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if!js tPccfelg 010 SERIES—VOL. ICII NEW SERIES—VOL. U. Chronicle and Sentinel. AND ®je Constitutionalist WEDNESDAY, APRIL - 11. 1877. PAY YOUK WHSCBIPTIO.K. Ws request oar readers to respond promptly to the bills which are sent them (or subscription accounts due this office. Let each subscriber who is in arrears bear in mind that there are many others also in arrears, and that while the amount due by each individual is small the aggregate amounts to a large sum. We hope our friends will respond promptly. The official returns from the New Hampshire eleetien show a Democratic gain of 950. Hknby Wattbbson says he has no in fluence with this Administration, but when he becomes President he will make women postmasters. Pinghback’s brother-in-law, who re cently deserted the Packard Legisla ture, declares that Kellogg bought his Benatorsbip at $2 50 a head. Tilton made $30,000 lecturing last year. Beeuheb netted $15,000. Wr have not heard what poor Elizabeth’s share was. Probably nothing. Home of the Republican organs are getting a little snappish over their Southern brethren. But the Chicago Tribune still keeps conservative, and that is something very hopeful. L. Q. Washington writes to the Cou rier-Journal as follows : “I believe Mr. Hayes thinks he knows what he is going to do. But he does not know, and in my opinion no one knows except the Al mighty.” The Liberians want the United States to pay their debt, some $330,000, which was borrowed in England, A mortgage upon the African Republic is the only guarantee of reimbursement. The Bridgeport Farmer says the rea son why Hayes wants Wheeler to at tend Cabinet meetings is because with out him be would have only seven ad visers and he naturally prefers “eight to seven.” We see it stated that Mr. Lamab, ■during his sickness, wrote a private let ter to the President on the political situation in the South. It was dignified but caustic. After reading it the Presi dent remarked that he feared he had alienated Mr. Lamab from him. The scrip of Massachusetts commands a higher prioe abroad than that of New York. One of the Rothschilds explains it thus : “You in Massachusetts under stand interest better. You allow C per oent. which is as high a rate as a people can pay and thrive. New York allows 7 percent, and we will not trust them so soo.' T < n One hopeful thing about the Louis iana Coi amission is that the carpet-bag Senators abuse it. They claim that it has been pa ••i.ad against Packard ; that MoVeauh, Haw/** aud Harlan never favoied (south ern /tepublicana, and that these men have been selected from the Republican side in o.’^ er *° ma ke the case stronger against Pac karu> Tbo Railway Age esti mates that SIB,OOO, 000, or 38. per cent, of .‘'hecapital invested iu American roads, isun,' ,ro ® no ’ tive to investors. In 1876, of 691 ra *l roads only 165 paid dividends, am 1 °* these 103 paid small ones. The i 6*3 roads paid $15,000,000, or less than fou. T per oent on the stock. And several of these paying roads are now iu the hands of reoeivers. The number of hogs packed in the West during the seasouending March 1, 1877, is 5,072,339, an increase over last season of 192,204 head. The aggregate amount cf lard is 539,448 tierces of 320 pounds each. The average cost of hogs has been $7.18 per 100 pounds, a de crease of $1.75. Total mess pork, 488,- 769 barrels, an increase over last year of 91,445. Rhode Island has an election on Wednesday for Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Attorney- General and Treasurer. The Republi cans and Prohibitionists have formed a coalition. Last year the vote for Gov ernor was : Democrats, 3,599 ; Repub licans, 8,689 ; Prohibition, 6,733. The Legislature consequently elected the whole ticket, exoept the Secretary. Aooordino to the Ootirier-Jow nal, the physioians of Alexander H. .Ste phens say that be will never leave his room alive. Mr. Stephens’ latest inter view was with Senator Gordon, and be emphatically declared that what tLe South most needed is home rule, entire deliverance from the carpet-baggers and the withdrawal of the troops at cnce. The old statesman is certainly of sound mind as yet. A few days age we showed how the princely estate of James B. Taylor had been eaten up by litigation. The same fate, it is predicted, awaits the estate of Miss Dancer, daughter of a rich gamb ler, who left $350,000 in charity. It was supposed, at the time of her death, that she had no relations. But an node has turned up, the legal fraternity are in full blast, and by the time the quarrel is over all that is left of Miss Danger’s money would not buy shoes for a doll. Somebody has started again the report that General Lee surrendered his swobd to General Grant. Bat it is on record that Lex himself when asked if Grant got his sword emphatically replied: “jVo, sir; he did not. He had no op portunity of doing so. 1 was determined that the side arms of officers should be exempt by the terms of the surrender , and of course J did not offer him mire -. All that was said about the sirords u*as that General Grant apologised to t ne for not wearing his own sword, sat, ring that it had gone off in his baggage, and he had been unable to get it in tim s.” Simon Cameron thns illustrat.se his idea of ciTil service reform: “I have a colored servant at home who has been with me along time. He gots drank and behaves badly, takes m y key and steals my best wines and li qnors, and yet I keep that scamp. I h ate to torn him away, because I pity hir a. I have a gardener who has been wit a me twenty years, and gets as drank as a 'boiled owl’ whenever he has a ch ir oe, and acts scandalously, but I keep h im. I can’t bear to part with the old fellow. He has a family. I have anot her man, a coachman, who gets off on a spree and raises the very devil; and h e is a hum bug any way, but I have had him so many years I couldn’t count t hem on the ends of my fingers. No, Id on’t believe in turning any man off as 1 ong as yon can get along with him. Wt ten I was a printer I never discharged a printer. When I was in the railroad 1 msineas, or at manufacturing, or presides t of a bank, I never discharged anybod] • except for something awful.” THE MOUTH AND THE PRESIDENT. We continue this morning the publi cation of letters from prominent South ern men on the duty of the South to President Hayes— whether Southerners should accept or seek office from the Administration, etc. Senator Shew make does not think Democrats should apply for office, because an application would imply an obligation to the Presi dent that would be inconsistent with duty to the Democracy or with the pub lio good. If office be tendered, how ever, the Senator expresses the opinion that it can be accepted with perfect pro priety, especially if the position be of such a character that the occupant can act independently of the President. Judge Aldrich, of Barnwell, South Carolina, thinks that the highest evi dence the President could give of the sincerity of his purpose to carry out the spirit of his letter of acceptance and in augural address would be the appoint ment to office of Southern men of char acter and patriotism. One of the corses of the South since the war has been the incompetency and corruption of Fed eral officials, and it is important that a change should be made. Mr. Hayes’ vacillating course with regard to South ern affairs, however, has caused Judge Aldrich to doubt whether any good and approved Southern men need ap ply to him for office. Judge Augustus R. Wbioht, of Rome, furnishes a characteristic reply to our inquiry. He goes back to the Presi dential campaign of 1876 and expresses his dissatisfaction with the nomination of Tilden and the adoption of the St. Louis platform. Judge Wright thinks the Democracy made a sacrifice of prin ciple when they threw Governor Allen and soft money overboard and intimates that they deserved defeat. He declares there are no longer parties in this coun try divided on principle; that we have only factions struggling for spoils. The Judge will not discuss anything but his favorite theme of soft money. He likes the personal character of the President; Mr. Hayes has always been faithful to his trusts, but Judge Wright “has no hope of him on the currency question.” According to his idea soft money and plenty of it will furnish a panacea for all our diseases, political and financial. The “bloated bondholders” are driving the industrial olasses to pauperism and ruining the country. Governor Vance, of North Carolina, writes briefly bat forcibly. In every thing exoept the mere forms of law he regards President Hayes as a usurper; in maintaining armed intervention in sovereign States—States declared sover eign by the Commission which made him President—he is flagrantly defying the Constitution of his oountry. While he keeps Federal soldiers in the State Houses of South Carolina and Louisi ana he is guilty of “cruoifying the Con stitution” and those who hold offioe, un der him of political significance “are holding his garments whilst Liberty is bavonetted to death.” He does not be lieve that Sonthern men can do the South any good by supporting the new Administration, and declares that “the plea of uniting with evil-doers for the purpose of controlling them is as con temptible as it is stale.” Governor Vanoe thinks it is the duty of the De mocracy North and South to wage open war against President Hayes, and of the House of Representatives to withold all appropriations for the support of the army until guarantees are given that it shall not be employed to interfere with State governments. He sees no objec tion to Democrats filling positions to whioh no political significance is at tached, except that a sense of obligation to the appointing power might “weaken the blows whioh an honest man should always be ready to strike the enemies of his country’s honor and welfare.” 