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Weekly tCljronirU' & Constitutionalist.
VOLUME XCV
UK* HI I*l/8 READ.
If the head of Sen*tor Beat Hill was three
quarter* <if an inch higher ami three-eight* of
an inch narrower above and back of hi* ear*,
he wonld be one of the most prominent and
valuable men in the Senate. Indeed, he might,
in aucb a case, become a leader, and ent a re
markable figure in the oonncil* of the Nation.
Even now, Senator Hill is an able man in some
respects, and has the rare faculty of stating a
question with judicial candor, or what seems
like it. The trouble is that his expressions in
such instance* *eein the product of shrewd
ness instead of honesty. Ton can’t tell whether
Benjamix believes what he says or is, in the
slang of the day, feeding the boys with taffy.—
Chicago Inter Ocean.
It is not a little amusing to note the effect
of Senator Hill's speech upon the Gbast
Retirement bill. When the distinguished
and eloquent gentleman commenced his re
marks, the expectant and sanguine of the
stalwarts ho pel to hear something sweet
and fla’tering from his lips. Mr. Hill's
remark* npon the character and ability of
Gen. Gbast, were well tempered, fair and
magnanimous. Not looking for such a
show of impartiality, the Republican lead
tiers and scribes suddenly imagined that
the Georgia Senator was getting out an
appropriation for anew departure. They
eagerly listened for an arraignment of
•■BonrboDS,” which always prefaces the re
marks of the Southern Democrats when they
squint towards independence and libertin
ism—we beg pardon, we mean—liberal
ism- and were ready to applaud the usual
declaration from Mr. Hill that he had
•‘always been opposed to secession.” Some
how or other, the speech did not pan out
BBtbey hail wished. Mr. Hill had objections
to a present consideration of the Retirement
bill, did not hesitate to say so, after his
complimentary remarks abont the ex-Presi
dent, and finally cut of all hope of stal
wart favor by voting against calling up the
measure. This is why the Inter Ocean be
gins to doubt Mr. Hill, phrenologically, as
well as politically, and objects to the shape
of his hea l as well as to the tone of his
oratory. The truth is, the Inter Ocean was
rhetorically duped. Unaccustomed to a
fair treatment of an adversary’s cause by
an opponent, it cannot separate conserva
tism from deceit. Oratory is not above its
arts, ami the Inter. Ocean must understand
them. Mr. Hill, like Daniel Weiihter, so
clearly and fairly puts his case that his
statement partakes of the strength of argu
ment; while his argument is so simple and
compact as to resomble the logic of con
nected statement. That is all. There is
nothing really the matter with Mr. Hill's
head. Indeed, so far is he removed from
the shrewdness and cunning which this
disappointed stalwart organ charges, that
Governor Brown has even suggested that
Mr. Hill’s head needod lengthening. For
all this,we thinkthat Mr. Hill hasa very re
markable head, ilis place in the Senate could
hardly bo tilled. He is one of the very few
who can rise above the plane of partisan
ship and the sphero of self interest. He is
not the representative of any overshadow
ing corporation or the advocate of the great
bank system, which is movieg on the Na
tional Ben ate, to the danger of public liberty.
He understands and reveres the funda
mental principles of the Government; he
can throw away the stale manuscript, the
dry statistics and special pleading when an
occasion comes,and could "shake the founda
tions of Xerxes’ throne,” should the tyrant
become unruly. It is a mistake to suppose
that the mission of tho orator has ended.
From the time when Demosthenes and
plead their claims before the
people of Athens oratory has ruled the
•world. There is a diviue passion voicing
tho soul and mind of roan which makes
Teason and eloquence the motives of human
action. As long as men survive truth will
convince and oratory will inspire. It
oocupios a plane which the p css cannot en
tirely supplant, and wields an influence
which diplomacy cannot approximately as-'
Bert.
These, then, are the reasons why we are
satisfied with Mr. Hill’s head. We can see
bnt one remedy for tho stalwarts who ap
plaud his broad premises, but condemn bis
Democratic conclusions and his phrenologi
cal developments. This would be in rais
ing a small circular tuft of hair and epider
mis from tho top of his head; but such can
not bo dono by any operator now in the
United States Senate. Neither Maine nor
Illinois has yet “nursed the pinion” which
could "impel the steel.” If the Inter Ocean,
however, would thus enforce reform, it
should draw upon its Western reservation
for one craftier than Blaine and mightier
than Lou an— nay, even tempt Sitting Buli.
Vtiu hirrlilitTti] limns
■ ■
AUGUSTA'S 11TERKSTS,
No community can look on unmoved at
what in going on throughout the country,
l>nt the principal subject of interost is that
-which more nearly effects the community
itself. This is eminently true of Augusta.
AVe cannot afford to pass by unnoticed ma
terial or political affairs in the great world,
but we are more vitally concerned in our
own progress and whatever will conduce to
our advancement must command our pri
mary attention. It has been claimed by
outsiders that Augusta is slow, that she fails
to keep step in the march of ideas. We be
lieve that some of our own people have in the
past been disposed to adopt the same view,
tout in the face of recent circumstances they
liave considerably modified that view. Our
progress, perhaps, has not been so rapid as
that of some other places, but, on the other
hand, we have no reason to be ashamed
when a general comparison is made. In
population we have increased filty per cent,
as against thirty-five for the entire State,
and in industrial resources we have made
remarkable progress during the decade just
passed. Five factories have been added to
the material wealth of the community, and
won for our city marked attention from all
sections of the country. Anew line of
railway, leading into the heart of a fertile
country, has been inaugurated and put on
tlio way to an early completion, and a fine
Steamer has been placed on the river. These
arc some of the works that show for them-
selves, and need no comment. Oar credit J
is first class in the markets of .the country.
Onr bonds sell at a large premium and are
eagerly sought after, and it is known that
we promptly meet all our obligations. It is
true that we are a conservative people—per- j
haps too much so -but it is better to be a ]
little slow than to rush blindfolded into j
every speculation that presents itself. At e ,
have not sometimes seized opportunities to
Advance our interests as quickly as we
might have done, but whenever it
was clearly shown that the proposed in
provement had a solid basis, and was not a
-chimera, the means to put it on foot were
net wanting. We believe that there is
nothing more certain than Augusta s pro
gress. We believe that she will take her
place in the front rank of Southern cities,
and before many years stand first as a
manufacturing town. The more factories
we have the more profitable will others be,
• and the more eager, therefore, will people
be to invest in them. We have practical
exemplification of public confidence in
manufactories in the Siblet Mills. The
building is not yet constructed, and still
the stock is selling at a premium, and dif
ficult to obtain at that. We are satisfied
the stockholders of this company will see
the ad vantage of doubling the capacity of
the mills, .and that, instead of a factory ot
twentv-fivc thousand spindles, we will have
one of fifty thousand. A manufactory of
the latter capacity, it is hardly too much to
say, will add fully ten thousand people to
the present population of the city, bene
fitting trade and real estate and increasing
our importance. This is no idle fancy.
Facta speak for themselves.
But while we are so much interested in
manufactories, there are other matters that
demand our serious attention as well. We
cannot afford to devote our energies to one
branch of industry alone. Augusta is a
great cotton centre. A large portion of our
commerce is through this staple, and the
greater quantity of it we can bring to the
.city, the better will it he for us. We have
already taken steps to do this by building
the Augusta and Knoxville Railroad, but
we can still further increase this trade if we
.can have the Savannah river made navig
able at all seasons of the year. With 9 line
of steamers like the W. T. Wheless plying
between Augusta and Savannah constantly,
there can be no doubt that a great
benefit would accrue to the commerce
of this city. We believe that con
stant agitation of the subject will se
cure the appropriation, and we believe
that our merchants should relax no efforts
in this direction. If the matter is properly
laid before Congress, we are satisfied that
it will see the justice of our claims, and
grant the necessary appropriation, which is
a small amount compared to the benefit to
be derived.
Augusta is also entitled to and should
have a United States building. Appropria
tions for this purpose have been granted
to places of much less note, while not one
dollar has ever been expended in Augusta
by the Government. A number of cases
from this section come up at every term of
the United States Court at Savannah. Par
ties, lawyers and witnesses have to go a
long distance at considerable expense. If
there was a United States Court room here,
regular sessions of the United States Court
could he held in Augusta as well as in At
lanta and . Savannah, to the great con
venience of a large section of the State and
at no extra expense to the Government. A
building could be erected, adequate for all i
the public needs, embracing a Court room,
post office, custom house and internal rev- j
enue offices. With the proper effort, we
believe that au appropriation lor this pur- j
pose, as well as that for the Savannah river, I
could be obtained.
These are all matters of vital interest to
the community and should not be suffered
to languish for want of discussion and agi
tation. We have accomplished much in
the past decade ; let us do more in the
next ten years.
