Newspaper Page Text
tlior
lm< ■
•ri' washed together jjjirotcftinn, that protection will be promp-
Oi 1 in eight Iron- fxly aliVilt-d. S’. .11 we degrade ourielve*
'irt'ila'My
b Milt cx
err ■ r.i r . ■ owtnei rigidly
<*, t ., <• ■ no (*■ i *«:•.*>, nor even
••••II felMirtrd It trio fit >. -ncii'm foi
t.i lifter. The lirouiiaed benefit from
sin ii r.-sirn-.ive nioafiires linn not been
ot>' iiied, while the itlrmtvo'niences and
mil' ng« caused by litem have become
too tnanife*!.
Is 'is Choh.ra transhissible by Persons
an / Goads? — I’be assmupnoii U|i)n which
the itiiiiiic.ivn measures just dntailed have
bee i (used, viz: ill 0 Cholera is gencially,
if ii-n ilnilmmly ir.nstnissihls by persona
ii.nl elo’lting, and merchandise, is cOnttu
vert.-d at every »top of our inquiries into
the ins orv of lie disease. Tim facis and
Hra.imenis preponderate greatly on tho
oth «idu, and would xoem to be connu
uall eignmntin; wohthe -increase of our
krr wlndga of tire habit* of Cholera. A
few .vill M'fll e fur our present purpose.
The pers nia composing the family of
the Persian nrince, quitter! the city of
Turin* titer ilio violence of the disease
bad already began to abate. They, how-
er, c. trued <he Cholera along with thorn,
ond continued o be attacked, from four
to s x a day, for about <eu days, but not a
single nerson mthe villages through which
‘thev passed or where they slept, iouk tliu
dun .*■•. During the prevalenco of the
Cli. lmu in Moscow, about forty thousand
pe.s.ms quilted that city, of whom a largo
Dumber never performed’quarantine, und
yet mi ruse is on iitcord of Cholera being
transferred from Moscow o other places,
and ii is equally curiam, savs the respecta
ble Prussian physician from whom wo
derive the toregning statement, that ill no
situation appointed for quarantine, has
any caso of tho disc t»o occurred.
In the year 1823, dicing the period in
which the disease ftrsi prevailed in Astra-
can, large numlutr* nt parsons left the city
dailv; nevertimiess, they did not convey
tlm disease either io remote cities or to
tile neaiest neighboring villages. In 1830,
many villages unnamed bee from Cholera,
notwithstanding the constant communica
tions with the city—one, five iveisis irons
Astracan, on the shores of the VVulga,
wiiuio whole families nod ivoikmensuught
retnge, when the disease was lit its li.tglil.
It was the same with many otheis, where
not only lain dies, hut the sick wore truns-
ported.
Wmlst tho disease was raging nt Bres
lau, ul . quaraiiiine, found useless, was
dmm away with, tlm inter course between
’ the city uud die niugi.boring burghs unit
vill iges was uiiiquii ruptnd. For six or
seven weeks tinee or fuur thousand pea
sants euluied 'ho cey every day and ro-
turned to limit homes. Many of them
had communication with the houses of
thr. w, finri rm 10 many of iho villages
the .'liaenau did not exmiid. Thus mil a
single case occurred hi ShiirlunuS wBI'fe
more iiiau two iiundied persuus rnpairod
oven day <> tltuii couiiiry so is—the large
bin a i if M i ini'll, nasi til Breslau, ant. 1
tlm Villages ol Fa bust and Neudorf, xvliicli
join dm city and contain each from one
Ih - i-HUd io twolvo iiundied mhulmaiits,
equally escaped.
Du ng ilm prev deuce of the disease
nt Si Peuirsburgh, constaiil and free cum-
munic it ion was kepi op beuveon it and a
Village aboui fifteen worsts distant, that of
the Giiidiunt, mnl not u single caso of
disease occurred at the latter place.
Taking these facts in connexion with
tho ins nice of exemplion from tho dis-
e.ist* enjovod by the villages in tho island
of Kris olsky, notwithstanding unlimited
inteimuise between iliem and the cit) of
Si. Peiershu rgh. wn shall know what va
lue to attach to tile statements ol insula
tion of places mil person* having protect-
od thi-m from Cimlei t. The fact of es
cape iio.ii the disease, by no means im
plies a correctness in die assumpiion dial
quarantine Was the protecting means, tlm
more especially wm n we call to mind tin
well known ciremnst nice recorded by
difT-reni wrimrs on dm East Indian Cho
lera, diul in lm ve j centre ol extensive
districts ravag'd b\ Cholera, III
certain narrow etniisbv patch
ami all their cl-v.he
by the ,m Vi ':iu eight mm- llvly
dred and sixty or, , move elluiled jliv malwng fu ■ mur potitions or appeals to
not a •nui’l' in-' beiine nflVned wn hi our oppressors! Oi, can we be so meffa-
Cholera, mini one tmudre.l ,md twenty-[ blv stupid, as in hope for better success
hu e hospital .Mend mis, two only w
ifleeted,a man mid a woman,both of whom
were disposed to die disease from very
regular condui t, for winch they lutd been
ensured.
