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THE POLTOAJIT qCIUTIOM.
The House of RepreaentAtivM at Wash
ington has been having a heated debate
over the polygamy question, which was
brought up collaterally ia discussing the
adu.:s-ton of Tanitcn: I Delegate from
Utah, The contestants for the seat are
Camfbbll and Cannon, the former a Gentile,
as the "Saints" in Salt Lake City call those
who are not of their faith, and the latter a
Mormon, with a plurality of wives. Camt
mll has the Governor’s certificate of elec
tion, but Casson contends that he received
the largest number of votes and is, there
fore, entitled to the seat. The fact is that
Campbell received only 1,356 votes and
Cannon 18,568. Governor Mukbat declined
to grant the certificate to Cannon on the
ground that he is not a citizen of the United
States, bat it ia shrewdly suspected that this
was only a convenient subterfuge in order
to bring about a contest and thus raise ths
question of polygamy in Congress. Wheth
-er this was the reason or not, it has produc
ed the result. In the debates in the House
upon the admission of Cannon, the contest
ant. the question of citizenship was scarce
ly touched upon, but polygamy and its
attendant evils occupied the whole dis
cussion. Mr. Haskell, of Kansas, offered a
resolution of instructions to the Committee
on Elections, declaring that in the opinion
of the House no polygamist or teacher of
the doctrine* of polygamy is entitled to ad
mission as a Delegate. It was decided
that thia was not in order. There was an
amusing passage between Mr. Cox and Mr.
Hiscoce, the latter having assumed that
Mr. Cox had defended the Mormons. Mr.
Cox began his reply by asserting that he
did not represent an Oneida Community,
and declared that both political parties had
been equally derelict in their treatment of
polygamy. He softened the asperity of his
opening sentences by a characteristic pledge
that by his love for his mother and by all
that, was sacred and holy he would assure
the House that the Democratic side of it
would spare no effort to eradicate the great
evil. Mr. Hiscock joined in the applause
which followed, and the opposing parties
were reconciled. The Western members
appear to be more bitter against polygamy
than any others, and this evidently be
cause they are closer to the great evil and
have a better opportunity to judge of tbs
damage it is inflicting upon the section
where it is practiced. The cry against
polygamy which is coming up from all
parts of the Union, and particularly from
the great West, is becoming to impera
tive for Congress to disregard much lon
ger. As the New York limes says:
‘•The debate shows that the feeling of the
members is decidedly in favor of adopting
vigorous measures for the suppression of
polygamy in Utah. The Mormons have
uniformly regarded a manifestation in tha
House of a determination of this sort with
something like complacency. They hava
aaid : ‘ This is the regulation thing ; it will
coma to nothing.' But it is evident that
Congress is now more in earnest about this
business than ever before. Something will
be done.” The contest between Campbeix
and Camebon was referred to the Commit
tee on Elections, but the resolution of Mr.
Haskell, or one similar to it, may yet be
adopted when the report is made and the
matter comes up for action by the House.
It is a burning shame that polygamy, with
its vast train of miseries, should be suffered
to have full sway in any section of the
Union. It is no excuse for its tolerance to
say that it is the faith of the Mormons. Re
tigion is only used as a cloak for the prac
tice of this crime. It is contrary to all re
ligion, abhorrent to the moral sense, and
should be put down with the same iron
hand that suppresses it in every other por
tion of the United States.
DAVIS-JOHNSTON.
It is well known that Gen. Joe Johnston
has no love for ex-President Davis. “ ’Tis
true, 'tis pity; 'tis pity 'tis true.” That two
men at once so eminent and so beloved
throughout the South should have become
estranged, is a subject of regret with thou
sands of their admirers. They, with us, re
gret that the utmost cordiality does not ex
ist between them. That the General is in
fault, however, is evident. He has always
been so. Early in the war he seemed to
conceive the absurd idea that the Confed
erate Executive did not wish him to gain
military success, and as a consequence he
wm not furnished by the Government with
the means to achieve victories. Obviously
this impression was erroneous; for, what
ever interest Gen. Johnston might have
had in winning the independence of the
Confederacy, Mr. Davis had immeasurably
more, and victories were, therefore, accept
able, come from whom or whence they
might. Gen. Johnston was on several occa
sions selected for supreme command in the
field at points where success was of vital
importance. He failed to win success; and
his effort to throw the responsibility of his
military misfortunes on the Confederate
Executive have as signally failed.- Other
Confederate commanders fought battles
against superior numbers, and they won
them, strange as the assertion may appear
f to Gen. Johnston. Ho wholly misunder
stood the situation, who, knowing that six
millions of people essayed the difficult task
of combatting and beating twenty-two mil
lions, did not expect to fight numerical
odds. Yet the disproportion between the
armies under General Johnston and
those that faced them under Shebman
was never greater than that between
General Lek and General Hooker in the
campaign of Ohancellorsville. The effective
force of the Army of Northern Virginia then
was 41,358, Pickett's and Hood’s divis
ions being absent. The Army of the i
Potomac had an aggregate of 132,000 -93,-
000 of whom were south of the Kappahan
nock and strongly entrenched. Yet Lek did
not order a retrograde movement. He did
not surrender a mile of territory. He sum
moned his army around him, left Early to
hold Skdokwick in check, and marched to
meet the enemy. He attacked with vigor
as soon as he found that enemy. Another
night came, he had no thought of retreat.
He had determined to deliver battle on the
enemy’s selected ground. Retaining An
dxbson's and McLaws’ divisions, which
numbered 14,000 men, he dispatched the
intrepid “Stonewall” Jackson, with
Rhodes', Trimble's and A. P. Hill's com
mands, to the left and rear of Hooker's
chosen position at Ohancellorsville. All
through the succeeding day he hammered
on Hooker’s front and produced the im
pression, doubtless, that his intention was
to attempt a direct assault. At 6, p. m.,
after a long and carefully conducted de
tour, veiled by a cloud of Stuabt*s cavalry,
under Stvart in person, Jackson’s corps was
in position ready for the attack. By morn
ing the' defenses of Ohancellorsville were
wrested from their multitudnious defenders
and that night Hooker recrossed his pon
toons and sheltered himself behind
the river. Lek then turned upon
Skdokwick, who was pressing Early,
defeated him at Salem Church, and the
Chancellorsville campaign was won. Why
could not Gen. Johnston, with his many
opportunities, have performed one such
feat as this? Ah, we very much fear that
jGen. Johnston will forever in history be
recognized as a votary of war who never
won a victory— as a commander who sacri
ficed great opportunities to a mania for re
treats. The history of the war presents not
a single instance where he personally com
manded in the field that victory perched
upon the banners of the South. He was a
wonderfully unfortunate General. It were
useless to specify-to recapitulate—the facts
are of record. No one doubts his personal i
courage—but that was common—nor bis >
fealty to the “Lost Cause," though the un
usual spectacle of the surrender of an army j
in an open country, without giving battle,
has more of suspicion in the act than his
recently published insinuations against Mr
Davis, relative to the remnant of funds of
the Confederacy. No man has the right
to suggest chargee involving moral
turpitude without evidence te convict.
Yet, after a half-hearted disclaimer of .the
whole truth of the interview, he says Mr. |
Daves “ought to account for this money."
But as Gen. Johnston is the one Southern
man who deems an explanation necessary.
Ma. Davis can well afford to treat the sug
gestion with the contempt it deserves. The
General’s position is certainly untenable
now. The force of an unblemished char
acter, the sentiments of a loyal people, are
against him. The- e are heavier elds than
he ever confronted in war. Though fallen
from his high estate, though his name in
some fanatical sections North is the syno
nym of all that is disrespectable, there is
ao stain on the honor of JxmmsoN Dans.
—a he yet reigns over an invisible empire
he reigns in the hearts of his people.
Hence, Gen. Johnston succeeds only in in
in ring himself when he seeks, with an un
just aspersion, to blacken the character of
the ex-Presideat. His old tactics in war are
at length in order. A precipitate retreat is
at last justifiable. He should make it at
LETTERS FHOU WASHINGTON.
(From a Huff Cui ree pondent.)
Washington, January 9th, 1882. The
building in which Guitaau ia being tried
cannot be more than a stone's throw from
my domicile. Until this morning, I had no
op;>ortunity of witnessing a spectacle that
has- become of National importance. On
application to the Marshal, aa a representa
tive «f the Chronicle, I was promptly ush
ered into the Court room and assigned an
excellent seat within the bar. The room
itself is not quite as large as the apartment
Judge Bnead presides over in our temple of
justice, but more space is devoted to the
public and less to the legal fraternity. The
Judge, who is a Democrat named Cox, is
worthy of holding the scales in this remark
able cause. He is a tall, angular man, a
little rising fifty years of age, with a fine
head, of Boman mould, and bald as that of
the first Cesar. His dignity was natural,
only unbending when a sprightly remark
was necessary to bring counsel to terms.
No man has been more savagely assailed, in
some quarters; but I feel assured that be
will finally wrest from public opinion the
highest eulogy, and that his charge to the
jury will be a masterpiece of legal wisdom.
Huddled together at a table fronting the
Judge sat the counsel. On the extreme
right was ex .Judge Porter, an elderly man,
with the sleek, well-fed appearance of a
bishop who had unfrocked himself and be
come His manner ia a com
pound of dignity and insolence. His lan
guage is pomposity itself, and when Mr.
Scoville, at one stage of the proceedings,
compared him to a hooting owl, that tried
to frighten by solemn dissonance, bnt did
not s-iceeed, the audience broke out into
approving laughter, and the prisoner in the!
dock, with a gratified leer, and sharp, reso
nant voice, cried: "Good point!” The ex-
Judee became as crimson with rage as a
turkey cock, bnt did not return to the en
counter. Neit to Judge Porter sat Colonel
Corkhill, the prosecuting attorney, whom
Guiteau has so mercilessly as-sailed from
time to time. He is a fat, florid person of
middle age, with more of the club man in
his eorporosity than the shrewd lawyer.
Beside him was Mr. Davidge, assistant
counsel for the prosecution, an old
gentleman of crafty countenance, veil
ed with the remnant of courtly grace.
He made some amends in icy po
liteness for the bullying proclivities of
his associates. Mr. Reid, ot Illinois, as
sistant counsel for the prisoner, sat near
Mr. Davidge. He is a young man, with
dark, reddish hair and beard. His aspect
was serious, and his mind intent solely
upon the case. With a great array of law
books before him on the table, stood Mr.
Scoville, pleading with an earnestness that
all men must admire for the wrecked life
of his brother-in-law. His hair is scant and
white; the moustache and beard full and
iron grey. His complexion of ruddy bronze
matched well with the dark eyes that
sparkled with fervor, intelligence and in
trepidity. I could not but respect him for
self-sacrifice and courigc. He is a mar
tyr to duty, but one who never fal
ters. I have never seen a face that was
at once so melancholy and determined.