If. as has been charged by communica
tions in the columns of tho Chronicle, we
are discriminated against in the matter of
freight rates, to the injury of our trade, let
us take such action as will induce the rail
roads to put us od an equality with other
places. We must look after and defend onr
immediate interests. It will not do to sleep
over onr rights —to neglect anything that
will add to onr commerce and aid our gen
eral advancement.
The railroads leading into several South
ern cities have adopted the plan of giving
annual excursions to those cities to the mer
chants along the lines of road, either free or
at nominal rates. Would it not be well for
the railways terminating at Augusta to do
the same thing ? Would not the benefit ac
cruing to the mercantile community rfesult
in benefit to the railroads themselves and
more than compensate for any tronble in
giving the excursions? We think it would;
we are confident such excursions would be
the occasion of good for the city and for the
railways, for that which helps one helps the
other. By concert of action in this matter
much can be accomplished. The country
merchant will be brought into closer rela
tions with the city merchant; he will see
that it is to his interest to trade here and a
much larger wholesale business than is now
done in Augusta will spring up. It is well,
at any rate, to make the experiment.
BETTER FROM WASHINGTON.
[ IHitorial Cor. Chronicle and Constitutionalist. ]
Washington. D. C., January 23, 1881.—
The new Senator from Tennessee says he
is a Democrat bnt no partisan. His Demo
cratic friends hero are perfectly satisfied
that he will not aid the Republicans in re
organizing the Senate. When a person in
pnblio life says he is “a Democrat but no
partisan,” lam reminded of a witty Irish
man's remark that he was “a tomperance
man, but no bigot, thank Goo.” Jackson
and Mahone, in my opinion, will vote with
their own party, but David Davis still re
mains the king-maker. At any rate, the
election of a Democrat in Tennessee speaks
volumes for the iucorruptibility of that
body.
Members here, whose seats are contested
in the next Congress, are being put to much
expensive trouble in consequence. Some
Republicans threaten to defy tho Clork’s
roll and organize the House to suit them
selves. Gen. Keieeer, of Ohio, declares
that no less than fifty Democrats will be
unseated. There will be lively times at au
extra session or at the regular meeting in
December.
Poor Judge Clifford, one of the last of old
fashioned Supreme Judges, has not even
enough of his mind left to resign, and so a
bill is pending in the Senate to meet his
case and that of Judge Hunt.
Col. “Bob" Ingersoll is here and will
probably lecture in his usual blasphemous
manner at an early date. His family all die
suddenly. The death of a favorite sister, a
few weeks ago, affected him sensibly, and at
her grave he did not utter the Pagan poetical
rhapsody that made his brother’s funeral
memorable. By the way, the eulogy pro
nounced over Ebon C. Inoersoi.l, by Broth
er Robert, is framed and hung up in Han
cock's bar-room here, among a lot of other
curiosities, such as Washington's slippers,
Lincoln’s overalls and the hat of a celebrat
ed murderer.
Quite a sensation has been created in leg
islative circles by a decision of the Judiciary
Sub-Comurittee of the House that the Senate
had the right, power and privilege of origi
nating appropriation bills. It is safe to say
that the House itself will promptly negaitve
the report of the sub-committee. This,‘how
ever, is another straw showing how power
encroaches, on the one side, and is yielding
on the other.
I perceive that the more respectable Re
publican journals at the North profess to
feel sorry that Elliott was selected to ap
peal to Mr. Garfield in behalf of his race.
He is called “a notorious negro.” Now, he
is not any more notorious than Robeson,
Williams and quite a number of General
Grant’s chums. Then he is a simon-pure
negro, a man whose smartness can not be
adjudged to the credit of mixed blood. I
am astonished, too, that he should be ob
jected to as a “carpet-bag negro,” when
Grant's staple argument, in his recent
! speeches, is that to be a carpet-bagger is to
I have a consecration of special unction. But
what surprises me beyond all else is the
assertion that his superior education allow
ed him to be a dangerous trickster ! Real
| ly, this is a laughable reductio ad absurdum,
when from Garfield to Beec her the uni
| versal appeal to the colored man is to get
'an education, Elliott is probably a ras
; cal, but not a great one. In this respect,
his inferiority is glaringly apparent, when
I contrasted with some conspicuous white
j men who have stolen themselves rich and
i attitudinize as shining, electric lights of the
: Republican party. The colored people will
discover presently that there is no real love
lost between them and the men they have
helped to power.
Tom Thumb and his wife are at the Na
tional Hotel, in a room alongside Mr. Ste
phens. I saw the General and his lady
come out the other day. He seemed to
have had a Caudle lecture and looked mad.
His tiny spouse had that grim, satisfactory
smile characteristic of the better half who
has won a victory and put the domestic
monster to flight. Gen. Tom smokes the
longest cigars procurable, and is in some
what the fix of Cicero's pigmy son-in-law
whom a wag tied to a gigantic sword.
It occurs to me at this moment to say that,
in cal; anybody should wish to know, my
address is 412 Sixth street, N. W. Washing
ton, P. C.
Senator Hill characterized the debate ]
yesterday on free ships, between Beck and
Blaine, as the most interesting encounter
of the present session. Mr. Beck, when
speaking to a vital question of business, is
sure to command attention. He read his
speech, but it was listened to by a majority
of the Senators, notably by Conklujo and
Blaise, who came over to the Democratic ■
side and, at some distance from each other, j
faced the speaker. JJ r - Beck not only
spoke for himself, but for that mighty host
of men who are opposed to a high proteo ,
tive tariff. Mr. Beecher, who is a free
trade Republican, was on the floor and ap
peared to be an interested spectator.
Mr. Beck shoved that our commercial
marine was rapidly dying out, because of
i absurd navigation laws and a protective
I tariff, and that we paid foreign countries
i $] 20,000,000 annually to carry our passen
gers and freight. A war between England,
Germany and France wonld precipitate onr
bankruptcy, and. as we were practically at
their commercial mercy, they could pool
their issues at any time and lay this country
| under tribute. Mr. Beck’s speech was so
compact an array of facts and figures that a
synopsis of any brevity would do it an in
justice. I can only refer you to it as a mine
of useful knowledge.
1 Mr. Blaine at once replied to Mr. Beck
in a speech o f much brilliancy. He spoke
j extemporaneously, and while dodging
i many of his Kentucky colleague’s elaborate
j statements and ponderous arguments,
!he took np the salient points, and
| deserved Mr. Hill’s compliment that
| “when ships are .the topic Blaine is a
j giant.” He protested against building up
England at the expense of this country,
: and wittily turned the laugh npon Beck by j
j declaring that the Kentuckian wanted to j
have a race with John Bull by withdraw- j
! ing the American horse. Blaine declared ]
that a majority of the people of this oountry
had decided against a “tariff for revenue
only,” and he added that if the same
subsidies that the Government iiad
given to railroads had been given to
commerce there wonld not be any
special complaint. The substitution of iron or
steel for wood and the invention and appli
cation of the propeller, had the rev
olution in shipbuilding that gave England
the advantage.
Mr. Beck replied that subsidies meant
taxation. He was for removing burdens, not
imposing additional ones. He made a good
point on Blaine by reading the figures
of the popular vote for President, which
demonstrated that the majority of our
people were for a revenue tariff, and
against onerous protection.
Blaine retorted that the subsidies to
railways had almost ruined the coasting
trade ; that free ships mean the building
up of British labor at the expense of the
American workiDgman ; and that he ob
jected to pampering a British monopoly at
any such fearful sacrifice. He did not
answer Beck’s speech, but he succeeded in
doing it an injury. It did not occur to the
Kentucky Senator to refer to John C. Cal
houn’s mathematical demonstration that a
high protective tariff would destroy the
commercial marine of any nation. —
One thing is certain : This Repub
lic is becoming more and more the
dependent of foreign countries, and nobody
can agree about a remedy. The truth is
that the tariff monopolists have combined
together and are gradually possessing all
power in the Government. li, will take a
revolution to unseat them, and perhaps a
panic, plus revolution. I may observe, in
passing, that Hon. Frank Hurd’s recent ar
gument for free ships and against the pro
tective tariff, published in the New York
Herald, was largely taken from Calhoun,
without acknowledgment. It is fashiona
ble to exploit Calhoun’s ideas, and yet avoid
the treason of mentioning his name.
Mr. Speer’s speech in the Yeates-Mabtin
case was an excellent one. The young man
can hold his own with the best of them.
Met Col. A. R. Lamar last evening, and in
company with him and Mr. James Barrett,
went to the theatre'. Emmet, whose intoxica
tion and broken engagements have become
subjects for speculation like railroad stocks,
appeared in the character of “Fritz,”
which has become a famous role. We were
thoroughly disgusted and left before the
play was half over. The drama itself
is what Donn Piatt calls “rot,”
and the actor an ordinary variety-show
performer. His singing is an abortion.
The one merit he possesses is a most merry
face. And yet this “rot” draws the mil
lion, and this bright-eyed clown makes
SSOO a night ! We wonder why Tom Cor- .
win said that all the monuments in the
world were built to commemorato solemn
asses, when a trifling fellow like this can
make a monumental fortune out of acsea of
another kind.
