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° rTT .^AL DOCUMENT.
WiPOBT OF " rfB4E SECRETARY OF THE TR£a*D-
A\ 4>Jf THE FINANCES, &C-
In ol er A i ence t0 t jj e -directions G f th e a ct of Congress
® lOtH of Mj>y, 1800, supplementary to the
Art to establish the Treasury Department," the
•f^hcretary of the Treasury respectfully submits the
following reporta
' report
1. OF THE PUBLIC REVENUE AND EXPENDITURES.
The receipts and expenditures of the year
i840 were f»s follows;
The available balance in the Treasury
on the 1st of January, 1840, (exclusive
of amount deposited with the States,
trust funds, and indemnities, and the
amount due from banks which failed
in 1837,) was,, as appears by the oooka
of the Register ot the Treasury $3,6G3,083 60
The receipts into the Treasury during
*,he year 1840 were from—
Customs .$13,499,502 17
Lands 3,292/285 58
Bond of the Bank of the
United States 1,774,513 80
Miscellaneous and inci
dental sources 283,258 23
Banks which failed in 1837.. 74 a ,629 55
Treasury notes issued 5,589,547 5L
-25,187,736 84
Making $28,850,820 44
The expenditures in the same year were, fur—
Civil list, foreign intercourse, -
and miscellaneous $5,492,030 98
Military department 10,866,236 45
Naval department 8,031,088 68
Public debt 11.982 77
Add outstanding war
rants issued prior to l3t
January, 1841 1,416,334 23"
Treasury notes redeem
ed, including interest.. .4,045,902 05
7,863,475 41
Leaving a balance in the Treasury on the
1st of January, 1841, c,f ... .$987,345 03
The receipts from the 1st of January
to the 4th of March, 1841, were—(say)
From Customs* *1,974,836 4C
Lands ....386,149 56
Miscellaneous and inci
dental sources 31.349 65
Banks which failed in 1837 . .18,000 00
Treasury notes issued
per act of the 31at
March, 1810 1,110,611 08
Treasury notes issued un
der act of 15tli of Feb-
ruarv, 1841........ 673,681 32
Bond of tiie Bank of the
United States 17,913 00
4,212,540 07
M iking, with the balance in the Treas
ury, Jan. 1, 1841 5,199,885 10
The expenditures for the same period
were—
Civil list, miscellaneous,
and foreign intercourse.. $943,517 14
Military department 2,273,097 11
Naval department 759,349 60
Public debt. 3,612 70
Treasury notes redeem
ed, including interest... .*657,590 09
4,627,166
Leaving the balance in the Treasury on
tlie 4tli of March, 1841 572
The balances of appropriations outstanding
4th of March, 1841, were—(.Statement A)
Civil, foreign intercourse, ami miscella
neous $5,237.
Military 15,991
Naval 6,910,
Public debt 6,
Treasury notes issued prior to the 1st of
January, 1841, and outstanding on the
4th of March, 1841.... 3,373,
Do issued under the act of 1840, from
1st January to the 4th of March, 1841,
which may, and most ot which proba
bly will, be presented in payment ©f
public dues during the year L84L 1,11(7,
Interest estimated at about 300
718 46
on the
To wluclf add the «um recommended to
be kept in the Treasury to meet any
emergencies of the public service, viz... 4,000,000 00
Making an aggregate cf 9,051,388 SO
In another part of this paper the views of
the Department as to the mode of providing
for the above deficit, together with the resi
due of the existing pubhe debt, willl be pre
sented.
meutton which to form our judgement as to
the best and most convenient mode in which
the loan can be kept up, and the credit of the
Government sustained.
In the inception and during the progressive
employed for like purpose ; and, during the
remainder of the time, thejfuuds of the Gov
ernment have been kept ai l the finances ad
ministered partly by batiia and partly bv
□dividual officers and arimfs. The losses
From the year 1816 to 1837, aperiod of
twenty-one years, the revenues con
stantly exceeded the expenditures.—
The average annual surplus during
that time was £11,464,226 87, (set: ta
bles 1 and 2,) making an aggregate ex
cess of $240,748,764 27. Of this
there was applied to the extinction of
the national debt $208,792,127 44, and
there was under the provisions of the
act of the 23d of June. 1806, deposit
ed with the States $28,101,644 91,
aud there remained on the' 1st of .1 an
tiary, 1837, in the Treasury of the
United States, including the fourth in
stalment due to the States, a surplus of. 17,109,473 26
There were, also, outstanding debts due
and falling due to the Treasury, aris
ing from other sources than siio.-e of
the ordinary revenue, and which were,
paid between the 1st of January, 1817,
and 4th of March, 1841, the amount
of (see statement D) 9,124,747 00
There were, also, issued within that pe
riod, and outstanding on.the 4th of
March, 1841, Treasury notes to the
amount of. 5,648,512 40
Making the aggregate available means
which were in the Treasury on the 1st
of January, 1837, and which came in-
to it prior to the 4th of March, 1841,
over and above the current revenue-. .31,882,732 66
From which deduct the amount (less,
tire trust funds) remaining in the
Treasury on the 4tn of March, 1841.... 572,718 46
And there appears an excess of expen
diture over the current revenue of.. $31,310,014 20
It is proper to remark that the entries on
the books of the Register of the Treasury-
do not always show the true dates of the
receipts and expenditures. An item invol
ved in the above statement (table D) will
serve to illustrate this fact. The sum of
$542,136 47 was, on the 2d aud 31st of.Octo
ber, 1840, paid by the Rank of the United
States on its last bond to William Armstrong,
increase of a national debt, the issues of j sustained by State banks, ai depositories, du-
Treasury notes, though dangerous rmd de- | ring the first period of theit employment, ex-
lusive, have yet their advantages. They i tending from 1811 to lSlti. agreeably in a
need not be issued faster than the actual ■ statement prepared by-the Secretary of the
wants of the Treasury teqnire; trad the pnw- j Treasury in 1833, and revised aid tepub-
er to issue any given sum is, for all effective ' lished in 1837, were $1,000,576. in the hit-
purposes of immediate expenditure, a fund in ! ter period, from 1833 to 1837. thou jh no ne
ttle Treasury available to that amount. But. i iu?.l loss is believed to have occurrei. yet the
when the debt has acquired its maximum I Treasury and tiie country suffer*! iircon-
and ceases to accumulate, or when it be- j venicnce aud embarrassment from the fiscal
comes larger than the amount necessary to | arrangements with those uuiRrro'j .and dis •
be kept on hand to meet the current wants of j connected institutions. But, during the for-
the Treasury, these advantages disappear.— ; ty years that the two banks of tie United
This mode of loan then becomes to the Go- 1 States were the depositories of tie public
vemuient what the sale in market of new I money and the fiscal agents of th« Govern-
promissory notes, for the purpose cf raising | meat, no loss whatever was sustained, nor
money to take up old promissory notes, is to ! any delay or any expense incumrl in ti'.ns-
an individual. It is the issue of Treasury j mitting ot disbursing the public noneys, so
notes to take up other Treasury notes year far as the agency of those institution exten-
after year iu succession ; and, under those ' ded. Then, as regards the wants of the
circumstances, it is inconvenient and ex-I Treasury merely, the satetv of the pubic
pensive. J funds, and economy in their administration.