'OI.. HOB. IMUGRSOLI.. Col. Bob. Ingersoll is delivering a characteristic lecture in many parts of the v'Jnion. It is full of wit and con ciliation. The Chicago Tribune requests every paper in the South to copy the peroration, and adds that if it awakens no response, then indeed may we despair cf ever living together as one people. Here is the peroration: “The Presi dent,” he said, “has offered you this olive branch. Accept it. Accept it. And, by the memory of all who died for aaught, by the ashes of your statesmen dead, for the sake of your sons and daughters and their fair children, I beg, I implore you, to accept it with loyal and with loving hearts. It will clothe yonr wasted fields. It will fill your coffers with gold. It will educate your chil dren. It will fill the sails of your com merce. It will fill with light the hut of the freedmap. It will clothe the weak in more than a coat of mail; wrap the poor and lowly in measureless content. Take it, and the roses of joy will olimb an> A clamber over the broken cannon of W ar. Take it; it will unite our nation; it will .uake us brothers once again. Take it; the negro will wipe from the tablet o** memory the strokes and sears of two years, and blur with happy tea.”® the record of his wrongs. Take it; the North will for give if the South will forget. Take it; and justice will sit in yi_' ur Courts once more under the wide outsp Tea( f wings of peace. Take it; and the bra.' llß Bn d lips of the future will be free. Tah ® it; and the destiny of the great Republic will be assured. Take it; it will bud and blos sem in your hands, filling your land, and filling your homes with fragranoe and with joy. Take it; and we will have passed midnight in the history of our country, and the star of hope will hr .raid again the rising sun.” The people of the South, it seems to us, have been willing, and ere still will ing, to “take it” when it oomee in a tan gible, and not a questionable, shape. The “olive branch” that Grant offered was a cypress bongh. If Mr. Hayes should tender us a genuine peace-offer ing, it would be accepted eagerly and thankfully. After taking it, we hope all the splendid things promised by Col. Ikgrrsoll will come to pass. So harry up that olive branch. HAYKS AND THE SOUTH. We print this morning a letter on the duty of the South to the new Adminis tration from the pen of General M. W. Gary, of Edgefield Court Honse, South Carolina, one of the leaden of the Pal metto State Democracy. General Gary is pronounced i u the opinion that South ern men should .not accept office under President Hayes. He says that Hayes was clearly defeated for the Presidency by the popular and the electoral vote, and that he was declared elected by a fraud conceived by the Republicans and rendered successful by the stupidity and cowardice of the Democracy. The Democrats were too timiJ to demand their constitutional rights, and the enemy took advantage of their lack of nerve to make a minority candidate President of the United States. Be lieving Haybs to be simply a •carper, General Gary doee not think tfesk any Southern man shonld accept offioe at his hands, upon the principle that the re ceiver of stolen goods is as bad as the thief. Hon. John L. Vance, of Gallipolis, is strongly pressed for the Democratic nomination for Governor of Ohio. HAVES AND THE SOUTH. We publish in the Chronicle and Constitutionalist thia morning a let ter from Judge Jambs 8. Hook, of this city, on the duty of the South to the new Administration. \t e know that the communication will com mand the attention of our readers. Judge Hook regards the President as a good man and a conservative man, who has evinced an intention to offer the olive branch to the South. He thinks that the South should accept it—should meet the President half way. He is confident that Hayes will sustain him self against the bloody shirt wing of his party and that self government will be secured to the people of Louisiana and South Carolina. He sees no reason why Southern men should not accept office from the Administration and do their whole duty in them. EMIGRATION FROM GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. The Chief of the Bureau of Statistics furnishes the following table (oompiled from the official report of the British Board of Trade), showing the emigra tion from the United Kingdom to the United States, British North America and Australasia, respectively, daring the years 1874, 1875 and 1876 : Destination. 1874. * 1875. 1876. United Ktates 148,161 105.046 75.533 British North America.. 25.450 17.378 12 327 Australasia 53,958 35,525 33,191 The total numberjof persons who emi grated from the United Kingdom to the United States from 1815 to 1876 was 5,467,075. The amount of money re mitted by settlers in the United States and British North America to their friends in the United Kingdom from 1848 to 1876, inclusive, was £19,685,068; the greatest amount in any one year being £1,730,000 in 1854. SOUTH CAROLINA. In his last letter to the President, Mr. Chamberlain thus concludes: To summarize the results which will follow the withdrawal of the troops from the State House, I say, first, it will remove the protec tion absolutely necessary to enable the Re" publicans to assert and enforce their claim to the government of the State ; second, it will enable the Democrats to remove all effective opposition to the illegal military forces under the control of my opponent; third, it will place all of the agencies for maintaining the present lawful government of the State in the hands of the Democrats through the admission it will require; fourth, it will lead to the quick con summation of a political outrage, against which 1 have felt, and now feel, it to be my duty to struggle and protest, as the faintest hope of success can be seen. In spite of all this raven-like croaking, the President has ordered the removal of the troops. Mr. Hayes either did not believe in the dismal forebodings of Chamberlain or else he was prepared for the consequences that must fffeces sarily ensue. The pressure for the re moval of the troops from the South Carolina State Honse did not come sole ly from the South, but largely from the North. The support of oarpet-bag gov ernments by the bayonet does not pay, and the merchants of the North know it. They have stood the ordeal to their pookets as long as possible and oan stand it no longer. This pressure will operate against Packard and in favor of Nioholls. The Republican West has not made muoh money of late years ont of Louisiana, and tbeproepeot would be still blacker with four moreyears of bar barism and robbery. No doubt, too, the President has come to the wise conclusion that a Re publican State administration whioh re quires an army of regu ars to support it, in a rickety fashion at best, is not worth maintaining any longer, especially in view of the popular vote oast for his Democratic competitor by the white men of this oountry. Mr. Chamberlain may think Wade Hampton’s administration a “political outrage,’’ but in this he is not joined by anybody but fanatics like Wendell Phillips and adventurers like himself. The overwhelming opinion of the peo ple of this oountry is against him, as it has been recorded against Grantism, and the President need never fear so long as he permits “outrages” like those of Chamberlain and Packard to perish from the earth, sunk beneath the weight of their own rottenness. THE ORIGINAL RETURNING HOARDER. A Yankee bearing the name of John C. Calhoun, the middle “0.” being ohaDged into “Candlebox” to distin guish him from the illustrious Caroli nian. was