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!Tt ISO ELL A 1%'EOC'ti.
I*Ml THR lK«lUIRKIU
80.NG OF A MAGi>V*j£N£.
Many a one wilh gnilty
The pMhs of vice li»v«* trrnl;
Then mei pomp prw'rnut friend, to lend
Them bock Hgmn to (*od;
Hut when <1, when, in mercy’s nnme
Hath friendship’* bund been *c»*n,
Vo Miiatch from guilt’* pnlluidf) fa no
A wretched Ma^ilnicnc /
For other crime**, ami other wOca,
There mn v forgivenon* bp ;
The henrt’ii brsl ehariliea i:re ftozo
To erring one* like me.
Where’er! go; where'er I room,
No eye# of pity beam—
Go, |o nwny, thou guilty one,
Thou art a Magdalene*
With outline upon mv burning brow,
ft, whifJi r hIi ill I wander now,
For succor or for r.M t
The wolf limy to 1ii*< covert flee,
The fox speed to hidden;
No refuse hut the gliyp for ine,
A frK*iidIo»fl Mngdnlcne.
Toni outcast of the Ini man race,
To vi«e ami misery born,
tyniutied victim ofdHirrnco,
Coudr-umM to denlblraa acorn j
No wonder (hat the world can find
No mildness iq my mifn;
The umibipsHof despair is min/*,
Unhappy Magdalene.
Heboid the doom’d—the dertiu’d burh,
With all her ctuivn«a spread,
Sent belmicas o’er the Waters dark,
To wreck nnd ruin sped;
Such is thy doom^ituliilo to glide
On file’ll polluted * lion m,
Then founder in the Stygeun tide,
Ilbfatiid Mugdulono.
And wilt thou, Lord, like man, forsake
A friendless wretch below,
Who-** guilty wanderings lmvc been great,
Hut greater still her woo ?
P,inuat my ©yea forever pour
-vGdofi unavailing stream ? -
Gan no repentant team restore
A mourning Magdalene I
Yes Lord, tlioo didst thy promise keep
When weeping Mnryccmc;
Like her I kneel, like her t weep,
Confess my guilt and shame;
And humbly hope thy boundless lovo
Around my path may bourn,
To light tn tliy blest homo nbovo
Another Mugdnlcne.*j£ 1 'Uy.l-
-r “'p;:--
* •
A aiinKK calculation.—A young man
who earns from six to eight or toil dollars per
week ami spends but three or four of it board
ing, and >vltat besides is necessary fnr coin
fort and convenience, mny lay lip from one
to two hundred dollars yearly towards setting
up for himself in proper time. If the capital
required be not large, in three nr four years ho
may calculate upon being n master instead
of n journeyman. ThisHono view—obvious
to bt- Kortrbol o’, llic less imiimtnnt. Another
view is, and one which too tifteit presents itself,
if a young in. instead of thus- laying tu
the chief pa;-, of his wages, spends it rill nr
gtcarly spit lic-idle Sundav excursions anti
frivolous c - )i-bulls—or billinrtl playing nr
nitv other ■ •moritderu totrsttit. tie may
caletiNie upt i retnniningn journeyman for life;
and if It, > .;,t through evil rmnmimic.i
lion tptiv S'i tie Prison nr'lie #iillu«v». "ill it?
nil proh ■ 1 terminate his tnorltil career iu
sonie ter ottse,' unpitiedtinil despised. This
is gQQtb' ie.voftlie case etptnlly obvious
ns ih" lilt and yet How often ure botltofthcm
lost sigh ,,f to ti,»Vnln . out it-
t . -The use rtf shinies and blind-
•• - \,-tv trilling ntleetion of the eye, is
il tloti camtotbe ton strongly reprobated,
e o -oo of light nml air being thus cx-
.) in ! the.orgaurigitlly compressed,oph-
iio. ami evcii total blindness is nut imfire-
(y the. consequence of that which beiiic
P-, merely n slight flow of humor, or n
exlriiviisted blond, would linvo subsided
t'W, tlevs, if judicially iretried, or ovotl if
itself'.—Curtis on the Eye.
Sot Foote and thk Hcold.—Sam Foote
Vrin-'»colded severely, on some occasion, by
g lady of not tlte most ngrceiible temper, lie
Teul'e tl—“1 have hoard of ntrtar nnd brim-
* stone, anil by Jove, tnndntn, you are the cream
‘ of min anJ tiic Jlon'er of 1)10 otlmr.”
The skasons.—-A late western paper lias
tho following notice of the peculiarities which
have marked the season of the present year,
Tlte description will answer very well for the
region of the Middle Stales:
”\Vt! have never known a season hr mu
life that was not tho .uosi remurkuble that
was ever seen ntid felt. It is either the hottest,
or coldest, or dryest, or wettest, or earliest, or
latest, or rititiyost, or snowest, or lruilful.:Bt,
or liti' M ne'i ilint wit•yevar heard oft But of
nil the toost remarkable yean we remember,
we think the present tho most rcmnrkubly re
markable. First comes u I'nM in May mat
turns nil tin* young leaves red I brown, a-
if 'twore Octoberkills all llto fruit, uud
desttoys nearly every tiling else. Then the
locust! desolate tlte country. Then it drought
- follows that dries up I lie rivers, burns tlte corn
in dentil, annihilates tlte potnities, and raises
■ the thermometer liiulierllnm was ever known.
