Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

Wbt toeeklij & Cmtstitafiimalfet OLD SERIES—VOL. ICII REW SERIES—VOL. LI. CJjrom'cle an& Sentinel. Wednesday, - august 22^1877. Horatio Allkn was the first locomo tive driver. m u m Sedess Taurus is the latest for Sit ting Bum*. “Mb. Pougo,” • gorilla, has succeeded Grant as the latest London sensation. Ip Maine will secede, nobody will try to whip her back into the Union. ItrasiA’ri wheat harvest is immense. No excuse for high prices of grain and flour. Abistarohi Bet, Minister of Turkey to the United States, is a Christian and a Greek The Czar and his suite drink 4,000 bottles of champagne per month, at $5 per bottle. Maine elects no negroes to office, but sqneals whenever the South imitates her in that respect. Robeson, late Secretary of the Navy, is wanted in Washington. Something about money disappearing. Packard was as bravo as a lion at the lowa Convention, but as meek as Moses when he heard about those twins. If the solid South would promise to vote for Jim Blaine in 1880, that emi nent demagogue would talk differently. Bishop Gilbert Haven got one pres ent in Libraria he did not bargain for— the malarial fever. He is dangerously ill. Blanton Duncan is “the brains of tho Kentucky Communo.” A fine speci men of a horny-handed workingman is B. D. m a Ben W r ADR admits that the Democracy will pretty soon control the Government, aud he sadly says the South controls the Democracy. —— The colored voters of Philadelphia swear that if some of their number are not put on the “perlice” force, they will bolt the machine. The spirit, of Edgar A. Poe is on tho look-out for the wretch who wrote “Leonainie” and imposed it upon an unsuspecting world. M ■ The London Fun puts it thus: “Brit ish interests—Two and a half to five per cent. —paid. Turkish interests—Twelve to twenty—promised.” Thirty-five hundred estates in Bos ton are advertised for non-payment of taxes, representing five per cent, of the real estate tax of the city. ~= sma Gail Hamilton wants to drag Carl Sohuhz down to Jim Blaine’s level. There are very few truly loyal men who have not feathered their nests. ■ Mbmemet Ali was born ill Magdeburg, Germany, but his father was a French man named Detroit. Perhaps ho is really old Zaoh Chandler in disguise. — An American named Biooar has been arrested in France for calling MacMa hon an ass. He is said to have consid ered himself a Biggar man than old Mac. Is old man Mott, of Columbus, really the power behind the throne? Appli cants for office had better cultivate Col. Mott, when he does not have n bad spell on him. Stoughton is to answer Jerk Black’s article on the Electoral Commission in the Forth American Review. The Lord have mercy on Stoughton if Jerf. gets in a rejoinder 1 Rev. Mr. Munson, Greenback candi date for Governor of Maine, is a Univer salist, and yet, on tho stump, “hurls to the deepest hells the authors of our financial policy.” Francois Blanc, “tho Prince (gam bling), of Monaco,” left a fortune of $16,000,000. His daughter married the Russian Prince Radziwill, and her dowry was SBOO,OOO. While Jim Blaine was howling ugaiust the solid South, the Democrats of Madison county, Mississippi, were loyally nominating a negro as one of their candidates for the Legislature. Colored men were amoDg tho dele gates to the Democratic Convention of Mississippi. A negro was among the nominees for Secretary of State, and Mr. Lamar voted for him. Smart man, Lamar. It is chargod by Paris papers that Euglish war correspondents get within wbont twenty miles of the front, pat up B t the best hotel, fill up with wine, and thi Mi hunt around for some Turk who ia w .Uling to tell a lie and swear to it. The World likens the construction of party p latforms in Ohio to the old ne gro's me thod of patting on a tight coat. First yon squeeze one arm in it and theu the other; t'nd then you “try to stand on your head and hab a general conwul sion.” The St. liouis Republican recom mends biennial sessions of the Legisla ture, and says Missouri has saved from $150,000 to £IOO,OOO annually by pro hibiting adjourned sessions and limit ing the Legislature to one session in two ye* re - Russell Sags says if he had shot everybody who had cheated him on Wall street, he would have killed at least one thousand men. He means that he would , have depopulated the street. Now let Mr. Saor tell the world how many time* he would have been killed, if his propo sition were reversed ? Mr. Dana shows that Robeson went to Washington eight years ago, poor and too glad to get the salary of a Sec retary of the Navy. He quit office rich, and is now a capitalist who can afford to invest forty or fifty thousand dollars in a bankrupt concern, the chief of whiob is on the high road to the peni tentiary. Hatti is a sample of negro govern meat left to itself. The President, Cason, favored white folks somewhat, whereupon the pore blacks have ris-n in rebellion and burned a portion of Porte au-Prince. General Solomon is the chief conspirator. His method is to let out the blood of whites and oolored, and have a pure black republic. His motto is, difference in oolor makes an irrepres sible conflict. General Solomon ia the Jot Blaine of Hayti. The St. Lonis Republican, combating the idea that Mr. Evarts should be al lowed to practice law while retaining his Cabinet position, nngallantly ob serves that it is a manifest misfortune that some of his girls were not boys, or that some of them have not found part ners to relieve this oppressed father of a part of his burden. One thing is plain, that the country ought not to raise the salaries of Cabinet offioers until it has tried some of the men of brains who have fewer women folks in their fam ilies. UEORUIA’S “REPUDIATION.” A dispatch sent from Atlanta to the Northern newspapers the day the Con vention adopted the report of fhe Fi nance Committee forbidding the pay ment of what are known as the bogus bonds has caused a good deal to be written concerning the policy of “repu diation” adopted by this State. The Northern press, displaying its nsnal ignorance of Southern affairs, preaches long sermons on the sin of repudiation, and discusses learnedly the character cf the bends which have been repudiated. Even the Philadelphia limes —a paper generally well informed—indulges in such nonsense as the following: It is all very well for that blatant blather skite. Toombs, to attempt to throw dust in the eyes of people outside of Georgia by claiming that Georgia merely seeks to escape post hel ium debts by repudiation, but it is not true. Among the bonds disowned are some issued long before the war, and, of course, regular, notably the Scott bonds. In more than one instance since rt construction has Georgia ac knowledged the validity of claims now re jected. By one vote the Constitutional Con vention has placed a stigma upon Georgia which half a century will not efface. Of course there is not a word of truth in the statement that “among the bonds disowned are some issued long before the war, and, of course, regular, notably the Scott bondß.” Not a single ante bellum obligation Las been disowned. There is no such bond as “a Scott bond” known in Georgia, or, to far as our information extends, in any other Southern State except South Carolina, where an Ohio adventurer named Scott was once Governor. In but one single instance has Georgia “ac knowledged the validity of claims now rejected.” Tlio Legislature of 1871-2, while disowning large issues of what are known as “Bullock bonds," recognized as valid and binding an issue of Macon and Brunswick Railroad bonds endorsed by tho State, but the succeed ing General Assembly reversed this ac tion and declared the bonds invalid. There is good reason for believing that these bonds were not legally issued, and that the endorsement had no binding force, but in view of the fact that pur chases, based upon tho action of the Legislature of 1872, were made by inno cent parties for value, wo think the State should have reimbursed the pur chasers. Of the complete justice of the other so-called acts of repudiation we have never had the slightest doubt. The State was not bound in law or in morals for the payment of the fraudulent paper. Tho dispatch published in the Chronicle and Constitutionalist this morning reports that the Herald has re ceived a cablegram from London saying: “Profound apprehension and anxiety “exist in the financial circles of London “with respect to the repudiation move “ment in Georgia and Virginia. This, “with the effects of tho railroad strikes, “threatens to be destructive of American “credit in Europe.” We do not pretend to aay how far the railroad strikes “threaten to be destructive of Ameri “can credit in Europe.” We do not protend to say how far tho railroad atrikea and the “repudiation