There was almost inspiration in his trench
ant retorts upon the blustering Porter and
the sniveling Corkhill; but he gave blow for
blow like a hunted stag at bay. This is his
first criminal case, but it will be many a day
before that sad, stern face and voice will
cease to vibrate in the memory of this gen
eration Close beside Mr. Scoville is Guit
eau’s brother, who is a good-looking like
ness of the prisoner. Npxt to him is Mrs.
Scoville, sister to Guiteau, who never takes
her eyes from her husband when he is
speaking. Her hair is white and plainly
braided. Her skin is rubicund or else
flushed. Her eyes are pale blue withasteely
and cold expression. A pretty little girl,
about seven years of age, stands by
the mother’s chair, with marvellous quiet
and attention. Grouped in front of those
are members of the press, several of whom
are of the female persuasion - robust and
strong minded, if not very young. The
jurymen are to the right of the Judge.
They are very fair specimens of humanity.
The’ colored member, who is brownish
black, has a stolid, sleepy appearance. He
looks to mo like wne who had made up his
mind long ago and ready for the verdict
when the law’s delay permitted the end to
come. lam informed that colored jury
men are uncommonly prompt in these mat
ters, and that no one need be deceived by
their drowsiness when counsel are splitting
the ninth part of a hair of technicality.—
Therefore the chances are that if there be a
hitch in this case, the colored juryman will
not be the cause of it.
Sweeping aronnd in an irregular horse
shoe, and row on row, as in an ampitheatre,
the spectators sit. Most of them are wo
men ; few of them are negroes. I scanned
the faces of the gentler sex present and die
covered bnt half a dozen comely ones, and
these bad something professional about
them. But near the jury box, flanked on
either side by a young man and an elderly
lady, was a girl whose wonderfully beanti
furnnd modest face, shrined in a becoming
Gainsborough hat oVHeh texture, extorted
the admiration of that fearfully mixed as
semblage. She seemed an unwilling wit
ness to this drams, and tenderly resentful,
as some suggestively broad remark flew
bat-like by her dove-dark, downcast
eyes. Immediately opposite this in
nocent girl, making the extremes more
palpable and startling, was the man who
killed President Garfield. He crouched
in bis chair and spent most of the time
writing with rapidity. As he finished a
sheet be would throw it on the floor, from
which he took finally an accumulated pile
of manuscript. He wore a thick dark suit
of clothes. au<l the fringes of a red under
shirt peeped from under clean linen cuffs.
His shirt collar was capacious aud turned
slightly down. His countenance ia not as
hii.i oiis as the picture papers represent it;
but it is bad enough. The different fea
tures are rather powerful, especially the
aggressive chin and symmetrical nose. His
close-cropped, bristling tawny hair gives
him a convict aspect, while out of the
small, sinister eyes burns the baleful
fire of insanity. I never believed it before,
bnt a close scrutiny of the man convinces
me that be was a madman—a monomaniac
when he shot Mr. Garfield and that ho is
a madman now. It is true that be occasion
ally exhibits astonishing penetration of
sophistry »ud ‘bat, in smartness of retort,
he is often too muflh for the prosecuting
lawyers; but nothing is more common than
an almost preternatural acuteness on some
subjects mauilested by the insane; and the
famous Dr. McFarland, whose testimony
was not permitted, cites the case of a patient
under hie charge who contributed the most
lucid, brilliant and logical articles for a
New York paper, but who was as mad as a
March hare otherwise. In some persons the
hallucination exists in the direction of self
slaughter, while in others it is the apprehen
sion of being murdered, where no danger is
present. Tbs father of this man was insane
beyond a doubt, and before hie birth his
mother was temporarily aberrated. His
enormous self conceit and lower passions
conspired to increase tha congenital and or
ganic lunacy. The vehement harangues he
makes and the startling interruptions are
not assumed to counterfeit craziness. They
are, in my opinion, painfully, horribly,
dramatically real. Just as be made no pre
paration or effort to espapo the poijsequence
of bis crime, so he now turns vengcfull) op
his devoted brother in law when that un
happy but constant friend seeks to prove
him insane now as well as at the time of the
assassination. The common impression
here is that he will be condemned
to death, because the jury fear violence at
the hands of the mob in ease they consign
ed him to an asylum instead of the gallows,
although the latter fate would not be near
so revolting to him as the former. The
wretches who send him ropes and devilish
messages are equal to the task of attempt
ing the murder of a conscientious juryman
who would vote against his execution, al
though if he ba insane,* as some of the
highest and purest men in the land be
lieve, nothing would more tarnish the
American name than fois sentence of death
on the gallows. This may Bjjt. foe a popular
view of the matter, but it is my armj»n
viction against my former prejudices. Until
I saw, heard and studied the miserable
creature I believed him to be at least sane
enough te tang; but I do not think so now,
and there are not a few of Mr. Garfield’s
church members who sLure that opinion.
The last I saw of Guiteau the ponstables
bad him in charge. He submitted to be
handcuffed with docility, bnt as the burly
policeman pushed him rudely along, be
glanced back tigerishly, and from those
lurid evee there was emitted a spark that
never lives in a healthy, mental constitu
tion.
I am glad to have had one excellent op
portunity to see that Court House tragedy
and the central figures of it. But one long
glance is enough. Something more power
ful than onnosity must invite me there
again. As a last word on the subject, I may
observe that Mr. Scoville had just grounds
for apprehension when he pointed out how
easv it would be to kill the prisoner where
he sits in the dock. There is a dangerously
convenient window just in front ot him.
The blind i* kept down, concealing him
from outside observance ; but a clever
marksman, reckless of the lives of others,
and as cranky as Gniteau, has a terrible
temptation proffered him.
Mr. Hill's in tarview, as published in the
(bnsfihdion, of last Saturday, has caused
some talk here. I regret to say that it does
not entirely meet the approbation of many
Democrats of the more conservative kind,
and who are most anxious that no mistakes
should be made in the very beginning of a
new campaign. I am bound to say that
staunch Democrats here who still insist that
Mahons was made a great and triumphant
leader by remorseless antagonism and
abuse, in and out of the Senate, fear that
Dr. Felton and his apoettes are about to be
benefited in the same way. Wnat started
as a farm may be precipitated into a torna
do; and no' map in Georgia will more
alertly profit by a wrong attack than Mr.
Feltnn. Close and perhaps aaptious critics
of Mr. Hill's language declare that 7 nothing
•onld be mous unfortunate than his asset.-'
tion that the purpose of the Felton men is to
“Africanize the State" and that to call them
“conspirntorc” is imprudau t, te say the least,
I do not care to dwell upon those branches
of the matter, but it will do no harm to hint
that Dr. Felton is quick to seize upon such
charges and knows how to work them for
all they are worth. Some Demoicrats are
bold enough to predict disaster te their
cause in Georgia, if wisdom, justice and
moderation do not prevail in nominations
for office and the policy pursued on and off
the hustings, ft cannot be denied that
there is widespread discontent apd almost
despair in only too many Democratic hearts,
and if the contest be merely one of spoils
•IHRONICLE At -i • <’< INSTITUTION ALIMT, tUGUSTA. GA. WEDNEBD I . T.NUABY
and not of principles, the side that offers
the bigger bribe, with the capacity of con
summating the bargain, may create a dan
gerous revolt. Georgia Congressmen re
ceive bushels of applications from their
constituents for offices at Washington
end at home. The programme of the pres
ent Administration is that no Democrat
need apply. See what a loophole is there
for poor men weary of the contest and hope
less of the future." Is not the Democratic
plan simply to prove to black and white
alike that liberality and prosperity are not
on Felton’s side, but on the side of, let us
my, Brown and Colquitt? Is it not wise
t > show the colored people, without passion,
that their beet friends are not Guiteau Re
publicans, who kicked out Rainey from the
Clerkship of the House, when Democrats
like Mr. Stephens would have been glad to
see him elected ? It is well known that
leading men in the Democratic party of
Georgia are quite as liberal in their views
an I Cesires as Mr. Felton can possibly be.
11 ese men must come forward and unfold
the party standard for high purposes. The
situation must be recognized as it is and
fair dealing be the watchword all round.
Then there will be a victorious result for
our party, and the baffled enemy will have
to seek comfort from the Stalwart Republi
cans from whom their inspiration is sup
posed to come. This is a mild synopsis of
the more consecrative Democratic view as I
am able to catch and reproduce it. Wheth
er it be welcome or not remains to be seen.
I send it to you, with the best motives, and
with a sincere hope that the next campaign
in Georgia may be fought out on a right
line and for the good of the National as well
as State Democracy. J- R- B.
(From a Staff Correspondent.)
Washington, January 13, 1882.—1 do not
wonder if any person born in the month of
January should be of a melancholy tem
perament. It is, in my experience, the
most miserable month in the year’s twelve
periods. Hardly a decent day prevails; and
the staple of the month here is made up of
snow, slush, mud, rain, sleet and the fatal
east wind that poisons the atmosphere and
blood. As I write, the elements are con
spiring outside to form all the pure cussed
ness within their capacity, and those who
are housed from their malice are not in a
happy frame of mind. All who have to
breast the storm are to be commiserated,
unless, like skinned eels, they “be used
to it.”
Recent debates in the Senate and House'
have been lively enough. The discussion
of Mr. Sherman’s Refunding bill has evolved
the disturbing elements incident to National
banks, the public debt, the power of the
Secretary of the Treasury, silver demone
tization and kindred topics that, from time
to time, convulse the country. No Senator’s
mind or vote will be changed by the con
troversy, which rages for outside consump
tion and is intended, at last, for party ad
vantage and supremacy. The Republicans,
led by Mr. Sherman, are stealing Dem
ocratic thunder, in virtually attempting
to do what the Democrats would have
done, last year, but for President Hayes’
veto. To head them off, if possible, Mr. Vest
substitutes the Carlisle bill, as an amend
ment to Mr. Sherman’s proposition, seeking
thereby to put a Democratic stamp upon
a Republican measure. Vest’s speech was a
brilliant one. It attracted instant attention
by one of his favorite lunges at Arthur,
whose presence at the Dorsey banquet is
well known, and whose approval of carry
ing Indiana by “soap,” which we know in
Georgians “sugar,” is not likely to be for
gotten. According to Mr. Vest, therefore,
the man who handles and controls the
“soap" of this country is infinitely more
potent than he who makes its songs or laws.
This the Missouri Senator developed, in his
inimitable way, making the National banks
and silver demonetization the chief targets
of his oratorical cannonade. Mr. Sherman’s
several replies to Mr. Vest were adroit, cold
blooded and, at times, sophistical. He is a
master of the subject and only weak in spots.
No one understands this better than Mr.
