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(Llje WteW® Ojwwle &
VOLUME XCV
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Augusta. Ga.
notick.
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EDITORIAL NOTES.
Bamirr’s disease is marking more victims
than consumption.
N*t.’ON.»». legislation for the nonce seems
to have degenerated into state dinners and
social receptions.
Young Mr. Wu.M is being petted in Bal
timore society, notwithstanding his erratic
conduct last week.
Arri.ic.iNTs in Washington seem to be
casting up the turf fearfully around the
Anv.nMa post office.
Tut real, solid, independent clement of
Augusto is not in accord with the doubt
ful coalition movement.
That Georgia has long ago buried her
Bourbonism is the verdict of liberal men
in both parties in Georgia.
Tm. countiV seems to be taking time by
th o forelock and to be inserting “bovine
po. jitu under abraisnres of the cuticle."
He. «ims Bourborn Republican journals
are m,'king a point upon the new Carolina
law to separate State and Federal ballot
boxes on election day.
We return thanks to Hou. Thomas F.
Batarp for copies of his recent speech m
favor of a bill to create a commission to
report a plan o. r tariff and excise laws.
Mu. Fhank A. Bum: has an exceedingly in
teresting letter in the. Philadelphia Brest!
upon the liberal movement, as projected by
President Garheiji and prominent Southern
leaders.
Wobk upon the Cincinnati and Georgia
Rill Iroad around Atlanta has been suspend
ed, c atensibly on account of the passage of
a hoa til® ordinance by the Atlanta City ;
Counci?-
Nokthkhn journals are trying to get Air
Bkrc.ii to .come South. What be can do
here doos no<‘ appear. He is too late for the
pinkeye and hardly late enough for the
shawl-neck disputes.
Cot.. Mz.sceli.fß Thornton’ . party* will i
not spring from the Miaikham House Con-'
ference, but will be composed of good
men from the ranks of »II other parties, i
to be known at the Liberals.”
Hott. Emory Si her objects to the appoint- 1
mont of PlbdciEb, ;m postmaster at Athena,
because his hostility to Mr. Spseb will pre
vent the latter's righting Bourbon Dem
ocracy successfully in the Ninth.
Hon A. H. Cox, of laG’range, has written
a letter in which he exprA’sea himaelt with !
favor toward nu independent movement
••bound by no pretext to Democrats and ;
bonne? by no subterfuge to Republicans.”
The fight on National banks awakened
considerable apprehension among the ,
friends of those institutions in the country. ,
There is some anxiety in some quarters to
hear from the Georgia Senators on the sub
ject . ,
It is reported that the Government of the
Ptwiuce of Quebec, C >uada, will favor a
ache me for the astxbli.shtuent of lotteries,
the d wrings of which will annually cause a
distnt ntion of the sum of ten million dol-
lars.
Under the leadership ot Cox and Randall i
the Democratic minority ui the House are ,
organized and powerful, and are defeating !
everything they want to oppose. The bot- ;
tom rail seems to be the leading feature of
the Forty-seventh Congress.
A Fcf.nch scientist is trying to cure pink- |
and other pleuro-pneumonia diseases
by i/moculation, and is willing to introduce
hismidiiod into America. This may be a
relief for the neighing and coughing of all j
Tattersalte. Let him come on.
Boston : “We would like to see ;
Kja. -ar. Wilde. ‘tackle’ a dish of Boston baked I
beat >s- Let him try it as a substitute for ■
lilliae and he may be the agent through .
whom our New England dish can be raised 1
to the h igh dignity of sssthetieism.
There s«'ems to be some difference be- |
tween what President Davis was reported I
to have said i.T New Orleans and what he j
actually did eay. One would infer at i
this distance that Gen. Joe Johnston was
working the wires i'nd sending off Bourbon
dispatches.
Mb. Richardson writes from Washington
that General Lonctskest continues to urge .
the Administration to bestir seDli i
all the help to the young party ** possibly :
can. Col. Henry P. Farrow, *ti’ *® in :
hearty sympathy with the cause, is also there |
to do what lies in his power.
"B ■
Pres says: “When the circus acrobat fall®
off his horse, no one complains; when a
tailor makes a suit of clothes that doesn't :
fit, the customer doesn’t howl; when a
plumber fixys your pipe to burst before he ’
-is off the block, nothing is thought of it.
But it is not so with the funny man—be is
expected to be funny on all occasions and
at a moment’s notice.”
Senator Bill will not answer Dr. Fel
ton’s last letter. The only material point
is the one Dr. Felton has failed to meet.
Has he joined a coalition to Radicalize Geor
gia ? Senator Hill adds that he does not be
lieve this coalition will deceive a single
honest, independent Democrat, and that
even the better class of Republicans will
refuse to join it.
CONVICTION OF Gt ITKAV.
The conviction of Gvitbav will be a cause
of genuine gratification to the people of
this Union and to the lovers of law all over
the world. Not that there is any thirst tor
the blood of the miserable aesassin—his
exeention, which we trust will be prompt—
cannot atone, in the smallest degree, for
the loss of that great life which went out at
Elberon, or deepen the grief which a Nation
felt for the death of an honored President;
bnl that, as Judge Pobteb said, the warning
should reach all lands, that “political mur
der shall not be allowed to avenge political
wrongs or settle political disputes, and that
the political assassin shall find no refuge
on the face of the earth." During the
whole course of the trial the Court has
been impartial and lenient, and public
opinion, characteristic of a great people,
has been tolerant not unmixed with chari
ty. Against every precedent the prisoner
has been allowed full latitude and left alone
and alive for the course of public justice.
Such a record is a proud testimonial of a
mighty and liberty-loving Nation, and is the
grandest tribute a people could pay to the
memory of the departed President; for
into their institutions has been woven,
aiiuw and enduring, their respect for that
law “whose home is the bosom of God.
and whose voice is the harmony of the
world."
MANI FACTL'KKS IN THE SOUTH.
I Every day demonstrates the truth of what
we have always contended in reference to
manufacturing at the South and the fallacy
of Mr. Atkinson’s objections. It is difficult
| to point to the instance of a single mill in
the South, sporadic or otherwise, properly
inaugurated and managed, that has not
proved to be a complete success. We in
Augusta have constant reminders before us
of what can be done in cotton manufacturing.
Dividends, instead of decreasing as Mr. At
kinson hinted, increase and stocks are away
above par. There is no better indication of
what is thought of the matter outside than
■ the investment of a large amount of North
ern capital in our mills. Many of those at
a distance in New York, Philadelphia, Bos-
| ton and Cincinnati—who have thus invested
their money, have never been to Augusta in
order to inspect its great natural advan
tages, but they had seen the figures and
! drew their own conclusions therefrom.
I Practical business men are not apt to be led
i off by chimeras nor can they be induced by
w ild theories from entering into that which
they are satisfied is a good thing. Mills al-
. ready built having gone on from year to
i year successfully, it was fair to presume that
new mills built with all the advantages of
j experience would at least bo as successful;
! hence our Northern friends did not hesi
tate to invest in the Enterprise, Nibley and
the King and invest largely. The future
will show the wisdom of the investment.
The prosperity of Augusta is assured. It will
not be long before all the available water
power in the canal is utilized and our city
will b .ve a large manufacturing popula-
; tion spending the greater proportion of
( the wages received from the factories
with the merchants of Augusta, and thus,
as a matter of course, largely increas
ing the volume of trade. It is fair to
presume that the new factories just com
pleted, or about to be erected, will add
fully ten thousand to our population, and
this is counting only those dependent upon
the mills themselves, without reference to
others who will naturally be induced to
settle here ou account of this addition to
our Industries. The Nibley Mills will be in
operation within a month, the extension of
■ the Enterprise Factory is nearly completed,
'the capital stock —one million dollars -of
the John P. King Manufacturing Company
is all paid in, and the energetic President,
Mr. Chablis Estes, is making preparations
to begin work at once, and the Inman
Manufacturing Company has been organ
ized, with a capital of five hundred thou
sand dollars. Hera are four new factories,
all large affairs, representing over three
millions of dollars, started within a short
time. This does not much look like people
had no confidence in manufacturing in the
South, aud particularly in Augusta. We
arp satisfied that thU is bound to become
the great centre for the manufacture of
brown and colored domestic cotton goods,
and that the time is not far distant when
such will be the case. We have a magnifi
cent water power, a climate admirably
adapted to the manufacture of cotton goods,
excellent operatives, the cotton at the very
doers of the mills, and six railroads to
convey products to all parts of the coun
try. With these great advantages it is rea
■ouable to suppose J fait factories here will
meet with no bar to suoeeM. but will con
tinue to pay handsome returns fie stock
holders ou their investments, /i’he more
factories we have the better will it be for
the general prosperity, and the larger will
be the volume ot trade it; the city, and the
greater the value of real estai*. The section
west of the city is rapidly building up. and
in a few years will be as thickly sctUed aa
auy portion of Augusts. Thee* arc some ot
the benefits that manufacturing confers
upon a community.
PUBLIC EDUCATION.
The country will be glad to see that not a
few of onr National representatives are in
earnest on the subject ot public education.
That this section stands in abundant need
of some such legislation is being recognized,
the more since the showings of the census
show how deeply the shadows of illiteracy
lie upon the face of the South. A well in
formed Western authority shows that the
average percentage ot illiteracy to the to- j
ii»l population in the Southern States is i
fcnui.l to be 23.43, while in Illinois, a new !
