Newspaper Page Text
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:~^ar J?*~jgw»
I'OLlTItAL.
From tfw Georgia Journal.
FEDERAL RELATIONS.
The following is the rcjuirt ofthe mnjority
of the Committee on the Suite of the Repub
lic ; to whom wns referral the Executive
•message announcing the eitathm from the
Supreme Court. Anti the counter report or
fubstitnte of the minority, offered by Mr. Daw
son of Greene. . , _
The Committee on the State of the Hc-
pnblic, to whom were referred the Executive
communication of the 7th instant with accom
panying lineaments, re|wrl, That the writ or
Citatir.n which hoe been served upon his Ex-
oelloncv tlie Governor, nt the instance Of
James Graves convicteJ before the Superior
Court of Murray county,of the crime ol mur
der as detailed iti his Excellcufcy's Message,
is, in the view of your committee, an lUtempl
to abuse tlie process of the supreme court of
the United Stutes, for tin; pur|iose of interfer
ing with the ordinary criminal jurisdiction of
this State, which, by the constitution thereof,
is vested exclusively in her superior courts.
Tlie right toetiforco tho criminal laws of a
State within her own limits, is one of local
character, essential to tlie preservation of peace
nnd good order within her borders, dearly be
longing to thit "residuary mass of sovereign
ty" which is inherent in each State, nnd the
exercise of which, although of vital impor
tance to such State, does tint interfere with
the essential rights or interests of the other
Stutes in the confederacy. Your committee
need not pause to show, by historical refer
ence, that other States, Imvirig an Indian
population within their borders, hnvo nilbrded
a practical exposition of tho right of a Stute
to punish the perpetrators of crimes (whether
Indian or white) committed within her limits.
Your committee need only refer to tlie recent
case of George Tassels, in which our own
Slate successfully carried out the principle in
question.
Yuur committee briefly remark, that by
reason of tho government frinder which we
live being partly federal and purtly nntior al,
two distinct classes of cases arise, and ilmt a
just appreciation of the difference which cx-'
tsts between them will lead to a maintenance
of the just rights of each Stale, while a due
observance of those which belong to tho Uni
ted States, will be preserved.
The right to regulate tile interior police of
a State, is one of a local, domestic diameter,
belonging to flint class of cnsoB, the legislation
over whicli is exclusively vested in the .Slate,
and which should he asserted by her witli
that firmness, dignity and moderation which
should mark the deliberations of the represen
tatives of her people.
Your committee observe, that from tho let
ter of William G. Springer, tlie ageat'of the
Slate, which accompanies the Executive
message, they learn, that from the course pur
sued by ids honor Judge Hooper (upon the
propriety of which they discluim tlie right of
passing) a general determination lias been ex
cited among the Indians to maintain them
selves ugainst tlie policy and laws of ibis-
State, and your committee apprehend, flint
some obstacle may be uilerpoted by that <ie-
tormmalidn between the-sheriff iff Murray,
county, and the execution of flic 1'aws ill (In
case of Jiih. Graves. They have therefore
endeavored to prnvido for such exigency, by
recommending the ntlnplinn of a resolution
authorizing tlie Sherifl', should lie. deem it. ne
cessary, in employ such force iis, will ensure
tlie execution of tlie sentence in tlie ubovc
Cusn. , ■
Your committee, impressodvrllh these views
■ respectfully recommend for adoption the lb!-,
Ipwirigrcboluflinsi
Resolved by the Smalt anil House of Re
pnsentathes 'of the Shite of Georgia in Gener
al Assembly met, Tliut they view with feel
iugs of deep regret, another mie.mpt to inter
fere wit It t he .idtii'oislrntiuu of. tho criminal
laws of flfls 8one by the use of flic pioi e.
of tlie supreme court ofdic.Uuiled States, ,'.
Resolved. That die right to punish the per*
peiraiors of crimes committed within tlie ju
risdiction liiul chartered limits nfu'Slate, i'
one of t hi we residuary rights, Ihe'Bxermsc u
which is'nf. vital importance to tire dottiest i<
peace and internal ceimuni.y. of such Stitt,
and the praeliriil operation of whicli cun in no
wise conflict with tlie essential rights or miter
estsnfhet eo-slitles iSSS— - : i
Resolved, Tlmt his Excellency the Gover
nor be. und.tie is hereby requested to c'nin-,
inunlcate by express to ;tlio Sherd) ol Mur
ray county,'tne determmutiun of this Stifle to
enforce her criminal laws; aud that such orders
he issued hy.himto tlmt officer, ns will onstm
lit exsciltlbtf of the laws i:i the ease ol Junior
Graves r.onvieted of murder.
Resolved, Thlto the slieritl’of said couuly he
and he.is ffotoby,authorized auil emimweied
to employ a gourd of armed men, if lie shnli
deem tire same necessary, to curry into exc
cution tne sabWenlcnce.
Resolved, That his Excellency the Gover
nor, nod ail oilier officers of this ware lie, nnd
tliev are. hereby required to avoid any step by
wmih the State of Georgia may be made u
party a, tlie case sought to be made before the
supreme court of the United States by the
Mid process of citation.