But the raising of the money by tiie issue ! experience has demonstrated tin superior
the discharge of McLeod were for the | No woman ought to be permitted to enter i 5 - - - '* ~ ,
Court of New York, in the first instance, not upon the duties of connubiality without being CitocKrrTsviM.K, US3e ,n - ' a "
the President of the United States to act I able to make a shirt, mend a coat, bake a[ Agreeably to previous notice, b portion o tteni
upon. 'His duty was to see that the demand I loaf of bread, roast a joint of meat, broil a ; rens of Crwkeiuv-JV, mi l its vleirnty, met « roc
of the British Government and all the doc- [steak, aud make a pudding. ‘ ettsville, on Saturday. the -9th of Mnv last, for w
aments’ connected with it should be brought ; : j pnrposc of making sciti-Ue arrnugemenrs fur the oetr-
properly authenticated before that Court, i A grocer advertises Muscovado molasses,; bratfon of-'fiie' sixty-fifth anniversary ot American Tn-
(wbicb ibe Attornev General had been already I‘as sweet as the last whisperings of a mor- j dependenc.-, when, on motion, Ygiiliam 8e!.~, Esq-
structed to do) and if the decision should j n ’pS • A man with such a poetical turn of . vvas rR ;; e ; -j ie Chair. and Thomas 8. Tate, reqiies-
he against McLeod, the ease could be trans- mind ought not to cram his genius into the ! ted to net r.< Secretary.
bung hole of a molasses hogshead. J Tlie c! i; „, „ f thc beieg- explained, <>'■ »
: - : C-’plain Jeremiah T.
on the country, the amount of new issues cy, its credit, its industry, and its commerce,
being involved with the payment of the old ; J are intimately connected with and dependent
while the People, and even those who ad- upon the financial arrangemen's of the Gen-
minister the finances, may not be impressed j end Government. If they be wise and bon-
with the important fact that a national debt j eficent, they indirectly, but efficiently, pro-
is created or in the process of creation. j mote those great interests of the People; if
Therefore, in the opinion of the undet- j constant aud uniform in their action, tliev
signed, when a national debt does exist, and ' give to those interests confidence amlstnbiiiiv.
must continue for a time, it is better that it j Since the removal of the public deposites
from the Bank of the United States, in 1833,
should be made a funded, debt, according to
our ancient financial usage. It is then shel
tered by no covor, and is the subject of no
del’, ion. It is open, palpable, true; the
eyes of the country will be upon it, and will
be able at a glance to mark its reduction or
increase ; and it is believed that a loan for
the requisite amount, having eight years to
run, but redeemable at the will of the Govern
ment, on six month
superintendent at Fort Gibson, by order of! tiated at a much less rate of interest than
the secretary of War. Though this sum | Treasury notes. Much expense would also
234 23
,895 15
268 69
,387 30
CU 08
000 00
Making in the aggregate $33,429,616 50
Of this there will be required fur the
services of the current year 24,210,000 00
Additional appropriations required by
die War Department forthe year, 1841,
Fortifications and works
of defence $1,435,500 00
For armaments of forti
fications and ordinance
stores 220,000 00
For payment of arreara
ges and current expen
ses, and taking care of
public property on
roads, harbors, rivers,
Ac 40,199 12
For arrearages for pre
venting and suppress
ing Indian hostilities 825,637 86
2,501,336 93
Making 26,731,336 98
The actual and estimated means un
der the existing jaws to meet these de
mands are, viz.
Tiie available balance in
ihe Treasury on the 4th
March, 1841—-—(See
statement B,) 64G.803 12
Treasury notes authoriz
ed under the act of
1840, issued after the
3d of March, 1841 413,592 73
Treasury notes authoriz
ed by the act of 1841 to
be issued after the 4tli
March, 1841 5,000,000 00
Receipts from customs
estimated at ,12,000,000 00
Kec’ts from public lauds .,2,500,000 00
Miscellaneous sources 170,000 00
20,730,395 84
Leaving unprovided for, of die demands
for the present year, the sum of. 6,000,941 14
There will also be receivable forpub-
lic dues in the present year, or payable
fa 1842, Treasurynotes the issues of the
present year, viz.
Issued under the act of
1841, prior lo the 4th of
March $673,681 32
Do. do. 1840, after the
3d of March 413,592 73
Do. do. 1841, to be is
sued after the 4th of
March, and included in
the estimate of ways
end means. 5,000,000 00
6,087,274 04
Making an aggregate of debt and deficit,
to be provided for in this and the en
suing year, of 12,087,215 18
This estimate is founded on the assump
tion that all moneys in the public de-
I rositories can be at once made availa-
ile, and that any and all of the de
mands upon the Treasury can be sat
isfied, so long as money to a sufficient
amount remains in any or all tiie de-
posittW.es. But that is by no means
the case ; while the power to issue
Treasury notes exists, there should be
at all times, forthe convenience of the
Treasury, a sum equal to $1,000,000
fa the various depositories subject to
draft. When that power is expended
the sum should be increased to not
less than
1,000,000 00
Which sum, added to the above, makes
the estimated deficit .$16,088,215 18
But (be undersigned l'eels itliis. duty to call
fKe attention of Congress to the more imme
diate demands of the public service, and the
means by which those demands are to be sup
plied.
The sums which will be required from the
1st of June to the 31st of August next are
estimated as follows, viz.
For the payment of Treasury notes
which will fall due within that time,
aud the interest thereon, about $2,756.900 00
Balance for taking the 6th census 29 *.000 OU
For the civil list, miscellaneous, and fo
reign intercourse 1,309.308 37
Military service ■ 4,591,099 00
Naval" do 1,844,000 90
Public debt 6,387 00
Expenses of the extra session of Con
gress 350,000 00
Jlakipg ebotit. 11,151,693 31
"The ways and mt-rs in rue power of
*b* Treasury, avd which will probably
aec ..e under existing laws, are as fol
lows !
': Funds in the Treasu
ry (as per Starr.-i!“ nt PL - $644,361 It?
2. Treasury notes author
ized by the act of 15th
of February, 1841.- 1.505,943 91
3. Estimated rec'ts from
the customs. 3,000,000 00
Do do dig
lands 700.000 00
Do do mis
cellaneous sources .....50,000 00
Making
5,900,305 07
And leaving* deficit of..........5,251,383 30
This item, and the item of expenditure for the
payment of Treasury notes ftom 1st of January to 4th
of March, 1841, include about $500,000 of Treasury
uoies which were received at the Department on ac
count of customs during that period, bnt for which the
warrants are not issued until a subsequent period.
was in fact received and expended on lliose
days, it did not find its way into the office of
the Register until the 4th of March, 1811,
on which day it appears on his books both
as a receipt and an expenditure.