State, m comparison with all the others !
named exeejd Texas, the percentage of those I
who cannot write bo the whole population I
is 4.72, and in pionae*states, such as lowa ’
and Kansas, only 2.87,'iu tiza former, and j
3.96, in the latter. This suggestion ot con- '
trast is all that is necessary to illustrate ttio .
point which is to be made. It must not be
inferred that the gross prevalence of illit- j
eracy in the South is entirely due to the ’
presence of tie negroes. The poor whites j
receive but little more education in some '
places than the blacks. A few figures will j
verify this statement. la Alabama 16.81* (
per cent, of the whites are illiterate; in
Arkansas. 16.66 per eent. of the white*; in >
Florida, 13.86 per cent, of the whites; in ;
Georgia, 15.78 per cent, of the whites; in'!
Kentucky, 15.58 per cent of tbe whites; i
in North Carolina, 22.14 per cent, of the'
winter, and so on.
One oi ;fae relief measures is the bill of
Jtr. Login. /Jlinois, which embodies a
proposition to set wii ie the whisky tax as a
National educational fSfc.*,. to be distribut
ed pro rata among the severst i*i?tes for the
snpport of th* common schools,pres. ot; ns a
practical plan for ucjnpelling the people «*.
the South to establish *#,d maintain public
schools which they will riot of their own
motion.
The second bill is by Mr. Blair, ot Neer
Hampshire, which is said to be prominent
ly endorsed by Southern educators. It
proposes to appropriate money from tbe
National Treasury to aid the cause of gener
al education. The bill proposes to appro
fifteen million dollars the first year, four- ]
teen million dollars the second year, and so ’
on for ten years, the snm to be diminish
ed one million dollars for each year, th*
money to lie distributed to the State* and
Territories in proportion to the illiterat*
population of each. Again it is said this
■W-Ovement originated with men in the South
Relieve National aid is necessary to
provide «i£t section with a common school
system adeqwAs to its needs, and the in
formation Senator has received is to
the effect that the people of flu South, with
out regard to politics, are earnesev in favor
of hie bill.
Gem. Hancock has bean i* Washington a
week in consultation with leading Demo
crats. Senator Fexpleton and Judge Thob
man are also in tbe field, while Morrison,
of Illinois, is introducing a gigantti scheme
for the improvement of the navigation of
the Mississippi ijver as bi* war bores for
the coming conflict. The friends of BIaJNE,
Bhzrman and Windom are not idle, and
some bold moves will soon be Biace on the
political chess-board.
I.ETTERS FROM WASHINGTON.
(From Our Staff Correspondent.)
Washington, January 22.—When Senator
Mill entered the Chamber on Thursday
i morning be had not the slightest idea of
speaking on the Refunding bill. But, if you
j will consult the Beeord, it will be made
! plain that the speech he delivered was.
without exception, the most startling and
' original of the session. It was just as mas
i terly in its way as the Alahone encounter,
i although wanting in some of the terrible
details of that memorable occasion. Never
was a dry subject so illuminated, and never
were men so thoroughly “uncovered” as
ex-Preeident Hayes, and ex-Necretaries
Sherman aud Windom. Mr. Hill displayed
at their highest development, his knowledge
of tbe early history of the formation
of this Republic, and a comprehension of
the law, constitutional and common, match
less in the great Congressional arena.
Since the retirement of Mr. Conkling
and degeneracy of Mr. Edmunds, there is
no Republican Senator capable of shivering
lances with him in debate; and so he dis
posed of his adversaries on Thursday with
an ease and dexterity almost amusing. I
once heird poor Bob Alston say that “Ben
Hill stood in the Senate like an invincible
bull-dog, aud disposed of his antagonists
with a shake and a bite I" This illustra
tion came back to my memory when he
Hung aside such potent champions as Sher
man and Windom, on their chosen ground
and special profession. He insisted that
the issue df tbe .per cent, bonds was
unconstitutional, and he proved it. He de
clared that they were issued by a juggle of
bank pressure plus a usurpation of Execu
tive power, and he proved it. He made
good the assertion that his argument would
be on a lino totally different from that of
any other Senator; and he fulfilled the
promise. The country will know now, what
it was ignorant of before, strange to say,
that the bondholders, operating through
the banks, actually secured their 3>,j per
cent, securities by a palpable violation of
the Constitution, on the part of the fraudu
lent President, and that, failing to control
a Democratic Congress, while in session, !
they defied aud battled it, when it adjourn- |
ed. These facts Mr. Hill “uncovered;’.’ !
and it was picturesque enough to behold •
the ghastly appearance of Sherman and
the smug consternation of Windom, a.s the
debate progressed. They made feeble efforts
to break the force of the Georgian’s remorse
less statement; but the truth of history, \
backed by Senator Hill’s eloquence was i
not to be resisted, and, in dumb defeat, I
they allowed Hill to divest them of their j
Senatorial armor and carry off all the tro
phies of the combat. The people of Geor
gia may understand from this sketch, which
dimly conveys the facts ot'*the case, that
their senior Senator is still the oratorical
giant of Congress and that no man now in
public life has so many talents available for
instant service. Our people will also know
that the cruel physical sufferings Mr. Hill
has had to endure, within the past twelve
months, have, in no sense, impaired any of
the qualities that go to constitute Senatorial
supremacy. In moments of impulse, he
may make mistakes; but on tuomentuous
questions that concern the whole country
and arise for discussion in the Senate, who
can eijual him ?
The retirement of Judge Hunt from the
Supreme Bench, on a precedent so bad that
even Senator Hoar protested against it,
marks an important epoch in our history*
It shows how completely all the good old
safeguards of the Republic are being pros
trated. I should not wonder if it were also
the entering wedge to the long-predicted
entrance of Judge Folger into the Supreme
Court’s inner circle, and Mr. Conkling’s ad
vent as Secretary of the Treasury. When
that shall have occurred, the Garfield pro
gramme will be amockery indeed, and “the
lottery of assassination” nearly completed.
It is only the logic of events. I, for one,
do not quarrel with the inevitable, and it
seems to me that the sooner the Stalwarts
undertake the whole job, the sooner the
country will settle down to hold them re
sponsible and prepare retribution. The
lesson taught Robeson in the House may be
profitably taught Cameron in the Senate,
Grant at New York and Arthur in the Ex
ecutive Mansion. There will be not a few
“new deals” before 1881.
If you have auy dull momenta in Avgus
ta, perhaps guessing at the number of
beans iu a jar, which prevails here, may
not only divert idlers, but increase trade.
Some of the steres here, have utilized this
sport as an advertisement. I charge noth
ing for the hint.
While referring to our dear city, which
has a magic reputation at tho North, I may
remark that some of the Georgia colony would
like some specimens of /Anderson Jones’
“poetry” to be published. It would be an
offset to Os£®r Wilde, w’ho has outraged what
is called “society" in Baltimore, by a snub
so palpable that it amounts to a crime. And
yet there are plenty of persons, in the
aforesaid “society,” who wilt pocket the af
front to one of their queens, and hasten to
get a glimpse of a womanish man, who
cares only for their money, and whose
evangel is a compound of cant, glorified
slush aud the effeminate forms of national
decay. The prophets who announce to the
world a mission that improves the beauty
of the soul are stoned by “society.” A
fellow who*is at best a mental upholsterer,
with a symmetrical pair of legs, and whose
doctrine is that of the sensuous Greek of
the Lower Empire, receives the adulation
of fantastic fools and not a little of their
cash. Everybody here is grinning at the
ii-ceat exhibition of what is thought to be
bad manners by some, and a brilliant stage
trick, by others. I said that everybody was
grinning. Let me correct that phrase. I
except the people who were snubbed. They
may be grinning on the wrong side of their
mouths—not otherwise.
While the fashionable world longs to abase
jtsalf before a literary mountebank, who
has nc good thing to give them in the way
of spiritual elevation, and who simply pan- I
ders to their luxurious decadence, while ,
charging them for it at the bo< office of the
opera, the author of iialhleen Afavmirr.een
.jpd other lyrics, set to noble music, is left, |
in his fid age, to gain a precarious liveli- i
hood-almost to starve, iu “the gastro
nomic metropolis of the universe.” Some
sympathizing and admiring friends are try
ing to get up a benefit for this old singer,
whoso ballads have made the tour of the
world, aid stirred the hearts of millions. I
fear that the p«ugi?»>me will fail, for 1 note <
that some of the more movers in i
it aiq poor and neglected, too. TJje world I
of May Fair, that worships Oscar Wilde, ;
has no ducats to bestow upon Stephen !
Crouch, whose msjodies will survive when '
there shall be no record pf the golden gad I
flies and apaneled pioths wpo row glitter ;
in the sun. Thia is a gruesome planet for a ■
man of letters, who has no bank account,
and only knows how to make melody. He
may feel that Fame will climb the church
yard wall, when bo is dead; and that even
“the late remorse of love” shall cojue; when
the grass above his grave • 'sighs to midnight
winds, bat not tokong.” If that content him,
sq bp jt. But many a tuneful spirit has
been silenced or frozen into
prosy eofaiiiQßpiaf-P, rather than be the
prey of »l,uns, tiie yiettin Cf degrading exi
«eatie«>, and a beggar io -Fife and
childrdu soy sustenanca jri vain. Ths t
man who had the Muse, for A i
holier domestic Deity, ijay sigli to think of !
the baubles he has lost and tijo aspirations i
qnetaahfd like fire ; but has he not turned I
his whole affey-life into ths best of poems, j
and may h.e not with the blessed assnr- j
anr<, that nothing probatl? was relinquish- !
ed that yas worth the utterance, a?d out of I
the relics of poetry was built the siateljsr
mansion of hum*a-;ty? But a truce to 1
moralizing. The grim of Rpchefon J
canid stijl holds some pertinent of 1
all ihese-perpfosing problems •’ “Phjfosaphy
can wecoome the evifo of the future; bat'
presefti ills overcome
The autograph fiend comprises oas pf the ;
many nuisances pf the Federal Gspjtal. !