Tilt, over,—come rains which nearly wash
nwnv Ninth Carolina; ami root up the cotton
trees nil through the Smith. I'inaljy, tlte
scene closes hy Jack Frost stepping in and
chewing up tho tobacco crop with tho most
cool and icy composure.'*'
An Oddity.—It is odd tint! Van Duron
should be ealleil the Democratic candidate,
when it is'well known thut ho took n decided
stand iu the New-York convention against
universal Miftiitge, and insisted thut uono
shot! hi have u vote but men of property.
Hint! i’lttcK Kim a secret—The sura of
ten thou--:.ml pounds lias been paid lor Mr. St.
Joint Lott’s secret of curing,consumptive pa
tients, lohleii up us lie left it. Many a pour
•creature will huve to be gulled, to make up
this sum.
A delegation of Indians, from llto Crock
nation, uuder the charge of D. Dubois, list],
arrived in.this city nit yesterday morning, in
the meant boat Burry. They nre on their
way, we understand, to the Territories of Red
Iliver and Arkansas, ou tiu explot mg expedi
11011. Tla ir appearance is every wav genteel
mid reSpecbtnle. But lor their color and pe-
. cuitui rcmftmuanuu ' of • couutenunce, they
would Intfilly be HUspevwti ns belonging to tin
Baxuge Dace. Their uhuhw foflmv:—Ono-
thhmlmlur, Cflosa-tu.,, miggi. ruekutmt-
cj»y AUuck'i*s**» Oaich*u-ltti io
Comp-ha , Cusseivt-i.u-j,,, hu,i Tuskegcv’
me i,vo. J,.-,;. liiuner uud. Joshuu, I mg.,
preitrs.—Aiutnlt Adv.
(From the new Novel of Docre.
“Marriage is to a woman at once the hap
piest aud the saddest event of her life; it is
the promise of future bliss, raised on the
death of all present enjoyment. Hhe units
her home—her parents—Iter companions—
Iter occupations—her amusements—every
thing on which site has hitherto depended for
comfort—for afli-ction--lbr kindnew-fot pleas
ure. The parents by whose advice she (pis
been guided—^Jte ristyt to .whom she has dared
impart the every embryo thought aud'fceling.
the brother who hns pfuvcd with her. by turn
llto counsellor nnd the confute He d—nnd the
yoimgehilifren, to whom she has hitherto been
the mother anil the playmate—all lire to be
forsaken at one fell stroke; every former lie
is loose tied---tlm spring of every action is to
he changed ; nnd yet bIu- flies-with joy into
the untrodden path lie (fil’d her; buoyed up by
the confidence of retptiied love, site bids 11 fond
and grateful adieu to tin: life that is past, and
turns, with excited hopes nnd joyous nnlicipa-.
lion of the happiness to come. Then wta; to
the man who can' blight such lair hopes—
who emi treacherously lure such u heart froiti
its peaceful etijnx incut, nnd tho watchful pro
lection of home, who can, enwardlike, break
the.illusions that hale won her, and destroy
the confidence which love lind inspired. Woo
to hirn who has too early withdrawn the len
der p/mii. from the prop* and stays of moral
discipline in which tslie ha* been nurtured,
and yet make no cflort to supply their places:
for on ram is the responsibility "I her errors: 6n
him who lias first taught her, by his example
to grow careless of iter duly, and then expos
ed iterwith a weakened spirit, nut) unsatisfied
in-art, on the wide storms and llto wily temp
tations of u sinful world.
Bkivark of Yawni.no—or, if vou must
jrnwn, don't gape too wide. A Mr. Slater,
of Curllon, dislocated his jaw bv yawning—
nr. in other words, he opened his. month so
wide that he could not close it again without
the nid of a surgeon.
A Sad Assortment or Husbands.——
There is n widow, residing in Southward.
Idnglnud, whose iii'st husband was u butcher,
thu second n inuiicr, the Inst n shoouiukcr.—
■Tiie man of meat almost starved Iter; the man
of leather used to hide her, uud tho man 'bl
shoos made her go barefoot.
In June, 1833, a milter received n sabre
cat at a public house, which completely am
putated his right car. Before ho left the house,
no picked up llto ear from tlte ground, and pul
it into his pocket ; tins was in tho nveuing.—
Bnrly in the following morning, ho sent to a
surgeon nnd showed ulm the ear, now cold
and somewhni crushed. The surgeon wash
ed tlte ear in spirits nnd wator, and made a
new edge to the wound of tho part Which tho
man still possessed, and to that of tho ear
which he had lost. After accurately fitting
tlte parts, lie knp"t them together by four sticlr-
es, und dressed ihem With adhestvo piasters,
compresses, and nn appropriate bandage.—
The day after some of llto dressings were re
moved, in order to tnnko Hurc that the parts
wore in contnct; tho point- of union was then
observed to be red; llto patient wus feverish
nnd had thirst and headache. In eight days
these symptoms' disappeared, and tic helix
begun to Assume its vital warmth; the lobular
extremity united tho first; tho other purls sup
purated, und granulations nppoured on the
enrtilege*. iu u little more kfura a motfrli, the
ciiirt! was complete: the patient’s right ear wgs
almost in the some condition ns the-left, nnd
ill that was remarked was mi eliplic liitaar-
eatrix t,t the point of union. Medical and
riurgicn/ Journal.