the original inventor of Re turning Board and ballot box frands in the United States. He practioed in Kansas more than twenty years ago, and his method has hardly been improved upon of late years. In making Gover nors and Legislatures the notable Can dlebox thus proceeded : first. Calhoun metamorphosed himself into a registry office, a ballot box inspector and a returning board; three offioeH and three officers rolled into one. Amid such a shower of digni ties the identity of the man Calhoun mast have been completely lost to the astonished voters of those days. Second. To complete his registry of Kansas he copied into it the Cincinnati city Directory, and eo obtained his supplies for voting names. Third. When election day came and went he declared the result Itefore counting the votes. Just so the New Orleans Kellogg did when he elected himself Governor of Louisiana with out votes, and who now has made our Presi dent so-called. Fourth. The ballots themselves Calhoun stored away ;in a candle bcx. Then he hid that box itself securely away in a neighboring wood pile, possibly to have it convenient if wanted. Fifth. Calhoun performed his election tricks without ordering the United States army to prop his fraudulently manufac tured government. Possibly he disapproved the morality of an education of United States soldiers in a school where is taught election frands and violence This he left for later ad ministrations in Washington to workout. Cal houn was a political sly-boots. Pis imitators are sad blunderers, from Chaxdleb down wards. CONNECTICUT AND .HARRIED WOMEN Connecticut has passed anew law in relation to the property of married wo men In all marriages hereafter contract ed, neither husband or wife shall acquire any right to or interest in any property of the other, whether held before the marriage or acquired after the marriage, except as provided in this law. The separate earnings of the wife Bhall be her sole property. She shall have the same right to make contracts with third persons as if she were not married, and to convey her real and personal estate. Her property is liable for her debts and not for his ; his is not liable for her debts, except those contracted for the support of the family. Purchases made by either party shall be presumed to be on the private account of the party, but both shall be liable where any article purchased by either shall have in part gone to the support of the family, or for the joint benefit of both, or for the rea sonable apparel of the wife, or for her reasonable support while abandoned by her husband. It shall, however, be the duty of the hnsb&nd to support his family, and his property when found shall be first applied to satisfy any such joint liability. The wife ehall be en titled to indemnity for any money of her own used to pay snch claims. On the death of either, the survivor shall be en tied to the use for life of one-third the estate of the deceased, which right can not be defeated by wiiL If the de AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL 11, 1577. ! ceased leaves no children or representa tive*-of children, the survivor is entitled to one-half instead of one-third. When either party gives a legacy to the other the latter may choose between its rights under the will, and those under the statute. Abandonment without oause may defeat this provision, and a mar riage contract may superoede it entirely. Parties already married may contract to surrender their present rights for those secured by this statute, such contracts to be recorded in the Probate Court. It is supposed that Chamberlain will get some fat office. The St. Louis Republican still main tains that the Demooratio majority in the next House will be at least 11 and at most 17. On the Demooratic ticked for the Cincinnati municipal election, out of 71 candidates, 48 are Irishmen and 13 Ger mans. Col. Bob Inoersoll does not agree with Wendell Phillips now. A Com mission must be appointed to settle the matter. Gen. Hawley is quoted as publicly favoring the withdrawal of troops from Louisiana and letting the people take oare of themselves. The two prominent daily newspapers of Wilmington, Delaware—the Commer cial and Every Evening —have jnatbeen consolidated. Next! The New York Times admits that the South Carolina problem han not been solved as it desired. This is tantamount to the declaration that is has been solved as the people of this country desired. The Boston Advertiser says Wendell Phillips has “missed the mark many times in his life, but never more signal ly than when he attempted to talk down the character and life of Judge Devens.” Col. McClure, of the Philadelphia Times , telegraphs to hispapnr that “the hesitating policy of the Presi dent on the Southern question has settlad the next Honse as Demooratio.” Well, we need not quarrel with him about that. The Republican party still represents the idea of Nationalism or Centralism in government. The Demooratio party represents Federalism or local self- gov ernment. Upon these principles there will be a great struggle for years to come. When Congress meets, if there is any Orantism left in the Republican party, it will be developed. Buell predicts that Blaine will beoome the greatest of Conservatives. Will Morton wave the bloody shirt ? The firm and uncompromising atti tude of Governor Hampton has embold ened the Louisiana Democrats. The determination down at New Orleans is to have Nioholls or the military. We dare say they will have Nioholls and get rid of the military. In New Jersey State legislators are now paid SSOO per session and no mile age. Result: Adjournment a month earlier than usual. In New York, the pay of legislators has been inoreased from S3OO a year to $1,500. Result: Long sessions and bad legislation. Wr publish this morning a oard from Mr. H. W. Grady, denying, in em phatic language, the statement made in a letter from Atlanta to the Chronicle and Constitutionalist, that he favors the independent movement in Georgia, and expects to oondnot a paper in its interest. The Democratic part j is still in a very healthy condition. Twenty-three States have Democratic Governors. The Honse is Democratic by a fair majority. The Senate is close and will be Democratic two years hence. A majority of more than a million of white men vote the Democratic ticket. The President holds his office by Demooratio tolera tion. There is nothing discouraging in this. The Nashville American takes no stook in the Presidential quo warranto oase. It thinks the time for Mr. Tilden to have asserted his rights and shown the disposition to maintain them was be fore the Electoral Commission was es tablished. The Democracy of the oountry demanded as their leader a hero and a statesman and not a mere manager of law snitg. Many of the employees of the Balti more and Ohio Railroad Company have been discharged. The competition of rival roads and low rates of freight ate given as causes for retrenchment. This aotion is said to have created great dis tress among the families of working men, as there is now no organization among them, and they have earned so little recently that nothing has been saved. V 1 According to Washington gossip, the President and Gov. Hampton were very much pleased with one another. Mr. Hayes is reported to have said that if all the Southern leaders we e like him there would be very little trouble in set tling Southern affairs. Hampton is quo ted as saying :■ “I not only regard him as a good and benevolent man and a Christian, bnt I look upon Mr. Hayxs as a truly great man.” Business seems to be reviving in New York. The advertising columns of a first class daily newspaper famish a very good business barometer. When busi ness is dull advertising is dull; when business is brisk advertising is brisk. The Herald, of last Sunday, contained sixty-fonr columns of solid advertise ments—more than that journal had in the Winter, when trade, usually, is better than at any other period of the year. The Legislature of Missouri has passed a bill which provides that when personal property is sold by lease, so as to give possession to the pnrohaser bnt leave the title in the seller, the property to be paid for by installments, the seller shall not have a right to reclaim and re take the property, nnless he refunds the amonnt paid on it, with the exception of enough, not exceeding one-fourtb, to compensate for the use of the property. It is intended to regulate the trade in sewing maehices and instruments that are sold largely by leases and paid for in installments. A Washington correspondent of the New York Atm records a graceful act of Secretary Thompson. At the Naval Academy three cadets were tried for ly ing, and sentenced to dismissal, but Secretary Thompson, on reoeiving the papers, wrote;a fatherly letter to them, enlarging on the wickedness of lies in general and these lies in particular, but rescinding the sentence on promise of good behavior, as he did not wish his first official act in regard to the Academy to be an expulsion. Not long ago a number of cadets were charged with petit larceny. In old times, when “plan tation manners” prevailed, lying and stealing were unheard of at the Naval Academy. Apparently, the new Nation ha* not improved on the old Republic. HAYES ANDJTHE SOUTH. HOW THE SOUTH SHOULD TREAT THE ADMINISTRATION. The Views of Senator Stcwuke, Judge Al drich, Judge Wright end Gerernor Tun. Letter from Senator Shewmahe. Augusta, Ga., Maroh 29tb, 1877. Editors Chronicle and Constitutionalist : Dear Sirs— Yours received of Maroh, in print, inquiring whether Southern Democrats should apply for or take offioe under President Hayes, in view of his inauguration and the policy which it is said he will pursue towards the South. 