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CONG K&SSlOiS Ali.
1m Sknatte-Veceqier ll >-
The Vico I’liri.ideul on lakj/»e his Jrtl,
n« pri'Miiioi> ufliter »»:' llio Senuio, delivered
the following AddreVs.
Sexatohs;—In einen’- B on the duties of
Alie Sialion (o which 1 li.nn hcen cnileil hy length m support of the fiwiffbn
id . Allan strongly Opposed Mr, Folk'* , that (lie evil would sooh bo boyoYiil remedy
motion, lie tvas followed by —and that delay would spread* rain through
Mf. Seldom of New YnVk, who also | lira country to its remotest bounds.
My opposed t!io motion, iincl^ wi?n»*y J/r. \htd*rp6o\. tpoku : tn favor of Mr.
vucaiod ihc rofsrtncc id * Commiilco of ulk'^nto/ioii—alirihuu'iJ the conuu^rciai
tle^ wiSs., _ , t
Mr. Foote folluwod tirt the name side.
Mr. Beardsley spoko. oi cotuidei'uble
tlio poo/il", d'Oereiu r v.m, mid jmoico r.>
tnvself, require llta/ I should (prestoI OX-
pcctaiiuiH which utlmrwlso might ho disap.
pointed. Although ihr many years here
tofore a oiemiier ol tlm .SimihSj, I regret
that f should not nave acquired that ktinwl-
edge of-tlie particular order of its prnceod-
tigs, which might tiBhimy' bo expected.
Unforiunuti-iy lor rm.-, in inspect to til)
present condition, 1 -ever found tbosn ai
band who bad inun) .’correctly appreciated
this import.ml branch of their duties, uni!
dit tvliose opinions, ns lit points of order, J
could atall tinios safely .iely*». This remiss*
ness wi'.f d.iubthiss. for asoasou, cause me
rn small degree of embarrassment, ho
far, hotvoivr, ns unremitting oxortions on
my part .ad a proper respect for tho advice
of thoso wlm aro belter mtnr«tod titan my
self, can avail, tbii deficiency will bo rout-
edied as speedily as possible; mid I feel
persuaded tlmt the Semite in Hie - im-omimo
will extend to mo n considorahlo indulgence.
But however Starring 1 may bo for the
timo, in a ttro-oegh'huo-.vlcdgc of tlio tccli-
idcnt duties «f the Chair, i entertain, 1
humbly hope, .n uridft and solemn conviction
of its high frttr/'l rttligMions, f am well
•warn thin tie Vho ■occupies His bound, to
choriah towards t:,a raembers of site body
over wlwclt Im prdsidca, ho Other feelings
than those opjinutoo mill ccurtesy; to ro-
gnrd them all wiusdlhg an on hoimxtdo
quality M Apply Cft-a ; luffi os*. l»l Oread by
lliomsctaes far their Own Government,
wim strict iop-jitioldy, and to use what*
over authority ho potsossss, iuiha utwouer
bos/ cider. >od'to protect the'rights, to ros*
peel tho ftiwlir c«. Will to guard ibo repuin-
ions of allwiio mny be affected by its sixer*
cise.
It is no disparagement to any other
branch of the Government to say, that
tltoro is none c.t which tint Cotiiliteiiort,
devolves such extensive,powers ss tt does
’on tho derm:a. There it scarcely an ox*
orciso of cettxtiintionid anfliorHy in which
it doc* wet fnod'tittly or immediately par
ticipate. >t fcrr.rt si. important, and, in
some ra»*i*.alj, on indispctithble .part *f each
of tlio litres .grjrat dnpnrtatcfrts, executive,
legismihre end fodwifri; eml h, moreover,
tho body hi which ip made effectual tint
slinro of pewur iu the federal Organitfri-
lion so wsaoly allowed to the respective
Slnto aovstrer'fitn't.
Invested vith such ungtHt powers, to
judiciossaly restricted, and so sugrdy ndap*
ted to rise porpirwi of good GoVfrnnnjm,
it is uDJsrnndcr tlmt tho Senate hi regarded
by the people sd tho United States m one
of tint beet features of whrft they nt leftist
consider to be the wisnst, llio freest, end
the liuppsnei jrofhic.il system in tho world.
In fervosst srisliot, that it may long con
tinue to be to regarded, »od in S conviction
ef Hie importance of order, propriety and
regularity ie in proceeding*, wo ftiust nil
•uucur.
It shall bo the effect-of my highest am
bition, Senator*, to join with ^ou, as far
as in mo lies, in effecting tlitve desirable
objeoi»| ami in rntwruBj tn renliso nil
expoctution formod at this body at the a*
doplion uf the Coiwtitutiott, and ever sinco
confidently cheiished, ttusi it would exer
cise the must efflriem iaAoence in upholding
llio Federal System, end in perpetuating
whnt is at once tho foundation trad safe
guard of our country's welluru tho union of
llio Stains.
Tlio Presidont'thnn announced that tho
•lection of the standing committee was (lie
Ol der of the day; whou, on tlio second bah
\nt for a clmimiun of the committee on
Foreign Relations, tho ballots was for
Wilkins 26Forayfb IS.
Mr. Wilkins whs accordingly elected
chnirinaii of tbo Committee on Foreign
Relations.
