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r
j fi ;» .re sovereignly-" 7<h- l iiai 'be
( i t !.r.-.a of out cHiirM a due to tho Uni*
I. d Siate*** i« the first inslaiset'' uad M*
tw their respective suites. ; ' .j
> doctrine* of (her roclatea*
Thesu are tue
tion, and they have, ai.ino »jiee<*l ma'*"®'’
tif I lie President, |,f«d**d-th* lKdf«e
lor their c*iu|.lnte eereuiwn. *Ws mini-
ing doth to I emu I v ik|ih»i a**"** 1 4,lU
naV.lenv.lv deny Me* K-iiiaialu dedoc,1m,
t.«n the esmpuci winch eaul.lihed Ihe
Fe4e.nl Ouvcr*arf»i} und i'tut the A**u
Ctaltou no* formed eiU.reeiei tlmm iu o»e-
r> •u'i’ji'mi e.ldT'they •' *«. T'l 1 *' Of
l.ruaeoi nretfilug Wdlgahlsed j»'0 .h A-so-) gnu nation ml paettivt
,'iuiun, to Ihi deuoinmiivi V 'I lit 1 Federal Cmisiitulion ;
state rights’ ♦.»«♦< of vritirla A t* fiXTCisos,
of which Would be tv trasulorn tks present
republican system of the, United Males
in'" «* mhsHaft, or at best, a mmd m at
£§.y* {; K
Tl.nl tlio pciwral assembly doth partic
ularly protest Hp.iriist ihe palpable and el-
nrmiiitf infiwertun* iif the Constitution, in
the two lute caw* of the “ Allen and Scdi-
• ini. Ac pasted al llie ieM soSston of
Congress; lit** fun of which exercise* n
li.iwer no wlieiu delegated lo Ihe Federal
Government, and which hy uiming Legi*
hlive aial Judicial power* lo ih.»*e Execu-
live, loliveri* lint general principle* of fieo
, government, a* well a* the par.iculnr or-
t gnu x .lion .u.l positive provisions of III.
and il*« otli.-r o>
in like- nwiiner, a
(I EOROl A," hnd ypconiuieiid nrectitigs pbwei not deleg .led. hy the Ounsiiuilio'i,
in ell tin* rmliilifl* for tlte purpose of con- • lull on tliu cou/rnry expressly and positive
miltilin; (ioiijar aiiociatioiw, to lie toniH'C* ly forbidden by one of tin. amendment*
:oJ wnh th.iiwhicli Will be turmod at Mil- thoieio ; n power which, more linn any
!c.l»evill#,u* (lie Ceijlral Aasoijialion. | oilier Oiiglil to produce itnivmial alarm, lie-
Hcsedred, That (he doclri.nN ol the Vw-j cnit*c it i* levellen against the right of Iron
aini I and Kertlnchy Resolution* H» con* | U examining public characters mill ntea*-
by one of tbo a ms odasowt* lo the Cousuui
lion, that “ the powers not daWga.ed teili
United Slate* by the CouMihflion, nor pro
liibiied by h to |Ke Stale* art rewrved *o
flie Si-.iee nwpecnvely or lo lha ppopD",’
and, ih'u no power over ihe freedom of rt
iigion, freedom of epeecb, or freedom of
the p.<>« being delegated to Ihe Ui.itea
.Stales hy lha Crnttituiion, nor prohibi.ed
by it in me State*, all lawful power* lespur-
ling (he *.»ue,dvlof right rent.in, an I wen
reserved lo 1 n- S ate* or lo (lie people; ill* 1
iliu* was in inifesied iheir determination lit
r.niiii io itie.nseive* mo right of io.lg.ni:
■in.v fnr lliu liconliou* less of «iie«cli and oi
llie pr. S» it* iy bo abridged without branding
dieir useful t'rnedom, ami bo » fai llinxe a-
t tiir* which c mnot be separ ned Irmu iheir
■itn sh.mld bn tolerated rattier thuit llie it*.
.ii tied and understood by Mr Jefferson, Mid
uiMm'phnntlv stiod upon in • ISIS, *6 nod
7, in ihe S.atool Georgia, coie.fi u u the
rrehd of ihe Slain Might'* i'aily ol' tie or
and that »* all ancons! itwtioitHi 10%*
are null and void, %o will Wnei.ever llie
inopHr eligency arises, i«*i*t them in nny
manlier die sovereign power of Ihe state
may order uud direct.
He tabled, That wo conrider iho Force
Bill •• a glaring infraction of Stale Rights,
and a floss ontrago upon i ho libel lie* ol
llie people; and tlnit ftt coininu'iuoe upon
the tiaiuie book js such n act of utiirpa*
tn>n as ought not lo be sulvnlned lo by free
a< d indHpendeot slates; and dial we will
use our exertions lo counteract the prinei
ideb ofttie proclamation, uud Kt obtain n
i'0(*D*l of said hill.
'ffetvtvtd, Thai our Sonaiors and Reprc
•(res, and of free communication among the
people tlieii'on, which lias ever linen just
ly duemod llie only eflucinul guardian ol
cveiy oilier light
a part so tti bo taken, us to destroy the
vnblo residue ol ihe iLsirument: Tli.it the
proceedings of ihe general government uu-
.tier color of those arides, will be a fu and
necessary subject revisa! and correction nl
a time of greater tranquility, while those
specified io the preceding resolutions call
for iipmediate redress.
8. llttolcctl. That the preceding reso*
luiions Im iraainiiiied io the Senaioi* and
Represent alive* in Congress fiom ibis com*
nuiow.ralih, who ate euioiued to present
llie same to (heir respective houses, and In
use tlieir best endeavors lo procure ai die
next session ol Congress, a repeal of the a.
foresaid unconstitutional aud obnoxious
acts. ,
and will earii unite Willi ibis common,
wealth in requesting iheir repcul Ul th>
oest session of Congress.