Senators and Represoatstiyes have been so
bored that some of them peremptorily re
fuse to write their signatures in the albums
them. Northern people have a craze !
on tixw subject, just as some people have
for coHeit iag stamps and cracked
china. I remember oyu.ee that a New Yorker
offered to take me to sed stable,
wfee-re Dexter and other sion&fhua ,«tod,
queeais sis the turf were boused. While I j
was adminng cattle, my friend caught a !
glimpse of the and forthwith, !
whipping ont an album, heun. ey rested un- j
til he had secured that c ju-1
tograpis. Bonner's name to a' bank f
check is enough; but why any
sane man wanted to put it in :
an album is either too iugk. J’ low for I
my miagination. I have heard uiti t,*’e
pages kc Congrass make sopiething by this ■
pen scratching, «;14 times, at New Or- .
leans, an ex-Mayor of the ,*»*7 was foreman
of doe Picayune! The boys in the ’
room, one night, sent up two blank scraps.'
of paper for him to write his name upon, !
stating that two ewineiy Stogdin politicians j
who had no time to wait, desired
i his sign manual. Induecounetbeskps war®
! returned in the desired The boys
' instantly utilized them for the prochFPfeient
l of drinks ano oysters at a neighboring sa-.
' loon. The next day, « the foreman w*nt
i into that gin mill for lunch, due bills -
; were presented to him. His surpriea and
may be best expressed by ex- 1
clamatioa py.vi‘ a and dashes. But he could I
not deny his own and he paid :
the bill.’ As he had uifim*titi power over
frooi and the forms, tradition fasti; i, toßt
e gut more than even with his tormentors
—and 1 btijeve in tradition.
Mr. jflcMilui*. pf Tennessee, who still
dispenses an el egam. bpspitality at the
&gps House, tells me that * requires a
hold mao td run for Congress in’his <lfo- 1
trict, because us the fatalities there, which
have fomented s«parstition. Two of his
immediate predecessors died—one before
fpacfajßg Washington apd |J?e other soon
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 1, 1882.
afterward. He himself hoped to break the
spell; but, in so experimenting, came near
breaking his neck and did. indeed contrive,
to dislocate his thigh, on another occasion.
With that painful wound, be dragged him
self through canvass. I hope this
experience will be sufficient to appease
whatever Furies there may be in his dis
trict, and that he may continue to prosper
as he deserves.
There was one Democratic officer of the |
House whom the Republicans did not even
think of removing, and his name is Harry
Smith, the Journal Clerk. He knows more i
about the rules aud parliamentary lew than
the combined wisdom of the two parties,
and therefore was more than worth bis sal- |
ary to an inexpert Speaker like Mr. Keifer.
riarry is one of the very few persons in all i
this world who happens to be indispensa- j
ble.
Some Jersey cattle, of the purest strain
imported by one of the millionaires of this
region, sold at auction, the other day, for
$35 and $oO each. They may have been
the weeding of the stock; but no such state
ment was made in the catalogue or news
papers. . ’
, The House Librarian, who is also named
Smith, and rather indispensable, is a col
ored man. He has been, for many years,
Assistant Librarian, and, being gifted with
a phenomenal memory, knows every book
and its contents, as tbe veteran pilot under
stands the physical geographycf the water
courses. Smith is frequently used to illus
trate the capacity of the negro race. But he
is nearly white, and the comparison is not
so forcible in his case as in that of others
who constitute a genuine ethnological type.
A Roman Catholic gentleman here in
forms ma that many of the blacks and col
ored people have become members of that
communion. He also stated, on the au
thority of a clergyman, that negroes would
be almost perfect Christians it two com
mandments of the Decalogue could be ob
literated. I need not specify what those
commandments are, but observation teaches
me that the same thing applies to white
people. Those edicta that prove stumbling
blocks to negro sanctity are equally hard
for the white man’s practice, from all ac
counts. If the newspapers are to be cred
ited, in some parts of this world, the white
man’s transgression, in these regards, is
“as Ossa to a wart.”
If it is true that only a. certain quantity
of rain falls during tach year, I wonder
where the moisture will come from next
Summer. If this weather lasts much
longer, we had better prepare for another
drouth. Uncle Sam Tilden’s "upward
curve” of the sun will wither vegetation,
when it most needs a sprinkling.
Mrs. Belva A. Lockwood, the female law
yer, rides about the streets on a tricycle.
She has a venerable and not unkind aspect.
Indeed, her face rather belies her notoriety";
but sometimes the sleekest folks are the’
most to be feared, and that horrid pirate,
Lambro, whom Byron spoke about, had the
mildest of manners.
The passage of a bill in the Maryland
Legislature to punish with flagellation the
man found guilty of beating his wife is
looked for with interesting certainty. But
what is to be done with the woman that
beats her husband? I suppose there are
such cases in Maryland, and I have just
read of one in Georgia.
It was thought that Moore, the new Re
publican member from Tennessee, had been
about squelched, for a year or two, when in
the first days of the session, he undertook
to do in speaking what Dogberry did in
writing. But he was only scotched and not
suppressed. He popped up, one day last
week, and had to be mildly sat down upon.
I am of opinion that his fussiness and self
conceit are too much for even tho House in
concentration. He has a remote seat, at the
farthest row of desks, but he does not stay
there. He pushes himself prominently
forward, as it he were the most conspicuous
member; and his poses are something sub
lime. He has thick dark hair, close-crop
ped, fitting his head like a door mat. His
eyes are of an oyster hue. His complexion
is swarthy. A stubby moustache gives
pertness to his upper lip. When his gold
rimmed glasses are astraddle his nose he
looks what Albert Lamar calls “cocky.”
He may not be able to boss the House
as he probably does his clerks in
Memphis, but I should not wonder if he
tried the job. 1 once heard a pretty woman
say she had married au ill-favored man in
order to get rid of him. Perhaps the House
will try what effect giving Mr. Moore full
swing will have. Ordinarily, the smartest
new members are content to bide their
time; and ninety-nine men in any given
hundred would have profited by such a
lesson as both parties gave Mr. Moore’s first
“assumacy.” But there are some persons
who cannot keep still when prudence dic
tates such discretionary inaction, and there
are many skittish people who “never open
their mouths but they put their foot iu it.”
The late Gov. H. V. Johnson had a blunter
way ot saying the same thing of such license;
but I will not repeat it. It may be, too,
that the Memphis membar will turn out a
Disraeli; but the betting is all the other
way- J. R. R.
Washington, January 24.—A very promi
nent Republican, who has just returned
from an extensive tour of Georgia, has given
me, without reserve, his views of the Inde
pendent movement or revolt in that com
monwealth. He says: “About the worst
place in this Union for a Mahons exploita
tion is Georgia. There is not the ghost of
a chance for its success; neither is there
any plausible excuse for it. The organized
Democrats onn the State and they are sure
to keep it. They have the power, the pres
tige and the machinery. The Felton experi
ment is the biggest fizzle of this decade, and
Dr. Felton has committed political suicide.
The Republicans in Georgia will not join
him in Lis crusade, because they have not
offices to go around among themselves, and
they have sense enough to see that
these so-called Independents are intent
upon nothing but spoils. Besides this,
Dr. Felton’s quasi flop into the Republican
camp will drive thousands of discontented
Democrats back into their regular party
ranks and they will become more solidly
compact than ever. I think, too, that Dr.
Felton, instead of doing Senator Hill any
harm, has exalted him immeasurably, and
future events will demonstrate this beyond
a peradventure. Mark my words : In the
next campaign, even Emory Speer will
have to run for Congress as au organized
Democrat, and submit to a caucus nomina
tion, or he will be defeated. The Republi
cans of the Ninth District will make a nom
ination and so will the regular Democracy,
If Speer shall run as an Independent,
he will be ground so powder between
the upper and nether millstones. I
think that Florida may become a Republi
can State, within a few years; but that is
doubtful. Mahope has given Virginia a
temporary backset, because of the folly of
his opponents on a local issue; but the Old
Dominion is just as sure to return to the
Democratic column at the next National
election gc that election will occur. My
opinion is that Mr. Blount lifts the inside
track, at present, for Governor of Georgia.
But the man, whoever he may be, nominat
ed by the Democratic party, will make
mincemeat of any opposition.”
The above is almost word for word the
opinion cf an intelligent Republican, who
has li'elq b.ig)i apd'important trusts, and
who maife It his‘business, recently, to visit
Georgja and see for himself. If President
4jtliur shall continue to advise Republi
cans tharp f.q coalesce with jjri Felton arid
his followers, ip tlis hope of repeating the
Virginia experiment, he will have hjs labor
for nothing, and such a mortification as
even the White House has seldom endured.