Mr. Clay moved that tho Chairmen of
all the Coinmuuro* should bo first elected
Which tlm Senate agiecd to.
The Senate then proceeded to nlect a
Ct airman for the Cotnmitteo on Finunco,
which on the third ballot lusuhed in the
choice of Mr. Webster.
Chairman of tho Committee on Coni'
morce; Mr. Silsboo, 23 votes.
Chairman of tho .Committee on- Manu
factures.* Mr. Frulioghuysan, 23 votes.
Chairman of the Committee on Agricul
ture: Mr. Brown, 42 votes.
■ Chairman of tho Commiuco on Jiilitary
AITniis: Air. Bouton, 36 vmus.
Chairman of tho Cuminittpedu tho Mi-
liti t: Mr. Uohiuson, 43 votes.
Chairman of llio Committoo on Naval
Aflnirs: Mr* SonUuift, 23 votes.
Cimirinau ef tlio Committoo ,,(>n tlm
Public. Linds: Mr. Poin4oxt'u ( r ) .24 vmos., -
Chjirmtn ul tho Commitieo on Pnvalo
L-itiil Clains: Mr. Kanty-M voioa,
Ciiairm in of tup Committoo on ludinn
Adairs: Mr, Wltttti, 24 votes.
Cimiriiiiin of tlio Com.iiiiteu on Claim*;:
Mr. Uell, 29 votes,
Tho Senate then proeiiudodto ballot fur
a chairman of tlio Conmmio un tbu Judi
ciary which resulted in the oluctiouof Mr.
Clayton. ‘, •'
Chairman of tho pdmmitioo on the 1‘ust
O.iHeo utlX Post lioads, Mr, (jrundy, 43
Vo:os,
Air. Cioiliar,) replied iifs/t'anioousidcibto
nnibsrriisniettis spoken of to other cadse*
beside* the removal oftlie Dcpositcs—ntlil
piomiunced mi euliigiuni on tho Presi
dent,
tor
Chairman of tlie Cu.nmlitbe on Roads'
dialo decision of tlio UcpOsito question,
Mr. Polk spoko for did motion anil de
clared hirtntsll ns tlosircu* «» ally t.enflo-'
titan in tlm llpuso to bring ti.n-quostiuii
to a speedy issue. j
Tho Ilpuse adjoun:cJ,:Mr. Burgos hav
ing thu floor.
O rcr.Mr.Rrt, 17
The discussiun tof Mr, P.nlk’s morion
tecutisidcraiion wits icsu'med. * .
Mr. Binges yielded the lluor to Mr.
Clayton, tvlin said, in tint coarse of lis
spceglt, that he tvas opposed to tho Balk
ns both expedient and uncOhitiiuiiniinl. ito
thought the doposites unsafe in uny Bajk,
mtd he did lint doubt thaf liioy xveio nitro
unsafe in the local Bunks than in tho UjS.
Bunk, flo said, ,1
The Stum Banks nmy read tlmii fmejin
that of tlio United Slate* Bank. If l fn-
tlu'rsaiid tlio Sucrutary's report, tlm unsafe
ly of Zlw depoaites in tho United Slates
Bank forms no part of thu reasons lor jliis
removini; them—they nro of auntlicr ch'tr-
actcr. Now I think tlio Stnio Banks may
read their fate In that of tlio United States
Bank. In the contract made Villi'lhom by
tlm Secretary, be has unlimited dtfcrelion
to removo ilium when ho pleases, the mo-
-nient that a State Bank permits spy tiling
'wiiich tho Secretary thinks improper, or
votes at an election in a manner, not ap,
proved, the doposhos will be rbmovod a
gum. JSvery bank is tne centre oVa circlu
in which 1 it trades. -Loxus to an amount
-equnil to its capacity forjaccoinnuidutfbiwire
made, lit may so happen that (his call for
n teasovni again, may coma when tlio Gov
ernment depusilus aro all onl in tlio hands
of its customers. Now whnt will be the
coneoqnoncut The customers will have to
bo pushed, or the bank must refuse to
comply with tho older. Whnt if it choos
c* to decline u compliance With tlm Secre
ary’s order? tlave ywu any other remedy
than a law snitl And think you lira. Bank
would not prefer tho “laws delay” to tho
rein «f their doalcrs? What other recourse
have you than the compulsory prbccss of
laWT, Over tho Bank oftlie United States
you hold tho rod of a forfeiture, of its char
ter, if it 'violates that charter, and in this it
is too much interested to risk incurring
{ nor displeasure. Not so with tlio Slate
((inks. You have no control over their
ehartutt; Thoy dorivo them from another
xvurto, nod aro perfectly Independent of
yon in every thing but tho obligations of
a simple contract, wiiich they can draw into
litigation upon tho protest that you Imve
troatod them unjustly; and this thby would
cornnnly do, if your order found your de-
posites from homo, rather thou involve its
affair* in ruin. This mny jbo tlio enso in
three hundred banks, iliero being about that
number in the United States for tho dpnps-
lies can, if the Secretary choosns, be divi
ded among the whole of thorn, giving to the
Gxccutivo branch of Government, tno most
unbounded influence over nil .tbo. .State
Governments—nn influence Hint nothing
can resist, just because 11 is.a monied ihflu-
once. And this connected with the . groat
General Government at this place, would
create n power that nothing could with
stand. ' Besides, Mr. Speaker, whnt Inis
been dona may bo done again. Trading
has. been carried on in tlio Slock of tlio
Bank of tho Uuitod States to a vory groat
oxtent, by reason of the uso of political
information and public documents emana
ting from this place. Whin if similar
speculations were undertaken upon. the
stocks of State Banks? Does not every
one perceive that nothing would so luflu-
unco thoir vnluo as iho sudden removal of
tho depoaites, mid If theso revolutions, ci.
