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LEGAL DECISIONS.
We think it a duty to lay Indore the public
silt'll decisions of the Supreme Court as may
prove of general utility ! Wc herewith insert
F'lmc decisions which will repay the attention'
of merchants.
As to inti.rest and Commiasion*.—\\ has
been Decided “ Where interest ami currents-'
sions arc charged in a balance neeount attach
ed as erroneous! proof of un agreement must
be produced, or tlte charges will be rejected.”
By reference to the last volume of Louisiana
Deports, the case will be found, pngcUl.—
Judge Porter in this case rejected -the charge
*• of interest at per cent., and a charge for
commissions in advancing cash,” on the
gruund -that suelt charges can only be allowed
when un agreement between tbc parties is
•proven.
BUI of hading.—Tile bill of lading is on 1
Jy prima facie cvidcnfce that the goods and
-mtiolnmdi/.c mentioned in it were shipped in
good order.
Endorser of it Bill of Exchange..—A prom
ise by tlte endorser to pav a bill of Exchange,
after he was verbally uoliticd of the drawee’s
refusal to pay it, ts a waver of his right to pro
test, and notice in the usual form.
We particularly call the attention of com
mission Merchants to the following decision
recently made.
“ A commissiot merchant who undertakes
to fill an Older with Cotton which he has to
sell, assumes inconsistent duties."—1’. 107’. 6
vol. La. Deports. The circumstances of this
case deserve to be narrated. Persons scut dl
rectious to a commission Merchant ol this city
to purchase Cotton, and to ship it to Liverpool
and it a loss occurred, they bound themselves
to refund the Merchant. Thu Mcrchunl in
pursuance of his directions, employed a lme
aer, who went through the stock of Cotton
possessed by the Merchant, and out of this
«nck filled up the Order of the correspondents
The Cotton wus shipped to Liverpool, nnd a
hiss of three thousand • iglit hundred and nine
dollars eighty-five ceuts oeeured. The
merchant sued Ill's correspondents fur this a-
niuunt. Among the other grounds of defence
the defendants ullcdged—” that the plaintill’
could not act in tlte double capacity of seller
and .purchaser of the Cotton, though acting ns
consigned.” The decision as given by
Judge Martin, speaks thus—“The commission
merchant who undertakes to fill un order with
Cotton, which ho has to sell, .assumes incon
sistent duties. lie has engaged to the planter
to aflord hint (he benefit of his skill, experi
ence and industry, iu choosing-u proper mer
chant to suit, in selecting the safest vendee,
and obtaining she highest price, fur all this
he expects a pecuniary compensation, lie
next 1ms a similar inward from another per
son, engages to the latter tliut he shut! iiuve
the benefit of the sutua skill, experience uud
industry, to defeat the expectations of the plan
ter, tlmi is to say, to dispose of the Cotton
when the price n. at the lowest ebb, and for 1
the very lowest price iu the market. It is
impossible that a commission rVlciehuut wild
1ms bound himself uuder such incompatible
obligations cun do justice to either of tlte per
sons by whom lie is employed. If he luku
the middle couisc nml dispose of the Cotton
ill the medium price ol tlte market, he violates
his engagements to both; for, un tlto one side
ho lias to obiuin the highest, and ou the oilier
to pay the lowest price, uud he packets u dou
ble rewurd tv line nt has performed neither
of his obligations. JLo'i'ICL.
Now is the time to remove to Alabama.——
Ths riuxt*yc:ff. provisions will 'Kg abundant
nnd cheap. Tire growing ernpis promising
beyondjsll former example. The.heart of tin'
Agriculturist is made to rejoice dt tire abun
dant prospect which is presented to Ids vision
iirhts lien ahd Veil "cuTUvutedncldK
Law Decision.—A case of some impor
tance to shippers and o>vnurs of Steam Boats,
was lately decided in one of the county courts
of Alabama on the I81I1 inst. The partic
ulars us developed arc given in the following
extract of a letter published its the' Mobile
Commercial of the 22d:
"The suits instituted in Autauga county
against the owners of the steamboat Mobile,
for Cotton burned upon her in March 1831,
lmvc just been decided in favor of the Plain
tiffs. The defeudants proved the boat to be
safe, new and well found *, and tlmtevcrycare
and diligence had been used, und offered to
prove that the accident wus entirely beyond
their control und was considered tin excusable
peril within the' meaning ol the exceptions
contained in the bill of ladiug. But the Court
rejected all such testimony, unless it went to
show, that the Joss was occasioned by the “act
of God ot tlte King’s cnuniics,” and instruc
ted the jury most positively unless there was
cvidcnco to-show the fire was the “ act of
God" they must find n verdict lor the Plain
tiffs which they accordingly did. The pros
ecution and delettco were both conducted with
great ability.. The law niguincul of. Henry
Uoldthwaitc, Esq, in fuvor of the admission
of tlie evidence offered, was a most masterly
and powerful effort, but ull to no purpose.—
Tlte amount of the judgments rendered is
between five and six thousand dollars.”