Vest, who, subsequently, fired away at the
vulnerable parts of his adversary and wor
ried him into something like silent discom
fiture. The Republicans caiinot escape the
odium and responsibility of silver demone
tization, and Mr. Sherman, with all of his
art, could not evade the Missourian’s weap
ons of fact. He sat down with evident
confusion, especially when Vest began to
bait him with the First National Bank of
New York, whose amazing profits in the sale
oi bonds, when Mr. Sherman was Secre
tary of the Treasury, came very near pro
ducing a scandal, and subjected the
Secretary to what Mr. Vest might call
a manufacture of “ soap ” by wholesale.
Mr. Sherman’s general defense of the Na
tional bank system and the necessity of its
perpetuation in some shape was altogether
admirable and unshaken. He spoke truly,
too, when he alluded to the timid and cow
ardly nature of banking capital and money
for investment. He also drew attention to
the fact that the National banks, in combi
nation, were as nothing compared with the
railroads. The intellectual difference be
tween Sherman and Vest is not more mark
ed than their physical disparity. The
Ohioan is icy in his declamation. The Mis
sourian is perfervid. John Sherman, angu
lar, gaunt and stiff, stands like a tall pop
lar in the Senate; George Vest, plump,
dwaflsh and aldermanic, like a stunted
pine. It is the frigid North and the
tropic South. I fear that, in results, the
same old story may bo told sectionally, to
complete the comparison : The North will
get the "soap," while the South is satisfied
with the eloquence. The North goes home
to reckon the profit. The South, with a
flush of wordy triumph, orders champagne
for the crowd.
During this debate Mr. Plumb, of Kansas,
made a speech that did not altogether please
his Republican colleagues. Plumb has just
emerged from a newspaper squabble with
the venerable Public Printer, who is pep
pery, personal, and ready for any kind of
fray. Out of that dispute Mr. Plumb es
caped without glory—to put it in a mild
form. Out of the" Senate conflict he will
come in good condition. Though a Na
tional Bank President, he has Western ideas
of progress, and, unless it be in reputed
mining speculations, his affiliations with
Eastern methods of “feenance” are not en
tirely cordial. He is the youngest Senator,
and one of the homeliest in appearance.
He has a “dished" face, which would be
very boyish but for a prominent goatee
which seems to have been invented as a
caricature of Conkling's. The part this
goatee plays, when Mr. Plumb is excited,
cannot be too highly commended. It is
quite equal to a third gesture when the
hands and arms are in full exercise. On
such occasions, the hairy appendage points
sharply at the Hon. David Davis, with an
emphasis no finger could give, while the
right arm of the speaker shakes hands
in the air with Mr. Garland, and the left,
also atmospherically, pulls John Sherman's
nose. The wind-mill gyrations of Mr.
Plumb and his volubility of speech remind
me of some of the beet efforts of our colored
preachers at a first-class camp-meeting,
especially when mopping the back of his
neck. In this description of Mr. Plumb I
mean only to be photographic and not
offensive. If the picture is not a true one,
the artist is to blame. The Kansas Senator
is popular with Southern men, who think
him a “good fellow." He is also a man of
uncommon shrewdness, energy and ability.
He is a typical American. He has hewn his
own way to fortune and position. He
started poor; became a printer’s appren
tice; then editor and soldier; and is now
a bank president, Senator and millionaire,
while still y oung. The matter of his speeches
is of a solid quality. He has knowledge
and experience of his theme, or he does not
talk about it. In a matter of "feenance,”
he has not the doctrinal culture of Mr. Sher
man, but a practical fund of argument and
illustration, drawn from nature, as well as
books, and racy of the Western soil. I sus
pect that his speech, when made public and
distributed, will be the most popular of all
at home and abroad. There were passages
in it suited to a bank directory; but many
others that will meet the acclaim of the
masses, who aspire to be something more
than hewers of wood and drawers of water.
His idea is that the National debt being out
of the way the National banks can
take care of themselves and reform de novo ;
that the National debt is the great bugaboo
in the way of a readjustment of the tariff
and every Gthpr enterprise; and that when
the United States Treasury ceases to be
quoted on Wall street, as if it were only a
gigantic bucket shop, the whole country,
and not a fragment of it, would flourish be
yond all precedent.
While this discussion hotly progressed a
i friend of Judge Miller. of' the Supreme
! Court, told ;in an undertone) this anecdote,
which he thought a whole summary of the
silver question: On Mr. Thurman's return
from the Monetary Congress in Europe,
which ended in smoke—although attended
by the world’s most celebrated financial
doctors —he was asked how such small re
sults could flow from such a magnitude of
talent. The reply was that Dr. Jacoby, one
of the experts, had explained it in this wise:
“The wily Italian would not surrender his
scudi; the pig-headed Englishman stuck to
his shilling; the stubborn German could not
be budged from his groschen.” "But what
of the Yankee, Doctor?” “Oh,” retorted
Jacoby to his interlocutor, "your country
man was worst of all. He insisted on all
other nationalities abandoning their silver
coins, but told the Congress that they might
take away his God, so they spared hisdollar
Senator Brown will be heard upon this
important question. I enclose a copy of
his amendment to the Sherman bill. He
will elaborate it carefully and command
profound attention. I may also Btaje right
here, though disconnected from the theme
somewhat, that while the Felton-Thornton
brethren are loud in their vaporing for the
welfare of the illiterate pf both races. Sen
ator Brown ia busily engaged in conference,
with New England and other influential
Senators, perfecting a measure that will give
practical and not theoretical relief to those
who need it in Georgia and the South.
In the House, on the pretext of what was
supposed to be a dry legal technicality as
to Delegate Cannon's prima jacie title to his
seat, the Mormon theocracy and practice
were widely ventilated. There is to
be a Mormon propaganda with all
the machinery that impelled the slave
ry crusade. The Republicans are anx
ious to trap the Democrats into a de
fense of the Utah abomination; but they
have been baffled at the outset. Their in
genious casuistry has not only been un
masked, but turned to confusion. The
Democrats remained masters of the field,
and Mr. Cox, of New York, who led in the
enponnter, carried away the spoils of war,
the plaudits of the whole House, and the
scalps of his chief assailants. He made a
series of his best and most eloquent
speeches, and when he alluded, in his own
matchlees way, to Democratic adherence to
the purity of the family tie as the basic
principle of society—illustrating it by a no-
ble allusion to Garfield’s fidelity to wife and
mother - the applause greeting the inspired
orator was hearty, unanimous and deafen
ing. Even Mr. Hiscock, who had ventured
to annoy his colleague, clapped his hands
thunderously, as he shrunk from a further
encounter and plunged robustly into the
cloak-room.
The Mormon question will be provoca
tive of much discussion and excitement;
but on the naked question of its immorali
ty there will be little division of opinion.
The Democrats will not endorse it; but
they may permit the Republicans to find
out how to extirpate it. Singleton, of Illi
nois, a staunch family man and Democrat,
thinks that if s»me device of law could be
contrived and made inexorable in action,
compelling the Mormons to keep their mul
titudinous wives under one roof, the ques
tion would settle itself. A short trial of
that sort would cure the most bigoted and
amiable of the polygamous tribe. The ques
tion of representation in Congress is a dif
ferent thing. Gen. Sherman, talking to my
friend McMillan, of Tennessee, put the
matter in this nutshell : "The only genu
ine American theory is that which embraces
the greatest latitude. I am, for example,
in favor of a Puritan community being rep
resented in Congress by a Puritan; a fire
eating community by a fire-eater; and if
hell was entitled to a delegate, let the
Devil be sent. So a Mormon people ought
to be represented by a Mormon.”
Meanwhile, the Mormons are not idle.
They are quietly gathering here. Cannon
keeps his tongue in leash and his diplomacy
in active operation. What he has to say
will be to the country and to the House, if
forced to do so in his own defense. Can
non’s right hand man, I presume, is the
venerable Mr. Hooper, who comes from
Baltimore stock, and was one of the first
delegates sent to Washington from Utah.
He is the author of a famous witticism, which
Cannon is credited with at second hand.
Long ago, during the earlier agitation of
Mormonism, he was asked by some Con
gressmen, of shady reputation possibly,
how many wives he had. Hooper answered,
and it is of historic record, “Enough to
keep me from poaching on the preserves
of other men !” This “apostle” is now very
old and very grim—a meek and inoffensive
edition of John Brown, whose soul
is marching on, for the special benefit of
Republican campaign songs and speeches.
Mr. Hooper is one of the mildest and most
courteous of gentlemen. At the Riggs
House, he sits at table with Brother Ca*
non, and between these gray-haired latter
day saints, two prim and not very comely
girls —just budding into women—eat soup
and ice cream like all other mortals. What
relationship they bear to these two Mor
mons I do not know. Certain it is, how
ever, that all of them are models of pro
priety here.
I witnessed Rossi’s performance of KI
mund Kean, a few nights ago. He is a great
actor, but what could be more incongruous
that an English character drawn by a
Frenchman, with negro blood in his veins,
interpreted by an Italian,inlan unintelligible
language? I could not help admiring the
art displayed, bnt the absurdity compelled
me oftener to “smile audibly.” In some of
Shakespeare’s creations, I am told that
Rossi is really grand, iu spite of his linguis
tic drawback. I took this for granted; bnt
did not care to repeat the experiment of
personal observation.
Hon. Proctor Knott, of Kentucky, is one
of the most affable and scholarly of public
men. He is now in the prime of life. He
has a large head, crowned with abundant
iron grey hair that, without a part, falls
upon a massive brow. His moustache is of
vivid whiteness that intensifies the ruddi
ness of hie complexion. His eyes are soft
and brilliantly hazel-brown. The prevail
ing expression of bis countenance is melan
choly, so much so that the casual observer
would never suspect that the wearer of
such a dejected visage was the wittiest man
in Congress. Cox, of New York, reserves
his smart thines for the public; but Knott
lavishes his gems with prodigal unselfish
ness. He mourns over renowned Du
luth speech, because it gave his humor
over-shadowing precedence of his solider
talents. He is eminent as a lawyer and
philosopher; but his epigrams are oftener
quoted than his erudition. Such is life!
The other night I had some talk with Mr.
