Newspaper Page Text
THE ENQUIRER.
LIBERTY : THE CONSTITUTION: UNION.
col u mb us—(seo rgYa .
WEDNESDAY MORNING, JULY 21, 1841.
FOR GOVERNOR,
WM. C. DAWSON.
THE NEXT LEGISLATURE.
As the t ime for nominating candidates is at hand,
it becomes the friends of the administration to pre
pare for the approaching contest- We ave .
durino the summer, unusual opportunities of wit
nessing the movements of our opponents; and
without suffering ourselves for a moment to doubt
the ability of the Whig party to sustain their hith
erto signal victories, we cannot dose our eyes to the
truth that a concerted and desperate effort will be
made by the Van Buren party to rally their defeat
ed forces, fully prepared for a desperate campaign.
Our readers will l>ear us witness that wc have said
and done what wc could, consistently with dignity
and honor, to prevent the recurrence of heated po
litical controversies within the State. To prevent
them, we took the earliest opportunity after the last
election to offer our opponents an olive branch, and
to urge upon them such considerations as we thought
would meet with a response in every patriot bosom;
the necessity for laying down all party names and
prejudices, and uniting in an effort to revivo the
drooping prosperity of our State. This overture was
made in ail good faith, with no other motive on our
part than to prevent the recurrence of those scenes
of high political excitement, which have for years
past signalized our election seasons, alienating the
affections of our people, corrupting their morals, and
turning their attention from the true interests of
the country to the mere fortunes of a parly—and
we did not suppose that an appeal would have been
made in vain. Wc could not think that the opjoo-
sition press of the State had become so wedded to
the bitterness and violence of party strife, as to treat
with silent contempt, such an overture from a suc
cessful opponent. AVe have waited long and pa
tiently to hear from them—and yet, no generous
response is given—no cue of all the conductors of
their journals in the State has met our proposition.
True, some few of the best men eg' the party have
expressed themselves warmly in favor of the pro
posal, and its acceptance has been urged upon at
least one of their journals—hut without an excep
tion, we believe, they have, all maintained towards
it a death-like silence. They have neither had the
disposition to bury “ the tomahawk of war,” nor the
courage to tell their people tliat they coolly rejected
“ the calumet of peace.” On the conirarv, taking
advantage of our apparent indifference, they arc
every where organizing for the most determined and
vigorous contest in the coming elections. Their
tickets arc to be made up this fall of their very
strongest men, and the most complete organization
is to be effected. The next Legislature is to be one
of great importance. A very large majority of the
Judges arc to be tiicn elected, andsome very impor
tant measures connected with the finances of the
Stale are to be adojitcd. It becomes our friends,
therefore, in all sections, to fcc up and doing. Let
our party put in nomination Ihtir best and strongest
men, and above all things let them stand firm,
shoulder to shoulder, and discard every selfish and
personal influence in their harmonious effort to sus
tain the great triumph of the last campaign.
THE BROKEN BANK.
The community is indebted to Mr. Moody
for liis communication in today’s paper, giv
ing an account of the management of the
hank by its officers, aud explaining, what was
before hidden in mystery, the true -situation
of the concern. Tire disclosure which it
makes is truly mottifyTtigf while at the same
time it enables us to foim our judgment with
more accuracy, as to the value of the assets
held by the bank, aud the consequent value
nf the bills in circulation.
In commenting on the report of the com
mittee, in last weeks paper, we stated the
probable loss of the bank on its cotton ac
count, at $10,000. We then supposed, from
the reading of the report, that the item of
$90,341,60 was the worth of thecotton owned
by the bank, estimated at the prices paid for
it. We now learn, however, that it simply*
means the difference between the cost of 6000
bales yet held by the bank, and the amount
which the bank has diawn against it, or re
ceived in the way of advances upon it. This
being the case, the loss to the bank on this
item alone, will in all probability cover nearly
the whole amount stated.
The strange absence of the capital stock
of the bank, from the report of the commit?*
lee, is also accounted for in a manner that
does very little credit to the officers and man
agers of the institution. It exhibits a rare
mo le of doing business, to say the least of it.
We do not at all understand by what process
the stockholders can withdraw ihe amount of
theit stock from the capital of the bank while
it is in operaticn, or even after it has ceased '
to be in operation, so long as they are in any
way responsible for the ouststanding liabilities
nf the institution, ifouecan withdraw, all may
with equal propriety withdraw, stockholders,
itiaDagers, and all, leaving the poor bank
ing house to its fate, and the creditors to shift
for themselves. We publish below a general
statement of the alfaits of the bank made on the
5th of April last, by which it will be seen that
the capital stock of the bank was repiesented
at $141,000. It is but fair that the creditors
of the institution should know what has be
come of that sum, and whether it has all been
withdrawn. It must have consisted of either
notes or money, and ought now to be in the
hands of the trustees to be used in payment
of the bank's debts, alter the other assets are
exhausted.
A general STATEMENT of the Chattahoochee Rail-
Road atld Banking Company of Georgia, on Monday,
ilpril 5, 1641.
Capital tStock.
STUDY OF THE BIBLE.
Our correspondent “Giovanni” remarks
with much force in reference to the pract.ee
of our institutions of learning generally, ol
pushing off the study of the Bible roan
hour on the Sabbath, and frequentlyom.tr
ting altogether this most important branch of
education. It is an error which we have
long wondered at and deplored, but which
we believe is fast being dispelled. The es
tablishment of manual labor schools aud col
leges by the different denominations of Chris
tians, and the earnestness with which the
cause of biblical education has been advoca
ted bv the friends of these institutions, affurd
ample ground to hope that the evil will ere
long be eradicated, and that the time will
DECISION IN THE CASE OF McLEOD.
The Supreme Court of New York- in session at
XJtica, on Monday the I2th inst., delivered its
opinion and decision in tbc matter of Alexander
McLeod, who claimed to lie discharged from cus
tody, on the ground that the offence with which
he stands charged, was a. public act, performed in
obedience to orders from officers appointed by the
British Government, and that the act had since
been adopted by that Government, as its own act.
The Court decided against the discharge of the
EDITORS’ CORRESPONDENCE.
LETTER NUMBER THIRTEEN.