Thus and to this extent, within the last
four years, were the expenditures pushed
beyond the amount of the revenue. They
were made to absorb the surplus itt the Treas
ury and the outstanding debts due to the
United States, so that the Treasury was, on
the 4th of March, 1841, exhausted of its
means aud subject to heavy aud immediate
liabilities. It was already burdened with a
debt incurred iu time of peace, and without
any adequate resources except the authority
granted by law to augment that debt.
As yet no provision has been made to re-
i duce this debt or to check its constant and
rapid increase. We find it, therefore, as far
as past legislation and financial arrangements
characterize it, a permanent and increasing
national debt. The temporary expedients
by which it has been sustained do not at all
vary essential character.
The attention of Congress is respectfully
invited to the necessity of early and effectu
al measures to prevent its further augmenta
tion. Tne obvious remedy is to increase the
revenue as far as may be without unreasona
bly burdening commerce, and to reduce the
expenditures within the limits of strict econ
omy.
But as it may not comport with the views
of Congress to go into a revision anil adjust
ment of the customs so long before the act
of March 2, 1S33, comes to have its final aud
permanent operation, the undersigned would
respectfully recommend, as a temporal)’
measure of the levy of a duty of 20 per cent,
atl valorem, on all articles which are now free
of duty, or which pay a less duty than 20 per
cent, except gold and silver, and the articles
specifically enumerated in thc 5th section of
the act of March 2d, 1833.
If this measure be adopted, it is estimated
that there will be received into the Treasury
from customs, in the last quarter of the
present year, about §5,300,000; in all of the
year 1842, about §22,500,000; and in the
year 1843, after the final reduction under the
act of March 2, 1833, about §20,800,000.—
The details of this estimate will be found in
the accompanying paper, marked E, and
enclosures.
It is believed that, after the heavy expendi
tures required for the public service iu the
present year shall have been provided for, the
revenues which will accrue from that, or a
nearly proximate rate of duty, will be suffi
cient to defray the expenses of Government,
and leave a surplus to be annually applied
to the gradual payment of the national debt,
leaving the proceeds of the public lands to
be disposed of as Congress shall think lit.
The general principles on which the final
revision of the tariff is to rest are perhaps
simple and easy to be apprehended, but the
work of revision itself, in its adaption and
detail, must be a work of time. It should be
done on calm reflection and careful delibera
tion, with a view to reconcile, as far as possi
ble, the conflicting opinions, and to promote
all the various interests of the whole People
of these United States. Aud it may be im
portant, in that adjustment, not only to re
ciprocate on fair and equal principles, and m
a liberal spirit, the concessions which may be
accorded to our commerce by foreign nations,
but also to do justice to our own citizens by
meeting in a like equal spit it any heavy ex
actions or prohibitions which foreign nations
may think fit to impose upon the importation
of our staple productions.
Some legal provisions are also required to
correct inequalites between the duties upon
sugar aud molasses, aud the drawbacks upon
refined sugar and rum, manufactured or dis
tilled from foreign materials. The relation
between the duty and the drawback was ad
justed by the acts of January 21st, 1729, and
May 29th, 1830, since which time the duties
have been dimtshed, while file drawbacks re
main the same. And a provision of law de
claring that all non-enumerated articles which
bear a similitude to any enumerated article
chargeable with duty shall pay the same rate
of duty with the article which it most re
sembles, would save a large sum annually to
the revenue, and prevent much annoyance
and litigation between the importer and the
officers charged with the collection of the
customs.
OK THE PVBT.'C DEBT.
But it is not expected that any modifica
tion of the revenue laws will be operative to
supply the immediate wants of die Treasury,
and to pay the debts which fall due in the
present aud in thc ensuing year. A furlher
loan is necessary to effect these objects, and
the only questions that t.m arise aie as to
the mode of procuring the loan, the charac
ter of the securities, and the assumed dura
tion of the debt.
It would, in the opinion of the undersigned,
be unwise to chaige upon the commerce or
the resources of the country, in any form,
the burden of paying at once, or all hastily,
the national debt. Before that is done,
measures of restoration aud relief are re
quired. The currency of the country should
-> restored, and commerce and industry re-
jT . j ~ -«n their present state of embarrass-
ItV0 , a .r, “ssion, and a benign andliber-
ment ana acpi^ - ’ . „ s , ...
al policy on the pa. ' t!ie Genera. Govern
ment should call forth tU ee more the hardy
industry and active enterprise 0U1 people,
and the vast resources of our coud’ij-
If we assume the period of from i> v e to
eight years as that iu which this debt can be
paid witlioilt inconvenience and embarrass-
meat—and the fin*? appears to be slmrt
t we have of the most es-jfeiiai ele-
the Government has had no permanent fiscal
agent and no definite financial svBtcm. All
has been experiment, transfer, and change.—
The business of the country has yielded to
the unsteady, impluse, and moved forward
with wild ii regularity ; atone time stimulated
to excessive action, at another sunk into le
thargy. And, in providing for the wants of
notice, could be tiego- j the Treasury, it is surely important lo look,
also, to the wants and the welfare bf the
community, from the product (if ;vJ.»se in
dustry the Treasury is supply.
And as regards those great interests, we
find the testimony of past tears is no less
distinct and strong iu favur ot a moneyed in
stitution chartered by the General Govern
ment, and possessed of its confidence and
credit. The period embracing the last leu
years of the existence of the late Bank of the
United States as the fiscal agent is fresh iu
the memory of us all, and is looked back lo
as a period of great public ptosperity; and
though other causes did, doubtless, co-operate
to produce that favorable condition of things,
yet one of the governing principles on which
depended the steady advnuceof the country
iu commerce, in industry, and in substantial
wealth, was the existence of a fiscal agent
be saved in dispensing with the machinery of
the issue and payment and cancelling of
Treasury notes.
It is therefore respectfully recommended
that a sum sufficient to pay the debt at pres
ent existing, and such as will necessarily ac
crue in tills and the ensuing year, be raised
on loan for the time, and on the condition
above suggested.
OX KEEPING' AMD DISBURSING THE PUBLIC
MONEYS.
The undersigned would also respectfully
invite the attention of Congress to the pres
ent mode of keeping and disbursing the pub
lic moneys ; and also to the subject of the
creation or employment of a fiscal agent to
be charged with the performance of these
ter red to i lie United States Court by Writ nf
Eiror; Even then howevet the Executive
could not interfere—the Court must act ac
cording lo law. But the President holds the
avowal of the destruction of the Caroline as
an act of the British Government, to be a
valid defence of McLeod and to be tree
him from ail legal responsibility for his share
in it, and Mr. Fox is again reminded that
though the subject had been long before to
.the notice of the British Government no sttcb
j avowal was made till after -the indictment of
j McLeod. So much for the legal part.