' Instances of entire immunity after con
slant intercourse wi'h tho nick, might lm
greatly multiplied both in India and Eu
rope.
The women who washed the clo'hys of
the patients in the hospital at Orenburg,
were entirely exempt Irom tho disease.
A liko immunity was enjoyed bv tho at
tendants who helped the patients in and
out of the hath, rubbed heir bodies^
dressed blisters, &,c. in different Russian,
and other hospitals.
The physician general to the town has
piial of Daiexic, says, dial there were
five W'iicrs always near (he patients;
eight men wore employed in robbing and
bathing; nine medical men visited Ilm pa-
tionts, of whom orte was always in tho
room in the day time, (wo watching every
night: no one ol these twenty-two per
sons fell ill. /
I have visited, snys Dr. White, tho
Gateshead hospital, duiing tlm lime I had
the honor of being pliysiciun to thai insti
tution, under all circumstances of physi
cal depiessimi. I have breathed die
atmnsphero of its apartments for hours lo-
iban has attended our past actions? —
Clearly not. Shall wb be told, that Con
press >11 it* late session, modified die sys
tem, so as materially to lighten our bur
thens! And whip, let us enquire, is this
boasted modification? Let us look at it for a
moment, 'hat we may admire this distin
guished exetciso of lib"rty, on the part of
bur oppressors. By his modification, the
dudes have been reduced probably six
^millions ol dollars per annum, noi more
thnn two millions, of which, are upon ar
ticles extensively consumed hy tlm
southern Deople, whilst/imr millions, at
least, aro upon various articles used,
almost exclusively by the northern peo
ple ol all grade's and classes, from iho
nabob down to tho riiy dandy. So ihat
our npprnssois,tdr each Holt ir of lax-
nt^in, taken off from iho people of the
n »ouih, have taken at least two dollars
ff from themselves. Do our oppressors
link that limy can trample npon our rights
ud insuli our understandings with impu-
ity? Dr. they consider us so utterly devoid
f common sense, as not to be able to see
ulirough so shallow an artifice—or shell
>»« be beguiled and deluded by tlm hope
in.it still further relief will bo grained us?
not ii nor bo forgotten, that the party op
pressed, wronged and outragid tendc-—- 1
Ty, 1 have frankly and feafTessly statod my
own opinion. 1 find many men entertain
ing the same opinion, with whom I have
not been nr ihe habn ol agreeing, and ma
ils holding a contrary opinion, with whom
I have all my life been associated in my
political acts; bur, such considerations can
not induce me to abandon my owji honest
convictions, upon so important a subject.
But, upon this branch of. the controversy,
I wish to be disimcily understood, and to
this end 1 now avow my determination,
.should a majority of my fellow-cit
izens differ with trie in opinion ns to
ho remedy, to give all ihe nid
nty power, io whatever tfifasuro ol re
sistance they may select, and recommend
it to tin' people 61'ilie Slates, for, I regard
‘COLUMBUS—SATURDAY, AUGUST 25.
Enquirer.
The following is the Ticket, designated by the
Convention to be supported by tho Troup patty
at the ensuing Congressional Election.
HENRY BRANHAM of Patnau,
A. S CLAYTON of Clark,
R H. WILDE of Richmond,
T. P POSTER of Greene,
C. E. HAYNES of Hancock,
J. M. WAYNE of Chatham,
3 JONES of Muscogee,
G. R. GILMER of Oglethorpe,
U. L. GAMBLE of Jefferson.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
A Review of the Address of Miraboau B. La
unanimity as essential to our succoss; but , mar, Esq by “ Harris," is rcceivod, and shall up.
I do this with one intputtant reservation I pear next week
—it is this: should Georgia determine up- j Several oilier communications, including tho
.1 „ j.. V . J r’ address of Mr. James Childers delivered before
on another remedy, and should any one of fh? temperance Society of Columbus, are re-
gather; yet I, the attendants, tile nurses,
all equally exposed, have equally escaped.