movement in Virginia” justify the “profound ap prehension and anxiety which exist in the financial circles of London,” but if any portion of this apprehension and anxiety is the result of the recent action of the Constitutional Convention of this State, the fact does not speak well for the intelligence of the “financial circles of London.” The action of the Con vention last Thursday was neither a new nor important step. The fraudu lent bonds were repudiated fully fivo years ago, and from that time to this no man conversant with the fuels of the caso has ever dreamed that they would be recognized. In order to put them beyond the hope of revivifica tion by a possibly corrupt Genoral As sembly the Legislature, by a two thirds vote of two successive bodies, passed au amendment to the Constitution of the State prohibit ing forever their recognition or pay ment. This amendment was submitted to the people last May and ratified by almost a unanimous vote. It is now a part of the organic law. What the Con vention did last Thursday was simply to incorporate tho same inhibitory provis ion in tho new Constitution which is be iug framed. It may be true that this action will destroy American credit in Europe. We shall greatly regret such a calamity but confess that we fail to see how it is to be averted. But what ever may be the result in “the financial circles of London” of the “repudiation movement in Georgia” it is evident that the movement has not injured the credit of the State in the financial circles of America. The last issue of the Finan cial Chronicle quotes Georgia seven per cent, bonds as worth from 107 J to 108). As long as these figures are maintained we need have nothing to fear. The Con vention has prohibited any further in crease of the bonded debt of the State, and has provided for the creation of a sinking fund by the imposition of a tax which will produce one hundred tlious aud dollars annually. These measures will greatly strengthen our already good credit, and the “financial ciroles of Lon don” need not be astonished at finding Georgia bonds bringing more than the obligations of the United States within the next ten years. A WE>V KINK IN DIVORCE. Brick Pombrot has been married three times and divorced twice. He does not chew toliaoco, smoke cigars or drink of the intoxicatiug bowl, but he is delinquent in other ways, which more than counterbalance the virtue he as- Tim latest divorce of this noto rious rimow is rattier unrious. His wife grew stage-struck, after sis yeais of wed ded life. The husband remonstrated, i He declared that the positions which had to be taken upon the stage—espe cially the characters of Romeo and Ju- J lief, the latter of whieh she often as sumed—were incompatible, in his opin ion, with those which a domestic wife should S9sume. She resented the im putation, declared that ho was unreason ably jealous, mistaken in his ideas, and that she was wedded to the life of au ac tress, and never could leave it. He as serted that then she mnst leave him. She pleaded with him to no effect, and then accepted the alternative. The vexed question then was how to whip the legal devil around the stump for a separation, since none of the faults for which divoroe is usually granted, even in Chicago, could be alleged on either side, They agreed, however, to separate. While apart, ‘Mr, Pomerov hied him to a Chicago lawyer, who, for a handsome fee no doubt, poked about until he discovered what is known as the Poland bill, passed .1 une 23, 1874, and nosed oat the following ; Section HI. • * their respective counties <of Utah) shall have jurisdiction of salts of divorce for statutory erases concurrently with the District Courts. It is stated, in this connection, that the lawyer, looking over the act of the j Territory of Utah relating to bills of j divorce, discovered that section 2 de clared that the petition for a bill could be made by “any person who is a resident of the Territory, or who wishes to become one,” and in the same sec tion it was provided, among the causes for separation, that “when it shall ap pear to the satisfaction and conviction of the Court that the parties cannot live in peace and union together, and that their welfare requires a separation,” then a decree of divorce shall ensue. That settled it. The man and woman Pomeroy swore that they wonld “like to reside iD Utah” and began a suit for divorce in the Probate Court of Brig ham City, pleading that they conld not live peaceably together. The semi weekly local paper, circulating one hun dred and fifty copies, advertised this fact for one month. The suit, by con certed arrangement, went by defanlt, and Brick and Louise went their separ ate ways—she to the footlights and he to the “altar” with another woman. Perhaps Brick Pomeroy wonld be a better man if he occasionally deposited a “quid” in his month, puffed a cigar now and then, and looked on wine, red or otherwise, in moderation. He is famous for his temperance writings and speeohes; and yet who wonld take him for a model member of society V He ought not to swear that he “wants to live in Utah,” but go there absolutely—that is if Brig ham Young wonld let him do so. DECLINE IN SUGAR. The New York Tribune , of tho 9th instant, reports a heavy decline in the prices of all grades of sugar in the last two months, with no immediate pros pect of an advance. The Springfield Republican notes that the decline al luded to was fully 2 cents per pound in New York where the stocks are 40 per cent, in advance of ordinary accumula tions. This is a fall of S3O a hogshead. Heavy failures have taken place in Cuba iu consequence, and similar dis asters are looked for in America among large importers and refiners. It appears that a vast stimulus has been given to sugar production in places hitherto strangers to the growth or exportation of that product, and hence the collapse of the market. The consumers of sugar will be glad to know that this article so widely used has fallen in price, so that very poor people can procure it. Dealers can now afford to sell at more liberal rates, and they will of course keep pace with the demands of trade as well as custom. CIVIL HEKVICE REFORM. Gail Hamilton’s articles on Civil Service Reform may do no good, be cause they are from a Radical, Jim Blaine stand-point, which strains at Hayes and swallows Grant, still there can be no doubt that abuses in the Civ il Service ara monstrous and need purg ing. But no one outside knows how difficult it is to reform anything Grant made chronic. We are told, for exam ple, that, some months ago, a quiet ef fort was made in ti e Treasury Depart ment to get rid of incapable and useless officers, but Secretary McCormick says that when the poorest officers were reached and set down for disoharge it was found that they had the most polit cal influence, and when any of them was touched it raised such a howl that Sherman could not remove them with out antagonizing important and strong friends. If President Hayes and his party oan not cut this Gordian knot, then it is a confession pure and simple that the best Republican Administration is pow erless to uproot and extirpate the shame ful regime of his predecessor, who is now jnnketing over Europe and receiv ing plaudits while his country is dis graced and menaced at home. If, then, as Mr. McCormick shows, tho Secretary of the Treasury is obliged to keep a number of worthless officers in his em ploy for fear of bringing down upon him the wrath of leading Republican politicians, it is plain that there will be no genuine Civil Service Reform until the Democracy regain power and, in the expressive idiom of tho day, “bounce” John Sherman and all his kindred. The “Parseo merchant,” J. S. Moore, has a sinecure in the Now York Custom House. He holds on to a fat office by furnishing useful information to Con gressmen of both parties. Garfield says he never, of late, could get any Democrat to define the princi ples of his party. When Garfield de fines his principles, an ordinary Demo crat would not be far wrong in going in the opposite direction. Jay Gould now has a fighting man, who accompanies him always. He is a gigantic Italian named Mobosini, lately a book-keeper of the “king.” A set-to between the Garibaldian and Major Se loveb would be interesting and instruc tive. The Macon Telegraph thinks the Rus sian campaign an irredeemable failure, unless General O. O. Howard shall be appointed to supreme command of the Czar’s troops. Well, let him try it. A “Christian soldier and statesman” ought to be one too many for “unspeakable Turks. ” Rev. Dr. Falconer, in a sermon at St. Louis on the strikes, said: The capitalist says: “Labor is plenty, no matter what the came. If I can hire a man for ninety cents a day I have a right to dy it, and should be protected in that right by the Govern moot, no matter what my profit is, and no matter what the resell to the workingman and his family." Let us see about thft. In the first plaeo, I defy a heathen to occupy a mere soulless position. It is the essence of selfishness, and never once breathed the spirit of Christian ethics. If the Doctor insists on that doctrine he will harp to turn many a man out ol church. One of the Ippal papers puts the case personally thus: “If the poctor goes to the n arket he buys at the mar- j ket price. He would laugh at the man jrlio would ask §2 a bushel for potatoes while he could buy them at the next stall equally good for sl.’’ This retort i would seem to exemplify the old saying j ! that “religion is religion, and biz is biz,” The beet explanation of the term “waiering stock” is made by one of our Western exchanges, which shows how Vanderbilt performed that operation, thus: Two companies from Buffalo to Erie were consolidated by Vanderbilt in 1867, increasing their capital from $2,800,000 to five million*. fa the sub sequent consolidation to Chicago, one million was added to this. The road from Erie to Cleveland had in the pre vious six years divided 120 per cent, in stock, 33 per cent, in bonds, and 79 per cent, in cash. Costing less than five millions, it was now consolidated at twelve millions. got con trol of the road from Cleveland to Tole do in 1866, and then made a scrip divi dend of 25 per cent, on five millions. The roads from Erie to Cleveland and from Cleveland to Toledo were consoli dated in 1867, on a basis of twenty-two millions capital. In 1869 the work of consolidation from Buffalo to Chicago was completed, on a basis of fifty-seven millions, which, in 1871, was increased to sixty-two millions, with the further privilege of increase to seventy-three millions. The Vanderbilt line from Buffalo to Chicago unquestionably rep resented at least twenty millions of ficti tious capital, on which he is oollectißg dividends by taxing the people and op pressing his workmen. AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 22, 1577. MOSES IN THE WITNESS BOX. SOUTH CAROLINA’S EX-GOVERN ORMAKING A CLEAN BREAST. Documents Produced From a Secret Draw er That Implicate People Heretofore Unsuspected A Judge's Discomfiture— The Debt—Will the Disclosure), be .Support ed < f Letter to fhe Few York Sun.] Charleston, S. C. t August 5. —The Legislative Investigating Committeo has been hard at work striving to probo the depth of the mire which the Republican party left as an inheritance to the Hamp ton government. The task became so sick ening last week, however, that they bad to go home for a breathing spell. The In vestigating Committee has uncovered secrets alongside of which the already known criminality becomes compara tively trivial. Their sessions are secret, and, perhaps, rightly so. There is no State to reclaim now as when the Awn exposed Chamberlain. And if I were to write all I know I might blast reputa tions which are now unsullied, and which I sincerely hope may remain so until the end. The revelations show that the State Treasurers have received the bulk of the stolen income of the State since reconstruction. There was nothing which passed the Treasury mill which did not pay from 10 to 25 per cent. toll. The more rascally the job, the more the pay. Asa specimen of these disclosures, one man declared that he had a claim of $125,000, out of which, after paying all his tolls, he netted only $40,000, and then was well paid. The scope of this investigation has now taken in all the Governors, Lieutenant- Governors, State offioers, the old Su preme Court Judges, several members of the circuit bench, the officers of the Legislature, and many bankers, wealthy merchants, brokers, editors and law yers. Most of these revelations have been obtained through the testimony of ex- Governor Moses, who has opened his as tounding budget without sparing friend or foe. Already the cry has gone up from the stricken game, “Who would believe Moses upon oath ?” But this has been tried once too often. A distin guished Judge, hearing that lie had been implicated, demanded an immediate hearing before the committee, in order to clear his skirts. He denied emphati cally the statements made by the ex- Governor. The committee sent for Moses and confronted him with the Judge. “Governor, did we understand you to say so-and-so ?” “That is what I said.” “I deny it,” said the Judge, with great emphasis. The ex-Governor put his hand in his side pocket and drew forth a document, “Judge, is that your handwriting ?” The Judge wilted. Mo ses is prepared with the documents at every step to substantiate his assertions under oath, aud woe to those who rely upon this plan of discrediting them. These documents of.Moses were de posited by him in a secret drawer of his private secretary, which, during his ab sence from Columbia, was sold at auc tion, along with the rest of the furni ture, for debt. Upon his arrest he de termined to make a clean breast of all he knew, and informed the committee of the existence of these documents. Search was made for the secretary, aud it was found. Its owner did not dream of the bonanza which was hiddon in his purchase. Moses and one of the com mittee, assisted by a locksmith, after a very long struggle with the secretary, succeeding in restoring the documents to ligbt. The committee have charge of them. They regard the find as of so much importance that the doeuments are held as collateral security for the appearance of the ex-Governor to an swer any bills of indictment which the Court of Sessions may prefer against him. His individual bond, in the sum of $5,000, wiyiout additional security, was also taken for the same purpose. It is calculated by the Republicans, who ought to know, that during Moses’ Speakership and Governorship not less than $900,000 fraudulently passed into his possession from tho State Treasury. For this sum Moses has nothing now to show except these papers. He has been living in this city for tho last six months, and has been borrowing S2O, $5, and even $2 from his former friends, be sides doing something in the blackmail ing line. The first effect of their discoveries on the committee has been to make them favor a repudiation of most of the float ing indebtedness of the State, as honey combed with fiand. They have oome to the same conclusion as to a great num ber of tho consolidated bonds, which were funded under such circumstances as to place them upon the same footing with the floating debt, and entitle them to the same fate. This branch of the report will meet with strong opposition in the Legislature. It is understood that Governor Hampton and some of the State officers favor the adoption of the consolidated debt as it stands, as a beneficent policy for the credit of the State. Some of the leading members of the Legislature will take the same ground ; some will be personally or pro fessionally interested in doing so. The bondholders will find the Republican members open to conviotion (bribe is a harsh word) from the bondholders, and these members will very likely oppose the report in toto, on account of the Republican officials implicated in it. Many of the former members of the Re publican Legislature have come forward with statements that they were bribed by prominent Democrats to pass certain bills in their interest. They generally received their pay, they say, from Tim Hurley, who was a member of the Leg islature and chief of the lobby. The bills were certainly in the names of Democrats, who received the charters and aoted upon the privileges. Tim Hur ley has been summoned before the com mittee; but lip takes the ground that he acted confidentially as $n attorney, and will make no disclosures. This is cool for Tim, who never was admitted to the bar. Among the documents of Moses are papers implicating ex-Governors Scott and Chamberlain, Treasurers Cardozo aud Parker, and ex-Comptroller-General Hoge. Scott has retired to Ohio—it is sajd for good. Chamberlain is practic ing law in JJew }Tork. Cardozo is wan dering about the North, with a sick family and a twenty thousand dollar bond calling him to Columbia, but with little prospects of his returning except on requisition. Hoge is representing South Carolina in one of the depart ments at Washington. Parker is in New York in business. Neagle alone stands his ground in Colombia, bat claims to be bankrupt and nonchalant. Since writing the above I learn that so many leading Democrats) Fusiopistiq are im plicated in the revelations made before the committee, that an organized effort, having the sanction of the highest au thority, is being made to suppress the whole matter, and let the prosecutions already begun against the Republicans hang over them as an inducement to leaye the State and hush their mouths concerning