•Mr. Webster's comment upon the epithet
! "pirates” applied by Mr. Fox to the Amen-
| can citizens who invaded Canada, is peculi
arly rich- He hints at the bare possibility
! that the British Government might find it, in
the long run, best to use words with their
proper meanings—he insists that the disturb
ance in Canada was a civil war among British
subjects; that it was so regarded in the Ihii-
ted Grates; that the aid of our citizens was
invoked by one of the parties against the
other, and that such interference, hnwi ver
unlawful and wrong, was not piracy nor bore
any analogy to it. The British Gtjverr.maht
ctiull not so have esteemed it, when on ma
in occasions, they had allowed their citizens
to ei.g-rge in such enterprrzcs, anti had even
permitted regiments to be enlisted, armed,
and disciplined within their borders, for the
purpose of helping nations with whom they
were at peace, to settle their civil contests.
The insinuation in Mr. Fox’s letter, that
the government of the United States had
| “penuilted'’ tiie “British rebels and Ameii-
! can pirates” to organize their invasions wtth-
j in our territory, is repelled, without asperity,
j but resolutely, and with a calm dignity that
speaks well for the manhood of President
Tyler, it is claimed for the United States,
that it was the first among nations to recog
nize and establish by law, that the duty of a
neutral people was to forbear all interference
in the contests of nations with whom it was
at public peace—that it has enjoined that du
ty and enforced it by penalties upon private
citizens, from a very early period of the Re
public—that this Government has never tie
Coi.rvi-.us. (4a. June 13, 1841. i ti«a, * comm-itee of three,
His Exoblbexct wilt'find enclosed n five dolls; ; Cloud. Joi.a Hegar, Esq. and Major Samuel N. Harr,
note ot" die Bank o! Columbus, regularly protested, i were •’i>po : 'it».i bv the chair to 'select an Oratorfbr tlio
according to law aud r«o my affidavit tai. 1 J d K^J.er of the Declaration Of Independence.
It is earnest.^ au8ire;l that yor.r Excellency vul (
j proceed forflivWih to issue xour scire fawns u?ai;t.«t 1
said bank ; mid it you are not properly informed, you i :
v-iil
ird me the necessary
nply, and also proceed
paA ing banks of this
ase be so k:ad as to lb
form, ami I will iiumediateJv i
in havitnr ihe other non spee
ch v, protested, «kc.
As I shall have the enclosed pretest, affidavit,
published in the Columbus JSmfHifer, your Lxceden
| cy can reply tome privaicu or •' ui medium.
ibespecttully, MKN11.Y T. (1 h EKN Yv C»OD.
• To his Excellency, Char:os J. MclAmaid.
vere appoint!
lay, arVd Render of the Declaration <
■rho, nfier tearing a few miemes, made the Following
elections, xiz : Thomas M. Kemp, orator ol the tiny.
■ of the declaration of
United
states of America,
tate of Georgia.
hfth day of June, in the
Be it known, that on thr
‘ year of cur Lord one thousand eUht hundred and i .
' forty-one. at the special request of Henry T. Greeu-
j wood, 1. David Hudson, of the city of Columbus. No-
j tary Public for the comity of Muscogee, in the »ie
1 of Georgia, by lawful ttuthoray duly nd'nitted uud
j sworn, presented the original bank note hereunto at-
i lacked under my notarial se.-d, being of the deuomba a-
* tion of live dollars, at the counter of the E mk of CV>-
i in mb us. and demanded of the Teller payment for the
J same in specie, which be refused, saying, *• We are
‘ not payh g specie.’’ And tiie said lie ary T. Green
wood requesting me to. protest, and 1, f!.t* add Nota
ry, at such request* have protested, and by these pre
sents do solemnly and publicly proiea*, well agiiust
the Bank of Oolomhtia,. as Against ail those whom it
doth or may concern, for ail Exchange, Jie- Exchange, !
Costs, Damages and Interest, suffered and to be suf i
fet ed for the want of pavmeiu of tiie add Bank Note. I
Thus done and protested, et Columbus aforesaid, in i
the County and State aforesaid, tiie Midi I
Y Jay ot .Tune. in the year ot’ a:ir Lord one >
i* thousand eight hundred aud forty-one.
) Testimonium Vo that is,
D. HUDSON, Notary Public. j
X vlr i-arf t-st-f lrA -At ~ J
; and William F. Haynes, rea-.Ie
independence.
| On motion, a committee of f*ve, viz: Thomas M.
Keinp, Esq. Dr. S. S. Andrews, "William P. Iiaynes,
William D. Hargrove, and Thomas S. Tate, was up-
; pointed to draft Toasts ior the occasion. The fbllow-
1 ing persons were thereupon appointed as superimend-
; ents of the Farbecue to be given on that day, viz:—
! John ifegar.-'David Bid.op, Marcus 1). Vance, N. J.
McGchce, N J. Caldwell, and John KtrkJy. Cum-
ittee of invitation—Major Henry Lloffit, Captain J.
T. Cloud, iVjqjor S. M. Barr, II. B. Green, Esq. Dr.
Ih E- Park. Major W. F. Gibson, Hugh McClain,
Esq. nod Wiliiafn Brazil
On motion, the meeting adjourned.
WILLIAM ~i?ELL3, Chairman.
Thomas 5. Tate, Secretary.
June 16. (T. fc$.T)
HATS! HATS!! HATS!!!
Gent's white and colored Leghorn Hats ;
C hbdretfs do. do. do. do.
Drub and black Reaver do.
Drab and black K,us<*«*
Moleskin lieu vex*
Satin Beaver do.
Youths’ Drab, Plain and Xapt do.
White and Vuringated Palm Leaf do.
At the sign of the hi; -* I Fa?, one door below the En
quirer Office. JAMES T. Ei'PINGEKW Co.
Columbus, June 15. 25-tf
do.
do.
and other duties. The subject is one of established by the General Government, and
great importance, both to the Government ! charged with the equalization of exchanges,
and to the community. Such agent Or de- j and the regulation of the currency.
poMtory ought to unite, m the highest praeti- i In the present condition cf our countiy,
cable degree, the safety of the public funds, the relief to be anticipated iom such an in-
and convenience and enconomy in their ad- stitution cannot immediate, |>ut must be the
ministration; and it should, if possible, be ~ r rr,, '~ 1
so selected or framed as to exert a salutary
influence over the business and currency of
the country.
