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S%£ toeeklg - & Ccmstitatianaligt
OLO SEMES-VOl. ICII
HEW SERIES-VOL LI.
Cijtomclc awb Sentinel
WEDNESDAY, - AUGUST l f 1877.
•■Rnuui of the war,” you know.
Mr. Hates' orgsn oslls it “the Ameri
can Commune.”
Each soldier costs the United States
SBOO per annum.
Suppose the Mollie, Maguires should
get on a rampage ?
Hamburg and DeKalb county are no
where alongside of Pittsburg.
Did the white laboring men of the
North free negroes to become slaves ?
It is high time for the “stalwart" Re
publicans to “dry up” about "Southern
atrooities."
The Sultau will not unfurl the stand
ard of the Prophet until the Russians
arrive at Adrianople.
And now it has been found out that
the battle of the Boyne was not fought
on the Pith of Jaly !
What does the Chicago Inter-Ocean
think of the “ grander and better life ”
of the East and West now ?
We had a little strike on the Georgia
Road; but the strikers behaved in a dif
ferent manner from those of the North.
Ban Dominoo is on a strike. They
call it a “political revolution,” but it is
really a strike among two sets of ne
groes. _
'* l * ••
Life insurance to succeed in future
must economise—that is, get rid of the
fat rats who are eating the heart of the
oheese.
The bank examiner of Maine is named
Bolster. His report is an encouraging
one; but reports are not what they
used to be, alas I
The death of Yakoob Khan, of Tur
kestan, a famous potentate, is announc
ed. He oould neither read nor write,
but ruled wisely and well.
The real name of the new Turkish
Gommander-in-Ohief is Schultz. He is.
a Prussian, but, in Montenegro, they
kuow him as Mxhbmet Ali.
—i a i
Anointing the breast with croton oil
and moderate inhalations of nitrous
oxide gas will, it is said, arrest and cure
consumption in its early stages.
Why do the honest poor of the North
prefer to starve in the great cities rather
than come South and get a living at
least off an aore of ground, which costs
very little ?
The Burlington Hawkeye thinks Mr.
Tilden would have had a walk over for
the Presidency, if offioe holding Repub
licans bad knowu what was in store for
them from Mr. Hayes.
Hitherto the " God and Morality
folks,” East and West, have sneered at
the South as a region unattractive to
Northern white men. How about Pitts
burg for a healthy locality ?
Mb. Murphy is said to have converted
thousands of men from liquor drinking
in Philadelphia; but statistics show
that the consumption of malt drinks is
unpreoedently large, since his visit.
■i a >am
Bob Inoebholl delivered a lecture for
the benefit of three San Fraueiaco chari
ties. It netted $450, but the charitable
societies will not take the money. They
have probably taken funds that oame in
just as questionable a shape.
It is ascertained that all literary men
in the United States who have grown
rioh owe their prosperity, not to their
pens, but to their wives and fathers.
Home are poets, but they had an eye to
“his."
The New York Sun sarcastically ob
serves that Mr. Tilden's departure for
Europe leaves the United States without
man who was ever eleoted to the Pres
idency. This is the Shm’s way of making
faoes at Mr. Hayes.
Some of the Britishers want to know
if Garrison, now amongst them, is the
original of Mrs. Stowe’s “Uncle Tom.”
These are the fellows who have always
believed that Phillips, Sumner and
Greeley were runaway negroes.
For many years the South has been
reviled by the Radical press as a “ semi
barbarous land, where law and order
did not prevail, and property was un
safe.” What do these papers think of
the East and West ?
Gen. Forrest had a reunion of the
men who formed his escort during
the war. He was physically prostrated,
said be did uot expect to live long, and
hoped to meet them in Heaven. These
reunions are growing rather funereal.
I* it oonoeded that the syndicate will
make more money than auybody else
out of tfco 4 per oent. loan. It is also
manifest that the Secretary of the
Treasury oould have saved the Govern
ment the syndicate commissions.
Home of the sober-sided papers be
lieve that the biggeat mistake made,
dnring the first day’s strike, was oalling
out the bayonet. They think there
would have been little or uo destruction
of property if holiday soldiers had been
kept in the back ground.
Tsui Nashville American, anent the
confessed failure of the Governor of
West Virginia to proteot the property
of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
from rioters, and his subsequent call
upon the President for troops, thinks
legal self-government has had an ugly
<wosmdu According to the Rich mood
IMspateh there were bnt two militia
companies in iiot whole State.
Bora Packard predicts that the De
mocracy will carry, this Fall, Wiscon
sin, Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York.
He aaya the Republican party ia going
to everlasting smash, ami the only way
to possibly save the oonmra is for the
President to pnt ont Schurz, Evabtb,
Dryers and Key, and' put iu their
places good Republicans of the old sort
—Zack Cwasdlkb for one—and tbe
party will get right on its feet sgain.
The President seems inclined to let the
old thing break in pieces.
Wm. H. Vanderbilt, having bees
telegraphed that the employes of the
Mew York Central Road were likely to
remain at their posts, sent the following
N. Y., July 22, 1877.
“I am proad to receive such a dis
patch. I do cot for a moment donbt
the loyalty of oer men frogs New York
to Buffalo. I am confident they will
Mfftain the reputation they have before:
fifae world, and every one be foremost in
maintaining the road throngh these de
pressing times. I am sure they reoog
cize the faet that they are part and par
cel of os, and that their wages depend
entirely upon the business we are able
to do. Increased basiaesa with fair
prices will sorely bring additional com
pensation. W. H. Vanderbilt.”
A little flattery sometimes does waif.
THE RAILROAD WAR.
We surrender a large part of our space
to telegraphic aooounta of the rail
way war which has assumed gigantic
and moet deplorable proportions.
The railroads have pasaed and are
pasaing through serious ersies, brought
about principally by their own acts of
indiscretion. The cut-throat war of
great corporations led to the purchase
of properties which have now declined
nearly, if not quite, 50 per oent. The
result of this has been enormons debts
and nnprofitable leases, aggravated by
depression of business, low rates of
freight and attempts to declare hand
some dividends without corresponding
profits. The Baltimore and Ohio Rail
road has never, we believe, lowered
its ten per oent. dividends; bnt
it has twice within a year squeezed
the wages of its workingmen. The
last turn of the screw seems to have
been the feather weight that broke the
camel’s back. The best presentation of
the ease, from a workman’s point of
view, embodying the gist of the com
plaint of labor against capital, is the
following communication in the Balti
more American :
In your editorial in yesterday’s paper you
say you see do reason for charging the com
pany with a disposition to oppress its employes.
1 Please allow me to point out a few. You say
it has tried to do something in the way of
pbilanthropby by catting down wages and
dividing up the work of moving its trains
among a great many people. I agree with
you; they do employ a great many people,
hat it seems to ms you should have left the
philanthrophy out. But, before I proceed to
tell you why, I will tell you something per
haps you do not know. They saw it would not
do to cut and slash at the wages in a whole
sale manner again, so they devised a plan that
they thought would work—cutting the differ
ent positions up into classes—engineers four
classes, conductors three, firemen and brake
men two eac-b. The classes were all made,
but there were no men to go into them, nearly
all conductors and engineers being first-class
men. Now, if there is any philanthrophy
about their mode of working, it may come in
here. When a man’s engine would go into the
shop for repairs he would not be allowed to get
on another one and run extra, if there
was a chance, but anew man would
be hired, of course into the lowest class,
while the first-class man would often have to
remain idle three and four weeks at a time,
still always folding himself iu readiness in
case of emergency. When the new fireman
gets ont en the road, the engineer, as a gener
al thing, either has to get down off his engine
and fire it himself (and in doing so be is vio
lating one of Ihe company’s orders by leaving
his throttle-valve) or get stalled on all the
grades, throwing himself behind time, to be
made up at double the speed required by book
or else back off for noise other train, while if
he meets with the slightest accident he is held
personally responsible, taken before a Court
composed of five officers, given a poor man's
trial (all law and no Justice). The sentence
of this Court is never less than ten days’ ban
ishment, and sometimes thirty, or final dis
charge, with the privilege of coming back on
fourth-class pay. Was it philanthropy and a
desire to do what was Just and fair, when they,
without any public notioe, cut all train man in
their service fifty cents per day regardless of
rates received, and in a few weeks publicly an
nounced in the papers that Mr. T. R. Shako
and J. A. Davis would be raised a couple of
thousand per annum? Or, perhaps, it is upon
those broad principles of justice they keep
men lying iu Martinsburg, Virginia, all night
in hot and cold weather watching their en
gines, and tell them in the morning they are
not wanted, and give them no pay for it ? Bnt
they must be ready to take the first train down
in the morning. I could cite you many in
stances of socb philanthropy, but the reckon
ing would disgust you. But allow me to say,
iu conclusion, if the directors are in earnest
about retrenchment, I think I can suggest to
them a plan which would harmonize their men
and save many dollars to the company— let
the company look about them, and see the
many little bosses and supervisors, who get
large pay for little work, and discharge every
man whose service could be done without.