Talking of the frightful inflictions of the
modern orchestra, Lamai: said he had a
commission, asanawspaper man, to find
out who composed the music of such insti
tutions. The man who gave the commission
desired to kill the man who composed the
music just so soon as he was identified.
Senator Brown starts homeward, for a
week, to-morrow, in order to attend the
annual meeting of the Western and Atlantic
Railway Company, and deliver his report.
He is paired on all political questions.
Over a cup of • ‘cold tea’ ’ with Mr. Per
sons and Gen. Cook, I discussed the public
building for Augusta. The General says
that $5,000,000 were appropriated for such
purposes, but the Secretary of the Treasury
stated that $3,000,000 of this would be
required for the completion of buildings
already under contract. Of the remaining
$2,000,000 Gon. Cook says the great diffi
culty was how to give everything to every
body. lam not sanguine of any appropria
tion for your building this session, but look
with some confidence to aid and comfort
for the Savannah river. J. R. R.
AUGUBTA AS A WHOLESALE MART.
In the local columns of the Chronicle
to-day we present the substance of replies
of business men to our circular dated yes
terday, regarding the ability of Augusta to
sustain herself as a wholesale market. Our
interrogations could have been boiled
down to the one question; Can our city
compete successfully with other Georgia
and Carolina marts of trade ? We prefer
red, however, to obtain information, also,
as to any freight discriminations against
us. This information we shall use for the
common benefit, so far as we have influence,
and we can see no reason now why every
discordant element to onr success cannot
be removed. But the discussion of them
we adjourn now to another time. And just
here we desire to say that the answers of
our merchants leave no room for anything
else save congratulation. We find that
every one replies affirmatively to the ques
tions bearing upon the immediate design
wo have in view —that of having several
hundred interior dealers visit the city on
business. Augusta is eager and will soon
be l'ully equipped to enter the lists with
the largest of her sister cities, and success
fully compete for the merchant trade of the
two States. To ourselves we owe it to
state that we have never despaired of
the spirit of the old city. Had we
done so we would not now be en
gaged in the effort to forward the common
cause, for despair would have said to us—
there is no use, no hope. There is life
here. There is energy to dare all risks. This
life, this energy need only to be put prop
erly in motion to accomplish results that
few dare hope for. When our commercial
citizens come together, as we feel they will
come, prepared to march steadily shoulder
to shoulder, Augusta will be placed soon
thereafter beyond any point she has ever at-
tained in a commercial way. They must
learn to help each other, bickering and
jealousies, if any exist, must be allayed, and
then with the watchword “all for one and
one for all,” every individual will prosper
beyond his most sanguine expectations. We
know, because we have taken the trouble to
learn that the receDt abominable weather
and the consequent stagnation in all
branches of business produced a sombre
! outlook ip the minds of many worthy mer
chants. We know, tqo, that a herculean ef
| fort is needed to retrieve the lost time, but
we also feel that the spirit is in our people
|to surmount all obstacles. Therefore, none
except the worst of croakers should see
aught, but prosperity in store for ns if we
ate only trpe to ourselves. With a splendid
manufactory rapidly rising, besides others
already in operation; with anew railroad
begnn and assured; with a superb new
steamer on the river, and now the spirit to
induce a great number of retail merchants
to visit us and eiamine our goods and
prices, may we not look forward to the pe
riod, when the city will flourish as she bps
pever flourished before ? * The prospects,
we submit, jre far from gloomy. Seeing
the star behind the cloud, we shall keep our
eyes steadily fixed npon it, and work unre
mittingly few the commercial welfare of our
city, with the trust that all citizens will aid
gs in the effort.
in the nert few days a gentleman connect
ed with onr office will see the business men
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, FEBBUABY 9, 1881.
of the community and endeavor to give
shape and color to the plan we have in
mind.
PARNELL’S POSITION.
The acquittal of Mr. Parnell has given a
renewed impetus to the Land League in
Ireland. It is difficult to see how the
British Government can withstand the in
creased pressure that will be brought to
bear for the cause of justice. It is general
ly admitted that the trials have been a mis
take and have only had the effect of mak
ing the principles of the League more
thoroughly understood than before through
out Ireland, Scotland and England.—
What effect coercion will have it is diffi
cult to foresee. No one imagines that the
people will rise in rebellion against it,
for then the work of the Government
would be easy enough. Nor is any oppo
nent sangnine enough to suppose that the
League, with its strength and its firm
foundation in the sympathies of the people,
j is about to die a sudden death under the
| blast of coercion. The most difficult work
of the Government is yet to come. If
every member of the League were im
prisoned this would not influence the pay
ment of rent. On the contrary, it would
be more difficult than ever to compel the
people to pay, and the Government can
not evict the whole nation. The true test
of the strength of the League is now about
to be applied. If the people are loyal to
their professed enthusiasm and support of
the League principles, the authorities will
be as far from their objects as ever.—
Through all the years that the Saxon has
oppressed Erin, her people, with a sublime
faith in their own indomitable courage,
have never ceased to look for final eman
cipation, for the right to live in the land
that was theirs long before the straDger
had set foot on the shores of this fair
island. It is almost incredible that in a
country which possesses so many natural
advantages, whose soil is so fertile and
whose skies are so propitious, the people
sheuld be suffering for want of food, and
yet we know that such is the case.—
What is the cause of this state of
things ? It is certainly not want of
energy in the Irish people, for where
ever they have settled in other parts of
the world where liberty has not been de
nied them, they have built up waste places
and taken a front rank among the most
useful members of the community. The
fault lies in the oppressive system of land
tenure which paralyses all the efforts of the
Irish peasantry. The land on which they
live is not theirs, they are at the mercy of
unscrupulous absenteo landlords, and still
more unscrupulous resident agents, sub
ject to be evicted at a moment’s notice and
upon the flimsiest pretexts. Is it small
wonder that in the face of such a system,
agriculture languishes and famines are
common ? The wonder is that the people
have courage to work at all. It is this
abominable system that Mr. Darnell and
his coadjutors are seeking to modify, at any
rate. They desire for the law making pow
er of the land to declare that tenants have
some rights which the landlords are bound
to respect, that the Irish peasant has a
recognized interest in the soil upon which
he was. born and shall be protected in his
honest endeavor to make a living out of it
by tho sweat of his brow. When this is ac
complished, and accomplished it must be,
sooner or later, we will hear nothing more
about starvation and distress in Ireland.
The people have risen in their might, they
have right and the sympathy of the world
on their side, and they must eventually
gain the end which they are seeking. To
us in free America, where land is plenty
and everybody equal before the law, this
struggle of right against unjust power, is
full of interest, and the Land League has
onr best wishes in its endeavors. As Ire
land has always found us ready to advance
substantial aid in the hour of her distress,
she will find that wo are not slow to extend
encouragement and sympathy in her at
tempt to emancipate herself from a thrall
dom that has eaten away her vitals for so
long. ■
SHUT THAT DOOR I
Heavy Snow Storms Prevailing In tile
North anil West—Travel Greatly lin
peeled.
Chicago, February 1. —A heavy snow
storm has prevailed here since yesterday
noon and is still raging. Trains on all
roads are much impeded.
Baltimore, February 1. —A snow storm
b£gan here last night and has continued
without cessation with a temperature to
night of 19. Trains from the West and East
are all delayed.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y., February I.—A
heavy north wind is blowing here, and the
cold is increasing. The mercury has drop
ped 10 degrees in three hours to-day, and
is at zero to-night and still falling. All
trains are running behind time. Some
snow fell this morning and a storm is
threatening to-night.
Milwaukee, February 1. —The snow fall
of the past two days has been general and
heavy throughout Wisconsin, and has great
ly impeded railroad business. In fact it
lias blockaded and more or less delayed all
trains on all roads in the State.
Cleveland, Ohio, February I.—A driv
ing snow storm, which began yesterday,
raged uninterruptedly to-day and is almost
unparalleled in severity. A high wind
drifted the snow badly and made street
travel extremely difficult and trying. No
train arrived from the East to-day until late
in the afternoon and none from the West
until evening. The first train from the
South was five hours late.
Toledo, February I.—A heavy snow
storm, with high northeasterly winds, has
prevailed here for the past twenty-four
hours and fftill continues. The snow badly
drifted and all movements of trains on the
various railways is seriously interrupted.
Passenger trains are greatly delayed, and
on several routes freight traffic is entirely
suspended. ■
FLAMES' DOINGS.
Plymouth, N. C., Nearly Destroyed By
Flames.