The inode of keeping’ and disbursing the
public money, provided by the act of July
4, 1840, will be found, on compaiison \\fib
that heretofore chiefly used by the Govern
ment, eminently deficient in all these essential
requisites. The financial history of the
United States, especially for the last twelve
years, furnishes abundant proof that the
public money is unsafe in the custody of in
dividuals, and that their official bonds are no
sufficient security for its safe-keeping and
faithful application. Within the period
above named many receiving officers connec
ted with the Treasury Department have be
come defaulters to the Government. The
agregate loss from that cause within that
period, as shown by the books of the Depart
ment, amounts to $2,620,500, but a small
part of which will probably be recovered
from their bonds. It is true that, in nny
system which can be adopted, some part of
the public money must, in the process of
collection, pass through the hands of indi
viduals, and be subject to their defalcations;
but thc act of July 4, 1840, extends and
continues the risk beyond thc period of col
lection, atitl it subjects great masses which,
in the fluctuations of commerce, sometimes
accumulate, to the same dangerous custody.
Not only is the public money in the hands
of individuals 1 more exposed to loss from
ordinary defalcations than when deposited iu
a well-regulated bank ; but the Government
is also liable to the risks of fire, robbery, and
other casualties, occuring either iu deposite
or transmission, from which it is entirely pro
tected when a well-regulated bunk is the de
pository and fiscal agent.
The present system is also, in many res
pects, cumbrous aud inconvenient. Its ten-
the disbursements of
work of time. The businessol the country
would, however, in the opinion of the under
signed, steadily and certainly revive under its
influence - .
In whatever point of light the undersigned
is able to view this subject, lie is irresistibly
led to the conclusion that such fiscal agent,
so framed as to possess those important func
tions, is alike essential to the wants of the
Treasury and of the community. Such an
institution should be framed with deliberation,
for it must have high duties to perform, and
extensive interests to protect and promote ;
and it shoo'd be granted with care, for it will
be liable to great and dangerous abuses. As
the fiscal a^ent of the Government, and an
effective regulator of the currency iu a wide
spread community, it should be steady and u-
uiforrn in its action, and fixed and stable in
its character.
The undersigned has no tloubt of the power
of Congress to create sacl an institution.—
Experience has proved its necessity to carry
out other expressly granted (towers; it has
been exercised and recognised by the Legis
lative and Executive depar mentsof the Gov
ernment during four-fifths of tiie whole pe
riod of our national existence, and it has re
ceived the uniform sanction of our highest
judicial tribunal.
Yet that power has been questioned by
many wise and patriotic statesmen whose o-
pinions are entitled to consideration and res
pect; and in a measure life this of high po-
politieal import, which, il wisely conceived
and cordially concurred it, must have a gieat
and enduring influence ou the prosperity of
the country, it isimportau , as far as possible,
to obviate objections and reconcile opinion.
If such and institution can be so conceived
in principle and guarded in its details as to
remove all scruples touching the question of
constitutional power, and thus avoid the ob
jections which have been urged against those
heretofore created by Congress, it will, in the
j: -J No. 870. (Vignette.) F. FIVE.
«Clic iSiudt of v oiumtus,
^ Promise* to pay FIVE DOLLARS to T. S.
$ Martin, or bearer, on demand;
% CoLI’MliDS, Ga. r Jau’y I, 1330i
J A. B. Davis, CasUT. £
J Seaborn Jones, Pres’t. *
State of Georgia, Muscogee County.
1 Personally appeared before ice, John J. McReu-
| dree, a Justice of the Peace in the county and Stai*
aforesaid, Henry T. Greenwood, wiio be
Zorn saith, that lie has lately, to-wit, on the liltii inst. } j u |] ie 3allie stages of Education. Tiie Extuniuatio!
tne month oi June, (‘841) presented tor payment in j w0 ^ conducted with candor and honesty, and designed
the teachers to exhibit th* knowledge
- ... UIUUVUM had of the priuriples of learning and
uica-w was telused by said Bank. Deponent saitu that ‘ ac j ence .
ia consilience ofseid refusal of payment, lie caused j ‘ At t ij n e j ose c f t ) 10 Examination, twelve or fifteen
COLLINS WORTH INSTITUTE.
.t 1 JTJHE Committee appointed by the Board of Trus-
j J tees of Coliiaswui th Institute, to attend the Ki-
7 j animation which has just closed, would submit the tbl-
J [ lowing ns their report:
i ! The Students were examined in English Grammar,
2; ’ Geography, Arilbnietiok, the Latin ami.Greek iangua-
•t j ges. Algebra, Geometry, Survesing, Chemistry, aud
4* the other hr .niches taught in our hfaji s hoots, the fix
I animation continuing two days. During that time the
: committee had the very best opportunity of testing ti e
j precise acquaintance of eacn Student with the braneh-
I es upon which lie was t summed,ami we have no hes-
, , itaucy in sayiug^That, that acquaintance was. as nceu-
lU v J rate and thorough as we have ever kuown manifested
parted from that policy, never intermitted the ; specie, at the counter of the Bank of Columbus, Cn. I () , t t j le j- ;irt 0 f t |,
enforcement of those laws. That they have 1 * um * JUS| Georgia,^ a note ofyaid Bank, ot which pay- ] t(, e Students hat
been occasionally broken through, is no mor
than may be said of any laws iu ally Govern- j ti be protested a note of said Bank for tiie sum of five I
deucy is to centi
the public moneys at some of the Eastern opinion of the undersigned, produce the hap-
cities, chieflv at new York. That being the j piest results, and confer lasting and iuportant
ment, and that a Government whose policy
it is' to keep itself from the danger and op
pression of largo standing armies, was not
able ou ihe instant to control an excited bor
der population along a frontier, extensive
enough to divide the continent of Europe in
halves, is neither wonderful nor any proof of
bad faith. Vigorous measures were taken—
former laws being deemed inadequate, a new
enactment was made to meet the emergency
—the military movements this side o! the
border were suppressed, and citizens known
to have been engaged in such unlawful do
ings, were severely punished. It must be
kept in mind too, that these disturbances did
not originate with us, but with British sub
jects, through whose agitation and solicita
tions our citizens were induced to join iu the
attempt to free a people who claimed to be
harrnssed and oppressed by a bad Govern
ment. Sir. Webster concludes this part of
the subject thus:
“ This Government, therefore, not only
holds itself above reproach, in every tiling re
specting the preservation of neutrality, the
observance of the principle of non-interven
tion, and the strictest conformity, in these
respects, to the rules of international law,
but it doubts not the world will do it the
justice to acknowledge that it has set an ex
ample not unfit to be followed by others, and
j that, by its steady legislation on this most
important subject, il has done something to
promote peace and neighborhood among na
tions, and to advance the civilizutiou oi man
kind.”
The British Government having justified
the destruction of the Caroline, Mr. Webster
points out to them some of the difficulties in
the way of making good the position—gives
them to understand what sort of case it is
incumbent ou them to make out. lint the
passage is so remarkable, both for pow er and
beauty that we quote it at length.