Knott. As to Guiteau, he said : “I spent
two days at that trial; sat by the prisoner
and studied him attentively. He is the
craziest man I ever saw. People say that
he is simply acting a part ; but I
tell you that Salvini himself could not
have counterfeited madness, in that man
ner, for so long a time. He would have
broken down under it, in disgust, in less
than a week. Guiteau is in the shadow of
the gallows. He is hated by fifty millions
of people, who clamor for his blood; and
yet his unconcern is perfect. No sane man
could masquerade with such consistent per
versity. The sergeant who shot at him, and
betrayed one of the greatest of trusts, has
been pronounced a lunatic, in order to save
the honor of the army. Tha rabble who
clamor for Guiteau’s conviction lose sight
of the honor of their country. Our institu
tions will be disgraced aud our justice out
raged if this lunatic be executed as a sane
man. The black-hearted wretch who offered
JI,BOO for Guiteau’s dead body would mur
der a man for a cancelled one cent postage
stamp. Ex-Judge Porter’s attacks upon
Scoville are those of a tumid bnlly. He
differs from Dogberry in degree only. Por
ter writes himself down an ass, whereas
Dogberry had to get somebody else to per
form that function for him. It is a sad
commentary on the condition of society in
this country, when a clergyman can call
this insane man *a sneak and snivel sham,’
while so many professing Christians thirst
for hia-exeoution and possess neither chari
ty nor common sense. I do not wonder
that Bob Ingersoll thrives on agnosticism
when the very fundamental and basic prin
ciple of religion is outraged and trampled
upon, in and out of the Christian pulpit!”
J. R. R.
BISHOP H. 11. KAVANAUGH,
Os the niethedist Church, South. Has His
8001 Birthday Celebrated By Friends.
(Louisville Courier-Journal.)
Bishop H. H. Kavanaugh, of the Metho
dist Church, South, will be eighty years old
on Saturday next, January 14, aud the min
isters ot hie church in this city, at their
weekly meeting, on Monday last, determin
ed to pay him a birthday call, at his resi
dence, on Gray street.
Mistaking the date, they called yesterday,
fifteen in number, aud were very cordially
received by the good Bishop ami his wife,
and shown to his parlors, where the other
members of the family and several lady
visitors were convened.
The exercises were introduced iu a few
congratulatory remarks by the Rev. David
Morton, after which the ninety-first Psalm
was read by Rev. D. Welburn, aud Addison’s
hymn on gratitude by Rev. R. Deering,
which waa followed with prayer by Rev. M.
N. Lasley. Mr. Deering also indulged iu
some observations referring to the long and
intimate acquaintance between himself and
Bishop Kavanaugh, ami to the extended
and valuable labors of the latter, closing
with a feeling allusion to the affectionate re
gard in which he is held by his brethren
and the church.
To this the Bishop responded in a brief
but tou :hing speech, in which he declared
that he prized this testimonial more highly,
as it came from brethren who were his
neighbors, and had known him so long and
well, and for every one of whom he felt a
loving concern. Kentucky Metho list
preachers and their families had so long been
objects of special interest to him that he
knew but little difference between them
and his own family, and from them he had
never been nor ever could be separated by
time, nor distance, nor official position, nor
aught else. He adverted to his advanced
age and noticed his robust health and al
most entire exemption from the infirmities
Incident to his period of life, for which he
thanked God chiefly, because he was ena
bled to do more for the Master, in whose
service he found constantly increasing de
light. He spoke of his personal religious
experience as all the while deepening and
broadening and brightening, and as having
become an assured conviction, full of the
joy and hope inspired by the confident ex
pectation of entering soon upon immortali
ty and eternal life. The simplicity and
sincerity and earnestness with which these
things were said, together with the estab
lished charactor for integrity and piety of
the Bishop, so well known to his brethren
present, gave great weight to these utter
ances, and wrought the company up to a
pitch of godly enthusiasm that burst forth
in the singing of a thrilling stanza from the
hymn,
A home over there.
Then followed brief addresses by Revs. H.
C. Morrison, D. Welburn, J. P. Goodson,
T. F. Sanmeter and H. C. Settle, and the
exercises were ended with the doxology,
heartily sung by all present, and the bene
diction by Rev. Dr. Messick.
The kind words spoken by Mrs. Kava
naugh as the company was dispersing were
in exquisite taste, and left the impression
upon all that she is the worthy wife of a
noble husband.
KING COTTON.
Important Facts Furnished by the Na.
tioaal Cotton Exchange.
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle.)
New Orleans, January 13.—The state
ment of the National Cotton Exchange for
four months, ending December 31st, issued
to-day, shows receipts at delivery ports of
3,246,814 bales—a deficit, compared with
same time last year, of 200,295 bales; over
land by railroads to mills direct, 309,078
bales, against 257,580 bales last year.
Northern spinners have taken, this season,
1,013,918 bales, or an increase over last
season of 174,901 bales. Exports to for
eign ports show a decrease of 325,598
bales to Great Britain; 82,788 bales to
France; 74.198 bales to the Continent, and
4,133 bales to the Channel ports. Canada
has taken overland 19,770 bales, against
12,109 last year. That amount of the crop
of 1881-82" that has appeared in sight at
delivery ports and overland points oi cross
ing is 3,583,684 bales, or 152,871 bales
less than last year. The most important
feature of the statement is the addition of
103,297 bales to the Virginia movement
for four months, over and above the aggre
gate returned to local Changes through
their regular daily telegraph report. The
error was occasioned by the omission of
shipments via West Point.
Frightened Readjasters.
z (By Telegraph co the Chronicle. 1
Richmonp, Va., January 16.—A joint
resolution passed the House of Delegates to
day, providing for the appointment of a
committee to arrange for a private hos
pital for members of the General Assembly
and attaches thereof, within the city limits,
io case of attack from small pox. The Sen
ate refused to concur by a close vote, where
upon Delegate Frazier declared bis inten
tion to offer, to-morrow, a resolution remov
ing the session of the General Assembly to
Norfolk City.
GOV. HAGOOD’S MKSSASK,
approving the General Stock Law—An
Able and Comprehensive Review of
The Subject.
HExecutive Message, No. 13
State of South Carolina, )
Executive Chamber,
Columbia, January 11, 1882. )
(fentlemen of the General Assembly:
1 herewith return, with my approval, the
act to provide a General Stock Law, and
regulate the operations of the same. In
doing so I desire to accompany the approval
with some comment. The Agricultural De
partment at Washington, in an elaborate and
carefully prepared report, in 1871, upon
the cost of farm fences in the United States,
estimated the cost of such fences in South
Carolina at $21,136,896. Before and since
1871 some of the most accurate agricultural
writers of the State have established the
fact that the average cost for boundary
fences alone In this State is about four
dollars for every acre enclosed. I have
not the figures of the census recent
ly taken, but previously the number of
acres of improved lands in South Caro
lina was put at 4,000,000 acres. This
gives the sum of $16,000,000 as the cost of
our boundary farm fences, and is corrobora
tive of the estimate of the United States
Agricultural Department, which includes
cross as well as boundary fences. The du
ration of the ordinary rail fence of the
country is known not to exceed ten years.
With, therefore, an annual depreciation of
ten per cent, upon the capital, and interest
at seven per cent, upon the investment, it
clearly appears that the annual cost of
boundary fences to our agricultural indus
try exceeds $2,700,000. The State and
county taxes levied for all purposes for the
last fiscal year, as shown by the Comptrol
ler’s books, amounted to $1,308,316.
It is, therefore, apparent that the aboli
tion of boundary fences saves annually to
the agricultural industry twice as much
money as is paid in taxes by all the indus
tries of the State combined.
In view of the facts and figures I have
given, the general scope and object of the
act I return to-you meets with my approval.
I regard it as eminently wise and judicious
ly progressive. There ia a feature in it,
however, which does not commend itself to
me, and which is not necessary to the ac
complishment of the object sought. You
will permit me to call your attention to it,
and suggest its removal by supplementary
legislation.
Common of pasturage on unenclosed land
is a feature in our public policy coeval with
our history, and has prevailed unimpaired
with us until a very recent period. Along
with it came our law of enclosures, which
the law under consideration so fundament
ally changes. Common of pasturage was
the right of every citizen to graze his ani
mals upon the unenclosed (which was then
synonymous with the unimproved) lands of
his neighbor. It was a right founded not
only in a supposed public policy, but in ab
stract equity. The theory of our law of real
estate is, that in the origin of social organi
zation all lands belonged to the people in
common. When they began in parcels to
be assigned to individuals it was, except
perhaps in some few cases, upon broad
grounds of general benefits to accrue, that
thus assigned they would become improv
ed, and through taxation add to the general
welfare.
The grants from the Sta'te to the individ
ual were all free, and there was no other
consideration than this involved. No pres
ent proprietor, whatever sum he has paid
for his title, can stand on higher ground
than the original grantee from the State
through whom he claims. Until now it has
not been sought by legislation to place him
higher. When he improved his lands and
fenced them, as existing legislation re
quired, he was carefully protected by
lew from intrusion by men or animals.
When he failed to improve his lands, and
left them unenclosed, though paying his
taxes on them at their unimproved rate, the
law protected him in the enjoyment of such
value as he derived from them—the use of
its timber and water. But that value which
was left, i. e., the right of pasturage, which
he had not appropriated by improvement,
was left to public enjoyment. The first in
fringement upon this comhion of pasturage
by our Legislature occurred in 1866, when
it was enacted that every entry on the en
closed or unenclosed lands of another, after
notice from the owner or tenant prohibiting
the same, should be a misdemeanor.
The act, which we are now discussing,
goes further and absolutely abolishes com
mon of pasturage. It makes it a trespass
for the owner of any live stock to permit it
to run at large beyond the limits of his own
land.
While the lauds of much the larger part
of our State are devoted to agriculture, there
remain sections in which it is not so. Small
areas are there higltly improved and de
voted to profitable culture, while the larger
portion remains in a state of nature, and
affords only wood and water, and a pasture
of limited value.
Even in the most highly improved sec
tions, portions of the country are waste,
and there would seam to be neither policy
or propriety iu forbidding to the general
public the consumption of the pasturage on
these lauds which the owner does not him
self appropriate, and the consumption of
which dots not impair the value of the lands
themselves.
It seems to me, therefore, that the act to
provide a General Stock Law is seriously
defective in abolishing common of pastur
age, and should be amended so as to re
store this ancient right while retaining all
theeconomic advantagesiproposed by the act.
Let common of pasturage be restored up
on all unimproved lands, properly defining
what constitutes improved lands, and re
quire no fences around improved lands to
protect them from trespass of men or ani
mals. The account between the landholder
and the general public will then be fairly
adjusted upon equitable principles. The
landholder will have no unnecessary bur
den imposed upon him in the development
aud enjoyment of the property upon which
he pays taxes; and the non-landholder will
enjoy that right which remains from the
original general fund, and has not been ap
propriated by the grantee through the im
provement contemplated in the grant.
Observe now with such amendment the
operation of the law. The agricultural
landholder is relieved of the heavy burden
of fencing of which he complains. The
pastoral landholder or the non-laudholder
is deprives of no right which he possessed.
He may still have the pastoral use of all
waste lands; he is only required, in so
using them, Hot to abuse his neighbor.
While pasturing his stock upon his neigh
bor’s waste lands, he is not to pasture them
upon his neighbor’s crops. That is all; and
surely unless the ownership of live stock
without the ownership of land confers ex
traordinary. rights, there is no iniquity in
the requisition.