'--•flU IlSTITt TE OFFERED »Y MR. DAWSON,
'lira CVitutiuliee nutbotrtnteof the Rcptlh
lie,' to wherri Was Itf n*d that |wrt' of die
Governor’s communication of she 7th un-tej'
which liM citetiua, i»<tun#
from the supreme court orftieUnited -Stairs,
in the case ofthr State of Georgia, rs. James
Graves, a Cherokee Indian, lately indicted,
tried and convicted for murder, before the su
perior court of die State, in die comity of
Murray, under and by virtue of tlie laws of
this Stale, have had the same under consider
ation, nnd, ns the result of their deliberations,
present die following Report :
Whereas, it ap(>cars from said communica
tion and die citation accompanying it, tliut
one of die Judges of the supreme court of (he
Uniied Stales has sanctioned a mandate or
writ of error, citing die 1 Stale qf Georgia,
thumgh her Chief Magistrate, to appear hi-
foie the Supreme Conn of flic United Stutes,
to be held in the City of Washington, in the
District of Columbia, on the second Mondtty
in Jauuuiy uext, to defend said state, in the
premisses involved in sniditrit of efror. in flic
instance of one James Graves, recently con-'
vicicd in die Superior CuQrt uf this State,
lately held in and Ibr the county of Murray,'
of the ctiir.e of murder; nnd as die right to
punish nit violation* committed against the
laws ol die stale, the pence and good oilier of
society, (uecordiqg to the eonslitulion mill
laws.) is .an uriginul and necessary port of
sovereignly, belonging to the Slate of Geor
gia. and as the occasion will fully warrant
and the crisis demands on the part of this
General Assembly, a declaration of flic prin
ciples anil the grounds on which tliev have
dercrniiaral to resist tipis interference oil flic
pan ofthg SSrpfellie court.
iff it HerrJlik Resolved, "That flic Legis
lature of ffie State qftOtttrgia, doth mienoiv-
ooallv avow » hte ^sulmior. t.. nriflh&in otid
defend flic eou-liidlion at (he Uniied. Slates,
and fl.e corwriuiiimi of ifus Mate. an.,ifli.gvc-
tliat they will support the govcrnment.uf tfje
Unhed States, in all measures warranted'!;*,
the former.”
2. " Resolved, That this Legislature most
solemnly declare# a warm attachment to the:
Union of these States, to maintain which, it
pledges all its powers, and for this end, it Is
their duty to watch Over and oppose every in
fraction nf those principles which Constitute
the only basis of that Union, because a faith
ful observance of. them cun alone secure its
existence nnd the public happiness.”
3. “Resolved, Tlmt this Legislature doth
explicitly and peremptorily declare, (hat it
views the powers of the Federal Government
as resulting from the compact to which the
States nre parties, ns limited by the plain
sense and intention nf the instrument constitu
ting flint confpnct; mid in ease of a deliber
ate and palpable. nnd dangerous exercise of
oilier powers not grained by tlie said compact,
the States who are parties thereto, bare the
right arid art in duly bound to interpose for
arresting the progress of flic evil ami for main
taining within their respective -limits, tlie an
thurifies, rights and liberties appertaining Xp
them.
4. That tlmspvetal States composing the
United States of America nre not united on
tlie principle of unlimited submission to their
General Government, but.by compact under
tlie style and rifle, of a ConslitutiOp of .flic
United States and of amendments thereto, they
constitute a Gorrrnmrhl for special purposes:
delegated to that Government.ecritiin definite
powers, reserving each'State to itself the residu
ary mass of right tothelr own self government:
mid, that whensoever the General' Govern
ment assumes titidelegaled powers, it* acts are
minuthoritntivc, void &oftit) force. Thattothi#
compact, each State acceded uM.Jdtutc nnd
ns an - integral-parly—flint the'" Government
created by this compact was not made the ex
clusive and Hnnl judgo uf tlie. extent of flic
powers delegated to itself; since dial would
nave made its discretion, ami not (ho Consti-
fulitin, the. measure of-itapower* : hut tliut,' ns
in all other enses of compact between parties
having no common judge, each purty.iius on
equal right to judgejor itself, as well of in
fractions as df the' modo' and measure of re
dress.
5. That this Legislnliirc doth also express
its deep regret tlmt it spirit ires in sundry in
stances been manifested by tho Federal Gov
ernment toenl.-irge its powers by forced c.m-
Htructions of tlie constitutional charter which
defies tliem : 'and that indications have np
peared of n design to expound certain General
phrases (which-havo been copieikfrnm the vo
ry limited grant of powors in tho former arli
elesof crtiilederntion, were the less liable -1«
be misconstrued) so ns to destroy dm. mean
ing mid cli'cct of tlio particular- i-mimemilnit
which necessarily explains uml limits the gen
eral phrases, ami so to consolidate the States
by degrees into one sovereignty ; -tlie obvious
tendency and inevitable result of which would
he, to transform the present republican system
of the United Stales, inioone absolute govern
ment widioni imy limitation of power.”