1 think Southern Democrats ought not to apply for offioe under the oironm stanees; an application implies an obli gation to some extent to perform the duties in a manner pleasing to the giver generally, and suoh perfomnance under President Hayes may 4>t be consis tent with the interests t>f Democracy or the public good here. If au office be tendered without so licitation, I think a Southern Democrat may take it with propriety; especially if that offioe be of suoh a character as to allow the holder to sot independently of the President in the discharge of its du ties. I remember a few- eases under Governor Bollock, where similar ques tions arose, and it then appeared to me that Democrats who were offered offices, without solicitation, to the pub lic to accept them, and hold them for the public good. Most respectfully, John T. Shewmakk. Letter from Judge Aldrich. Barnwell, S. 0., March 27, 1877. Editors Chronicle and Constitutionalist: In reply to your Dote asking “whether Southern men should apply for or take officer under President Hayes ?” I beg leave to say that some weeks ago I addressed a note to Senator Hill, of your State, in which I expressed my conviotion that the highest evidence whioh Mr. Hayes could give of the sincerity of his purpose to carry out the policy of his letter of acceptance and in augural addreso, would be the appoint ment of trne Sonthern men of character and approved patriotism to office. This note to Mr. Hill was inspired by some striotures that I saw in a Sonthern Dem ocratic paper, criticising, unfavorably; the suggestion that he would be asked to take a seat iu the Cabinet of the President elect. Of course, lam not now, and never was, in favor of the scramble for office, that has disgraced American politics for the last fifteen or twenty years, but I see no reason why the names of good men should not be presented to the President and their claims to offioe urged. The greatest suffering that the South has endured since the war has been inflicted by the unscrupulous political adventurers who have flocked down-here in search of office and have, generally, stolen every dollar they could lay their hands on. This was my deliberate judgment a few weeks aero, before Mr. Hayes ap pointed his Cabinet, bat since I have seen his vacillating policy in regard to Louisiana and South Carolina, I am very doubtful if any good and approved Southern man need apply for office, or if he does, that his application will re ceive consideration. Very truly your obedient servant, •A. P. Aldbioh. Letter from Judge Wright. Rome, Ga., March 27. 1877. Editors Chronicle and Constitutionalist: My Dear Sirs— Yours rnak-Dg inquiry duly received. Though still runniDg the Democracy, I am pretty much with out a party, oountrv or hopes; I still have faith in God. The contest in Ohio, under Allen’s candididaoy for Governor, I regarded as the suhlimest, perhaps the last struggle of freedom for the rights of her people. The currency is the only question of the American people for life and liberty. We were beaten io Ohio on the Catholic question. (Oh, how unfortunate !) We gave the occa sion to the bondholders to nominate the candidates of both parties. We were beaten. We ought to have been. The desertion of principle involves, or ought to, defeat. 1 don’t like Tildeu; never did. He is a large bondholder, and runs several of the United States banks. He is without a wife at 65, without ohil dren, and, therefore, without human sympathies and interests. I am glad be is not President. I had no hope for the great industrial olasses iu him. If we bad stuck to principle and run Al len or Hendricks on the currency, I be lieve to-day we should have been victo rious. I went for Tilden because he was the nominee of my party. In acknowl edging that lam not sure, Ido not ac knowledge myself unworthy of publio confidence. We are uo louger parties divided on principle. We have degen erated into factions struggling for spoils. I like the personal character of Presi dent Hayes. He has never been found wanting in the various positions to whioh be has been called to aot. But I have no hope of him on the currency question. The bondholders have the whole monopoly of banking. They ren der money plenty or scarce, as they see proper. They are reaping fortunes un told iu the annals of nations. The great industrial classes are going to pauper ism like the old countries of Europe. Can’t the people be made to know the true and only issue ? Yours truly, Augustus R. Wbioht. Letter from Governor Yance. Raleigh, March 27, 1877. Editors Chronicle and Constitutionalist: Dear Sirs— Your letter has been re ceived, asking my views as to the posi tion the Southern Democracy should occupy towards Mr. Hayes, and whether they should apply for or hold offioe un der his Administration, etc. Briefly and simply, then : In every thing, exoept the mere forms of law, I regard Mr. Hayes as a usurper. By maintaining armed intervention in States recently declared by the Com mission, under which he elaims to be so sovereign, that no aot of theirs could be impeached or even inquired into, though tainted by a fraud that would have avoided . any other human transaction, in any court in Christendom, he is flagrantly defying the Constitution of his country. Every day that United States troops are kept in and about the State Houses of South Carolina and Louisiana by Mr. Hayes’ order, be is guilty of crucifying the Constitution afresh and puttiDg it to open shame. And all men who hold office under him of political significance, are holding his garments whilst Liberty is bayonetted to death. The plea of uniting with evil-doers for the purpose of controlling them is as contemptible as it is stale. It lost its efficacy in the service of renegade native Southerners, who joined the Radicals in time to par ticipate in the reconstruction era of plunder. The dnty of the Southern Democrats as well as of the Northern Democrats, and of Democrats and friends of consti, tntional liberty every where, is to wage open war against Mr. Hayes and all other men who disregard the plain pro visions of that great charter of the rights of the States and of the people. Especially is it the dnty of the Demo oraey to see that not another dollar is voted to the support of the army until guarantees are given that it shall no longer be used to destroy the States, and shear them of their jnst powers. I see no objection to Democrats filling subordinate positions to which no politi cal significance is attached, except in so far as the sense of obligation to the ap pointing power may weaken the blows which an honest man ahonld always be ready to Btrike the enemies of his coun try’s honor and welfare. Yours respect fully. Z. B. Vance. Letters from DistincaUbed Saathern Men— What Judce Jaa. S. Hook Thinks. Augusta, Ga., March 31, 1877. Editors Chronicle and Constitutionalist: Gentlemen— Circumstances have pre vented until now an answer to yonr let ter asking my opinion of “ What the at titude of the Southern Democracy shonld be to President Hayes, whether Sonthern men shonld apply for or take office un der him,” etc. I cannot agree with those who counsel an attitude of hostility to the new Presi dent in regard to what is called his Sonthern policy and his manner of in augurating it. He should be allowed to folly develop his purposes and plans, and meantime should command our re rpectfnl confidence until by some overt act plainly nullifying his expressed de termination, he forfeits it. I mast con fess, I am willing to trust him on the promisee of his inaugural—a production of unusual merit, and marked by high patriotic purpose. General Hayes was s brave and honorable soldier on the Federal side of the late wa.. between the States, and men of tint char aeter, I oare not on whioh