Nut a single individual in the profession
lias sustained an attack since the disorder
lias prevailed.
We are not to suppose that physicians
and nurses should he entirely free from at
tacks of Cholera—we ought, on tho con
trary, to he surprised at tho proportion be
ing. so small, when wo cons.dcr how the
extreme fatigue and loss of rest which
they undergo, must peculiarly predisposo
them to the disease. Very different, hoiy-
ever, would be the result, if physicians,
friends nnd attendants, woro obliged to
render their services in the dose, confined
quarters of n city or town, in the damp,
filthy, mid ill-ventilated houses of those
who are in the greater number victims to
tho disease. Hence it becomes tho duty
of government, und the proper corporate
authorities, to make provision for the re
ception of the poor ond needy in suitable
hospitals, mid also for an evacuation of all
cellars, and underground lodgings, & close
dirty hovels, hy their customary tenants.
Letters in answer to invitations
to the Lexington'Dinner.
to their oppressors, a general ad valorem
JUDGE SHORTER.
Athens, la: August, 1833.
OfHl/ctnuK I have r evived your po-
li'ti in v i i hi ion u> a ptibltt dinner, tv he giv
tin ul Lexingion, on Finlay next and to
unite w ih ntv follow-citizens, then ami
There io tie assembled, in devising the s>t-
lest uud most efficient measure ot redress
againsiliie evils of ho American Tariff
System. I very much regret, that a prior
engagement, which I (nay not violate,
compels me to decline your invitation; bin
I take this occasion to assure you, that 1
tool a deep and lively interest in the ohjert
of your meeting, and though I shall be ab
sent in person, 1 shall bo present with you
in feeling.
It would far exceed the limits of a let
ter, to sav to yon all tiiat i think and j'cel
upon this momenmus subject; but I will
avail myself of the occasion, to.icntere
i few general remarks.— The following
three propositions may bo considered us
orthodox, in least ill Georgiu.
1st. That lite Protective System is pal
pablv violativo of tho object und spirit
of ilie Federal Constitution.
2d. That no act of Congress, rotitrnty
to tile Federal Constitution, is ipso facto
void, and possesses no manner of binding
force or efficacy.— Anil,
3d. That ihe Protective System is ex
ercising u bl'gh'infc influence oier all bran
ches of business in the Suite, and is grad
ually “eaiing out our substance."
These propositions have been so often
and amply discussed, anil tlieir correct
ol country, 1 ness asserted hy so overwhelming a mu-
duty of twenty five per cent, and that it
wit* indignantly rejected. From that ve
ry moment there wus no longer any ground
ovr»n for hope; and for one I declare my
self utterly opposed to farther submission,
anti boli"ve, Ihul determined opposition
fa proper and necessary. I ant equally
well satisfied, that we have already sub
mitted too long, and tlm' the longer, the
system is suffered to remain, the stronger it
will hecopie, and the mule difficult it will
bo trj» iipioot it Oor oppressors have
said tci us, we shall hear our present bur
then? Fertile, suhiiiission will Wn weak
en us Mild strengthen them. . Lm n be ro-
mninlxned, iluit our oppressor* have olicn
taunted us, most insultingly, in regard to a
p nticuiyr description of our property; and
that at tlx- Tariff COnveiition in New York
last fall ti> proposition w.is openly made, io
apply the surplus money in the National
Treasury) to the purchase and emancipa
tion of our. slaves. They have oo consti
tutional w,|rrant to fix upon us the protec
tive system, nor have they any such war
rant to iniornieddle with our slaves; but,
if we submit to the first, we sh ill in a lew
years, in all probability, ho ttquired to
submit to the Inst. The time, I i ke it has
now irrivnd, when we must assert .md en
force our rights, or give up all claims io
independence, aiid oitlo down into a stare
worse than colonial bondage
The Remedy next remains to be consid
ered, a id, to my mind, if i< be admitted
tlinl tho existing Tariff is violative nt iliu
Constitution,' iho muc'li-whuserl, and notv
misrepresented doctiute of Nullification.