“ Under these circumstances, and under
those immediately connected with tlie trans
action itself, it will bejlor her Majesty’s Go
vernment to show upon what state of facts
and what rules of national law the destruc
tion ol the “ Caroline” is to be defended, it
will be for that Government to show a neces
sity of self-defence, instant, overwhelming,
leaving no choice cf means and no moment
for deliberation. It will be for it to show, also,
that the local authorities of Canada, even
supposing the necessity of the moment an-
($5,00) dollars; and he further saith, in A m prestr t
iiiir for payment said note, he did not net ;is tiie agent
of any Bank or any Broker, ibat he is not himself a
Broker, or the agent of any incorporation whatsoever,
and that said five dollar note was at the time of its pre
sentment as aforesaid, and now is bunatide the proper
ty of Henry T. Greenwood.
Sworn to and subscribed before me at Columbus,
this fifrlt day of J une, 1841.
JOHN J. AJcKENDKEE, J. P.
HENRY T. GREENWOOD.
SL'ubie :
15
L2
141
14
14
3
11
great commercial emporium of the United
States, is the point at which funds are the
most valuable, and, therefore, the most
sought; hence those who are entitled to pay
ments out of the public Treasury claim
them there. It is true there is a general dis
cretion in the head of*the Department to re
fuse or grant the favor ot such payments ac
cording to its convenience; but-when the
cutrency is deranged, and the premium on
exchanges is high, this discretion involves
discrimination to a large amount among
creditors equally entitled. It then becomes
a dangerous discretion, and one that ought
not to exist. But under the present system,
it cannot be avoided, save in a few cases,
without discharging every public liability at
the most favored point. This would at once
centre all the disbursements at a few of the
Eastern cities, and involve tiie Treasury in
the risk of expense of transporting the public
funds from the various points of collection to
the places of disbursement.
An item of less importance, but still wor
thy of consideration, in settling on a perma
nent and economical arnangement, is the
benefits oa the country.
The undersigned, therefore, respectfully
recommends the creation of ssch fiscal agent,
and the repeal of the act of July 4, 1840,
providing “ for the collectioi, safe-keeping,
transfer, and disbursement of the public re
venue,” except the penal provisions thereof,
which will probably require revision aud mo
dification.
All which is respectfully submitted.
T. EWING, Secretary of the Treasury.
Treasury Department, June 2, 1841.
From the Charleston Mercury.
DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE.
We. have read with interest and general
satisfaction thc exchange of civilities between
Mr. Fox and Mr. Webster touching the liber
ation of McLeod. Mr. Fox’s letter bears
date March 12th. It announces that the
previous correspondence had been under
the consideration of her Majesty’s Govern
ment and that the purport, tone and language
of his own communications to Mr. Forsyth
had met the entire approval ol liis Govern
ment. lie is instructed to make again in its
name a formal demand for the immediate
direct expense ot the present system, mclu- j rd McL eod, and states that while the
dmg the cost of the btuldmgs for the depos- , cWe )st , h;lt n of being concern-
tte ol the public money, and the salaries of { e(] (h » dRStmclj ‘ n of the Caroline is not
admitted to be well founded, tiie demand for
mem
euough-
but because tiie act was a public act of the
British Government aud the persons concer-
ed in it in no wise responsible. The British
but efficient aid ia
regulatinu
the officers aud their clerks who receive and
disburse it. No portion of this risk, iucon- t , . ,. n thm n,i.
, . his liberation ism no soi t matie cp mat ground •
vemence, or expense need to be incurred!. . . t, P ’
where a well-regulated bank is made the fis
cal agent.
But the present system is also, in the , ^ the deduction of thc
opinion of the undersigned injurious to th e necessary act of self defence’
business and currency of the country. In- ■ . , .
_ , c ^ a,_ „ i *i r 10 protecting tlicn teiritoi % from the mi
slead of peunitting the credit and the nnaa-i 1 . ,, i,. lll( j n f o r ~].
v 1 rx & „ , i .i • . j• j provoked attack ol a band ol Hritisn rebels
ces ot the Government to lend their indirect ! i * • - yimtpa u h-ivin*
™ rrf j and Americans Pirate*, \\ bo ; having been
i f ,, c e ‘ lC a . ! permitted to arm and organize themselves
. - *. e cutrency of the country, n j L ^ , . of S. had actually
brings into direct hostility those important ! ; d , & &c _ vil of whicn is pnt forth
interests In the progress of the system a rat £r dnJnatieaHv. In conclusion Mr. Fox
sufficient amount of gold ana silver to sup- 5 , J ,1,-, ,i, R TT nir „,i
i 1 . r 'r . * verv strenuously denies tnai tne unitcu
ply the wants of the treasury must be with- ^ Onvermueut cannot or ought not to
drawn from circulation and locked up j in S re mi nities that the country doctrine
vaults, leaving uo repwsentat.ve to sup^ytts wo Sfmcko U necessa.v for the British
place in the general cireulatioa. ■ „
. i Government to support twenty six 1 oxts,
A large amount, also, in the hands of those instead of one, in our territory, which we
who pay to or receive from the Treasury, is ! a V re e with » j- m would be [very unpleasant
equally withdrawn from general circulation, j to be eschewed by all means,
and made to flow through those channels The reply to this was delavtd by the sick-
alone which lead into and out of the public | ne s S andd-mh of President Harrison and was
coffers. The other avenues of- commerce i n Jt made till the24th of April. Mr. Webster
and intercourse are thus deprived of their] ; s instructed to sav that thotigl there is some
proportion of tiie precious metals'. j (j oubt as t0 t ] ie sort of interference deman-
&.rchais£c aud Uuui:
CORRECTED WEEKLY
BY DAVIS ck PLUME—EXCH. BIlOKEUf
EXCHANGE.
BiUs 0:1 New York at sight
“ Philadelphia, at sight....
“ Baltimore
“ llichmond
« Raleigh
41 Charleston
44 Savannah
u Augusta
44 Mobile
44 New Orleans
CURRENT -NOTES.
Bunk of Columbus
Planters 1 and Mechanics’ Bank
Chattahoochee Railroad and Banking Co
Western Bank of Georgia at Rome
Georgia Railroad and Banking Company ....
Centnil Bank of Georgia
Ruckersviile Banking Company
Bank of Hawkiu.sviiie
SOUTH CAROLINA NOTES.
Notes of Banks iu Charleston 11
6outli Carolina Country Bauks 10
Bank of Hamburg 11
Commercial Bank at Columbia il
s f crl*-pa ri so la nks.
Bank of Augusta 0
Mechanics’ Bank at Augusta *J
Augusta Insurance aud Banking
State Bank aud Branches
Brunswick Bank
Bank of St. Mary's 6
Central Railroad at Savannah 7
“ u Branch at Macon 6
Insurance Bank of Columbus at Macon ... .6
Marine and Fire Insurance-at Savannah .. .7
“ 4 * 44 Branch at Macon .7
Commercial Bank. Macon 6
Bank of Milledgeviile 6
Georgia Railroad Branch at Augusta 0
Farmers’ Bank of Chat'cliee—now Phtuuix.—
Ocmulgee Bank * 6
Alabama Money 2
Silver aud Gold H
U X C U RRE T E \ N K NO T ES.