aide they fought, do not intentionally deoeive or mislead any body. It is difficult to be lieve that a man of his acknowledged moral worth and integrity, occupying now the highest position in the reach of human ambition, will dishonor Imu-eli and stain his robes of offioe at the dicta tion of the mere partisan extremists of the Radical brotherhood. There is no just gronnd for regarding with sus picion, as many do, his delay in regard to the removal of troops from South Carolina and Louisiana. Nor is there any reason for beiDg driven to despair or indignation because pi the method he has seen fit to employ, for informing himself as to the real status there, be fore he takes decisive action. Let us rather attribute all this, to a sincere de sire to do right in the exercise of a patriotic caution. It is true, in view of recent occurrences, that the political complexion of the appointed Com mission is not calculated to allay onr anxiety on this all moment ous subject. But when we recall the plain intendment of the inaugural in re gard to the right of a State to local self government freed from Federal inter ference; when we remember that Grant’s policy of usurping and controlling pow er in these Sonthern States by means oi the bayonet, was overwhelnnngly con demned by the whole people of the United States in the late election, and the fact that President Hayes fully un derstands this, and that he further un derstands, as he surely must, that in the two States named there have beenfoi several years no trne representative gov ernments, and that the miserable and wicked abortions that have maintained a precarious existence there, were solely sustained by force, wholly unauthorized by legitimate authority, and positively and directly subversive of our trne American governmental ideas and forms, and unable to maintain themselves even for a single day, if Federal troops were withdrawn, I say, when we recall all this, and give the President credit for patriotism and practical good sense, it is evident thet he can see, and must see, but one way ont of the trouble, and that will be to recognize the only government! there, that are maintained and upheld by the great majority of their respectivt intelligent, tax paying and influential populations. It is reasonable to pre sume that the Commission will be con strained by these considerations, des pite their political proclivities, to say that the Nioholls aud Hampton govern ments can alone give peaceful rule to their respective peoples, and that they must, theiefore, be let alone, as to at tempt to displace them would bo to vio late the American idea of government! resting on the consent of the governed, and lead, in all probability, to the mosi serious consequences. If this shall bt the result of their action, and I believt it will be, then the President, thus forti fied by the report of a Commission com poped, with one exception, of Republi cans, will feel no further hesitancy about withdrawing the troops from thest long oppressed States, and permit then once more to feel and enjoy the liberty and luxury of self government. In any event, whether right or wrong in my estimate of the President, his character and his policy, one thing and certain, he comes to the Sonthern peo pie, as the representative head of the Federal Government, with the olivt branch in his hand and invites all good and trne men, of all parties, classes and conditions, to snstain him in his effort to inaugurate anew era in our polities, in which partisan bitterness and sec tional hate are to be made to give place to honesty, merit and patriotism. 1 submit that with suoh a programme promised, it is the duty, as it should be the pleasure of onr people, to trust and try him, and let a solid South uphold him, in the hope that his manly promisee may be fulfilled. If he deceives ns the whole South will be more solid than ever against him and his party. But if he proves an apostle of anew and bettei political “ faith and order ;” in othei words, if he shall restore the ancient order when the fathers of the republic brought and laid their holiest sacrifices upon the altars of onr new-born liber ties, I for one shall hail him as a de liverer, though I voted against him for President. Our national politics have been marred by bad passions and sec tional animosities for many years past, and the only legitimate offspring of these, havo been fraternal strife and bloodshed and the hatching ont of a brood of small politicians all over the land, whose brains and patriotism are as limited as their statesmanship has been contemptible. And now .Who, in this centennial year of our existence, does not desire to see these baleful results eliminated from onr system and witness a genuine revival of the spirit of 76, whioh shall purify the foun tains and give üb, onoe more, living poli tical waters to drink. I had hoped for this result through the election of Til den, but as it was not to oome in that way, it is still to be aocepted gladly, even though it oome from an unexpect ed source. I find encouragement in the developments of the last four or five weeks. They are auspicious of the dawn of anew and better regime. Witness the majority of the famous Electoral Gommission taking refnge in the cardi nal doctrine of State rights and State sovereignty to make plausible and res pectable their refusal to go behind the Returning Boards to investigate the charges of gross fraud and corruption. There is at least some compensation, in beholding these champions of centralism bowing, even thongfl under the pressure of high and adverse winds; to this cherished corner-stone in the temple of onr liberties. Witness also, Hayes, true to his instincts as a gentleman and a patriot, ignoring the “bloody shirt” wing of his party—led by snch men as Blaine and Morton whose dire policy is fully exemplified by the partizan rancor and sectional hatred whioh blaze like a oeasless and consuming fire in the breast of that brilliant, bitter man of Boston, the incorrigible and irrepressible Wendell Phillips. It is dear I think that. Hayes is a man of ability and moral firmness as well as patriotism, and will take coun sel of the more liberal and conservative elements of his party. From what has gone before, you will peroeive that it is my opinion the South shonld be ready to meet the President half Way, and in good faith treat his avowed friendly policy in a manner at once kind, candid and conciliatory. Let ns help to have done with the day of bad passions and worse policies. If the President withholds office, be content. If he tender offices, accept and do onr whole dnty in them, not for the mere sake of place, power and emoluments, bat with the nobler aim of doing good to the land we love. Yours truly, Jas. S. Hook. Letters tram Prominent Southern Men— The Views of General M. W. Gary. Oakly Pabk, Edgefield 0. H., S. C. Editors Chronicle and Constitutionalist: Gentlemen—l have the honor to ac knowledge the receipt of your letter, asking my views as to the policy of mem bers of the Sonth Carolina Democracy applying for or accepting office under one Rutherford £. Bayes, President de facto of the United States. I an opposed to any Southern or Northern Democrat accepting office from Hayes, on the following grounds : First. Hayes was never elected Presi dent of the United States, his competi tor, Gov. TildeD, having received or been entitled to receive a majority of the electoral votes cast, and having de feated him by a popular majority of more than a quarter of a million of votes. Second. He ocoupies his office as Chief Magistrate of the United States as the result of one of the most bare-faced and unblushing frauds that has ever been perpetrated upon a civilized people. This fraud was adroitly conceived by the leaders and boldly carried out by the members of the Republican party; of which party Hayes is now the chosen representative. History affords no par allel either to the corrupt, bold and successful practices of the Republican party on the one hand, and the stupid, timid and cowardly action of the De mocratic party on the other. The lead ers of the Democratic party did not have the pluck to demand their constitu tional rights, nor did they have the tact, diplomacy and political sagacity to secure the fruits of our great victory. These are humiliating and degrading facts, that must be written upon the same page of history that chronicles the disgraceful frauds and usurpations of the Republican party. I would have as few Democratic names as possible upon this roll of infamy. Third. I cannot understand how any honest or patriotic citizen, or one who has a spark of love for constitutional liberty, no matter whether he be a mem ber of the Democratic or Republican party, can apply for or accept office from the hands of a. corrupt ana miser able usurper of the rights and liberties of the people—one who, by his open usurpation, has pat in peril the grand experiment of self-government. Fourth. lama Democrat from con viction. I believe that the tradionel platform of th is party embodies the trne theory and principles of this Gov ernment. Qne of its most prominent planks is loeal self-government, home rale by home folks. To aooept offioe from the represent! 