac
tors, 1252; in all 7653, to which are to ba
added the assistants ami clerks in the larger
postoffices, hi all appointments ot clerks,
route agents and postmasters, during the past
and present fiscal years, they have been lim
ited to persons exempt from military duty by
being over age, or on account of having been
disabled by wounds, or from other causes. In
a number of cases in the smaller offices, fe
males have been appointed, and they havo
been generally found faithful and efficient in
the discharge of their duties.
The number of lineal miles, length of routes,
miles ot actual transportation annually, ami
the cost thereof, contracted for during the past
year, with the cost of railroad service per an -
num in each State, is as follows:
Lineal miles. Actual Trans, (ml. Rail Rond*
Va. 7052 1,387,646 $98,837 157,06a
N. C. 7020 1,181.440 96,135 77864
S. C. 3787 593,084 49,939 130.327"
Ga. 3339 956,476 78,882 100,475
Florida 1735 297,544 29,652 27,777"
Total 23,459 4,416,740 362.466 560,1
The cost of transportation in the other State*
of the Confederacy, contacted for during tha
previous year, was $800,891 ; and the service
on Hail Roads to $141,602, making the tot; (.
cost of tvansportatisn of the mails, per annum,
$2,158,065.
The number and denomination of postage
stamps supplied to Postmasters during tha
year ending June 30, 1862, was 557,200 two
cent stamps; 57,953,977 five cent; 10,417,700
ten cent, and 95,100 twenty cent, amounting
iu value to 2.969 632,85; of these, 2,392,333
were sold, of which $1,857,793 were used in
pre payment of postage and cancelled, leav
ing a balance afloat, and principally employed
as currency, $534,534.
The number of dead letters returned to tha
Dead Letter Office during the year was 518,327
of these 2402 contained money, amounting ta
$29,058, and 1315 contained drafts, checks,
bills of exchange, Ac., amounting to $091,567,
The large number of 31,395 letters for trans
mission through the mails and 11,816 drop
letters, tlmt lo for uGUny lYom the office ah
which they are deposited, making in all 43,21 L
letters, which were sent to the Dead Letter
Office because the postage was not pro-paid on
them as required by law, w ill serve to show
how many persons were in that way disappoin
ted by the non-delivery of these letters, and.
may have attributed their disappointment t«
the defective organisation or management of
the postal service, when it was attributable ta
a failure, on the part of those sending them,
hi comply with the requirements of the law, by
pre-paying the postage on their letters. Only
those letters containing money and valuables
aresent back (or delivery to their owners, this
others are destroyed.
The New York Herald, of a late date, con
tains several columns of the great “ Laboc
Movement” in that city, beingreports of meet
ings of sewing girls, dry goods clerks, ship
caipenters, omnibus drivers, segar makers, tail
ors, turners, tin workers, and, in faet, every
branch of trade, who, starving on the pittance
given by their employers, have struck lor high
er wages. A similar movement has also been
made in Boston. This shows that the North is.
evidently letting down, and another winter
must reduce them to litter starvation, and long
before that, their green buck currency must
hurst up, when i iots wilt commence, and the
pillage and sacking of the houses of the rich
follow of necessity. Our people have only ta
make up their minds to brave all for another
year, and stand firmly up to our country’s cause,
as they have they will see the fall of
the Lincoln abolition dynasty.
The Noi thern papers have jubilant editorials
over a recent speech delivered by Mr. I- note, in
Congress, in opposition to the Administration.
A summary of the speech was telegraphed
Noith from the Richmond papers containing it
received at Fortress Monroe,