their Democratic accom plices. Owing to tho fact that the local newspapers do not publish these revela tions, this may easily be affected, but the hill counties of the State will pro test against the compromise. WASHINGTON AND GQtpqp. The Hitting Ball C*Binlslin PreriJent Hayes anil the Workiug .Hen—Pmluifiaril ofidaho Endorses the “Poller.” Washington, August 15. General Terry replies to the Secretary of War that there is nothing at present which will prevent his serving as'a meui!? er 9 f the Sitting Bull Commission. He will, therefore, represent fiie War Depart ment on that Commission. Senator Morton’s Washington physician has been called to Indianapolis. Morton’s paralysis does not affect his face or mind. A special to the Philadelphia Times makes President Hayes say to a prominent Senator that he thought the workingmen should look lor protection and redress in the bosom of the Republi can party. He alluded to the workiDg men’a nominations in Ohio and said tfae bulk of them were made from Cin cinnati; bq as to catch ihe votes of Ham ilton Bounty, Ef-Qoy. gam Bard is here, en route for New York, to buy a new press lor the Pensacola Herald. He endorses the President’s policy, and says he don’t want a post office either. Purity, strength and reliability stamp the character of Dooley’s Yeast Powder as being pgr excellence the best of all preparations used to perfect and facili tate the process of baking. Leas than two-thirds ordinary quantity suffices. So strong and pure is this admirable ar ticle the most skillful housekeepers have learned to discard all others. Fbom all accounts Russian invasion is worse than Turkish atrocities. WHICH 18 IT * ANSWERED. A Mistake iu Authorship—Tbe Wrong Pig bj the Ear—An Unfortunate Victim Him to . Explain, and Puts in a Few Words for the Convention and Its Work—The “Chronicle and Constitutionalist” Never Stifles Debate on Public Questions. f Correspondence Chronicle and Constitutionalist] Atlanta, August 13.—1n your issue of Saturday, under the head of “Which Is It?” you seek—thoughtlessly I have no doubt—to hold me up to the public as the author of a paragraph which I never penned, and the authorship of which 1 wholly disclaimed when it was published in my letter to the Savannah Morning News, the disclaimer being the final sentence of the very paragraph from which you clipped the extract com mented on in Saturday’s Chronicle and Constitutionalist. If there is one vir tue that characterizes your paper above other papers in the State, it is that you never “sit down” upon any one without allowing them to “rise up” in your columns “to explain.” Iu the present instance, however, yon “sat down” in such haste that you “bounced” the wrong man. The author of that para graph is an older, abler and more dis tinguished gentleman than I can ever hope to become, and is, in fact, “wise in his generation.” Having lived in Augusta and enjoyed the intelligent and oultured society that is such a distin guishing feature of your beautiful city he has made good use of those valuable advantages. If you will refer to the Savannah Morning News of August 7th, in which my letter .appeared signed “Chatham” you will find these words attached to the paragraph which you have seen fit to attribute to my pen: “Of one class of men who abuse tiie Conven tion—and they are the most ‘loud mouthed’—a Chatham county member has furnished me a sample character, which I will use as the closing pragrapli of this hasty epistle.” Had you given me the benefit of this very plain state ment of fact in publishing the paragraph I should not now trouble you with an explanation. Ido not personally know wlio wrote the article signed “A Sover eign,” and cannot, therefore, consent to be placed in the attitude of comment ing upon him in so familiar a manner. “Then,” you reply, “why embody the paragraph in your letter?” Be cause it was written by a gentleman of honor and ability, in whom I have confi dence, and I heartily agreed with the main sentiment of the paragraph—that \ all the abuse heaped upon the Conven tion by outsiders (whether editors, cor respondents, lobbyism, disappointed office-seekers, or officials whose salaries or offices are to be reduced) would but serve to make it more firm and united iu its purpose to give the people that re lief from taxation which they have so long and so vainly sought from the Gen eral Assembly. You refer, in your com ments on the paragraph alluded to, to Judge Lochrane and Senator Norwood, and ask, “Which is it? Tell us, sage correspondent, and let us not burst in ignorance.” I shall not hasten my re ply from any fear that I entertain that you will “burst in ignorance.” But I will say, to relieve your mind, that I re ferred, personally, to neither of those gentlemen. Including them, however, with Hon. A. H. Stephens, Gov. Jen kins, Gen. Lawton, Hon. Jere S. Black, aud other eminent lawyers, who think (as I do), that certain claims are just, I do say that their combined influence could not convince the Convention that it ought to ignore the action of of past Legislatures, and the vote of the people on the bogus bond question, and again reopen the matter for compli cated and endless litigation. Having, with your peculiarly keen sarcasm, char acterized me as a “sage correspondent” (why didn’t you say catnip ), and “a man wise in his generation” (or his own oonoeit, perhaps), and stated that “the thing which baffles others offers no re sistance to his (my) powers of penetra tion,” it may not be out of place for me to add here a few paragraphs in regard to the Constitutional Convention, the defense of which, by my humble pen, has caused you to impale me in your editorial columns with a keenly pointed pen. I object to tho hasty and ill-timed abuse (not fair and deserved criticism) which certain correspondents, editors and others are heaping on the Conven tion, because the work of that body is still incomplete and disjointed. As well might a portrait be criticised before the eyes are added or the nose put in place, or a building commented on before its walls are np and its roof put on, There are, it is true, sharp poiuts in tho new Constitution, but when the committee on harmony and arrangement shall have taken the completed document and put its detached sections into proper shape, I think many of those now prominent projections will be found much less un sightly than they now appear. Again, the cry is raised that the econ omy of the Convention is "meanness.” Let us see about that. They commenced with the salary of the Governor and re duced it from $4,000 to $3,000, and it is called a shame and a disgrace to Geor gia. Is it so ? The present incumbent will cost the State about $12,000 the present year. Tfie Legislature spent some $2,000 in renovating and refurnish ing the Executive mansion, and the in surance, interest, gas and poal bills, etc., with the $4,000 in cash added, will reach about $12,000. But, you say, he does not get it all. That is not the question. What does the Governor cost the State per year ? This is the question. Now I agree with Messrs. Ingram and Hunt, that the State should sell the Executive mansion, pay tUe Governor SO,OOO (or $8,000) per year, cash, and save some $5,000 or SB,OOO. No man will dare to say, in these hardtfmes, that $3,000 and an elegant mansion, with its emolu ments, is not a good salary. “A cheap judiciary” is another erv, and fear is expressed that Chief Justice Warner will not have money enough to buy a black veil, Unfortunately for the croakers, this gentleman, who is the hardest worked Judge in the State (be ing compelled to write nearly every Sunday) himself declares that $2,500 is a sufficiently large salary for the Su preme Court Judges in these times, yet the Convention gives them $3,000. As to the Judges of the Superior Court, I can empty several benches in this State, and replenish then* \yifh older, abler and better Judges than now occu py them, at $2,000 per year, and the same is true of the State Home officials and clerks. From the Governor down, there is not a man among them who can “step down and out” to-morrow and better his position, Many of them, it is safe to say, could get no employment whatever. And yet these Judges and these officials and clerks, with some honorabfe exceptions, sit in the galleries or hang about the doors of the Conven tion and ridicule the representatives of the people, because they are bravely en deavoring to do their duty in this mat ter, withont fear, favor or hope of pecu niary reward. If there is any one thing disgraceful about the Convention and its proceed ings more worthy of condemnation than any other, it is the lobby that has sought to bribe, cajole, intimidate or bulldoze the members into proving recreant to their duty. A gentleman is 'defeated as Secretary, and the next