MIL UOlii.D a LAW SCHOOL.
We ltuve iuteinleU to notice lor sumo time
past, tlte “ Luw fichool” in Augusta, under
the direction id Mtt Gould. We ltuve ugur-
ded the successesinis institution with no mile
anxiety, and are grulified in learning, iluit.it
is, in ull probability, permanently establish
ed. The nausea of studeuts tuts increased,
uud from tlte -Li.uy, industry,.uud oili-mum
of tlte worthy Lecturer, we muicipuiu, Iroixi
his luliiirs, great benefit to tho Siule. tits lec
tures explain w ant is abstruse, und impress
deeply upon (he mind of the student, princi
ples, which might otherwise escape hts alien-
. tiun. Many u?our young meu go to other
Slates for tho purpose of attending Lectures.
A great part ot these Lectures is'devoted to
the study and explunmiou of the Mutates Of
the State, iu widen the Lecturer lives, «ud
coiisetjucutly, to otto who docs not intend to
live in the State, they are not very profitable
or. important. Mr. Uould explains our own
Mutates, shows the innovations tliut we linve
made upon Hie eunmum luw, und illustrates
by, the ptbciicc and decisions of our Courts,
many interesting points. Wc trust, that tlte
attention of our young meu will bb directed
to tills institution, and that hereafter wo need
nut go from home iu quest ot a legal education,
that cud be more easily obtained, und inure
gvefully applied, in our own State..
Washington News.
Tiie IIermitauk Burnt.—The Nashville
Republican of the Mill instunt, contains the
following intelligence;
•• Yesterday evening about 4 o’clock, the
roof of the Hermitage wus discovered to be
ou fire, and all attempts to arrest the progress
of the flumes proving unavailing, the entire
edifice with the exception of tho roam at the
northern end, and us d us a dining mom, was
in n few hours consumed. - Tho valuable fur
niture in the lower story was fortunately saved,
though much brukcii nnd otherwise injured in
getting it ont. That in the second story was.
we understand chicily destroyed; The fin v
supposed to iiuve Cecil communicated to tjtf
root by tlte fulling of n spark from one of-Ui-
chimnics; and (hero being at lliu time a ligiv
breeze from the North West, tho progicss of
the (lames was proportionably rapid. The
numerous and valuauio private papers of tin
President were probably till preserved.'"
Fiotn tlio Flsg ot Union.
Extensive Sales or 1'uulu, Lauds.
By proclamation ol the i’lOsideut ot me United
fSiutes, dated July Bill, 1834, alt tho Public
Lunds in the Snitesof AJnbuma uud Mississippi
which lith e been survey ed and reported m tho
-Gcneial Luntl office, will bo ollcred lor sale
in tin Mouths of November ami December
next. The £«le# in Alabmna will lake place
nt the following times and places to w it:
At Mardisvule, die- seal ol the LuuU Olltce
for the Coosa DistriixL ou the first Monday iu
November next.
At the-same place, iu jponiinuation, com
meneing-on tlte third Morniaj' IU November
next.
At Montgomery, the seat of the r.and ofhee
for. the Tallapoosa District, on the firs’ 1 Mon
day in December next. ’ ,
At the suuie .pluee iu continuation, con.’-
wuiicing ou the mini Monday m December
next.
At St. Mtjihcnt, on the .first Moudny iu
December next.
At i>ttM)po(u,oulhe third Monday iu De
cember next.
At UusatfooM, un the first Monday -in De
cember next.
At Huntsville, ou the second Monuny uiDu-
ceoibei next.
At Lot,„ula, on the fitsl Mammy in De
.cetuber next.
AuejijKotuiiity is now uttered to every man
■whelhur he be in moUeralu circuiusluuecs Or
•wxai'uiy, to pioeuic valuable Lauds. To
those' v no reside iu tlie older piuuliug Slates
uiio wfrouesjte to implore men comlmon, we
say, come, examine tiie iunusnow oUereu tor
tale, purchase ami you wilt never regret it.—
No slate so tjic Mount or Mouth West hoots
out greater inducements to tlie enterprising
euogioiii tnuu Alabama, Tut sou isitrtue-
tltu climate is deotraUc—the coujtty is ueat-
tliy—society is guoo us can be muuu in any
.of the mates—piosj-eruus villages spiiiigtug
Snui existence every _where—n seg jctt IMis
bile) growing rapidly iiilo eoinulOtefUl uiijNir-
tauee; uavigabie streams running iliiriuglr ev
ery portion ol tho Mlule—academics and
schools are to be fouuu in utmost evuy itvigu-
borhood, aud to crown the whole, we hurc'a
nourishing University where the most liberal
Education may be obtained at a cheap rate.
LAND SALT..?.
• .The following letter of Mr.'Hcfifeftiry"Wood
bury, is ini|Kirlnr>f, a’s it iuTorms those who
wish to become jHircliriM-r- nt tlie intended
Land Sales, where they r tnnsi go to obtain
such money ns wiil'bc tflerc received.