EDMUND BULLOCK, S. II. R.
JOHN CAMPBELL, S. S. P. T.
Passed llie House ol Representatives,
No*. 10 1798.
Aitcsi; THOS. TODD, C. H. R.
In Senate, Nov. 12, 1798—Unanimously
concurred iu •' ’
Attest; B. TIIURSTON, C. S
Approved, November l£>lls. 1798.
JAMES GARRARD, Governor of Ken*
lucky.
By the Governor:
HARRY TOULMIN,
Secretary of Stale.
rigliit, " llie Miuriy of cunscience uii.i tin-
press cannot lie ciurelled, ubri-ged, res
trained, or mmliried, by any nothin iiy of
dm Uuiu (l S mes,” and fiom its extreme
anxiety to guard these right* from even
possiblo iiimck of sophistry and ambition,
having, with oilier Stales, recommended
an amendment for dial purpose, which a-
mendmoiit was in duo lime, anexed lo die
contlifuti.m. it would mink a reproachful
inconsistency, and criminal degeneracy, il
an indifferenee were now shown io the most
p'dlisble violalimi of one of dm rights lhot
sotntilive* iu Congros* be and lliey are j declared und secured ; ami lo llie aslah
. 9. Uesi'tperi, lastly, That die governor
tie ilestroyed; ami thus also (Ivy gulvieil | of lid* cnii.iionweallh be, and is hereby
tg .nisi all abridgement by the U'nile.l' iutlwnse.1 and riupiested io communicate
Stales, of il,e ftnedom of rcl g on* prinei j 'he preceding resolutions 10 die legislates
pies and i xercistw, and reiained ip ihem- j of the several stales, lo assure diem that
selves the right of prolecm.- tlu satue, us! this co ii.u niwealdi consider union for spe-
this, staled by a taw passed on die geuer- ian I nan nal purposes, and particularly
at d. m .ml of it* cidlens, had already pro- ; for til.» ' »|M)Ctfied iu iheir late lederal com-
Incie.f diem from all human restraint or in-' pact, 'O be l.icmlly lo die peace, happiness
tinference: and, that, in addition lo thin i *"d pr iqieii.y rl all die Stales—that faith* _
„„ general principle and express ducliraliou, ful *° Ili a cmnpacl, accnnliiig to the plain ^ |, a „ e j by several S(ate Legisititures, on
Thai dii* Slum having, by its C rvcnlion I mo her and more special provisi in lias been j ' w «*»t asd me,wing in winch it was under- j ,| lc su |,j ecl uf the Alien and Sedition Laws,
which ratified llie Fudurut Consiiluiion, ex [midobyone of the ameudweais to the stood and n'-ceded io by the soveral I #(1 j (j u) j conic lo n rcsolutioi; thereupon,
pret<ly iletUruil iHmI, hiiiohk o?tier ini * Conifiiutiuo, which exp ^wly aechreti ihm I parties, it is smccfelv* aiixiout lor iu pro- , w | l | c | i j, e delivered in at the clerk’* table,
where H was retd, and unaiwnomiy ngreud
lisTnv. House ov Rv.rnunKNTvr VrM;
1 hurtday, JVocember 11 (A, 1799.
The House, according to the siaiidiug
order of llie day, reuoiviu! itself into a
Commiitee of die Whole House, on the
st ile of die Commonwealth, Mr. Dosha iu
the chair; and after some nine spent there
in, the Speaker resumed the chair, and Mr.
Deslia reported Hint the comnihtee had la
ken under consideration sundry resolutions
pruduco tiding its way iteuii llie-chinas! of the
ijhaltshsocheo ltiTer, would be very much aided in
its imaspeitalion hr means of a Kail Koad. und
prevalent festisga new exiatine ill osr state and
.mongUie ekisan*of CutsmbuV, e being ooroptniun
ituU the enastrnetian of a Hail Rua.l would be ihe
means of pro waling the eemmercial interest of Ibis
-cction of onr State —Ttiercluru
fleoo'vtd, “nial we Ihll) concur with the citizen?
of Culambna. iu tfk prscticat.ilny end expediency
oft Kail Koad, fas a ceninicrr.ial con.ntucicMion,)
from lbia nlnte lo Columlrat, uud rmipranate vy^i
them by nil luudablo means lo promote sucl. an cn*
leiprtze,
/iewlsed, That the chairman appoint a commilec
of lea persons whuee da(y it shall be 16 conespood
with the corresponding committee (lo lie nppoinli'd)
at Colnmlias, in order whereby to.nbuin and com-
inanicnte all the inlormaiton relative In the subject.
In accordance Will, the above raaolution thu clteif
proceeded to appointed the following gentlemen
member* of llie committee. Map .Jehn K Morgan
Duct. Tlumtos /fiimihon, Woody llotier F.«|. I f Jt
Wtllianw. C. U. Pearson, Asehil.uld Nelson, Ji Pj
Kobinson, Durles Forbca, Hoi.iy V. lunikor, nnu
John H. Urundnaa. On imnkm of B. P. Kobinson
K«| llie nan.os ol the ebainuan and tuerctory were
annexed to die committeo.
On motion of Oiki U. W. llill, resolved that the
proceedings of ibis meeting be signed by llie Chair
man nnd counter sign, d by the ttccretu.y and pub-
lulled in the Columbus F.oqnirer nnd Federal Ij'ukin
JOHN C. 1VKU/I, Chairman.
B. H, Manns, Sec’ry.
hereby rarnustly roquasNhl to demand an
hnrrt di he repeal of ttienct of the Inst Cun*
gross, denominated the /'vrc< Bill, u* bemg
u palpal.In violation ol tliu rights of the
Sune* nod the Federal Constitution.