Enoineeb, Ist Dnr. B. A O. B. B.
This is a sad oondition of affairs, and
it is to be regretted that some compro
mise could uot have been effected be
fore death-dealing arguments had been
employed. The railroad oompanies had
the right to reduce the wages of their
employes, and the employes had the
inalienable right of striking. Bnt when
men who were willing to work at the
lowest rednotion were foroibly prevent
ed from doing so, the workmen made a
grievous mistake, and at last evoked a
demon which it will be bard to quell,
but which must be quelled at all hazards.
There has hardly ever been a snooessfnl
strike. The poor man always goes to
the wall, in the long run. It is ter
rible that this should be so, and in
a land of boasted freedom, superior
Christianity and unlimited resources;
bnt the truth must be told for ali that.
It is questionable whether bloodshed,
arson and pillage could have been pre
vented or not at Baltimore or Pittsburg.
The Fifth Maryland Regiment seemed
to have been better handled than the
Sixth, which spilled the first blood in
Baltimore. And yet Napoleon’s maxim
was never to fire a blank oartridge at a
mob. Still there may be differences be
tween a French mob and an American
one. The employment of the military
arm appears to have aggravated rather
than bettered the situation, and to
have caused more calamities than were
originally intended by the strikers. One
of our contemporaries refers to the draft
riots of New York in )863, and shows
that a kind word from GoverooiJSßYMouß
and Archbishop Hughes led captive the
rioters. That kind word apparently was
not spoken promptly at Baltimore and
Pittsburg.
That the rioters should be put down
summarily all lovera of law and order
must agree. But it ean not be denied
that the railway companies have a lesson
to learn, in the management of their
workingmen, and that lessen ean be
taught, both in Europe and in America,
by great corporations which never suffer
from strikes, because they are always
just, and because they treat their em
ployes as human beings and not as
mere dntnb, driven cattle, only fit to
minister to the laxnries and follies of
the rieb.
In this connection we perceive that
Americans will leave in Enrope SIOO,-
QQQjOQO this Summer and Fall. Of
course a mm frfis a right to do with his
money what he pleases ■ bat at this time
the rich man in the United SkfJtej who
desires to keep rich would do well per i
haps to spend his money at home and
thereby help to make strikes impossible.
GREAT expectation#.
The Chicago Inter-Ocean says: “The
people at the East and North and West
nave in all tfre yrejr? of the nation’s ex
istence looked forward to a grander and
better life within the nation, and have
contemplated no triumph of sectional
spirit. The people of the South have
been, in the same years, looking ahead
to tbe accomplishment of certain re
ft alts, and their thoughts on
the triumph of the Southern system.”
The record wiH prove that the people
of the East, North red West fraye been
looking to the exploitation of Matfriyv
wealth tor their own profit Their
whole struggle was to build themselves
Dp at tbe expense of this section. The
war was waged, with all of its fearful
risks, rather the# let the South go into
business or her own froojp, and with a
chance of seeoring her oyn promts, goth
sides were fatsliy derailed. The South
lost nearly everything, and the North.
Eaat and West are on the high road to
commercial disaster. The North tri
umphed, bnt where is that “better and
grander life?” Commerce and society
are rotten to the core. A contemporary,
in holy horror of the results of the war,
and aghast at the low depth of moral
ity says: “The poisoning’of wives by
husbands; the divorce suits; the cruel
beating of children; the disputes over
the estates of dead men; aednetions of
women; the laaoiviona actions of Chris
tian ministers and the rascalities of
graceless yonth in circnmventing infirm
rioh relatives, make np the staple of
every enterprising Northern jonrnal
which reaches ns. One edition of the
New York papers contains each an array
of these various immoralities as, if
spread throngh the history of the crimes
of a whole year, ought to exclude the
eommnnity in which they oocnr from
recognition as a civilized and Christian
one.”
No; the “reanlts of the war” have
been calamitous everywhere, and in
many places aoenrsed. The worst crip
ples are not those who have lost legß
and arms in battle. The “grander and
better life” alluded to by the Chicago
paper is the reign of Shy look and War
moth, the corporal of the guard and
Madison Wells. We have the author
ity of more than one man that sinoe the
elimination of the old South, from the
system of the Republio, every braneh of
the public service and every artery of
social life baa been poisoned. A man
who lives in Chicago and consecrates the
reign of the carpet-bagger is a nice
evangelist to teaoh “a grander and bet
ter life.”
- -
GENERAL WOFFORD’* DEFEAT.
Gen. W. T. Wofford stood to his
guns last Friday and made a gallant
fight against that section of the article
on elective franchise which makes the
payment of taxes a condition precedent
to voting. Gen. Wofford took the po
sition that the measure was the entering
wedge to a property qualification for
voters, and was intended to disfranchise
the poor man, however virtuous or in
telligent he might be. Geu. Lawton
and others combated this position, and
combated it successfully, Gen. Wof
ford's motion to strike ont being laid
on the table by a large majority. Of
course, it is understood that this debate
referred principally to what is known as
the poll tax. A large proportion of the
voting population of Georgia is liable to
no other tax. Especially is this the ease
with colored eitizens. The imposition
of this tax was intended as a benefit to
public instruction—the money arising
from it being applied exclusively to the
support of the free schools. It was
kept in the Constitution by the Repub
lican Convention of 1867-8, as furnish
ing the best means of securing the edu
cation of the colored race* We think
the Convention aoted wisely in retaining
a similar provision in the new Constitu
tion. Gen. Wofford spoke eloquently
of the wrong done in making poverty a
orime and disfranchising a freeman be
oauae he is poor. The sophistry is ap
parent. Every citizen who owns any
property at all is able to pay his taxes,
because the amount of the tax is pro
portioned to the value of the property.
Those who own no property whatever,
who are unable to pay even a poll tax
(and there are not twenty soeh in any
eounty of the State), who are technically
paupers supported by the community,
should not be allowed to vote. Gen.
Wofford alluded to the men who were
maimed in the service of the Confede
racy as being, many of them, unable to
earn a living, and, therefore, unable to
pay a tax. The maimed soldiers of the
Confederacy would scorn to be exempt
ed from paying their portion of the ex
penses of government. These mutilated
heroes are objects of sympathy but they
are not objects of charity. We challenge
Gen. Wofford or any one else to find
a half dozen of them in all the alms
houses of Georgia. They are among the
best and most industrious of onr citi
zens. They are found in all the walks
of life, bearing their oross with patienoe
and striving to make an honorable live
lihood. These men ask no exemption
from the burthens of government. Gen.
Wofford does not know the soldiers
whom he led so gallantly to battle if he
thinks they sympathize with such a
movement.