New York, July 12,1841,
The commercial community in this city are daily
agitated by hopes and fears, in regard to the pro
ceedings at Washington. Eveiy morning the in
quiry is reiterate*!, « What is the news from Con
gress V’ The measure in which the dcepcst-inter-
cst is felt, is, of course, the bank laiU. It is ardently
hoped that Mr. Clay’s bill may become a law; and
yet it is not to be disguised that strong fears of a
prisoner, and ordered him to be remanded to the dj ffcrent resu j t are entertained. It would perhaps
county of Niagara for trial according to law. j be admitted by the merchants, that the plan of the
Secretary of the Treasury would give us a bank
much better than none at all; but should it so hap
pen that the Legislatures of both Now York and
The opinion of the Court, which was pronounced
by Justice Cowan, is learned and elaborate. The
main points in the decision arc thus summarily sta
ted in the N. Y. Evening Post: *
1. Tlint tlie points raised by the prisoner, first, ilia
Pennsylvania should lie adverse to the bank for
two or three years to come, and no branch be cs-
be did not participate in the alleged offence, and sec ! t a b]i s hcd here or in Philadelphia, it is a serious
shortly arrive, when no boy can be said to , be ! question how much the country would-be benefitted
have “completed bis classical course," until j m;uie available in a^Hateas Corpus, even for letting
lie lias acquired a thorough knowledge of the j him to bail, much less for ordering his unqualified
literary and historical treasures, at least, ol j _ _ : . .
•t m J 2. T hat on Habeas Corpus, the examination as to
the ITiOSt maguificeilt book ill the TjDiverse. j guilt or innocence, cannot, under anv circumstances,
Whatever ,naj- lw Ibuugbt b,
of the necessity lor leaching the divine pre- i 3 That these views are a sufficient answer to the
cents of rlie Bible, aud the grand incidents it , present application, but as counsel hod raised die
1 it- ' question tot jurisdiction, the court were willing to go
narrates, law-givers, poets and literary men m ilJto it
4. That the plea that this is a national question, to
be settled by the diplomatic powers of the United
States and England, does not divest the court ol ju
risdiction, lerause to warrant the destruction ot prop-
e *ty or the taking of life, on the ground ofipublic war,
there must be what is called lawful war, by the law
of nations, which ran never exist without a concur
rence of the war-making power.
5. Tliat if the affair in-question can be tortured into
war between this nation and England, the United
Slates might take possession of McLeod as a prisoner
of war.
C. That the order under which McLeod and iiis as-
all uges since its promulgation, have acknowl
edged themselves indebted to that source, for
many of-their chief excellencies. Indeed*
no man ever was, oi ever can be a poet, how
ever bom, without a. familiarity with the in-
spired writings ; the epic grandeur and sub
limity of Isaiah, the splendid imagery of
Ezekiel, the sweetness and tenderness of
Dqvid, and the power and inspiration every
where visible throughout every portion of the sociatt-s arted was not a lawtul act of majesty, as con
sacred scriptures, must need be studied to form
a vigorous fancy, anil to store the mind with
rich subjects aud allusions. The greatest
orators derive from hence their loftiest
thoughts and richest expressions, for it is the
language of the heart, and “ out ot the
abundance of the heart ili<5 mouth speakctli
While the legislator is absolutely dependant j proved-to have existed, the Caroline notbeiu.
upon it for even the principles of justice - e -
which it is the object of his laws to maintain.
AH this would show that the literary merits
of the bible are alone sufficient to entitle it to
far greater consideration than has heretofore
been bestowed upon it in most of our public
schools.
The impressions made upon the youthful
mind by careful tuition in the scriptures, are
ineffaceble whatever may betide iu after life.
The incidents of sacied history are so truly
grand and miraculous, and the inspired writ
ings of the Prophets and Apostles so deeply
touching to the soul, that'when once they
are impressed with all their living beauties on
the mind before it has been swayed by evil
thoughts, they will be remembered with last
ing benefit, aiid the actions of our lives will
in most instances conform to- the immaculate
precepts they contain.
tant it is therefore, that the error in oursystems
of education, alluded to by our correspon
dent, should be speedily cortecred ! We
comnteud the article itself to the perusal of
our readers.
by Mr/TTox. since the transaction was the
lawful ah initio and required no royal recognition,
which is not pretended ou either side.
7. That regarding Duvfec as the enemy of England,
wjio had taken- shelter on the neutral territory of the
United States, she had no right, on any pretence, to
pursue him beyond her own limits, without violating
t::e rights of the neutral nation.
8. That the transactions in which McLeod was en
gaged, is not to Le justified on the ground of self-
lefence and necessity, as no such necessity can he
in the
condi
tion to make one As well might a man who walks
half a utile, to his neighbor in bed at midnight, because
he suspected him of meditating injury, plead necessity
as an excuse.
9. That the fitting out of tiie expedition under Cap
tain Drew, was an unwarrantable, usurpation of au
thority on the part of the Provincial authorities.
The Judge proceeds:
This brings us to the great question in the cause.
We have seen that a capital offence was committed
within our territory-iu time of peace; and the remain
ing inquiry is, whether England has placed the offend
ers above the law and beyond our jurisdiction, by rat-
j dying and approving such a crime. It is due to her,
in the first place, to deny that it has been so ratified
and approved, f-he has approved a public act of legit
imate ibfence only. She ca mot change the nature of
things. She cannot turn that into lawful war which
was murder in time of peace. She may, in that way,
justify the offended as between him and his own gov
ernment. She cannot bind foreign courts of'justice by
insisting tliat what in the eye of the whole world was
a deliberate and prepared attack, must le protected
by the laws of self defence.
“ In the second place, I deny UiaLshc can, in time
of peace, scud her men,into our territory, aud-render
them impel vious to our laws by embodying them and
tt , * j putting arms in their hands. She. may declare war:
vablljr n i i if she claim the benefit of peace, as both nations have
done in this instance, the.moment,ajiy of her citizens
enter our territory, they are as completely obnoxious
to punishment by our-law, as if they had been, born
and always resided in this country.’**
Tlte following are the concluding paragraphs:
When a Grand Jury have charged that a man lias
committed murder in this State, I can imagine no c
whether the charge relate to the lime of open public
war or peace, in which he can claim exemption from
trial. If lie show that he was-in truth acting as a sol
dier in time of public war, the jury will acquit him.