Whenever, (said Doctor Johnson) ehnnrc
brings within my observation a kfiptofyoung
Indies, busy nt their needles, I consider my-
li Its III thejsehoul of virtue, and though \
•ivtMin cxltiiortliunry skill in plant work lit
iil.ii'oidcrv, I look upon their operations witlt
. teach Riitisft'tp.titm ns their governoRi., be
cause I regard them ns providing n-snnetunty
. insi the most dangerous insunrers of the
ltd, by enabling them to -exclude idleness
from tl'teir solitary moments, and, with idld-
ness, Iter attendant truin'of passions, fiutcies,
chimeras, fears,sorrows,arid desires.
Pittsburgh is the largest manufacturing city
iu tho West. The following is.a list nt iter
mantifacturies:
There aro in tho city of Pittsburgh, 16
• Foundries nnd Engine Factories,’ of the
largest douomiunlum, besides numerous oilier
nslnblishihents of less magnitude.
There aro 1) ’ Rolling Mills,’ cutting 2 Inns
of Nails, and rolliug 8 tons of Iron per day.
on tho average, and employing from 70 to 00
hands each.
There are 0 * Cotton Factories,’ with an ag
gregate of 20,001) spindles, 116 power looms,
and 770 hands. ' . •
6 extensive • Whito lend Factories,’
SuxtunBivo‘Breweries,’hcstdcssmalloroncs,
6 ‘ Steam Saw Mjlls.’
3‘Steam Grist Mills.’
10 extensive ‘Gloss Works.’
Upwards of one hundred steam engines in
full operation.
There are, moreover, innumerable estnb
lishmente for tho manufacture of Ploughs.
Timber, Wheels, Scrowaof all kinds, Saddles,
Machine Cards, Bells, Brass Work, Locks.
&o. &c. all manufactured oxtcnsivoly for
exportation.
DllKAPFtIL DHSTRUCTION OF i;FE.—Hell-
sonia stales, that of2.000.000 Indians of Ills'
pnniuln (St. Domingo or Ilnyti.) xyh'eu dis
covered by Columbus in 1-102, not more titan
130 were nlive in 1545. Tint Indians in Cu
ba, to avoid working in tho mines, destroyed
themselves in grout numbers, notwithstan
ding nil tho cHin ts of tlte Spaniards to prevent
them. Tito men. women, tmd children of a
village containing fifty houses, have been
found nt day light all 'hnnging on tho trees I
In the Jamaica and Trinidad chapters, will
be found illustrations of the ernol treatment of
tlte Intiians by the Spaniards, who absolutely
fed tltoir dogs on tlte flesh of their fellow
creatures, whom they shot or slew when ilteir
bodies were required.
The advances iu modern science scent like
ly in n few years to luy steam 1 tower •* upon
tliu shelf." ‘Electricity has been applied (in
Brussels, xvo think) wilh great success ns tlte
moving power to n locomotive engine: and u
French ch'einUt (Thiloricr) hns lately exhib
ited to tlte Academy, n liquid carbonic acid,
rupidly nnd cheaply produced, which lie pro
poses to apply to llto same purpose. The
expansive force of litis new substance is said
to be four times ns great us that of atmospher
ic air.
Tito citizens of New Orleans have held 11
meeting to take nteusures for establishing a
Kail Road from thut city to Nashville. (Term.)
The meeting it is said was largo uud respec
table. An address was delivered on the t>i
elision, by Judge While, which is pubiishoJ
m ini.- Bulletin of Saturday lust. A commit
ttv of twenty persons has been appoint, d iu
receive subscriptions, iu furlhoiunce of tin
ptojCel.
lOLfl'IUL
*
V*
Tnr. following extract ft >m the Message, is
all that the President has lesigned to say, in
relation to tile aflbirs of tin Post Office estab
lishment. The Chief Mr^istrate is necessa
rily compelled to rely on [the reports of Mr.
Barry, for such infotmation as I10 thus com
municates to his fellow-citizens, and time a-
iono can tell, whether these reports' are true
or false. If true, '.lie esiabli- tiiuenl muyy'ci
nt^ji i!
C TOBt I
incumbent, and regain the^Ei confidence ol
1 lie Country: if false, some future committee
may possibly, ij permitted, make such exam
ination. as will dcvclope the extravagance
and corruption of litis i tit; nrtant department
of the Federal Government.
It-will bo seen, - that tho President recom
mends a re-organization of the deportment,
no us to prevent id future that “Executive
control and individual discretion,” which litis
brought its aliitirs to the very verge of bonk-
ruptcy. Of the particular plan suggested, we
have nothing to shy; it seems to 11s, however,
to lie un insult upon the long abused patience
of the people, to talk about checking and bal ■
liineingllie accounts of an officer, wltose pre
decessor required no such restraints. Is Mr.