And holding find believing the principles
avowed itnd'deelnred in the foregoing resolu
tions to be in full neenrilnneo with tho nature
of this government—-and believing that “the
strength nnd (lower of usurpation coilidsl
wholly in flic fear of resisting it. and in order
to be free it is only neeastmry in will iti" ami
knowing that flic pcople of Georgia bclipyed
tlmt triton the Slufcs delegaibd to tho hands
of tlie General Government tlm tiglit to exor-
i-isn certain sovereign powers, Jt. was in trust
for the nreoinplisliriieiit of cerinln s|irriflc ob
jects, andevery exercise ftr»powc‘r beyond the
attainment of those specified objects is A viola-
lion oftho compact between tlie several Stales
mid tlie Uniied Stoles; and whenever tlmt
compact is infracted by tho Government ofthe
United,Statcsyu belongs to (lie sevornl State •
to oxen,iso their sovereignty', to roljiiee the
'JenCrnl Govcmmi-id to die exercise aif.pow-
rs within its legillituite s(dierc •of netioti ilni',
jci’restore the cumpnet to it# original ptirity”-
tiUU being warned.by past' experience "flic
the judiciary branch of the-General Govere
meat is the instrument'whicli, working' iljtel
rtivity without imcniiissinn. is to press u>
oi.lnsl* iiito one eunsolidaled mass’’—and.lie
hiving the doctrines contained in the comuin-
flcditlptt nfOnvermir Lumpkin, to ho cor.reel
■uni considering the erisis ns olio ueinandihg
oii iiic pari of the State,' " driiirmined tesis-
innbhi". and '• the history uf tlie United States
foieibly adinnaislies the. people nf tile United
Stnies’dint tliev should sutler no invasion rtf
their political constitutionsl(howoyer ttivnl-tlu
iustnuce may lippeur,) to pass atony without
a "•determined resistance”—'.‘the future evils
nr a bad example in Government, nro far
heavier ditin'nny immediate mischieftlihtcun
possibly result:—every unrcprovctl invasion
oVour ptililiciil constilulions, invites the cru
cifies of arliitrnry tower against tjic public
liberties; anil while examples nro supposed to
cordingiy.eaacU, that a final judgment or de-.
cree in any suit in the highest court of law and
equity of a State, in which a decision in the
•uit could lie had, where is drawn in question
the validity uf a treaty nr the statute nf. or on
authority exercised under the United States.
and tho decision is against their validity, or
where is drawn in question the validitv of u
come into Court, and disprove' the statements
in the bill', upon which. Judge Hooper, and-
every other Judge, would promptly decide in
their fnvnr, if it were their prerogative to do so
—hot they have gune as far as tlfc'y can go,
upder our judicial system ; and the ease now
itands for trial before a jury, to be selected by
lie parties themselves. The whole oflfeDce of
statute of, or an authority exercised under any the Judges, then, is, that they did not turn
Slate on the ground of their being repugnant,
in die constitution, treaties, or laws of the U.
States, and the decision is in favor of such.
their validity; or where is drawn in question
tlie construction of any clause of tlie curistitu-
lion,or of atreaty, a statuteof, or commission
held under the (inite'd States, and the decis
ion is against the title, right, privilege or ex
emption syeeiaily set up, or claimed by either
party miller sijeh clause of the said constiui-
f iorj treaty, statute or commission may be re-
enpnined and reversed or nffirmed.m the' Su
preme Court ofthe United States, upon a writ
of error, tlie chniiop being signed Uy a Justice
of tlie Supreme. C lurt of the Uniied States
And .whereas, the citation it! behalf of said
James GravesVservf.’il upon tlie Governor of
this Sjntcj jiupriicen issued, and. is proceedin'.:
in ooBjjjrimty to the foregoing section of the
act ot9T89. And Whereas, the said James
Graves claims the protection of the Supreme
Court of tlie United' Stales, under and by vir
tue of various treaties made by the United
States with thc-Ciicrokce tribe of Indians,-to
which tribe he belongs, and • did (dead nnd
defend himself on tlie ground of a want of
jurisdiction in tlm Superior. Court, before
whicli lie was tried and ccmvictcd, because
under and tiy die treaties, and especially, the
.treaty at Hiiisfnn.in 1791,'it was agreed and
declnred, that (lie territory of tho Cherokees,
was “hot within: tile jurisdiction of either of
tiie states, or territorial districts oftho United
States.”
And Jf'licreas, The said .treaties, and staid
26th sccdun of the net of 1799, so far ns re
lates to the authority, vested tn the supreme
court of the United Slate*, to grant citations,
for arresting the criminal laws of tills State;
or depriving this state of the right of extend
ing her laws tn her constitutional hauls; and.
exercising rumptete jurisdiction over the saiftc,
apd‘punishing the violations thereof; this Le
giqlnturo declurcs tu bo unconstitutional, ui6p-
native, null amt void,. ■
And : Whereas, Tlie SheritTof tho couhty of
Murray in the execution of the sentence pro
nounced against flic said James Graves, will
violate, and tlmt liy tho direction of this Le
gislature, the ninmlnte oftho supreme court
of tlie United States—for his protection. ■
lic it resolved,' That' litis Legislatut’e,.- will
iluring its session pass a law for.liis protecdou
and security. ‘ .
From Ibo State Rights Sentinel. .
THE GOVERNOR’S MESSAGE.