(her by accident or dosign, wore to be
fruqueui, that immenro lortunrs could be
won or lust, at lira ntnro discretion of ono
individual. I will place such a ruinous
power in tiro hands of no ogo mao.
Air. Speaker, n speedy determination oT
this question is all important to the repose
of tho country, and that determination can
be most expeditiously had in llio commit-
loo on tho state of tho Union. Tlm Sc-
croiurv bus loimod his opinion on tho rea
sons contained in his teporl,\or he has not
done so. If upon tho former, then the
Committoo of VVnys and Means can odd
nothing to them, oor opinion must bo form
ed upon his own facts and arguments, nnd
wo can judge for ourselves ns well as Ihnf
committee, /t he baa not done to, Hum
lie lias decided improperly, if ho has de
termined tiro question upon reasons and
tacts, known and unknown, nt the time,
nud dopnnded upon his fi'lcmls in U vhIoc!
committee loJltA up other reasons td boar
him our,, then ho has also decided- this
question improperly, Mr. Speaker, my
hostility is to dro r.lnrtor of the Bank, nn'd
not lo'lho Stockholders or its Directors
it is uot to thoso thousands of indivulunli
who nro now connected with it by a Ion;
coursu uf dealings tiro disturbance of wliic
miglit oinsilpoveriv and ruin'upon a noi
prospermis condition. I wish'iu vcr to se
/ho hunk vc-clrarluroJ but / ivisli to ease ii
down wiilmiit iiijmym its nuniorous debt
ir*. Is it thn wish nfihn GoVi-rmnont t-
and Can..is: Mr. iloudricks, 43 vole'-
Cli linnmof tiro Cn' imiiteuon i’euslojtt
Mr. TotyilpSO'l, 25 vote*.
Cluir'-uan uf <li* Cuaiviiitlno on Ilevolu-
tlnanry Cliiims; Mu W >ji ii ,33 qotqft. ..
Chaii iiran ofliiU CunlmA(BO .Od jliu Drs-
trici of Cdlumhia: Mr, Chambers, 03
votes. NBL
_ Chairaiau'of the CnmmltlQO onllit* cuu-
tigont Kxpcmliiuies uf tho Senate; Mr.
R night, 37 votes.
.Chairman* of the. Committee 00 Eu-
grossou Bills* Mi.Slieplty. 23 voles.
JIOL'SE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
BANK DEPOtSITKS.
Air. Allan, nt Kentucky, brouglq before
the House tbo subject e- Mr folk*. n,u/iou
to rcconsidei fb vote miusiug /Ua rea.in
of the. Secretary fiLlhe Treasury, on' t |„.
rt-movut uf ura pnhl.c deques 'iron, the
qanK yttD9 Us 5*
„ ... tl Mr. McDnfl’io rose./indilftokc nflArlv nft
follow—i wsihp.^0 word •«
the usual mode of proceeding on questions
of this kind, and to smio to /lie House-win*/
will 'he the result if llray permit this paper
to u-mnin in tin: Conimitleo of (Ira Wliuio
nn the Slate of tlio Union. It appears' to.
mo ilia/ pemlomen have misappreliendod
the parliamentary rule mid us.igo on this
subject.; Ii is tiie invariable rule of tiro
British l’mliomhiit, nml I believe of almost
every deliberative body in tins country
to scitic great principles in the Committee
of tho Whole on tho State of tho Union.
If a hill is to ho raported, it is then rnforred
to a Commiltco of tho ilmse.—If, sir, this
document goes (o n. Committee of llio whole
00 the Slate of /ho Union, <ve shall ■ There
smile iliiisn groat principles, our decision
upon which ought to ho made known tb
thu community. If it ho the opinion of
ibis Hmise (lint wohaVo a right to violata
tlm express stipidn(ions of the charier of
iho bank, ns has been dono by tho with*
dratval of llio public dcpOsi/s and this too,'
on a mere point ol convenience, let such
opinion bn made known; and -tiro coin
mnnitjr will be set.arrest on this point
/f, again, il Ira tho opinion of the houso
thnt tho Secretary of lira Treasury had
a right to withdraw ibeso doposiis. or ra
ther, that the President hud a right to
order him to do so, on more spncnUfivo
opinions lot it bo so declared, and it
Will tlion hneo nothiug to do' but to or
der tno Committal* on Ways and .Weans
to report, a frill to that cflact. Theso
are tiro great-principles involved in the
question Imforo us, soldo these Sir, and
all tho others hro wholly nnimprtrtnni.
If it ho sottlod that it is right to romovc.
tlio doposita from tho Bank of tho Uuijod
States, wo may soon como to a docisiou
as in tho solvency of tho State Banks.