Barry incapable of managing the Concerns of
llie Post Office ? If so, why is lie kept in of
fice 1 Must Iwn or three other officers be ap
pointed in aid the weak head, end probably
wenker heart of the incumbent 1 Shame up
on the Exceutivo. Turn the .creature out, and
put in n mail whose ability and honesty, will
justify nt least a reasonable expectation of
better management. This is tlte reform re
quired; and until this is done, tlte legislation
of Congress, nnd the appointment of other of
ficers, will provo worse than useless, in ar
ranging the affairs of this complicated and tie-
ranged establishment-
The report ofthe Postmaster General here
with submitted, exhibits the condition mid
prospects of that department. From that doc
nmeni it appears that there was a deficit iu the
funds of tho department, nt the commence
ment of the present year, beyond its available
means, of threo hundred arid fifteen thousand
five hundred and ninety-nine dollars and nine
ty eight cent's, which on tile first of July last,
had been.reduced tu two hundred and sixty-
ejghuhimsnritr ninety-two dollars'and seven
ty-four cents, it appears, also, that the rev
enues lor the coming year will exceed the ex
penditures about two htmdred and seventy
thousand dollars, which, witlt the excess of
revenueWhich wilt result from the operations
of the current hull’ year, may bcexpectcd, in
dependently of any increase in the gross a-
motint of postages, to supply the entire deficit
before tho end of 1835. But as this calcula
tion is bused on the gross amount of postages
which had accrued within the period cnihra-
ccd by the times of striking (lie balances, it is
obvious thut without a progressive iricrenso in
the amount of postages, tlte existing retrench 1
ments must be preserved in through the year
1836, that the department may accumulate a
surplus fuiid sufficient to place it in a condi
tion of perfect ease
It will botibscrvcd that the revonnes of. tho
Post Oflico Department, though they have
increased, anil their amount is above that of
any former year, have yet fallen shore of the
estimates mure than n hundred thousand dol
lar's.—This is attributed in a great degree to
tlte increase of free letters growing om ofthe
extension and ubiiBe ofthe franking privilege.
Tltore lias been a gradual iricrenso in tlte num
ber of executive offices to which it has been
granted ;,mtd by nn uct passed in March, 1833,
it was extended to members of Congress
throughout tho "whole year. It is believed
that u revision ofthe lnwsrclative'to the frank
ing privilege, witlt some exactments to enforce
more rigidly the restrictions under which it
is granted, would operate beneficially to the
country, by enabliug tho department nt un
earlier period to restore tho moil facilities that
have been withdrawn, and to extend them
more widely ns tlte growing settlements of tho
country may reqtii.ro.
To a measure so important in the Govern
ment, nnd so just to our const intents, who ask
no exclusive privileges for themselves, and
arc not willing to eonccde them to others, I
earnestly recommend the serious attention of
Congress.
• Tiro importance of tlte Post Office Depart
ment, anil tho magnitude to which it has
grown, both in its revenues nnd in its opera-
iinus, vteem to demnnd its re-organizntion oy
law. Tlte whole of its receipts und disburse
ments have hitherto been left entirely to Ex
ecutive control, mol individual discretion.—
The principle is ns sound in relation to’this
nslnuny oilier department qf tho Govern-
ttienf, that ns little discretion should be conte
(led to the Executive-officer who controls it,
us is compatible, with its efficiency. It is
therefore curueslly recommended that it be or
ganized with an auditor and treasurer 6f its
own, appointed by the President and Senate,
who shall be brauchcs of file Treasury De
partment.
Correspondence of llto Charleston Mercury.
Washington, Dec. 4th, 1834.
Much agitation issuing ou, I hear, in rela
tion to the next Presidential election. Judge
W hitc appears to be tlte lion of tlte day;—but
will it be for more than a day 1 Will he be
taken tip by the Whigs—supported by the
NulUfiers—and carry oft Tennessee, Alnbnm-
n, Georgia, Mississippi, and North Carolina
for Van Buren 1 Such arc the speculations;
wltm may- bo tho practical result, is a diHer-
eat nftitir. Upon lifts subject I shall probably
write you nguin, submitting toy views of the
political condition of the South, and thecourse
that it ought to ptusue in reference to the
Presidential canvass.