The judge will direct them to obey the law of nations,
which is undoubtedly the common law. So, if the
accused were acting in defence against an individual
invader of his country. But above all things is it im
for the jury to inquire wlieth
r his allegation-of defence be not false or colorable
They cannot allow as an act of defence, the wilful
pursuing ev.cn such an enemy, though dictated, by
>vereigu authority, into a country at peace with the
“ Dead for a ducat.”
The Macon Messenger has had the uncharita-
blcncss—might wc not say cruelty—to bring up
before old Dr. Green a review of his former political
opinions and associations, coupled, with sundry
scraps of the Doctor’s writing, which, compared i^ort-un inVlie hitter
with the position,last occupied by him as co-editor ' '
of the Telegraph, placed him in so ridiculous an
attitude as to warrant the apprehension that the
11 place which lately saw him will see him no more.” j sovereign of the accused, seeking out that enemy and
The urbane conductor of the Messenger, we arc j tlnian mnnlpn’tii!^ indeed, can be nothing but a
° ’ I violation ol territory, a violation ot the municipal law',
very certain, would not have proceeded to such I the faith of treaties, and the law of natiuus.
cruel lengths against one so fallen, without strong I *^ ,e g° v ©rmu«Ht the accused may approve, diplo-
J tiii * . .i ° j macy may gloze. but a lJiry can only inquire whether
provocation. Indeed, however strong the provoca- j he was a party to the deed, or to any act of illegal
tion may have been, there is hardly any justilica- I violence which he knew would probabH- endanger
tion for making a man destroy himself, or for killing | J*T“‘I?; lf s,1, , isfietl ,hat wa . 8 1 not ’ “? 1 f" c * re -
° . ■ iy nr.pe tliey may be, upon the evidence in the ease
him with his own medicines. I before us, they will then have the pleasant duty topei-
Notlling can extenuate the offence of the Mcs** j form nf pronouncing him not guilty. But whatever
. ... .. , . . ... . , .may be their conclusion, we feel the utmost confidence
senger, without it is the. p.ea that the victim rushed rliat the prisoner, though a foreigner, will have unjust
upon his own destruction. In that event, how
appropriate to the case of the kite co-editor would
he those splendid lines of Byron,
'T was thine own genius gave the fatal b’ow.
And helped to plant the wound tliat laid thee low :
So the struck eagle stretched upon the plain,
No more through rolling clouds lo soar again,
Viewed his own feather on the fatal dart.
And winged the shaft that quivered in his heart.
Keen were his pangs, but keener far to feel
He nursed the pinion which impelled the steel;
While the same plumage that had wanned his nest,
Drank the last life drop of his [deeding breast.
McDonald .hid Relief.—Some of the opposi
tion journals would persuade the people that the
" Relief” scheme of the last legislature was almost
unanimously supported by the Yau Buren members.
Such is, not the fact. It is gratifying to report that
forty-one of them were sensible and patriotic enough
to oppose a measure so supremely absurd and so
manifestly ruinous to the State. The following is
a list of their names: - y
Anderson of Chatham, Atkinson, Beavers, Carlton,
Canaan, Chandler, Collier, Espy, Faruall, Ford ot
Cherokee, Gath right,' Green oi‘ Forsyth, Hardage,
Hendry, Hibbert, Hotchkiss Hunter. Johnson ot Ap
pling, Johnson of Heard, Jones of Franklin, Lawson,
Lee, Letils, Millen. Mitchell, Moon, Morris ot Mur
ray, Moultrie, Palmer, Price, Read, Sanford. Shell.eid,
Stewart of McIntosh, Stiles, Stone, Stroud of Walton,
Sumner, Thompson, Welbome, Whitfield—41.
Destructive Fikf..—The village of Wa
terford in the State ol" New York, near the j l '*sion
cause to complain that he ha6 suffered wrong at the
hands of an American jury.
At our hands the prisoner had a right to require an
answer upon the facts presented by his papers, wheth
er in law he can properly be holden to a trial. We
have had lmRedaration but to examine aud pronounce
Upon the legal character of those facts, in order to
satisfy ourselves of the bearing they, might have on
the novel and important question submitted. That
examination has led to the conclusion that we have
no power to discharge the prisoner.
He must' therefore be remanded, to take his trial iu
the ordinary forms of law.
Under this decision, McLeod will be arraigned
before a Jury of the country, to stand his trial for
the high crimes with which he is charged. If
guilty, he will be hung, and the power of England
cannot save him. As to the consequences, the
people of the United States arc hound to abide
them. If lie is rightfully condemned, the people
will sustain the Courts, and see that he expiates
his sentence, though the whole navy of England
were on our coasts and ready to batter, down our
cities.
But there is a possibility that the case may- yet
take a different turn. If an appeal is taken to the
Court of Erroes by the prisoner, as it doubtless will
be, the judgment of the Supreme Court may be re
versed and the prisoner yet lie discharged; or if it
be affirmed, a writ of Error from tile Supreme Court
of the United States may bring the question of his
discharge before that august tribunal for a final d.c-
This latter contingency, however-, will dc
8141,000
Bank Notes issued 8000,000
“ “ on hand 120,060—
*• '• iu circulation 179,040
Bond account 30,000
Certificates issued/ 1,170
Discount account and premium 12,737
Amount due Banks and Agents 107,92
Deposites .
junction of the Hudson aud Mohawk rivers,
was nearly destroyed by fire on Sunday
morning the 12th inst. Seventy or eighty
buildings were burnt to the ground, including
nearly every store in the place, the Saratoga
County Bank, the Methodist, Presbyterian
and Episcopal Churches, the Academy, and
a great mauy private dwellings. Tile loss is
estimated at §150.000.
BANKRUPT LAW.