J am informed distinctly that Mr. Speer
has on fije at the frost Department a
letter protesting against ttie appoiydmept of
Pledger as Postmaster at Athens. Anotjier
colored man so preferred to the one most
prominently mentioned- The reason as
signed, jn writing, by Mr. Speer toy this
action is that Pledger, being hostile, will
"emkarrasg hiiji in his ne.it campaign against
the Bouriion pmcicracg." This is said to be
the gist gs fh.e Jettey. As pledger has a
copy of it, 1 presume he wiU Phbljsh jf, in
due season, if, indeed, he has not already
done so. The next campaign of Mr. Speer
against “the Bourbon Democracy” may
*nd in away that he little dreams of.
* • Petrick Walsh spent a day here, en
route’ito lfew >crj:, end was warmly wel
comed by hii many G;n.' , ''ook
and Mr. Turner feasted him at tie ffigga
House, and great regrets "were expressed
ho did not tarry longer and submit to
further
'The Senate’eaißsfoi on the late Gen.
Burnside were very admirably
Brevity as well'as good taste characterized
tkev'. Hampton arid Hale delivered theif
adaMfißW notea or manuscript 1 .
All the others reaa feor slips. For the
first time, I suspect, in air his life, K,. Ed
munds did not trust to' his inspiration or
iin,a;ory It is generally conceded that
Hampton's sp*»c£ was the most eloquent,
and Ransom's the most Senator
Anthony is for this kind ot cou,-
p ; and be did riot fail to maintain
bis‘irputaficß: ~’h en lamenting ' for Burn
sbje Ijavi^' did for but I fio
ticeiuhfo printed tjmt hrisnrils
cypress ‘'eyprua.”
Senator Vance gave bis first honsewarm
ifig ls£t Saturday. It was exclusively for
tar-heels. They had a royal time. If onr
old friend, Eli Branson, had been here, he
wonld have had an invitation, and se*n the
old North Stato in all the glory of a Wash
ingtib -s-eption.
Talking the oh. a* cbopt how some
people harped about a public man a ec
casional change of base, Mr. Stephens
said that he once heard William H. Seward
observe that much of his success could be
traced Jo the fact that he never defended
himself against the charge of inconsistency.
'This is on the line of advice 'to a young
Judge, who was counselleu never to give
any reasons for his decisions. In the Sen
ate, to-day, Mr. Beck read a paragraph from
Lord Greenville’s essays, to the effect that
no man of affairs was gifted with supernat
ural infallibility, and that it was tke supreme
of honesty to retire from error, and make
an undisguised avowal of it.
The Republicans hope to make much
capital out of the Mormon and woman suf
frage questions. A prominent Democrat
said to me: “I think the Republicans will
have trouble with their Mormon crusade,
because if tifte ‘Saints' are conpelled to
i compare records, on the score of morality,
many of their chief persecutorswill wish
they had never been born. I arc inclined
| to think that the women will finally succeed
in their demands. The Republicans hope
, to regain the South in this way. expecting
that negro women will vote, ‘to a man,’
while white females will shrink from the
ordeal and privilege." During the conver
sation. Gen. Cook said a colored mtn from
hie part of the country, who was worth
about $30,000, happening to be ia Wash
ington the other day, concluded that he
could have some diversion, at th* cheap
late of ten cents admission, by attending
one of Miss Susan B. Anthony’s sessions at
Lincoln Hall. While there, he heard one
ot the speakers, an Indiana lady, Hectare
that it was a monstrous outrage that igno
rant negro men should be enfranchised
while intelligent white women wer* out
lawed like Indians and idiots. She went
on to say that she had hired a colored man
to whitewash her house, and, during his per
formance of that job, bad engaged him in
conversation on the subject uppermost in
her mind. To her intense indignation the
black brother retorted: “Does you think,
m’am, that the women of this country are
eddicated up to the right of suff.age?”
It is generally thought by Georgians
here that Mr. Hill has no caiise to make
any further answer to Dr. Felton’s
latest card. The Senator’s reply, in
the first instance, is regarded as a
masterpiece ; and a veteran statesman,
who is not blind to what are called Mr.
Hill’s faults, declares that it is “ the best
thing that ever came from the Senator’s
pen.” Mr. Hill is also in receiptof many
letters from men in Georgia, hitlnrto hos
tile to him, warmly espousing his cause.
Many people went to see Oscar Wilde,
out of cariosity, who would not spind ten
cents, much less a dollar, to go again ;
but the majority do not approve of the
brutal treatment accorded him by some of
the editorial fraternity. Oscar may be a
charlatan ; but he said a true thing worth
repeating, when he rebuked tho art of this
fcity which “ran exclusively to brorge gen
erals.”
There was a little spat in the House to
day on the rather trifling subjects of ad
mitting some goods free of duty for the
benefit of “exodustiug” negroes wko were
destitute in Kansas. The whole tariff ques
tion came near being evoked. Nuniet Cox
wanted the white man to have a chance and
made some hits about free trade and “ rev-
enue only but the House did not care to
pqrsue ihe matter and it was alloyed to
pass.
Party lines were not tightly drawn in dis
cussing tho appropriation bill for fortifica
tions. Gen. McCook wanted the largest
possible sum, and argued that the United
States could not, at present, defend them
selves against tho naval fleets of England - ,
Franco, Germany, Spain or Chili. He
thought it not impossible that we should
have another war when least expected. Mr.
Hiscock favored economy and laughed at
the idea of there being any danger from
war of any kind. Atkins backed up His
cock. liobeson made an excellent speech.
He favored liberal appropriations, but not
for old-fashioned forts, which were out of
date. He made the important statement,
on Gen. Sherman’s authority, that qur
whole sea coast could be impregnably de
fended, in 30 days, with water-batteries,
earthworks and sand-bag intrenchuients.
None of the great foreign iron-clad meuof
war could safely enter auy of our harbors.
The question was simply one of ordnance.
It was pointed out, by a Democratic speaker,
that while it was indeed a question of ord
nance, the United States did not now have
and could not make seigo guns like those
of Armstrong and Krupp, and that a Euro
pean iron-clad could shell our batteries
without being reached by any of our can
non. It is manifest, therefore, that the
United States must either prepare to make
guns equal to those of England and Ger
many or purchase them abroad. Possibly
there is a job iu the whole thing, but it
touches the pride of Americans, and some
thing must be done to remedy the de
ficiency. <
There was also a struggle over the resolu
tion to allow clerks to what Sam Cox calls
‘■the ornnmental'couimitteeH.” There wap
an attempt to pass it without debate, but
the minority, which is a tremendous power
when handled properly, broke the quorum
by not voting, and forced an adjournment’
without final action on the resolution. This
was done to punish the majority for their
previous question gag, and to compel them
to hear Mr. Cox on the other side. I pre
sume that that gentlemen will have his say,
and that then the matter will be settled as
the Republicans wish. The Democrats are
simply following the precedents set by Gar
field, Conger, and other leaders of the
House, in the Forty-sixth Congress, and
they are 'demonstratibg their ability to
thwart, if not utterly prevent, any unfair or
partisan legislation.
As a side-show to the clerical demonstrat
ion, an effort was made to appoint an as
sistant to run the elevator at $1,200 per an
num. McKenzie, of Kentucky, thought the
man now in office ought to resign if he
could not manage the machine by himself.
I hear th.xt the present attempt is to pro
vide a place for the defeated applicant, who
had petitioned Speaker Keifer in verse or
worse. Just think of a man trying to run
the elevator by rhyming his way to the
hearts of average Congressmen !
Mrs. Lincoln will get an additional pon
sion; not because she needs, but because
she is—Mrs. Lincoln. Her son is not com
plimented by the action of Congress.
Senator Beck is a prodigy of hard labor
and research. He does more work than
any other Congressman, and more speak
ing. He has not a spark of what men call
genius; but he does possess an extraordina
ry faculty of delving for facts that con
stitutes him a most dangerous antagonist
on ground of his own choosing and prepa
ration, His latest hobby is to punish Na
tional bank officers, who are delinquent in
their duty. He charges that the Treasury
at Washington, in conjunction with the
banks, is the source of nearly all Wall
street gambling; that the sinking fund is a
juggle and deception an arrant humbug to
frighten Senators and the country; that the
banks are opposed to a rapid payment of
the National debt, because they would have
no bonds to survive upon; and that the
entire financial legislation of Congress has
been in favor of the large banks and against
small ones. He ridiculed the deposit of
$50,000 in bonds, no matter what the capi
tal of the bank was; and he declared that
the way New York banks gambled with their
bonds was destructive of security to depos
itors and stockholders. He insisted that
these institutions should become only the
fiscal agents of tbe Government, apd should
not be allowed, as they are, to remain the
masters ot Presidents, Secretaries and Con
gress. He thought the country was in a
bad way if National bankers were its most
conservative citizens. He djd not relish a
conservatism that could defy the law, bull
doze a President, and stimulate panics by
lipentjots poptraction of the currepoy. He
assailed tl;e Oompifplkqs fojr deljpqgeney,
and denounced the over issue of certificates
in New York as a bucket-shop device that
merits the condemnation of the people and
their representatives iu Congress.
When these speeches against the Na
tional banks are made in Congress,
and they, ara periodical, J notice that
Senators apd lieprpsentatiyee interested
in such corporations seem highly amus
ed. But the hanks do not lack for de
fenders, and I suspect that they know how
to duend themselves. Besides, it is so easy to
tear down, and so hipa to build up. The
National tanking system is not perfect;
but it is the best we ever had. J think that
there would be much more chance of
reforming wjjat is defective if the men who
make an effort in that qifeotiog weye not sp
extreme and passionate.