Bank of Darien and Branches f
Monroe Railroad Bank and Agencies 407?'-*
All Florida Banks ...... 50S i
speeches were delivered- These reflected in* little .
credit upon their authors and upon the Institution
With two circumstances we were very much pleased:
one, that there were in the Institution no idlers or
drones, who were passing over the studies as a matter •
of form. Each Pupil seemed to place a high estimate
upon the importance and practical advantage of a tho
rough course of study. The other, that without asin-
g’e case of discipline, the Students have beonsrogular
ia their habits, orderly iu their conduct, diligent in
their studies, respectful to their teachers, aud so far
as we know, harmonious among themselves.
In conclusion, the committee would recommend the
Coliinaworth Institute t<» those parents who wish their
tons trained up with virtuous principles, cultivated
minds, industrious habits, and gentlemanly manners.
Perhaps we ought to say that our report is not ren
dered favorable from sectional or sectarian feelings*
us there is not one of the committee in any way con
nected with the Methodiut Episcopal Church. Our
design is to subserve the caur:e of education and mo-
ru'itv. F. F. MONTGOMERY,
J. B. GORMAN,
A. \V. SNF.ED-
E. C. MOYER,
JuneCO, *35 3t (’omtnittee of Examination,
tiy.. y
.... 6
— a
T HUN D UR! NO SPRING S.
rpiIE public are hereby informed, t!:at this place
will c Le prepared for ih&iaccommodation of •com
pany, after the fifteenth of June. We a fail ouraeLves
of this opportunity lo return thanks t > ourfnends ancl
former natrons, and would respectfully solicit a con-.-
tinuauce. As regards thc ei' i ;uey of thr waters, thojo ,
who hove tried them with a view to improvement^,
give satisfactory testimony; aud to those who hava
u.jt, we would say, come nnd try them. The locality
of this place will warrant fair a prospect for the
enjoyment of good health, as will that of any other
place iu the southern country. \\> pledge our Lest
efforts to render the sojourn of visitors agreeable.'—
Charges moderate. COOT,IRAN A McAFEE.^Q
P. dL—A few tents can b«s obtained by early appii-,
cation, lor those v lv prefer tent mg, to boarding with us.
Upson county, June 1G. 1^41. 25-Gt
DISSOLUTION.
NHE concern of Y r onge A Beall is this day closed
by mutual consent. Wm. P. Yc-nge is author
ized to settle its affair**, for which purpose only th«
T
M A K R 1 E D
At L. Wynn’s, Esq. cn the evening of the 2Gt!»
May, by the liev. Procter Willis, Dr. K. P. Wynn to
Miss M. E. Harper, daughter of Judge Harper, all
■ i • i *i ^ . . .i . • r of Auburn, Macon county, Alabama,
tiiorizeu tliem to enter the term ones ol the j ’
United States at all, did nothing unreason
able or excessive; since the act, justified
by the necessity ol self-defence, must be
limited by that necessity, and keep clearly
within it.
“ It must be shown that admonition or re
monstrance to the persons on board the
“ Caroline” was impracticable, or would have
been unavailing : it must be shown that day
light could not be waited for: that there
could be no attempt at discrimination he
tween the innocent aud the guilty; that it
would not have been enough to seize and de
tain the vessel; but there was a necessity,
OBIT U A R Y .
44 So fades a summer cloud away,
So sinks the ga.'c when storms are o’er ;
So gently shuts tiie eye oi day,
So dies a wave along the shore.”
Such was the peaceful and serene departure ofMrs.
Mania M arks, consort of Capt. K. M. Murks, of Lou
isiana, who died in this vicinity on Thursday evening
last, in the 36tli year of her age. The subject of tins
notice was an amiable and warm hearted member of
the Presbyterian Church. She came to Columbus in
very feeble health, with the hope of spending the sum
mer with the relations of her hiisband, and repairing
her feeble constitution—but her divine master has or
dered it otherwise: in ten days after htr arrival sue is
in the cold grave, the house of all the living; and her
present and inevitable, for attacking her, in j h»ppy spirit is gone to spend an eternal Spring amid
the darkness of the night, while moored to ; the society of purer and brighter ones than earthly
, . ... , j kindred. To those who witueased her happy death,
tilC shore, «md wlll.e unarmed men weie ; no word of consolation need to be Spoken. They heard
asleep on board, killing some aud wounding ■ the eloquent language of the departed one. as she
others, and then drawing her into the cur- f siood up?* 1 die banks of Jordan—as she gazed upon
rent, tibove the cataract, setting heron fire, ! tUe g lones ^ Heaven. They saw her duly caim-
. . ° , , | ness, her smiling countenance, lier sweet eerenitv, in
aud caieless to know whetlici there migilt | tLe dying hour, aud long will they remember the tri-
not be in ber the innocent with the guilty, or i umphuf her faith.
the iivibg with the, dead, committing het to XVeli might they h?ve enquired,
a fate which fills the imagination with horror. . “, Is thatadenfa-bed where faechrisdanlies7”
A necessity for all this the Government of .•« y e ../but nut hu-'s—'us death itself there dies.”
the United States cannot believe to have ex- 1 For several hours previous to her death, Mr3. M.
isted. I was fully conscious of lier situation. Calling her
“ All willsee that if such things be allowed I {v f' d C uue , at i: er aut !' he 5 to h ? r , side ’ f 5 * 6 , b8de '‘ he 1 m
. - j , i .ii j ; aiieLtionatelv Israv. ell; assureu them ti.at this was the
to OCCU1, they liugilt lead to bloody and ex- , happiest hour of her life—that God had removed every
asperated war; and wlien an individual pain iirn. her body, and dispelled errrv cloud and
comes into ihe United States from Canada, 1 mist that lay betwixt her aiV iieavea—and in the eto-
and to the very place on which this drama j ,ji ' d ^ h entreated tliem m meet her fa that
J 1 ' — Her love tor tiie divine Savior, bu t the
iiame of tiie firm will hereafter be used.
WM. T. YON'GE.
June 10, 23 4t JOSIAII BEALL.
75 DOLLARS ItEWARD.
rnHE subscriber, residing in Columbus, Georgia.
I lost, about a month since, a valuable negro man,
for the apprehension of whom in any secure jail so ,
that lie can 2'et bint, he will give twenty live dollars ;
and if the said negro man 1ms been decoyed away by
any white person, or been furnished with free papers,
(neither of which is improbable) be will give, in addi
tion, fifty dollars, if sufficient evidence of that fact be
communicated to him to ensure the conviction of the
guilty -person.