Treasury Department, (Uh October, 1834.
Sir t In reply to your letter of the 10th
ult. addressed to’ tile Commissioner of the
General Land Office, inquiring whether mon
ey of the Planters’ Bank of Georgia would
be receivable for lands at the sales at Colum
bus, Mississippi; I have the honor herewith
to transmit to you a list of those Banks, notes
of which not less than fifty dollars will be re
ceived for payment of Lands at those sales,
agreeably to mi nrrpngcmcnt made sometime
since with the Planter’s Bank of Mississippi.
I am very resiicctfully, your obedient ser
vant. LEVI WOODBURY,
See. of tho Treasury.
Hon. A. S. Clayton, Athens, Georgia.
List of Bank notes of whicli not less than
850, will be received us cash when deposi
ted to credit Treasurer, U. S. in tlte Planters’
Bank of Mississippi, Natchez.
Bank of tlie Metropolis at Washington.
Union Bank ofMuryland, Baltimore.
Bank of Amcrico, i
Manhattan Company, \ in New York.
Mechanics’ Bank, )
Commonwealth Bank, ) „
Merchants’Bank, ' \ Boston.
Bunk of Virginia, und Branchos.
than two centuries, ago, were tlte object of the
long and fruitless search of the expedition un
der. £crdinuiul de B«tu» Eitlier through ■ su
perstition or jealousy, for ages these springs
were effectually concealed from white men,
iiqd until.tbeir recent discovery, tiie only
knowledge of thcm.that existed, was derived
front tiie fabulous and romantic legends cur
rent among the Spaniards in the sixteenth
century.—Floridian.
nt these Fountains’ of Youth, r ,sto they were
railed iirthe figurative language of the na-
These are the fountains, which pi° rc
-V
P«I,iWcAL. j J
From the Philadelphia Examiner. i
Difference between a State GOVERN
MENT ANp THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT.—
na the question of State Rights is now begin
ning to attract the attention' of tlie" people of
Pennsylvania, and as many persons hayp,not
much time to devote to ( abstract subjects con
nected with the science of government, the
following remarks arc offered-ibii their peru
sal.
pomibilfy, who has declared hiinsdf ac-^
coimtable for the misconduct of'the ex^utivfc
officers, should- be tdi'swed to escape impeach
ment, when he continues in one of the most
importsoL.dnparimauu cd -tbe^faxuanwat, mitt, ■ - — - ■ -
Hale and quarter eagle balances—
We have received from Mr.Ellintthe stock
broker of lliiscity, (who is the-agent,) one of
Mr. Moore’s balances “ warranted so correct,
that no counterfeit of sufficient weight to turn
tlte balance, can |>ossibly • go through the
gunge." It is u neat little affair, and we have
no doubt fully auswersthe purpose. Its prico
is one dollar "fifty cents. Wo need not urge
upon tile citizens of tlte Union the necessity,
of procuring one of these balances. In this
"golden ago," which has been so long prom
ised, and has (if vve could but believe the
Globe, &c,) nt last arrived ;—when hard
times liave given place to hard money times;—
and when we may shortly expect to see our
children in tlio street, playing at pitch with
Benton yellow jackets, as the urchins of El
Dorado did at quoits will; diamonds—in such
an ago, in sttclt times, it surely behooves every
one to be possessed of a test which will eha-
blc him to ascertain a true from a counterfeit
Benton. For rely, on if, the sons of Mammon,
(instigated of course by Nicholas Biddle,)
will soon be busy in the production of (jte 1R-
tor; but which being “ weighed in the bal
ance” will be found wanting;" and the citizens
of America will prqvo to their cost, in this: ns
iu sonic other matters, that “ all is not gSld
that glitters.” U, S. Ttlegraph,
On Sunday moling Inst, abotitO o’clock ilio
2d Prcsbyteriun Church in this place,,the
bnsnmrnt story of which is of brick, and 'the
tipper of wood work, suddenly pnrted at the
summit of the walls, and the rafters, joints,
guerdon, &c. fell with a tremendous crash,
strewing tho interior with fragments of. the
ruins. The frame and roof are still standing,
but in a very dilapidated .condition. What
adds to tiie rarity of an accident of this char-
actor to a framed building; is the fact that it
had been very recently erected. It had giv
en im indication,of its frailty, and this catas
trophe was consequently entirely unexpected.
Divine service, indeed, had been held ih the
church ou tho p/cfvious hvening, and the Sub
bath on which it fell had been appointed'for
u sacramental occasion. The weather was
exceedingly inclement, which might have
prevented tho assemblage of a large congrega
tion, even had service been held on that'dav.
But imagination shudders at the inevitable
loes of fife and limb which would have been
the consequence of this unfortunate event, had
it occurred whilst a congregation was worship
ping within tlie walls of tho church. Provi
dentially no person was injured, though we
understand that the sexton, a colored man,
made a narrow escape, ha> ing left tlio house,
which he lint) been putting in order for the
day, but a few moments before the occurrence
of the accident. Lynchburg Fir.