Eulogies op thp late Senator Carpenter, of
Wisconsin, will consume the time of both
Blouses op Wednesnay. They wjll be cu
rious reading, no doubt. Mr. Carpenter was,
intellectually, one of the most gifted of
ipankipd- in the breadth Pui force as his
mjnd he resembled Gen. Toomas, and, in
old pays, bp had the aame jeonine aspect.
But, morally, the brilliant statesman and
profound lawyer of Wisconsin was nearly
bankrupt, and he became, at last, the victim
of his lower nature. Apetites of a sensual
kind wrecked and killed him. What there
wae rCo' jp Jjitnwill no doubt be magnified
by those who rise tn thei? seam io mevfosm
a perfunctory’ duty of praish. The rbal
lesson may not be recorded in Senate or
House. We may not learn from any Con
gressman that talents and high station are
not the moist objects, and that
virtue is 6eß.' ‘ q, k. ji.
EXPENSIVET.EGISLATION.
It < Mt* to Ke«p Congress tn Session
!±'
Washington, January 2-|. —A hasty, al
though somewhat accurate compilation of
the cost in maintaining the House of Repre
sentatives of this country at the capital,
shows it to be about $23 a minute. Prob
ably no reader of the Sentinei ever thought
that each little remark, objection, or move
i<y 3 member of the House costa from
$lO to fiioff How many memfeem Ja4alga
in SSOO speeches every day ! And yet how
many there are who indulge in SIO,OOO I
speeches, too ’ Three days, almost, were
taken up by the efforts of Mr. Robeson, of
New Jersey, to increase the number of mem
bers of standing committees. At $23 a min
ute. what a cost! Members often spend
SIO,OGO ia lima by ohjectipg to be appro
priation of SIOO. The people or the ctftin
try should learn to appreciate the proceed
ings of Congress, for they are very high in
price, very rare.
Worth uses Ottoman silks in new dresses,
but they are not saleable here.
GI’ITEAU TO THE GALLOWS.
THE ASSASSIN CONVICTED OF THE
CRIME OF MVRDEH.
Fitting Consummation of the Trial of
Guiteau—The Jury Swift In Passing
i'pun the Murderer—Closing Scenes in
the Trial—America’s Warning to Politi
cal Assassins All Over the World.
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle.)
Washington, January 25. Judge Porter
resumed the argument and reviewed the
testimony of John AV. Guiteau. The pris
oner interrupted him continuously, with
the exclamations: “That’s a lie,” “you’re a
blood man, ” 'etc. He became so violent tin d
noisy that it was with the greatest difficulty
the bailiffs could quiet him. The inter
ruptions of the prisoner increased in vio
lence and frequency till, reinforced by ob
jections from Scoville, the clamor and din
for a moment resembled a small babel.
Judge Porter continued his argument
amid the struggle to make his voice heard
against the clamor and vile abuse of the
prisoner. He closed at three o’clock, and,
in conclusion, said: “He who has ordained
that human life be shielded by human law
from hnman crime presides over your de
liberations, and the verdict which you will
give to-day will be recorded where' we are
all to come at the Great Day. I trust the
verdict will be prompt and will uphold the
majesty of the law aud reflect credit upon
your integrity, and that the warning shall
reach all lands that political murder shall not
be permitted to avenge political wrongs or
settle political disputes. I trust you will so
discharge your duty that by your action, at
least, political assassination 'shall find no
sanctien to make pt a precedent hereafter,
and I hope the time will come when by in
ternational agreements the law shall be
strengthened, that the political assassin
shall find no refuge on the face of the earth.
The assassin of Garfield knew that against
the law of God he was breaking with
bloody hands into the house of life, but he
did not know that over his grave—if a grave
he is to have—would be written this in
scription: ‘The grave of the cowardly assas
sin, the swindler and the murderer.’ He
did not know when Garfield yielded up his
life that the hand that aimed that pistol
afiinst his life wrote the name of James
A. Garfield in characters of living light ijpon
the firmament as radiant as if every letter
was traced in living stars.”
Judge Cox then read his charge to the
jury. He commenced by saying that the
Constitution provides that in all criminal
prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the
right of speedy and public trial by an im
partial jury, in tbe State and ‘ district
where the crime shall have been committed;
that he shall be informed of the cause and
nature of accusation against him; that be
shall be confronted with the witnesses
against him; that he shall have compulsory
process to obtain witnesses in his favor, and
that he shall have the assistance of counsel
in his defense. Those provisions were in
tended for the prelection of the innocent
from injustice and oppression, aud it was
only by their faithful observance that guilt
or innocence could be fairly ascertained. —
Every accused person was presumed to be
innocent until the accusation was proved.
With what difficulty and trouble the law
had been administered in the present
case the jurors had been daily wit
nesses. It was, however, a consolation
to think that not one of those sacred guar
antees of the Constitution had been violated
in the person of the accused. At last the
long chapter of proof was ended, the task
of the advocate was done and it now rested
with the jury to determine the issue be
tween public justice and the prisoner at the
bar. No one could feel more keenly than
himself the great responsibility of his
duties, and be felt that he could only dis
charge them by close adherence to tho law
as laid clown by its highest authorities.
Before proceeding further he wished to
notice an incident which had taken place
pending the recent argument. The prison
er had frequently taken occasion to pro
claim that public opinion, as evi
denced by the press and correspon
dence, was in his favor. Those decla
rations could not have been prevented
except by the process of gagging the
prisoner. Any suggestion that the' jury
could be influenced by such lawless chat
tering of the prisoner would have seemed to
him absurd, and he should have felt that he
was insulting the intelligence ot the jury if
he had warned them not to regard it; Coun
sel for the prosecution had felt it necessary,
however, iu the final argument to interpose
a'c mtradictiou to such a statement, and an
exception had been taken on the part of the
accused to the form in which that effort was
made. For the sole purpose of purging the
the record of auy objectionable matter, he
should simply say that anything which had
been said on either pide in reference to pub
lic excitement, or to newspaper opinion, was
not to be regarded by the jury. The indict-
ment charged the defendant with having 1
murdered Janies A. Garfield, aud it was tho
duty of the Court to explain the nature of
the crime charged. Murder was committed
where a person of sound memory and dis
cretion unlawfully killed a reasonable
being, in the peace of the United
•States, with malace aforethought. It
had to be proved, first, that death
was caused by the act of the accused and
further, that it was caused with malice afore
thought. That did not mean, however, that
the Government had to prove any ill-will or
hatred on the part of the accused toward
the deceased. Whenever a homicide was
shown to haveheen committed without law
ful authority and with deliberate intent, it
was sufficiently proved to have been done
with malice aforethought, and malice was
not disproved by showing that the accused
had no personal ill-will to the deceased and
that he killed him from other motives, as,
for instance, robbery or through mistaking
him for another, or, as claimed in this ease,
to produce a public benefit. If it could be
shown that the killing occurred in a heat of
passion or under provocation, then it would
appear that there was no premeditated at
tempt aud, therefore, no maliee aforethought,
and that would reduce the crime to man
slaughter. It was hardly necessary, how
ever, to say that there was nothing of that
kind in the present case. The jury would
have to say either that the defendant was
guilty of murder or that he was innocent.
In order to constitute the crime of murder
the assassin must have a ‘ reasonably sane
mind ; in technical terms, he must be “of
sound mind, memory and discretion. ’ An
irresponsibly insane man could not commit
murder. If he was laboring under dis
ease of the mental faoulties to such
an extent that he did not know
what he was doing, or did not
know it was wrong, then he was
wanting in that sound mind, memory and
discretion that was a part of the definition
of murder. In the next place, every de
fendant was presumed to be innocent until
the accusation against him was established
by proof. In the tffext place, notwithstand
ing this presumption of innocence, it was
equally true that the defendant was pre
srfmeq to be sane apd to have been sq at the
time the prime was committed. That is to
say, the Government was not bound to show
affirmatively, as a part of its proof, that the
defendant was sane. As insanity was an
exception, as the majority of men are sane,
the |aw presumes the fatter condition of every
man unti| seme reason was ghawn to be|jev‘e
to tlm pontyary- The fcqrdep was, therefore,
qn the defendant, who sat up insanity as
an excuse for the crime, to produce proofs
in the first instance to show that that pre
sumption was mistaken, so far as it related
to the prisoner. The crime, therefore, in
volved three elements-killing, malice and
a responsible mjnd ip murder'." After all the
evidence was before the jury, if the jury,
while bearing in mind both those presump
tions—that is, that the defendant is inno
cent 'till he is proved guilty, and that he is
sane ’till the contrary appears-still enter
tained what is called a reasonable doubt or
any ground, qr as to, any of the essential
ejemente of the crime, then the defendant
was entitled to the benefjta of that doubt
and to an acquittal.
■fudge Cox piGcepded tq say that it was
qirtjcult to give the exact definition of what
a reasonable doubt consisted, but he gave a
number of illustrations conveying an ap
proximate idea. He then proceeded to say .