is an apuropriate, if not llif.' only true re
medy’. I frankly acknowledge, that I have
had a contrary opinion, and tli.n my mind
is noi notv free from doubt. 1 will noi a-
buso your patience by going into an ela
borate nigumenl npon this fruitful subject,
but will content myself witli stating a
few gpueial propositions, the correctness
of which can hardly ho questioned, and
from which the doctrine of Nullification
serins almost necessarily io result. I as
sume |t, as undeniably true, 1st, that tile
Stn o of Georgia considered in liei se-
pirate, sovereign and independent charac
ter, anil the federal Government, con
sideied as such, are two separate and in
dependent governments. 2d, That the
Federal Constitution is nothing more nor
less than a treaty, oi compart, entered in -
to bv each particular S ate, for itself, of
the one part, and the Federal Government
of the other part. 3d, That where itvo
• overal Governments differ, in regard to.
ihe terms or meaning of an existing treaty
or compact between them, each lias an e-
qn d light 10 decide for itself: rnd 4'h,
the Southern States adopt Nullification as
the proper remedy, that State is not coer
ced into obedience, either by the Geu’l
Government, or by other Slates, without
firsi rendering us powerless; for, the mo'-
menl any ono of the Southern Slates is
reduced by forex, into submission, that
very moment will forever seal our fate.—
Ppiniit mo, gentlemen, in conclusion, to
tender you a Sentiment :
The protective Systcm~It is tinjust,
unequal, oppressive, and not warranted by
a fair construction of the Federal Consti ■
union: we will not submit to it: and for
this, “ we mutually pledge to each other,
our properly, our lives, and our sacred
Iiouor.” Respectfully, &c.
ELI 8. SHORTER.
N. C. SAT RE, ESa-
Sparta, July 30,1832.
Gentlemen:—Yum csieuniud favor of
ceived, and will be attended to as early as practi*
cable.
Wr.Kr.ELANDTyNER his received the appoint
ment oF Post Master in Macon, vice M. R.Wallis
deceased.
The reply of Col Seaborv Joses to tho stric
tures of the Augusta Constitutionalist occupies
considerable space in this day’s paper- ft is
worthy of perusal, and we houe tho Constitution
ist will transfer it to ilH columns. Tho cases
whjcli Col. Jones has cited in support of his opi
nions, contained in his former letter to the Editors
of tho Constitutionalist, are apt and conclusive
illustrations; and such as, wo think, cannot easily
bo obviated, even by the ingenuity of the co%
ductors of tiiat journal. The Constitutionalist
must certainly have the credit of adopting a firm
and decided course in the present threatening as
pect of our political affairs, yet to give that tyrm-
ness and decision its great benuty, the Constitu
tion u I ist must not shrink from the assertion of its
correctness by reason and argument. Will the
Constitutionalist arraign tho policy of Georgiu, in
her collisions with the General Government ? We
thp21stinst. was received on my return ■ presume not. Where is the difference inprinei
home from W ilkes. To meet and dolib- 'pte, between the former disobedience of this State,
crate with ton on the important subject ol i *"<1 that now conte,npls.ed relative to the tariff?
, - ? , . J \ Did not the Constitutionalist sanction the refusal
the present occasion, is a duty, in every • of Judge Dougherty to obey the authority of the
citizen, who feels tlie evils of lliu existing Supreme Court, an authority mo, “ exercisedoS-
system of oppression—und to mo it would tensibly within the sphere of its constitutional
be extremely gratifying, as woll ns instruc- * entimenl l1 '" 1 i ournal h 1 as en :
. • * ° | 7; , , • . dorsad ** on account of its moJerntion and good
live—but a personal attendance being at j scnseAra not Ul0 Supreme <;„ ur t t’on
this lime tnronvrnii'nr, I will beg leave i gresn co-ordinate.branches of ilia Federal bead
taent produced by a belief in tlieir imn^iii J
rry sufferings, are about to Nullify an act
of Congress; or in olhor words, have de
termined to rebel against the Union aha
commit an overt act of treason, by setting
at defiance and openly resisting the laws
of the country. The crisis has indeed
arrived, nnd every friend of the Country
and the Constitutionevery friend of ibd
union of the states, is called upon to stand
by bis principles. All minor questions
aro absorbed in this movement, which
threatens to divide the Union and plunge
the north und the south in iho horrors
of a civil WRr. Even the qttoslious of pre
serving to tho Country, in defiance of the
cupidity of the Albany Money Changers,
the United States Bank and our present
admirable currency, in which all are di
rectly interested, becomes ono of minor _«•
importance, when contrasted with the
preservation of tire Union. Of the Con
stitutionality of a Tariff for protection,
we never have—we never can entertain
a doubt; and- although we are not pre
pared to say a more judicious reduction of
duties could not have been effected, yet
the Congress of tho United Slates having
gravely determined upon the present law,
it becomes the duty of all good citizens to
comply with its provisions. A contrary
course, whetherbv States or individuals, is
treason to the union, and we call upon tho
IriendsofLibotty—the Patriots—the hon
est and good men of South Corolina—to
strangle in its infancy the bold ultempt
now making to destroy the Union of the
States nnd involve the country in civil war.