A system of individual or co-operative
herding, entirely practicable and compara
tively inexpensive, as evidenced in the ex
perience of other countries, will take the
place of our present inefficient and expen
sive system of enclosures, and we will as a
people soon recognize the passage of the
stock law as an era in our progress.
Johnson HaGood, Governor.
THE ENGLISH MARKETS.
(By Cable to the Chronicle.)
Butlnesa in Manchester.
London, January 13. —The Manchester
Guardian, in its commercial article, this
morning, says: "The market is quieter and
there is less inquiry, but prices are firm.
The offers of buyers are mostly below sell
ers' ideas. The dearness of the raw mate
rial is still a most powerful obstacle in busi
ness.”
Liverpool Cotton Market.
Liverpool, January 13.—This week's cir
cular of the Liverpool Cotton Brokers’ Asso
ciation says: "Cotton has been in increased
demand, with hardening rates for American.
Some other descriptions slightly declined.
Americans, although freely offered, advanc
ed excepting ordinary, which is un
changed. In Sea Island there was small
business at unchanged rates. Futures open
ed dull, but shortly hardened, qnd the tone
was generally firm throughout the week,
with J 4 advance.”
The Grain Circular.
Liverpool, January 13. —The leading
grain circular says: “Wheat has been quiet
er. but prices have been sustained. Cargoes
off the coast, on the passage, and for ship
ment, meet with indifferent inquiry at
about late rates. On the spot and In neigh
boring markets, since Tuesday, only a re
tail business was done, and wheat and corn
were dull and lower. To-day there was a
fair attendance. For wheat there was only
an indifferent demand at barely previous
figures. Flour of all kinds was steady. Corn
was less freely offered, and closed with a
decided upward tendency.”
Mlnelng Lune.
London, January 13.—1 n Mincing Lane
the markets generally are very dull. Coffee
was unsettled, pending Thursday’s sales,
when plantation Ceylon further receded 2
to 3s. per cwt. Costa Rica also sold under
valuation. China tea was firm. Indian tea
was steady, and commoner grades sold at
higher rates. Low, brown cane grown
sugar was dull. Crystalized West India
was further reduced 6d. per cwt. Rice was
inactive. White pepper was dearer. Black
pepper did not move. Zanzibar cloves re
ceded per pound; Pimento was lower.
WASHINGTON NOTES.
Internal Revenue Seizure—The Lost
Jeannette.
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle.)
Washington, January 14. —The Commis
sioner of Internal Revenue, to-day, received
a telegram from W. H. Chapman, Revenue
Agent at Cartersville, Ga., stating that he
and Deputy Collector Crawford and a posse
have just returned from Pickens county,
where they seized and destroyed two illicit
distilleries complete, with thirty-five hun
dred gallons of beer, and made one arrest.
Secretary Hunt sent the following cable
gram, this afternoon, to Lieutenant Danen
hower and Chief Melviße, of the Jeannette,
through Mr. Heffman, at St. Petersburg:
• ‘Remain on the ground till the remainder
of the expedition is found. Help the search
by every means in your power.”
Au CahrtaMU Enterprise.
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle.)
Baltimore, January 15.-—The publication
of the limes, the new independent daily
paper, which was begun on the first day of
the present month, was suspended to-day.
It has been a most unfortunate enterprise to
all connected with it.
E. Lehman AeslgUS-
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle.)
Memphis, January 14.—E. Lehman, a re
tail clothier, assigned this morning. Lia
bilities, $10,000; assets, *5,000.
FORTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS.
THE SHERMAN FUNDING BILL IN THE
SENATE.
Mr. Garland Speaks Upon tbe Question—
Bills Introduced—Business In the House.
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle. )
SENATE.
Washington, January 12.—The Presi
dent pro tern, presented a communication
from Isaac N. Arnold, President of the Chi
cago Historical Society, asking the co-ope
ration of Congress in the celebration, on
April 9th, at New Orleans, of the 200th an
niversary of the discovery of the mouth of
the Mississippi river, by Robert, Cavalier de
la Salle.
Mr. Frye reported from the Committee
on Rules a resolution authorizing the Se
lect Committee on Woman Suffrage to em
ploy a clerk.
At 1:25 the Sherman Funding bill was
proceeded with, Mr. Garland having the
floor.
Mr. Garland argued to show that the re
lation ot banks to the Government was that
of mere fiscal agents, and that Mr. Vest’s
amendment was the logical and legal se
quence of funding. He was not wedded to
the idea of three per cent, bonds, but was
willing to take the assumption of the saving
of $1,000,000 annually for what it was
worth.
Mr. Allison inquired for information,
whether upon Mr. Garland’s construotftm
of its language Mr. Vest’s amendment
(making new bonds the sole basis of bank
circulation) would require banks having
3% per cents, on deposit to surrender those
and take 3 per cents. He did not so under
stand it.
Mr. Garland -“We will try to make it
broad enough to cover that.”
Mr. Plumb renewed bis amendment, so
as to require the use of all funds now in
the Treasury for the redemption of United
States notes in excess of $100,000,000 in
redemption of 3>4 per cents., such redemp
tion to be made in not less than three in
stallments. and said sum of $100,000,000
so left in the Treasury shall not be increas
ed or diminished except in redemption of
United States notes. He also gave notice
of additional propositions and proceeded to
argue that upon any calculation of interest
the Government would now lose more than
it could realize by an attempt at refunding.
Replying to Mr. Allison’s inquiry, Mr.
Vest explained that his amendment did not
apply to bonds held by banks now. It
merely applied to a bank now in existence,
which seeks to increase its capital after
July I, 1882, or to a new bank, which
seeks to go into business after that date.
The debate was continued by Messrs.
Allison, Sherman and Plnmb. The fact
becoming apparent, at 4:20, that several
Senators desiring to speak had not yet par
ticipated in the discussion, the bill was
informally laid aside until Monday.
Bills Introduced.
By Mr. Jones—For the relief of the Me
chanics’ and Traders’ Bank of New Orleans.
By Mr. Edmunds—Relating to a quorum
of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Providing that hereafter a majority of the
Justices, instead of six, shall constitute a
quorum.
By Mr. Kellogg—To extend the limits of
the "port of New Orleans, and making an ap
propriation ($200,000) for the improve
ment of the harbor.
By Mr. Johnston (by request) -Three
bills, as follows: To authorize the coinage
of silver dollars, and fractions thereof, of
the full standard value, upon the metric
system; to authorize the coinage of the
goloid metric dollar, two dollars, and frac
tions of dollar, and also the coinage of
metric gold double eagle, eagle and half
eagle, all of standard value; to authorize a
new metric gold coin for internal use, to be
known as “the Stella.” The foregoing
three bills are copies of bills heretofore in
troduced in the House by Mr. Stephens, of
Georgia.
Mr. Brown offered declaratory resolutions,
that it is inexpedient and unwise to con
tract the currency by the withdrawal from
circulation of what are known as silver cer
tificates, or to discontinue or further re
strict silver coinage; further, that gold and
silver coin, based upon a proper ratio of
equivalent between the two metals, and the
issues of paper predicated upon and con
vertible into coin on demand, constitute
the proper circulating medium of this coun
try. Laid over temporarily.
On motion of Mr. Teller, his resolution
calling on the Secretary of the Interior tor
definite information in regard to the de
cisions of the Commissioner of the General
Land Office and the former Secretary of the
Interior affecting the land grant of the
Northern Pacific Railroad Company, was
taken up. Mr. Allison moved an amend
ment to include in the call for information
any opinion of the Attorney-General on the
subject. Agreed to, and the resolution was
passed.
The Senate went into executive session,
and soon after adjourned till Monday.
HOUSE.
Mr. Robeson, of New Jersey, from the
Committee on Rules, submitted a report,
increasing the membership of the follow
ing committees: Ways and Means to 15,
Judiciary to 19, Banking and Currency to
13, Commerce to 19, Agriculture to 19,
Foreign Affairs to 15, Military Affairs to 15,
Poet Offices and Roads to 15, Public Lands
to 15, Pacific Railroads to 15, Improvement
of Navigation of Mississippi River to 15,
Invalid Pensions to 19, War Claims to 15,
and Accounts to 11. Also, for the appoint
ment of a Committee on Inter-Oceanic Ca
nal and Foreign Inland Transportation, to
consist of 13 members, to which shall be
referred all measures relative to those sub
jects. Also, to amend the rules so 'as to re
fer to the Committee on Improvement of
Navigation of the Mississippi River all mat
ters relative thereto. Under the rules the
report was laid over for one day.
On motion of Mr. Upson, of Texas, a reso
lution was adopted, calling on the Secre
tary of War for copies of all correspondence,
endorsements and recommendations in his
office relating to the expenditure of appro
priation for the acquiring of sites and the
erection of posts for the protection of the
Rio Grande frontier.
Mr. Bayne, of Pennsylvania, introduced
a bill to repeal the tax on bank deposits
and the stamp tax on bank checks, and to
reduce the tax on the circulation of the Na
tional banks. Referred.
Mr. Prescott, of New York, introduced an
apportionment bill, providing for 319 Rep
resentatives. Referred.
The House went into committee of the
whole on the Census Deficiency Appropria
tion bill. The committee, at three o’clock,
rose and reported the bill to the House,
when it was passed without division. It
appropriates $540,000.
Mr. Browne, of Arkansas, offered a reso
lution calling on the Secretary of the Inte
rior for the following information: If all
pensions arising from the war of the rebel
lion shall be adjusted within seven years,
ending June 30, 1888, and if at the end of
that period the survivors of the war with
Mexico, or their widows, shall be pensioned
at the rate of $8 per month, what appropri
ation will be required annually to pay the
pensions due in the next 25 years ? Re
ferred.
The House, al 3:20, adjourned till Mon
day.
SENATE.
Washington, January IG.—Communica
tions from the Secretary ot the Treasury
were submitted by the President pro tem.,
transmitting the annual report of the coast
and geodetic survey; and, also, in response
to the Senate resolution of inquiry respect
ing the organization of a separate Court for
the trial of customs cases. The Chair sub
mitted a petition from the Broad of Trade
of Portland, Maine, for a separate organiza
tion of the Signal Service.
Mr. Vest presented a petition of Hon.
Henry and others, of St. Louis,
for the establishment of competitive exami
ners for all subordinate officers of the Gov
ernment.
Mr. Jones, of Florida, introduced a bill
granting to the Pensacola and Atlantic
Railway Company the right to build
bridges over the navigable waters between
Pensacola and Chattahoochee, Fla.
Mr. Call, of Florida, introduced a bill
granting the right of way through the pub
lic lands to the Palatka and Indian River
Railroad Company.
Mr. Logan introduced and asked the
present consideration of a bill granting ar
rears of pension to the widow of Abraham
Lincoln.