' We know of no situation more perplexing,
than that of tho Editor, who having a proper
sense of his own duties, as a sentinel of liber
ty,-and ofthe respect tlun to tlie chief magis
trate of ids State, is compelled to notice the
tissue of absurdities* inconsistencies, and de
pravities, -which are annually issued forth by
Gov. Lumpkin, underthe name of Executive
Messages. Before ids elevation to the first of
fice in the State, ids Excellency was general
ly reputed, bv those who Imd ho interest in
uiisreprescnfliig him; and the best means of
knowing him, ns a. sly, cautions, ambitious,
double - hired linin': whose highest nnd cease
less aim. was political preferment, nnd who,
with just wit enough to discover his want of
(imdi'Hcnlion for office, had just cunning enough
rediscover how it niiglit bo gained without mer
it, nnd just wickedness enough to gatn it,- in a-
ny way, which his cunning might suggest.—
For ourselves, we entertained a better opinion
of Him. That ids talents were far below his
aims, we imd no dnulits—that he was more
watchful nf the strength of parties, than the
strength of pririciples, we were well assured
—flint he would never bo on the' weak side,
ledger than was necessary to correct ati error
in ralcutndnui we were perfectly satisfied,
lint we did not believe Utp < opnble of resorting
to dishonorable means, for the purpose, ofgnin-
iig office, or, of wilfully, and ol duliber ately
prostit utlngofflce,'whSn gained? to the purpo
ses nf private maliguitv and lawless tisurpa-'
lion. Believing that .lie possessed some re
deeming qualities as n. politician, and more
ns a private individual, too liave tluis lar for
borne tncoinment upon his political errors;
being disposed toascribe them loan ill-advised
head, ratherthan to a wioked heart. . But Jus
Inst Mcssngo banishes from us the Inst gleam
of-charity which wo had for him; and exhi
bits him to us nstiio.most odious, presumptufls,
desperate, mid depraved mortal, that ever
bore the nnrfie of Governor, in these United
Stutes.'i iriio wrote it. he deserves the scorn
nnd contempt of. every man in the cnmtfluni-
y—if lie ' did aril write it* lie deserves -at
plncrin the matTlioiiso.
■ Here is a. man who holds his office by vir
tue of his pretended hostility tn npHificntion,
recommending . nullification tlmt ,tee would
blush to own—who holds liis'place, by reason
of his prole--,mis of respect for tin- courts of
tlie country : rei-onimcnciing,..(flrti'e\Vv; Imt
lie Indian off, without a hearing—that they
am Lhc'dcfendants to the trouble of answering
fie Indian’s complaint. This is laid to the
charge of the-Judges, as.an interference
with tlie sovereignty ofthe State; (a pretty thing
for Gov. Lumpkin'to vindicate,) and it is a
charge sufficiently grave, to justify liis Excel
lency in imputing corruption to the whole
bench; nnd to authorize the Legislature to
dispense; witli their services for the future.—
The J ucfccs arc sworn to fldniinistcr equal jus
tice, to I in poor and rich : no -indulgence is
tube ext rided to this.oath. ’ Judges may err
in judgueut, no charity is to'be extended tn
such, errlrs. No, they tire.combined with tlie
lawyers,mid ull, with tile interested and half
civilized; in corrupt machinations’ngafust the
sovereignty of tlie State. Of all.ontragcs up
on decency, dignity, character, law, justice,
and mercy, fliat wc ever heard of, this takes
the lead, By all that can move a people, to
solf-rcspe.bt, anti a regard for our institutions,
we ask them, whether they arc so wedded to
parly, that they will support the' Governor,,or
any mail who docs support him, in-the dariug
attitude which he has ussumpd to the judicia
ry.—Mere of this nnOn. - ■ - •
NEW-YORK ELECTIONS.
Tile city has gone fof.dio administration
by upwards of 2,000 mnjority, and from' the
accounts as far ns received, such no doubt is
the result throughout the State.. The N
York American,,says, that “solar as the cit-
y is concerned tlie hnttlcis lost—and afterwards
adds, "of the'State, we venturo not; after thb
result here, to encourage any hope.”-.
The New Yorlt'Journal of Commerce, con
gratulalcs the country that i u violence liasoc
currcd. It'sayslhnt “notwithstandingtheen-
thus'msm wilich lias been manliestcd by
the tespecliveparties, tho elcc ion has been
carried on and finished 'without tlie slightest
interrnptibn of tlie public pence. -Never be
fore'was go great n number of votes polled in
the city,—never’ was-a deeper interest felt ’ih
the result,—yet-hover, so .far as public order
is concerned, was an election conducted in n
manner more becoming n free nnd reflecting
peoplo. However u tisutislactory to cither pur-
ty may be tlie result, in this at least they must
rejoice, that a great exumple has been set _ in
the' commercial metropolis ofthe nation,which
shows how omnipotent is die will of the peo
ple for trie prevention rtf riots,, even • in tlie
most excited state of public feeling, when
unce that wiil is deliberately formed and ex
pressed. Hero at least'is a noble triumph.for
both parties.'- It will do more to prevent, and
discountenance excesses in future', than any.
thing which has occurred among us for ma
ny a day."
A correspondent-of the drteannah Republi
can, thus writes in relation to the two parties
of the State. He is'at Mifledgeville, where
he can see the conduct and actions of each.