Said nemo is about 29 years, of age, of small stature,
and name3 Elije. He is believed to have never shav
ed, and his appearance, in consequence, is somewhat.
singular, the hair being long on his .upper lip. When
spoken to, he tdtnost invariably puts his finger to tho
side of l.is head, and scratches his hair, and his speech
is accompanied by a slight hesitancy. He has the
marks of a gun shot, just above the knee, in the right
thigh, it 13 thoiigli!; tiie bone was fr.ctured, and the
wound is still visible. The negro, when lie said any
thing about running away, which lie occasionally did,
mentioned Tennessee as the direction of his flight.
SAMVEL BOYKIN.
Columbus, Ga. Jane 10 25-2t
-1 i QUOTA, .MUSCOGEE COUNTY.—Whereas
fd ■ o
vJT Samuel W. Flournoy aud Julias 11. Glanp apply
for letters of Administration on tiie'estate of Benjamin
Walker, late of said county, deceased,
These are therefore to cite and admonish all and
singular the kindred and creditors of said deceased,
to he and appear at my ofiice within the time pre
scribed bv law, then and there to Hie their objections,
if any they have, why said letters should uot be
granted.
Given under tny hand this 12th day of June, 1841,
June 36. a , at N. McLEHTEB., c. c. o
RULE NISI.
Libel for Divorce, in Talbot Superior Court, March
Term, 1841.—Temperance White vs Simeon White.
I T appearing to the Court, on the return of the
Skciiif, that the defendant is not to l>e found, it is
therefore, on motion, ordered, that said defendant
appear, answer, demur or plead to said case, on or be
fore the last day of the next Term of this Court, or
that said case be considered iri default. And it is
further ordered, that a copy of this order be published
once a month for four mouths previous lo the next
Term of this Court, iu one of the public gazettes pub
lished fa the city of Columbus, in tnis Stale.
I, Charles K.Wynn, c sc. do hereby certify that
the” above is a true extract from the Minutes of the
Superior Court of Talbot county. March Term, this
11th June. 1641. CHARLES B. WYNN, esc.
June 16. (H.fSO.) 25-m4m
J
Within the fifty-two years during which
our constitutional Government has existed,
we have had, ior two periods of twenty years
each, a bank chartered by Congress as a de
pository of the public moneys aud as a fiscal
agent. We have had, also, at two intervals,
ded in favor of McLeod, yet the President
will not suppose that tne British Government
would ask of him to do violence to tbe
course of law ami to invade the jurisdiction
of the courts of justice in a Manner as little
consistent with the constitutive! ot Engined
was performed, and thuie chooses to make
public and vain glorious boast of the part he
acted in it, it is hardly wonderful that great
excitement should be created, aud some de
gree of commotion arise.
“ This Republic does not wish to disturb
the tranquility of the world, its object is
peace, its policy peace. It seeks no aggran- (
dizement by foreign conquest, because it i
knows that no foreign acquisition could aug- |
ment its power and importance so rapidly as j
they are already advancing by its own natural ,
growth under the propitious circumstances j
of its situation. 15ut it cautiot admit that |
its Government has not both the will aud the H 0 N H
power to preserve its own neutrality, and to
enforce the observance of its own laws upon
its ovvn citizens.
It is jealous ol its rights, and among }
others, and most especially, of the right ol i
j the absolute immunity of us territory against ;
aggression from abroad ; and these rights r
is the duty and the determination of this j
Government fully and at ail times to maintain ; ■
while it will, at the same time as scrupulous- j
iy refrain from infringing ou the rights of j
others.
assurance she feu of his unchanging love for her, we.-e
tiie subjects upon which rue dwelt with her dying
breath—and quietly and placidly sue laid her head
upon that Savioi r s bosom, and
4 * Breathed her life oat tweetlv there/*
“ Thou art gone to the crave,
But ’twere wrong to deplore thee,
When Cod was thy ransom,
Thy guardian and gnhie ;
He gave thee, and took thee.
And soon will restore thee,
Where death has no stiog,
Since the Saviour hath died.’ 7
X/olt;.
J made to ’.he honorable tin
MONTHS a her date, application will be
Inferior Court of Har
ris county, when sitting for ordinary purposes, for
leave to sell lot of h-ud number nine hundred and
seven, in the second district, fourth section, of Pnul-
d;ng county, Georgia, br]ongi?i°: to tb** estate of R r
Drummond. K. S. HARDAWAY, Gnar.
R A M S E V ,
ATTORNEY- AT?LAW,
It I 5 COUNTY, GEORGIA.
TO THE CITIZENS OF HARRIS COUNTY
rTlHH KarrL-on party nf Harris county, are reques-
f. ted to meet at the Court Ilonse in the town of
Hamilton, on the first Tuesday in July next, for] tha
purpose of trHng into consideration the propriety, or
impropriety of nominating suitable candidates to.re
present said county in the next General Assembly,
or. in other words, nomination or no nomination.
June 24- MANY VOTERS.
amDttbtiujpto about nine pars. State bunks ..as uf tbe United States. The "jofords for
fTlHE SUBSCRIBERS have now in store, at their
_L Eire Proof Ware House, Front Street:
400 pieces India Bagghig, tdouble* three*
15 J do.' heavy "Russia dt-.*
200 coils Bale Rope;
3d0 sacks Havana Coffee*;
1000 sacks :
30 baskets Chercp'aguc;
5 pipes French Branny;
2 hale ditto American ditto;
40.000 Imperial Regalia C’gnrs;
27.000 H’mAw do. do.
25.000 Casidoraa _ 'lo.
INDIA LAGGING AND KENTUCKY RO?E.
“_i «nn P A BCE * India Bagging, 46 to 48 inches wide,
'C vJ 300 pieces Russia Bagging, 400 coils Ken-
Rope, for sale on reasonable terms, by
24-tf
p. McLaren.
NOTICE.
be hel l on Saturday, the 10th in-
ambus, an election for Major, to fill
urn y occasioned by the death of Major Neill
r. A. K. AYER,
24-2t Colonel 66th Regt. G. M.
T here wm
stum, at (Jo
MIV/ DRUGS, MEDICINES, &c.
rJ • H C subscriber has jurt received, at the old stand
\ if TayiorAc Walker, a fuii supply of fresli medi-
chouiicals. paints, oils, varnishes, dye-stuffs,
wi sdovv glass. Putty, Surgical instruments, shop fumi-
tu.-c.Ac. kc. all of which he oifersib jl3 cuutoiuera
•md ti.e publii', at red need prices.
„ . , . . . 4 ,uoa a ,v^. , BENJAMIN WALKER,
The ‘poetry of motion consists, in running j sMITIRBEATTTE A Cv». j . S ; gn <2 the Golden■Mum:. id»
akotu-collcctm^ news^apei bfl!-:.' j. Jas« l«.- -;6-* .
1 12,000 Trabncos
'Which thev oiler fur sale r.n.the
Why do the Jews abominate pork ? Re- i £enl .j. * HALL, RUSK & Co
cause of the curse pronounced upon Ham. j June 15, .
25 S
TUST RECEIVED, ar-d fin- sn]
Jtm 6, 18 *1
■ r J
fv
'