Melancholy Accident.-It again de,
volves upon us to record another of those
tneluochuly steamboat accidents which but
too often occur. Thru there lies neglect on
the part of some, there cun bo no doubt. A
few weeks ago wc had the loss of the steam
boat Friend to mention—having heon run in
to by tlie Tom Jeflcrson', and which many at
tributed to neglect—and agniu in n few days
uftor.-tho loss of tlio Tom Jctlcrson, $lie hav
ing been snagged—Dues tills not speuk vol
umes 1 Thu steamboat Missouri Belle, which
left our port yesterdny, bound to St Looisj
was run into by the Boonslick, which arrived
here this.--Mowing: The"fdllottin'g hfe tlie
particulars, as falferi (Yfrni their log book.
” Friday 24th, at it P. M. 15 miles above
Now Orleans, the Steamboat Missouri Belie
enme in cnutact with us—her starboard, bow
taking our larbourd—Iter hull was stove in,
aud the Missouri Bello went down licad fore
most. Tltoyuwl of tho M. B. was cast oil;
and picked up several persons from tlio water.
Wo rounded m when wegot to tlio Missouri
Bella, ut Which time not more than 40 feet of
the after part of her hurricane deck remained
above water. Wc passed a line aboard tlio
wreck, which being made fast to a’ st,lunch
eon, several persons climbed along it nnd got
on board. In tlio mean tinio tlie yawl took
uil'a number more from the lower deck. It is
thonglit thul a number of persons perished—
how many, wc are unable to say.—Boat uud
cargo totally lost."
Since the above was in typo, a letter has
been received from n passenger on Imurd the
Missouri Belle, now up tho coast, who states
that the number of |iersons on board tho boat
was ukiiul 120, and it is supposed at least 30
pf them were drowned, flow many cabin
paxwugcrs were lost is unknown—but rc|>ort
savs »"ot more titan one. Two women nnd 3
cliihireD are among tho number lost. •>
N. O. Courier,
A NEW RNUiNE <JF WAR.
A new instrument or machine lias been in
vented by Mr. To/dis of the Museum of Na
tional Manufactures in Leicester square, which
he considers calculated to put un eniLtowars,
and to prevent civilized nations tom enga
ging hereafter in the work of mutual destruc
tion. Mr. Toplis has constructed an engine,
which, nccording to his views, will render
armed multitudes powerless oguinst any peo
ple disposed to defeud themselves; a score of
men with auxiliary power, Otitig competent
to annihilate the largest army which could be
collected. The engine is portable, and, with
out, its casing, might be carried by two men;
mounted on its proper carriage, it can be
moved with celerity into any situation whore
iiorses or men cun go; it is ready for action
in n moment, and can be made at wifi, to
tour out for any desired tituo a continuous
-arenm of bullets, which can be directed to
wards any point or object, with the same fa
cility as tlio stream of wutcr from aifire-en-
ginc, and with perfect precision; whilst the
men who direct it arc sheltered in entire se
curity. Mr. Toplis looks forward with so
mnefi confidence to the moral influence which
this new and mighty power must cxcrciso up-
on the world, that he denominates his engine
tlio Pacificator.
E,\cry. citizen ought to be acquainted with
‘the diilerence in structure ‘between’, a State
Arkansas, Sept. 19—Indian Council,—
The Choctaw, Sliawno-t, Cherokee, Crock,
Delaware, Osage, and l'uwnce tribes, we are
informed, met in Grand Council, at FortGib-
son, on tiro 1st instant. I’h'e' latter tribe,
whichhfid kept up a continual warfare with
all the'other tribes mentioned, made a treaty
of peace with them, interchanged pledges of
friendship, and invited them to visit their
country.
Tue Sl’W.lnnkk River.—A letter from an
itvelUgent geuticman slates, that a safe and
cnnveaieut harbour has'been discovered at tlte
mooUHrt Uti* river, admitting vessels of twelve
or fourteen feet draught. Tho harbour is rep
resented us haviug un easy entrance, aud
coimnmftcalvs with tlio river through the
Eastern channel, which is of sufficient depth
for stcuut-boats vf auy burthen.—Should this
ittformalion provo true, ot whicli there is little
doubt.it will be -of incalculable benefit to
that diBtrict-of country, containing as it dues,
uu immense quantity -of fertile lauds admira
bly adopted to the culture of cottouuud sugar.