The jury would find no difficulty jn reach
ing a conc'psisn as to qll the elements that
make up tfie crime charged in the indict
ment, except it might be one of sound mind,
memory and discretion; but that was only a
technical expression for a responsible sane
man. He now approached that difficult
question. He had already said that ne man
who is insane in the sense that makes him
irresponsible, cannot commit crime. The
defense of insanity had been so abr;eei} as
to ha brought intq
was tpe last resort in cases of unquestion
ed' gtiilt It had Veeri an exduee for
juries to bring in a verdict of acquittal when
there was public sympathy for the accused,
and especially where there w»s provocation
fcr the hoigjcide, according tp public
sentipient, but nqt'accor'ding to law. For
that reason the defense ot insanity was view
ed with disfavor, and public sentiment was
hostile to it. Neverthsleaa, if insanity were
established to the qegree necessary, it was
a perfect defense to an indictment for mur
der, and must be allowed full weight. It
would be observed that in this case
was no trouble with question about
what might be called total insanity, such as
ravihg' mania or absolute imbecility, ip
which all the exercise ot reason is wanting,
and where there is no recognition qf persons
or things, or tfiei’ relations. h»ut there
a debatable bor'der line between' sanity and
insanity, and there was often great diffi
culty in determining on which side of
this line a party was to be put. There
were cases in which a man’s mental facul
ties generally seemed to be in full vigor,
but where on one single subject he
to *be deranoed, A ipai was possessed,
perhaps, owthe belief of Something'absurd
which he 'tould ndt be ' reasoned out of
(what was called an insane delusion), or he
might have some morbid propensity, seem
ingly in harsh discord with the rest of his
intellectual and moral nature. Those
were cases which, for want of a better term,
were called partial insanity. Sometimes its
existence and sometimes its limits were
doubtful and undefinable, and in those
cases it was difficult to determine whether
the patient had passed the line of moral or
legal accountability for his actions. The
jury would bear in mind that a man did
not become irresponsible by the mere fact
of his being partially insane. Such
a man did not take leave of his
passion by becoming insane. He might
retain as much control over them
as in health. He might commit of
fenses, too, with whiph his infirmity had
nothing to do. He might be sane as to the
crime he committed, might understand its
nature, and might be governed by the same
motives in relation to it as other people,
while on other subjects, having no relation
whatever to the crime, he might be the vic
tim of delusion. Whenever this partial in
sanity was relied on as a defense it must
appear that the crime charged was the"
product of the delusion or other morbid
condition and so connected with it as effect
with cause, and that it was not the result of
the same reasoning which the party might
be capable of, notwithstanding his'limited
and circumscribed disorder. Assuming
that infirmity of mind had direct influence
ou the difficulty was to fix the character
of the disorder which fixed the responsibili
ty or irresponsibility in law. The outgoing
of the judicial mind on that subject had not
been always entirely satisfactory nor in har
mony with the conclusions of medical
science. Courts had in former times
passed upon the law in regard to insanity
without regard to the medical aspect of the
subject, but it would only be properly
dealt with by tho concurrence of harmonious
treatment between the two sciences of law
and medicine. Courts had, therefore, adopt
ed and again discarded one theory after an
other in the effort to find some common
ground on which to stand, and his effort
would be to give the jury the results most
commonly accepted by the Courts. It
would be well to say a word to the jury as
to the kind of evidence by which Courts
and juries were guided in this difficult
and delicate inquiry. That subtle es
sence called mind defied, of course,
ocular inspection. It could only be known
by its manifestations. The test was as to
whether the conduct of a man and his
thoughts aud emotions conformed with
those of persons of sound mind, or whether
they contrasted harshly with it. By that,
judgment was formed as to a man’s sound
ness of mind, and for that reason evidence
was admissible to show conduct and lan
guage that would indicate to the general
mind some morbid condition of the intel
lectual powers. Everything relating to this
mental and physical history was, therefore,
relevant, because any conclusion on the sub
ject must often rest on a large number of
facts, and letters spontaneously written af
forded one of the best indications of mental
condition. Evidence of insanity in parents
was always pertinent, but juries' were never
allowed to infer insanity in .the ac
cused from the mere fact of' its ex
istence in his ancestors. When, how
ever, there was evidence tending to
show insane 'conduct ou the part of the
accused, evidence of insanity in his ances
tors was admissible as corroborative of the
►other. Therefore, it was that in thia case
the defense had been allowed to intro
duce evidence covering the whole life of the
accused, and reaching, also, his family
antecedents. In a case so full of detail, he
should deem it to be his duty to call the at
tention of the jury to particular parts of it,
but he wished the jury to distinctly under
stand that it was their province, and not
his, to decide upon facts, and if he
at any time seemed to express or
intimate an opinion on fact, which
he did not design to do, it would not be
binding on them, but they must draw their
own conclusions from the evidence. The
instructions which he had already given to
the jury imported that the true test of crim
inal responsibility, where the defense of
insanity was interposed, was whether the
accussed had sufficient use of his reason to
understand the nature of the act with which
he was charged and to understand that
it was wrong for him to commit it. If
those were the facts he was criminally re
sponsible for the act, whatever peculiarities
might be shown of him iu other respects.
On the other hand, if his reason were so
defective in consequence of brain disease,
so that he could not understand what he
was doing, or could not understand that
what he was doing was wrong, he ought to
be treated as an irresponsible lunatic.
Judge Porter concluded his speech fate
this afternoon, when it was suggested that
the Court adjourn until to-morrow. Judge
Cox submitted to the jury the question
whether they would prefer to remain
and hear his charge to-day, or wait until
to-morrow. They chose to hear the charge
at once. J ndge Cox accordingly delivered
his charge, and at 4:40, p. m., the jury re
tired, and came into the Court again at 5:36
and rendered a verdict of guilty as indicted.
THE PRISONER’S EXECUTION.
Huw laing It Can Be Delayed Under the
Law,
Washington, January 23. -If the jury iu
the Guiteau case should bring in a verdict
of “guilty” at any time before Monday
next, at which time the next term of the
Criminal Court will begin, the counsel for
the prisoner will be entitled to file their
bill of exceptions at any time during the
continuance of the forthcoming term, and
the Court will be compelled to grant a hear
ing upon the exceptions at once. If the
exceptions are overruled, Judge Cox can,
under the saw, at once pass sentence, and
.within thirty days thereafter the sentence
can be executed. The saw provides that
tho prisoner shall be entitled to one
intervening term between the conviction
and the sentence. If the counsel for Gui
teau should fail to file their bill of excep
tions before the termination of the next
term (the one beginning on Monday next),
then Judge Cox can within ten days after
the termination of said term pronounce
sentence. The only contingency which
would, in case of conviction, postpone tbe
execution of the sentence until September,
would be the failure of the jury to convict
before Monday next, providing, of course,
that Judge Cox is disposed so to sentence
the prisoner as to grant him the minimum
grace allowed by the saw. As was said by
an eminent lawyer this afternoon in dis
cussing this question, there are several
matters to be considered in determining
the ultimate result, and as the prisoner is
not yet convicted, it will for some days
remain a matter of uncertainty how long,
under the law and the possible exercise of
discretionary clemency on the part of
Judge Cox, the prisoner may be allowed to
live.
THE FALLEN ROBCOE,
t
How Ex. Senator Conkling I.oak* ami
Talk* in New York,
New York, January 24.—Mr. Conkling,
whom some fear to be th*> President’s alter
native for the Treasury Department, is
looking very well, as far as I could see, his
shoulders still being straight and his eyes
placid. He is around the Fifth Avenue Ho
tel much of the time, and can often be seen
talking on the sidewalk at 10 o'clock at
night with some very moderate personage.
It is understood that he is to stay in private
life. The PreMdent could not certainly do
a more foolish thing just now than to put
him in the Cabinet. The end would be that
in a little while the Administration would
be in such a small minority of its party that
the White House would become lonesome
except from office beggars. The idea that
Tom Platt is going to be Secretary of the
Treasury is an insult to the President to
have it suggested.
Beecher Qn cnriat’s Appearance.
At fast evening’s service in the Lecture
l»oom of Plymouth Church, Henry Ward
Beecher spoke of the human conception of
Christ. “There is no personal description
of Christ to be found jn the Scriptures,”
said he. “The only matter in this connec
tion that apy of the evangelists seem to have
specially referred to was. His eyes, and of
these some of them speak in such a manner
as to lead one to infer that there was a won
drous magnetism in His gaze. All the pic
tures of Christ are, therefore, humbugs from
a historical point of view. There was an
impression of Christ’s face taken by some
Greek artists, it is true, but this impression
is not to be trusted, as it presents to us a
Greek head, and Christ was not a Greek,
but a Jiew. Probably, if we could see a
picture of Christ aa He really was, we should
be shocked, as all previous impressions we
had formed with regard to. His appearance
would in all likelihood fee entirely de
stroyed. Christ wqa a Hebrew of the He
brewa, and he probably had a strong Jewish
cast of countenance, for no race has ever
existed which has had more marked per
sonal characteristics than the Jewish race.
As far as conceiving Christ in every-day life
goes, continued Mr. Beecher, “J must ad
mit that 1 cannot picture Him as stsn fling
over a wash tub, but werhl to imagine Him
as making bread, for instance—if J were to
imagine H,m in this manner at all—l should
certain.iy think of Him. as making the beat
best bread that was possible to be made, and
exercising due moderating, when it came to
eating it.”