The law is a good one, and we are
glad it has not been disturbed.
THE REBOUND.
The grand old South, with her “plan
tation manners ” was, after all, the
great conservator of civilization in the
United States, She “kept the lamp of
ohivalry alight in hearts of gold.” She
preserved the mnniments of eivie liber
ty. She adjusted the true relations be
tween eapital and labor. She produced
wealth, like the overflowing Nile, which
enriobed herself and ponred its treasures
into every vein and artery of the com
mercial North, building up splendid
cities, making opulent corporations and
individuals, and creating the possibility
for every industrious jnan to earn a gen
erous living. She kept society pure and
the Government unsullied. Alas ! how
have crazy fanatios and fools ohanged
all this ! The war made upon the Sonth
and her institutions has brought forth
dreadful fruit. The revelations of the
past few days demonstrate that the
fabric of society, East aod West, has
dwelt upon sjuipfreping volcano.
Wealth has been eonceutrated in phe
hands of the few; poverty is the burden
of the many. A privileged class has
been established whose chief duty seems
to be the grinding of the faces of the
poor. “Hard times” have followed the
big drank of war and speculation. Con
fidence between man and man has
been well nigh destroyed. The
granaries of the Union are bursting
with plenty, and yet myriads of God’s
creatures are hungry fof ppead. We do
not eare to taunt our bretfrrep qf the
North in the hour of calamity; but they
should know at last that the day of re
tribution haa arrived. It is high time
that the workers of iniquity, iu and ont
of Congress, should go to the rear and
patriots corns to the front. The South,
if permitted, will, as far as possible, re
establish the old landmarks of Consti
tutional liberty and commercial pros
perity. She alone ere i the bulwark
of soeiety and the salvation of the,
Union. • _
T mSfif ia • woman in Hazardville,
Connecticut, who frears off the
palm for strong-mindedness, five of,
her husbands were killed in powder mill
explosions and she is engaged to a sixth
powder miller. She says she oan stand
the "racket'’ if they cap It may be that
these five men would retbsr b blqwn
up by a powder mill than by sash a wo
man. They oould not stand the “rack
et.”
A whiter in the Detroit Free Press
very forcibly shows that there oan be no
prosperity in thia country so long as the
bankrupt lav /-etpjins unamended or an
repealed. As it stands) it sjipply, ac
cording to this writer, a protection, in
many cases, of dishonesty and an incen
tive to perpetual swindling.
You cannot get into the German army
if yon are not five feet one and a half
inches in freight A D< ? 7 e * there are
rams reliant little fellows upder that
measurement. Tbe best soldiers in the
native contingent of British India are
the Ghoorkas, who are among tbe
smallest and moet intrepid of mortality
AUGUSTA, GA„ WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 1, 1577.
THE SITUATION IN EUROPE.
Oar latest advioea would imply that
the Eastern question is gradually get
ting morC and more complicated.—
England, by the disposition of her
army, fleet and engineers, evidently for
bids the march of the Mnsoovite legions
beyond Adrisnople. Anstria is mani
festly in sympathy with Great Britain
and preparing, in certain contingencies,
to ooenpy Bosnia and Herzegovina,
thns flunking Rnssia and rendering her
position critical in the extreme. Italy,
as if in ooncert with Rnssia, and possi
bly at the dictation of Germany, menaces
with her fleet the presumptive partieipa
lion of Anstro-Hnngary in the eonfiiet.
Meanwhile the Chancellor of Germany,
the Prince of Blood and Iron, is silent
and inscrutable. It is generally believed
that he will move, if at all, in accord
ance with Russia, keeping all the while
an eye upon France. It will take a
good deal of nioe diplomacy to pre
vent a general European embroilment,
and the more so as England has found a
sentiment to season her regard for
business interests. That sentiment ia
horror of Cossack atrooities in Bulgaria,
surpassing the infamy of Bashi-Ba
zonks. It is notioeable too that Mr.
Gladstone has become silent and that
Mr. Oabltlb growls no more in a literary
way. The Old Land is apparently
getting ready to fight, in case of need,
and there is never child’s play when her
battle standard is unfarled. It is er
roneously thought in some quarters that
the Englishman has no sentiment; that
be loves the sensual things of this
world ; that he is a bull-beaded, prac
tical fellow, scooting romance; and yet,
as the New York Times shows, he has
waged more wars for “sentiment”
than any other of the race of men. To
use the words of our brilliant contempo
rary, the abstract names whieh move
Continental nations, “glory,” "nationali
ty,’’“federation,” “territorial extension,”
pass by him like the wind ; but he
springs up at the first glimpse of a sin
gle embodied wrong. The picture of a
harmless German bookseller shot at his
own door, of an English sea captain
murdered in a Frenoh prison, strength
ened his arm against Napoleon. The
vision of helpless Turks mown down by
red-hot shot at Sinope hurled him head
long at the throat of Nicholas. The
thought of two inoffensive travelers pi
ning in a filthy dungeon, sent him to hew
his way through the mountains of Abys
sinia ; and a few vivid sketches of Cos
sack marauders burning and slaying
among the peaceful Roumelian Villages
will do more to spar him on than any
flourishes abont “Russian aggrandize
ment” and the “disturbance of the bal
anoe of power."
In our own oountry it was English
policy or sentiment that grafted Exeter
Hall on Sumner’s hobby, and caused the
slavery agitation whieh has ruined this
land. It is true that, after the senti
ment had been started, and the States
began cutting each other’s throats, the
commercial spirit intervened and much
money was made by British traders out
of both sides. So it may be in the
Eastern question. John Bull will al
ways combine poetry with pelf.
RUSMIA’H FIGHTING MATERIAL.
The New York Times presents certain
foots and figures demonstrating that
though Russia has a vast population,
her supply of fighting material is com
paratively scant, and therefore the dis
parity between her and the Ottoman is
not so overwhelming as is popularly
supposed. We learn from this authority
that of 40,000 men recently sent up to
Warsaw for inspection 10,000 were re
jected as unfit to serve from various
causes, not inclusive of short stature.
It has been established by sanitary com
missions that Russia possesses fewer
able-bodied men in proportion than
either France or Germany. The average
duration of life, which in Britain is 40
years, in Germany 38, and in France 36,
does not exceed 22 in the healthiest
parts of Russia, while along the Volga
and Caspian it falls as low us 15; The
annual increase of population in Euro
pean Russia is only 1 in 21, a fact not
difficult to credit, when we remember
that the cholera sweeps the country
every five years or so, and that in sev
eral of the northern provinces—Novgorod
for instance—B3 per cent, of the children
born die in their infancy from exposure,
accident or unavoidable neglect. It is
added that many distriots are unavoid
ably exempted from the conscription on
account of the extreme aoantiness of
their population, whjcfr in some eases
averages only three to the square mile.
Besides these there are large bodies of
men in the empire whom it would be
unsafe to enroll, such as the disaffected
Poles, Ihe Mohammedan Circassians and
the Mennonitee, who, like the Quaker?, j
have conscientious scruples against
fighting, f'or generations the bad air
of oyerheated oabiijs, pnd the extreme
cold outside, together Fitfr insufficient
food, have combined to render the Rus
sians inferior in muscular power to Eng
lishmen and Germans. Of late years,
however, cooking and ventilation have
not been neglected by the Russians;
their armies are better fed, and the un
limited flogging which once prevailed is
virtually abolished. Their devotion to
the |2mpetor is unlimited, and has as
much fterpe enthusiasm of the fanatic in
it as the demotion of the Turks to the
Prophet. No one can claim, however,
that Russia is equal as a military power
to Germany. If Germany had declared
war against Turkey when the Czar did
her legions Would be now in Constanti
nople.
A Kentucky man, to avoid all risks,
has joined eight different ohnrchea.