Wtii^h'h.iviug been rend u motion trns
tit uln to postpone further hciioii, that they
ni ght he printed uud tnk«n up at n subse
quent meeting. Which motion wan, hy u
vote of thn tneemig, neg nivi d; and on -mo*
lion of Judge Cliiytun, it was
/ft so ivt’l, Thai thu report bo tuken np
tud read by paisgjrgpha. ^
v.Tiie report having been reud.ou million
of Judge Claytuu.il was uuiiiiiiii.msly
.Hetalced, I hst said J'le .inbb uud Kcs-
oUiliotis be adojMed and iigfeed to.
On mutton ot Judge Dougherty.
.Ri tclvt.l, That me Editors ol ihe Stole
Rigid papers, ill this statu, bo requested io
“ Congress sh ill makoTin laws respecting J servaism; thni il does also b' lievc, tlmt to
an es iiblitlimeiil of reli 'i in, or prohibiting j **•" Slates all the iho (lowers of
lie fine exercise thereof, or abridging the ! *elf‘goveromeni, and transfer them ton
free Join ol speech, or of die press,"there
hv guarding in the tamo S.mteuce, and uad ir
■ lie tamo words, tin. frendoin ot religion, ol
speech, mid of iho press, insu-niich, dial
whatever violates either, throws down tin-
sanctuary which covers tbo othe.s, anddnil
libels, falsehood, ami <!of inialio.l, eqn .il>
with here, y anil fdsn rel-g nn, arc wiiiilield
from die er.sois.nce of Federal uibunals.
rU.it therefore the net of tho Congress of
general und console] Ked government, w.th
out regard to l!>o special delegations uud
reservations solo.only agreed to in (hot
compact, is not for llie peace, happiness, or
pros|U).-ity ol the States. And tlmt there
fore, dii* commonwealth is determined, as
it doubts not its co-states are Jo submit in
uinlelenatcit mid consequcn'ly uiiluniie.i
poteen in no man, or body of tuen oil earth:
that if the act* before S|tecilied should
lislnnent of ft precedent which may bu la*
lal to the other.
That (lie good people of this Common
wealth, having over felt, aud continuing to
| feel, llie most sincere affection for their
biethrcn of the oilier States; (iio trues! anx
iety |\<r establishing and perpetuating the
uniuit ul all; and (lie mo-t scrupulous fidel-
i.y to dial cous.il.uion which is the pledge
of muliinl friendship, and the instrument ol
mutual happiness; the General As-emt.ly
doth solemnly appeal to the like disposition*
in the o’.bci S'htes, in confidence that they
will concur with this Commonwealth in de
clining, us it does hereby declare, that the
Acts Afore* ud are uvc tNBTlTirn iNai.; and
tlmt the nO'-etsiny nnd ptoper ineHsn.es
will be taken by each for ro-opera'ing witn
this stale iu tn.uuiuti.ing unimpaired, the au-
lliori'ies, lights, and liber.ies, reserved to
.piiblistrlhe loregoing Frt-amUle and rasulu j tin- States respectively, nr to the people
lidfri, iicc unputnod by lid) Vugmia and Tlint the tiovdruoi be desired lo Irans-
K'n.iut ky Restduvtons; Hint that a copy ol mil a copy of llie loregotug involution*
the strttn oe Irai.s.mtted >o ouclt ol ou. sen. it) the Exectt'iVe aulhnrity of each of the
V(Ots and He(.ip,Ptuu.tve» iu Cougtus*. j otlt.-r Stales, with a request, that the same
On hs atltivl Ufa Tot.unco. ; may ho co.iiiuumcaiad lo tits? Legislature
Htsiilvr.il, ft.it. t|i. V u.ir.itiin ot this ihereol; and that a copy lie furnished to
msent.g t.-potav-w committee ol tutrtev.i, oaeh of the Senator* aud Representatives,
Ip bu sty teli Uty Central Co,mint tee ot ilie representing this State in ’the Congress of
S»t e Rigit s A-socialion ol Georgia, lb * the United Suites,
car.espottd with such Association* til sup* j Attest, JOHN STEWAR f
port of stale riglit*, .* have tiuen or may be : 1798, December 24lh. Attend to by
Os^i.**<w«» ... **V. * - - - It! OTIWITOf '
S’*-
■On motion of Judge Clayton,
•Rrso/pc/, I'lttfi ns itieau* of extending
among tho people an Accurate knowledge
01 t.i , I incipltui, tnis mooting will 11011-011.
is- 'tin paper called llie “Exuu.inur," pub-
lixiit'd hy' iiun-Jy Hagum iu tho city ot
I' lit 'delphut; and recommend lo all the
Associations, that may be torined in me
a- dVral eouutiet,-to do the saute. Aud
that those who may be disposer, to support
said (M|M»r apply in ettliei et llie secretaries
of this meeting, uow or at a future pertud,
for that purpose.
C. B. STRONG, Chairman.
N. C, Savuk, I u. .
A. B. LuNoainnkT. j Secr ‘ ,w,e ’-
VIRGINIA RESOLUTIONS OF
: . 1798.
Droton up by James MdjJsson.
In tub Viboinu Hovbis of Dci.eoatks.
- j'rulay Otrembtr 21, 1798.
Riseteccf, TnaY the General Assembly
Of Virgiuta doth uuequit o. ttliy express u
Grm retoluli >11 lo niaiii'ain and defend the
coiisrnutiOu ol the United Slates, aud Ihe
cuustiuttion of this state, against evety Bg>
grussiou, oithrir foreign or domestic; und
•iuu they will support tliu government ol
01 Ihe Untied States in ail measures wur-
ranted'by thu fwtqer. . ‘
'1 hot llu* As* uttily most solemnly do-
clar. s a Warm altaclimt-til to tint Union ul
.H.^tates to niaminiu whtcbt >t (.ledges its
ptitn; and that lor this o.id. tt is men
d ty to watch over end oppose every in
fra n -noj those principles touch constitute
Ihs a "y basis of that Union, .because a
ftitblol iihtervauce ot them can alone se
cure V» ..-xwleiice aud the |tublu- happiness.