Wo yet Itojjo much from a love of coun
try, from the return of reason, nnd from
a calm review of the consequences of re
bellion; hut if these fail, then must resort
bo had to tho strong arm of power to en
force the laws Sf Congress; and if Charles
ton should be declared a Free Pprt, t»
few vessels of War must he sent to block
ade the IIarbour nnd bring her people to
n sense of tlieir duty to the constituted tui-
thorities of the country.
Here then, we have, in no ntoasnrctl terms, thf)
1
into which llmie exis ed no inn.* I obsiu- joritv of our citizens, llt it it would be till
ties to tho extension ot tint di>* tsc, but
into which it never penc ra ed, although
all around win otto scene of desolation.
This part of itie subject cannot be pla-
red nt a clearer light than by sitnpl.v ob
serving bat rite instances ol immunity
from ; r disease where unlimited inter
course had h"on allowed, are in tenfold
git ator number than where restrictions
hid been impos 'd and iion-inicrcourse en
forced. Non umucourse by santtarv cor
dons and quarantines) do not even give
uu uddilio' ul cltanrn of escape. Their
tendency and eff-ct are the other wav.
There has no been found any ,.pprc
anil useless here to repeat them. Tin
only questions which wo can now discuss,
nit It any kind of propriety and utility
are,
first. Sha’ ; .ve resist this s.. stem of op
pression and plunder, or meekly submit
out necks to the galling yoke of our op-
piO'Snis? And,
Second. If resistance be resolved upon,
t\ bat is the proper mode of procedurel—
1 pray you to indulge nte in a few rom rks,
upon these two questions, in tile order in
which they have been stated. The qnes
lion of submission or resistance, is now
fairlv biTore ns, lor our people huvo as-
ei Me connexion between the full und fro- ' sembled in tlieir respective counties, at
q.t-nt intercourse of physicians, muses, | dift'erenl limes, for years back, and have
at'Ondauts, und friends, with the sick of protested and remonstrated against the
Cholera, and (tie number of die lormer
■e >ro have been attacked with ihe disease.
Cholera were thus communicable, a
' .■e« majority of Ate persons designated,
-pt-lit to have hnd tile disease—whereas
fact, n la. ge majority of them entirely
escaped. Those who were Htturked were
not in greater proportion than would h tve
suffered 'from tn\ prevalent disease wliai-
evet A' H erat, five hundred and
oigh'\ seven oulients tffeeled with Cho
lera, and eiibt hundred and sixty I bor
ing under other diseases, wdre admit
ted ini> 'bn hospital of Oidinko. This
hospital ei’sis's of . single building, three
stories high, communicating by stabs
placed within the wards. The sure -
tend a, b.d r barge of all ih*- patients; the
d.ffi-ent r’ s of furnitu:c weieilisttib
Utod without distinct ion to the putiums,
whole systepj: and in the most respectful
terms, appealed to Congress, either for its
p-ptMl or modification: our Legislature nt
different times, has done the same; anti
the people of (lie Snuiltern States have
met in Convention at Philadelphia, and
after a full and clear exposition of out
wrongs rlecl Ted in the language of broth
erly love and affection, that they could
not, and would not submit to be longer op
pressed anti robbed, under the forms of
law. But what, let me nsk, has been the
effect? The.melancltoly answer ntav bo
found upon the Journnls of the la'e session
of Congress. The system of protection
to the northern, and of robbery o the
southern people, has been triumoliainly
sustained, and we have hern distinctly as
sured, tlta' if hiiv hr rpeh nf domestic in
dustr^ should be fpuod to want farther
merely to observe, that in my humble
opinion, meetings of this character, if gen
eral,ate well calculated not only to excite
< flection, arid nit anxious inquiry into the
otigin and nature of I lie grievance, bin,
when exempt from passion anil 'prejudice
to invent and systema izo a plan for relief.