Boston Corbbtj:, iyho shot Wilkes
Bpouj, is i|| u 4 4epf jtqtp at Oafnden,
N.J.
The six per oent. bonds of the city of
Albany, N. Y., sell at auction from 117
to 119.
Saratoga bootblacks think “the coun
try ia going to the devil” beoanae fel
lows now-a-days carry their own shoe
brushes.
The beat European observers predict
that either peace will be signed or all
Europe will be in arms before the Ist of
September. _
- >mS *
Germany has a four per oent. loan
and a syndicate of bankers. It is taken
by the ayndioate at 94 and placed in the
market at -10.
Does Mr. Hay re still weep for the
poor oolored nan of the Sonth ? Let
him shed tears for the poor white nan
of the Eaat and West.
According to the Boston Traveller, a
fragment of the Republican party is
abont to advooate a wholesale endorse
ment of States Rights.
Some say the laid freight lines stqrad
the present workingmen’s strike; others
blame the trades-unions; and others
again curse Shkkmax and his contraction
policy.
Something ia radically wrong in the
system when the gantry tfrat boasts of
its ability to supply the world with food
contains hundreds of thousands of men
and women who beg their bread.
GEORGIA’S tONYENim
WHAT WAB HONK IN THE UON
YENTION YESTERDAY.
Varian. Kelatioa. Offered—The Bill, a!
Klhta Dlacaaaed sad Attended.
f Special to the Chroniok and Constitutionalist ]
Atlanta, J uly 23.—The Gonstitntional
Convention met this morning in the
Oapitol, at half-past eight o’clock, the
President, Hon. Charles J. Jenkins, in
the Chair.
After prayer the jonrnal of Saturday’s
session was read.
There were three notices to reconsider
the Franchise report, but whan the time
came they were all lost.
The Executive Department.
Mr. Toombs submitted the Final Com
mittee’s action upon the report of the
Executive Department Committee.
Jndlolal Ctrcalls.
Mr. Gignilliat submitted a resolution
making twenty Jadioial Circuits and
prescribing the time for holding Court.
Public Institutions.
Mr. Keller presented a minority re
port upon publie institutions.
Issuable Fleas.
Mr. Perry submitted a resolution to
validate issuable pteas where awards in
stead of verdicts were taken.
The Bill al Rights
Was taken np.
In the preamble Mr. Nat Hammond
moved to snbstitate “relying upon”
instead of “through the protection
and guidance of” Almighty God : trans
posing the clause so as to read} “We,
the peopleof Georgia, relying upon, etc.”
Adopted.
Mr. Wright offered a resolution strik
ing out the word "that” in the first liue
of the first section. Mr. Lewis propos
ed that the same word be stricken out
in the second line of the same section.
Adopted.
The resolution of Mr. Abda Johnson
to strike ont the word “magistrate” and
the words “all public officers” substitut
ed by Messrs. Harvill and Hill were
adopted, also the words “of the people”
inserted after the word “servants.”
Section 2 was adapted unamended.
In section 3, all words from “all” to
“resident” were rejected and the words
“oitizens of the United States” substi
tuted in 9 resolution of Mr. Mathews.
Mr. Bass substituted the word “them”
for “legislation” in line 3. Carried.
Mr. Tuggle substituted the word
“General Assembly” for “Legislature.”
Carried.
Mr. Wright moved to add a clause de
claring lobbyism a orime. This was
withdrawn to be introduced to-morrow.
Sections three and four were agreed
to.
Messrs. Matthews and Hill intro
duced amendments to section five to
prevent the proscription of atheists and
infidels. The former gentleman said
that as the paragraph now stood
this olaSs would be excluded for non-be
lief under the laws of Georgia. Any
one has the right to say : “ I will not
worship.” The fool had said in his
heart: “There is no Godbut the fool
haa rights to be respeoted and protect
ed. We should guarantee absolute
freedom of religions thought add senti
ment. Where beats the heart of man,
thought reigns and freedom is the quint
essence of thought.
Mr. Hill introduced nearly the same
olsnse as in the Constitution of 1865.
Mr. Nat. Hammond thought neither
was full enough, as it imposed no reser
vation against licentiousness. He intro
duced the two following paragraphs,
numbers 6 and 7, which were adopted :
Section 6. No inhabitant of this State
shall be molested in person and proper
ty, or prohibited from holding public
offioe, on account of religious belief;
bat liberty of conscience will not be so
construed as to excuse acts of licentious
ness or justify practices inconsistent
with the peace and safety of the State.
Seotion 7. No money shall ever l>e
taken from the public treasury, directly
or indireotly, in aid of any ohuroh, sect,
denomination of religionists, or any sec
tarian institutions.
A Wnll From the Bondholder**
A letter to President Jenkins from
John G. Crane, President of the New
York Security Company, was read. It
was a wail from the bankers and bond
holders North, burnt by repudiated
Georgia bonds. As the Finance Com
mittee had already submitted a report
to the Final Committee the letter was
consigned to the same committee.
Further Adoptions and Amendments.
Sections 6,7, 8,9, 10, 11, 12, 13 num
bers in tbe printed copy were adopted
unamended.
Mr. Key proposed an additional seo
tion here that civil authority be higher
than military, and that even in war no
soldier shall be quartered in spy hoqse
without the gopslpt of p civil magistrate.
Adopted.
Sections 14 and 15 agreed to unamend
ed.
Mr. Winn, of DeKalb, amended sec
tion 16, by adding “but the Legislature
may provide for imprisonment of per
sons failing to discover or surrender
property not exempt from levy or sale in
his control or possession.”
He said that a man after accumulating
money and taking advantage of exemp
tions pockets much money, and it is im
possible to recover. He proposed now
to protect the jntpraof; pf lepljafs After
the issue has joined in Qonu and the
jury passed upon it. He must be made
to deliver up property in his possession.
Guerard said that the Constitution of
1865 altogether favored the debtor, al
lowed him a liberal homestead, but did
not protect the creditor. It had been
said that the borrower was a slave to the
lender. It was now reversed. The bor
rower may now accumulate money while
lenders starve. people don’t refleot
that creditor* tpo nayjj wiypsand pnil
dren, This clause proposes no gr§at
hardship in imprisoning debtors, and
bodes no barbarous relapse. But if a
man in such cases has property he
should be made to surrender it.
The amendment, on motion of Mr.
Nisbet, was tabled.
Mr. Augnstns Reese amended by add
ing to section sixteen, “Except in fraud
ulent concealment of property over and
above legal exemptions. W
Mr. Hunt gaiq tfre law now secures the
creditor, ft issue be joined and judg
ment obtained, and if property is 1 not
surrendered the GWBPF jailed ff)F pon
tempt in opposing the process of the
Court, Hence additional legislation
was unnecessary. Bnt all this does the
creditor nogood, for if the debtor don’t
choose to.take the homestead he pockets
the money and there is no way to get it
out.
Mr. Toomba said : This is entirely
unnecessary. All the Convention is sup
posed to do ia to lay down the organic
law, leaving technicalities and partioular
cases to tfie Legislature. He moved to"
table the which Was car
ried. ‘ ' E. A. 8.
——3 ft T -
■lWf* ■* MIP CbUU OuetJ<p—The Bill of
Right* piacuaMd. 4mea4*4 and Adopted.
{Special to the Chronicle qrut Cqnstifnfignqtisf.J
Atlanta, July 24.—The Constitution
al Convention met in the Capitol this
morning, at half-past eight o’clock, the
President, Hon. Chas. J. Jenkins, in the
Chair.
Motions td reconsider sections agreed
to yesterday were tabled.
The Capital.
T'U . I
Mr. Lewis submitted the majority and
minority reports of Capital Commit
tee. The majority make no reoommen
dation as to &a location, bnt after raf
ting forth the ampjjnt jara done
for fjie pagitafr ffyf>rs a clause embodied
in the Constitution fifing a location.