Raleigh, N. C., February 2.— The fire
at Plymouth, N. C., destroyed the business
portion of the place,, which was thickly
built up with stores and warehouses. The
Court House was built of brick. The
fire originated in an office near the center
of Water street and worked its way both up
and down that street until it had swept it
clean, not a building being left. The fol
lowing is a list ot the buildings and stocks,
with losses: Hornthal A Bro., fonr build
ings, including their store and stock of mer
chandize, $25,003; J. F. Norman, store and
stock'of merchandize and two other build
ings. $20,000; J- P. Newberry, three build
ings and stock of merchandize and 100 bales
of cotton, $30,000; J. W. Ayres, store and
stock of merchandize, $3,000; W. M. Ayres,
stock of merchandize; N. J. Norman, two
store houses, $2,000; W. H. Ward, drug
gist, entire stock, $1,500; John Piercy,
store and stock, $2,000; N. B. Yerger, store
and stock, $2,000; Wm. Harrison, stock,
$2,500; Sam’l Wiggins, bakery and stock,
$500; Jamer Burg Wynne, $500; Grace
Protestant Episcopal Church, $5,500; Jack
son & Postero, store and stock, $6,000; Jas.
E. Jackson, store and office, $4,000; Mrs.
Whitehurst, two houses, $7,000; James M.
M. Reid, 100 bales of cotton, $5,000; Horn
thal A Bro., about 50 bales of cotton and
100,000 shingles, $7,500 ; Joseph
Newberry, storehouse, SSOO, Charles La
thaw, law office, library, Ac., $200; W. H.
Hampton, warehouse and three seines, $3,-
000; S. Latham, warehouse and one seine,
$2,000: S. S. Armsted, office, $500; Court
House, $6,000 ; J. S. Swain, store and
stock, $1,500; Tetterton, store and stock,
$1,000; sundry small losses, $5,000. Capt.
Solon Askew, of the steamer Oriole, steamed
up in the rear of the burning houses and
saved considerable property. The losses
amount to $127,500. Besides the build
ings destroyed, 250 bales of cotton were
burfted and’loo,ooo shingles. Hornthal A
Bro. and J. O. Norman were partially in
sured. The other loteers had no insurance
whatever. The churejj burned was built of
brick and was handsome in design.
Clergymen, Bankers, Book-keepers, Edi
tors and others that lead sedentary lives,
will find much relief from Headaches,
Nervousness and Constipation engendered
from want of exercise, by taking Simmons
Regulator. It is a harmless vegetable com
pound, and numbers who have tried it will
confidently assert that it is the best remedy
that can be used. It expels ih poisonous
humors of the blood, cleanses the liver, re
stores the kidneys to healthy action and
drives out the despondency and gloom of
ilj health. The patient soon feels as if he
had taken anew lease of life, and is over
joyed to find the depressed feeling dissipa
ted, the costive habits corrected and new
streams of health coursing through his
veins.
“Simmons Liver Regulator is a very vai-
I uable “remedy for Dyspepsia, Sick Head
| ache. Torpid Liver, Constipation, Piles and
: such like diseases. “W. S. Holt,
[ TTiosldmt of 8. W. R. R. Cos., of-Georgia.”
1 febl r Wgfe3L_—
THE TRADE OF OUR CITY.
AVGUSTA AS A WHOLESALE MART.
Replies from Merchants of Augusta to
Question* as to the Ability of the City
to sustain Herself as a Wholesaler of
Goods In Every Lime.
On Saturday evening last we addressed
the following circular to the business men
of Augusta:
Office Chronicle and Constitutionalist, 1
Augusta, Ga., February 1, 1881. j
Dear Sib— We are desirous of seeing Au
gusta flourish commercially ad become in
the future, as she was in the past, the com
mercial emoorium of an extended section of
country. In furtherance of an effort to re
open the old avenues of trade and to open
np new ones, will you oblige us by an im
mediate answer to the following questions?
Very respectfully.
The Chronicle and Constitutionalist.
1. Are freights as low irom the wholesale
markets to Augusta as to any other point in
Georgia—Atlanta, for instance?
2. Are freight rates from Augusta to other
points as low as from Atlanta to other
points ?
3. In your opinion, do the merchants of
Augusta buy goods as cheaply as those of
any other city of Georgia ?
4. In your opinion, would the merchants
of Augusta give as liberal terms to retail
dte'ers as merchants of other Georgia cities
give th„..' customers?
5. If the merchsDix aAong the line of rail
roads and the river could be induced to vwrf
our city, can Augusta compete in price and
terms with other State markets ? Can you
compete in your line ?
6. At what time (give dates) domerchants
trading in your line of goods purchase their
stocks for Spring and Summer sales ?
7. Would the visit of, say five hundred
merchants, during one month’s time, from
points two hundred miles around, to Au
gusta, for the purpose of inspecting stock
and buying goods, increase our merchants’
sales ? Is it a good idea to have them
come ?
8. Would it not be well to bring the mer
chants of Augusta into conference, that they
may consider the practicability of inducing
five hundred country merchants to visit
this city; and if deemed practicable, to take
steps looking to that end ?
Mr. W. T. Wheless. cotton factor, re
plies:
(2) Question—l think they are.
(3) Augusta merchants buy goods as
cheaply as the merchants of any other city.
(4) it would be to their interest to do so,
and certainly they will protect their own
interests.
(7) The visit of so large a number of buy
ers would naturally increase sales, and in
ducements ought to be offered to bring
them here.
(8) I think it would be well to do so. I
regard it as of the utmost importance that
our citizens should use every fair and hon
orable means to keep Augusta prominently
before the entire country. No small city
will grow rapidly unless well advertised.
The pluck and energy of our people should
be made known; our advantages exhibited,
and tho constant agitation will produce
good result*. I write this in bed.
Capt. Jiles M. Berry, commission dealer
in grain, flour, etc., says:
(1) We are on comparatively a good work
ing basis, distance considered.
(2) Think we are all right on this point.
A little well directed energy, perseverance
and vim on the part of Augusta merchants
in a body would accomplish wonders.
(3) In my line of business Augusta mer
chants can’t be excelled in driving close
bargains.
(4) They will. Asa body, they have the
means, and can and will extend accommo
dating terms to merchants of good standing.
(5) They can.
(6) They buv grain, flour and bacon the
year round. No let up.
(7) It is a good idea for them to come.
It will increase my sales, indirectly, as my
main trade is with our leading business
houses in the city.
(8) Call the meeting, inaugurate meas
ures, to get the country merchants here to
compare prices, and we will sell them their
goods. Augusta merchants should work
together in the matter, in a body, and put
on considerable of the “git up and git” to
their business and all will be well with
them.
Mr. Thomas Murray, dealer in mules and
horses, s iys:
(3) In my line they do.
(4) I will.
(5) I positively can.
(6) In my line always through the year
that stock is wanted.
(7) Yes, indeed, it would be a good
tiling for all in my line.
(8) Yes. I would be willing to contribute
my part to get country merchants to visit
this city at any time, and I know that if
we can get them we can give prices that
will show we can compete with other mar
kets.
Messrs. Daily & Armstrong, dry goods,
say:
(1) From the North and East, yes.
(3) Yes.
(4) As to prices, yes.
(5) Yes, as to the first question. To the
second, anything we keep to job we can
and do sell as cheaply as the same goods
can be bought in Georgia.
(6) About March 15th.
(7) Yes, to both questions.
(8) Yes. We believe Augusta can do a
large wholesale trade—as large as any city
in Georgia. In our lipo (dry goods) we
know positively that Augusta can compete
with any city in Georgia or South Carolina.
Messrs. Thorne & Son, hardware, say:
(4) We believe so.
(5) We believe so.
(6) October to March.
(7) Yes, by all means.
(8) Yes.
Mr. Wm. Schweigert, jewelry, etc., says:
(1) I think they are cheaper—all goods
in my line are bought North and East.
(3) Just as cheap as any city.
(4) Yes.
(5) I can compete.
(6) In February.
(7) Most decidedly.
(8) I think it would.
Mr. Edward Jaworsky, provision o , etc.,
says:
(2) In my estimation, they are.
(3) They do.
(4) They would.
(5) They can and I can.
(6) February and April.
(7) It would, and is a first class idea to
have them come.
(8) It would undoubtedly.
Major A. H. McLaws, real estate, etc.,
says:
(7) You certainly have adopted a good
plan to accomplish immediate and perma
nent good for every interest in the city. All
that is required is for someone to bring
about this conference. Should your efforts
be successful real estate interest will be at
once benefltted..
Mr. Henry 8. Jordan, gent’s furnishings,
and T. W. Henry, boots, shoes, Ac., say:
(1) We think they are.
(3) Yes.
(4) We think so.
(5) Yes.
(6) March, April and May,
(7) Yes.
(8) It would. If we could get excursion
rates for merchants we believe our trade
could be increased materially and the rail
roads would make more money than the
deduction in fare on the freights.
Mr. Louis Kusel, clothing, etc., says:
(1) I think it is, but cannot speak posi
tively.
(3) Yes siree, they do.
(4) I am confident they would.
(5) I can compete with any house in the
State in my line.
(6) February, March and April.
(7) It would, and it is an excellent idea.
(8) Yes, sir.
Messrs. Wm. Nees A Son, stationery, Ac.,
Ray:
(3) It is our opinion that they do.
(4) Yes, and in many instances better.
(5) Yes, they can. In our line we can
compete with other cities.