'tive leader of the Republican party mns t necessarily be at the sacrifice of polii ioal self respect, political oonsistenoy ana' political polioy and principle. It wonld .be like enlist ing for pay under the flag of an enemy who had just defeated yon in battle. It ia_ a well recognized principle of the criminal law that he who acot 'pts stolen goods, knowing them to be stoi sn, is no better than the dirty thief who purloin ed them. Now, where is the difference in the offense, whether the thief has taken your parse or stolen your liberties ? Very truly yours, M. W. Gaby. the constitutional convention.- Keatons Why it Io Necessary far a Caoveo rentlon to be Held. Editors Chronicle and Constitutionalist: It is proposed to try to show, in a short series of artioles, why we should have a Convention, and what the Con vention should do if it is held. Two questions are just now agitated with some heat. They are the homestead and exemption laws and the removal of the capital. It seems well to begin with these. Many seem to fear that a Con vention may whittle down to almost nothing or entirely sweep away the present exemptions. Bat the party in favor of retaining exemption laws great ly ontnnmbers that opposed to them. Representatives usually reflect the will of their constituents. It may, there fore, be confidently expected that the Convention will oontain a large majority of delegates favoring exemptions of con siderable value. And the people oan proteot themselves by explicitly instrnot mg their delegates on the subjeot. One of the greatest needs for a Convention is to give a homestead and exemption real ly worth something. Here is a list, by no means exhaustive, of defects whioh oall for remedy : 1. The exemption, whether land or personalty, cannot be sold by the o.ne who has it set apart to him, exoept un der restrictions and fetters whioh muoh depreciate its value as & help to the poor man who relies npon it,. 2. The way to claim the exemption is now nearly as expensi ve as to go into bankruptcy. Why should the law do anything more than prescribe what kind and quantity or value of property shall be exempted, au thorizing a schedule -of it made out by the party claiming the benefit and reoorded in some publio offioe, say that of the Clerk of the Superior Court, and provide that this shall pr oteot the prop erty? This remedy woo Id hardly ever cost more than two dollars. 3; If a person has had a homestead nd exemption set apart to him, though they were ever so trifling in amount, he oan never afterwards supplement this, and have any more of hie property ex empted. In a few year,a under the ope ration of this law, the exemption pro visions will become practically a dead letter to the present generation; fer the majority who need the protection jf such provisions will have some trifling portion of property set apart to them, after which they oan have no more. The Courts seem to regard the homestead or exemption as a terrible disease for the debtor, and to provide, as natnre does with small pox, that it cannot be eanght i second time. The inhibition of all supplemental exemption falls specially hard on those who own no land. Land cannot be consumed, and a homestead of realty will always be worth some thing; bat personal property is more or less destructible. An exemption of per sonalty may neoessarily be consumed in a few months. Surely to cure the de feot here noted is ample.reason of itself alone for a Convention. 4. The amount or value of a proper exemption is a debatable question. There seems to be a general opinion, even among the debtor class, that the present allowanoe is too large. It is the expressed conviotion of many that an exemption of SI,OOO or $1,500 wonld be satisfactory to all class es. But it should be the privilege of the debtor to always hold this amount free from the sheriff, and he should be allowed to claim it over and over and as often as he has need for it. Of coarse fraud shonld be punished. Juries are generally eager and quick to punish dishonest smuggling of property away from payment of just debts. If it be made a severe penal offense for a person who takes the exemption to withhold any of his other property—say money, for instance—there will be no difficulty in convicting him. Public sentiment would soon settle down into the convic tion that the debtor should always be allowed his SI,OOO or $1,500, bnt that his creditors mast have their debts paid out of the rest of his property. It is well to remark here that if the allow ance is reduced by the Convention, this redaction should not be retroaotive. It shonld only be a redaction as to subse quent creditors. 5. Another defeot is that only the head of a family is allowed the privilege of exempted property. This favoritism cannot be defended. Everybody who can own property onght to have the an chor of the privilege to exempt it. 6. It may be that the family of the debtor needs some protection against the now recognized right of the husband to waive the benefit of exemptions. This is merely thrown ont for debate. 7. The adnlt heirs and not alone the minor heirs of a decedant should cer tainly be allowed to hold so mnoh of bis homestead and exemption as is necessary to give them the fall amount exempted. So.much now fer the defects of the nresent homestead and exemption laws. The great concern whioh the debtor class feel in the subject shonld not be ignored. They can all be turned into advooates of the Convention. And no good oitizen, however little he may need their protection now, shonld feel indif ferent to these laws. We have seen many of our people, who were even rich after the war, driven to provide for their families by taking shelter under a home stead and exemption. These exemption laws are a social necessity. Nearly every oountry has them. We shonld frankly and ungrudgingly recognize this neces sity and provide at onoe a proper ex empti >n ; one that ahall not be a mere Christmas treat for once, and for onoe only, for the poor man ; and one, too, which will honestly save the rights of creditors as to the nnexempt proDertv of their debtor. The writer oan see no principle hat settles where the capital of a State should be looated except con venient accessibility to thejgreatest pos sible number of its citizens. All cannot be suited in the location ; and so it is only left to suit the greatest possible number. This question of removal might be settled by referring. it to popular vote, requiring the voter to designate on his tieket the plaoe he desires, and making that place which secures the largest number of votes the capital. It is the conviction of the writer that if the Convention assembles it will find little disposition to debate this question. He believes that the great body of our peo ple wish the capital to remain where it is. Still, he adheres to his conviction that if a larger number of the people of Georgia wish the oapital elsewhere, it should be thither removed. No removalist is so wild as to insist upon removal nor no non-removalist so wild as to fight against removal, if there be in either case a majority opposed For it is to be repeated that the only principle decisive of the question is the public convenience, that is the conven ience of some particular place tq the greatest possible number of oiti?ens, such number to be found by their ex pressed wishes. When this number is found all should be in favor of its having the capital. Qf course everybody will canvass for his own individual prefer ences until it is found. The people can easily settle the ques txon. They can speak either by instruc tions to their delegatee qr by the opin-* ions and Views of their delegates unin structed, or they oan' ballot as above aeggested. A non-removalist, who has no other objection, should not oppose the Convention. The people have never said authoritatively that theywished their oapital to be at Atlanta. The only foram to whiob the non-removalist as a good citizen should submit the question for decision is the expressed Wishes of the people. For him to keep the ques tion away from the only competent tri bunal is simply to make himself a ustrp ing judge where the people alone should be judges. Atlanta is the railway oentre of the State, and the commercial cen tre of a very large portion of the same. It