we hear of him he sends a memorial from his county that if the Convention makes a home stead of over SSOO, the people of that count} will vote and wortf, to defeat the new Constitution at the polls. Promi nent members of the legislature rash here and, shaking their gory locks at the Convention, cry out, “If you dare to rednee our pay, ent off onr term of office, or infringe upon the domain of i legislation, we, yes, we will take the stamp defeat your work.” And yet, with all its present defect?; the Atlanta Constitution says put Atlanta in the new Constithtibn as the permanent capital of the State and the ratification oi the document “is assured.” Why, sir, “A Sovereign” may talk about “J*iat Ham mond, Gns Reese and Aleck Eawton” making a Constitution to “give universal and entire satisfaction,” but I tell you and yonr readers that one hundred and ninety-nine angels direct from Heaven couldn’t accomplish such a task in these days of poverty, extravagance aud mis rnle. One word more and I am done, as the preachers say. The work of the present Convention is unlike that of any pre vious Convention, and should not, there fore, be judged in the light of past his tory. They are compelled, because the Legislature has repeatedly refused to reduce expenses, to camber fhe organic law with details of legislation in regard to salaries and expenses. It is this— and this ttk>i}P that prevented an ad journment in fifteen days. The people demanded, the great mass who are not in office, who have no interest in fat jobs and convict leases, and don’t expect to have, that the Convention should make and fix these changes in the Constitu tion. Thank God there were over one hundred aud thirty-six members who dared to be true, who had the courage to resist threats besides, and the plead ings of interested parties and to carry out the reforms desired. These are common times. Labor and capital no are in deadly conflict, every industry is paralyzed, aud a crippled commerce walks with an unsteady step throughout the land. Congressman Kelley, of Penn sylvania, and Judge Lochrane rise np to explain that they predicted this state of affairs. Very well, but they are not the only prophets. Some three years ago, at his home, “Sandy Grove,” ex-Gover nor Hersehel Y. Johusou predicted very clearly in a conversation with me the present conflict, and that it wonld slow ly and quietly, after the first bloody as sault, spread itself over the entire land. Not only this country, but the countries across the ocean are gradually sinking under financial burdens which they can not bear, and unemployed Labor raises its gaunt and bloody hand against a fic ticious and demoralized Capital, that can give it no relief. The air everywhere is full of the odor of “repudiation” and “compromise” of bonded indebtedness; and yet, when a Convention of trnsty and experienced Georgians assemble to make a Constitution that shall save the people and State from shipwreck and ruin, when this financial oyclone shall strike them and her, the “dogs” of ex travagance, selfishness and public plun der are “turned loose” to bark at their daily proceedings and howl at their ef forts at retrenchment and reform. Iu such times there can be but one prayer —“God save the Commonwealth.” Sidney Herbert. CONDITION OF TIIE CROPS. Tlie Crops In Hnncnck County, On—The Groin and the Coltou. [CorrespondenceChronicle andConslilutionalist.] Hancock County, near Sparta, An gust 12.—Owing to sundry causes, both cotton aud corn crops are f ullythree weeks later than in former years. Some were not plowed sufficiently early to be work ed before the May drouth. Others not worked at tlio start thoroughly, owing to the caked condition of the land, while all have suffered largely from the excessively hot and dry weather, pre vailing now a month or six weeks, and which has “fired” corn two-thirds np the stalk, and is causing cotton to shed its fruit to an alarming extent. Again, and this is not the least of causes, du ring the earlier part of the season it ; oved a difficult matter to kill grass, 'liiongh it was worked often and well, still, as often as worked, a shower would come and practically “set it out” in an other place, until its hold in the crops was so secure as to call forth deep work to clear it, which very deep work has proved an injury when benefit was in tended. Grass has been “shuttle cock ed” from one place to another and has thrived on the process. Many farmers tell me it has taken more work to make this crop than any since the war, and as an evidence, the “layiDg by” did not take place this year until after the 4th of August, whereas, in the old time, the 4th of July “barbecue” used to end the crop making. Wheat crops were exceptionally large and of superior quality. Wo are begin ning to recognize the great importance of this crop, and I apprehend the time is fast becoming au era of the past when Hancock county farmers relied on other resources than their own good lands for bread, whether corn or wheat. Oats were a decided failure, so far as I can learn, though as there is likely to be abun dance of good fodder saved, large crops of this grain will most probably be planted another year. Recent copious raius have dispelled, to some extent, the gloom and heavy looks, which sat like boding storm banks on the brows of our honest farmers—the clouds are passing away, we see faintly “the silver lining,” and hope and trust the issue, thought that issue at present does not promise more than half a orop from any planting. Hancock County. TOOMBS ON CONTENTIONS. He In Opposed to Nominating Conventions. In his speech in tho Constitutional Convention on Friday last Gen. Toombs gave expression to the following views : “ Why ? You talk about representing the people; letting tho people do this, that and the other, and yet you hold your State Conventions and nominate your Governor with a parcel of delegates who may not represent the expressed will of twenty people in the counties. It is a scheme to defraud tho poeple. How to get around the people is tho rul ing principle in all snch organizations, aud they put this scheme in operation all over the State. They get up their county meetings in the Court Houses and get their friends to go aud send del egates up here. How do I know who they are going to nominate, and how am Ito be bound by what they do ? Look at this, gentlemen who are for having this thing done. They are preparing to defraud the people. You nominate these men while the people are at home at work, and if a man says he won’t be bound by it, aud that he is going to vote for somebody else, that he is going to vote for an independent, yqq bring all the power of the party and the press, and yon hound him until you virtually disfranchise him and ostracise ljim in the community. I have been to none of them for a good while. I have had noth ing to do with them because I did not think them proper engines to express the will of the people, and now you want to put the election of Judges to the people, so that you can get np your lit tle bands and nominate them, not by the people, but by these fraudulent conventions. lam opposed to it, sir, an am in favor of leaving the election with the Legislature.” COMMENTS (jN THE CONVENTION. General Toombs Disgusted Willi Its Works. [ Gainesville Eagle. ] Gen. Toombs has this to his credit : “I conld take Foster Blodgett and five niggers and make a better Constitution than this Convention will make.” That is true, for the General would control the party and his great brain would pro duce si model for all States'anfi Nations in after times. We have a startling statement from Atlanta. A gentleman, high iu public esteem and responsible for his utter ances, says that Gen. Toombs, on Mon day last, denounced the cabal of the Convention, and declared his purpose to stump the State against the ratification of the spawn of the faction. The Controlling' Elements \La Grange Importer. ] There are some roeu in the Conven tion who can scarcely let a paragraph pass withont making one or more speech es oil it, and offering an amendment. It is worthy of notice, too, that those speeches and amendments do not come from the best men iu the Convention— the men who have a State reputation. They do not come from Toombs and Lawton, and Jfat Hammond, Tom Sim mons, and that class of men. They are the outgUshings of the small fry—the county politicians, who do not reason and know but little. The men who make the most noise in the Convention are those in whom the people of the State have least Confidence.- Those who know least about making the ponstitution are the opea to bring forward ibe most things to be incorporated in it. A large portion of the speeches made in the Convention are made on subjects of which the speakers are very ignorant. DEATH IN THE FLAMES. Six Persons Burned to Dentil—Petroleum Hnd KeroMine- Pushing, L. 1., August 15.