(6) Have no special time, governed some
what by the trade in other lines.
(7) It is a capital idea.
(8) Yes, we think it would. We trust
you will meet with the hearty support of
every merchant.
Mr. Julius W. Ratliff, groceries, Ac., says:
(4) I think they would.
(6) September and October, and replen
ish 30 to 60 days until March or April.
(7) It would increase my sales and I
would be glad to have them come.
(8) It would be well to have them come
together and take steps looking to that end.
Bv a concerted action of all merchants we
may devise means to bring trade. I have
thought for a long time we should offer
some special inducements. •
Messrs. Beall A Cos., druggists, say:
(1) We think they are lower from North
and East via Charleston and Savannah.
(2) We think they do.
(3) We think so.
(7) We think so.
(8) Atlanta is the easiest market in the
State for Augusta to successfully compete
with.
Mr. August Doit, clothing and gents’
furnishing, Ac., says.
(1) They are fully as cheap from North
and East.
(3) Yea, if not cheaper.
(4) Yes.
(5) I can guarantee better prices.
(6) From 25th February to March 15th.
(7) Yes, I think it a good idea.
(8) Yes. In my line I can safely say that
J can give as good terms and prices as any
Wholesale jobbing house in the country. I
appreciate your kind motive in* advancing
the interest of the city.
Mr. J.'C. Levy, ready-made clothing, £c.,
’ says,
■ ‘ (1). Equally as low as to Atlanta. We
| can' compete with either Athmta, Savan
| nah or Charleston.
(3) Most assuredly.
i (4) ¥*.
isf Will guarantee prices of Charleston,
Atlanta or Savannah.
s (6) March, April and first of May.
(7) Will certainly do so.
, (8) I have ahvays advocated such a step.
Messrs. Wrigbt Jfc Crane, cotton factors
and guano dealers, say:
(1) We presume the Railroad Commis
sion regulates with justice to all points in
the State.
(2) The freight-, must be the same if the
Commission acts in accordance to their
sworn duty.
(3) We are certainly of the opinion that
: the merchants of Augusta are of the highest
! type and do buy their goods as cheap as
| any other of Georgia and deal in the first
grade of goods.
(4) The Augusta merchants are ever
ready to give as good bargains as any point
in the State.
(5) We have no doubt that merchants
from the interior would find it to their in
terest to deal with Augusta.
(6) We deal in cotton and we consider
Augusta the highest market in the State for
planters to send their cotton.
(7) We think every inducement should
be given the interior merchants to visit us
and show them what a full line of all grades
of goods our city can present.
(8) We think such a movement would
meet with a ready response from the
merchants, and such a conference
would redound to the future welfare
of the city. Our Fall trade has
been the finest we have had for years,
and every branch of bnsiness is look
ing forward to an increase this year. One
more railroad will in the course of a few
months open up anew field. Onr cotton
receipts will grow in fair proportions and
we predict that Augusta will receive over
2.00,000 bales this year. With this increase
of the entente. a'l branches of trade will be
promoted and wmi proper interior
merchants be induced to deal largely at this
point.
Mr. V. Richards, dry goods, etc, says:
(3) Yes.
(4) To responsible parties, yes.
(5) Yes.
(6) February to June.
(7) I think so.
(8) I think it would.
Mr. Jules Rival, candies, <kc., says:
(3) Of course they do. Wo ought to buy
even cheaper as the credit of Augusta stands
higher than some other cities.
(4) Certainly, why not?
(5) Not in home made candies, because
all the candies manufactured here are made
with the best kind of sugars, when else
where they use glucose grape sugar, Hour,
and kaolin. I firmly believe that not a
single pound of those materials has ever
been used in our city.
(7) I think it would.
(8) It ought to be tried.
Mr. S. H. Shepard, manager for W. H.
Barrett, drugs, &c„ says:
(1) In the drug line I think they are fully.
(2) They are, taking distance in consid
eration.
(3) They do—and I am quite decided in
my opinion that Augusta merchants who
have been long known enjoy superior ad
vantages in this respect.
(4) Yes. The fact is that the jobbers in
Augusta show more leniency and give more
accommodating terms to their customers
than those of any other adjacent city.
(5) Yes, and in tho drug line we have to
meet at all times the competition of other
cities Charleston, Baltimore and New York.
(6) The trade in the drug line is very
nearly regular from January to June and
from September to December.
(7) I think the idea a good one.
(8) Yes. In my opinion aomo arrange
ment should be made looking to the in
crease of trade,
Mr. John Usher, Jr., photographer,
says :
(1) Freights are very low from the North,
where I trade.
(2) We do buy fully as close.
(4) There is no reason why they should
not.
(5) I decidedly can compete.
(7) I think we ought to get the railroads
to give excursion rates several times dur
ing the year. The crowd would come.
(8) I think it a good idea.
Mr. James G. Bailie, carpets and grocer
ies, says :
(3) Yes; why not? Good, reliable and
responsible merchants living in Augusta
can buy goods anywhere as cheap as other
people.
(4) Yes ; undoubtedly they can, and will
do so.
(5) Undoubtedly I can, and I am willing
to sell goods as low as they can be pur
chased in any market.
(6) I like the idea. Great good wonld
come from it. ■
(8) Yes.
Mr. J. T. Denning, builder and commis
sion merchant, says :
(4) lam satisfied all advantages are of
fered.
(5) I know I can offer as great induce
ments in building material, lime especi
ally, as at the seaport towns.
(7) Yes ;by all means. Give ail the ad
vantages for travel.
(8) If business men of Augusta should
combine together tor their mutual benefit,
great good wonld be accomplished. What
we need is more interest in the trade of Au
gusta. The action of your able paper will
have a great tendency to enlist our whole
sale men to bring in country merchants.
After they have compared prices they will
leave their orders here.
Mr. Geo. A. Bailie, carpets and groceries,
says :
(3) Yes.
(4) Yes.
(5) Yes, to both questions.
(7) Asa matter of course it would, and
it is just what we want.
(8) By all means, use every effort to
bring them here. If ODce here, we are
bound to sell them goods. I think it is the
duty of every merchant in Augusta to use
every effort to induce country merchants to'
buy here. It is my opinion that goods can
be bought here as iow ns in any other Geor
gia city.
THE MORGAN RESOLUTIONS.
The Electoral Joint Rule In the House-
Democrats tn Opposition to the States
Rights Theory—Democratic Doctrine as
l.alil Uoivn by Senator Merrlinon, of
North Carolina.
[N. Y. Herald.l
That desperate blow at States Rights,
which goes under the name of the “Morgan
electoral count resolution,” consumed the
session of the House to-day and will do the
same to-morrow. It is truly comic to see
people who call themselves Democrats and
who scream out against the centralizing
tendencies of the times as a portentous dan
ger to liberty, now resorting to extraordi
nary means to pass this Morgan rule, which
violates every canon of the States Rights
theory of Government. In the last six years
in which they have controlled in both
Houses of Congress, the Democrats under
incompetent leadership have done many
silly things; but nothing they have attempt
ed hitherto has showed such extraordinary
incapacity to conlprehend even the com
monest Democratic principles as this craze
of theirs over the Morgan rule. This rule,
in effect, provides that after the people of a
State have chosen Presidential electors
Congress shall count the vote or not, as the
majority in either House may decide. No
Democrat who is a Democrat can possibly
countenance such a measure. Senator
Merrimon, of North Carolina, who was
a sound Democrat, pointed out Six
years ago, when a similar measure
was proposed in the Senate, that the States
elect a President; that if belongs to the
Btates each for itself to correct errors or
remedy frauds in the vote for Presidential
electors, and that “there is no authority
conferred in the Constitution on the na
tional authority” to interpose in the mat
ter in any way. Suppose there should be
great frauds in a State vote, he asked, and
replied: “The authority remains in the
State to provide for that. It is true that in
the history of this Government it does not
appear that any State ever has provided for
a contest of the election of electors of Presi
dent and VicC-President, but it does not
follow, therefore, that the State might not
have done it.” That undoubtedly was
sound and correct Democratic doctrine.
Senator Merriman added:
“The only question that can ever arise
before Congress must arise before it in a
joint session, and the Congress in joint
session, in exercising the powers conferred
upon it in a joint body, can only deter
mine whether a vote that is sent to the
President of the Senate is the vote that was
ascertained by the authorities of the State,
and when that is ascertained that is the end
of the controversy.’’
All this is plain enough, but to-day only
three Democrats in the House knew enough
to vote against the foolish and undemocra
tic Morgan joint rule. These were Alexan
der Stephens, Felton and Speer, all Geor
gians.
TALMACK’S MOUTH CLOSED.
While the Proposed Proseetuion Hangs
Eire He Follows His Counsel's Advice.
The prosecution of the new charges
against the Rev. Dr. Talmage hangs fire
because the -U£v. Dr. Van Dyke and his
twenty-one fello# Presbyters, who voted
against the Rev. Dr. Talmage’s acquittal at
his last trial, refuse to become his formal
accusers. They claim that nobody holds
them responsible for anything that Dr.