To my * mind’s eye,’ the State Rights
men wear d prouder mein 6f concious recti-
ude; than they havd ever before exhibited.
They seem to rise brightly and buoyantly
from the pressure of defeat for they are fully
convinced that "trite greatness does hoi. con
sists in never falling, but in rising evfcry time
we fail.” On the contrary, our adversaries
show some compunctious visiting* of con
science, which is, indeed, really. creditable re
them—^for if there is any truth in physiogno
my, I abonld say .without fear of contradiction,
that they seeni to be ashamed of their victonf /"
The Uuionof the States, And the 8o?ereiguty of theStiiei.'
. COIAJlflBUSs
Saturday morning, November 92.
COTTON MARKET.
Since our lost-quotations, prices have fluc
tuated Thearaount received during the week
Has been large, and sales' have ranged from
13.to 14 S-8-. It.will be,.perceived.that our
price* are about the same as. those of New
Orleans and - Mobile, .Some of our buyers
anticipate a still further advance by the next
foreign arrivals—withers seem to apprehend a
decline. We are disposed tn.think that now
is the time to sell.
,Wo quote, as present prices, 14 a 145-8,
From tlio Soutlicrn Argus,
lu 1831 itwns the cry of every snbmiss'mnist
in tlie country that an act'nfnulfificatiimoti the
part ofthe state government could not Be car
ried into cflcci in n state without producing n
dissolution of the Union—they were alt at that
time as much opposed to the tarifl'as the nul-
lifiers were, and would dissolve the union rath
er than submit to it—contending that it was
much better that tiie Union should be peacea
bly dissolved, than to run the hazard of crea
ting a civil war. hy an act of nullification.—
But iio sooner imd tho mandate of the' Presi
dent-gone forth tlmt secession was equivalent
to war against the General Government, and
war against tlie geiieralgovernment was trea
son ini' the part uf the states, then the nbedi
ent minions of power ‘instantly changed posi
tions. npd fuelled about to show their devotion
to the man nt.the expense of their principles.
The proclamation, which- pronounced-epeos-
sioh treason (die 'right for which they had
been contending for years) was lauded to tlie
skies, and was pronounced tho purest an d most
patriotic document, that had evor emenuted
from an American Executive. They might
with great propriety have expressed them
selves something like this; .‘‘1 did stoutly con-
teud frir the right of cccession, until I saw (he
Presidents proclamation, which ..pronounced
it treason'nnd rebellion: liut now I find I was
wrong—and. ns;l Believe that the President
can do no wrong—I will face about and obex
his awful command. I know I am, a frail
weak creature, without, capneity 'enough to
act and think for mysolf—so I will obey the
dictates of. our.patriolic president nnd shape
rny-opinions loriiioriovv; I will again lock to
justify the most dangerous mensmes, a capa
city for ogtfaentation: crudunlly increases,"
•• Tlie theory of governtnhnt, ns estahlislitsi
in tlie United Stutes, cdtflenipltrteB-lhe Fed-
cral and Stute GoYernincnts as mutual ciiceks
on one tuiothcr. cnnslrainiug the various r ,,xm.mcnumg,.
authorities to revolve within their proper on«l . . . • „ r . ,
consflintiutinl .pUm-s” -lV invi.duhle pro- I P 1 ^ ?•> 'he entire prostration ..f he who
scrvoh'ou qfyur polidcal iiis.imjions is |J'«“ ( ' W . V <* 'he.State-a man, who, hut ye*.
>d to ito .General A«e V nl.)v v f I'rt-emen L^' r,l,lv - Vw tohin.ng forth that the &upreme
VrfOtoreiain common v.imme Legislature, w f ,l,e ulii.mm- and hnnl nrlnterof al
ofthe several {times; ami the sacred duty de- '"<«« 'h« Btates and the- General-
, > _ . !• * s *i - A- Government : n trt:atitii? the bunrcine Court
THE LEGISLATURE.
.NoTUfMO of much ifliportance has yet been
dond ..by the Legislature.-.,Several impor
tant hills liavebeen introduced, and some of
them read, tlie second time. All the informa
tion wo. have concerning the citation wilt be
found iti tlie letter'df our correspondent..;
.The following is a summary of all the bills
as yet passed by either Branch, in which our
readers are likely to fCcl tiny interest.
By the Senate:
To incorporate the Georgia Conference
Manual Labor School in Newton county.
To incorporate Sumter county Acndemy,
and appoint Trustees. ■
• To prevent persons- from ppisqning water
courses, and punish violatcrs.'
To make permanent tlie' public buildingi
in Cuthbert, Randolph-county,' and. appoint
commissioners. ' .,. •
HOUSE OF -REPRESENTATIVES'.
To alter tlie "time - of holding , the Inferior
Court of Heard;
• Judge Coiquit ha* introduced a bill for the
relief rtf Felix Lewie. •
The hill to appropriate a sum of money to
Cut and put in order the road from Columbus
to St.-Mary’s had beep taken up, and lh<‘
blank in tho first section filled , witli $7,000.
A bill has boon- introduced by Mr. Wynn
to incorporate the Protestant /Episcopal
Church in Coiu'lhbusr *, ''
Wo shall endeavor from time to time,,
lay before our readers every item of news from
the capital, which'interests them-..’