is a city of ample accommodations for a capital. Its $2 A TEAR —POSTAGE PAID. olimate is proverbially superior, the seat of government has been there for the last nine years, and has taken deep root, the expense of removal wonld be great. Nearly every body sees all these things clearly. At lanta oan easily afford to court a sub mission of the question of the location of % the capital to the people. She will thus only make the majority in favor of non-removal still larger. But for her to oppose a submission of the question to the people might provoke some of the now non-removalists into turning their ooats in order to show her that its de cision belongs to the whole people of Georgia, and not Atlanta alone. This article is too long already, bnt patient hearing of a few hints of other topics is prayed. A general reason for the Convention is the recent great ohange of our oondition. Wp are now some twelve years from the oomplete disorganization of Southern sooiety, and we have at last attained oalmness and experience sufficient to know what are the needed ohanges in the Constitu tion. The same system of laws nor the same Constitutioncannot suit two en tirely different sets of oiroumstanoes. I he Constitution of 1868 was not made by onr people. The wisdom and the exp erienoe of the majority in the body who made it are only a bitter jest. Be sides, our oondition was not then clear to our eys. We were too restless under the sm arts of reconstruction, and there have be sn great developments sines to make us better understand onr altered condition, it will next be shown how our entire judioiary system calls for re modelling, to be brought into harmony with the new times; and the exposition will be addressed to praotieal men inter ested in the subject; to parties, wit nesses, jurors; to all oonoerned for the protection of property and the suppres sion of crime; to tax payers who desire a more economical administration of jnstioe—in short, to every one affected in happiness or purse by the subjeot. John O. Reed. Washington, Ga., Maroh 30, 1877. AUGUSTA AND KNOXVILLE. Meeting ef Corporator**—The Charter Ac cepted-Encouraging Advices from the West. A meeting of the corporators of the Augusta and Knoxville Railroad was held yesterday morning at the parlor of the Commercial Bauk. On motion, Hon. R. H. May was oalled to the Chair and J. L. Maxwell requested to aot as Secretary. On motion, the oharter as passed by the Legislature at its recent session was formally received and adopted. It was also resolved to open books of sub scription on the 24th inst. Mr. Wheless stated that a gentle man, representing the city of Knox ville, was in Augusta for the purpose of conferring with the corporators and as certaining what would be the best time to hold a general convention. The Secretary read the following : Dear Sir—lt is expected that you will meet and confer with the corporators of th s Au gusta and Knoxville Railway Company, to as semble in the city of Augusta on the 4th inst.. and that you will feel yours If fully author ized. as a member of the Knoxville Board of Trade and as a citizen representing a large mining interest, to give assurances of our sympathy and a willingness to co-sperate with Augusta to secure a railroad commotion so de sirable, I Rill say so essential to ' O’h. I have not before me either a map or report upon whioh to estimate distances but the con templated line, via Rabun Gap to Claytou, thei oe by the most direot route to Augusta, cannot be less than seventy, and I think it more than one hundred miles shorter than the line via Dalton and Atlanta. If my estimate approximates correctness, that of itself presents a strong motive, but this is perhaps the least. It is a fact, well at tested by all shippers of heavy produots. that, to compete successfully with other producing districts, there must be comueting lines of transportation. I presume we have as little ground of oomplaint as any section, restricted as we are to one line of transportation for the outlet of our surplus agricultural, manufac tured and mining produots; and I hesitate not to say that East Tennessee has to day a larger surplus of com, hay, baoon and flour than at any time (of this date) since 1860. and at the present rates of freight it cannot be rofltably shipped. Our inexhaustible coal mines are employing a force less than one-fourth their capacity, and our manufacturers are supplying local demands. It will, therefore, be seen that Knoxville and Central East Tennessee are vitally interested in securing another, at least one, oompeting line of transportation. Bat we may not hope to stir Augusta aud un loose the purse strings of her wealthy citizens by detailing our wants. Are they not interest ed In this matter ? Is it not true that they, like ourselves, are practically subjeot to the exactions of a monopoly P Does not the com merce of that city require a oompeting line of transportation to the grain fields of the West, and a short and cheap rente to the eoal beds, marble queries and hard wood forests of the mountains ? We could present motives with out number for the construction ef the Augus ta and Knoxville Railroad, but the short lines of a letter forbids further thought in this di reotion, nor do I deem it necessary, for all thoughtful men admit its importance. The question is, oan the road be built ?• If it can. by whom, and where is the money to oomo from? I answer first, it can be built. I had almost said it 'must be built. How and by whom, it may be difficult to answer, but I think I haz ard nothing in saying that Knoxville, Knox county and Blount county will, in co-operation with the owners of the Knoxville and Charles ton Railroad Company (a part of the contem plated line), oompleto the road to the North Carolina State line, possibly more, if Georgia will oome to the State line of North Carolina. On the opposite side the friends of the enter prise in North Carolina may dose the gap; or possibly this great enterprise may attraot the attention of foreign capitalists. I invite a glance at the map. Will not a direct line from Port Royal (the finest harbor on the South Atlantic coast), to Cincinnati, Indianapolis, Chicago and the Northern lakes run via Augnsta. Rabun Gap, KnoxviUe and Coal Creek coal mines ? Is there any reasen why the Augusta and Knoxville Railroad should not beoome the centre link of the great national highway aoross the continent from the North west to the Southeast ? This is not merely a vision of an excited brain. A national rail road from and to the points named is in con templation and a bill was presented to the last CoDgresß of the United States asking for a charter 'for just suoh a highway. It may be well for the friends of the Augus ta and Knoxville enterprise to look into this matter. Should you in consnltation with the corporators and friends of the Augusta and Knoxville Road be able to agree upon a time and place fora general convention, Knoxville and East Tennesssee will send largo delega tions. BespectfnUy, J. W. Gaut, President Board of Trustees. Mayor’s Office, 1 Knoxville, Tznn., April 21, 1877. j Drab Sir—At the last meeting of the Board of Mayor and Aldermen of this city, the follow ing resolution was offered and unanimously passed: ‘■Resolved, That the Board of Mayor and Al dermen of the eiiy of Knoxville notice with speoial interest the organization of the Augus ta and Knoxville Railroad Company, in Augus ta, Ga., and that the Mayor be requestel to correspond with the officers of said company and request such information in regard to the same as may be of importance to this city, re porting the same at the next meeting of this Board. The resolution was adopted unani monsl The introduction and unanimous passage of this resolution will show you teat our people are keenly alive to the importaQoe of this en terprise. They feel that every material inter est of our oity and snrronnding o inntry would be benefltted by it. They are anxious to do something to forward such an undertaking, and I think I truly represent the feelings of our people when I say that Bbould the Augus ta and Knoxville Bailroad show evidence of be ing taken hold of in earnest, with a prospect of being pushed forward to completion, our citi zens will extend their hands to meet yon at the border, with more substantial aid in them than mere resolutions. I would be pleased to hear from you of the present status of the en terprise, also of its future prospects. And let me again assure you that any information whieh indicates the coiqpletio < qf an early and direct railroad communication between this pity aqd the city of Augusta, will be reoeived by our whole community as a harbinger of better times and a larger, and I trust mutually profitable relations between our two cities. With the assurance of my hearty co-operation in your undertakings, etc., D. A. Cabpfenteb, Mayor City of Knoxville, Tenn. To President Augusta and Knoxville Bailroad Company, Augusta, Oa.. On motion, it was resolved to bold a Convention in Augusta o Thursday, May 10th, 1877. The following committee was appoint ed to confer with the Knoxville dele gate; W- T. Wheless, John M. Oiark, Eugene f. Yerdery, Henry Franklin, J. L. Maxwell On motion, the meeting adjourned. Knoxville is fully alive to this great enterprise and many of her leading men stand square on the question of ma terial aid; in fact, we understand that Knoxville would strike dirt to-morrow if she could have Augusta speak in posi tive tone from this side of the moun tains, When men like W. W, Woodruff, D. A- Carpenter, E. J. Sanford, ex- Mayor Peter Stoab, J, W. Gaut, R. J. Wilson, Judge Temple, Colonel Terry, Vi. B. Tuttle and others, say Knoxville will pay a half million for the first train from Augusta to Knoxville via Clayton, things begin to look like businass.