So discordant aro tho views of intelli-
gem politicians upon the remedy, that the
suggestion of one, or adoption of another
mode, is certain of opposition, und fre
quently of ridicule. While one man
ol equal patriotism is disposed still to
beat and forbear, rather than fly to ills ol
winch lie knows not tho extent, another, is
warm for any measures, no mat er in how
direct collision they may place the State,
with the General Gb\ernment. With the
utmost deference to the Opinions of en
lightened gentlemen, in this and our ad
joining Slalo, I cannot ranvinre myself
of the right claimed by the people of one
Slate, while un integral pact of (lie Union,
to oppose tho ads of the federal head
exercised ostensibly within the sphere ol
its constitutioiial limit. But, when a peo
ple are convinced that the objects of tlieir
association are not fulfilled—that the har
riers interposed for tlieir security aro bro
ken down—their equal rights to protection
disregarded by the power to whom the
government is confined—a preference by
legislation yielded to ono over another sec
tion or interest—their petitions for redress
disregarded, and remonstrances contemn
ed, it is their right, and must he their du
ly to themselves, openly to declare—“non
in liter faede.ra veni"—we will no longer
submit to these usitt pinions, and if tve can
not continue undur the family compact, on
friendly and equal terms, it is better thin
like Abram and Lot we separate. But,
before this dernier resort is adopted,
should not some solemn and emphatic
demonstration be made having for its ob
ject to convince those who o.xerctse the
power that we are in earnest, mid that it
is with them alone, to say whether wc
and have not thoir respective decrees heon -anc
tioned “ ostensibly/ within the sphere of choir com
slitaiional limits?" Was not the old treaty
abrogated, and the new one ratified hy the 8c-
nate, according to tiro forms, nnd ostensibly with
in tho sphere of tho Constitution ? Did not Mr.
Adams tmteuror to enforce the decision of the
Senate, ostensibly ivithin the sphere of his consti
tutionul power / We have never yet been able
to discover the difference, in princip'e, between
these acts of Georgia, and tho pre, ailing doctrine
of Carolina. We read too with attention the let
ter of Gov Middleton of South Carolina pnblish-
od last year, in which he oanctione the overt acta
of Georgia, and repro mtes tile intended move
ments of his own 3lnte yet we thought it wus a
distinction without a diffi rente We do not wislt
to ho considered captious in tins matter. If we
are wrong, wo will cheorfnlly retract our error.
We are desirons, however, to know it, what con-
sists the difference between resistance to a deci
sion of the Supreme Court made ostensibly with
in tho sphere of its constitutional limit, and re
sistance to an uct of Congress made with the same
solemnity, whether that decision oi that net affect
ono Slots.. -ri>»Mi> four. There is. in orincijile.
no differnnee—and why are the tame men up
holding tho one and roprobating tho othei I
viewo of the editors of one of the leading papers r
they ? Why tiiat tho '
that the constitutionality of a pnotciiwe I a ' ml1 bo ^ r ' v e» 'othtsdreaillui alianmtivr.
Tariff is a political question, which „J Come when ttmay.jand I trust ,n God
court has the power io decide; and if a ,ho ^ went)
judicial question, stfll, that .he rxi-f.ng " ^paration of this Umon M not ltgh.lv
Tariff is so frame,!, that the Due auestion <«> b P ">°ug|" of-sbll a severance, wt.ltall
never has, and never ran, , b. fote *! 8 bo preferab!e>p
any judicial tribunal. If ntv premises he ex . l8,,n S 8,0,0 °‘ b,ooH and d,s l ,u ' a ‘
,*...l. : : HOO.
enn eel, it seems ifficult, if pot impnssi
Me, to resist the conclusion, that ihe con-
stitutionalitv of the protective system, is a
question which mast bo docirlgd, hy the
Federal Government, cud the several
Stales each for itself, and on its own re
sponsibility. Again, if it be admitted
that the existing Tariff is um nnstitulioenl,
all will admit that it is void to all intents and
purposes, and that all persons ami officers
who obey and enforce it, are trespassers.
Now if sucli an act be void, sui. ly each
State may, and indeed, is bound to refuse
it obedience; ami it is equally plain, that
no decision of a majority, however large,
and particularly of an interested majority,
ran make tiiat constuniioaol and valid,
which is admitted to bo unconstitutional
and void. It seems here again to follow,
that Nullification \s the proper remedy :
for it, nt the very outset, stamps upon the
act its true legal character, of a nullity,
whilst all other modes of resistance, for
a time at least, seem to admit its validity,
hy suffering it to exist, and he enforced.
If it be ailmi'ted that the protective sys
tem is constitutional, then indeed we have
no remedy, for such an act cannot be resis
ted, either bv nullification, or by a con
vention of a minoritv of the States; but,
if it be unconstitutional and void, it can
not be doubted th it each State may refuse
•t obedienc£.