There is no subject of National interest which
seems to be so generally called for as a Uuifoim Sys
tem of Bankruptcy. The press iu every part of the
country, teems with appeals to Congress in its behalf,
aud denunciations against its opponents. So forcibly
is if urged, that the Loco-Focos, iu many* parts of the
country, seek eagerly to put themselves in the from
8-196,928 99
Mortgages on Real Estate 129.000
Bills of Exchange J 14,652 55
- “ under protest ..9,236 77—124,583 32
Notes discounted 70,112 30
** under protest.. 7,993 15— 78,105 45
Amount due by other Bauks..............87,252- 84
Banking House aud Lot 17,000
Incidental Expenses 6,536 83
Protest account 30
Site** 1C,667 54
Odier Bank Notes .30,400
Checks ou other Bunks 7,130
Change.. >17 54,314 54
Chance of Venue.—The West Point Jefferso
nian has emigrated to Ihe City of Griffin, in Pike
county, where it will hereafter be published by
Messrs. Cline & Griffin. They assign the scarcity
of democrats about West Point as one cause of their
removal. Wc arc thinking they could n.ot have
paid a finer compliment to the people of that village.
Doubtless they will find political friends more plen
ty in Pike.
°4 059 0® ‘ rank of its champions, and are evidently desirous of
bearing away, if possible, the glory of it from the Na
tional Administration. Tins shows that it is becom
ing a general, a popular, not a party question. The
release oi a half a million of enterprising, business
men, crippled aud chained by misfortune, through the
operation oi a just law of Bankruptcy, will cause a
general Jubilee throughout the land. Was there not
among the Jews, osce in about forty years, a general
forgiveness of debts, celebrated by them in praises
thanksgivings, aud rejoicings ? Let this nation have
a Bankrupt law, and there will be an American Jubi
lee, as if there had been a second Declaration of In
dependence, or another great national victory. Me
morials are pouring into Congress—the President has
i496,828 98
pond upon the degree of devotion to the sovereign
rights of the State of New York, which may char
acterize the tribunal to which the writ of Error may
be directed by the Supreme Court. In Georgia wg
have been accustomed to disregard such mandates.
Our present Executive is the only prominent indi
vidual we know of in the State, who concedes to the
Supreme Court of the United State, the right to re
move from our State Courts, a cause.over which
they have exclusive jurisdiction. Be that as it may,
however, the Stale Senate of New York may not
be so jealous of the power of the General Govern
ment as the Superior Courts of Georgia have shown
themselves to be, and the question of McLeod's dis
charge may yet lie determined by that tribunal, and
he be liberated without a trial. Of course these arc
mere contingencies, none of which may occur; the
greater probability being, that the Court of Errors
will refuse its writ, and the prisoner be compelled to 1
abide his trial by a jury. If England resents, the
American people will know how to protect «he
honor of their nation.
by a bank. I believe our political friends here,
generally approve Mr. Clay’s course both as to
principle and expediency, though they do not all
feel confideut of the success of his bill.
The passage of the Land Distribution bill, in the
House, gives great and general satisfaction. It
will be a very popular measure, should it become a
lew, of which there is no doubt. Some of the
Tammany prints object to it on the ground of the
wants of the Treasury. They forget that Calhoun
and Benton proposed to make a donation of the
whole national domain to the new States. The
real question is, shall alt the States enjoy the benefit
of this common property, or shall Calhoun and
Benton give it to the Western States in purchase
of support in a future presidential contest. That
is the true issue, let locofccolsm mistify it as much as
it will.
There has hern some excitement among us, for
a few days past, in regard to what is here called
the “ School question.” You may be aware that
the Eolnan Catholics in the city complain that
some of the hooks used in the public schools are
adverse to their religion, and ]»tition for a portion
of the public money for the support of schools to
which they will feel willing to send their children;
that is to say, schools to be taught by Catholic
teachers, and from which the obnoxious books
should be excluded. This claim is strongly resisted
by a large portion of the citizens, and particularly
by the Public School Society,-which society was
heard by its counsel, Hiram Kctchum, Esq , before
the Senate of this State, in opposition to a proposed
law, granting, in part, the demands of the Catho
lics. Some two or three weeks ago, the Roman
Catholic Eish-op, Hughes, gave notice in the papers
that he would make a public reply to Mr. Kctch-
um’s argument, which had been published. He
did so, in a very pungent and sarcastic manner, in
a public ball provided for the purpose.
The Rev. Mr. Brownlee, of the Reformed Dutch
Church, who is celebrated for his opposition to
popery, gaTe notice that he should review Bishop
Hughes’ ■speech. Accordingly, on Thursday eve
ning last, a large audience assembled in the North
Dutch Church to hear the Reverend gentleman’s
reply. He. began in his usual able, caustic, and
searching manner, to examine Ihe positions and
proofs of his Right Reverend opponent, but had not
proceeded far beforo he Was interrupted in the most
disgraceful manner, by a portion of the assemblage,
who heaped upon him every kind of personal abuse,
and finally broke up the meeting in disorder. The
next evening a largo crowd of the same rioters
assembled in front of the C Lurch, in hopes that a
continuation of Dr. Biownlee’s remarks might give
occasion for another row. The y were disappointed
The Reverend get t‘eu an did not gratify those lovers
of religious liberty, and they w< re compelled to
forego tile expected entertainment.
The decision of the Supreme Court in the case
of McLeod is to be given this day, at Utica.
McLeod left this city on Saturday morning in cus
tody of the Sheriff, to be present in Court at the
decision. It is understood that all the members of
the Court have opinions prepared. This tribunal
consists of three Justices, to-wit: Samuel Nelson
Chief Justice, and Each Bowen and Greene C
Bronson, associate Justices. They arc all lawyers
of liiph reputation and men of unquestioned integ
rity-. In regaril to polities they are opposed to the
administration, but I believe.them incapable of al
lowing any political predilections to influence their
judicial conduct. An important question is in their
hands. They will decide as they think right, and
according to law; regardless of consequences. An
intense anxiety is felt in regard to the result. The
newspaper establishments have sent reporters to
Utica, .with the object of getting the earliest possi
ble information concerning the decision.
A vast number cf immigrants continue to arrive
at this port daily. Upwards of 1500 landed at our
wharves last week. Most of them arc from the
Emerald Isle, but many from Germany and Swit
zerland.
A splendid new LcndOn packet, called the Hen
drick Hudson, was launched at the Hook on Sat
urday afternoon. The burthen of this ship is 1000
tons. She made her debut on her destined element
with great grace and beauty of movement, amid the
cheers of tlrousands of admiring spectators.
The intelligence from the interior of the State
concerning the crops has, for the last few days,
boon quite favorable. The wheat will in most
places be an average crop. There is always a good
deal of croaking among our farmers about a month
before liarvcst. Wheat will be ready for the sickle
in alrout ten days.