The Medical Springs on this river are begin
ning to attract-public attention. The cures
Which have been eflectcd by tiie usqpf jbe$b
waters in cases of general debility, rueuma-
tism and other'chronic.diseases, would stag
ger the belief of any but eyo witnesses.—
These Springs should bo more generally'
kuowu, and a physician by giving a state
ment of their beneficial eflbcU us far as experi
ence vvurruuts, would -cuufer u favor ou iimu-
sHitds, who are lingering uu in hopeless de-
iiii.pituue, and wJui might be restored to - tlte
blessings of health by a few weeks residence
Fattening Swine.—If your object is to
fatten your lings cheuply, you’ll allow them
sufficient time for the process, aud make them
thoroughly fat before you kill them. It is
best to begin to futten them the latter part of
August, or commencement of September, so
tliatthcy may be fit for the butcher Wore the
weather becomes so very cold, as i{ is Hardly
possible to make them thrive in cold weath
er.
A farmer stating the result of some experi
ments in Bath society papers, vol. VI. page
283, observes, ' 1 invariably found that the
quantities of food consumed (by fattening
hogs) increased overy week till tho animal
became three parts fat; after this period they
cat but little, and almost all they cat turns to
fat. It is, therefore good policy to make them
completely fat, mid that ouly can bo done liv
allovviilg them time.’
It is said hogs thrive host when there are
but three or four iu tho same apartment of
a pen. They arc fond of society, though no
belter than a 'swinish multitude, when con
gregated in large assemblies, as they know no
laws but their own wills, and acknowledge no
right but of rite strongest; they sometimes
condemn a weaker brother without a judge or
jurv and proceed to execute him without mer
cy. When, therefore, it is wishe'd to falteii a
considerable number, they should liave sev
eral apartments, seperated by panitious, and
there may be a general feeding though, to
which each division of animals may have se
puruie access. f
'There is no greater mistake than that of
Government and the Federal Government,
inasmuch as, without such acquaintance, he
cannot iKissibly understand what is meant by
the term State Rights. The former, that is,
a Stale Government, is a government in which
all legislative powers are vested except
sneb |as are specially prohibited to it by the
constitution. Tho difference between the
two coses, is precisely the same as that be
tween two agents acting under powers of at
torney, the one having full power to do every
thing that his principal could do if present,
except certain matters therein enumerated, and
thd other having only a special power, to do
tin specific' things expressed in the instrument,
n'/d nothing more.
/Thus, by the constitution of Pennsylvania,
tie Legislature at Harrisburg may pass any
Uw it may deem to bo for the good of the
State, except laws infringing upon those
rights which the people did not think proper
when they formed the Constitution, to give
up, such as the right to trial by jury, imfree-
dom of speech or of tho press to be exempt
from unreasonable searches and seizures,
from the quartering of - troops upon them in
time of peace, without their'consent, and tlie
various other matters expressed in the bill of
rights. But the Congress at Washington has
no power to pass any laws, but those which
are expressly authorized by the Constitution.
That instrument implicitly declares: “ That
tlie |Hiwers not delegated to the U- States by
the Constitution, nor prohibited, by it to the
States, are reserved to the States respectively
or to the people." These powers, whatever
they may be, which have not been delegated
and which have thus been reserved to the res
pective Slates, are what are called State
Rights, and they correspond to those rights
under a State Constitution which the .people
have reserved to themselves.
Now, if thi government of a State has no
right to encroach upon the reserved rights of
the people of thn. State; so neither has the
Federal Government a right to encroach upon
tho reserved rights of the Suites. Upon this
"point there can be no diilerence of opinion a-
mongst thosu who believe the Government
administered at Washington to be a Federal
Government; that is, a government formed by
the people of .the State in their sepertie State
capacities, and not a consolidated government
limned by the people of the whole .twenty-
four States as one aggregate mass. But al
though there be no difference of opinion as to
tlie existence of State Rights, and to their
constitutional claim to exemption from all en
croachments on.the part of the.Federal Go
vernment, yet there is a wide diversity of sen
timent as to the proper remedy for encroach
ment.
One of the parties into which the countiy
is divided, maintains'that the Supreme Court
of the United States is tlie proper tribunal
.or determining'the'Constitutionality of laws.
■ The other party holds, that the Supreme
Court being one brunch of the Federal Gov
ernment, cannot be im impartial tribunal, and
that there is noguurdian of State Rights but
the States themselves.
Tho latter party in support of their doctrine
says;—that the Supreme Court can be made
by a corrupt Congress and Executive, ns cct-
ruptus iliciimcivt S, t»y simply increasing the
number of tho Judges, which they cun do
constitutionally, by tlie appointment of a ma
jority, of their own iK>litical views, and they
also say, that there are political questions in
volving the dearest rights of the States and
the people, which cannot be made to assume
a judicial form, so as to be brought belbrcthe
Supreme Court for adjudication, as tho read
er may learn from Mr. Madison’s report on
the Virgiuia Resolutions of-1799.
The doctrine which i9 cal ed in that report
“ State interposition,” which maintains the
right ofastate to interpose to arrest the operation
of an unconstitutional act of tho Federal Go
vernment, is the old republican doctrine, and
ulthough there is a difference of opinion as to
the mode in which State interposition should
bo applied, or us to the occasion on which it
ought to be. exercised, yet there is amongst
the friends of State Rights, no doubt of its le
gitimacy, in some shape or other, in some
conceivable cases.