I hsvo no doubt that tho Secretary usod
n common degroo ot discretion in select'
ing life banks (o wiiich the deposits havo.
been (ransferred nor shall I bo disposed
to dislorb them unless good grounds .are
shown for so doing.
The groat question, sir, ooglp to ho sot
tlod at onco. 1 hope the House will consent
to go inton Committee Of iho Wholoontlio
stato of tho Union. 1 jhon proposo to .of-
■fcr certain resolutions, involving the great
questions of principlo. If tho Homo shall
decide against thorn, ns pHihably it will, tho
minid of tho community at least will be sot
at rost. t nm moro anxious for tho attain
ment of (ills than any other object. Sir, 1
beseech tho //ooso to sot tiro minds of the
community nt res/. If there bo any man
disposed to keep np this discussion for po
litical eflbct, at tlio expense of the pablic
imercsts end public feeling—-1 cannot be
lieve there ii such « man here—hot, sir, if
thore bo such a man, ho deserves the ex
coriation of tho whole 'community. Wlmt
more-evidonen do wo need?- All. tho
aintomems relnlivo to llio Bank are matter
of record, and, cun ho obtained in n mo-
njont. Tho stntomonts of iho Bank and
tho stntomonts of tho Socro/nry of tho Trea
sury differ, but they nro matter oi record.
Wniit do we expect to do by referring this
document, to a committoo, unless wo wish
for another long report? We havo the
President’s reasons for Whnt ho has dono at
length—for I believe, sir, it is in ordor to
speak of thnt now, ns tho President has re
fused to send tho document to nnothcr quar
ter, on tho ground that it was a public doc-
umetit.' Yus, sir, wo have Ids reasons Why
ho gave hit orders to the Secretary ot the
Treasury for .the withdrawn! of thedopos-
iies, within sixty days of tho meeting of
Congress. Lot ns, (Iron, go into a com-
mif/eo of iho Whole with thoso two docu
mertts.' Surely even tiro President’s
friends must bo Satisfied with this. Not
sir, ho it Understood,* that I give my assent
to nil the statements there made. No, sir
1 nm prepared to show, on tho inch of
thoso documents, that /hero is a mistake of
three of four millions in tho statement oi
the Secretary of lira Trtesury.
Air. M'Dnflio conclndrd hy observing,
that ho hoped the lloern would come to
tho conclusion, to settle tiro question that
dny.
Mr. Sutherland spoko in favor of the
motion of Mr. Polk, lie said ha was rea
dy to plodgo himself if tho commi/tae of
Ways and means .were di'irtory, that lie
would living forward a motion to c.qmpol
(hem to report. He thought fliey wonld
report speedily, sad not delay fur ninety
days ns apprehended hy the geullomnn
from Now-Yofk.
Mr. Foct tallowed against the motion*
flo said thorn Was not the least onnlogy
between /lie present case and tho proceed
ing of >lr. Crawford when Secretmy of
the Trensury. Ho was for n Ccmmhtco
of tlio Whole abd a. speedy decision.
Mr, JonesofGoorgta followed on the
some side. ^
Mr. Duyis of Massachusetts tallowed on
tho sanro side.
Mi Lano of Indiana spoke in tavor of
/lie reconsideration. Ilo was for smiling
lira ninitar. 10 (lie Ciiaimiiiuc of Wavs and
Moans—-and if gentlemen plo.iscd wi th m-
roctions. * '■ :
The question Vns then /.ikon on Mr.
Polks\i motion to reconsider, and decided
titlii mativoly as tallows: Yoas l J t, Nays
102.
So tho Ho'uko docided to reconsider in
former veto on tho ftobjoci of r-taring the
report of dio Setrct iry of the Treasury to
thu Committee'of tho Whole ou tlio State
of tlio Union. , ,
.Mr. Polk then moved to commit /bo ro
port to llio Committau of Ways and
Mean*.
Air. McDuffie moved an nmemlnient to.
append to it the following; “With instruc
tions to tejiort h joint resolution providing
/(tat tho public revenue hereafter Collected
shall bo dep sited in lira Bank of the U.
Slates in compliance with dro public faiib,
pledged by the charier of the said Ba«k.’’ t
Oo tho motion of. Mr. AKDnlTm,
Tho House then adjouroml...
POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT. *
Condensed Jnnn (he Report of Ihe Rot 1
Mauler Oino-id.
When,' in 1329, the functions of this de
partment <JeVi.it i d on the prirat-nt incinn-
hent, Hie annual iiaiispoiirainii of the mnd
amounted to 13,COO,CiiO, miles. Tli re
was a nominal surplus of upwards of $230,
000, but ureal-sat plus of only
31.
The nnima! transportation ol tho nihil was
uiitlro 1st of inly, 1833, twenty-six mill-'
ion* eight hundred and-fifty-four thousand
four hbndrdd ami eighty-live utiles. -
Tho siununl nhibunt of the trinfsportatiotV
of tile, nruil in .stages mid steamboats, .00
the 1st July, 1329, whs six million five
hundred and soven thousand bight huudicd
and nigl-teen miles.