A State loan of $'362,500 for the construction of
the canals, was this mo ruing taken by Camman,
Whitchodsc & Co., 20 Wall-st. at 84 1-2. It is a
five per cent, loan redeemable after 1858.
Yours, Stuyvesant.
Treasury, after six months’ notice, or at any tinii
after three yea s from the 1st day of January t. e -t.
—Mr. Daw son made a short speech on its passage,
of about twenty minutes, in which he gave all the
important facts connected with the measure, and
presented the whole argument in a few words. It
contained fewer flourishes and more sense than any
speech I have heard delivered on the question r—
The bill passed immediately.
Mr. T. B. King’s report on the establishment of
a Home Squadron meets with general favor. It
proposes to provide for that purpose, for the pay.
subsistence, repairs, &c. of two frigates, two sloops,
two smaller vessels, and two armed steamers.
Yours, &c.
Washington, July 15.
The decision of the Supreme Court of New York
refusing the application of McLcotLto be discharged,
reached here yesterday evening. It is learned and
able, and gives ample reasons why the prisoner
should not be refeased. There is uo disappointment
here at the result. Tltis matter, connected with
various other questions in dispute between this Gov
ernment and Great Britain, promises yet to embroil
the two countries in a tedious war. The represen
tatives of the nation here scent to be sensible of the
importance-of making preparation for such a con
tingency-.
A bill appropriating $600,000 for the purchase of
ordnance and ordnance stores for the use of the
Navy, passed the House of Representatives yester
day.
The report on the Home Squadron will prohably
bc adopted to-morrow-.
The Hon. John Sergeant, to whom the Mission
to England was tendered bv the President some
Washington, July Sdi, 1841.
Gentlemen: The Senate is still occupied in dis
cussing the Bank bill. Many amendments have
l>ccn proposed and few adopted. The character of
the bill has not, however, been materially altered.
Mr. Fillmore’s bill authorizing a loan of $12,-
000,000 was up in the House .to-day on the motion
of Mr. Proffit to strike out the enacting clause.—
Mr. Pickens spoke in his usual gusty manner in
opposition to the bill; or rather, he consumed liis
hour in rhetorical flourishes about retrenchment and
reform, and had just begun to approach the merits
ot tile subject-under discussion, when the Chairman
very jiolitely informed him that the time allotted ba
the rule had expired. He received the intimation
holders paying in a sufficient amount to cover the
losses of the Bank, the minority being unwilling to
pay the whole loss while the majority were excused
and not compelled to pay anything. Owing to this
Circumstance the Committee were instructed not to
take the capital stock into consideration, in making
up the assets of the Bank. It was then recom
mended that a committee should be appointed by
the Directors and an assignment made to them of all
the assets of the Bank, (capital slock excepted.)
for the licncfit of all concerned. Col. Jones then
remarked that he was willing that the whole trans
actions of the Bank should be published in detail.
This w-as seconded by Maj. Holmes, of Ft. Gaines,
and agreed to by all present, as far as I saw or un
derstood. And owingto thisgcneral understanding,
that a list of ail the liabilities and assets of the Bank
should be published, the committee condensed
their report much more than tliey would have done,
had they known that their report was all that the
public would be permitted to sec. When the com
mittee made their report on Monday, the 12tli inst.,
the time that the meeting had adjourned to for
the purpose of receiving the report, there were but
few present. I made a motion, in conformity to the
understanding on Saturday, that the inside of the
Bank should be turned out, that the public might
judge for itsilf. Some discussion took place, and
the motion was lost, and the meeting adjourned,
sine die. I was quite unwell at the time, and re
mained so until after the report was published, or I
should have given this explanation to the public at
the time. Sa much for the meeting of the stock
holders and the report of the committee.
that they had celebrated our great National Sabb at|,
in an appropriate manner; and from the exercises of'
the day, no doubt, all felt to appreciate our nation's
blessings much higher than they had done in by gone
davs.
For the Enquirer/
Messrs. Editors: Your exertions in behalf of th*
morals of the community, are a guarantee that youC
columns will be cheerfully opened to a paper on the
subject of Education. That there are many radical
errors in the system of education generally adopted,
none will deny. Jt is the object nf this article to point
out one or two of these errors aud to recommend a
remedy.
The great tendency of the age, its schools, literary
and scientific associations, its laxity of civil and reli
gious discipline, is to Infidelity. Paradoxical as tho'
assertion may seem, it is easy of demonstration. In
our schools, die dogmata of Christianity are thrusj- •
aside, the youthful mind sedulously occluded against
the distinctive principles of the gospel; the Bible, if
studied at all, pushed off to an hour on the Sabbath,
as if the history of the Bible were uninteresting, its
poetry unfit for the refinements, and its sublimity too
paltry for the taste of the age, as if the morality of the
Bible were dangerous and its high hopes and promises
the vain and empty figments ol" enthusiasm ; tho cru
dities of mythology substituted lor the-purity of Bibli
cal ethicks ; the sensualities of Anacreon; the ribaldry
and obscenities of Ovid and Horace taught carefully
and diligently in lieu of the inftralify of onr Holy Re
ligion. This, Messrs. Editors, is a fearful and unac
countable evil. Many a boy lias completed hi» classi
cal course without once perusing tliat priceless heri
tage, bequeathed by patriarchs, prophets and apostle#/
at the cost of their lives.
An idea is prevalent t« the country, that childrd
I notice in the editorial remarks of the Columbus should have their minds kept perfectly unbiased upo]
Times that it is there statctl, as the editor remarks, the doctrines of the Bible, that they may l e at liliertyi
time since, has publicly declined that high honor.— | upon the authority of one of the directors and one j to worship Allah, Baal, Jupiter, the Gods ot Egypt, or
He is a splendid man and would have made an ex- of the committee of stockholders, that the liabilities j any thing that may suit their natural taste. Ibis
' of the President and Directors, all combined, did not ! « bsurd grows out of false notions of liberty. It
cellent representative to the Court of St. James, but
there arc many others among the number of our
eminent citizens.who will do equally well.
The fate of the Bank hill still-hangs in doubt.
Yours, 5tc.
THE WESTERN BANK OF GEORGIA.