—Thos. G. and Frank W. Levally, aged ten and seven vears, respectively, werp burned to death near tfie ftivey Effiad Honae to i day. The father wfis lighting a fire with I kerosine, when the can exploded, Cincinnati, August 15.—A new oil well at Smith Ferry, Pennsylvania, com menced to flow Monday, throwing oil over the men working abont the derrick. The gas ignited from a blacksmith’s forge, and the men were completely en veloped iu flames. Two died in a few minutes, two oauuoj recover, and two more were Severely burued.' i ■ mi• Senator Hill’s Lecture on Fultb. [Atlanta Constitution.] Sunday morning Senator Hill dis cussed “Faith*? to a parlor fall of inter ested listeners at fifew Holland- His remarks werp beautiful, and snowed a deep and careful study of the subject. The talk was greatly enjoyed by a num ber of cultivated ladies and gentlemen, and it will not soon be forgotten by any who heard it. GOULD AND KEENE. THK SCORE THAT SELOVEK PAID OFF. Why Jay Could Was Dropped in an Area— Telegraphic Magnates—The I'alll'ornlniis Who Don’t l.lUe Gould’s Wavs—Bulls and Bears Dancing oh the Wires. [Special Correspondence of the Times.\ New York, August 6. —The peculiar behavior of Wall street in time of strikes, putting up stocks which are themselves panic-strickeu, culminated the other day in an obsoure operator whipping Jay Gould. Nothing olse hap pened but the whipping. Gould was on top even when dropped down an office area. His flogger was smashed like Rawdou Crawley by Becky Sharp, even in the attitude of belligerency. Gould had nnshouldered himself of a quantity of unprofitable stocks and had bid in better stocks, which his confederates were “bearing” or putting down. There seemed to be nothing else to do but to lick him, and that made no difference. Gould was a little scared, but it did not affect his programme. Who the SeloTf"** *Ar* ; The day after Jay Gould was assaulted by “Major” Selover 1 called on James Keene, Sol over’s principal, at the West End Hotel. The Selover family is of not much financial consequence. They will probably survive a few years in history as the placers of the Emma Mine on the Lon don market and the succeeding ruin of the reputation of General Schenck. Having put that mine on the market, and, by Sehenck’s endorsement of it, having given it a lofty value, the Selo vers and their friends, solely conscious of the Emma Mine’s weakness, began to sell the stock short iu large blocks. Of course it fell, and they pocketed the dif ference. There are two Selovers—Jim and the Major. They control the Gentile news paper at Salt Lake City, or did control it as long as they were manipulating Utah mines. Three-fourths of the fuss for the Inst six years against the Mor mons was their connection. If they could not have everything their own way in Utah they deluged the East with tales of Mormon atrocities. Jim Sel over, when sober, is an agreeable man, “Major” Selover has a very poor reputa tion on the street. He is said to be guile his brokers into buying or selling stock “on joint account.” If there is a profit he getß his half without risk; if no profit or a loss, he does not come for ward with his oheck. Such a man re ceives very little sympathy when he whips a little fellow like Gould, “Ma jor” Selover ranks in Wall street as a blowhard. He is a red-whiskered man, very much down in the mouth when down. Three years ago he figured in a campaign against Western Union Tele graph—a stock very assailable because of its large capital and the few formid able men like Morgan and Vanderbilt behind it, and also because of the ease with which opposition lines are built. It costs but little above SIOO a mile to construct telegraphs through a virgip wooded region. General Eokort told me, if I remember well, that for $lO6 a mile he built the Atlantio and Pacific Telegraph from Louisville to New Or leans. Jay Gould, bad as his reputation is at the present time, is a conservative capi talist. He owns the only railroad be tween the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, except at Panuma. His ambition and desire are to keep that property up to a dividend-paying figure. Everybody pre dicted that it would break him, but by retaining great legal counsel nnd having an inherently strong case Goqld won two great suits for his rights in the railroad, and meantime squelched his enemies in Pacific Mail, the only active rival to his railroad. He got a judg ment against the Mail Company for moneys advunoed, etc., and made them pay him about $3,000,000 from an empty exchequer. This loss crippled the company and virtually threw it out of competition. Gould has inexhausti ble resources, both pecuniary and legal. His wealth is believed to be underrated. His audacity is startling. He pays for information moro than the elder Ben nett ever paid for news. He works night and day, and is the only man to whom the street phrase does not apply, that “early information and a large bank account will burst anybody.” fteciiftta Arrival on tlie Streef. Keene came to Jfew jforfc with about two millions of dollars, made in assault ing the Bonanza mining stooks of Cali fornia. He produced the panic which flattened out all speculations on that side. Born in England, he came to America when a boy and showed obsti nate qualities as an operator. He is a slight man, bine eyed, with a large au burn moustache and a clear, natty look, out of health most of the while. He was induced by Major Selover aud other Californians to halt awhile in New York and began speculating through the house of Samuel Bocock. At that juncture a bull campaign was put up by Sam Mills, the most substantial man on the street, and assisted by Frank Work and others. Keene applied tq be lpt into that pool. When apprised of i(s extept and con duct he brought about a union with Jay Goqld through Relden and Cohen, two middlemen, Mills 4 Cos. were “double banked," or sold out, and Keene made another million, through Gould’s assist ance. Then Keene essayed a general bull campaign on his own account, asso ciating himself with Russell Sage, Selo ver and others. He found Jay Gould not inclined to enter into it. Gould departed for California to look at his Union Paci fic Railroad. In his absence K eene mani pulated the control of the Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph out of Gould’s hands. Gould had built it, spent his paoney freely to kpep it hnfl qsec} it (p break down telegraph rafp@, so sa" *0 “bear” Western fjnibn Telegraph, of which he was short. Seeing that Keene was pos sessed of bis line Gould felt ugly. He quietly slipped the telegraph stock off on Russell Sage and Mr. Keene and loaded them up with that onerous and unprofitable responsibility. Neverthe less, he did not betray his owp plans, and silently associated himself with the Western Union interest 'and began to take up Western'Union stock qs it was offered. Comm o d°ro Garrison also let himself out of Atlantic and Paoiflo Tele graph. The great railroad strike came off, and Gould was short of stocks gen erally. Keene and Russell Sage were loaded up. These men and thair unim portant coadjutors had to hold the wholp market up. Gould affected giye a little assistance, hut really hold lip the only stock pf which they ’were' short— Western fin ion. 'Selover, Kepnp qnd others' traced Spypral bJpPak of this stock t° Relden -Gould's broker. Then they saw their infirmity. They were loaded np with Rock Island, St. Paul preferred, Northwestern, Lake Shore and Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph. To support all those stocks they had to put their hands in their pockets and b/uy. i Selover soon went under and attacked Gould with his fislg. ' “I mpaut 'to break his back on that area railing," says Selover, "but he slip ped through and saved himself.” The same day Selover made the at tack Western Union went to 75. Mr. Gould changed hi ß residence from Mon mouth Reach to Irvington, North river, either rCaffy or tfresumptuorisly to get near Hr.' William Vanderbilt and Mr. William Orton. tfce Long Branoh crowd of brokers were left disconsolate. They possessed control of a telegraph which oould not earn a cent, and whose President, General Eckert, was a pro tege and creation of Jay Gould. It was marked down already to seventeen cents on the dollar. Gould had deserted the mere band of operators and had joined the select coterie of investors arid; capi talists. He bad ruthlessly abandoned his own creation and favorite wrecking com pany and got rid of millions of burcfen. He had pulled kiftsety W, or pulled down to b'e leyef the richest and least unpopular of great capitalists, the Mor gans, Vanderbilts, etp. Hia own rail road wag oqt of danger and he had no great expense account to continue. Mr. James