Talmage does, as their position toward him
is well understood, and as the majority of
the Presbytery is composed of those who
acquitted him of falsehood and deceit, they
must accept the of acting on
the new evidence <sTalleged false swearing.
[f Dr. Talmage is not brought to trial
upon the new charges, the members of the
anti-Talmage faction intend, it is said, to
remain away from the meeting of the Pres
bytery, and thus give cause of complaint
against themselves, in answer to which
they can arraign the Talmage faction for the
failure to try Dr. Talmage. To complicate
; the situation, the seasions of several churches
j have expressed their disgust with the qnar
! reling Presbyters, and have given broad
intimations that if the unseemly fighting
does not cease, it will be the duty of the
churches to seek other pastors, who are not
involved in. the Presbytery’s quarrel.
GEORGIA’S VOTE
NOT TO BE CAST FOR HANCOCK AND
ENGLISH.
We Know So—Mr. Hill Says So,; Senator
Tliunuan Also Tho Poncas and the
Government President Hayes on the
Right Stand-In and Out of Congress
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle.)
SENATE.
Washington, February 2. — The Vice-
President having submitted the message of
the President of the United States on the
Ponca Indian affairs (transmitting the re
port of the Commission, with the testimony
taken by it, and also the minority report of
Mr. Allen, of the Commission,) the reading
of the same was proceeded with, occupying
fifteen minutes.
Mr. Hoar, referring to the concluding
sentence, in which the President expresses
a desire that full reparation for all wrong
done to the tribe shall be made during bis
term of office, commended it as n most
manly and magnanimous utterance.
On motion of Mr. Kirkwood, the message
and accompanying papers were then re
ferred to the special Ponca committee.
Mr. McPherson, from the Committee on
Naval Affairs, reported favorably the bill
appropriating one hundred thousand dol
lars to equip a vessel to go in search of the
Arctic exploring steamer Jeannette. Mr.
said we would ask considera
tion of the'hiii -tr-cr --aw.
On motion of Mr. the Senate
then took up liis electoral count resolution*,
of the previous day, and at Mr. Morgan’s
suggestion they were amended in minor
details so as to make them concurrent and
to provide for two tellers instead of one on
the part of the Senato. Mr. Morgan, in
advocating the resolutions as a plan by which
a peaceful, orderly and regular count would
be secured, remarked that they followed
the precedent in former similar instances
and were in accord with precedents run
ning back to 1837.
Mr. Edmunds ottered an amendment
providing that the two Houses assemble in
the Senate chamber instead of the hall of
the House for the purpose of counting the
electoral votes.
Mr. Thurman opposed the amendment
and Mr. Hoar spoke in opposition to the
resolutions.
Mr. Garland spoke in support of the res
olutions and Mr. Ingalls in favor of Mr.
Edmunds’ amendment.
Mr. Hill, of Georgia, after observing that
the election of Garfield and Arthur was con
ceded, and that not the slightest intimation
had been given from any quarter that that
result was to be disturbed, proceeded to
explain that the meeting of the Georgia
electoral college on the Wednesday after the
first Monday of December, pursuant to the
law of the State, instead of on the first Wed
nesday of December, as directed by the
act of Congress, was due solely to a
mistake by the Legislature * which
passed the law. The Legislature supposed
that the day designated by it was identical
with the one indicated by Congress and
overlooked the fact that the “Wednesday
after the first Monday of December” might
be the second Wednesday of the month.
In consequence the electoral vote of the
State was cast one week later than the ap
pointed day. He said he desired, in this
connection, to deny the insinuation which
had been made, that the - action of the Leg
islature was dne to an intention, on their
part, to hold the State law supreme and
above the Federal law. No such intention had
ever been entertained. He agreed with the
Senator from Ohio (Thurman), that there
was no doubt as to the illegality of the vote
thus cast. He regarded the act of Congress
as mandatory, being designed to secure
uniformity in the time of meeting of
Electoral Colleges.
Mr. Jones, of Florida, thought the discus
sion of the Georgia question premature, but
desired to express his dissent from the con
clusions of the Senators from Ohio and
Georgia (Thurman and Hill) on that point,
lie said the constitutional provision under
which the act of Congress was passed, pro
vided that Congress “may” prescribe a day,
and that if it shall undertake to exercise the
power of prescribing a day it “shall” make
the, day uniform throughout the country.
He did not regard this as mandatory,
either as to time or place of meeting. If for
reasons over which human authority could
have no control, such as foreign invasion,
breach of peace or prevalence of epidemic.
The electors ot a State were prevented from
meeting at the State Capital, the vote of
that State ought, nevertheless, be counted
by Congress. He thought that in any such
case it would be proper to make exception,
and he would hesitate long beforo disfran
chising a State under such circumstances.
A short colloquy now occurred between
Hill, Jones and Morgan, after which Mr.
Edmunds’ amendment was rejected by a
party vote—3s to 22.
Discussion of the resolution was then re
sumed.
Mr. Eaton said he wanted the decision of
the Senate on the disputed question wheth
er the President of the Senate had a right
to count the electoral vote. He, there
fore, moved to amend that part of the
resolutions requiring the tellers of the two
Houses to make a list of the votes as they
shall be declared by striking therefrom the
words “as they shall be declared” and sub
stituting in lien thereof-the words “as the
certificates shall bo opened by the Presi
dent of the Senate.”
Mr. Thurman opposed Mr. Eaton’s amend
ment as unnecessary for the reason that the
words “as they shall be declared” had nev
er been taken, even by implication, to con
vey the idea that the President of the Sen •
ate has the right to count the vote in the
sense of deciding for whom the vote was
or was not cast.
The discussion was continued by Messrs.
Blaine, Thurman, Morgan, Hill, Eaton,
Bayard and others.
Mr. Eaton’s amendment was rejected
ayes, 27 ; noes, 33. The vote was not a
party one, nor a test of the Senate upon the
merits of the proposition. Affirmative re
sponses largely came from the Republican
side, wbilethe negative vote included much
of the strength of supporters ot the resolu
tions, who were apparently indisposed to
imperil their.success in the House by ap
pending tho amendment.
The resolutions reported by Mr. Morgan,
as a substitute for the original resolution
on the subject, were then adopted on a
viva voce vote, and the' Clerk was directed
to inform the House accordingly.
The Pension Appropriation bill was then
taken .up, in order to allow Mr. Yoorheesto
speak on the pending amendment, known
as the Sixty Surgeons’ bill. At the con
clusion of his remarks the Senate adjourned.
HOUSE.
Mr. Scales, of North Carolina, Chairman'
of the Committee on Indian Affairs, reported
back the resolution calling on the Secretary
of the Interior for copies of all papers which
have been filed in his office during the last
eighteen months, relating to complaints and
charges against any Indian agent, inspector,
clerk or other officer in the Indian service,
and also for information as to what steps
had been taken to prosecute the same.
Adopted.
The Speaker laid before the House a mes
sage from the President, transmitting the
report of the Commission appointed tq as
certain all facts relative to the removal of
the Ponca tribe of Indians to the Indiail
Territory, and to inquire into its present
condition, and also a declaration made by
chiefs of that tribe, setting forth the com
pensation which they will accept for their
lands and for injuries dono to the tribe by
its removal to the Indian Territory. After
quoting from the reports of the Secretary
of the Interior, Agent E. A, Howard and the
Senate Committee, upon the subject, the
President says : “The report of the Cora-
mission appointed by meand the testimony
taken by them, add very little to what was’
already contained in. the official repqrta of
the Secretary of the Interior and the report
of the Senate Committee, touching the in
justice done to the Ronca Indians by their
removal to the Indian Territory. Happily,
however, the evidence reported by the Com
mission and their recommendations point
ont conclusively the true measure of redress
which the Government of the United States
ought now to adopt. The Commission, in
its conclusion, emits to state any important
facts os to the present condition of the
Poncas in the Indian Territory. But the evi
dence they have reported shows clearly and
conclusively that the Poncas now residing in
that territory, 521 in number, are satisfied
with their new home;dliat they are healthy,
comfortable and contented, and that they
are freely and firmly decided to adhei e to
the choice announced in a letter of October
25, 1880, and the declaration of December
27, 1880, to remain in the Indian Territory,
and not to return *o Dakota Territory.
The evidence reported also shows that
fragments of the Ponca tribe, perhaps one
hundred and fifty in number, which is still
in Dakota and Nebraska, prefer to remain
on their old reservation.