Tho annual mnomu of the transporting
oi the mail in stage* and stennthoa/s, on
tho 1st of July, 1833,- was eighteen million
three Imadimi and twenty-fwo. thousand
five hundred ami soven/y-si* milos.
Tho expense of transportation lira mail
for tiro year ending 30tli Juno,-'35329, was
ono million ono limnlrod and lifty-tliree
thousand six hundred and tarty-six dollars
twenty ono cen(s.
The expense of transporting tiro mail tar
thn year ending 30ih June, 1333. was, ono'
million eight huudrd and ninoly four thou
sand six hundred and ciyliiy-ei£ht dol
lars eight cent*.
Tiro grds’snmomit of postages, cdnstiim
ing the rnvonuos* of thn diVpartmum, Was,
for tho year ending„30ih June, 1829 onu
million seven hundred and sevbtt thousand
fonr hundred and oraIrtoeii dollars foriy-tWo
cents.
Thn gross ainonut of postages for the
year ending 30th June, 1333, wa's two mil
lion six hundred nod sixteen'thousand fivo
hundred and" thitty-cight dultgrs twcn(y-
Soven corns.
Tho incidental etpenso* of the depart
ment tar lira year ending 30th Juno 1829i
amounted toXixly nine thousand two hun
dred and forty nine dollars eight cents.
The incidental cxponSes of the depart'
ment tar the yonr ending 30llr June, 1833,
amounied to oigluy-sovon thousand . seven
hundred andono dollars sixty one cents.
The numonr of post oflicus in the United
Slates on (lio 1st of July, 1829, was eight
tlrtusaml nnd four.
destroy (ho hank at cure? Can it bu pdssi
bio, that such a calamity is desirable? Hav
wc uot seven millions ol stock in tho inrti-
lution; hesidos a b.tlanco of depositos? I-
tin* win,if rev of no cosnequenco compartnl
with the wish to pursno llio bank to dcs
iructiuu? No sir, dt-peml upon it, from . tic
weight ol debt which now r< s(t upon tlrol
community by virtue of (Ira great 0|iern-
tiuus of the mother Bank trad its numerous
branches in every quarter of tho Uuinr,' hw
Its ruin you could no( possibly inflict a
creaiei- misfortune : nud curso upon that
community. J* d*
Air, Speight, of N. C. mov-d tlio previ
ous question, whicli motion tvos lost. Ayus
102—Noes 113.
Mr! Denny urged warm’y the refereuen
10 a Committee «f the Whnle; and (ho « r .
gem necessity tar a rpeedy derision tb <tr.
rest tkescriotts mischiefs 'already ou foot,
ilo spoke of tlio enihsrrnssinenis already
exi.'/lng in the groat- citioe— and declared
On tho 1st of July, 1833, tho number Ol
post officas in the United Stales nas ton
thousand ono hundred mtd twtety seven.
The increase .of the nnnn il transporta
tion of tho. mail within the foor'years on
ding tho 30th.Juno, 1833, is thirteen mill
ion one hundred nnJ fiitgMour * thonsaod
four hundred and eighty five miles, nearly
equal to tho whole amount of transportation
in 1829.
Tho increase of the annual amount of
postages within the poriotl, is nine hundred
and nino thousand one hundred nnd nine
teen dollars and five cents, nnd the whole
amount is more than double of what it was
in 1823.
Tito average expense of transporting the
mail in 1829, was eight cents and four
tenths of a cent per inilo.
Tho a verage expense of transporting tho
mail in 1833, is seven cents and Ally seven
hundredth of a cent per mile; maKing n
difference- in iho rate per mile, of eighty
three hundredths of cent/ equal, for ..the
whole service, two" hundred and twenty
two thousand eight hundred and ninety two
dollars and twenty (wo cents per year
(ess, in proportion to the service perform
ed, than tho expanse of transporla(ion in
1829, besides n great increase in expedi
tion between tlio principal commercial
cities, and a much greater proportion of
tho whole performed in stages,
The department was indebted on tho
first of July. 1833, beyond the ambitht of
available balances due to it, in the sum of
oiio hundred and ninety five thousand two
hundred find eight dullArs forty cents.'
The discovery of the excess of expoit*
diturcs beyond its revenues ot once show
ed the necessity of retrenchment. Thfe
only practicable means of doing this was
lira withdrawal qf sprite of their improve
ments which had been made, and on Such
routes as would bn . least injurious to the
public nnd least prejudicial to lira rovonuos
ol tlio department.
Roductious Itavo been made, to take ef
fect on tho 1st of January next, to the nn
nuol amount of two huhdrod and seventy
fonr thousand two hundred and s'xty three
dollars.
After the- reductions shall take efiec(,
the annaal transportation of the mail will
bo twenty fivo million fivo hundred, and
twenty seven thousand nino hundred ! and
fifty seven miles. . f
The Report of the Secretary of Wirir
has been published at Washingitm. It is
accompanied by Reports, showing (hri
state of tho army as to numbers, pnsilioh
»ud eonditinh, tho prespect nnd progress
■oltlio worhc, storesand iminitions commit,
ted to thojn. • The organisation of the ar
ray is-especially tonitnuuded. 'Ftie body
of olB$erirwlrich it has' formed, arci, equal
jn efficiency‘to that of any 01 lior service;
and tiro facility of extension hy which the
system may bo,expanded to suit the "wants
of tiny condhiob'oflho corintry, incriVnbra-
tibg iraw levies with old, tinder a perfect and
established discipline,' is recommended os
most complete and valuable.