Keene is therefore left solely de pendent on the equity and candor of Mr. Russell Sage, tho old fox of opera tors. When Sage lays his own load gently on Keene’s shpuiqers Ana says; “Mv dear fallow, from tfie seating sun, carry it awhile undividedly,” that mar ket will be as' heavy on Mr. Keene’s shoulders as the sky pressed m ihe tail of Chicken-Little in Rio story, TbjS the tong account'of years finds Goiua still the Admirable Crichton yl operators ; it finds Mf, v-ander hilt more uhOertaio of the great estate eptailed upon him than be had ever believed possible, Mr. Vanderbilt is nothing more than a man nnder obli gations to that same Gould whom Com modore Vanderbilt repeatedly denounc ed as a scoundrel, looking his char acter. What now is to become of the new telegraph line, strytyhydlput yes- $2 A YEAR—POSTAGE PAID terday to New Orleans, and sending dis patohes every way for twenty-five cents a message? That Atlantio and Pacific Line is now Keene’s and Sage’s not Gonld’s. It can earn no dividends at existing rates. If it puts up tho rates Western Union puts up rates also, and more readily earns a dividend, and so appreciates a stock of which Mr. Keene and Cos. are short. Only two weeks ago Keene and Cos. were propping np the market with a report that these tele graph companies were to be consoli dated. It is now certain that such can not be the result. Therefore, the littler oompnny must languish ou, heedless, parentless, a mere estray, until Jay Gould brings claims against it for money advanced, saddles it with judgments anil seizes the property. Such. j for the pres ent, is the result of telegraph competi tion in the United States. Gath. GEORGIA ANTIQUITIES. An Ancient monument Itevisileil. [For the Chronicle and Constitutional i.<| Near the close of n Spring day in 1776 Mr. William Bartram, who, at the ro request of Dr. Fothergill, of Loudon, had been for some time studying tbe flora of Carolina, Georgia and Florida, forded Broad river just above its conflu ence with the Savauuab, and became the guest of tbe commanding officer at Fort James. This fort, which he describes as “a four-square stockade, with saliant, bastions at each angle, mounted with a block house where are some swivel guns, one story higher than the curtains, which are pierced with loop holes, high, and defended by small arms,” was situated on an eminence in the forks of tho Savannah and Broad, equidistant from those rivers, aud from the extreme point of land formed by their union. Fort Charlotta was located about a mile below, on the left bank of the Savannah. Tho stockade of Fort James was an acre in extent. Within this enclosure were a substantial house for the commandant, officers’ quarters, and barracks for the garrison consisting of fifty rangers, well mounted, and arm ed each with a rifle, two dragoon pis tols, a hanger, a powder horn, a shot pouch and a tomahawk. For a distance of two miles the penin sula above the fork was laid out for a town called Dartmouth, in honor of the earl who had exerted his influence in procuring from the king a grant and special privileges in favor of the Lillian Trading Company of Georgia. For the defense of the territory, knowu as the New Purchase, and containing some two million acres, had this fort been erected aud maintained. Dartmouth never realized its early ex pectations. After a short and feeble existence it gave place to Petersburg, which, during tho continuance of tho tobacco culturo iu Georgia, attracted a considerable population, and was re garded as a plaee of no little commer cial importance. Attended by tbe polite surgeon of the garrison, Bartram made an excursion up tie Sayannah river “to inspect some re markable Indian monuments” four or five miles above the fort. Of them bo writes as follows : “These wonderful labors of tho ancients stand in a level plain very near the bank of tho liver, now 20 or DO yards from it. They consist of oonical mounts of earth, and four square terraces, eto. The great mount is in the form of a cone, about forty or fifty feet high, and the circumference of its base two or three hundred yards, en tirely composed of the loamy, rich earth of the low grounds; the top or apex is fiat; a spiral path pr track leading from the ground up to the top is still visible, where now grows a large, beautiful spreading red cedar (Juniperus Ameri cana); there appear four niches exca vated out of the sides of the hill, at dif ferent heights from the base, fronting tho four cardinal points; these niohes or sentry boxes are entered into from the winding path, and seem to have been meant for resting places or lookouts. The circumjacent grounds are oloared and planted with Indian corn at present, and I think the proprietor of these lands, who accompanied us to this plape, said that the mount itself yielded above one hundred bushels in one season. Tho lands hereabouts is indeed exceeding fertile and productive.” Unable satisfactorily to determine the procise object the aborigines had in con templation iu the oreotion of this strik ing monument, ho hazards the conjec ture that (ho Judians formerly possessed a town on the river hank, and raised this mount as “a retreat aud refuge in oase of inundations, which are unforeseen, and surprises them very suddenly Spring aud Autumn. What were the uses of tho smaller elevations he does not suggest. Wishing to note the changes which might have occurred during the past hundred yearn, we visited these tumuli a few Weeks since. Tho attendant mounds—which are mainly grave mounds—had been materially wasted by the plow share and the influences of the varying seasons. The tetragon terraces had lost their distinctive outline, and were little more than gentle elevations; their surfaces littered with shreds of pottery and flint chips, and occasionally with fragments of human bones. Fresh ets had sadly marred tho level of the adjacent space. Overleaping tho river bank, the turbid waters had carved deep pathways in the surface of the valley on both sides of the “ groat mount.” There if remained, however, wholly unaseoted by these unmmal cur rents, It had evidently suffered no per ceptible diminution in its recorded di mensions. The Savannah river still pur sued its long established channel, but, “the four niches o;> spayg, bows," if they formerly existed were entirely gone, and of "titf spiral path or track leading frMl the ground up to the top ” wo could discover no trace. On the south a road way, about fifteen feet wide and com mencing at a point some distance from the base of the mound, leads with a re gular grade to the top. This manifestly furnished the customary moans of as cent, as the sides ry too precipitous for convenient climbing. This feature seems to flavy escaped Mr. RarUram’s observa tion. Not V.ayjPfi been cultivated for many years, the apex and sides of this trun cated cone are now clothed in a luxu riant growth of trees and swamp cane. Attired in such attractive garb, this tumulus forms a marked object iu the profile of the beautiful ajij fertile valley from which it springs. Proofs °f long occupancy by the of (tie adjacent territory are abundant. Ancient burial places, the si tea of old villages, traces of open ftif work shops for the manufac ture of implements of jasper, quartz, chert and green and soap stone, refuse piles, and abandoned fishing resorts are by no meaus infrequent along both banks of tbe Savannah river for many miles. Upon the advent o* the Euro pean the mvn l \n?ikcnnt valley was found and m ” cultivation by the red inw who here had fixed abodes and Were associated in considerable nunr\" bers. The Southern tribes, in the six teenth century, largely upon maize, pumpkins and melons. Theae they planted, tended anil harvest ed regularly. Of their agricultural : labors at the dawn of the historic period we have full accounts So augqst are the proportions of this largest mound that we are persuaded it rises beyond tho dignity of an artificial plaee of retreat, elevation for chieftain lodge, or mound of observation. It ap pears entirely probable that it was a temple-mound, built for snn worship, and that it forms one of a vmll ascertain ed series pf similar struct arcs still ex tant within (he. limits of the Southern , These Florida Tribe a, as they were called in the days af jheSoto, wor shipped the and were frequently engaged iq the labor of mound build ing. Gver them ruled kings who exer cised powers well nh despotic. Often were the concentrated labors of the na tion directed to the accomplishment of allotted tasks. Hence, within the terri tory occupied by these people, we find many traces of early constructive skill of unusual magnitude. The material employed yu, erecting this large tumulus differs from the soil of surrounding Bottom. It is a dark eolored, tenacious clay, while the