lit ray last 1 expressed the opinion that the
President's recommendation of a coercive pol
icy towards France, could lead to no practical
'result. 1 alu tiie more confirmed in thut opin
ion, having,’since then, heard tiie unequivocal
declaration of tho sentiments of so many
members, as leaves no doubt whatever upon
toy uftnd that he .will not be sustained in bis
warlike' aspirations, either by the Whigs of
the North, or the State Rights party of the
Soutli; and without their cd opi-rltliou, of
course, no legislation ou tho subject can be ef
fected. ; /
For returning, without his signature, tho
W;.basil Bill, the President certainly deserves
i!,i thunks of nil the opponents of internal
Improvements by the Federal Government;
and lie has given Ilia views of the system with
much more clearness in this Message, titan in
any preceding similar document. Oti a has
ty perusal, it strikes me that they will be found
corn et, uud substantially iu accurduuce wilh
lliusO ofthe citato Rights Party who the ex
ception pet haps uf tiie race and unintelligible
distraction he still persists in drawing between
the improvement* of riven Mow or atone*
ports 0/ entry. Did he act consistently upon j
the principles he now lays down, it would i
make little difference to him whether th'c char
acter of u Bill is national or local. He settled I
tlte local in the Maysvillc veto, and lie is now |
pledged against the national, unless tiie true
character of the works be designated, aqd the
(tower to construct than given to Congress by
an amendment of the Constitution. But “it-
meo Danaos”—after all lie had before said on
this subject, aud his subsequent sanction of
Bills upon Bills appropriating millions, we
can scarce trust him. especially when it is
probable that this infusion of Chute Rights
doctrine is ouly to woo Virginia and the South
in behalf of Van Bttreti ; and remember that
the mini who tints seemingly advocates State
Rights in one point, has attempted their total
immolation, and that lie has never given a
pledge which he has not violated, nor avowed
tt political principle to which lie 1ms adhered:
in . hort thut lie is altoccthcr governed by con
siderations of personal and party interest.
From the UIiarlcBtun Mercury.
By the Rail Itoad last nigut, we received
letters from Columbia, and the subjoined post
script ofthe Telescope, bringing the ugreeablo
intelligence that harmony is restored to the
State, and that the Union party have declared
their acquiescence to the adoption ofthe Outh
of Allegiance. The Repurl of tho Committee
of Federal'Relations, (published iu yester
day’s Mercury.) was the basis of this happy
reconciliation,''a report which, while it firmly
maintains the duty of Allegiance to the State,
and is perfectly consistent with the doctrines
of .the Slate Rights Party [assorting no more
than we have often anti strenuously urged in
this paper, viz: that tho Oath does not mili
tate against any obligations under the Federal
Constitution,]‘lias afforded to our opponents
an opportunity of honorable reconciliation.—
The Report was voted for, we understand, by
all the CliailcslouDelegation, with one or two
exceptions, and was cordially advocuted by
Gov. Ilayao, Messrs, yamilton, M’Duffie,
and many other of the most distinguished
members of the State Rights Party. We
have not time now to do more than repeat the
congratulation which vve yesterday otlercd in
advance, aud vve trust that there are few ol
any party of our fellow citizens, who will not
rejoice witlt us that the anticipation then-ex
pressed lias been so speedily realized.
The following is the postscript of tho Tel
escope :—
HIGHLY GRATIFYING INTELLIGENCE.
P. S.—Tuesday Evening.—VVe stop the
press, to announce tho welcome fact of the
withdrawal, on the part of our late adversa
ries, of all opposition to the Oath of Allegi
ance. The two parties have at last met, on
grounds of partial concession on each side;
but honorable to botli. Our friends held out,
to-day, in tho adopliou of the Report of the
Committee on Federal Relations, a frank and
kindly concession to the scruples of our op
ponents; which was accepted in the same
honorable spirit in which it was offered.
We refer our renders to the declarations, - >,
to Allegiance in the report itself, which has
accomplished u result every way so happy
for the Stale'. Upon its adoption, Col, John 1*.
Richardson, in tlte Seunte, and Mr. Philips
(of Chesterfield) in the House of lleprcsenta-
.lives, expressed, for themselves and their
friends, the. warm and cordial feelings >vilb
.which they met this proceeding. Gen. Ham
ilton replied lo tho forme? gentleman in that
tone of generous fecliug which becomes him.
so well. We will in our next, give the sub--
stancc of the remarks of these gentlemen, in
nearly theirown words.
Both putties hail, vve believe, with the sin-
eercsl jov, this termination of our long arid
most unfinppy discords. The most decided
cordiality seemed, almost in an instant, to
diffuse itself over the House -, in proof of which
vve need ouly to note tiie fact, that the elec
tion of Governor coming on immediately ulie
this event, Mr. McDuffio received tho almost
unanimous vote of both parties.'
EXTRACT
From tho Inaugural: Address uf Gov, McDuffie of
South Carolina.