Tho act passed at the last Cor.grtss tar
improving.tho'Cbridiitori hf tho army has
produced excellent effects, improving the
character of lira rec/ui's, a^d dmiiflithing
deselxibn. By thuf net,'the ternv hf service
was reduce.I, tho rate of pay increased,
bounties on enlistment..abolished, and tho
increased pay nml the nnratuil pf homriy
ilependont.on good conduct in service nnd
re-enlistment, A regulation. Iris henn in-
/ro.luchtl into the ttrmy,’ tlisconlinoing all
military,ptru.h s oq tlio sabbath.
Six* hundred dragoons have been enlis
ted, and five of tho "companies ordered t o
Fort Gibson. Tho whole corps will, in
the spring, Ira ordered in pioceed to lira
Indian country between tho western boun
daries of Missouri and Arkansas, ami the
Rocky mountain*, to protect Bra emigra
ting Indians, and over a*vo (he wandering
tribes who are constantly c opimiiting hos
tilities. „ • V" '
Tho results of the Indian policy of lira
Goveinmont form thn uoxt point in the
Secretary’s report and are represented Ip
ho highly utietrat .jpttg. He -ratii iptn •• let
ihtiio ft •‘prosjitTou* and in-niiiracm'dt sti-
.ny" iu .their nmv li.ii.jtation* ht.-ytir.d Ihc
Missiisq-pi. lie'says “ oil Hie n-ports,
which r'-arlted the I.’epftifimqnt tipop' this
subject, concur iu tiro njiicwi».Uuti,;(jiS?
tiro- emigrants already (hero an: cmniurtu-
bio and cun/ouiod. Tha( iho region hs-
sigueJ to ththu is fertile, salubrious, and
as extensive as.thoy and their descendants
lit: nlany generation* can require. Tiiey
are linking, improvement* til.d erecting
dwellings, and .evidently laying tho fouii-
(j-itiri* of a social system, which it is to
bo biped will afford them security and
prosperity. As a striking proof of their
imprivcniunt, and of lira quantity oi pro-
vi*io|s raised noiong thorn it may be sta
ted, that ono of the contracts lor furnish,
tag (irovisions has hta.-n takon hy u Clmc.
taw, (who is s:tid tollivoa supply ot proi
visio(ts af his own, amply sufficient to en.
bin him to muet his. uogagements.”
Tjto Sti\'utides have oxtraiinod tho count
try, rind nro satisfied with it. If tiro Sei
nut'.,ratify tits Treaty with thorn, they
arcJ ready to romovc. *
[Tlm treay with , tho CAlckasaios has ro-
mtjved till didicullies, uud thoy nro ready
tojremove.
jTho Chot taws to tho number of 15,000
Imre removed. A party of them from
1500 to 3000 in number refused- to oc
company tho others, and are hanging it.
train the white scsttlomonts. Tlio S01
crAtary says of thorn, that, “ As tho Go
vernment lias scrupulously, fulfilled its en
gagements with these people, wlitcn rare
initiated with this year, atid. as. every ex
ertion has boon made by .tlio- proper n*
gents to induce them to remove, ,nothing
remains bol to Wvo (hoot to (ho results
of their own experionep. It- cannot be
long before (hoy wili.sno fits necessity of
rejoining tho groat body of the tube.’’
ThB Crcel-s in Alabama luvo been scr
otal times invited to removo beyond the.
Mississippi river wiiliout bfi'oct; trio third
apj>lication has not yet been answered.
The Sacs and Foxes uud Winiiebagoes
haoft removed, and treaties have been for
med with the Pottawatomie*, C’lii/qiowH*,
and Ottawa*, claiming tho district on the
west side of Lake Michigan, south of Green
Bay n«d north of Cmcago, for it* session to
tlio United States, and with the Pottawoi-
amies of the peninsula of Michigan for the
relinqoishmont of their reservation south
of'Grand River.
. With 1 lie exception therefore of nboul
fivo thousand' Indians vd individua/s nud
parts or tribes, scattered throughput Ohio,
Indiana, and ibe. Peninsula of Michigan,
the whole United States east of the Mis
sissippi anr/ nocili of the Ohio, have been
cleared of the Indian population.
The Cheroleecs, occupying portions of
laitd in Georgia, Alabama, North Caroti-
nn, mid Tennessee, arid probably not ex
ceeding ffpvori thousand persons,, are the
only Indiittis south of tho Ohio aod east
of the Mississipi, with whom an 'arrange:
ment had riot been made, either for era-
grafion, or for a change of political rela
tions. About 500 of. these will remove
during tho season. ...... .