In the prosent aspect of affaire, how-
On me subject of the Tariff, nnd In
ternal Improvement, during the last few
years of wltat avail has been the voice of
the South in Congress? Tile power is
with our political adversaries, who have
shown themselves relentless in the use of
it. Ol what use-, then, is this present
representation of the Southern States, in
the federal legislature? It is bul a mocke
ry. Let the South, then, in one united
voico of the people, declare,"that we will
no longer meet you in joint deliberation—
we will not participate in yout counsels,
niitil this abomination shall be driven front
norland—until the constitution, the bond
of our Union, is restored in its purity, you
may proceed without us—for with us,you
have no common feelings.”
I humbly conceive that a course simi
lar to this while it evinces a passive yet
positive determination, will arouse the
honest nnd patriotic of our northern breth
ren to a sense of our rights and of injustice
under which we are suffering.
In the firm belief that vour’ delibera
tions will be distinguished by views, tru
ly bonefieial to our doumry,
1 remain gentlemen, your friend, and
humble servant.
NATHAN C. SAYRE.
LAXD.
....... ... ...rw- OT 107jn , he ;, th diltli , of Muscogee
ever, 1 regard resistance ns (lie mom yurs- conaty for sale by *
tien, and iumanner as altogether teconda- j June p—4 ULO, W. IHLU.NGHAM.
Tliete was limiting of gioat interest
transacted at the General Council which
commenced its session on the 23d. inst.—
E. VV. Chester, Esq. bearer of certain pro
positions from theGovornmoiit, addressed
to iho Clierokeespnviiing them to a nego
tititioo nnd General arrangement of the
difficulties existing betwoen thorn, com
municated tho object of his mission.—
The propositions were read and interpre
ted and by a vote of the two houses it was
resolved that the Principal Chief lip au
thorised to reply to them thrnugh the
Agent, Col. Montgomery.
The abovo article is extracted ftom the Choro
koo 1’hcu.iix. front other matter contained in
the eaino paper, wo are induced to believe that
tho Cherokee nation is seriously disposed to treat.
Mr. ltuudinot, the Editor of the I’liccnix, has ten
dered hie resignation ns Editor, to the Principal
Chief. John Ross. We gather from this jotter of
resignation, that the Editor und the authorities of
the Nation are at Variance, the former adverse,
and the latter favorable, to cession, and removal.
Mr. Boudinot says:
Were I to continue ns Editor, I should
feel myself in a most peculiar and delicate
situation. I do not know whether I could
satisfy ntv own views and the views of the
authorities of the nation at tho same time
My situation would then lie as embarrass
ing as it would ho peculiar and delicate.
I do conscientiously behove it to be tho
duly of every ritiZmi to reflect upon the
dangers with winch We are surrounded;
view the darkness which seems to lie
before our beloved people; our prospects
and tho evils with which we arc threaten
ed; to talk over all those matters, and, if
possible, como to some definite and satis
factory conclusion, while tiiorc is timo, as
to what ought to ho dono in the last alter
native. ( could not consent to be the
conductor of the paper without having the
right and privilege of discussing these im
portant matlm-s— and Irom what I have
seen and hoard, were I to assume that
privilege, :oy usefulness would he parul-
ized, by being considered, as I have un
fortunately already been, an enemy to the
interest of my beloved country and peo
ple. I love my country and I lovo my
people, us my own heart bears me wit
ness, and for that vory reason I should
think it my duty to tell them the whole
truth, or wltat I believe to be the truth. I
cannot tell them that we will b6 assisted in
our r»,hts when I have no such hope, and
after our leading, active, and truo friends
in Congress,and elsewhere, have signified
to us that they can do us no good.
Hero wo think are strong indications of the in
tention of the Cherokees to remove west.