At the instance of an individual claiming
stock in this institution, an injunction was
granted a short time ago having the effect to
close up the bank, without even permitting a
redemption oCits notes. -The officers ol the
bank, upon legal advice, assumed the re
sponsibility of disobeying the injunction until
a hearing could be had for its dissolution.—
This hearing we understand took place be
fore liis Honor Judge Trippe, at Chambers, on
the 12th inst. when the motion to dissolve
was sustained, upon the ground that there
was no equity in the hill, and if there was,
it was fully sworn oft" by the answer. At the
same hearing, another application for injunc
tion by another party, was dismissed upon
cause shewn to the contrary. We learn that
the bank did not stop redeeming its liabilities
-pending the injunction ; aud being now re
lieved from this legal einbairassment, is go
ing ou to discharge promptly as heretofore, its
obligations to the public.
How vkrv DtsAGP.KKARLE.—The Stand
ard of Union has found out a new hobby to
ride upon, in the carcase of a dead horse.—
He says he intends to ride it until he makes
his neighbors of the Journal and Recorder
sick. One sight of the kind would we sup
pose be sufficient for that purpose. Such a
disagreeable spectacle would shatter the
nerves of any sensitive man. Rail! the very
idea is sicken ins:.
The Madisonian says that A Flying
Machine has been invented by Jacob F.
Hester, of Philadelphia ^ounty. Pa., and a
model deposited iu the Patent Office. His
design»is to enclose all the body except the
head aud hands in one garment, made of
strong silk or 1 n, and strengthened by a
cord passing round the body near the waist,
and also upwards, diverging from a point near
the spine. To the garment aud cords a rope,
chain or cord, is to be fastened -near the" loins,
and is to extend from the back up to a bal
loon, ui such a manner that with the aid of
wings a man might rise in the air iu an inclined
position, and be able to direct bis coutse. It
is not stated that Mr. Hester has tested practi
cally the ultilityof his invention*
CHATTAHOOCHEE RAIL-ROAD & BANK
ING COMPANY.
To THE PUBLIC :
From the urgent solicitations of numerous indi
viduals, as well as from the fact of my being a large
Stockholder and one of the committee appointed to
examine the condition of the Chattahoochee Rail-
Road and Banking Co. on Saturday, the 10th inst.,
I feel it to be my duty to give such explanations
concerning the report of said committee, as my re
collection of facts will authorize; and also, to make
such statements concerning the Bank anti its man
agement as is due to the public generally, and to
the stockholders individually.
First, then, as to the report ; the item of $59,213
24 due to individuals consists of time cheeks, drawn
by the Bank on New York, to something like the
amount of $52,000. The balance of the item is due
to agents in New York.
The Cotton account, placed in the assets of the
Bank, stands thus, to-wit: The Bank owns about
6,000 bales of cotton. The $90,341 60 is the dif
ference between the whole cost of the cotton and
the amount drawn against it. I would remark, in
relation to the cotton, that, if it w as sold at present
prices, (which I have no doubt it will be,) it would
loose $60,000.
In relation to the bad and doubtful debts due the
Bank, the committee took this view of them, to-wit: ! f r °in being swindled hereafter in the same way, l>v
That all those persons indebted to the Bank would ; ^fusing to purchase .paper made at that cstab’.ish-
haverthc. legal right to pay in the bills of the Bank, j ment.
(and in tile opinion of the committee there was no
pr-oi t bility of the bills of the Bank being worth
amount to more than $20,000 00. Now, I will
neither admit nor deny this statement, hut I will
state, upon the authority of the books of the Bank,
that the President, Cashier and Directors, all com
bined, owed the Bank, at the time it failed, the snug
sum of eighty-five thousand seven hundred and nine
dollars and fourteen cents—that nearly, or quite, all
of that amount has been taken from the Bank-siuce
the first of January last, and a large part of it since
the first of April. I admit that it is not equally di
vided among them, but if they all gayc their con
sent, they arc equally to blame; if they did not, they
ought to publish the facts—the truth can harm no
body.
The President remarked to the stockholders, that
he was bound to the Columbus Bank for $12,000,
and wished that circumstance to be taken into con
sideration, in lessening his liabilities to the Chatta
hoochee Rail Road Bank. The way that occurred
was thus: A few days before the bank failed, the
Cashier gave his note, with the President’s endorse
ment, for $12,000 to the Bank of Columbus, as
collatreal security for the Chattahoochee Rail Road
Batik; but it did no good, for the bank at that
period might be likened to a great hollow tree, hav
ing nothing left to support it against the storm but
the external shell; being deprived of all its vital
parts, it stood tottering before the breeze. fc'uch
slender props as the above were soon found to be of
no avail: so soon as the other banks of the city
took their strong arms from around it, it had no
substance of its own, and down it came. And the
great wonder of those who have examined the
prostrate and lifeless creature is, how it lived as
lonir as it did. And this takes me hack to the com
mittee, whose special duty it was to take an invent
ory of all that might be found among tho ruins.
The committee, after having gone through with
their examination, were so well satisfied of the fact
that, this hank had been managed unusually loose,
that they drew up and agreed to.the following reso
lution, the original of which I have in my posses
sion, to-wit:
Resolved, Tliat in the opinion of the Committee, the
affairs of the bank, from its commencement,- have been
managed mntsually loose, and altogether different
from what the stockholders had a right to expect, front
the pledges ofiits officers at the beginning. And tliat
the practice of the officers in taking large sums of mo
ney from the Institution, for private purposes, and
allowing other persons to have large stuns of money
from the bank, without securily and without the same
being passed by the Board of Directors, is altogether
wrong and in had faith to ihe stockholders. And that
the practice of the officers, as before specified, is be
lieved by the Committee to he the sole cause of the
failure of the hank, to the great damage of the stock
holders and hill holders.