In view of these facts, I am confident that
the recommendation of the Commission,
together with the declaration of the chiefs
of December last, if substantially followed,
will afford a solution of the Ponca question,
which is consistent with the wishes apd in
terests of both branches of the tribe, with
the settled Indian policy of the Government
and as 'nearly as practicable with all de
mands of justice. Our genera J Indian
policy for the future ifiouid embrace the
following ideas ; First—The Indians should
be prepared for citizenship by giving to
their young, of both sexes, that industrial
and general education which is requisite
to enable them to "be self-supporting
ftnd capable of self-protection in civil
ized communities ; second - Lands
be alloted to Indian:; .u severalty,
inalienable fof u certain period; third
—lndians should have fair compensa
tion 1 for their lands, not required for indi
vidual allotments, the amount to be in
vested with suitable safeguards tor their
benefit ; fourth—With these prerequisites
secured, Indians should be made citizens
S2 A YEAB —POSTAGE PAID.
-and invested with the rights and charged
with the responsibilities of citizenship. It
is, therefore, recommended that some
legislation be adopted in regard to
the Ponca Indians, authorizing the
Secretary of the Interior to seeuro
to individual members of the Ponca tribe
in severalty sufficient land for their sup
port, inalienable for a term of years, or
until restriction or alienation may be re
moved by the President. Ample time and
opportunity shall bo given to the members
of the tribe freely to choose their allot
ments, either on their new or old reserva
tions. Full compensation should be made
for all lands to be relinquished, and for
all losses to them by Sioux depreda
tions, and by reason of their re
moval to Indian Territory, the amount
of which is named in the declaration of
ohiefs mado on December 27th, 1880. In
short, nothing should be left undone to
show to the Indians that the Government
of the United States regards their rights as
equally sacred with those of its citizens.
The time has come when the policy should
be to place Indians as rapidly as practicable
on the same footing with other permanent
inhabitants of this country. I do not un
dertake to apportion the blamo for
the injustice done the Poncas; whether
the Executive, or Congress, or the pub
lic is chiefly in fault, is not now
a question of practical importance. As Chief
Executive at the time when the wrong was
consummated, I am deeply sensible that
enough of the responsibility for that wrong
justly attaches to'me to make it my person
al duty and earnest desire to do all I can to
give to these Indian people that measure
of redress which is required alike by jus
tice and by humanity.
[Signed] Rutherford B. Hayes,
Executive Mansion, February 1, 1881.
.Hive message was ordered printed and re
ferred to V.ko Committee on Indian Affairs.
The Post Route -bill was reported from
the Committee on PosY -Offices and Post
Roads, and passed.
The House then went into commnttaa of
tho whole on tho District Appropriation
bill, and after adopting several amend
ments of local interest, reported it to the
House and it was passed.
Mr. Atkins, of Tennessee, Chairman of
the Committee on Commerce, reported the
Legislative Judicial and Executive Apnro
priation bill, which was ordered printed
and recommitted. It appropriates $17,-
181,000.
After a brief contest between a number of
members as to bills which should have pre
cedence, the House proceeded to the con
sideration of the Apportionment bill, pend
ing action on which the Speaker laid beforo
the House a message from tho President,
transmitting a letter from tho Secretary of
the Navy, recommending au appropriation
of two hundred thousand dollars
lor the establishment of naval stations on
the American Isthmus. Referred to the Ap
propriation Committee. Mr. Cox then spoke
at longth upon the Apportionment bill,
and, at the conclusion of his argument, the
House adjourned.
WASHINGTON NOTES.
Washington, February 2.—The select
committee of the House on the Inter-
Oceanic Ship Canal, held a short session
this morning and consumed the time till
the hour of adjournment in discussion
without arriving at any conclusion. The
fact was developed that a majority of the
committee favor tho ship railroad scheme
of Capt. Eads, though a wide divergence of
opinion seems to exist as to tho precise
manner in which the Government shall be
asked to lend its countenance and endorse
ment. The commiltoe adjourned till
Saturday, when, it is believed, a vote will
be reached npon some definite proposition
touching Eads’ scheme, as opposed to
either of the proposed canals.
FOREST MILL. INSTITUTE.
A Flourishing School For Young Dailies
Near Augusta—Dire. A. E. Wright, the
Well Known Principal—Prospects of
the Institute and Its Fine Advantages.
Editors Chronicle and Constitutionalist :
Some days ago I noticed a communica
tion over tiie “nom de pluuio” of “Occa
sional,” speaking in most complimentary
terms of the “Forest Hill Institute” and its
advantages at present, to say nothing of its
prospective advantages on account of its
proximity to Augusta and its surroundings
generally, both as to health, society, etc.,
etc. Being now in its incipieney,' it is
destined at no distant futuro to take rank
ns one of the leading feinalo institutes of
Georgia. Having within the last few days
visited this institution, I am gratified at
being able to say that I most heartily don
cur in what “Occasional” says of this
place, and candor compels me to say that I
think he did not do the subbject justice. I
am aware that correspondents of newspa
pers incur the displeasure of many of their
readers.by overdrawn pictures of places
and people. In common parlanco, it might
be termed too much taffy piled on without
diluting, and thereby make themselves dis
tasteful, but the subject now in hand is one
of which your correspondent feels himself
incompetent to color too highly. The
principal is Mrs. A. E. Wright, who at one
time taught in this city, and is, therefore,
no stranger to many of our worthy citizens,
but for the past nine years has been the
principal of the Lucy Cobb Institute, of
Athens. She is .by natural inclination a
teacher, having, not from necessity but
mere choice, made teaching a life busi
ness, and with an intensely bright in
tellect, burnished by study as well as by
daily teaching, she is positive, yet gentle,
and disciplines her school not by the im
position of rigorous rules, but by an even,
smooth, homelike way, into which the
young ladies by intuition fall. In a con
versation with the writer only a few days
ago she mentioned, not however in a boast
ing way, but merely incidental, that she
had graduated, I think it was, 106 or 108
young ladies. How little then did sho
dream that a portion of that conversation
would appear in print. But oh, what a de
lightful retrospect it must be to her as the
evening shadows of life though unpercep
tibly, it may be grow shorter and shorter
that she has set in motion here influences
for good that will resist the attractions of
coming ages. What a grand ending must
such a life have. Her assistant is Miss
Mattie H, Clayton, also recently of the Lucy
Cobb. Of her I oannot say less than has
been said of Mrs. W. I have never yet in
all.my life met any one whom.l regard bet
ter qualified in every way to teach than Miss
C. She is particularly bright and spark
ling, with a mind cultured, I might say,
almost from infancy, having had very su
perior advantages at the best schools in the
whole country, and having been brought
up and in contact with Washington sooiety,
her father having held a position under Bu
chanan’s administration. Her familiarity
with the languages, especially French, is
remarkable, and she speaks it with as much
fluency as most people their native dialect.
She has ways' that captivate all with
whom she comes in contact, and is a gen
eral favorite with ail; especially do the
scholars all love her, and Miss Mattie is in
dispensible to Forest Hill. The sghoOl is
constantly growing, and already numbers
many fr&m a distance. Miss S., from Ala
bam; four Miss B’s, from Barnett; Miss C.,
from Harlem; Miss M., from Bel-Air; Miss
8., from New Orleans, La., and Miss 8.,
from Maxeys, Qa. These are all regular
boafllers, and there are also several day
scholars who reside near the school. I will
not be content to finish this letter without
saying that I have met all of Mrs. W’s
scholars, and can say this that each and all
are worthy of especial and favorable men
tion, and with such an array of little beau
ties before me soon to finish school and
bud into young womanhood, they -are all
so amiable, bright and lovely that were I
marriageable,it would be difficult to decide,
should the admiration be mutual. I learn
that it is the purpose of Mrs. Wright and Miss
Clayton to soon have, snv once every month
or two months, “musical' concerts” and, in
addition to the fine talent of the school,
there are several young ladies near by who,
I learn, will participate and/ having heard
them play, am prepared to anticipate in
advance tine music that will do credit
to professionals. •
“Occasional.” mentioned that Mrs.
Wright, the owner of the place, contem
plated enlarging her building on aooount of
increase demand for more room. lam glad
to say that the lumber is already on the
ground, and within the next fow weeks the
needed enlargements will be completed. I
am also informed that several parties in the
city have, and contemplate purchasing
lands on this plateau, and building Hum
mer residences. This, I should think, a
a capital idea, as it is so healthy, high and
dry, and of easy access to the city.
With Augusta’s magnificent manufactur
. ing facilities inviting foreign capital and
labur, thereby increasing daily her popula
tion, the demands of her people will neces
sitate the purchase of suburban homes, and
ere long ro.ay \*-e not hopefully look for
beautiful villas to dot both in reasonable
, proximity to the city, the line of the Geor
gia as well as the A. K. G. It. It.
Not that I think Augusta unhealthy; far
from it, my own experience testifies to the
contrary;,but because of the high price of
real estate and other causes, placing -the
purchase of home® in ihe city beyond the
ability o,f many .to obtain them.
i think Augusta to-day is entering upon
an era of unparalleled prosperity, and with
increased banking facilities, coupled with
the cftmplettott of our new railroad and
factories begun, but not completed, and
with more in contemplation, I think I can
see in the not very distant future a brighter
dawn. y M u will pardon this digression, as
it is my purpose to say more upon this line
of thought at some fntnre time. T. M. W.