What those cases are, it is foreign to our
purpose to designate, nor shall we point out
tlte modus operandi. Every State is the best
a c of the mode and measure of redress, an 1
i it the question should be left.
Thomas Jefferson says in the Kentucky
Resolutions of 1799 “ that the several States
which formed this instrument (the Constitu
tion) being sovereign and independent, have
the unqcstmnable right to judge of its infrac
tion ; and that a nullification by those sover
eignties of all unauthorised acts done underco
lor of that instrument is the rightful remedy."
The above , is pronounced by tlte whole
Jackson party from the; hero himself down to
the " young grand Luma”’and him of the
Press to be a palpable absurdity “ dangerous
heresy, disunion, rebellion, treason 11” Yet
they .lmvc the presumption to call themselves'
.IreOiiienninn rnimhlirnns ! ! ! Shame whefG
under his immediate eye, a notorious and o-
pen defaulter. The complaints of the ruin
ous state of jim post-offices and mail convey
ances are univet^sj, .and the business of'tiie
whole Union is absolutely suffering derange
ment from the carelessness or dishonesty of
the Post-Master-General. It is insinuated
that Major Barry “ drinks !"—that he takes
his grog after dinner—and that to this cause,
and not to his wantof moral principle; we are
attribute his delinquencies 1.. If mpy be so,
but does it mend tlie matter, to tell us thaL
Mr. Barry makes a beast of himself, and that
in consequence the public money and public
business is, like the Post-Master-General, on
the road to ruin !—It is positively monstrous
—outrageous; but where is the benefit of.
talking. The jfeople growl, newspapers are -
indignant, while Gen. Jackson, folding hts
arms, exclaims—" I take' the responsibility 1"
and Major Barry and. his jovial contractors
congratulating themselves upon tbe.,amiable
gullibility of the sovereign people, sing— -
“Beys, fill up your glasses, and let it go raurid!"
''ra! dcjridle, lal de ridlc, hi-ding-do!"
Sowcgo—“
Columbia Times.
The result of our Congressional election,
will we fear tend no little to lessen the digui-
ty, respectability, and talents of our State, in
the
ib eyes of the People of the other States.—
Heretofore, we have had some few distin
guished Representatives, who reflected credit
upon the Statc. and. wcre, able, upon any
emergency, to vindicate Southern rights and
Southern interests. How many of ourmem- :
bers elect, will rank .in Congress, among
the distinguished of tho land 1 How many
of them will correctly represent Southern in
terests. feelings, talcuts and chivalry ? ■■■-■
Where wifi they be found in the great strug-
§ les which wifi agitate our country, and set-
e forever tho destiny of our State! Can
they ably vindicate our rights, and uphold
with efficiency, our institutions 1 When
such men os Wilde, Gilmer, t(e. are to be re
moved to make way for a Coffee, a Sanford, a
Terrell, Sec., well may we say “the limes
are strangely out of joint.” -Individuals, who
have ranked high iu the estimation of the
country, who have contributed by their-tal
ents anil'acquirements to elevate the standard
of our. national greatness, must yield to oth
ers, who have had little experience in Legis
lation, and who we fear, have not the qualifi
cations to repress nLcotrectly thu feelings and
interests of this State in our great national
council. Wash. Neics.
A Yankee Editor's excuse for. lack
of editorial.—If we had a subscriber on
uur fist that we thought would not take the fol
lowing as a sufficient excuse, for the warn of
even a single lint, we would erase his name
from our list:.
“The business of the editor has been too
multifarious thi9 week to admit bis paying
much attention to the editorial department of
his paper. Our primer and devil have both
been drunk, and wc (that is ourself) have
been compelled to set most of the type, and
do the press work for the paper. Il ls know n
that “uk” are a practising phvslcian, and
that our calls have been unusually -prolific
this week; Our sisters,nurse has been sick
and uk have been compelled to spend a con
siderable portion of our time in rocking the
cradle. This would appear . a sufficient ex
cuse for any reasonable man, blit it is not ail.
A beautiful black eyed girl, came to towrn last
Saturday, and-we had no sooner seen her,
than we were hall'dead in 'love: we have
during the week wooed and won the dame,
and shall, (if no lawfnl objection can be
mado.j be married at the niethodist church to
morrow. Are our patrons satisfied ? If not,
we hope, they may be doomed to a life. .of .cel
ibacy ! 1 Or if married, doomed to all tho
horrors of hen-pecked husbands 11” - .
Eoutli<3arbfina received her name in 16gl~
Rye Wqs first raised in Massachusetts, in
Tho.first mill in Massachusetts was a wind
The first vessel built in Massachusetts was
in 1631.
—The first printing-done ia-New- England
was in .1639—the' first thing printed, was tho
Freeman’s Oath,.thf sefond an Almanac, and ,
the third, ah edition of the Psalms.
1689, the population of America was 290,
000,souls. . '• -
Id 1642 was held the' first Commencement
of Cambridge University, in which nine stii- t
dents graduated.