Now for the reasons why it was not published:
After the resolution had been agreed to, a majority
of the committee declined offering it, upon the
ground that it would not make the assets of the
bank any better. I contended that it was due to
the stockholders and to the public, that the com
mittee should give their opinion in relation to the
management of the hank, as well as the value of
the assets; and had there been a full meeting of
the stockholders on Monday, I should have offered
a similar resolution to the one above; but there
being but few present, a majority of whom were
is the counterfeit of the genuine coin ; it is the ruinous
and sad perversion of a principle dear as life to the
American bosom. If this be true liberty, he is an
idiot who will advocate it. If liberty carefully shuts
out the principles of our holy religion, and fills the
youthful mind with the vanities of heathenism, it has
been thoroughly misunderstood, ami our people have
been wildly pursuing a phantom. No, sirs, our gov
ernment, based upon the Bible, requires us to train up
our youth “in the way tliey should go.” It recognizes
the Bible as the only standard of truth and virtue, ami
its purposes are subserved only when men:comply
strictly with its injunctions. The Bible should he
more familiar to the student than his classical text
books; it should discipline his affections, stimulate his
energies, fire and foster his hopes, and guide aright his
emulation.
There is another serious evil connected with our
systems of education. There is not that necessary
'attention paid to the social qualities of youth. Teach
ers are generally too indifferent to the social relations.
If tliey faithfully instruct youth in the letter of educa
tion they think their task is fulfilled. From the nature
ot tilings, they cannot exercise tliat guardian superin*
tendance of them, which tliey hourly require. It is
when their principles are free and uutranmieled, in
their youthful sports, that they arc in most danger; and
it is then that they ought lobe under watchful care.
The relative duties of society are of the utmost diffi
culty, and yet their importance demands the most
diligent discipline. The relation of master and slave
is one least understood, yet involving a responsibility
fearful and overwhelming. The instructors of youth
in the South.should never lose sight of tins responsi
bility. Children should he taught early the duty they
owe their slaves. Nothing is so well calculated to
stay the tide of abolitionism, as the inculcation of right
principles touching this relation. Children should he
taught that slaves avo endowed with sensibility and
an immortal principle ; that masters owe their slaves
human treatment, and attention to their spiritual con
dition. An opinion prevails that negroes should nc t
be taught the Bible. To endeavor to refute this no
tion, were to pay it n respect which its futility and ab
surdity do not deserve. There is no surer guaril
against disaffection than a careful inculcation of the
doctrines ol our Il/ty Reliyion ; and he evinces an
utter and disgraceful ignorance of these doctrines,
who entertains any fears concerning them.
In connection with, and growing out of this subject,
I beg leave to commend to the patrons of educational
institutions, the Episcopal Institute and Christ College.
This institution,has been pursuing its noiseless way to
usefulness and distinction, for a few mouths, under the
care of the Messrs. Fay, originally of Vermont. To
say that these gentlemen are fully competent to their
arduous dopes, were to bestow hut common praise.-—
The btfsis oi the institution is emphatically the word
of God : from this fountain the youthful mind is made
Continually to drink ; this is justly held up as the para
mount text hook; its morality is regarded as suffi
ciently pure ; its influences sufficiently - wholesome ;
its sublime truths and holy hopes as worthy to be con
tinually present to the youthful mind, twd all learning
tending to thwart the principles of Christian education
carefully aud prayerfully excluded. It will at once
occur to you, Messrs. Editors, tliat a judicious and
vigilant Christian education is the only antidote against
the tendencies to Jacobinism and civil misrule,-that so
fearfully characterize tile age. This Iustitnte is loca
ted at Montpelier Springs, a guarantee of its healthi
ness: it is wholly out of the influence of dissipation ?
opposed to publishing any thing hut the report of | 110 inducement to extravagance, being equi-distarn from
the committee in its condensed form. I had to con
tent myself by stating the substance of the resolu
tion in my argument in favor of the resolution, to
publish the transactions of the bank fully and with
out disguise. L. B. MOODY.
Messrs. Editors: It may' prevent some good
fellow from being imposed upon, if you will mention
in your paper, that 1 bought a half ream of paper
manufactured by John II. Smith & Co. Lee, Mas
sachusetts, at “ Union Mills,’’ and labelled John It.
Smith if* Co’s, superjine blue ruled quarto post, and
that there is scarcely a perfect sheet in the whole
half ream—nearly every sheet being cither torn, or
having some other defect. It.
The petty fraud to which our correspondent al
ludes is one which we have ourselves observed, and
which deserves the notice of the press every where.
Let our merchants remember the names of the man
ufacturers. and save themselves anti the community
Macon and Forsyth, about sixteen miles from eacli.-
Its internal polity is admirable : the youth arc taught
to feel that their relation to their instructors is that of
children to parents ; kindliness of feeling is cherished >
ttrbaifiiy of manners constantly inculcated. The sys
tem of ediK-atiOn is thorough; the. hours of study are
from six to seven, in the ftiorning, from eight to twelve,
from two to six, anil from eight to nine. The pupils,
in study hours, are kept constantly with the teachers;
out of school a strict vigilance is exercised, in order,
as far as may be, to close the avenues of vice.-
There is a Female Department under the care of
Mrs. Fay, daughter of Bishop Hopkins, ol* Vermont,
and one of the most accomplished ladies in the South
ern country. Suffice it to say, that the system adopted
is less obnoxious to objections than any within the
knowledge of ypttr correspondent, and is worthy of
all commendation. I may alladc to this subject atrain.
GIOVANNI.
Farmers’ Tost Office, Ga. July 3, 1841.
Messrs. Editors: According to previous arrange*
murr than from 40 to 50 -cents in the dollar.) and ; merits, a large collection of Ladies and Gentlemen,
th at debtors would be more likely to pay when they \ (say between seven and nine hundred,) convened at
Ci L"d discharge the debt for half the amount, than | this place, on this day, for the purpose of celebrating
if t .cy had topay 100 cents to thedollar. But to be | ° u r National Independence.