Mr. Vance offered a resolution directing
the Secretary of the Treasury to furnish
copies of all charges and complaints, re
ports or other information on file, concern
ing irregularities in the collection of inter
nal revenue ita the Sixth Collection Dis
trict of North Carolina, and copies of any
orders by collector thereof, forbidding the
arrest or taking out of process of arrest of
offenders against the revenue laws. Adopted.
Mr. Hale, from the Committee on Appro
priations, reported favorably for House
Census Deficiency bill, making an appro
priation of $540,000.
The Senate then, on motion of Mr. In
galls, took up his resolution declaring that
the Arreaas of Pensions act ought not to be
repealed.
Mr..Voorhees, in support of the resolu
tion, said denunciations of the act by the
press of the country, and particularly by
prominent organs of all kinds of corpora
tion wealth, were made without the slight
est bisis for their support or justification.
The adoption of these denunciations by a
member of the Senate had filled him with
amazement and pain. If the Senator from
Kentucky (Mr. Beck)should make good his
allegations against the Pension Arrears
act, its supporters would have cause
to hang their heads in shame, but he (Mr.
Voorhees) claimed that it was the work
of justice on the part of the Govern
ment, dictated by duty and patriotism,
He read the terms of the act to show that
its meaning was not obscure or likely to
misconstruction, and that its design was
simply to remove that mean defense to
payment of an honeet debt—namely, the
bar of the statute of limitations as to pen
sions allowed under carefully prepared pro
visions of previous acts. Taking up separ
ately and replying to changes made against
the Pension Arrears act. Mr. Voorhees con
tended that these had not been substan
tiated in one instance. It had been charged
that the bill was passed in the Senate with
out discussion and under some sort of
parliamentary compulsion. The record
disproved this and showed that twenty-one
Senators participated in the debate upon it.
Mr. Beck said that, in the passage of the
bill referred to, both Houses of Congress
were imposed upon by a set of pension
claim agents, who devised the scheme of
pension arrearages for their own benefit,
and that if its actual c st had been foretold,
or in any way indicated at the time, the bill
would not have received the support of any
of the members who voted for it. He gave
an outline of the progress of the bill, show
ing that it passed the Honse under a sur
pension of the rales, which ent off debate;
that the measure which passed was not the
one recommended by the committee, but
one that had not been before the commit
tee; that the question was pressed for ac
tion upon the eve of an adjournment, when
the members were going home for re-elec
tion, and were indisposed to vote against a
proposition which, upon its face, had only
a patriotic object. The bill, although not
understood, was allowed to pass without
dissent. He quoted from the debates upon
it, to show that the maximum which
any member believed it would cost was
$30,000,000, while $19,000,000 or $20,-
000,000 were the highest figures mention
ed in the Senate. He asked whether the
Senate did not believe a fraud was commit
ted when he, as one member, was induced
to vote upon the measure which subsequent
developments had shown to be entirely un
warranted. He assumed that no member
imagined that the results of that legislation
would be what they are, and if it had been
intimated (what is now stated by the Com
missioner of Pensions to be the fact) that
ten per cent, of the total of arrears would
be paid out in fraudulent claims, not a vote
would have been given for the bill. He re
minded Senators that when the bill came
from the House to the Senate the latter body
was flooded with petitions with printed
headings and purported to come from vari
ous parts of the country. These, he assert
ed, were gotten up by pension agents in
Washington and by t hem circulated through
the country for signatures to be used as
pressure upon the Senate.
Mr. Ingal’s inquired for Mr. Beck’s au
thority for the statement he had just made.
Mr. Beck replied by reading from the re
port of the Commissioner of Pensions in
1879, showing the existence and operation
of a pension agent bureau. He added that
the adoption of the resolution would be
equivalent to telling the House that it might
as well cease to consider all modifications of
the law, as the Senata had committed itself
against them. Mr. Beck reiterated that
Congress was deceived by a scheme concoct
ed by interested outsiders, and asked Mr.
Ingalls if he did not believe when he voted
for it that the act would not involve an
aggregate expenditure of over $19,000,-
000, or, at the utmost, $30,000,000 ?
Mr. Ingalls replied that such a statement
was imputed to him, but he had never
made any such statement. What he did
say was that if those already upon the roll
who had been deprived of the pensions to
which they had been entitled were given
arrears they had earned up to the time of
the passage of the bill, it would amount to
about $19,000,000, and that if the pre
viously existing limitations were removed,
no definite statement of the total cost could
be made, as the number of future applica
tions could not be foreseen.
Mr. Beck said he had never disputed the
principles of a bill that would give all our
soldiers who fought on the same field the
same pension.
Mr Ingalls—"That is all that the arrear
ages law does.”
Mr. Beck “But I would not allow a law
to stand which affords means for commit
ting frauds.”
Mr. Ingalls—“l would have voted for it
if it had cost $500,000,000. I will to-day
vote to allow any claim of a soldier that is
established to run back to the time his
disability was incurred, whether it costs
SSOO or $1,000,000.” Mr. Beck again re
peated his question. Mr. Ingalls replied
that he did not at the time know what the
arrearages would cost, but that when a
measure was just he would endorse it re
gardless of what it might cost to do justice.
Mr. Beck having asked to be allowed
twenty minutes to-morrow morning to com
plete his remarks, the discussion closed for
the present, and the Sherman Funding bill
was taken up and laid over, as unfinished
business for to-morrow.
Mr. Cameron, of Pennsylvania, delivered
a twenty minute speech upon taxation, de
claring it inexpedient to reduce the revenue
by abolishing all existing internal revenue
laws, except upon highwines and distilled
spirits. The Senate, at 3:55, went into ex
ecutive session, and, at 4:45, adjourned
until to-morrow.
nousn.
Mr. Robeson, of New Jersey, immediately
after the reading of the Journal, called up
as a privileged question the report from the
Committee on Rules submitted by him on
Thursday. A point of order was raised by
Mr. Townshend, of Illinois, and Mr. Bur
rows, of Michigan, that the call of States
for bills could not be interfered with. The
Speaker overruled the point of order, hold
ing that a privileged question took preced
ence of the call of States. Mr. Burrows
raised the question of consideration, and
the House decided not to consider the ques
tion of privilege at the present time. Under
the call of States the following bills were
introduced and referred:
By Mr. Wheeler, of Alabama—To prevent
the introduction of infectious or contagious
diseases; also, to aid in the establishment
and temporary support of common schools.
By Mr. Williams, of Kentucky—For the
erection of a monument over the grave of
Z. Taylor; also, to regulate inter-State com
merce.
Bj- Mr. Darrell, of Louisiana —To termin
ate the treaty of June, 1875, with His Ma
jesty the King of the Hawaiian Islands.
By Mt? King, of Lonisana—Appropriat
ing $500,000 for the improvement of the
mouth of the Red river.
By Mr. Thompson, of Kentucky - Provid
ing that the tux on distilled spirtits shall
hereafter be due and payable on the with
drawal of such spirits from bond.
By Mr. Money, of Mississippi -Making
the Agricultural Department an Executive
Department.
By Mr. Houk, of Tennessee—Granting
pensions to civil officers injured in the ser
vice of the United States, or to their widows
and children.
By Mr. Dibbell, of Tennessee—To re
move internal revenue tax on tobacco in the
hands of producers, matches, bank checks
and deposits.
By Mr. Upson, of Texas —Providing for a
treaty with Mexico.
By Mr. Jorgenson, of Virginia—To im
prove the public road to Arlington Cem
etery.
The call of States having been concluded,
and 402 bills appropriately referred, the
Speaker announced the regular order to be
the presentation of resolutions to suspend
the rules underanthority of the committees.
Mr. Cook, of Georgia, on behalf of the
Committee on Public Lands, moved to sus
pend the rules and adopt a. resolution call
ing on the Secretary of the Treasury for in
formation as to what action has been taken
by the Solicitor of the Treasury to sell or
lease all real estate and reparian rights now
owned by the United States at Harper’s
Ferry, West Virginia. Agreed to.
Mr. Garrison, of Virginia, on behalf of the
Committee on the District of Columbia,
moved to suspend the rules and pass the
bill to incorporate the Garfield Memorial
Hospital.
Half an hour’s debate, which, under the
rules, is allowed upon measures of this
character, disclosed some objection to the
measure, on the ground that there were
already enough hospitals in the District of
Columbia for all practical purposes ; that
the incorporation of another would have
the effect of bringing to the District per
sons from adjacent Bates, who should be
taken care of in the various State institu
tions, and that there was nothing in the
bill which would prevent the incorpora
tors from applying to the Government for
assistance.
The motion to suspend the rules and
pasb the bill was defeated—yeas, 140;
nays, 86—not the necessary two-thirds in
the affirmative.
The Speaker announced the appointment
of the following select committee on the
memorial relative to the services rendered
to the Government by the late Carlisle P.
Patterson, of Kasson, Iowa: Roberson, of
Massachusetts; Randall, of Pennsylvania ;
Atkins, of Texas, and McLane, of Mary
land.
The Speaker laid before the House the re
port of the Washington Monument Associa
tion. Referred.
The House then, at 5 o’clock, adjourned.
The Fence L.»w.
The movement which looks to the adop
tion of the “no fence” system is in the na
ture of a revolution, and its progress must
necessarily be slow. The first thing to be
done is to convince the people that it is
worth their while to carefully consider the
question—whether or not it would be more
economical and profitable to dispense with
fences, the building and repairing of which
constitute so large an item of expense ; to
consider whether or not it would be more
profitable to reduce the number of inferior
cows by the substitution of better ones in
the proportion of one of the latter to three
of the former; to consider whether or not it.
would be infinitely cheaper to fence in pas
turage for improved stock in preference to
the plan that has been followed so long that
the memory of man runneth not to the con
trary. Calm consideration is all that is
necessary to convince the people that each
of these questions should be answered in
the affirmative. At this season farmers are
exercised as to the condition of their fences,
and it is the experience of a very large num
ber that the labor, etc., incidental to the
work of repairs practically equals the cost
of a new fence. Could an experiment be
made in one district of a county with no
fences, many would be persuaded who can
not now be touched by argument. Ex
periments have beep made in the Caro
linas, and Mecklenburg, Anderaon and
Union can present an array of facts in
favor of the new plan that cannot be ques
tioned. In those counties, lean kine and
razor-back hogs, which sought their living
in the woods the Winter long, have given
place to comely, easily-kept, productive
cows, and to hogs at once beautiful and
profitable. There are fewer abandoned
fields, greater breadths of small grain, bet
ter milk, and an abundance of first-class
butter. It is an astonishing fact, in the
contest which leads.to the decision of this
fence question, those who most zealously
oppose it are those whom it is calculated to
benefit. Our agriculturists are directly in
terested, and they should spare neither
pains nor time in the agitation of this im
portant question.
Bishop H. Pinckney Northrop Installed.