. However they may be amalgamated in the
crucible of .tin executive proclamation, or of
speculative theory,, history bears testimony,
that the States are,-in point of fact, distinct
and separate communities, mutually indepen
dent of each other, aud each possessing tin
inherent nnd underived attribute of Sover
eignty. • Not only are they separated geo
graphically, and by n distinct and indepen
dent political organization, but thoy are still
more practically sepnraled’by the diversity of
their staple productions, creating a direct and
irreconcilable conflict of interest between the
exporting acid manufacturing Slates, as deci
ded as ever existed between any two indepen
dent nations, ancient or modern. It is, for
example, the undoubted interest,, ns it is the
sacred right of tho planting States, to ex
change lhcirstap.es for the manufactures of
Europe, free from every obstruction or incum
brance. It is the interest of the manufactur
ing States, to abstract, incumber, und even
prohibit this commerce of exehango, between
tho planting States and tiie manufacturing
nations of Europe; and because it is their in
terest, they have availed themselves of the
ascendancy of superior numbers, in tito fede
ral Legislature, to impose higii and prohibi
tive duties on imported manufactures, in viu-
Intiou of every principle of natural justice,
und tho most sacred of our constitutional
riglns. ' A mure vital opposition of interest
cannot well be conceived. But tlte full 'ex
tern and depth of the danger which impends
over the planting States, lias not yet been
disclosed, aud, delicate as tire subject is, I feel
it.to be my painful duty to present it distinct
ly to your view. Tho great agricultural stu-
ples of tiie planting States, are produced by u
species of-labor, peculiar to those States, and
cumiut'be successfully produced by any oth
er. It is demonstrable, thut cotton could not
be produced by the labor of hired freemen, for
double the qvcmgo.price it -lias enmmauded
for ton yoars past. As it is the cheapness on-
ly-of our staples of exportation’, that enables
us to import foreign manufactures cheaper
than they can be made by tUe American
manufacturers, it is obvious thut tlte abolition
of that kind of labor which is the basis of our
wealth and prosperity, would annihilate at a
single blow, that eatire branch of foreign com
meree, which brings the industry of the ex
porting Slates into com| ctition with that of
the munufacturiug States. Here, then, is
tlte deep fouudnliuu of our past oppression
and our future duugcr. The labor of hired
freemen,(unnot successfully contend wiihtho
labor of slaves; aud it has been openly avow
ed io Congress, by a distinguished represen
tative, ihul die labor of a Northern - freeman,
should uever bo put iu equal competition witlt
the labor of a Southern slave. Willi these
lucts before his eyes, can any Southern states
man, who is not blinded by seme strange in-
futuutiuu. contemplate the relative position f
tlte Southern States, without being, deeply
impressed with a sense uf their insecurity 1
Here is u cunllict ot pecuniary interest be
tween separate and distinct communities of
men, aggravated by the prejudices of a blind
f&uatacism against our domestic institutions,
on tiie putt of a targe portion of the people of
the Northern and Middle States. And shall
we, under these circumstances, fold our arms
in fatal apathy, and permit the Federal Gov
ernment to establish its supremacy nnd om
nipotence upon tire subverted sovereignty of
Sottllt Caroling 7 When we see that it is the
interest of titose States which control the op
erations of the Federal Government, toshack
leour commerce and'destroy our property,
shall Soutli Carolina prostrate the ensigns of
her sovereignty before them, and submit her
rights nnd liberties tn their magnanimity and
justice ? Let us not deceive ourselves, nor
vainly hope to avoid danger by closing the
eyes of our qnderstnndingagaitist the evidence
of its approaches. Howevet: melancholy the
fact may be, all history is but a bloody testi
moninl to establish it, that uo community of
men upon the face of tlte earth,- in any age,
or tinder any dispensation, political or reli
gions, evor hns been governed by justice -in
its negotiations or its conflicts wilh other
Slates. No, gentlemen, it is not justice and
magnanimity, but interest and ambition—dig
nified and disguised under the name of State-
Policy—that ever has governed, and ever will
govern masses of men. actingas political com
munities. Individuals may be actuated by a
sense of justice, but what citizen in any coun
try, would venture to contend for justice to a
foreign and rival community, in opposition to
the prevailing policy of Ills State, witliout for-
feiting tho character of a patriot ? Wo hab
itually speak of Roman virtue, and Roman
patriotism, as proverbial, and they are held
up, throughout Christendom, to the rising gen
eration as models for imitation. And yet, iu
every period of the. Republic, with scarcely
an interval, these virtuous and patriotic citi
zens were engaged in vexing tlte ocean and
desolating the earth, .by wars of plunder and
conquest. These are" not mere abstracted
truths and barren speculations, but they prac
tically illustrate tlte pceuliar and perilousc-o;r-
diliou of the exporting and shivn holding
States] as members of the great North Amer
ican confederacy, and demonstrate trie iinpc
rious necessity of rallying all parties around
the standard of Slate Sovereignly, resolved
in the spirit of our glorious inoitn—“ Animis
opibusque paruti"—to maintain and preserve
il untarnished, in every emergency null nteve-
rv hazard, as the last hope of Iruusufitlihg to
our posterity tho blessings of constitutional
liberty.
Tho entire legislation of Congress,.on the
conflicting interests of the planting and man
ufacturing States, lias been a war of commu
nities against communities, carried.oh by ma
king unjust and Unconstitutional laws, in
stead of fighting hazardous and bloody bat
tles. In this legislative warfare, I have seen
die truth of all that I have said as to the in
justice of communities,"acting as such, 'most
strikingly illustrated. I havo seen men of
high honor and unblemished integrity in all
the relations of private life, who would shrink
with abhorrence from the • perpetration of an
act of individual injustice, voting with an un
disturbed conscience for measures of legisla
tive piunde;; und though fully convinced of
their unequal and oppressive operation, it
•would huve been just as vain to think of res
training them by shewing their injustice, as it
would have been to arrest the march of a Ro
man army, by demonstrating tho injustice of
the war.
EXTRACT
From tho Mcaasgo of Uovomor Tazewell of Virginia,
The relations that subsist between this slate
and the Federal Government, which is tho
creature, and for many purposes tlte represen
(alive of all tho states, are, und over must bo,
of,a character die most interesting and impor
tant to each of these its creators, it may well
be.expected, therefore, that I should give yon
Some account of those relations. Should 1 do
so, however, I could only repeat tn you that
of which you nre already informed, through
all tiie same channels that have been opened
to me. I have nd communication.with any
of the officers uf the federal government, di
rectly nor indirectly, touching any matter of
tho least imporluttce to this Commonwealth.