Commuted-
A youn'g man named William F. Tavlor,
who is a Justice of the Peace in F.ffinghwm
caiMAiy was committed to jail by Justice
Vaughan, Tuesday, in default of bond, for
trial in the City Court, Monday, on the
charge of larceny from the person. Taylor
is charged with taking a gold watch and
chain, sll 75 in money, and a pocket knife
from Mr. Timothy Buckley, whije rtding in
a hack with him. Tayjor w aß previously
bound oyer to the City Court by Recorder
jy'ebb on the efearge of carrying concealed
Weapons, A young man named William hl-
Bawls, who was with Taylor, was ajso com
mitted by the Recorder on the charge, of
carrying concealed weapons, but afterwards
gave bond for his appearance. Taylor and
Rawls claimed that they had come to Angna
ta after a burglar, but showed rjo warrant
|or bis arrest.
S 2 A YEAR—POSTAGE PAID
| FORTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS.
BOTH HOUSES IN SOMETHING LIKE
WORKING ORDER.
Much Buslneaa Transacted Yesterday-
Extending the Morning Hour—Bill* In
troduced—Passage of the Fortification
Appropriation Bill In the House.
(By Telegraph to the Chronicle.)
SENATE.
Washington, January 24.—The Chair
laid before tho Senate sundry reportsof sur
vey made under the River and Harbor act in
Oregon, Mississippi, Maryland and Massa
chusetts, which were referred to the Com
mittee on Commerce.
, Mr. Blair, of New Hampshire, from the
Committee on Pensions, reported a bill for
the relief of Mary Lincoln, widow of Abra
ham Lincoln, and asked its present con
aiucration. The bill was passed.
P MB ®d to-day appropriates $15,-
UOU tor Mrs. Lincoln’s immediate relief
increases her present pension to $5 -
000 per annum.
The credentials of Senator MoDill, of
lowa, were presented and he was sworn in.
Mr. George, of Mississippi, introduced a
bill to make the Agricultural Department
an Executive Department. Referred
The credentials of Senator Wilson, of
lowa, were presented and plnoed on -file
Additional bills introduced: By Mr. John
-Bi°n, of Virginia—To repeal so much of the
Revised Statutes as imposes an export tax
on tobacco.
By Mr. Beck, of Kentucky—For the
punishment of officers of National banks
who illegally issue certified cheeks.
By Mr. teller, ot Colorado—A joint reso
lution declaring forfeited, so far as the same
have not been earned by fullfilment of their
conditions, land grants to twenty-two rail
roads enumerated by the bill, including
the Northern Pacific, Atlantic and Pacific
and Texas Pacific. The estimated quantity
ql lands granted to each of these, as set
forth in bills, is respectively 47,000,000,
42,000,000 and 18,000,000 acres.
HOUSE.
Mr. Belmont, of New York, from the
Committee on Foreign Affairs, reported
back the resolution calling ou tho President
for copies of all correspondence, etc., re
lative to the efforts of this Government to
bring about pence between Chili, Peru and
Bolivia. Adopted.
Mr. Reed, of Maine, on behalf of the Com
mittee on Judiciary, asked leave to take
from the Speaker’s table, for immediate con
sideration, the Senate bill to retire Associate
Justice Ward Hunt, of the United States
Supreme Court.
Mr. Holman, of Indiana, objected.
Mr. McLane, of Maryland, from the Com
mittee on Commerce, reported back a reso
lution calling on the Secretary of the Navy
for all reports, communications, etc., re
lating to the subject of Chiriqui coaling sta
tions. Adopted.
Mr. Carpenter, from the same committee,
reported back a resolution directing the
Committee on Commerce to inquire wherein
existing laws can be amended so as to afford
relief to tbe merchant marine engaged in
foreign carrying trade, and what measures
can be adopted to promote our ship build
ing and other commercial interests-adopt
ed. Bills were reported from the Commit
tee on Commerce to establish marine hos
pitals at New Orleans and Galveston, and
a quarantine station on the coast of Texas,
and were referred to the Committeei>n Ap
propriations. At the conclusion of the
morning hour the House, al 1:40, went into
committee of the whole (Robinson, of Mas
sachusetts, in the Chair) on the Fortification
Appropriation bill. Total amount appro
priated is $375,000, as follows: For preser
vation, repair and protection of fortifica
tions, $175,000; for armament of sea coast
fortifications, $100,000; for tornedoes and
their preservation, SIOO,OOO.
After a short explanation by Mr. Forney
of Alabama, Mr. McCook, of New York, took
the floor and dwelt upon the importance of
improving the sea coast fortifications of the
United States. He contended that the
amount appropriated by the bill was but a
drop in the bucket as compared with the
actual needs of the country. Some debate
followed aud amendments were offered,
which were rejected. Tbe committee then
rose and reported the bill to the House,
when it was passed.
Mr. Chandler, of Massachusetts, called up
the report of the Commit tee on Accounts,
designating the committees ot the House,
which are entitled to clerks. Amendments
were adopted granting the Committee on
Invalid Pensions three, aud the Committee
on Elections one additional clerk.
A bill was introduced by Mr. Pugh, to en
force the observance ot’ tiro Constitution in
reference to the election of President and
Vice-President. It punishes with fine of
from five thousand to twenty thousand dol
lars, and imprisonment of from five to ten
yearn, any Congressman or holder of a
Government office of trust or profit who
exercises or attempts to exercise the powers
of Presidential elector. The same punish
ment is imposed for the false assumption
by any one ol the office of an elector and
for conspiracy in aid thereof.
Mr. Holman, of Indiana, offered an
amendment, striking from the list of com
mittees entitled to clerks the Committees on
Expenditures in various departments, on
Public Expenditures, on Militia, on Library
and on Mileage. Pending action, the House,
at 4:40, adjourned.
Washington, January 25.—Immediately
after the reading of the journal Mr. Cam
eron, of Wisconsin, submitted resolutions
commemorative of the fate Senator Carpen
ter. Eulogies upon Mr. Carpenter were
delivered by Messrs. Cameron, of Wiscon
sin ; Garland, Logan, Kellogg, Bayard, Ed
munds and Davis, of Illinois, some of which
were very beautiful and full of feeling. At
1 ;45, upon the adoption of the resolution,
the Senate, as a further testimonial of re
spect for the deceased, adjourned.
HOUSE.
Washington, January 25.—0 u motion of
Mr. Read, of Maine, the Senate bill per
mitting Associate Justice Ward Hunt, of
the United States Supreme Court, to retire,
was taken from the Speaker’s table for pres
ent consideration. Mr. Reed explained the
provisions of the bill, and then yielded the
floor to Mr. Townshend, ot Illinois, who
opposed it-first, because it would set a
dangerous precedent; second, because he
regarded it as a reflection upon a high tri
bunal to presume that one of its members
would, for a pecuniary consideration, be in
duced to do what it was his duty to the
people to do. Mr. House, of Tennessee,
also opposed the bill. Justice Hunt had
been disabled for three years, and during
that time had drawn thirty thousand dol
lars, for which he had rendered no equiva
lent,
The debate was continued by a dozen
members, about equally divided.' The bill
then passed —yeas, 137; nays, 89. The
majority of Republicans voted iu the affirm
ative and the body of the Democrats in the
negative. A number of executive commu
nications were read and referred, among
them a letter from the Secretary of the
Treasury, transmitting an estimate of the
appropriations required by the various De
partments to complete the services of the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1882, and prior
years, amounting to $23,159,690. At 2
o’clock all business was suspended and the
House proceeded to pay its last tribute of
respect to the memory of the fate Senator
Matthew H. (fazpenter, of Wisconsin. Eu
logies were delivered by all of the Wiscon
sin delegation, and also by Messrs. Kasson,
of Iowa; Dunnell, of Minnesota; Orth, of In
diana; Robeson, of New Jersey, Tyler, of
Vermont, and Butterworth, of Ohio and
then, at 4:35, p. m., the House, out of re
spect to the memory of the deceased, ad
journed. .
I Washington, January M—ln the Senate,
j Mr. Butler, of South Carolina, presented a
I memorial from the President of the Chamber
’ of Commerce, Charleston, S. C., with ac
companying letter from Gen. Gilmore, for
further appropriation in aid of the work on
jetties in the Charleston harbor. The letter,
which was read, urges the necessities of
more liberal appropriations for work, so
that it may not be temporarily suspended
for want of funds. A motion by Mr. An
thony, of Rhode Island, for adjournment
from to-day until Monday was negatived
upon a call of yeas and nays (demanded bv
Mr. Ingalls) by 24 to 37.
Mr. Miller, of California, from the Com
mittee on foreign Relations, reported with
amendment a till to enforce the treaty stip
ulation relating to the Chinese. He gave
. notice that he would ask to have the bill
taken up on Wednesday. The bill, as re
ported from the committee, provided that
from and after the expiration of 60 days
next after the date of its enactment and
until the expiration of twenty years from
the same date, the coming of Chinese la
borers to the United States. shall be sus
pended, and that “during such suspension
'it shell not be lawful for any Chinese la
borer to come, or, having so come after Ihe
expiration of said sixty days, to remain
within the United States.” The second sec
tion provided that any master of anv vessel
’ who shall bring within the jurisdiction of
the United Statea any Chinese laborer
from any foreign port, shall be liable to
a fine of ifaOO for each Chinese laborer so
brought, and may also be imprisoned for a
term not exceeding one year. It is provid
ed, however, that the two foregoing sections
shall not apply to any Chinese laborers who.
we?e in the United Statea on the 17th of
November, 1880 (dated last treaty with
China), or shall have come thither within
sixty days above mentioned, and who shall
produce to the collector of the port where
the vessel arrives certain evidence of his be
ing entitled to exemption. The bill also
provides that all Chinese subjects who are
entitled, under the treaty, to come into apd
reside in the United States (such as mer
chants, teachers, students, and travelers and
their servants), shall be required to exhibit
at the port of entry passports from the
Qhineee Government fully identifying them,
and showing that they belong to one of
the exempted classes which passport must
be also vised and approved by our dip
lomatic representative in China, or
the United States Consul at port of de
parture. The remainder of the bill elabor
ately prescribes requisite machinery of reg
istration, etc., for carrying its provisions
into effect.