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle.)
Wilmington, N. 0., January 15.—Right
Bev. H. Pinckney Northrop, recently con
secrated Bishop of thia Diocese, was in
stalled here to-day in Fort Thomas Catholic
Church. The sacred edifice was densely
crowded and the ceremonies were solemn
and impressive. Archbishop Gibbons, of
Baltimore, and Bishop Jleane, of Richmond,
took part in tfee services. A pontifical
high mass wafl celebrated by Bishop Nor
throp and sermon was preached by Arch
bishop Gibbons. Tfeie evening vespers
were sung and benediction pronounced,
after which Bishop Keane delivered a ser
awa.
CRIMES AND CASUADTIKB.
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle.)
Fire in Chicago.
Chicago, January 13. This morning
flames were discovered iu Crane Bro’s watex
pipe factory, at 52 Judd street, tnd in less
than an hour the building was com
pletely gutted, entailing a loss of fifty thou
sand dollars, without insurance.
Railroad Collision.
Richmond, January 13. -Information was
received here to-night of a collision on the
Richmond and Alleghany Railroad, at or
near Lorraine, by which two or more men
were killed, and* considerable wreckage of
cars, &c. No details are yet obtainable.
Respited For Thirty Day*.
Charleston, 8. C., January 13.—Jesse
Barber, sentenced to be hanged at Winns
boro to-day, for the murder of Mack Terry,
has been respited for 30 days, in order that
a petition may be considered for commuta
tion of his sentence to imprisonment for
life.
Two Colored Men Kxecuted iu St. Ixiuia.
St. Louis, January 13. -Thaddeus Bober
and Wm. Ward (colored) were executed in
the jail yard this morning. Ward died in
six minutes, and Bober in eleven. In
fifteen minutes the bodies were cut down
and taken to the morgue.
Not Nat, Bat Jesse, Did the Marder.
Savannah, January 13.—Nat Moore, a ne
gro, was arrested here yesterday for the
murder of Isaac Kiebler (colored), on the
night of September 18th last. Jesse Wil
liams (colored), sentenced to be hanged
Monday next for murder, has confessed that
he committed the crime. He was baptized
yesterday.
By An Unknown A**a**ln.
Little Rock, January 13.—A dispatch
from Morrillton says Benj. Treadway, con
stable of Lick Mountain Township, Conway
county, was killed last night by an unknown
assassin. He went out after supper to put
his stock under shelter, when he was fired
upon, his face and head being riddled with
buckshot, producing instant death. No
clue to the assassin.
A Premature Bluet.
Richmond, January 13.—A premature
blast occurred to-day near the Deep Bun
coal pits, about ten miles from Richmond,
on the branch road ot the Richmond and
Fredericksburg Road, by which Edwin
Harris (colored) was instantly killed, and
another negro had his face horribly crushed
by flying rock.
Big Thing in the Mountain Region.
Owensville, January 13.—0 n Monday
night the planing mill, saw mill, grist mill
and woolen mills of W. W. & M. E. Tucker
& Co., of West Liberty, Morgan county,
were burned. Loss, placed at $25,000.
The mills were the finest in the mountains,
and the fire the greatest ever known in the
mountain region of Kentucky. *
The Fall Was Nine Feet.
Runouski, Ont.,, January 13. —Moreau,
the French Canadian who killed his wife in
September last, was hanged in the jail yard
this morning. The fall was nine feet, and
death instantaneous, his neck being broken
and his head nearly severed from the trunk.
The body was cut down two and a half
minutes after the fall, the trunk bleeding
profusely.
Rob* Cunningham Killed By the Police.
New Orleans, January 13.—The Times-
Democrat’s Little Rock special reports the
killing of Ross Cunningham, a prominent
Indian, at Musogee, Indian Territory, by
the United States Indian police. Cunning
ham was intoxicated and had been disturb
ing the peace. The police ordered him to
halt, but he threw’ a stone at them and
turned away. The police fired, shooting
him through the heart.
Kill* Assure* Hi* Wife That Hi* Confes
sion I* True.
Catlettsburg, Ky., January 13. Court of
ficers say the grand jury will close their in
vestigation to-night or early in the morn
ing, and the trial of the Ashland murderers
will begin at once. An affecting interview
took place between Ellis and his wife to
day. She entreated him not to implicate
Craft and Neal if they were not guilty. He
solemnly assured her his confession and
statement were true, and said he w#s ready
to die and would tell the whole truth. It
is thought that Neal is about to confess.
The prisoners will be confined separately
hereafter.
Terrible Railroad Accident.
Poughkeepsie, January 13.—The Carry
town passenger train ran into the special
New York express, which left Albany at
2:40, p. m., in a rock out on the Spuyten
Duyvil and Port Morris Road, at seven
o’clock this evening. Two cars were set on
fire by an overturned heater and destroyed,
and several passengers were injured. Four
dead bodies have been taken out. The rear
end of the special express was composed of
throe drawing room oars, filled with mem
bers of the Legislature. One report says
six persons were killed, one of whom was
State Senator Wagner, the sleeping oar
man.
Great Kxcltement, But No Violence.
Catlettsburg, Ky., January 13. —The
grand jury reported a true bill to-day
against Ellis Craft, Wm. Neal and George
Ellis, for the murder of Fannie and Robbie
Gibbons and Emma Carioo, alias Thomas,
on the 23d of December last, at Ashland,
Ky. Three indictments were found against
Neal and Craft as aiding, abetting and con
spiring to the murder of the three per
sons named. Three indictments were also
found against Geo. Ellis individually.
Craft’s trial is set for next Monday; Neal's
for Tuesday and Ellis for Friday. Troops
still remain to guard the prisoners. There
is great excite-t ent among the people, bnt
no violence feared.
A Reward OflTeved.
Rome, Ga , January 13.—Five hundred
dollars reward is offered by the City Marshal
of Rome for the delivery of a man filling the
following description: Height, five feet six
or seven inches; form rather stooping;
slightly round shouldered; fair beard, and
features full; complexion slightly sallow;
eyes spotted, hazel; rather small eyelids,
drawn close down, rather squint in expres
sion, crowsfoot in each corner; has a scar
about half an inch long on the upper lip,
near the centre; teeth irregular, with the
upper lip slightly projecting; when talk
ing, voice low and hesitating; nose rather
flat and indented, as if the cartilage had
been taken out, making his face dissipated
in appearance, perhaps the effects of scrof
ula; manner restless and uneasy, txhibiting
ignorance and simplicity, asking many
questions, and a peculiar way of answering,
with the mouth closed guttural, “ha, ha;”
had on, while here, a slightly broad-brim
med, drab-colored hat, greenish blue frock
coat, rather short in the skirts, with velvet
collar, coat rather worn in appearance and
faded; did a small cotton business in Ox
ford, Ala., under the name of B. H. Clymer.
Destractive Fire in Galveston, Texas.
Galveston, January 13.—At two o’clock
this afternoon a fire broke out in the cotton
rooms of W. 8. Moody & Co., at the north
west corner of Strand and Twenty-second
street. The building was occupied by the
Supreme Court rooms on the upper floor,
by Moody & Jemison, Grace &Co.,J. P.
Kindred," and others, on the second floor,
and C. M. Pearce & Co., wholesale greoers,
on the ground floor. The flames spread
rapidly, and at 3, p. m., the large whole
sale dry goods establishment of Greenleaf,
Brock & Co. was wrapped in flames. The
fire crossed the street to the wholesale
hardware establishment of E. 8. Wood &
Son, and everything indicated a repitition of
the fire of 1875. Moody & Jemison’s build
ing is valued at $120,000; Greenleaf,
Bock & Co. are reported to be insured for
$400,000, and Pearce & Co. the same
amount. The County Library, valued at
$25,000, is a total loss. The Supreme and
Appellate Court room is a total loss. About
one-third of the records were luckily not in
the rooms at the time, and they are safe.
The fire, at 3:30, p. m., was virtually un
der control. Brown & Co.’s establishment
was saved. The fire in Osterman’s build
ing was extinguished with slight lose.
Moody & Jemison’s building and two large
buildings adjoining were burned to the
ground.
KUled By a Train.
Atlanta, January 16.—Ned Maddox, col
ored, was run over by a railroad train here
to-day, and instantly killed.
Died From Hi* Woaadt,
New Orleans, January 14.—Geo. Hines
(colored), who was stabbed by Jules Law
rence (colored), on Wednesday night last,
died this morning. Lawrence is still at
large.
An Escaped Convict Killed.
Memphis, January 15.—Jim Titus, alias
Bill Williams (colored), a convict who es
caped six months ago, was shot and killed
this afternoon by Sergeant Scott, of the po.
lice force, while resisting arrest. The kill
ing occurred ten miles north of Memphis.
Fatal Accident On the Virginia Midland.
Charlottesville, Va., Januaiy IS.—The
>assenger train on the Virginia Midland
toad ran into a slide last night, near Fa
ber’s Mills, killing Engineer John Minton,
of- Alexandria, badly wounding the fire
man and doing considerable damage to the
engine. The passengers all escaped un
hurt.
The New York Accident.
New York, January 16. —Frank Burr, the
engineer of the Tarrytown train which ran
into the Chicago express, at Spuyten Duy
vil, on Friday, made a statement to-day, in
which he says the brakeman who was sent
back to warn coming trains that the ex
press had stopped, was only about thirty
five feet from the rear car of the stationary ■
train when he first saw his danger signal, ,
and it was then too late to stop his own
train. The brakeman was arraigned in
Court to-day and released on five thousand
dollars bail.
Accident On the Norfolk and Western. 1
Petebsbvbg, Ya., January 16.—A collision
occurred near Appomatox depot, in this
city, this morning, between the incoming
freight and passenger train from Richmond
and the shifting train on the Norfolk and
Western Railroad. The tender of the last
named train was completely knocked to
pieces, and the locomotive injured. The
locomotive on the Richmond' Road was
slightly damaged- 4 large number of hands
are clearing up the wreck.
Melina, the Brakeman, Arrested.
New Yobk, January 15.—George Melins,
the brakeman on the Chicago Express train,
who is charged with the respomibiiity for
Friday evening’s disaster, was arrested in
the Grand Central depot yesterday.
Lateb— George Melins, the brakeman, to
whose carelessness the railroad accident at
Spuyten Duyvil on Friday night is attrib
uted, will be arraigned before the coroner
to-morrow for a hearing.
Shot Himself Throngh the Hand.
Montgomebx, Ala., January 16.—W. H.
Locke, late postmaster at Eufaula, com
mitted suicide yesterday morning at his
home. He was removed for deficiency some
months ago—his bondsmen paying up the
loss. On Saturday he was arrested at the
instance of one of the bondsmen, and was
to have been brought here for a hearing to-
► V
A
day. He ate breakfast, went up stairs and
shot himself through the head.