No occasion has been seen to exist, believed
to require any such communication on my
part; and tho same cause, doubtless, 1ms in
duced a like silence on theirs. 1 will not,
liibrefurc, detain you wilh the mere repetition
of facts which you already kubw; but will
content myself in saying, that,while doctrines
the most dangerous to our free institutions,
when asserted by the Executive head of the
Federal Government, havo been met, contro-'
verted and disproved, by tho faithful repre
sentatives of the. states in the senate of the
United States, the demonstration of the errors
of such doctrines, has in.ho degreo changed
the practices they were designed to’establish
und to sustain. Some ofthe fruits of such
examples have already been exhibited, in the
principles avowed and proceedings tolerated
in some of theso Departments of that Gov
ernment, and in the' extravagant and partial
expenditures of all of them combined.
If il be true, as the wise have taught,.“ that
no “ free Government or tho blessings of lib
erty, can “ba preserved to any People, but by
a firm adherence to justice,- moderation, tem
perance, frugality, and virtue, aud by fre
quent recurrence to fundamental principles,”
there is much reason for the appreheusion,
that our destiny as n free and united people is
almost fulfilled. Nor can we look for any
redemption from this doom except to the hope
that the citizens of tlte different states respect
this article of their political creed much' more
than do 6oiiie of their Federal scrvnnts.
Whensoever the People shall give counten
ance to tiie new doctrines, that in such a Go
vernment ns this of the United States, the
greatest good of the greater number is to be its
sole end and aim; aud as a necessary conse
3 lienee of this, tltat iri a civil Contest nor cond
ucted in any spirit of hostility, the spoils of
the' vanquished minority belong to the victor
majority, the Federal Government, designed
by its reverend authors to provide for the com
mon dcfcnco and general welfare of all, ac
cording tn the provisions and limitations of
tho Constitution, becomes m once a simple
majority machine, nnd tlte' positive preserva
tion of the riglns ofthe states, will be but un
meaning words. At first, the actual riiinority
will be sacrificed to the uctual majority, but
soon the many in their turn, will bo made
to contribute to all the siuful lasts of tlte fa
vored few. An unprincipled Pretorinn cohort
wifi then bo enlisted, composed principally of
officers and expectants of office, ready to aea)
out power us of old, to the highest bidder; pro
vided sufficient largesses be distributed among
the privates, aud immunity for past crimes
aud continued participation in tho expected
plunder, bo.promised to tho leaders of this Pa
lace Guard. .
Millions of the public treasure, deposited
where none but the favored lew can tell; guar
ded (if guarded at all) by unknown contri
vances devised by tiie same heads; and dis
tributed, not in compliance with any prescri
bed rule of law, but according to the whims
or designs of those who claim the actual con
trol of 11,' hnvo contributed to derange die cii-
ciilaiion and to corrupt tlte currency of die
country. The natural effect of such a state
of tilings must be lo impair tiie credit of In
dividutus and (heir confidence iu each odier.
■ \ -r ; '-
• ' i -
From this must result the decline of i&Juitrj, *,
ind the prostration of nseful enterprise. Such ■
a condition canDot continue long, in qnies. It
is, therefore, the duty of the government"
which has caused it, and which alone posses-1
ses the means of remedying tho evil, *-> under- -<...
take its cure, speedily.
Philanthropy, ifnot blinded by Fanaticism,
must have discerned during the* late season of
distress!that pervaded tlte wboW community,
at least one blessing, the peculiar nature of
our population. Our labourite class have:
not fell the pressure of want. • The privations,
of this, havo here fallen upon those oniy whoj
could best sustain them. (While the indigent
though industrious laboring class in maoy o-
ther states,-have necessarily, home more than
a just portion of this artificial calamity, labioi
here has continued lo eri-oy accustomed com
forts. The diminution yf the profits of capi-l
tal has, in no degree, diminished the enjoy-J
ments of labor. Hence, tiie comparitive qai-l
et and happy tranquility throughout Virginia,!
amidst tho scenes of tumult and disorder
which havo agitated. some portions of the
neighboring Stater. - - t;
Correspondence of tlio Baltimore Ttitriot.
TIIE MEETING OF CONGRESS.
Washington, Nov. JR), 1834.