The minority fayors atfbnqitf jng tq the
people u s separate measure, Both re
ports will be printed.
The Bill af Right.
Was resumed. Section 16 was agreed to.
Mr. Wright submitted a clause on lob
bying.
Mr. Hassell agreed as to the impor
tance of declaring it orime, but thought
definition of tbe term should be left' to
the Legislature. Thus amended it pre
vailed and follows section two.
Mr. Gartrell farther amended the new
section, adding: “ And the Assembly
enforces this provision with suitable
penalties.” Canned,
iST ftr !r JwMrpjsi3t/-3e.taa
from the creditor.-’ qotyefbiug similar
was introduced yesterday, but he was
glad it did not pass. The section pro
hibiting imprisonment for debt should
stand unamended, bnt it is evident that
farmers and mechanics, whose property
is easily seized and levied on, would not
be on an equal footing with bondhold
ers, who locked up property in vaults.
Some men even boast that they have
money bat don’t intend to pay their
debts. He wished to provide means to
affect this class by process of law.
Adopted, and the aeotion thus amended
read.
Section eighteen was amended by Mr.
Wilson. The word “neither” before
the word “ banishment ” and after the
word “ State ” the words “or whip
ping,” and the word “ not ” were
erased.
The motion to forbid capital punish
ment as one of the usages of barbarism
was overwhelmingly lost, amid laugh
ter.
Section eighteen was agreed to as
amended.
Section nineteen was amended by Mr.
Ellington, striking out in line oue all.
the words save the last four.
General Toombs moved to strike out
all from the word “but," line 2, this be
ing calculated to encourage carrying
concealed weapons.
Mr. Warren, of Chatham, opposed it,
and the amendment was lost.
Section 19, as amended, was agreed to.
Mr. Mynatt moved to amend section
20, striking out “entirely” after the
word “evidence.” This judging of the
law and facts, he said, created much
oonfusion. The Judge was required to
know the law, yet how inconsistent to
make juries ignorant of law judges
thereof. So great will be the confusion
that the guilty will escape and the inno
cent be punished. No such a law
should prevail. The jury is the great
palladium, but the finding of facts is all
that is necessary. If made judges of
law they should study and learn law.
The Court should perform its func
tions and the jury theirs. In cases of
appeal to the Supreme Court he didn’t
know whether the jury acted on law or
facts.
Mr. Little said if the jury were right
fully judges of law so that a man could
be entirely tried by his peers; otherwise
Judges so interpret law that the peers
cannot gainsay it. But now a criminal’s
fellow-citizens may judge whether or not
the law is right and fully expounded.
This is a great right from our fathers.
If we preserve it our liberties remain
intact; if strioken out trial is by the
Court and not by the jury.
Mr. Mynatt’s amendment was finally
tabled.
Mr. Gartrell added after the word
“facts,” the words, “ the power of
J udges to grant new trials in cases of
oonviction is reserved.” Accepted.
Mr. Augustus Reese, after the word
“oases,” substitute, “have right to find
a general verdict of guilty or not
guilty.”
Mr. Toombs said • The gentleman is
trying to make the Convention do what
it just now refused to do. The opposi
tion seems willing for the jury to judge
of the law in cases of slander, but not to
protect the life and liberties of the peo
ple. All jurors knew the criminal law.
At the expense of their lives you punish
them, under supposition that knowing
laws they violate them.
Mr. Reese did not agree with General
Toombs as to the precedent. Juries do
find speoial verdicts and Judges deter
mine offenses under them. He knew
that since the penal code of 1833 such
had prevailed and many times in Oc
mulgee Cirouit there would be no use
of having Judges if juries have the ex
clusive privilege to determine laws.
The motion to table Reese’s resolu
tion was oarried.
Mr. Hammond moved to strike out
the whipping olause, Oarried,
• Section twenty was adopted.
Mr. Guerard proposed a seotion to
follow this numbering in the printed re
port twenty-one, but in the revised and
amended report twenty-six : “No per
son shall be compelled to give testimo
ny tending in any manner to criminate
himself.” Received.
Mr. Tift offered the following, to fol
low section foqr apd flmnbgred‘a eeo
tion five : “Any person may prosecute
or defend a cause with or without an
attorney.” Carried.
Mr. Matthews moved to strike out in
seotion twenty-one, line two, all words
between “contracts” and “shall.’'’
Mr. Screven supported this. If irre
vocable grants were entirely prohibited
and charters of corporations revocable,
capital would be intimidated and enter
prise baffled.
Mr. Warren opposed these gentlemen.
There are oases where the State granted
privileges and when found naoessary to
revoke eould not do it. One enterprise
particularly being protected thus could
not bo desturbed when it ought to be,
because it bore none of the expenses of
the government. When privileges are
granted the State should retain authori
ty over them and reserve the right to re
peal. Corporations are growing too
immense ip power. The people should
retain this po>ver tor own preser
vation. \pe must Stand up to privileges
already granted, but hurpafter grant
none bnt what we 0n revoke when the
public demands it. If corporations fear
ed to trust the Legislature we had better
not trust corporations,
Mr. Toombs said: In 1833 the Georgia
and Central Roads were granted per
petual exemption from taxation, save
one-half per oent. on property. What
they have gotten, let them keep, be
cause we can’t help But
grant no qiqrp. Massachusetts first
cried halt ip [rrey'ocaple'grante. Nearly
every Slate in' the Union followed, New
York E}n<| ftennsylyanju notably go, Shall
corporation! of the people govern ?
With the people revenues are the life
of the State. Kill revenues and it
paralyzes the State. He wanted to
shackle any such measures which
favored corporations. As Jere Black
said, these corporators were “stick
ing long bony fingers in the
pockets of ohildren whose fatherg are
yet unborn.*: wah'.t quit the
State; why dPU’t it quiet Jjew. York apd
other’ States 2
Mr- Screven said i Only one State,
Illinois, has any sueh law.
Mr. Toombs: Yon are mistaken,
nearly all have it. Many have no re
gular constitutions, bnt have incorporat
ed it in revised codes. In New York it
stands there. Look at he* counts and
mannfaetqries. {n Pennsylvania it exists
the strongest of all, founded after fifty
years experience. ‘Society oan’t exist
with irrevocable privileges,
hfr. Matthews ; Tips [s a great ques
tion; aneetjug fu'tqre interests and the
good of posterity. .What weans this
clause, if it signifies that Georgia shall
never grant oharters to railoads ex
cept irrevocable ? It is not for the
good of the State. Unquestionably the
State has the power to revoke immuni
ties; bnt it is not wise to do so. There
is no question of vested right. The
Legislature may subject the property of
corporations (q taxation, the same as
the individual. Let them do it. But is
it wise to say that in future no enter
prise shall be encouraged by irrevocable
grants’
fftg popular
chord.
Mr. Toombs; But I am impressed
with tfie idea that lam legislating fnn
da?ptally tor w W.V
particular interest. Lets make the
laws auoh that the ship of State shall
oalmly sail for ages before it is again
necessary to lift her from the water for
inspection or repairs. Who would in
vest money under irrevocable oharters ?
I am not afraid to trust the Legislature
with my money, bat would trust no
man with the property of posterity.
Mr. Matthews;’ motion was finaly
tabled.
Seotion $i was finally agreed to un
amended.
Mr. Wofford introduced a clause for
bidding leasing oonvieth tfl bidders ana
providing foYyheir confinement id peni
tentiaries. He made a’long speech
teeming with blood, thunder and barn
comb and finally withdrew toe jewipfi.
Mr. Key'amended” section % insert
ing the word , am? between file words
and fine as
All the following sections to the last
were adopted Unamended.
Mr. Featherstone amended section 30
by inserting the words “after thereof,”
line 2, “when it may be necessary to
their safety and happiness, bat every
such right be exercised in nuraucnca pf
the law and of Bjdynited
On a motion to table, Mr. Hill called
the yeas and nays. The call wu sus
tained-yeas, 134; nay*, 48.