Nad Result* of Friday** Disaster.
Bennington. Vt., January 15. The
bodies of Park Valentine and" his wife, t«o
of the victims of the Spuyten Duyvil disas
ter of Friday evening, arrived* here this
morning. The parents of the unfortunate
yonng bride and groom are almost dis
tracted and receives the sympathy of the
entire community. The same clergymen
who officiated at the marriage of the young
couple last Thursday evening, at North
Adams, will conduct the funeral services,
which will beheld here to morrow after
noon.
He Fixe* the Hoar, and Make* a Speech.
Savannah, January 16.—Jesse Williams,
the negro convicted of murder in June last,
was hanged at 12:30 o’clock -the hour be
ing fixed by himself; The execution was in
private, but nearly 6,000 people gathered
in the vicinity of the jail yard. Williams
expressed a desire to address the crowd,
and was permitted to make hie appearance
on the front steps of the jail. A strong de
tail of police prevented the crowd from
surging upon him, and he spoke for ten
minutes, warning his colored brethren to
lead better lives, and attributing his fate to
gambling and drinking. He was perfectly
cool and self-posStwsed, and closed by say
ing he was perfectly satisfied to go, and
that his peace was made with God. He was
then taken into the jail yard and conducted
to the scaffold, accompanied by a colored
minister and the sheriff and his deputies.
After a brief prayer on the scaffold, the
minister retired, and the black cap and
noose were adjusted. Williams remained
perfectly firm to the last, and just before
the trap was sprung said, “Good-bye,” in
a clear tone. His neck was completely
fractured by the fall, and life was pro
nounced extinct in thirteen minutes and a
half, when the body was cut down and
turned over to his father, who carried it to
South Carolina for interment. He did not
allude to the origin of his crime in his re
marks this morning, but made a full con
fession several days ago.
, A SPICY LETTER FROM ATLANTA.
The Gate City Sighing for Freeh Kxette
inent—.Amusements—Col. Avery’s Book.
(Cor. Chronicle and Constitutionalist.)
Atlanta, January 12, 1882.—The Ex
position is over, and Atlanta is sighing for
fresh excitement. New Year’s calls occu
pied it for a day or two, and since then the
Opera House has offered some attractions.
We have had Genevieve Ward and Lotto,
and, on the 25th, are to have Patti and
Nicolini, but even these cannot blot out the
memory of her Exposition from Atlanta’s,
mind.
To me the chief interest offered by the
latter was in watching the crowd; it was not
of a very cosmopolitan character, being
chiefly made up of rustics from Georgia
and the neighboring States, but their com
ments were often original and amusing in
the extreme. One day, while looking over
the interesting display from the Carolina
phosphate beds, my attention was attracted
■ by a rural group near by, who seemed great
ly perplexed to understand what manner of
beasts “them bones” could have belonged
to, till one of the party, ‘having glanced at
the labels, made this confident announce
ment:
"Them ain’t rale bones; they are fossils,
made at the phosphate works.”
“No,” replied another, who seemed to
be the cicerone of the party, “them there
ain’t fossils; they dig ’em up out of the
ground.”
A friend of mine found another rustic
party eagerly contemplating a handsome
bric-a-brac stand in Cypher <t Co.’s de
partment. "What can it be?” said one.
“It ain’t a bureau, and it ain’t a cupboard,
nor a sideboard—what can they do with
it?”
My friend, who has a great deal of dry
humor, turned and said, with perfect gravi
ty : " They put hric-a-brack on it.”
“Brickbats I do they ?” was the astonished
rejoinder, and my friend hurried from the
scene, not daring to risk a second com
ment.
I saw one honest fellow take his first,
glass of soda water. To the query, what,
syrup he preferred, he answered, promptly,
“ Fluridy syrup.” When the beverage was
handed him, he carefully scraped off the
foam with his forefinger before drinking.
The Exposition has been a sort of educa
tion to these people, and herein has been its
greatest good —it has been visited in im
mense numbers by precisely the class that
most needed its teaching.
Atlanta has made one valuable acquisitiora
in the purchase, by the Southern Medical
College, of the splendidliotnnical collection
placed on exhibition by Charles Mohr, of
Mobile. It comprises the ferns, grasses and
forest trees of the Gulf States, and is ar,
honor to the institution that has had t’ ue
liberality to purchase and the culture tc, ap
preciate such a possession.
In reading circles Col. Avery’s bor,k is ex
citing some comment not of a very favorable
kind. It is the opinion of most T .eaders that
the title is misleading; Ihe ’ u ook should
have been called, not a “History of Geor
gia,” but “The Life of Joseph E. Brown.”
Having special reasons j □ st, now for interest
ing myself in the history of our State, I have
read the book with m-ora care than I would
otherwise have given jt, and I must admit
that it strikes m« ns being a servile panegy
ric ot Gov. Bran'll. It is a mistake to write
any man’e life before it is ended, and the au
thor who undertakes such a task places
himself iu a false position. It is impossible
to write with perfect frankness about living
people, and even if a man should deserve nil
the good that can po- sibly ba said about
him, it gives a writer the appearance, nt least,
ot servility, to say it in his life time. For
this reason attempts to write contemporary
history Lave generally proved failures. The
materials for it should bo laid away in let
ters, documents and private memoirs, to be<
used when time shall have made them avail
able.
Pure English is so rare a merit in the
hasty composition of modern writers, that
it is hardly fair to be very exacting on that
point, but we would scarcely expect a writer
of Mr. Avery’s experience to commit such
vulgar errors as the use of assumacy for as ■
sumption, dominating for domineering, and
the like. That odious vulgarism of putting
the word balance, for rest or remainder, in
such expressions as “the rest of the ses
sion,” “remainder of the term,” <fcc., is too
common in the “American language” to be
specially censured in Mr. Avery; but it is an<
expression that must always mark any writer
who uses it as inelegant, to say the least .
I-lalance, in this sense, is a shoppy, mercan
tile term, that should never be heard out of
the counting house.
Col. Avery’s worst fault is his sophomori
cal indulgence in superlatives, and when he
speaks of a literary gentleman of Atlanta, of
modest pretensions, as “leading th* serial
writers of the world,” he fairly takes the
breath away from the astonished reader,
who remembers that among the “serial
writers of the world” have been included
such names a* Dickens, Thackeray, George
Sand, Edmond About. Henri Greville, and
even George Eliot. Doubtless, the prolific
serialist referred to would himself be the
last to put forth such a claim on his owm
account, though it may well be doubted!
whether Dickens, Thackeray, George Sand
and Edmond About all put together oouhl
have produced forty novels in ten years, as
Mr. Avery proudly claim* for his champion.
But 1 have already given more space to this
book than I intended and must therefore
omit for the present other items that might
be of interest to your readers. E. H.
NEW YORK STOCKMARKET.
(By Telegraph to the Chroni rie.)
New Yobe, January 17, U.a.m. —The stock
market opened weak and %to p er ce nt.
lower than yesterday’s closing prices; Rich
mond and Danville was, however, an ex
' oeption, and opened 3 percent, higher. In
early dealings the market became feverish
and unsettled, and showed no marked
1 change except in Reading, which declined
1 2% per cent.—to 59%. At 11 o’clock the
general tendency was toward lower figures.
New Yobe, January 17, noon.—Stocks
unsettled. Money, 6. Exchange long.
482; short, 486. Governments fairly active.
State Bonds quiet and unchanged.
New Yobe. January 17, p. m.- Share
speculation opened rather weak and %to
% per cent, lower than yesterday’s closing
quotations. Richmond and Danville was,
however, 3 per cent, higher. In early deal
ings a decline of % to 1% per cent, m the
general list—the latter for Reading—was
fallowed by a recovery of % to 1 % per cent.,
in which Delaware, Lackawanna and West
ern, and Richmond and Allegheny were
most conspicuous. Between Boards the
market fell off % to 1% per cent.—New
Jersey Central, Richmond and Allegheny.
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western and:
Louisville and Nashville being most piomi
nent therein; while Reading sold down 2%
per cent.—to 58%. Afternoon dealings
were dull. From the second Board prices
began to improve and in late dealings an
advance Wfta recorded, ranging from % to
3% per cent.—the latter for Memphis and
Charleston; Richmond and Allegheny, Den
ver and Rio Grande, New Jersey Central,
St. Paul and Texas Pacific were also promi
nent in the upward movement. The market
closed strong.
Sales aggregated 325,000 shares.
Exchange 481% do. new 75
Gov.—New 5‘5... .102% Virginia 6’s
do. New 4%’a.. 114% do. consol’d....
do. New 4’5.... 118%d0., deterred...
Money 4%a6 Adams Express.. .147 *
Coin 74,937 Amer’nExpre' zB .„. 93
Currency....... 4,726 Ches. A Oh’.o 25
Ala., ol’s A, 2to 5. 81%0hicago A. Alton.. 134%
Ala., ol’s A, small.B2 0., St. L, 4 N.O . .80 Z
Ala., cl’s B, 5*5... I‘o%oons. Coal 341/
Ala., cl’s do. 4’5..81%De1, A Lack 125
0. and Northw’n. 127%F0rc Wayne. 134
do. preferred.. 13.9%Han’l A St. Joe. .96%
Erie 42% Harlem *205
East Tenn. K 8... 15%Houston ATexas,.tßs
Georgia R.R 165 Manhattan Elev*d.fso
Klinois Central... 184%Metropolitan Ele. 87
Lake Shore 115 Mioh’n Central....Bß
L. and Nash’s.....97%Mobile A 0hi0.... 84V
M. 79 N. J. Central ftdrz
N. and OhaVa 86 N. A W.,prefd... 57 8
N. Y. Central 184 N. Y. Elevated.... 105
Pittsburg 185 Ohio A Miss .... 37%
Biohm’d and Algh. 33 do., preferred.. *9O
Rich’d A D. R. R..l96%PacifioMail 41%
Rook Island 183 Panama. 195 *
W., St. L. A P.... 37%Quiokrilver 12
do. preferred.. 70 do. preferred.. 61%
W. Union 81%Reading 60%
Georgia....... 109 St. Louis AB. F
do.Ts.Mortg’e.-108 do. preferred... 59%
do. Gold 118% do. Ist. prePd.. 105%
Louisiana c 005... .67%8t Paul 109%
N. Carolina 80 do. preferred. ...122%
do. new 20 Texas Pacific.... 50%
do. funding 11 Union Pacific... ~lls>
do. special tax.. 8 U. 8. Express 76%
Tennessee6’s 75%We11s A Fargo... 129
• Bid. fOfiered.
Tyndall’s theory that heat is simply arc-,
tion in another form must be true. Strike
a man and he immediately boils over.—
There is, however, one exception to the
rule. Strike a warm friend for a short
loan, and he at onoe becomes as cold as an
iceberg.— Philadelphia News.