That tin* Assembly tlo.it explicitly uud
peremptorily il.-cl .re ‘that it ctetri the pow
ers of the l-'tiitral Goveramelit as resulting
front the compilet to whtih the Mates are
p-u. anas limited by the plaut sense and
tut. idiiin qf the instrument constituting that
cam. act as no further eatnl than they are
authorixml by tne grants enumerated in
that compact; anl that in case of a ddiber- wn.tover, mid il being true, as a geiicial
A True.'c«;iv from (he original deposited
in llie ollice of the Gtmcr .1 Assemhly.
JOHN STEWART.
K'-.-per ot Rolls.
KENTUCKY RESOUrTIO.NS OF
1/98 AND 1799.
[-run oHiniNAi, iinAUtiiir i-ut.Paup.ti nv
THOMAS SKFPKnn.'N ]
The following Resolutions passed the
House <f llepreuntalwes of Kentucky
Alov. 10/A, 179g. On the passage of
the first H tsubitum, one dissentient;‘id,
nd, 4ih, 5/A, tit A, 7th, 8th, two dissen
tients; 9tA, three dissentients.
I. Unsolved, That llie several States
composing tliu United States of America,
are not united on the principle ol unlimited
submission to Iheir General Government;
but tlmt by coinptict, under thu style ami
title of a constitution for the United States,
and of amendments tbaretu, they eanuufu-
led u General Government tor special pur
poses, delegated to that Government cur
lain definite powers, reserving each State
to itself, iho residuary muss of tight 10 their
own self-government; and, (hat whensoev
er llie Geueral Government assumes undel-
egaied powers, 11* nc s tiro immhorilutive,
void, and of no force; toat to this compact
e tell Suite acceded ns u Stale, and is an in
tegral puny; tlmt tins Govunimenl, create ,
bv tbit compact, was ntu made the oxcltt
live or final judge uf the extent ol llie
powers delegated lo ilsolf; since dial woul t
have made its discretion, ami not the Con
stitution. tho m.-asuie of i>s powers; ba ,
dial a* in all oilier case* of compact, anuia..-
|ta. lies having 110 common judge, EACH
I'ARTY HAS AN EQUAL RIGHT
TO JUDUK FOR ITSELF, A>
WELL OF INFRACTIONS AS OF
rilE MODE AND MEASURE OF
REDRESS.
2 lit solved. That the Constitution o
the United States having delegated Iu Con
gress n power to punish treas-in, counlet
foiling tliu securities amt current com of the
Uuifod States, piracies aud lelomet com
united on tho high st as, and olienees against
tile laws of nations, und no utlter crimes
ate. palpable, and daugeious. estrtise uf
other powers not granted by the said com
pact, the states who are partu t thereto,
have the right, and ait in duty bound, lo
interpose for arresting tht progress oj the
ptioriple, and one ot iho ameuilmeuts to die
Cunsiiiuiitm Itavihg also declared, “ litnt
• he powers not delegated to (Ito United
Suiosuy 1I10 Co isnttilton, not proUilri ed
hy it 10 the Status, are reserved to the
the United States, passed 0.1 lists 14th of *‘»« J s ,1,e *“ cooclustotis would flow Irom
July, 1793, entitled, "An act in addition |that the general government may
to the act entitled an net lor the punish- > l'*«*c e »»> ■«' 'b«.v 'htnk proper on the list
mem of certain crimes against d|e United j ol crimes, und punish it .themselves wltetli-
States,” which does abridge the fremlnni Ht enumerated, or not wsunwiated, by the
of the prnss, is NnT aw, but is ultogcdici
void and of no fhiicb.
4. Resolved, That alieu frit'tt'ls arc uu-
dot tho juristlictiun aud protection of the
laws of llie Suite wlteruin they tire: that tie
power over tltem has been delegated 10 he
United States, nor prohibited t.i ho indi
vidual Stales distinct from tlieir powor ov
er citizens: and it being true, as a gm»er.t!
principle, and one of the am .ndinttits- to
llie CoiistitUlimi l|avug tils. dt!ciariill, ,, Ihal
** thn powms not delegate 1 to llie United
States by th > C.insmbtion, nor prohibited
to tun States, are reserved to (lie Sfutes re
spectively, or to the pe .pie,” (ho act of
(lie Congress of the Unite I St.di-s, passed
the 2 - 2d day of June, 17J3, entitled,* 4 At.
act concerning aliens," which aasinieX pow
er over alien fneuda. not delcga ud by llie
Constitution, is n t i.aw, but is altogether
votn and of no force. >
5, Resolved, That in additidtf to the
general principle a* well as tee expiitst de
claration, that (towers not delog tied are c••
set veil, another nnd morn special provision
inferred in the Conxiifmioii, f-otii ahuitdoin
caution bait declared ” that the migration
njmmm $$}
to admit, shall uot be proiiibited by l|m
Congress prior to tne yenr 1808." That
this commonwealth does admit llie migra
tion ol alien friend* di-scribtfit a* lito sub
ject ul tile said u.l coucetuing aliens; tiial
a provision ngainsi prohibitiiig tlieir migra
tion, is 11 provision ug <ius( all acts equiva
lent thereto, nr it would be mig .to-y; that
to remove them when mtgr tied ts eqoiva-
I tnl to a prohibt ion of llibir migra.ion, and
is, thori-lore, contrary to the said provision
of the Constitution, aud void.