The Commissioners west of tho Missis
sippi are engnged in prosocming thoir ar
duous duties, including tho sett lenient of
briniffihries..between tho tribes, and,,making
tromSes. - Among thoir duties the Secre
tary odds:— _
“One of the most interesting iff a practi
cal plan for regulating the intercourse of
the various tribes, indigenous and emigrant;
with ,one another, ami with the United
States, arid for the establishment of some
general principles, by which thoir own
internal government can bo safely ad-
afiministered by themselves, and a general
soperintehdin) authority, exercised by the
United States so far as tnriy bo necessary
to restrain hostilities, among them and
incursions, into ous borders.—Until such
a system is adopted, it is evident that the
condition of these Indians cannot ho se
cure, trojf will tho obligation imposed up
on tho Governoenl bo fiihfilled. The
task, requires an iniintnto knowledge of
tho local circumsiancos of the tribes of
that region and of tho country ihey in
habit and a practical acquaintance' with
Indian habits, feelings and trie mode of
life. I. trust the Commissioiihrs- will, bo
able to report a plan which will Fulfil the
expectation or those .who- havo observed
with solicitude trie control of this matter,
nnd which will eventually secure the
prosperity of the radians.” .
He recotatataufo (ho extension of the
Commission fill tlio c/oso of tlio next-year,
The report closes with some unimport
ant details of lira amount of business done
under the last /tansion Law.
The Secretary recommends nn increased
Compensation to thn Medical corps ol iho
army, nnd a graduation of rank: A Board
bf Surgeons hits been organized for, the pur
pofto ot Submitting candidates to rigid ex
nmination.
Tho Act organising tho subsistence de
partment is a tpmpoary ono, expiring in
March next. The plan was an experiment
which tho secretory considers to havo suc
ceeded «n well as to require its establish
ment by law ns a permanent system, flu
says; “it guards thn public interest,” as.for
ns ppaclicnblo tinder such a wide extent ot
business. In fifteen years, and with an ex
penditure exceeding Jim and a half it ill-
t'oto of dollars, tlio Toss has been less than
$ 1 > 000, Ho suggests ,in increase of
compensation of tho clerks in that office,
to ai t qtml : fy with that of other clorks.
Id commending tho report of the visitors
of the Military Academy at West I'oiut,
Secretary Cass took occasion to, pay a
meri:od compliment to the reputation of
Mr. I Leslie, newly npppjiltod teacher of
Drawing there, and to recommurid that
/hat Oinpl.oy.nioui bo placed in the same
class it the Academy will: the other pro-
fessofship*.
lie ropoats his recoraraanda/ron, that if
no change *i»t (ho prevailing system or
practico with regard to brevet rank bu
contemplated, (lie brevet officers bo fully.
coftiraiy>ioncd.
The osiahlishraent of a F'lffl far (itesap:
pini of invalid officers, and tho widows
and children, of such as die in i^o service,
i* next nrged wiih oarnextirass. Tlio plan
ptopose-l i* a rnofiorate and sin/oil r-dor-
fton from the pav oj pach olficer, aecorfl-
ittg to 5<30,10 dqlined proportion; tha fiuut
1 f ti-.ire •<• ■ I' hv s'lc’t pars'r * ■ n l i7t
^roh iv iv, a* t'idvt V: :r* may select; gov-*'
j Ip/ .utbt-lnj t'to 1* * log t/ orgari-
i I,, : ,iv> ndJs'd " rncomni—,id..ttoi for a
imtitaf provision by • Grivororaent adtlior*-
itv, for-sitperanuated'' soIJiors, 011 t:iu pn.i-
r.iplffs 'adoptee iu’/!i<; N ivy, hv sm/«d de
ductions front ihe<* regular poy, to form tho-
neci’s.tary fund. To those means Ira pro -
po'H* to add the fines assessed hv Courts
martini, the pay duu to soliln-rs who die,
without Iinits to' claim it, nn-1 a proportion
of lira post funds, derivod froat tliejax 0.1
sellers,
» , :
From the Nm York Unity Advertiser.
Alajor Downing’s account <of tho impor-
tam dilierence between noninion “Spec9,”
.Wtd magical gliissos; showing by plain mat
ters of fact, how much more difficult 4t is
to see through lira latter than il is llio for
mer,
Wnsm.voro.Ni, 39ih, Nov, 1S33.
To my old friend Mr; Dwight of tiro
Nuw Yoik Daily Adyerlisor who prints
none ht’i my rnio gonwino..letters—
Thu last letter I writ to you toll’d you
about iho.jiopt tvo had after tiro Giuoial’s
specks, anil, wliou wo found om they was
all stomp'd to hits. hi-.hU boot. Tho Gin-
oral and all on us have been in troublc over
since about it, for. lltoy were given to him
hy A1r. Van Boren, the very day Air. Van
Burou came to jiuq him at Washington as
^eeretnry, of State; ami ho. toll'd .tho . Gin-
oi i, nriyoirita lot,no body bundle them nro
specks oat himself, and that vy.hon Uiqy got
out ol ord.ir, uevef to let no. body luoud
era but himself. And do you know so par
ticular was iho .Gineral; that wlieu Mr.