Mr. Reeee moved to strike oat the
words “and form of government,” lines
i and 3. He was opposed to infusing
political principles in toe Coustitqtipn.
This involved toe of dividing
the Government from its fonndatton to
the present amu He'believed the States
to have the right to oontrol the Govern
ment, bnt was opposed to patting this
in the Constitution.
This change was received, and seotion
30 agreed to.
Mr. Matthews introdnoed the follow
ing as an additional seotion, which was
adopted : “ The enumeration of the
rights herein contained is part of the
Constitution, but shall not be construed
to deny to the people any inherent
rights which may have hitherto inured.”
The Bill of Rights was adopted as
amended unanimously.
Motions Made to Reconsider—The I.obbrlsts
(Section—. The Bill of Rights—Corporations
and Their Chartera—Views of Prominent
Men on the Question—Report ot the Cera
uiittee on the Executive Department.
[Special to the Chronicle and Constitutionalist.]
Atlanta, July 25.—The Convention
met this morning at half-past eight
o’eloek, pursuant to adjournment, the
President, Hon. Charles J. Jenkins, in
the Chair. After prayer and the reading
of the journal of the previous day, the
proceedings were as follows :
The Bill of Rights.
Mr. Guerry moved to reoousider the
Bill of Rights. He regarded this as a
sort of preamble which should be defer
red until the Constitution is adopted,
else the Convention would be embar
rassed. He wished, after reconsideration,
to table tbe subject.
Mr. Davis said all the reports had
beeu revised by the Harmony Commit
tee, hence he saw no necessity for recon
sidering the bill. The motion was lost.
The Lobby Section.
Mr. Mershon moved to reconsider the
lobbying section. Much information is
now imparted to tbe Legislature by per
sons calculated to judge and who would
then be determined lobbyiats. The
counties have a right to send persons to
look after particular interests during the
session, and this resolution, however
plain the motives in adopting it, militat
ed against these. What man with sense
enough to lobby offers a bribe before a
representative has shown the white feath
er ? Should it go to the world that
the Convention was compelled to prohib
it lobbyism, fearing the members of the
Legislature would be bribed V There
had never been a time when the Georgia
Legislature could be corrupted by lob
byists. The State oontrols its own
oounoils and eleots inoorrupt men to the
Legislature. The representatives carry
in their right arms protection against
bribery.
Mr. Wofford was surprised to hear
this motion. We are assembled here
not ao much to make q new Consti
tution qs to throw checks and guards
around the other. How much of the
eleven millions of Georgia’s debt is iu
the pockets of lobbyists ? When Bullock
was routed and the Democratic
power enthroned we believed corruption
was crushed and bribery driven from
the legislative halls, but what are the
faots ? I say with regret and shame, as
much corruption is practiced as ever.
Money oontrols the Legislature now,
aud unless we put a stop to tbjs OUr
State is on the high read to rnin. Let
us flot like men and not be gronnd to
dust by taxation when the lobbyists
grow rich. How much money appro
priated by the House have, lobbyists
got, leaving a Capitol building unfit
even for felons 2 lp tfie name of hon
esty and purity of tlie State, let us de
mand a safeguard to this. It is a stig
ma, a reproach and a high crime. The
motion to reconsider was tabled.
The Whipping Prohibition.
Mr. Brown believed the action pro
hibiting whipping unwise. Crime is in
creasing, and oonviets become too nu
merous to be kept. He thought whip
ping might become necessary, and
moved to reconsider.
Mr. Gartrell didn’t believe that exi
gencies ever require the whipping post,
and moved to table the mhtitid to recon
sider. gafrjed,
Corporations and Their Charters.
General Lawton moved to reoonaider
the seotion for the substitution of ex
emption from taxation in lien of speoial
privileges not being irrevocable. The 1
mere granting of oharters to corpora
tions is itself a privilege, and suoh en
terprises, growing by public patronage,
should he taxed. Borne powers should
be irrevocably granted, but exemption
from taxation never, I am unfamiliar with
the Constitutions of other States, but
venture to say nothing is so broad as
this, without qualifications, exists there,
if this is adopted we never will have
another enterprise in the State, for no
hard working man wishing to invest
money, would trust the Legislature or
Convention, either, withoat.safeguards.
The State wjth her civilization is as
much indebted to corporations as to
anything else, and while preventing
them from encroaching on others wo
must protect therq against people aud
rivaUcorpovafiQng. Suppose at anytime
the Legislature should attempt to modify
the charters, Money unprotected will
he forced to protect itself, and
capital will flow to the legislative halls
and try to control the Legislature itself.
While, however, many grants should be
irrevocable, taxation exemption should
not be. Mr. Hammond was [pare con
cerned about this elapse, just now, than
anything pise. The gentleman from
Wilkes "said this was in many constitu
tions. Mr. Toombs, “Not always in
constitutions, but often in revised i
codes.” Mr. Hamipoud. '‘l understood
him tft argue that as it exists in many
constitutions so should it exist in our
organic law. Thirteen years has
it existed in the Code of Geor
gia that all charters are subject
to dissolution and never been te
pealed. I do not feel at liberty fa dis
trust the Legislature. TbOJ are the
repregmitetj?s p,f the people of Geor
gia, and paye a right fa da WtOilg if they
wish. •
Mr. Taovuhs then said the great
principle ia never to incorporate irre
vocable privileges in organio law. Great
corporations meet periodically to see
how much farther they can ruin pro
ducers. He stood by the people to pre
vent corporations ’Bluring them. He
would n' r ye put a doUaifin a joint stock
company, and would trust nothing to
the Legislature which he could fix by
law. Not a single road has been LqiH in
the State with its qftoital put what
made bqf tpe trouble fa they go
aprogd to their power, thus
abusing their privileges, When the
bonds of any road are due and they
don't choose to pay the interest, they
turn the road over to a receiver, who
finally turns it over to the bondholders
after repudiating everything. If you
don’t rule corporations they vU rule
you. Tbe law shoqld be king. The life
of corporations seems to be held sacred,
no matter what wrong they do. The
President and managers get rich, while
outrages are committed on all around.
Under this regime trouble will con
tinue till right is fy,V 'iaborer
and .asfiiw from corpora
tions. 1 General Lawton having taken
Chair, Gov. Jenkins said the power at
any time to revoke all privileges and
immunities granted teft toroafl and the
prohibition tqa sweeping.' It strikes at
corporations and at individuals com
posing corporations, who, being oitizens
of Georgia, are entitled to protection.
Mach prejudice exists against corpora
tions. It is a hobby which persons in
fluencing pablio minds frequently
mount. What are which
obtain in governments,
and updn* what ideas are they
founded ? Their great objects are
to promote the welfare of the State, not
to be accompUshed by single individu
als. Are we t<f day to strikg a at in
ternal at yailyoads' gt oa
-Bie*t enterpri
ses which individual capital and indi
vidnal management cannot asscKuoiishf
The State, in her
***'#,?*; Ppreoiffi having a
vast enterprise it yiew Ind form* them
into corporations, or, oqt of * number
°f fiWMW, forms an ar
tifMfil. PW vested with rights
and privileges commensurate with the
object to be attained. The Coarts with
out exception hold that a charter grant
ed by the State to a corporation is a con
tract between the corporation end the
State. Considering \\ as siioh, then,
what in the position here f Two persons
ate eontraeUhg ana only one has the
privilege 'of annulling any and every
provision of the contract, After the
other, perhaps true to the contract, ex
pends thousands to accomplish the great
object, tha other rises in its sovereignty
and says “I reserve the omilege of mo
difying and'abrogating this contract and
Ido it” Routes of railroad's, say, are
grided, long lines of' iron laid and roll
ing stock purchased, tip, tqp, with
manufactories. After the Company ag
gregates capitol and gets machinery,' the
State says : “We have changed our ideas
$2 A YEAR—POSTAGE PAID
| and abrogate your charter,” withdraws
its privileges at a single sweep, and
forces the company to remove snoh prop
erty as it oan to another State. It will
pat an end to industries and enterprises.