G. Resolved, That llie imprisonment of
a person under the protection, ot the laws
of tins Commonwealth ou bis failureto obey
the simple oruoruf the President, <0 depot t
out ufthe U. Stales, as is undl'i.i;ikeni,l<y
tliu said act, uiiillh.d, ** An act concerning
aliens," is coutrary to the cmistttiilioti, one
amendment in whtih has provided', that
'* no pur-on shall tin deprived ol liberty
Without tlue ptocess efltW," and, that an-
otltet liaving provided, 4a that in'an criaiiual
(tiosectifious, ttie acctu tl shall enjoy the
right lo a public trial by au impartial jor.,
I-. be intoimed at (o the mime and cans.:
of the accusation, to be confronted with tile
witnesses ngiinst him, (o have compulsory
process for obtaining witnesses iu Ins Invor,
and lo have assistance of counsel for Ins de
tente," llie same act und. ryaking to author
tse the President to remove u (tors a it out
of the United States who is under the pro
tection uf tint law, on his owu suspicion,
without jury, without public trial; without
conf on 11:1011 of .lie wi u -ssos ag unst him,
without havii.g witnesses in Ins favor, With
out dofunce, wt-liout counsel, is contrary to
these provisions .Iso oil lie CouililotionV
is th. refute not law, but utterly voin-|utd
UK NO KOM-K
Tltul Iraiisferiiig llie power of judging
tv permit who is under the protection of!
2»tiQttfrrr«
8AT|TRDAy7noV. 23-
evil, and Jor m lintain tug within their t-rs- J States respectivriv, or lo tile jteople,"
nmrs.om /;**;<• ,Lm ni./iwitMi ' xiserotu*-,.. s.1.0, lire lame act of Congroas,
passed on the 14th day of Jdly, I79J, and
utiiiiled, ** An act in addition 10 llie act uu-
tilled an uci lor tliu punishment of certain
emnus Against the Umted States;" os also,
llie act passed liv them on the 27th day of
June* 1/9S, entitled, *• Aa act to punish
Iraods committed on the Bank of llie Uni-
dtalbs,” (and all other tlieir acts winch as
sume to create, define, or punish ctpues
oilier than those enumerated in the Consti
tution) art altogethei ruitl and of no Jura ,
aud that the power lo create, define, aud
pun.sit suchtoihur crimes is reserved, and
ol righl appellants solely and exclusively to
tee respective States, each wtliiiu its own
litiliot limits, the authorities, rights, dad
liberties, appertaining to them,
I'ital the General Assembly doth also
express rs deep regret that n spirit ibis, in
* y instances, beon manifested, by the
Ft dond Ueverittitt-iil, 10 eulai^'e ll* |»ow*
etsb. forced cons.iurtmi.s of too j.oi:siiiii-
] at vnarnsr winch dufi-ios lltsin ) sod that
i/aJ.c.it.uM have appeared ol a design to ex-
.us.'Md rer.kin general phrases, (which, Itav-
i'tgoce.i <-4>|.it-d float llie very Iniiiled grant
nf poorer* tit the former AniclesofCon-
f -deraii.M, w to (ha less hsbln 10 he mis
coas'r iwi.) s 1 aa 10 destroy (tie mkaoiag
aaf ktf -es 01 -fie particular euum.traiioii
w’lir't necees dy es,... nd limns Uie
go te. .1 .thrasas, a I si at to consolidate I terriioiy.
the ?> 1 tes by lege », into ont ilootTtigit-1 -3. Res/doe./, That il is trot, as a gene/-
ty, tho ohvioHi tendency and evitable result. al principle, aud is also expressly declared
constitution as cognisable by their; that
they may transfer its recogniz nice to the
I’resident or any other pers >n, who may
nttusail be tile accuser, counsel, judge and
jury, wlmso suspicions may lie 'lie evidenc-
his ordet tin- sentence, his officer the exe
cu.ive, and bis bri.-usi the sole record of
the transaction; that a very miincious and
valuable description of the inhabitants ut
• It esc states, being by this precedwm teduc
nd is out laws to .lie .ibsulnle dotiiinioti of
one man and tlte b trrinrs uf the cons.i.unou
thus swept fiom us all; no rampart now re-
maitis against the passions aud the power of
a majnttty of Congtess, to pro eel I'ront
l.ke exportation or other grievous punish
ment the minority of the same bony, llie
legislatures, judges, governors and counsel
lorsof the states, nor their other peaceable
inhabitants who may venture to rnelaint the
constitutional rights and liberties of tliu
states, and people or who, for other causes,
good or bad, may be obnoxious to the view
or marked by tho suspicious uftlie Pres
dent, pr to be thought dangerous to his or
tlieir elections or other interests, pub
lie or persosal; that the friendless alien
lias beau selected as the safest subject nf a
,iiv citizen wilt soon
follow, or rather Ins already followed:
for alro idy has n sedition uct marked him
as a prey: That these nnd successive
acts of the sain t character, unless arrested
on the threshold; may lend to drive these
states into revolution and blood, und will
furnish now calumnies against n-pit .lican
governments, and new pretexts foi those
who wisli it to be behoved, that man can
not be governed bat by a rod of iron; that
it would be a d ingeron* delusion were a
confidence in llie men of our choice to si
lence our fours for tile safety of our rights;
that confidence is every whore the parent
of despotism; tree government is founded
in jealousy aud not confidence winch pre
scribe* liiuicd constiiulioas 10 bind down
the thu to whom we are obliged 10 trust with
powor; th it our constitution lias accordingly
fixed the limits to winch and no farther our
confidence may go; und lot llie hones! ad
vocate of confiJonce read tho alien airi se
dition acts, and s iy if tire constitution lias
1101 been wise iu fixing limits 10 the govern
mun( it created, und whether wo should Oe
wise in destroying those limitst Let Inin
say wltil the government is, it n be not a
tyranny, which tho men of our choice have
conferred on (lie President, end tin- Prtsi
dent of our choice has assented to and ac
cepted ova, tlte friendly strangers, to whom
the mil I spirit of our country and its laws
had pl -dged hospital Jy and protection; that
(lie men of our choice nave inure respected
tltul.us suspicions of the Prcsidunt titan
the solid rights of iunoceiicc, tire claims ot
1'istiiic ilian, tho saeved fore of tra il, and
Hie firms uud substance of law nnd justice.