Van Burou.was absent, I.bqvo known (liin
to seiiil lhqm specks cloan to England for
Mr. Vim Burep to lix cm fur him, for they
had a dozen littlo screws and springs to ora,
that sometimes would git out of order, ami
when tlmt was the cash., you cuuW’nt see
no more threw era :titnf!you could threw
Mr. Van Buren himself. As so<m then ns
we found cm all'broke to bits, as I tell’il
you iu my last letter, tho Giuerul was in
tho greatest trouble I ever see; and ho-
wroto right off to Air. Vutt Buren about it,,
mid soot the letter by express clear 10 Al-
bsuv, whole Mr. Van Buren was; nud un-'
ul that express got back agiu tho. Ginoral
could do nothing with .business, He was
as bad off in nn owl in the sunshine. So
to ifights the express got back, and brought
a letter from Mr. Van Boren, aud a new
pair of specs—just like the old oiies (aforo
.they were brOkenj—there waul a mite of
difieremie. ....
He pot em on, aud ho looked as natural
agin iii ein as ever. “Aha/” says he, “Ma
jor, those are tlio specks after nil.” “’Ti»
strange,’’ says Iro, “I can’t see thrags with
Gbv.Uasj’s specs, nor Gov, IVoodberry’s
nor any body’s, iis well as I can with these;
for they are just like .lira pair 1 broke;” -*',
and then ho read Mr. Van Bureu’s lottor-
“See here now, Al* j or,” says tho Giuecal,
“how kill'd it is in Air. Van Burou to cau.-
lion me, agin and agm, cot to toucli tho
screws; and do you know,” says tho Gin-
er.al, “thht ever silica ( have had Mr, Van
Buren with me, that whenever wo come to
read over'any dong fUHtomam ahbiU politics,,
nud who to appint, or whaf.to dti with thn
Bunk, or uiiy thiag th. t required shqrp-
jookiu inib,--he would.'always first exam
ine my specks, and take thenkolf to tlio
window, or to a corner with n light, uud
seo that all was right, aud try cm himself,
and then bring em back to me, for os he .
says, (and he is a known erttur) that unless
l can see well into ev’ry thing, 1 best soo-
nothin.” - < -
A kinder notion then jolt began tojjit ia
my bond that I corifd’nt scractli out all I
could do. Arid sa.vjB.1, “Giiieral,./,would
like now ppskily to examine.them specs,
for if Mr. Vhn Buren has not got a patent
lor em, (nml seem he is Vice President and'
don’t nued'oncj I think of gittiu ono my
self," .“.Well,”- says the Gineral, “ I
never like to refuse you nothin; hut Air.
Van Buren made nro promise never to'let
no body, examine iuio. em; rind especially
you: for,” says Ho Major do you know
ihni Mr. Van Buren hns a notioq you know
a good 1 deal about conirivance3, and that it
is tho natur of your people Down East; and
it .bright hb lio intends to git a patent him
self for these very'spoes, and if so, lie ought
to Imve it;-for Ira says they are jistasmucli
his inocntiuK as yonr letters nro .vourn.”—
“Well” says /, “Us no m-utor.” But /
got a kink in me to examine' them are specs;
and -I coold’nt sloop, nor oat, nor drink, till
1 got holdpn cm. 3»'one night, when I
aod tiro Gineral had been reiidin over 1 the-
Message, and it. was all; finish’d and com-
ploto, lio pnt his namo to it; “and now,-’*
says he, ‘•AIiijor, do yon attend to tlio prin*
tin m.’t, and git about 100 copies pn’t to
send to our folks who are distant, so. they
can git it as soon, urid ujitl.le afore the op-
posiuon tat-ks c.fn sond ii express, (after it
‘it delivr’d to Oongresi)—‘-ati'd so ho went
tobori, for bo tv as uriy most beat our. Now
thinks I, for a try at iliem specs! for I was
all thu wlrilu thiukln on em, au<| tho public
work could’iit go on without ora, And so .
i suook’d out out, and clap’d thorn on—tho
Gineral all tho while snorin like a north
wester. Aft soon :ts I took up tho Aless.-tge,
and look’d at it, I could',U ' n0a(1
tad On t it. It so; ul a < 0 n>o jistfor all tlfo
'-''Or.u, like a one of them show boxes, all
the tatters and figers was goin round and
round, and look’d .all tho while like some of
litem crouds wo *00 last summer on tho
grand tower, throwhi ujj.. Ita.ts, and erving
huzza for tlio Gineral, and -Major Downing,
and Air. Van Burqii: am! t.lran, U gln, iherq.
was a groat, glure, and it seem’d jist as if thq ’
Ginoral tvas in lira mid-J.lri. ou’r, pad ;Mr.
Van Btit.oit, au<r Major B.ury, aiid ' Amiis '
Kindlo, and a run njo'ro lof our folks, all
seoqj’d to be sianitin round, fireing oil'rac
kets; they would squirt up over the Ginor-.
al, uud burst, nn<I then shower down ’stars
(jist ns folks toll on tqtiier uiglu wlmn tho
stars all did git u caperiu.)-.and jist as they
would como nigh lira Giuerai, these stats
would gU together and bury Hgin;—and tliuu
you Ctrafo see nothiu hut.“gloiy’' aud not a
mito of the Gineral. ■ re
\Voll,'think* I, If tlio'Giiieral can rend
tiro .Message with these specks; U’s ino.e
than l c;iq. But I stuck to il. ’I kunt '
turtwatwnr the leaves, tiU I'go trot im
' re tsury accomiis an t tiro Bank h,irni-s<,
rad lira dotrasits, and ttii/rersof such intur
1 had reudrillilmV'evc,- tfftw hetaw’'