— Colonel Charlton, editor of the Tribune and Age, and Captain Rule, of the Chronicle, both work hand in hand for this road, and poor men and rich men alike are of one acoord. Speaking of Augusta's prosperity the Griffis News says : “Cotton mills aid it —they have added tripple fold to her oapital, to her business, and to her Qoza- j meroial importance.” THE STATE. THE PEOPLE AND THE PAPERS. Dawson has four churches. The peach crop is not killed. o*ts nre killed in Troup county, Mitohell’s Debating Club is dead. Harris county opposes a Convention. Captain Dwinnell, of Rome, is quite ill. Bartow county is to organize a iookey olub. A Baptist revival is going on in Cal houn. The divoroe fever is raging down in Dooly. Darien is building anew Episcopal church. The State Fair will be held in Atlanta this year. Measles have disappeared from Fran klin county. The Griffin News tersely dubs us tha Chron.-Con. Franklin Institute now numbers fifty three pupils. Pneumonia is prevailing violently in Twiggs oounty. Judge Lochrane is now spoken of for David Davis’ seat. Forsyth has received 10,629 bales of cotton this season. Hog stealers and umbrella peddlers are numerous in Dawson. Spring chickens in Savannah bring 20 oents per dozen in the shell. There are slight symptoms of the base ball fever breaking out again. The Conyers Courier is as neat and aparkling as spangle 1 tarleton. lhomasville challenges the State oil cleanly and well graded streets. Rome papers publish life size car toons of their focal cotenjporaries. Col. Willingham, of Cartersville, don't take much stock in Hayes j ust yet. Agricultural Convention will be held in Newnan next August. General B. W. Heard, of Washington, has been carried to the State Asylum. A Savannah peddler attempted to steal a diamond ring, tut was caught. The mill of the Macon Cotton Manu facturing Company runs on half time. The Georgia State Baptist Convention will be held at Gainesville, April 19th. The Mayor of LaGrange rides a fiery, untamed steed, with flaxen mane and tail. _ Hon. T. W. Grimes, of Columbus, de livers the memorial address at West Point. Prof. Waddell, of the State University, is recovering from a severe attack of illness. Dr. Lovick Pierce entered upon his ninety-third year on the 24th day of March. Cartersville couldn’t have Sunset Cox to lecture, but her baryta mills grind as fine as ever. The Rome Tribune seems to have a very nonchalent way of going through the printing press. Greenville failing in getting up a rail road has organized a brass baud. Such pluck will be rewarded. Bridges Smith’s paper has moved from Atlanta to Macon. Bridges is sound on the chicken main issue, too. Which road does Ben Hill think Hayes will pave with his “ patriotic inten tions?” To glory, perhaps. A Mr. Grimes, of Madison county, killed himßelf the other day at a log rolling by breaking a blood vessel. -Tim Anderson is the only skater in Covington who can swing to bis tobacco quid when his rollers shoot skyward. The Rookdale Register has three lawyers on its staff and yet survives. It is hard to kill a well established paper. A Butler bride of six months standing has eloped with another fellow. Mar ried life must be awfully monotonous down there. Dr. Felton thinks that Georgia’s next Governor will be an independent. We hope that he will be independent of Radical votes. Mr. W. P. Ward, of Bartow oounty, has made a discovery enabliug him to manufacture ferro-manganese directly from its ores. Professor John Temple Groves, with the assistance of his pupils, publishes a blackboard gazette at the West Point public school. The Rome Tribune says that Stearns, of Florida; Packard, of Louisiana, and Chamberlain, of South Carolina, are all from the same county in Maine. Six hundred and thirty illicit distil lers have plead guilty in Atlanta and vowed hereafter to take sugar and post age stamps in them. They are now free. Dr. Janes advises young men to “ marry good, clever Georgia girls and settle on a little farm and rnise sheep." The Doctor will please explain himself. The Constitution says Mrs. Virginia B. Harris, mother of Young L. G. Har ris, of Athens, died Saturday morning at Stone Mountain in the 90th year of her age. She was carried to Athens for in terment. The Oglethorpe Echo tells of a negro in that county who ate a pound of lard the other day at one meal, and remark ed, after wiping his hands on his head : “ Dis am not one of dem weak stum mick niggers.” A Rome lady, who is an enthusiastic Republican, named her canary bird Jim Blaine. He did not sing much, but she loved him tenderly until last Saturday, when she discoved that Jim Blaine had laid an egg. Now she declares that no dependence oan be placed in politicians. Conyers has anew poet. Macon has hopped in calico. Two State elections this year. Athens has two brass brands. The guano season is pretty well over. Atlanta still talks about a temperance paper. They arrive this afternoon—both from Athens. Macon came near having a large fire Sunday. A Savannah saloon was burned yester day morning. Covington seems to have had an elope ment Tuesday. A Rockdale county man has twin calveß—both doing well. Macon is fighting Milledgeville’s bat tles on the capital question. Dr. Connaughton seems to have full oontrol ef the Georgia press. Nine homicides in Twiggs county dur ing the past eighteen months. The Bainbridge Democrat and Val dosta limes oppose a Convention. A Griffin capitalist offers to subscribe $5,000 toward building a cotton mill. The Columbus Enquirer is one of the nobbiest, neatest dailies in the South. Savannah exports peaoocks (not of the German white variety) to Sweden. Annie Logan is said to be collecting a “ galaxy ” of photographs of Georgia editors. Covington is tearing down her old Baptist Church, preparatory to building anew one. Ex Gov. Smith and lady left Atlanta yesterday morning for the Hot Springs in Arkansas. Many applications for divorces among the negroes are being filed in Ogle thorpe county. The Columbus Enquirer reports that Hon, H. W. Hilliard has been promised a foreign mission. The Echo says Oglethorpe county is being well stocked with Berkshire pigs at ten dollars per pair. The Atlanta cotton factory is in debt to the amount of $60,000, besides a sum of $25,000 due for machinery. The last grand jury of Washington county presented the Sandersville and Tennille Railroad as a nnisance. The little Sandersville and Tennille Railroad is a success. The first month’s proceeds netted S2OO above expenses. Dr. Carlton thinks, that our present national trouble most at last find its only true and lasting remedy in revolu tion. Dr. E. Dorsette Newton will probably deliver the address at the annual meet ing of the Clarke County Historical So ciety. The Constitution has found out that Wm. H. Steward’s first and only love lived, bloomed and died in Putnam county, Mr. Stevens Thomas, one of the ablest and purest men in the State, is spoken of as a Convention delegate from Clark county. The doctors and lawyers of Gyiffin are making a vigorous fight over the action of the Oity Council levying a special tax on those professions. The Augusta Presbytery meets at Woodstock Church in Oglethorpe coun ty to-day. Opening sermon by J. B. Morton, moderator. Says the Covington Star : Mr. Daniel Mobley, son of James L. Mobley, died Dear Social Circle, on last Monday night, of pneumonia^ Captain L. P. Thomas, Jr., was elect ed Qhief of Police of Atlanta on Satur day, and General “ Tige” Anderson one of the lieutenants of the force. The Atlanta Constitution says : From a_ telegram received in this city last night, we learn that General Gordon has welcomed a stranger at his hotel in Washington. Weight, just 11 pounds.