In questions o! power then let no moro O'-
said of cotifi leuce in nit-n, but bind him
down from intschiel by the chains oi the
<: institution, riiat this c .mmonivkai.tii
doi:* -riiKReroiiK call on its co htatbs
any person who is un ler the protection oil for an expression of tbeit sentiments on the
ibc laws, fiom lists courts to llie Pivsidom 1 acts concerning aliens, and for the punish
er the United Stales as is undertaken by ilm | .iiciit uf certain crimes lierui 1 before spcct-
vhhb aci concerning aliens, is iigainst the I lied, plainly declaring whether these acts
article >.f ihe Cons/ituiion winch provides, I iru or are not aiithoiised Iiy the federal
that “(lie judicial power of the United compact. And if doubts not that tlieir
Stale sit ill bo vested m tliu cutiris, tlte s.iitsc- will be so announced as to prove that
judge* ol which shall hold tlieir utlice dur-! ittacli.limit to limited government, whether
lag goo-1 behavior," and that toe s.a! act t,' general or (.articular, and that (lie tights
void for lii il reason also; and it is tail lie. 1 .u.l libeiiius of tlieir co-sl ties will be expos-
10 be noted tint this liausfei of Jiijiei >rv •' «d 10 110 dangers by remaining ombarke t
power is to dial magistrate of 1 to general: on a common bottom with tlieir own; But
govern mem who ntioady po.-susa. s all ihe ttuy will concur with tui* common .ve.illh
•■xeentiva, and n qualified- ueg.nive, in fill [ m cutid 1...in/ the said net* a* a palpably
the legislative power*. {again* the Cooxulution as 10 amount 10 an
(o by the House, as follows :
The Kcpieteiitativosoffne goo 1 People
of ibis Commonwealth, in General .Assam
bly couvened, having m timely considered
Ihe answers of Sundry Stales in the Union
to iheir resolutions passed die lust session,
respecting cerium unconstitutional laws of
Congress, commonly called the Alien and
Sedition Laws, would te faithless, indeed,
to themselves,nnd 10 those they represent,
were they silumly to acquiesce in the prin
ciples and doctrines attempted lo be maiir
(.lined in all those answers, dial of Virgiuia
only excepted. To again enter tliu field
of argument, aud attempt more fully or
forcibly to expose die uuconsituliouuliiy ot
those obnoxious It: ws, would, it is appro*
headed, be ns unnecessary as unavailing.
fe cannot, however, but lament, dial, iu
the discussion of tlioso interesting subject*,
by sundry of the Legislatures of our sister
Slates, unfounded suggestions and uucait-
ditl insinuations, derog itory to die true
character and principles olTliis Common
wealth, has been substituted in place of fail
reasoning and sound argument. Our opin
ions of these alarming measures ol the Gen
eral Uovetnmeul, together with our reasons
for those opinions, were demited with de
coney and with temper, and submitted <n
the discussion and judgment of our lellow
citizens throughout dm Union.-*-iV-ethei
the ike decency and temper have been
observed m the answers of most of ttto e
alaies wiio have denied ot attempted to
obviate me great truths contained in muse
resolutions, we liavn now ;ulv to submit to
a c.mdid world. Fatthful to tire true priii
ctpiesoi tut: Federal Union, unconscious oi
any designs 10 disturb the harmony of th ,1
Union, and anxious only to escape me fangs
of despotism, tne good people of (his Com
moiiweuldi uie regardless of censure or
calumniation. Least, however, the sdenen
*a#h‘*-witU eltrtiiM ho emtvirun
teu iuio an acquiescence in the dociries and
principles advanced aud attempted to be
maintained by iho mid autwai, or at least
diose oi our fellow-citizens throughout the
Union who so widely ddhr fiom us on
diose important subject, should he deluded
by die expecta.iou dial we sh ill be del.er
red from wltat we conceive our duty, or
sin ink from the principles contained 111
those re solo tons : Therefore.
Itcsolved, Thu thu Commonwealth consider*
tlte Federal Union, upon Ihe terms and for the pur
pose specified in tlte late compact, as conductive to
tne liberty nnd happiness ol the several Males:
Flint it does now unequivocally declarants attach
ment to the Uuion, and to that compact, agreeably
lo its obv ions nnd real intention, nnd wilt be nipong
the lest to soelt its dissolution: That it' those win.
administer tlte Ueoerul liovornnient be permitted
to transgress the limits fixed by that compact, by a
total disregard to the apeciul delcgnhons ol power
•herein cot.toned. An annihilation of llie 8lnle liov-
7* Resulted, That the construction, np
plied by die goueral government (a. it ev
ident by sundry uf (heir proceedings) to
those parts of die constitution of pie U.ii.ud
States, which delegate to Congress, (rove,
to I .y and collect taxes, -duties, impoits,
exercises; te pay the debts, and provide to.
die common defencq, ai.d general welf.re
ol die U: States, and to make all iaw> wuicit
shall be uncosaary uud proper fai carrying
into execution tlte power* vested by tin
C.rustilutiou iu (oi.- gov. lu.i.ciit of tlte U it-
led Stales, or any dejrer.iiien; Uter. ot, goes
to die dequaction uf all ilia limi s preset to
ed 10 tlieir power t-v Hie Coastitutio.,—
F iat words meaot by t ta( instrumem to Oi-
subsid.tarv oulv lo tlte exeendoa'of the '.al
lied powers, ought hoi to he to co.islrued.