Bills were introduced by Mr. Ransom for
public buildings at Asheville and Greenes
boro, N. C. By Mr. Morgan, of Alabama
—For a public building at Huntsville, Ala.
After the morning business the Senate, at
11:20, resumed consideration of the Sher
man Three Per Cent. Bond bill.
Mr. Sherman, of Ohio, proceeded to close
the debate on the bill. Incidentally dis
cussing the revenue and taxation, he favored
an early reduction of taxes, believing that
Congress would violate a public duty of it
did not at this session secure such reduc
tion. The question was as to what internal
taxes ought to be repealed. Mr. Sherman
said he favored a repeal of all except upon
whisky, tobacco and beer. He would in
clude the tax oil matches and the stamp tax,
making a total reduction of §15,000,000.
He would then revise the tariff. In this
connection he urged the necessity of an
early rearrangement of duties on sugar,
iron and steel.
When Mr. Sherman concluded the Chair
submitted a number of executive communi
cations, transmitting reports and docu
ments from the Department officers, among
■+hMß-wm>“from the Secretary of State in re
sponse to a Senate resolution of the 13th
ult., calling for correspondence touching
affairs in and between Peru and Chili. The
communications were referred—the last
named going to the Committee on Foreign
Relations. A vote being taken on the
pending motion to lay the Funding bill oh
the table, it was lost—yeas, 23; nays, 45.
The Senate proceeded to dispose of amend
ments to the bill and first took up that
proposed by Mr. Davis, Os West Virginia, to
retain Government option on the proposed
3 per cent, bonds, to require their redemp
tion in advance of the calling in of 3 per
cents, and to arrange the order of their pay
ment so that the last of the new bonds is
sued shall be the first to be redeemed. A
long discussion ensued upon the suggested
modifications of the phraseology of the
amendment, with a view to simplifing it.
Without action on the amendment the Sen
ate, at 4 o’clock, went into executive ses
sion, and, at 4:20, adjourned.
house:.
In the House a number of bills were in
troduced and referred.
Bills were reported: By Mr. Neal, of
Ohio, Chairman of the Committee on’the
District of Columbia—Appropriating one
million dollars for reclamation of marshes
in the harbors of the cities of Washington
and Georgetown—referred to the committee
on the whole. The House resumed consid
eration of the report of the Committee on
Accounts, designating the committees which
are entitled to employ clerks, the question
being an amendment offered by Mr. Hol
man, of Indiana, striking out a number of
committees from the list of those entitled to
clerks, and a separate vote being demanded
the vote was first taken on that portion of
the amendment striking out the Committee
on Militia. Mr. Scales, of North Carolina,
declared that for the six years that he had
been a member of that committee, but one
bill had been referred to it. The House
refused—yeas, 104; nays, 118—to agree
to this branch of the amendment, and
other branches and the amendment were
severally voted-down. The report of the
Committee on Accounts was at three o'clock
adopted.
Mr. Springer, of Illinois, called up for
present consideration the Senate bill grant
ing an additional pension to the widow of
President Lincoln, which passed.
The Speaker laid before the House a
number of messages from the President,
which were appropriately referred. Among
them were the following : Transmitting a
report from the Secretary of State, with ac
companying paper, in response to a resolu
tion of the House of Representatives, call
ing for correspondence touching the efforts
of this Government to bring about peace
between Chili, Peru and Bolivia.
The House then, as unfipished business,
proceeded to the consideration of a resolu
tion reported a few days ago from the Com
mittee on Foreign Affairs, requesting the
President to obtain from the British Govern
ment a list of American citizens imprison
ed in England.
HAPS AND MISHAPS.
Drowning of a. Drummer—Kihumlng
Bodies In Chimgo—Conviction of Neal
In Kentucky.
Hartford, Conn., January 24.—The high
school building was burned to-day—loss,
total aud will probably amount to one hun
dred and twenty thousand dollars; insur
ance is seventy thousand dollars, all in com
panies of this city.
Cincinnati, January 24.—The Times-Star
special from Catlettsburg says the jury in
the case of William Neal, charged with be
ing one of the participants in the Gibbons
family murder, brought in a verdict at
10 o’clock this morning of guilty of mur
der, and fixed the punishment of death.
New Yoek, January 24.—A Raleigh (N.
C.) special says : "In Granville county, this
State, last Saturday evening, a commercial
traveler named Hudgins was being driven
by a colored man in a buggy from Roxboro
to Oxford. While crossing a swollen stream
on a raft the horse jumped overboard, cap
sizing the raft. Hudgins, the driver and
ferryman were all drowned.”
Chicago, January 24.—Some three weeks
ago nine mysterious coflins of rude pattern
were accidentally unearthed near the corner
of Vern avenue and Thirty-fourth street, as
the workmen were excavating for a new
building. It has just been discovered that
these conffins contained the remains of
Southern Confederate soldiers, who
died of contagious diseases while pris
oners at Camp Douglas during the war.
The bones and skulls were being harshly
disturbed by the boys in the neighborhood,
when a citizen of that section had them all
collected and decently interred in his pri
vate burying ground. Sons of Virginia
will take measures to secure their removal
to some fitting spot, which will be marked
appropriately. ——
New Orleans, January 25.—A Pensacola
dispatch reports the loss of the steamer
Valley City, from Tampa for Pensacola. The
vessel encountered a heavy gale on Sunday,
causing a leak. She filled and sank on
Monday forty miles from Pensacola, where
the crew arrived safely in boats.
Charleston, January 25.—Postal Clerk
W. H. Burbridge, injured in the collision
on the Savannah and Charleston Railroad,
died last nighi. His mother arrived a few
hours before he died and accompanies his
remains to Hopkinsville, Ky., to-night.
George Osborn, assistant clerk, will prob
ably die before morning. It is also be
lieved that Mansfield and Craft are more se
riously hurt than at first reported and fears
are entertained regarding their recovery.
New York, January' 25. Conductor
Hanford, of the train which was wrecked at
Spuyten Duyvil, was arrested to-day. The
coroner’s jury has rendered a verdict that
rear brakeman Meline is guilty of willful,
deliberate and culpable neglect, and is di
'rectly responsible for the loss of life that
resulted therefrom. The verdict also
charges with direct responsibility Conduc
tor Hanford and Engineers Stanford and
Buckhanan of Hanford’s train.
New York, January 25.—A Norfolk (Va.)
special says: “The steamer Gates, from the
wrecked schooner Rickardo Jova, at Watch
aprague Inlet, arrived here and reports the
loss of the schooner Henrietta, near the
wreck ot the Jova. The Gates had the
schooner in tow when the hawser parted
and the Henrietta striking on the bar, be
came a total loss. The crew were rescued
Lieut. Merry, of the United States Navy
has arrived here, and with a suitable force’
has proceeded to Hatteras to assist in the
recovery of the bodies lost from the wrecked
bark Carney.
New York, January 26.—Dispatches from
various cities report the Guiteau verdict
promptly bulletined, and received by the
people almost without exception with satis
faction and relief.
Charleston, January 26.—George R.
Osborne, one of the postal clerks crushed
in the railroad collision at Adams’ Run,
Saturday, died to-day, making four deaths
so far resulting from the collision.
Lancastbb, Pa., January 26.—The most
destructive fire that ever visited the city
started early this morning in the stereotype
department ot the inquirer Publishing Com
pany’s building, on North Qaeen street. The
fire quickly spread through the entire
building, and it was completely destroyed.
The loss on the building and contents is
estimated at SIOO.OOO.
Shreveport, La., January 26. News of
the hanging of a negro named Henry Solo-
Be, . leview ’ Bossier parish, jail,
re&hed here last night. He was confined
for horse stealing, and set fire to the build
ing, which was discovered by guards before
it got under headway, otherwise much
property would have been destroyed and
lives lost. The fire occurred about mid
night, and the body of Solomon was found
hanging from the second story of the jail
yesterday morning. There is no clue to
those who took part in the hanging.
Marshall, Minn., January 26.—Great ex
citement has been caused in Minnesota by
trichmal poisoning irom eating raw ham
fifteen prominent citizens of Minnesota
ware affected and three have died. An en
tire family, consisting of Mr. and Mrs
Cushner, their sons, William, aged 22-
Nicholas, aged 14; Jacob, aged 12, and a
daughter, Annie, aged 18, were poisoned—
Cushner dying Tuesday. Fritz Pregger
and Joseph Wilfort have died from the same
cause. ©’Gilbertson, Seilditz and Dr
Sanderson are quite ill, while Peter Peckles,
Oscar Thompson, Antony Winters and a
German living near the village, name un
known, are in a precarious situation. The
matter will be brought before the State
Board of Health for investigation.