"ThaUnlon oftht Statu, smiths Sorersigriiy of ihsSUtea."
COLUMBUS r
Saturday Morning, November 8.
COTTON, *
A small advance has been experienced' du
ring fthe past week, One small lot sold'at
13 1-8, Principal sales at 12 3-4 to 13 cents.
gorging swine when first penned for fatten
ing. T
iug. They should on the contrary bo mod
erately ail'd frequently fed, so tlial they be
kept full, but do not loathe or rejett their food;
and in tlte end contract fevers and-dangerous
maladies, originating in a hot and corrupt
mess of blood. 1 u airry and roomy, yet mod
erately warm pens, paved aud boarded, they
are healthy and thriving. They show- a
disposition to be cleanly, however otherwise
is supposed, and ulwajs leave the excremeu-
lilious mailer iu a part of the pen distinct iruiu
that iu which they lie uuw n. No animal will
thrive unless it be kept clean.’
Jcffuisouian republicans 111 Shame where
is thy blush 1 f This fad! then proves ono
thing most conclusively—that the Jackson’
party dare not openly assert that “ they tiro
not tlie' disciples of Mr. Jefferson." They
know it would be signing their own political
death warrant, hence they affect Jeffersonian
principles for tho purpose of securing tho
spoils of office, while ut tho same time they
denounce the most important political tenet
mainlennetl hy'that"illustrious, patriot, flow
long wifi tho people suffer themselves to be
duped by this deceptive, system J” How long
will the true followers of Mr. Jefferson sup
port sach a party ! x Southern Argus,
Abominable 1 Abominable !—\Vc under
stand, from such sources as leave lio room
lor doubt, that the Fost-Masicr-Gcneral lias
giveu orders'to all the mail contractors south
of Washington to moke no report of failures
of the mail. This iiici is currently aud com
monly spoken of and that without contradic*
lion, upon the entire line between VV ashiug-
ton and this place. That failures are not re
ported, we know to be a luct, from persons who
have been on the spot and had ample means
ol' reforming themselves.
Now wo put tlie question—Is this thing to
be endured I ls ii to tie tolerated, Unit in a
republican country, uuder u constitution, uu
der u government of iuws, tue servuuts of the
people shall thus flagrantly auu notoriously
abuse the confidence rqpueed iu tiiem, uud go
uupumsbed, because u -prumiuleu majority,
iu the House of Represeuiuuves are too ser
vile or too disliouest to bring me delinquents
to a just ictribuiiou i is u to be culture..,
• that the Fresidem who has assumed all res-
Latinisms.—There is a vicious’'propensi
ty almost universally prevalent to use Latin
derivatives in preference to words of thesaino
meaning derived from tho pure native foun
tain of the Saxon—" the . well of English
pure nnd undefilcd.” Whenever a writer
lias choice between two words of the same
import, he should use the Saxon in prefer
ence to the Latin, Greek or French derivative.
Either no doubt, would be understood by schol
ars, but he should remember that not one in a
hundred of his readers come under that de
nomination.
Wo arc led to make this remark from an
expression need in the last N. York Star,
which says:—" We have received the pros-
K ictus o'a now hebdominal newspaper” &c.
ow many of the readers of the Star wifi
understand the meaning of the word “hebdom
inal}" No tone, in ten we venture to say;
whereas had the word utekly been used no
reader would have been at a loss for its signi
fication. If is act every ono that has a dic
tionary even, or at least the industry to consult
it. National Banner.
Fire.—On Wednesday night last, about
9 o'clock, our citizens were aroused by tho cry
of fire, which was soon discovered to proceed
from the roof of the building occupied by this
establishment. The fire had been .commu- .
mcated to the ceiling of a room -in the upper .
story occupied os a Lodge, and before it wa9
discovered had proceeded far enough to get
fairly under weigh with the over-head ceil-,
ing.. Through, the unexampled .exertions
of our citizens, and a crowd of strangers, who
assembled oa the spot, the fire was extiri- •• ‘Jj
guished before it had done' much injury. Too ||
much praise cannot be bestowed on Messrs G. ' M
H. Peabody, S. R, Bonner, and others who, be- m
fore ladders could be procured, gained the roof • \
of the building, at the eminent peril of their \
lives, Ad thus undoubtedly, saved not only ‘ .
the building on fire, bur in all human proba- ■ 4
bility the whole range of bnildings, on the '
square. In the hurry and excitement of the - ; ;
moment, we could not designate -all the indi- £,
viduals most active in contending with thtf \
flumes—-but wc cannot omit the return of oar - t
grateful thanks to the citizens; and strangers y
generally, through whose prompt and efficient ’ ■ . vE
exertions, our property, and that ofottr friends
has been saved from.destruction. \v-
The fire was evidently communicated .^
an incendiary, who richly merit?, and when- Jk
ever proof sufficient is found,' will unquestion-^S
ably receive, a conspicuously uncomfortablo jMi
exaltation. Such villains are certainly high-
minded enough to dwell among aerial beings , 'j
Upon examination of the building, after the'ip
fire was extinguished, we discovered, that it -
had been previously fired- in another place, '
probably earlier the same evening. In,this
place, a quantity of paper and shavings had
been placed between the ceiling and uppcc V
floor, and lighted; the fire liad borhed tbroUgh -
one joist, and the floor, and gone out, probably ?