ns themselves to give unlimited powers, not
oudiseutsjjd declaration, that dm compact
is not meant to be tlte in sisuro of the pow
ers of the General G'oveiimi. nt, but that il
will (iruceeti in die exercise over liiese
state* of all puw<-rt whatsoever. Thai
they will view this as scxing the rights ol
tue tiates and ccusoli.laling them in tlte
bands of the General Government, with a
(tower assumed to bind the states (not
merely iu cases made fed.-rai] but in all
cases whatsoever, by laws in t-tt', n >t witn
tlieir consent, bat by otttei* against tlieir
consent; tini: this wou'd be to sotr -nder
tlte form uf gaveriiiimut we It ive chosen,
and live under—deriving its power* fiom
ns owu will, nod uot from its authority; ao t
-hat 1111 co-staics recurring to lueir uator.l
rr. lit* in CM'-! not 'na if edti.nl, will t-
ttir in declaring these void asd of qp forcl,
eiainonls, and the crentien upon tlieir mins of a
General Consolidated Government, will be the in
evitable consequence : That theprincipltandcon-
struct ton eonttnued forty/ snmlry of Ihe Mute Legso-
kU«rc«, Uuit the Genera! (Joeemmest it the cxe/usire
jwtgu of the extent of the pincers deleguled lo it, stop
nothin!! short of D&bPUTISM—since the disc re
turn oj those who administer the Goiernment. ami not
thu COM& TI I'UTION, would Oe the measure of
their powers: That the several Mutes wtio foruted
that instrument, being sovereign and inuepondont,
have tlte unquestionable right lo judge of the in
fraction : and THAI' A NUi.lJ1IC4i’lO.N UY
THJSi:SOV..Kt,lGNTlfcS,OF ALLUNAU
TliUKt/.CI> ACTS DUNK UNDER COLOR
OF THAT INSTRUMENT, IS THE KfUHT-
F(JL REMEDY 1 Tbatthi* Commonwealth does
trader tlte most dcltbrratc reconsideration, declare,
that the said Alien and Sedition Laws arc, in tlieir
optnioa, palpal,ic violations ol die said Constitution
aud, ltoivaverchoorlu(ly it may be d.sjKised to sur
render its opinion to a majority of its sister Stttes,
m matters of ordinary or daunttul policy, yet, in
momentous regulations like tlte present, which so
vitally wuuud Ihe best rights of the citizon, it
would consider a silent acquiescence ns highly cri
minal : Tlmt although Una Cominowealtii, vs a
party to the Federal compact, will bow to llie laws
of thn Union, yet it does at Uie same time declare,
tiial it will nut now, or over liereuller, cease to op
poso, in a constitutional manner, eviry attempt, at
what quarter soever otfered, lo violate that cotn-
j.aet. And. finally, in order tlmt no protest nr ar-
gnmonu may be drawn from a supposed aeqaios-
oncu on the part of tins Commonwealth lit Ihe eon-
sbtutiobalilj ol those laws, and tie tlioiehy used as
precedents lor siiu.tar future violations ol the Fed
eral compact—this Commonwealth does now enter
against itiem its 3ULEMN PRUTtaf.
Extract, ttc: Attest,
THO’st. TODD, C, II. R.
In Senate, .Vov. it, t.'JJ—ItcaJ and concurted
in.
Attest, B. TIIURSTON, C. 8.
R\IL KUAD AlEi.ri.YU.
According to previous notice a large -and respect.
able portion oftne citizen* of West Point assembled
at /.. Gs.iazeu's Hotel on d .lurduy Iho lOtla rest to
take into coostderajon llie subject at internal itn
probotnenl relative to the prapriuly nfu Rail Koao
I'rum this place lo Columbus, t to motion of H.
Kiug Iqsq. Ataj J. C. tVeob was called lo Ills clutir
and II It. Martin appointed suc.etary. Alter thn
object of Uie meeting was ably and elaborately ex
plained by tlte chair tlte following preamble and
.esolauou oifered by Duct (J. IK Mali were adop
uu.
If'.ierens under tlte .minority of a joint reaoiitiun
ul Uh general Assmnlily passed at tne sosooit ul Uu
Laigisiaiure of Idol of bus state, Wiu Nichols Esq.
a genuemau ol tngn quaiiaeations we* apjann-et.
by Uie Eaecut.ve whunas since made Use aacessurj
s*. vey lo as.erUm Uie p.acticabdity ot u commerciu
vo.u.UkDieulion betweeu inis place und llie town
of oolombus, aud tlte mlbriuatiou au far at bos bee.,
received trout the eogmeet appointed,.sea.-re y I .-
. oorante lor Hat constructtuu ot a Rail Road down
,au easteru bane ol the Chaltalatncbeo rivei, ane
.10m litr geograpluca. aitualatl. o. *■ est 1*0"U is
reiatatn lu the commerciat mterost northward the
(. Uurlricnd“Kodol|.A" mast l.cpnlicnl;n.altci*af:\
public nature, claim oar first oUen'.ion..
FIRE.
Tlte Mifludgevlle pnprrsol tlic SOU. iest. inform us
that the Stale. House ou Saturday last, took fire,
and the Haines spread with sucl. rapidity, aided
by a liigh North West wind, that the destruction t>f
tlte capitol seemed at nee lime inevitable; but by
the energetic and persevering etlortr, uf the
citizens, und members of the Legislaare, togeth
er witli a negro man, named 8am, belonging to Mr.
tfarior. who fearlessly exposed Imnself, and tender
ed the most cfiectnef service; the devouring ele
ment wan finn//y arrested, and oar stately Capitol
p.eserved. Damage not contidcicd sennas.
* >u th-’nks lo the citizens, and mentis r- oftbeLe
gislature—and Sam loo.
The Hre is suppose" to have originated from a
spa. It from one ot Ihe chimneys, alighting on the
roof.