No prudent man will invest capital un
der a charter which may prove valueless.
Mr. Toombs—“But how does it work
in Massachusetts ?”
Mr. Jenkins—“l don’t kuow how it
works there. When such declarations
are made let proof be brought forward.
Men’s minds are sometimes treacherous.
I wish evidence to prove that ’tis so in
other States.”
Mr. Toombs reads an ext.raot*from
the Constitution of Pennsylvania.
Mr. Jenkins—“ That is anew Consti
tution adopted in 1873. I know that
railroad abuses in that State grew to a
large extent, probably for want of
wholesome limitations. However the
same Constitution provides that uo in
justice shall be done to corporations.
Pennsylvania was covered by a net work
of roads long before this was adopted,
they being constructed under a different
polioy. Pennsylvania is yet to learn
how a refusal to grant irrevocable char
ters will work. To refute my proposi
tion that this will paralyze industry, let
the gentleman go back twenty years aud
prove that burdened with this prohibi
tion they prospered. Tell me not of
those passed during the last few days.
I tell you the Convention is striking a
deadly blow to enterprise if it inserts
such a clause. Do yen think corpora
tions will invest money where the Con
stitution says the Legislature may an
nul the charters aud leave them ont
in the cold ? I don’t believe roads
ought be exempted from taxation. Then
put this in the Constitution. If there
be any other abuse bring it forward,
but do not say oue Assembly shall have
the power to annul a charter another
granted. Limit them in time, for per
petual eharters should nover be granted,
but do not say that irrevocable grauts
can never be passed. I could Say more,
but strength prevents my continuing
the argument,
Little’s motion to reconsider was
adopted—yeas, 94; nays, 90. He moved,
however, to table till the reports of the
Legislative Committee be brought in.
Judicial Circuit**
Mr. Harrell submitted reports re
ducing Judicial Circuits, whieh was or
dered priuted.
Executive Department.
General Toombs moved to take up the
report of the Committee on the Execu
tive Department, The report was read,
Mr. Hill moved to add two Counsel
lors of State, to be entitled '’Executive
Counsel,” who, with the Governor, shall
form a hoard of pardons. Tabled.
Mr. Dismuke moved to create a Lieu
tenant-Governor. Tabled.
Mr. Holcomb said the people did not
want new offices, but desired to take
away some already existing.
Mr. Haas moved an amendment fixing
the Governor’s salary at three thousand
dollars, changeable by a two-thirds vote
of both Houses of the Legislature.
By Mr. Harrell: To limit the salary to
$3,000 specie basis. He thought the
question of salary may as well come up
uow. One of the main points in oalling
the Convention was the question of.
economy. It is time to go back to the
first principles ot the good old times of
oiir fathers. Then it was #3,000, aud
was increased when eurrenoy was at a
low rate, *
Mr. Barrow: The gentleman says his
views are modified since ourrency oame
near a specie value. This shows that
no such provision should ooour here.
The same thing may again aoenr, as
ourrency is constantly fluctuating. His
tory repeats itself, and thd changes
wrought during the last twelve years
should warn us against fixing such an
inflexible rule. This Constitution may
stand a hundred years, and frqw many
changes may occur ? The present clause
of section 2 ia a yerlrjavim, copy of th' a
Constitution Of '4798. We will 4:o w see
hoy; much sincerity there * in the gen
tleman's wishes to *i> back to the good
old times of tLe fathers.
Mr. Hass: Tbe people demand a re
duction in the government’s expenses.
They have increased lately in inverse
ratio to the amount of wealth.
Mr. Wright was totally opposed to
leaving it to t’ie Legislature to fix the
Governor’s salary. Though there were
some good men in that body, aa an ag
gregate he had no reaped either for
their oapaoity or integrity. Mr. Col
lier remembered when the annual ex
penses of the government were less than
four hundred thousand dollars, and now
it was a million and a half. He would
commence at the head and reduce down
to the last man. If extravagance is not
checked the State will continue to get
poorer. Adjourned to be resumed to
morrow.
Tlie Home stead Exemption—How the Com
mittee Htnnds On tlie Question.
The following is the true status of the
Homestead Committee: Mynatt, Guo
rard, Longiuo,Tomlin and Barrow agree
to fifteen hundred aggregate in -specie,
all available except three hundred per
sonalty. Williams agrees, bnt thinks
the whole should be waived. Pieree
thinks the right to waive ahonld be re
stricted to some extent. Wells submits
substantially as by mail. Grier submits
a separate report. P. A. S.
AN IMPORTANT CAPTURE.
aut t C'ausht in Putnam County mid
Broiitflit Hack to Aunuata.
On the 7th of last October an old
negro named Jupiter Grant was killed
nearly opposite the Augusta Orphan
Asylum by a young man named Edward
H. Murph, Jupiter was on his way
home, in his little cart, when he was at
tacked by Mnrpli, who charged him with
stealing a chair while moving some fur
niture for him. Jupiter denied having
stolen the chair,)and Mnrpli commenced
to beat him. Jupiter retreated behind the
cart and pulled out one of the wooden
standards, whereupon Mnrph shot him
with q pinto), killing him almost instant
ly. Murph immediately fled. An in
quest was held over the body of Jupiter,
and the jury returned a verdict that the
deceased came to his death ftom a pistol
shot wound inflicted by Edward H.
Muujdb hilling being, in their opin
ion, murtter, The grand jury subsequent
ly found a true bill against Murpli for
murder. Governor Smith offered a re
ward of one hundred and fifty dollars
for the capture of Murph, and offer
of this reward was renewed by Governor
Colquitt in June laat- Learning that
Murph was patuaw county, Lieut.
A. M. Ykather determined to effect his
capture. Leaving Augusta last Tuesday
morning, he proceeded to Putnam
oounty and placed the warrant for
Murph’sarrest, which had been
Judge Snead, of Richmond Connty
Court, in the ox Rneriff Lawrence.
The (jWfo with another party, then pro
ceeded to’the farm of Mr. Latham, aig
' teen miles from Eatonton, wl\ero Murph
and his father were & ft, sharpening
gin saws, aqd effected the arrest. Murph
offered W resistance, He denied stren
uously having hilled old Jupiter. Lieut.
Prather brought him on to Augusta,
reaching the city yesterday afternoon,
and plaoed his prisoner in jail (p await
trial by the Superior Coqrt,
Lient. Prather disjjdflj ea much ability
and judgment in detecting Murph’s
, apd effecting his arrest.
SAD ACCIDENT.
A Youth Drowqtd n*val>o Mill.
Last Monday Frank Barney, aged
fourteen, was drowned in llnval’a mill
i pond, five miles from this city. Mrs.
Barney, Frank’s mother, has charge of
the girl’s department at the Orphan Asy-
I Into- ’ L.a*! Friday Frank left the Asy
lum, for the purpose of spending a short
time with £Mr. Rureb, one of nis rela
tions who lives near Duval’s. Monday
he was about the mill during the morn
ing. In the afternoon, about six o’clock,
two boys who went to the pond to t%fce
a bath, noticed Frank’s shoes cloth
ing on the bank, and as they conld see
nothing of him, concluded at once that
he was drowned, They raised the alarm
and- a prompt search was instituted.
The body of the unfortunate youth was
soon found and an inquest held by Jus
tice Mims. It is supposed that Frank,
who conkt not swim, went into, tffa pond
ito |take a bath, got beyund. his. depth
and was drowned, being near to
render aflsiwyiae.