From otir Correspondent at Millcdgovillc.
■. MittEnoEViipE,.Nov. 16th, 1834.
'Gentlemen.—Ip a few days .you will be
enabled to see the result of the Legislative de
liberations bn the case, which-brought iti ques
jioh the righte -of the State. The majoritv,
of tho. Committee on the St'ate of the Repui,
lie, reported n preamble and resolutions, whicli
fully recognize all the doctrines for which flic
State Rights party contend v'yet they had no-
magnanimity enough to embody .the princi
ples upon which those resolutions,were foun
ded.. Tlie minority offered as. a. substitute'
resolutions having tlie same object in view,
but setting'out fully the principles upon.which
they jvere based,.and this. was done 'in’- thr
language of Jefiprson, Madison, nnd Jiidgc
Smith of South Carolina. I-. have sent' you
tin- original and substitute, by which you will
perceive, that in this cose-the'Legislature of
Georgia lias sat in judgment upon-what rights
she lias delegatcd’and what rights she has.
a first rate stenographer here from Washing!
ton City, taking down the debates. In con
sequence of which I will make no comment
on them, except that the Union Orators, were
very anxious to be Jeffersouian Republicans,
but not Nullifiers. The people will judge;
them, I hopo by their-actions, not'by their
word*; I am yours, See, ■-
Art IstPrtRTANT Business, done in a
small WAfA Bill hns been intmduced in
the Legislature to confine the duties of Judge
Hooper to one single county of the Cherokee
country, and form a new circuit of tile remain
ing counties. This is rather the smallest at
tempt at proscription, we venture to say, that
cart be fouDd on the records of Legislative
folly. \Vhy not impeach, or by an address
of toW fhifils, remove Judge Hooper from of
fice f Are men nfraid to do ojieniy, what this
contemptible manoeuvre manifests a disposi
tion to do 1 . Let such a law be passed, and it '
13'be a slander upon the intelligence of
the people to suppose, that they will not at
tribute it.to the right motive. ■ This trifling
wUhthe.importan t rights and personal feelings
of one of the highest judicial officers in the
state may eCrve to gratify the malice of tho
Executive and .his friends; but a power, still,
as yet, above even these' high'dignataries,
toil! be apt to inquire, why was Judge Hoop
er not tried; and if found guilty punished* ac
cording to the forms of the Constitution I—*;
When that enquiry is made toho will answer,
and what will that auswer he ? The reply
must come.. -
the right about—for it is the duty of guod sub- reserved; she Jins acted upon that jnd'g-
jeets to obey the will of their'tnasters. I wil 1 : . , •
,,,,,,, i , ... , . ^ , ,nent, and administered the necessary re-
now nlmse cccession nio«t lusiilv, for I find . I ’ i . ,
tliat I was wrong in ever advocating it—Down 1 dresb. \ oil will perceive tniit the original
with cccession—down with State Riifi.rts— . resolutions are intended to conrejfl the princi-
down \rith all vita that prelr.ej >,u act or think I ,,ie from flic public eye. The 'substitute was
JiCtiSON hOR GEN. vote ddp Wn) knd the original resolutions wern
Buch language ns ibis would be appromtate
Ives upon them of preserving these institu
tion# unmipaied.” • ....
Rt ft therefore further Resolved, by flic
Senate ami House of'Rcprrsentalivcs uf the
Slutc of .Georgia in. General Assembly met,
Tlmt tliev view with feelings' of tho deepest
regret tlie interference by the Supreme-court
of t)ie United-States, in the admitiistratiun of
tlie |a\vs of this State, and that such nu inters
fercncci# a ‘‘flagrant violation" of her'rights,-
aud detnaiuis lire “ deter mined resistance" of
the State.
Resolved further, That tire Governor be,
aud every other ofiiccr uf tlie State, is hereby
requested, and enjoined to distegnrd. nny and
everv mandate,. process, writ of etror, and
prohibition, tlmt has been, or shall He served
on him or them, purporting to proceed from
die Supreme Court of the United Slates, for
tlie purpose of arresting tire execution, of the
ctltmpal law* of this State, es|icciailY in tire
ease of tlio sentence of death, pronduuecd by
one of tire Judges uf tlie Sii|ierior Court a-
gninst one Janies Graves, in tiie county, uf
Murray.
. Rtsoh'ed furthtr, Tlinl a copy of this Re
port and these. Rcsoluflotis be forthwith trans
muted to the ShcriffufMitrray eounty. liy tho
Governor and that said Sheriff be instructed
hereby tn disregard said process and- to con-
liiriu to, nntl execute thu orders or sentence uf
the »U|H.rior court, in conformity to the laws
uf ibis State.