Theexnosilionof Judge Shorter wilt command
the ntl-ution of nat renders. Of the merits of dm
difficulty, or the extent of tbo evil likely to result
IVom it. we hnve no knowledge and cun form no
very correct opinion. Tim bills of tlie Brink pre
vious to the late ctmirees tit the officers of that in.
stitation, were we bdfieve m good credit et home
and abroad; if they are now otherwise or hereafter
become so, those wj/oever lliey may he that litvo
occasioned it, ought injustice to lie responsible tug.
Die consequences. The whole eommenhy hi.vi
an interest r> tiic correct man agemen ot inr UeuPs, ‘
and while they should -not condemn without
caose, prudence require* that thoy efmald know
the tretii and tho »B- ! e train. 3neh institutiune
should lie like Cesar’s wilo, not only free front
crime, but above suspicem. Whs* they are „ot
M tlie people have a right to look into lire matter,
n*d see if there is not' cheating going 0* some*
where. ”
We lay before our readers to day, the result nftlie
.State Rights' Meeting held in Milledgevilieua the
13lh inst. and trust, that all tne friends of Kei
peblicanism throughout tip, state, will raise the Rug,'
und support the adopted resolutions. Tha Federal'
doctrines, cannot long triumph in this 8t.no; no
matter by wbat name disguised. The hypocritical
cuiitofthe demagogue, " Union Union'' jvili l.mse
its charm, and reflecting men, through where vein*
flow the principlei of liberty. will expose Die cheat,
and Georgia will be lierseil again. Oar opponents
MO* hot when wo o*1l tl,e,n Federalists, while they
advocate the very same doctrines, will. Ihe high-
toned Federalists of the north; every body must see,
that the name, is all that can difler them. The north,
era Federalists were opposed to President Jackson,
and especially Ihe commencement of bis adminis
tration 1 the reason in at hand: lw then acted with
tho Repaolican Party, and practiced their faith.—
But by Borne strange infatuation, tlie President
drawn around him the robe of purple; issues aa
imperial proclainu'ioit, places himself far in front
of Federalism, and we find every federal Print,
engage in his taiqiort, aud every northern federal
ist* sounding hi* praise. In rolutiontolhe Procln-
miititm nnd Force Bill, litem is nn entire agreement
between me well known and avowed federalist*
and tne party in our own slate who desire to distil-
goish themselves by tlie appellation of Union par.
■tf« It is high time that tlie friends of state .Sove
reignty and constitutional liberty situate wake up,'
and break tlie charm, that attache* itself to an insi
dious name, nnd fearlessly assert nnd maintain tlie
doctrines taught by our utd Apostle of liberty,
Tliointis JetFerso .
We have lUt great pleasure in learning that the
meeting at tlie Capital of onr Suite, was numerous
Iy utlondod, and that harmony and unanimity pre
vailed. I' is important that we act in conceit;
tltul party spirit, self-mteseot, and ambition, be
aacfificedoo the ututrofoai common country. We
hope osr renders will given careful poiuset to the
preamble and Resolutions, nnd Hint their hearts will
throb in daioon with oars, white tve cry success to
Ihe doctrines of ’!W, in the whole anil each of its
ports, in theory and pnrtice.
The Editor of tlte Charleston Mercury, n't, r
f iving Ihe result of the election for speaker ot Un<
loare of represents live* end seers tnry of tho Sen-
ate in the Georgia l-cgtoluture says, if this is retro
grading as llie Courier, would make nut, it is ccr-.
taiuly going backward* tread fire most.
A will be seen by the following lettm fiom Gov-:
Troup, that lie litis resigned his seat in the Henalo
of Ilia United States,
haurens County, 8th Nov. 1633.
In execution ol a deferred resuiutiott,.! '
r.jgign my seat in the Senate of the U.
State*. Reasons merely persdmt!, it'would
concern you very little lo receive—and
others, which ure of hitter import, belong
to my constituents, who migin (tot choose
to be troubled wit)i llre.n. It may suffice,
that if tl.e people of Gcorgi 1 ! arc at they
wero, uuoilier can Sorvu them more use?
fully ; nnd that it they nro ttoi, t jvQuId be
the last whom'they would scloc! to serve
thorn at rail.
Your fellow-citizen,
.0.14; TROUP.
As much interest it felt by tire reader* ef the En
quirer. at >■ -1 as the public generally, in thi! see-
turn ofemi.tiy, upon :lw diflirnl es between Ala- :
trem* and tli: general government, it wifi be expbe-
icd that we aimuhl give some informs!ion upon"
ilist snhjoet which dray satisfj the pablie mind.
We regret however, that We haVe'reeeived nottl ug ■
official upon the subject; and can only give the fab
lowing, mnn.lhe “ Richmond Enquirer," purport
ing to be iuatrectioM from the ■ .WerDepmtnreni”
>u Mm. McIntosh, Commanding at F°<l Miteholl,
and to Francis 8. Key Esq.-
White on this subject, wo won/d merely remark
that while the Maj. is mderud to yield in his own
person, or in that ol those under ius oummand, to tho
civil anthoritres ol the stale of Alabama, or tho U. -
8. court: Yet Mr Rev is directed especially lobring
tire mutter without delay, befbre a judge ol tho U- *
8, court for l.is determination. How far Ibis may •
he coMp tlihla with tlie dignity of the state author,
.ties, we will lehFfi other* to judge. ,
llstruct of a Letter to Major J. S M’/n*
tosh dated October iitth, 1833.
” Sin— Y.mr letter of the 2M iu*t- to
' gjur Geuvtttl Mu-otub bus beo . laid be-
: re we—unit, iu uniwur I ,b«'e.»o loftirm
>0, thin y,n will mfeipqsu no obsiuclc ra
.tig snvite uf l. gal process uj.on guy ofli-.