Again this city has become the theatre of
interest, again the eyes of a nation, hat
stretches from tho Gulf of Mexico to tlte Bay
of Fundy, from Madawaskaon the north-east
ern frontier to the dark and de p wilderness
of the far, far west, are fixed upon its rulers. I
T -e man from the cold and rocky north, and-j
he who comes from the sunny south—from
the land of the olive and orauge now wel
come each other, and every mail route, point--j
ing wherever it may, has brought or is Dring- I.-
tug hither the Representatives of a great peo- \
plu. I ever witness this spectacle with delight'
and enthusiasm, and I cannot but give an at- ;
lernuco lo the feeling. What a territoiy is
this that our flag floats over!—a continuous
territory too, not of colonies where armies are
needed to keep the people in awe, and when
the moving drum' and the red coat remind :
tho subject that a Government not of bis cre
ation'is felt and lias dominion there. What a
territory, indeed, and whose heart does not
exult at the spectacle of its assembled Re re-
'sedtalivcs—as .they come in from the Missou
ri, the Mississippi, the Red Iiivcr, from the
pine barren, die rich alluviafformatiotts, from
under the moss-grown trees of die south;—•
the rich and wide extended prairies of this
west—tiie magnificent lakes of the north—
.rom the thick busy humming population oT
New England—thatuniversalyahkeenation,,
present every where, in quest of every thing,
ambitious for all purposes, and faltering at
nothing. What a variety of interests and oc
cupations too these men' ^must represent ?—
Here, from southern Louisiana, comes the j "
representatives from tho land of sugar—and J
there, from the easternmost district of Maine* J.
.is he representatives from the land of logs
and lumber, and the fisheries, and though ho
may not boast of tho ruddj orange, yet he
can boast of the excellent potatoe..
Ilereis the representatives of cotton, rice
and tubacco, and then copies’ the man from
the music of the spinning jennies, and the
roaring of tho vjaterlall. Here is the ma gA.
from tho land of corn and wheat—and there
is a man from die land of his purchasers—tbie '<([■
producers of nations—from/ihein who hwbbyaip
their wits and ingenuity., Here is th(V guar
dian of a mighty commercial intertest, that
braves tho deep, and spreads the nudiooal flag
on every sea—and there is the son' of theltar-
dy yeomanry, the men of nerve -fond sinew—
with iron muscles—and of adventurous spirit.
Almost all tho multiplied plwtlactions of the
earth ate ours, so bryad is o«tr lino of longi
tude, so varied our lfitiMe-tetond here are their
Representatives assembling in one hall, ae-
knowledgingdneigqvernmtent, & speaking one
common language ! Tytenty-four States al
ready make up our . Cipnfeaeracy—and yet
there is ample territpry'»»f td-uost as many
more. The Old ThhteeR will more than see
ius number «'oubled be,forri another census.™
Michigan is already knocking ot our doors,,
claiming as a right, what we have refused as
a boon. Arkansas has al^ady come. Flor
ida is coming. And there j 8 the : North-west
Territory, already teeming Vvitli population.
And then there is the vast Missouri, to which
imagination can hardly fix a btfpnd. What a
public domain wo have! Ho^ vust, how
magnificently vast! What resources, that
outrun even vivid calculation, and s ajtonish
and mock at prudence ! What rivers,''that
make the European smile at his little rills ipr** 7 **
do indeed exult os tin American when I wit
ness the re-nssembling , of Congress—-and f.j
bless tho desttny that made me an American.
Anil if the p> oplo be kept intelligent—if edu
cation continue to win- its Votaries—if free- .
Schools but conquer prejudices, interest, and
ignorance—and, more than ail, if the Union t
be prospered by moderation in the General
Government, and tho laws bo administered
for tlte benefit of the whole, and not of « part,
then indeed a destiny awaits us, more exalted,
more instructing, .more sublime, than even
thatwhichaggrandized.and which now throws- fj
such a lustrous cloud over Rome, the mother
of Empires. ;
BOB SHORT’S MAXIMS.
If a young man changes his politics Jrom |
the strong side to the weak, at the age oftwen-'-s
ty-five, he may be safely trusted as au hon
est man, for ten years' afterwards.
Being on the weak side, if he maintain his I
political opinions at thirty-five, he may 1 bo
trusted for five years longer. If, at the end
of this time, ho still maintain- his opinions a-,
gainst tiie opinion of the majority, you may
trust him for'life, with bushels of diamonds;
and compute his worth at double the deposite.
Tito young triah who changes'from the
weal: side to the strong, at twenty-two, will
sell hitnselfforsix and a quarter cents, at thir
ty ; and will nut find a bidder- of this much,
at forty. If he change back again, at thirty. • •
(the parties being reversed) set the dog*, oa
him, if over you see him at preaching your
house—if they'll condescend to run him. '
No better sign of a base man, than that lie
is always will) tiie majority; no better sign ot
an boncst one, titan that Ho is always in the
minority.
Tho intelligent man who has no opinion
upon an exciting subject, is in the rogues school, -
aud will be sure to graduate with it’s first hon
ors. M I
Judge Crawford said, “no honest man 'over
changed his political opinions, after thirty-five,
(meaniug of course, from the weak side to
tho strong. He was in error. About one in
six milltuus does change at that age, honestly.
The young mnu who is a great electioneer-^,
er ut twe'nty-t tree, will be hung at thirty-’ -
'three, if justice be done to him.
The proportion of honest to dishonest polk
tieiaus, is, us one to twenty thousand.
He wboserves three years in the legislature,
without giving an unpopular vote, is pritna fa
cie dishonest.- r J
He who thinks, before he votes, bow his voto
will effect his coming election, mould be kept
at homo for the balanco of his life.
Amount of gold euiueo at (lie Mint ofthe U,
Status from August I tu Nov. 2D $3,114,0^-0,
• .•'"*! t- ' t\.