Augusta, Cta., </qr,t*ars 1, 1881.
The secret recruiting of the vital princi
ple is discovered in Tutt’s Pills. In Liver
Affections,' Dizziness, Headache, Costive,
ness, Dyspepsia, Fever of all kinds, Dysen
tery, Flatulence, Heartburn, Eruptions of
the Skin, Nervonsneßs, Billions Colic, Loss
of Appetite and all troubles of the bowels
their curative effects are marvellous., They
are truly the afflicted’s friend.
BIG SNAKE
AND THE CIRCUMSTANCES ATTEND
ING HIS DEATH.
° awe8 ’ WUh war Paint On,
Attaks Secretary Schurz-Locan Bfrn.
the Gentleman From MassJUuse.V.-
liualncsa Transacted In Congress Yes
terday—Around the Capitol.
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle.)
SENATE.
Washington, January 31.—Mr. McPher
son introduced a bill appropriating one
hundred thousand dollars for an expedi
tion to go to the relief of Jeannette. In
Judiciary Senate Committee the nomina
tion of Sianley Matthews was not disposed
of, but a special meeting will be held in a
few days. The New York contested case of
Forster was not tnken up, bocauso Mr.
Conkling had left the city for Now York.
Mr. Dawes, pursuant to notice, addressed
the Senate upon the killing of Big Snake,
a Ponca Chief, by United States soldiers iti
the office of the agent of the Poncnsin In
dian Territory. He criticised with ’some
severity the course pursued by Secretary
Schurz in regard to these Indians.
After commenting upon the ten months
delay in the answor of the Secretary of the
Interior to the Senate resolution enrooting
him to furnish all information in his- de
partment concerning the killing, the date
of the resolution being March 11, 1880
and that of the response January 5, 1881'
and upon the. fact that the Department
while excusing delay on the ground of in
advertence, did not even at the latter dato
deem it worth while to express any opinion
upon the murder, Mr. Dawes said the Sec
retary had stated that the answer had al
ready been given to the Ponca Committee
and his Commission of Indian Affairs hail
asserted it had been given nine months before
this response and had been more than inti
mated that the papers containing it had been
purposely .bm* the committee while it
was ostensibly for information.
Mr. Dawes asserted Ahat these statements
had no foundation in fak\t. No answer had
been made to the commiVttuj though
members had repeatodly remindetfV.h- go
dian Bureau of the fact.' Upon the subject
matter, Dawes said that Big Snake, with hia
brother Standing Bear, had proven a seri
ous obstacle to extorting from Poneas at the
point of the bayonet their consent to leave
the home of their fathers, and that as the in
fluence of these two Indians with their associ
ates was great and they could not be cor
rupted by promises nor moved by threats,
the heavy hand of the Government
had been laid upon thorn and had
never |been taken off, one of them
having fallen in a conflict and the
other being now an exile, whom the Gov
ernment was attempting to starve into sub
mission. He gave a detailed account of
the banishment and repoated arrest of the
two chiefs, as also of the unparalleled es
pionage to which they had been subjected,
culminating in murder. The agont, at
whose hands such maltreatment had oc
curred, upon the pretext that he feared
bodily harm, appealed to the Interior De
partment for soldiers to arrest and im
prison Big Snake for life, and this
atrocious request was complied with with
out inquiry. The cowardly agent then be
guiled the chief into his office upon prom
ise of payment of money, and then ordered
the soldiers to carry him off. A struggle to
chain the Indian ensued, and, after being
struck with great violence, he was shot
by a soldier. The insinuation that the
killing was in self-defense had been
disproved by the positive testimony of
the Indians themselves as to the peaceable
character of their chief and the opinion of
the agent who subsequently made an inves
tigation, that it was “a cowardly, willful
murder.” Tho. Interior Department, at
whose request the work was undertaken,
which resulted in this cowardly, willful
murder had not even taken any notice of it.
Tho agent was not even censured for
his part in it, though afterwards dis
charged because •it was found he
had been inaccurato in bis accounts. After
denouncing this treatment of tho Indians ns
inhuman and un-American, Mr. Dawes
concluded by presenting, ns an offset to
the Ponca Indian petition from the In
terior Department, for tho sale of the old
reservation, a protest from Standing Bear
and thirty-one others against the sale,
claiming the lands as their own; that they
cannot bo disposed of without their con
sent; that their desire is to live on tho
lands, and asking to be reimbursed for
their portion of annuities, etc.
Mr. Logan, replying to what he thought
might be construed as a reflection upon the
Interior Department in the remarks just
made, eulogized the course of that Depart
ment and its general management of late
years as having been os honest, capuble,
fair and just as that of any other depart
ment of the Government.
The Senate then resumed consideration
of the Indian Land in Severalty bill, the
question being on Morgan’s amendment to
dispense with the requirement for the
assent of two-thirds of the tribe before tho
lands can be taken in severalty. After re
marks by Messrs. Morgan and Saunders,
the amendment was rejected. The bill was
finally laid over, and the Senate, at 4.30,
adjourned.
. HOUSE.
A number of bills were introduced under
a call of States.
Mr. Cox, of New York, gave notice that
he would call up the Apportionment bill
to-morrow.
The House adopted an order making the
meeting hour of the House 11 o’clock.
Mr. Springer, of Illinois, by request, in
troduced a bill relative to the postal
telegraph company. (It is similur to the
one introduced in the Senate by Mr. Kirk
wood, of lowa.) Eeferred.
Also, a bill to provide for the appraise
ment of telegraph lines, tho property and
effects of companies acting under provi
sions of the act of July 14th, 1860, and
to procure information concerning the
postal telegraphs of other countries. He
farred.
The House, at 1:30, went into a com
mittee of the whole on the District of Co
lumbia Appropriation bill. It recommends
an appropriation of $3,271,994, j, e j n g
$152,000 less than last year. Whon the
committee rose, Mr. Covert, of New Y’ork.
Chairman of the Committee on Agricul
ture, reported the Agricultural bill, which
was ordered printed and recommitted. It
recommends an appropriation of $288;800.
The House, at 4:50, adjourned.
• DISASTROUS INDEED..
A Costly Fire In Philadelphia—The
Total Loss.
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle.)
Philadelphia, February I.—A fire was
discovered shortly after six o'clock this
morning in the six-story building, occupied
as a shoo factory by Messrs. Mayer & Stern,
Nos. 212 and 214 Garter's alley. Throe
successive alarms of fire brought a largo
force to the scene, but the fire continued to
spread rapidly. Owing to a prevailing
snow storm and the narrowness of the al
ley, the great height of the building and
the net work of telegraph wires in that
vicinity,the firemen experienced much diffi
culty in getting to work. The flameß
quickly reached the adjoining eight-story
building, Nos. 21C and 218, and then
spread right and left among a number of
two and three-story 'dwellings and shops in
the same street. The fire then broke out in
the five-story brick building No. 123 Ex
change Place, and the falling walls demol
ished Kirchner’s beer saloon, No. 119 Ex
change Place and No. 121 adjoining. All
these places were destroyed before the fire
was checked. This afternoon seven stories
of the Carter’s alley wall of the eight-story
building fell with a terriflo crash, but no
one was hurt. The other high walls are
still standing unsupported and the firemen
are forcing water agaiDKt their sides to
hasten their fall. The total loss hi $383,-
i 000. Several hundred hands, many of
them women, are thrown out of employ
ment
Georgia Chemical Work*..
The Georgia Chemical V.’orks again oiler
to their old customer* and the public gen
erally, who want rqßable and uniform fer
tilizers, their efid well known brands of
superphosphates— Patapsco Guano, Grange
Mixture, Lowe’s Georgia Formula and Mas
todon Guano, and their superior make of
acijl phosphate for eomposting; also, sul
phuric ether at lower figures than it can ho
laid down if bought ont of the State.
The Chemical Works are manufacturing
large quantities of fertilizers of standard
quality, which have become very popular
in the South. They have been thoroughly
tested and their excellence fully establish
ed. This is an enterprise located upon
Georgia soil, and open to the inspec
tion of those most nearly interested
in tho manufacture of fertilizers, the
planters. Mr. C. R. F. Lowe, the Superin
tendent and chemist of the works, is a
gentleman of much experience, and plant
ers may rest assured that none of tho com,-
pounds made at the works are sent ont nn*
less fully up to the standard. The ties)
criterion of superior quality is the wide
spread popularity of the fertilizers and the
increased demand for them, necessitating
recentiv, an enlargement of the works to
double their former capacity. Gen. M. A.
Stovall, the Treasurer and Business Man
ager, is well known all over this section
and the fact that he is the managar is a
sufficient guarantee that it is a first-class
concern.
The importance of protecting children’s
shoes from wear at the toe. all parents are
aware of, hut many have neglected to avail
themselves of this great saving on account
of the appearanoe of the metal tip. All
such will find the A. S. T. Co.’s Black Tip,
advertised in another column, just the
thing they have been looking for. Beauti
ful, neat, they will wear as long as the
metal, w