for want of air. These two sepernte attempts 5
to destroy this building, aud with it a largo
portion of our city, convince us that there is
at least one villain in. our community who
should bo carefully, watched—and wo would
earnestly recommend to our corporate author
ities and citizens generally, the' immediate ”
adoption- of efficient measures for tho future
preservation of irareity, from the depredations
of these demons in disguise
The Governor's Message has been re
ceived loo late for publication this week.—>
Whether it will ever find a place in our paper,
will depend on circumstances. - We com
menced reading it in order to give our readers
a synopsis,of it* contents; but tho intrinsic
dulness of the composition was rather too
much for our faculties, and brought over our -
physical man that image of death called sleep..
When we get again fully awake, and shako
off the drowsiness so unexpectedly provoked,
this masterly effort of a mighty mind,
shall receive an impartial review.. In tlie
mean time, tho reading of it is recommended
Anecdote of the Press.—The first
newspaper printed in those colonies was the
Boston News Letter, which was commenced
in 1704. It was published every MonJay.—
In 1718 the publisher, Benjamin Green, an-
taounccd that he found it impossible for half
a sheet in the week to carry on all' the public
news of Europe and that he intended.tqmake
up the .deficiency by printing a sheet every
other week, for trinl. some.monlha after, the
success of the experiment was duly proclaim-
'eit. Tho editor says, that for several years
back and “ oven inis time twelve months, we
were thirteen months behind with .our foreign
news, beyond Great. Britain; now less than
five months, so that by tho sheet, we have re
trieved about eight months since January
last; and any ono that has the News Letter
since that lime to January next, fife permit
ted, will bo accommodated with all the news
of Europe that are needful- to be known in
these parts.”
What a contrast to the present condition of
the press 1 Of old, an editor thought it mat
ter of boast to be less than five months be-:
hind European intelligence 1 Now, forty
days is out of time 1
From diu State Rights Sentinel.
FACTS TO BE FOUND IN HISTORY..
- The Roman Catholics first made their ap
pearance in America in 1632.
Tho first Baptist Church in America, was
formed at Providence, in 1639.
Iu 1656 tho Quakers made their first ap
pcarauce in America.
The first settlement in Now Hampshire,
was in 1623.
as'a sovereign' soporific and emetic, and as
superior in its effects'to Laudanum or Lobelia.
Massachusetts was founded in 1628.
- Mary laud received iu name in'1632.
. > lu 1633, the first bouse was erected iu Con
necticut. ~
Providence, in Rhode Island, was named
iu .1636, by Roger-WilfiaBb, he being the first
settler of Rhode Island.
In 1638 New ilaven, in Connecticut, re
ceived iu ua'ue.
Tbeopbilus Eaton was the first Governor
of Connecticut.
THERE 'drops upon\us occasionally from'
the North a newspaper devoted to tho inter
ests of those infamous incendiaries who wbuld
willingly shake the foundations of the con-.
fedcracy. in their attempts at abolition and
emancipation. For what purpose these pa
pers are sent us is alike unknown and uncared
for. Fair notice was given some time since
of tho fate of such productions when clandes
tinely smuggled into this office, in the liopb T,
that these bantlings of Belzebub, would in
future bo kept from. the fiery ordeal to which
wo generally subject them. In this it seems -
we were mistaken. We havo received this
week a number of the Emancipator, pub
lished in New York, for the benefit and be
hoof of that crack brained crew, , whose bow
els seem to yearn with such overwhelming
compassion for tho sins of the whites, and th».
sufferings of tho blacks in the South. In that
paper, we are called to task very unceremo
niously for speaking “imprudent” things o&
and concerning the American Anti-Slavery
Reporter a few weeks since. It is fad en
ough in nil conscience to bo taken in hand
and rebuked by honest men ; it is os much
as hnman patience can well put up'with, to
receive the admonitory reproofs of gentleman*
ly cotemporaries ; but to be lectured on pru
dence by a scape gallows, who would willing
ly imbrue his polluted hand in the best blood
of our peoplo, who would gladly eat his daily
bread steeped in the tears of women and chil
dren, made widows and orphans by his mur
derous policy, nnd who would dance with
joyou9 glee amtd die smoking ..ruins of-our
peaceable habitations’, laid waste by the jio-.
culiar objects of his care, himself ptrhiaps their 5
leader, is a tax upon our. kindlier feelings, Vjj
which neither prudence, propriety, or (imuo^a
tisra demands us to pay. f
What crime have we committed so heinous .
in iu nature, as to subject us to the censorship ' *