X-** tunerai pi the deceased V**k place
Tuesday afternoon. Tffq Orphan Asy
lum ohildren in a body and
sang several bJMUft iq a moat affecting
of the grave.
Babies cry because they suffer;-and
the most reliable remedy for the relief
of their discomfort is Dr. Ball’s Baby
Syrup. Only 25 cents per bottle.
TERRIBLE ACCIDENT.
TRAIN WRECKED ON THE GEOR
GIA RAILROAD.
The Engineer Killed and (he Body Burned—
The Fla men l>efro3 the Train—Several
: Persons Injured.
, Yesterday afternoon intelligence was
reoeived in this city that a fearful ao
cident had befallen the up day pas
senger train whioh left here in the morn
iug. The train was composed of the
three regular coaches, viz ; the baggage
oar, the second-class car and the ladies
ooach, and three extra cars oontainiug
two companies of the Eighteenth United
States Infantry from Oolnmbia, S. 0.,
and their baggage, en route to Louis
ville, Ky. The whole was drawn by the
coal burner 0. T. Pollard, in charge of
engineer Each. Armistead and fireman
A. W. Streeter. Hon. John P. King,
President, and Col. S. K. Johnson, Sup
erintendent of the road,
Were on Board
Of the train. There were alun several
other passengers from Augusta. The
train left Union Point all right, but
three miles above that place, at a point
called Oak Grove, it met with a fearful
accident. Tlio train was running at
its usual rate of speed when it rau
into a drove of cattle and was instantly
wreoked. The engine was thrown from
the traok, and the haggage car, second
class oar and ladies’ coach piled upon
it. The engineer, Mr. Zaoh. Armistead,
was killed and his body consumed, for
the oars
Cn light Fire
From the engine almost immediately
and were soon wrapped in flames. All
•the baggage and express matter was en
tirely destroyed by fire. The Express
Company had very little in their *av and
their loss was consequently vory light.
A portion of the baggage in the bag
gage car, however, was very valuable.
Mrs. Eugene Ft Verdery, who was on
the train, lost her trunk, containing
clothing and jewelry. A gentleman lost
his trunk in whioh were a number of
bonds. We understand that he offered
Five Thoutmml Dollar*
To any one who would recover the
trunk from the flames, but the task
proved an impossible one. The entire
regular traiu was oonsumed and the
body of the unfertnnate engineer liter
erally roasted with it. The cars con
taining the soldiers and their baggage
were not injured. The firemaD, Mr. A.
W. Streeter, was painfully hurt. The
express messenger, Mr. Vincent Thorn
ton, and the news agent, Mr. John
Quinn, were also injured. Several of
the passengers were bruised, but none
were seriously hurt. They were trans
ferred to the down passenger train,
which returned to Atlanta. Passengers
coming this way were placed on one of
the oars which oarried the soldiers up
and an Athens Branch car and oarried
to a station dowu the road by a freight
engine. The oars were then attached to
the Maoon and Augusta train and
brought to the oity. AH
Till' Mall Matter
On the wrecked train was destroyed.
The loss to the Georgia Railroad will
probably amount to ten thousand dol
lars.
Mr. Armistead, the engineer who met
suoh a terrible death, was a young man
twenty-five years of age. He was a
first-class engineer.
•
FURTHER PARTICULARS OF THE
TERRIBLE OCCURRENCE.
The Body of the Engineer Found—Tlie (lend
and Legs Mlaaing—Who Were Hurt—Tlie
Road AH Right Now and Trains Running
on Schedule Time.
The Obboniole and Constitutional
ist, of yesterday Morning, contained the
main particulars of the terrible accident
on the Georgia Railroad last Tuesday.
The following are farther points of in
terest : i
The accident occurred in a deep cut,
which is also a curve. As the locomo
tive rounded the curve three cows were
seen on the track, but too late
to stop the train. The engine
struck the animals, and was turned
completely across the track. The
baggage oar followed pell mell, and was
literally piled upon the engine. The
second and first class coaches, were
crushed into the wreck, and the whole
formed a mass of broken timbers aud
iron. The engineer, Mr. Zach Armistead,
was probably killed by the baggage car.
His body was nearly roasted in the
wreck. The train oanght fire and the
baggage car, the second class car and
two first class coaches were oonsumed.
The fireman, Mr. A. W, Streeter, sus
tained severe injuries, his legs and arms
having been
Fearfully Scalded
By the escaping steam. The baggage
master, Mr. Callahan, was slightly in
jured. Mr. Vincent Thornton, the ex
press messenger, received some aevero
bruises about the bead. Mr. John
Quinn, the news agent, was also bruised
on the faoe and head. Among the pas
sengers, Dr. J. A. A. West and Mr.
Gouley, of Augusta; Dr, O. 0. Crawford,
of Atlanta, and an infant child of a lady
who got on the train at Crawfordviile.
were bruised, but- none were seriously
hurt. All of the passeDgers were badly
shaken aud tumbled about by the ter
rific shock Of the collision of the cars
against the locomotive. When the crash
was heard Colonel S. K. Johnson, Su
perintendent of the road, seized Judge-,
King, the President.
In 111 m Arm*
And rushed out of the car with him.
Mr. Streeter, the fireman, apparently
oblivious of his twn serious hurts,
rushed about among the passengers
calling out in tones of agony,“For God’s
sake aave my engineer.” Nothing could
be, done, however. The gallant en
gineer was beyond human aid.
Dr. C. C. Crawford, of Atlanta, of
fered five thousand dollars to any one
who would save hiatrnnk, which he said
contained valuable papers and twenty
thousand dollars in bonds. Finding
that the offer produced no effect he of
fered a United States soldier seven
thousand dollars if he would rescue the
trunk from the fire. The devouring
flames, however, had completely en
wrapped the baggage ear and nothing
whatever ouuld be done.
A lieutenant of one of .the United
States companies was badly bruised.
He waa in the second class ooach at tbe
time tbe aoeident occurred, conversing
with Major West. The latter gentle
man was painfully bruised on one of his
feet.
The United States soldiers rendered
EAcienl fterrlee
! After the accident, in aiding in the
transfer between the up and down
trains. None of the men were hurt, ex
cept the lientenant mentioned above,
and all of their baggage was saved.
Superintendent Johnson, who reach
ed Atlanta Tuesday night, says it was
one of the most terrible railroad acci
dents that has oecurred in Georgia, ac
cording to tbe Atlanta Constitution , and
considers it straDge that half the people
au the train were not killed or terribly
| wounded.
The body of Mr. Armistead was taken
from the wreck about five o’clock Tues
day afternoon. The head and the legs,
from the kite* down, could not be found.
Tha made up train, which brought
the Augusta bound passengers from the
scene of the wreck met with an acci
dent at the fifteen mile post. The
flange on one of the wheels of the engine
broke, and tbe locomotive ran off tbe
traek. The ears were carried bak to
No. 16 by the engine of the construction
train, and the other engine was jacked
up and moved slowly to the ar.me point.
The train was then coupled on to the
Macon and Augusta fast train aud
brought to the city.
The passenger*: on the up and down
night trains Tuesday night were trans
ferred at the scene of the accident. The
i down train, in consequence of the de
tention wbieh this necessarily involved,
did not reach Augusta until -10 o’clock
yesterday morning. The track was
cleared yesterday, and trains went
through on schedule train.
No possible blame can attach to the
railroad authorities for the accident.
It was just one of those things which
could not have been prevented.
OUu Ueawrallc Convention.
Columbus, Ohio, July 25.— The Dem
ocratic State Convention met to-day.
Tbe attendance ia very large. A tempo
rary organization was effected, the usual
committees were announced and the
Convention adjourned to 1:30, p. m.
Coitmwts, Ohio, July 25>.—The De
mocrats! nominated R. M. Bishop, of
Hamilton county, for Governor, on tbe
6i.b ballot. Joley W. Fitch was nomi
nated for Lieutenant Governor,