more explicit—I should say that something like the I At cIere " oV-lock, A. M. the Assembly was called
following will be found to be the condition of the j to onk "‘"' wben the Kevereud Mr. Smith (Chaplain)
Bank when it winds up its affaire, namely: Say | rose ’ “ d after mak,n f a few a PP™P^te and eloquent
with great surprise, and with a burst of indignation i the Cotton will Lsc $60, GOO 00; the Notes and ae- re ‘ narks ;?- e alld sa "S a >‘ appropriate hymn and
against the t3*ranny of the role, endeavored to pro- j counts due the Bank will lose, ill bail debts and ; ^kronc r C ^ '
cecd in spite of the efforts of the House to make j expenses in settling up, the sum of $’25,000: then, ’
him conform to order. He was obliged to sit down ! there arc claims for salaries and other expense, $9,-
at last. This speech was a fine specimen of what! 790 00; making the sum altogether, after deducting
the locofocos have to say against the bill. Having j the $1,627 00 surplus reported, of $93,003 00 deii-
no argument to advance against the measure itself, \ ciency, and it would not surprise me, from my
We have been* urgently requested by a
number of our frieuds iu Meriwether, to pub
lish the Oration delivered by Dr. E. C*
Hood, at the celebration ou the Sth at Farm
er’s. We should be happy to oblige them
if wc could consistently do so, without en
trenching too much , on our columns, and
giving; offence to other friends fo whom we
sent a special message—a biillias.been reported in the j
Senate, and we are happy u> see that the patriotic Sen.
aior from New York, (Mr. Tallmadge,) promises to
bring the subject before die Senate at the earliest day
possible. We hope this session of Congress will not
rise without passing a Bar.krupt law. It is considered,
in many parts of the country, as more i inportant than
any other measure. What are ail your Distribution,
your Banks, Ac, Ac., say they, if there is no relief for
the honest unfortunate debtor ?—Madisonian.
j have denied similar favors. The Oration
would occupy six or seveu columns, which
is more space than we can possibly devote to
that purpose, notwithstanding it is-an exceed
ingly able and interesting address. We must
therelpre deny ourselves the’pleasureof gtat-
ilying our friends in this particular, though
we insert, with pleasure, an account of the
celebration.
they take up the time of the House in random
speeches on the distribution hill, though it is already
disposed of, the one hour rule, and various other
topics having no connection with the loan. Their
main object seems to be to throw imjxv'itnents in
the way of action by the Whigs, and lengthen this
extraordinary session as much as possible. Yours.
Washington. July 10.
The opposition members in the Senate still keep
up the seeming endless discussion of the Bank bill.
They offer some trivial amendment and make six or
seven long speeches upon it, and thus they have
continued to spend the last four or five days in their
efforts to cripple the bill and make it as objectiona
ble as possible.
The Loan bill passed through the House to-day,
yeas 124, nays 93. It authorizes the President to
borrow twelve millions of dollars on the credit of
the United States, at six per cent, interest, reim
bursable either at the will of the Secretary of the
knowledge of all the facts, if the Bank should find
itself $100,000 00 short, in winding up its affairs.
I will now say something concerning the man
agement of the Bank, and begin with the meeting
Grace: then followed Dr. A. M. Wilker-
son, the Reader of the Declaration of our Independ.
ence, which he prefaced with a few truly eloquent
and appropriate remark?, and sat down amidst loud
and long cheering of his delighted auditory: after
which, with coolness and deliberation, Dr. E. O.
Hood, the Orator ol the Day, arose, and for one hour
delighted aud enchanted his audience witlt an oration
that would have done great credit to a much older
and more experienced head than his, which he de-
of the Stockholders on the Wth inst. When a list | UV * re f in strains of glowing eloquence ; so pathetic
„C , „ , . r , . .1 _ aml eloquent were his allusions and appeals, that i
ot stock was cvtllod, it was found that there was , ... , , „ , 11
, . . , , , . i ti t , caused the tcars t0 ran freely train the eyes ol many
not a majority of the stock represented. I he last | p a[r ; ot5
report of the Bank showed that there were 5640 j Aftcr the above 8erviceg were eoncIu(W the whole
shares of stock taken. An explanation lacing ask- j company sat down to one of the most splendid and
ed of the President, Dr. Hoxey, he stated that the j well served old fashioned Barbecues that it has fallen
City Council, which held 2090 shares, had been al- to tlia lot of man to see and partake,
lowed to withdraw their stock since the last report, The tables were spread out in one of nature’s most
and that some individuals had done the same. Col. i beautiful groves. All the materials of this delightful
Jones rose and stated that the stock thus cancelled
was illegally done, and that the parties, in his opin
ion, were as much bound for the liabilities of the
Bank as those who had not thus withdrawn.—
Those present, bong a minority, could do nothing
legally binding upon the majority’—consequently,
vhcre was nothing done in relation to the stock-
repast were furnished by the industrious Planters of
the vicinity, without having been ob’iged to lay out
one single dollar, thereby celebrating our National
Independence in an independent way, which, I pre
sume, is quite unlike your celebrations iu your large
towns and cities.
All seemed to enjoy the day in the best pessibffe I _
ro3nne|y_and no doubt they all left the place feeling I IlUVC condemned this ‘ OD.
From the letter of the New York corres
pondent of the National Intelligencer of the
30th ult. we extract the following :
“ The indebted Slates, with the exception
of Indiana, have all made arrangements to
meet the inteiest money which falls due to
morrow’.
“ Georgia also has promptly met her inter
est money, and reduced the amount of the
principal of her debt.”
It must be peculiarly gratifying to all, who
have any regaid for the credit and character
of the State, to learn that she is promptly
meeting her engagements, ami to late
“reform Legislature.” ks it is snereingly cal
led by our oppCnents, are we indebted for the
euactrncijt of the law setting apart a fund for
tiie payment of the public debt. If any one
should doubt this we refer him to pages 407?
8of the Journal of the House of Ilepresen*.
tatives, and he will there see from what party
the hill to set apart that fund proceeded; and
lay what party it was sustained. He will there
see, tliat of those who voied in favor of the
hill 72 were Harrison and II Van Buren
men. and of those who voted against it 5a
were Van Buren, and 11 Harrison men.
The debt was contracted by the Van Buren
party when in power, and we have seen them
tefusing to make provisions for the payment
of the intarest and principal of the money
. which tliey authorized the State to borrow,
j Will it be safe again to trust the credit and
| character of the State in the hands of that
! party.—Macon Messenger.
The Petersburg Intelligencer recalls the
fact, that Mr. V an Buren himself, in his let
ter to Sherrod Williams, of August 8,1839,
admits the power in Congress to incorporate
a National Band in the District of Columbia,
and only opposes the established of such aa
institution on the ground that it is, as lie sup
poses, unnecessary and inexpedient. The In
telligencer well asks, we should like to know
who among the friends of Mr. Van Buren
I
a
i
BHHHKKi
.— —
mm
- - -