And Whereas, Tiie (bregoing resolutions,
requires and directs, tliut a ministerial uflicer,
tlie Sheriff of Murry county, shall disregard
» mandate issuing fiom a Judge of the Su
preme Court of the United States, under lire
*5lh section-of-.an rre!,- pas-ieti by thc Cori-
gres- ol'ilie Uniied Si ale-., on the 24lh day uf
Bepjeniber, 1789, entitled “an net In esiah-
li-li tin- Judicial Court* ofthe Uniied Stales,"
TJ aggrc**lon, citbw luitogri ur domestic—and , und -which said 25tb section declare#, and ac-
Governmcpt’;” treating flic Supremo Court
with sovereign contempt, and the State Courts
wlffi still' gfenterc.outempt—a man, wire, an
hour Before, was breathing tender condolence
for the Judgcs:of South Cnroli a, who- were
likely to be ruled hv tire Legislature of flrat
State, so fur ns to allow- that body lo'rcquirc a
Common ontli .tif-nUcgiant-o of her citizens,
ailvising die Legislature of this, to .provide
menus for rem.qving nil Judges out of tlie way
of their laws—n man, wire protiounccd.it ab
surd, in a single State, to expound laws for
itself; setting uji ids judgment,, upon;ques
tions of equity, in opposition to the ojiinioiis
uf.n half dozen Judges, some of them among
the very first jurists in . the Stale—a mati,
standing alone luone department of the Gov
ernment. miblusliingly Imputing tou nauiirer
of iligh'nnd hohuntble, functionaries, ina 'eo-
tiplii]ntc,tlc|inrtnient, tire vilest eorru|itinn and
depravity, cliarging tliem with "supporting,"
"sustaining,” and '"enmilemmcing” '‘a com-
binatinii uf interested -individuals, and half
civilized meu, iii prostrating the rights pfour
citizens, and the sovereignty of tlie State."—
And' hy what, authority docs this political
changeling assume this Jolly hearing, to men,
who would make nothing by nn exchange of.
Imtf their talents, for all hi* integrity ? Wlty,
forsixifli, a hill was filed in he ulf of -an indi-'
mi,.whoswore lie wasabom to lio fotniblv re
moved from tlie little sjkii of enrdi Georgia
bad allowed liiin ; (which lost, lie would not
have an inch, w-licreoii replace his foot,) and
Judge Hooper enjoined tlio • re"passers from
furtlicri-iicrnaclmiinis, iintil -he jinnies could
he heard. Tn lids hill, the d -rt-udantsdemur-
red— i. e. jileaded before tlio Court, fliat, ad
mitting nK that was stated by the Indian to be
true, there was no redress liir dot in Eqtiitv.
Judgo Hooper ovcnuledlhe domucrcr, and "a
majority of tlie oilier Judges sustained hisde-
cision. None of .ihem decided the easetlie.ir
decision •till- left the defendants at liberty to
in tlie mouth of ii suhmissionist—they talk of
riien’x changing i'teir principles! crentures
wlio have tacked niiunt at flit obedient call of
a piaster and been before the American peo
ple since tlio present executive came' into
power!! They talk of tlteir democratic prin
ciple^? They have no' principles ! i ft is-a
pervertion oftho term. They are the obedi
ent'slaves of power—wire will-sliput lustily
fora bank to-day, tpiovidiug' the’President
enti tle consuited wilh regard to the nature of
the institution) and condemn‘nil hanks to
morrow, if they hear the still soft whisppr of
gold and silver from the throne. -‘They talk
of consistency nnd. independence ! J They
never knew lire meaningof the words!! Con
sistency, in their vocabulary' means " huzza
for Gen. Jackson," whether right or wrong,
drunk'or sober l! . And as long ns they arc'
trailing after their leader—Ihcy are consistent
to their principles!! An independent man.
means one that never cxcrcised.au opinion of
hi# own—but adopts without reflection the no-
tions of Dr* Jackson.
A portion ol'tlie people ofthe United States
ma_v continue to be liuinbuged by such uon-
sense us tliis/ns long as tlioy close their eyes
to convictiou—but lire mist must disappear as
soon as tlicy become .diligent seekers after
trutlt—if men are ignorant in. this cottntty, it
is n wilful ignorance, for which no frCe man
should he excused. Man to he capable of seif
government,- should, bn .accustomed to scrutin
ize the. acts of his rulors—qind so soon as wo
begin re look with a blind adoration to any
branch of iiurgovernment, we arc beroniing
tlie minions of power—and suitable creatures
to be made the staves of a despot.
Gamf.sters,—A German paper mentions
the fact that nf Gamesters at Hamburg, 300
committed suicide,.109 cudcd tlteir career as
swindlers or highway' lubbers, aud lire re
maining 200 hy apoplexy rhagrin or despair.
-. A robusrions countryman -meeting a physi
cian, ran to hide behind a waif—being asked
tire caii-e. Re rejdied " ti i- Jong since'
have been sick,-tliut l nut positively nsbarot-
to took a physician in the luce.”
A. F. Transcript.
adopted.. I do hope tlio peojilo will be ena
bled to see that the mnjority have adopted in
action, the very principle whicli-They have
abused, nnd with. which (hoy succeeded in
alarming the people;
Yes, one state, and that state Geftrgin, with
an overwhelming Union Legislature, without
consulting a sister State, has upon-.her, own
judgment determined that sire has nover del
egated tlie right to any-power pf. interfering
with. her criminal jurisdiction, No matter
how much sophistry'nud . nonsense .may lie
thrown around this matter, Any scnsiblo mind
tnust know that if'slie has tho right to judge
in one case, what rights site has withheld.; she
mtiet have an equal right to judge in any.ofli-
And us in flits' case she has made that
determination, nnd resolves in consequence of
an unjuRt interferenec-to disregard tho citation
ofthe Supretne Court,.it. must fgllow,tbnt
she would hnvc'un equal right in any other
case, to disregard and set aside as null and
void every interference, with such rights, ns
she lierselC may determine, has not been del
egated. Surely this caso is so plain fliat.the
ambiguity of designing men',.cannot so mys
tify it, as to prevent tho people of this country
from understanding that thcrgreat noise made
against tlie right of n Stats to interpose, for tiie
protection of her reserved righis, lias been
made to effect party purposes and that tlio
Union party'themselves, arc compelled to use
it, as the conservative principle of the Gov-
ernYnent.