surface of the valley is covered with a micaceous loam readily dissolving into an almost impalpable powder. Near by , ore no'trapes of pits or excavations. Nor are there indications that any earth was scraped ud ground the base. These fqcts afforded confirmation of the state- I rnent made by the present owner of the plantation upon which these tumuli are located, that the big mound had been built with clay brought from the Caro lina aide of the Savannah rivet. There clay abounds; and we were informed that in the side of the hill immediately opposite the. excavations may still be seen whence the tough material was i obtained for heaping up this mound, There being no boat a( baynl we were unable to cross the river aud make a personal examination of the locality. No monuments are more enduring than these earth-mounds. They are, under certain conditions, almost indestructible by time. Some we know have retained their identity for more than twenty-five hundred years, so ancient are the cir cular barrows near Sardis, in Asia Minor. In the Western World we oil counter tumuli so old that iu the effort to ascertain their probable age wo are lost in the mazes of a remote an tiquity. One hundred years ago Bar tram regarded this pile as an ancient wonder, “worthy of every traveler’s no tice.” Unless undermined by the swollen waters of tho tawuy-bned Savannah, it will stand through centuries yet. uuborn, apparently crowing none the older, aud confirming tho former existence of na tions that have passed from lienco for ever. This tumnlus is one of the finest within the limits of Georgia, and should be classed with the truucated pyramids on Tumlin’s plantation in tlie Etowah valley, with the largest of the East Ma con mounds, and with that frustum of a four-sided pyramid on Messier’s place, in Early county. Charles C. Jones, Jr. Augusta. Ga., August, 11, 1877. — ■ DEATH OF A PIIII,ANTi!KOPI!ST. All Indiana lUillionairit When? Money "('anno! Ooiiie.^ Terre Haute, Tnd., August 14 Chauncey Rose died to-day aged 83 Ho was tbe originator nr.d' first Presil dent of the Terre Hante and India napolis Railroad and a prime mover in tlie Evansville and Crawfordsville, tho Evansville, Terre Haute and Chicago nnd the A amlalia Rofuls. Ho lias given large sums for charit.ahlo and benevo lent purposes, which aggregate more than two mil lions. He has lately built and endowed the Rose Polyteohnie In stitute of this city and made provision for the erection nnd endowment, of the Vigor County Orphan Home. THE COMING COTTON CROP, Report ol’ the AitricMliiirnl Department—A Splendid Showing— Heavy Crops in the IHUxissippi Valley—Tlie General Average— Caterpillar** in Texas. Washington, August 15.—The cotton report of the Department of Agriculture makes an unusual showing of tho con dition for the month of August, no ma terial decline being apparent from the status in July. Tho general average for July was ninety-threo and four-tenths; in August it is ninety-three. No State averages a stand higher than in 1876, except those of Louisiana and Florida. The States of the greatest production especially those west of the Mississppi] are those reporting the highest con dition. The estimates are as follows •* North Carolina, 88; South Carolina, 88- Georgia, 85; Florida, 93; Alabama, 94; Mississippi, 90; Louisiana, 106; Texas 96; Arkansas, 93; Tennessee, 90. On the Atlantic coast there is frequent men tion of inferior fruiting. Iu tho Caro lines thero has been too much sucoa leceo of growth iu consequence of abundant moisture. In Georgia anil Alabama there has been some injury from drouth, but tbe weather has lately been more seasonable. It bus been too wet in much of Missis sippi, and some cotton on the cotton, lands in Tippoh connty have been abandoned from this cause. In Louisi ana the promise is extraordinary. lu> Concordia parish tho host crop since 1870 is expected ; in Union, tho best since 1860. The prospect in Texas is marred by the appearanoe of the cater pillars, More than half of tlie counties reported are infested, not seriously yet. except in a few cases. In Lavaoea the bulk of tho orop is destroyed. In Gon zales seventy-live per cent, is a complete wreck! where preventives were not used. Poison is successfully applied by prudent planters. The caterpillar has appeared in the parishes of St. Lau dry, Uiohlaml and Claiborne, in Louisi ana; in Perry, Wilcox and Conecuh, iu Alabama; in Columbia, Florida- and ia Brooks, Georgia. 'A PERSONAI. DIFFICULTY. Dv. Tmhi* of llarnvt’Hl, Shot by Hcmitmc Dim.. rail —Tlie Wound Not Dan go rota*. Tho following account of a shooting affray at Barnwell Court House is made up from several different reports sent to tlie News and Courier by corre spondents, who ware not, however, eye witnesses of the affair: An unfortunate difficulty occurred at Barnwell village, ou Saturday, between. Dr. G. R. C. Todd, Dr. J. A. Duncan and George Duncan, tho sou of Dr„ Duncan, a youth about 16 years old. The accounts of the affray are conflict ing. As the story goes, the two older men (Todd aud Duncan) met in Poch man’s bar room, and became involved ia some dispute about professional mat ters, in which harsh words aud insinua tions were freely indulged in. Dr. Todd went hurriedly aeross to Easterling’s store and, according to one account, re quested Mr. Robert Easterling to lend him a pistol. While in the store Dm Duncan entered, accompanied bv his sou, and demanded a retraction w the, language used in tho altercation ut the bar room. This being refused, Dr. Todd was attacked Mr. Dunoau, and a general scuffle ensued. George Duncan drew his pistol, and Dr. Todd seized it and attempted to wrest it away, while Dr. Duncan struck him several blows with a stick and counter weight. Dur ing the struggle George Duncan fired, striking Dr. Todd in the, breast, about an inch to tho left of apd just below the left nipple. Dr. Todd then caught young Duncan, by the throat with both hands, and was only prevented from strangling him by the efforts of persons who had by this time interfered. It, was found that tbe ball bud struck on a rib, glanced around and lodged in the muscles nnder tho loft shoulder blade beneath the skin, inflicting a serious but. not necessarily dangerous wound. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE FAITH. Till) Pori Uo.val Bnilroail Kiiiloroeil Bond.. Editors Chronicleand Constitutionalist: Rumors of repudiation, in one form or another, are rife in the land. So long aB this continues how can we expect the restoration of confidence for which every thinking man longs ? I am glad that our leading men are speaking ont on this question in Georgia. Such men as ex-Gov. Jenkins are found to be solicit ous for ifie commercial standing of tmir several communities. The view these, gentlemen take is that wo cannot afford to repudiate debts we honestly owe. Whether those debts were contracted ili rectly or by endorsement does not mat ter. I Lave in this instance espeeiui reference to the Port Royal en dorsed bonds. Legal quibbles cannot destroy moral and commercial obliga tions. I would direct tho attention of the Directors of the Georgia Railroad, who are opposed to the payment of these bonds in question, to the manlj utter ances of Col. Holliday and Gon. Walker, nominees respectively for the Governor ship and Lieutenant-Governorship of -the “Old Dominion.” Col. Holliday says : “As to the State debt, lam op posed to repudiation. I would not have such a stigma oast upon my State any more than I would upon my private fame." Gen. Walker says : “Repudia tion is theft, compulsory readjustment, highway robbery.” The act of endorse ment as to the bonds mentioned in the ; foregoing was the result of a careful canvass of the situation. The Georgia Railroad authorities determined that it was to their best interest that the Port Royal Road should be constructed, and they loaned the enterprise their credit. Upon this credit our people invested in these bonds. It may not be iu the minds of tho Directors to repudiate tho bonds outright. We are left to conjec ture cm this point; may ehance they may adopt the readjustment plan, which Gen. Walker so vigorously denounces as highway robbery. (j Austin Mullnrky & Cos. Mr. Austin Mullarky, one of our most enterprising dry goods has associated with hinu in the wholesale and retail dry goods business, Mr. Wm. Horkan, and _,ir. Patrick D. Horkan, .- ij i;r m name and style of Austih Mullarky & Cos., and will carry on business at the store lately occupied by Mullarky Brothers. Mr. Wm. Hor kan has been for sometime with Mr. Mc- Creary, in Colr.iabia, South Carolina, and Mr. Patrick D. Horkan has for years been iu the establishment of Mul larky Brothers. We wish the new firm a long career of prosperity. Miss Emma H. Garrison has been ap pointed postmistress at Gillsville.