at the North. And what aro t . . , -
present abominable nnd tuitions torifl'is perfectly
•• constitutional”— that aa a majority in Congress,
feeling power nnd forgetting right •• have grave
ly determined npon tlio present law. it becomes
the duty of all good citizens to comply with its
provisions.'’ ns well tho oppressed as the op
pressor—that “ a contrary course, whether by
states or individuals, is treason to the Union"—
and that, if the milder tnoans of persuasion ond
tiireat will not bring as into submission thnn the
“ strong arm of power" must ho exercised to sub
jugate us os “rebels” and “traitors!" Rebels
and traitors! Good Heaven, are firemen then,
battling for their birth-rights; their chartered li
berties, “ their lives, thoir lorlnnes und tlieir sa
cred honor,” to he branded with these vile epi
thets? Are men, who have borne nnd forborne—
who have petitioned, remonstrated, protested and
hesouglit Congress,—bv the most cogent argu
ments, in the most eloquent strains, and lire
most pathetic appeals—session after session nnd
year after year—are lltey to he cast oil'at last, ob
rebels and traitors, and told by theit inexoral le
persecutors that tho “ strong arm of power” shall
reduce them to subjection? Hutcly, Burely, if nor
thing of ull tiiat lias gone by lind been able to
convince us that all sense of eqnulity and jastieW
is lost to Iho bosoms of fire monopolists, such sen
timents must produce that eflcct. It is not to bo
disguised, however reluctantly we may comb to
tho conclusion—it is not to he disguised, tiiat
upon our own good arm alone, can wo rest a rea
sonable itopo of safety. The question is fairlv
before us, are wo willing to relinquish onr dourest
privileges, and sutler tho charter of our liberties
Tito New York Connor and Enquirer of tho
8th inst. contains the following article:
Nullification s This Hydra of the South,
has at length assumed a more distinct form,
and it will he perceived that the poople of
Seoit) Carolina, acting under the excite-
lobe made a more mnclt und derision to ns, or
a ft i
ron the EtrqeiRER.
Messrs. Editors.—IVrtnit ns through tho mss
dium of your eolnmns to refcomroend to the peo
ple of Muscogeo county onr follow townsman
James A. Berthf.lot, Esq aa n suitable candi
date to represent the interests of this county in tho
contomplated Convention to ho held at MillcdgC-
villo in February next, on the enhject of Reducj
tion. Mr. Bcrthciot is a native Georgian, tv
Southerner in principle, a thontugh-goiiig Nuili-
fior in every sense of the word, nnd eloquent be*
youd measure; aud doubtless would subserve not
only the interests of tho county, bat of the State
generally. 100*"* VOTERS.
To the Voters of Harris County;
Tho undersigned have been appointed a Com
mittee to ilwito yon to meet in Hamilton, on thq
second Monday in September, at 1 o’clock. P. M.
to take into consideration the subject of reducing
onr representation in the Legislature, and tin)
propriety of nominating a suitable person from
each party to reprwont file county of Harris iu
the contemplated Convention to be held in Mil'
lodgovillo,
Robert Hardetoay,
Henry Low,
t James Huff,
Zeba Fletcher,
George Ross,-
Jared Dennard,
gqqjRthflj^v
!
we prepared Io Ftand up for their defence?
Rendy at the altar of freedom to sustain the Con-
Btitution or if necessary to suffer, and bleed, end
dii: in its behalf? Our cup of suffering is now
lull to overflowing. nnd,with our best feelings of
moderation uud forbearance, wooo no other re
course than an appeal to cucli effectual remedy
as the wisdom of the .Slate, in an assembled Con
vention, may determine upon. In tbo name of
manhood and of liberty, let us not give up our
dearcsf interests without a struggle—let us not
submissively bow our necks to the yoke, and look
complacently on whilst the mnnncles are rivotted
to oui limbs—let us not submit to he willing bond-
men and colonists to an aristocratic raonopol}*,
and suffer tlm patrimony of our children to
wrested from our ignoble grasp without a strug
gle. Wo h.\vo hitherto looked to the North for a
returning senso of justice; we have depended
much upon their feoli - s of fraternity, nnd lovo
of the Union; but our patience is exhausted. Our
burthens have not been removed by our oppres
sors, and they must he thrown off by ourselves. ^
Now is tho time to act, or tho ** System” will W
fixed upon us, perhaps for ages. Instead of afford-
iug relief at the last session of Congress, ihe har
pies have but sunk their taloifs deeper into tlieir
prey, and have but acquired a keener relish
for what remaii * of our suhstnr.ee; nnd nothing
but the enorgotic exercise of our own sovereignty
will cause them to loose tlieir avaricious grasp,
until tiiey have extracted the last shilling from
our alieudy meagre purses. The Union may he
jeoparded—may bo severed. IVt cannot help
it. Constitutionally sustained, it is dear to us tu»
the apple of our eye; and no section of our onco
happy country has lavished its treasure or shed
its blood more freely than we have, to sustain
und aggrandize it: But our lights, our liberties
mid our independence, are dearer to us than the
Union. For what is the Union worth without
them ? If our wealth must go, let it go in defence
of our rights, and not in never-ending subsidies Ri
the cupidity of insatiable manufacturers.
r J
i
J
Aqg.'tftb, 183&
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