Judge McDonald and Dr. Rccs, are the on
ly members ofthe Union party who preserved
their- consistency, and although-neither of
ilietri were present, wlien flic tote was taken
vet they did not conceal theiropinion, tlmt the
tit ate tiad no right to interfere with they man
Jute of. the Court. There were several ani
mated speeches made (in the subject, nre
' THE. CITATION.
The exclusive friends of the- Uniongeetrt
to bo very much alarmed lest their recent
conduct in refference to the citation, should
be regarded bythe- rcflccting park'of the conj-
munity, 0s squinting somewhat-at'a certain
“dangerons' heresy;”.well.indeed may they
be uneasy upon this subject. When the peo
ple see that the States are not. more corpora
tions as they have been represented to be, and
that there is a "residuary mass uf sovereignty”
unsurrendcrcd to lhe Federal Government' as
alL parties seem now. to admit, they will nat
urally- inquire in what fliat “ mass of sove;
reigmy" consists, The majority of tlie com
mittee,’ to whom his excellency’s-latc Message
accompany ing the mandate from the Supremo
Court was referred) have in. their report ad
mitted that there is a portion of that much a-
hused thing, called sovereignty, inherent , in
each Sjnte, and that its exercise miry be of vi
ta) importance to the States. Now tins is all
true. But when and where did they make
lire discovery ? Is it written in-the constitu
tion ofthe United States that lire Supremo
court .shall nelghterfere with tlie criminal ju
risdiction of Georgia 1 Or is it there written
that when that .court does so interfere, Geor
gia has a right "to set its mandatos at defiance.'
and proceed on in the execution of her laws ?’
Not at. al). Yet the state docs this, and says
in the very teeth of that much lauded tribu
nal, •* Thus far slialt-.thou go and no’fnrther.”
In such a. case who judges oi the wrong and
iie .remedy ) Why, according to tire report'
-nd resolutio'ns of our' Union friends' thera-
elvcs, the state lias a right to do it, .and tlie
state docs do'it; But say they, tliis is an
usurpation affecting a single state, and hence'-
arises thb inherent right of resistance.' Now
there is about as much logic as common sense -
in 'such, an' argument. J The course of reason
ing adopted by the resolutions would lead to-
something like this, that when any branch of
the'Tederal government attempts by • usurpa-
tiou or otherwise to destroy the rights and lib*,
erty of a single slate, such state may lawful
ly stand hy hef arms, but should that same
oppression happen to'bc general; then it would-
be treason to resist and the universal suffering,
must be burne with universaLncquieseeACP.— .v t
Men that tire' not quite simple enough'to-he
gulled by snch nonsense will ho apt 1 to see.
.yery little difference, between the practice of
our opponents in Ihts case, and. the doctrine
fltey 6o.Iately and so loudly denounced.
The report and Resolutions place the right
of resistance in tlie case upon tlie ground that
tho essential interests of oilier members oftho
confederacy will not be interfered with.—^-*
This may be a.yery good-argument, but what
Becomes of it when applied to . a stale of
things, which, a leading mart of their party
openly avowed tho right of the General Gov
ernment (o bring about. The monstrous doe*
trine has been' advanced tlmt Georgia might
be sold to a foreign nation. Suppose the trea*’
ty making power should carry out this doc
trine anil transfer her citizens, anil soil to the •
Turks for tiie benefit and Behoof of her sis
ters, would sho acquiesce or would sire resist
the treaty and hy virtue df'heF sovereignty
despise-tlie usurpation andjcpntemn the usur
ped 'authority by which she was basely trans-
fered? To-this there can be, and iherewould
be but one answer. Rf.sistance would rise
in. every valley, il would echo from every hill
in the State. Yci according to the resolutions
fAtrt;rcsistnnce-would he treason, because it !
would interfere with the interest 'of the ert^
states, for whose Benefit our own little corpo
ration was sold. It will not do. Ifa State
can rightfully judge iti one base, she can in
all others,- of usurpation . find tyranny, come
from where it will, or. let her judgment and '
action thereon, effeqt whom it will. ,
Tlio substitute offered by Mr; Dawson of
Greene, to whicli our readers are referred, co
vers the whole ground of state interposition
and was of course rejected. For what reason f
Simply because our new nullifiers were un
willing to avow any general doctrines with
regard to their lately discovered "mass of
sovereignty," and because too by so doing,
drey might commit themselves on the right
side of the great question which now agitates
the country. We will not however, wo trust,
fall out hy the way side. They have made
one effort in redeeming the state from total
;i.<srace, and though that cflort bo a feeble
which you will shortly sec published, as there one, we would not if we conld impede ip—