Newspaper Page Text
■nWBM
HKT
PUBLISHED EVERY TUESDAY MORNING,
THOMAS RAGLAND & CO.,
PROPRIETORS.
4SS1STED IN THE EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT
S. W. FLOURNOY.
TERMS—Two Dollars and Fiptt Cents pei*an-
num, payable invariably in advance, or three dol*
lars if not paid in advance.
N'> Paper will be discontinued while any arrearage is
due, unless at the option of the publishers ; and four
Dollars will, in ull casts, be eiaoted where payiuentis
not made before the expiration of the subscription year
ADVERTISEMENTS
ConspiruouMvi{i*erted at one dollaii per one hundred
word*, for the first insertion, and fifty cents for
every subsequent continuance. A square in the En-
. quirar is the space of eleven lines in small type,con
taining, ns it does, one hundred words.
Legal Advertisements published at the usual rates,
a-id -vi'S -trict attention to the requisitions of the law.
. i
SCHOOL.
M RS. If. JOHNSON will re-nme her SCHOOL
rai MONDAY NEXT, the 9ih in.i. .
\rr A few ybuntr Ladies ran lie accommodated with
boanl.
ColtimhiM, Sept. 3,19*>0 35 tf
COOKING STOVES!
NEAR rilF. MARKET.
H WR just received a large, and well selected Stock
rf Cooking Stoves of the late 1 *! pattern*, the fi r e
King arid Queen of the West, patented 1850, all of
which I will s*-ll nt redu. .1 prices ; any of my Stoves
that do not prove as represented, will lie taken back and
the money refunded. Please give, me a call before pur
chasing. Plain nod Japaned Tin Ware of all kinds;
house keeping articles ; copper or tin gutters put up with
dispatch, in I own or country.
IXT- N. U. Hean COTTON or LINEN RAGS taken
for dues or trade at 31 cents per pound.
Mnv 21 21 tf
ColumbuG (inquirer.
A STRICT CONSTRUCTION OF TIIE CONSTITUTION——AN HONEST AND ECONOMICAL ADMINISTRATION
OF THE GOVERNMENT.
VOLUME XXIII.
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, TUESDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 29
1850.
NUMBER 44.
<f—| For Sale,
iL'JLfl-A small Dwelling House, near the Methodis
Church. Apply to J. FOGLE.
Columbus, Oct. 1,1850. 40 tf
a FOR SALE.
THE HOUSE ami Lot on Jackson street, in the
upper part of the cilv. where I now reside, adjoining
\Vm Y. Barden on the South, and Miss Stallings on the
North. Persons desirous of purchasing, are requested to
examine for themselves. U. D. S. BELL.
Oct 8 41 tf
COOKING STOVES
O F superior quality, which we warrant to give per
fect satisfaction. For sale at reasonable prices by
July 30 331 tfj HALL A MOSES.
$20 REWARD.
R UNAWAY from the subscriber, near Dover, Ala.,
on the 1st nit., PETER, a man of dark complex
ion, about 40 yearn of age, weighing some 100 pounds.—
He was seen about the 8th ult., in Newton county, and
formerly belonged to Felix Hardeman, of said county.—
I will |»ny twenty dollars reward for bis apprehension
and delivery to me, or confinement in some safe jail, so
that I can gel him. WM. A. CAMPBELL.
Dover, Ala., Oct 15 42 1m
Dyeing, Steam Pressing and
A T the Into stand of Maj. Thacker, where Dyeing
and Scouring will he done at the shortest notice,
and warranted colors by an experienced ft per, all colors
of yarn always on hand, already dyed. Also, Bleach-
ing,4fc., xSc.
N. I). Ladies wishing anv articles of Dress Dyed,
can have them done nt the shortest notice and in good
style. WILLIAMSON & SENGF.v
Columbus, June 4 v , m
Book and i Printing Paper.
T HE HOCK ISLAND FACTORY I. nnw prepared
ti. make either <*f the above articles, of the best yuiil-
tty, and_of any size and weight desired. Having a For-
giHid paper os any of
N1ER Plat*
A bargain
upon applici
rpm
e and
denier Machii
the Northern Mills. Onf
On hand, a fir*l rate article of Wrapping Paper.
D. ADAMS, Sur’y.
Columbus, Ga. Jau. M, 1850 4 tf
|v DRUGS AND„MEDICIN£S.
T HE subscribers having made extensive additions in
their stock, are now prepared to furnish nil in need
with every thing in their line. They offer a most ex ten- high state of cult i
$ive assortment of
SO A I*K A N Dj' PERFtT M ER1ES.
Thev have also lately received an invoice of
Drntnl nml Stirgi. nl IiistrumrntM,
a great variety, and carefully selected, to w hich we in
vite attention.
Also, Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Window Glass of all
sizes, Putty, Glue, Sand Pnjier, <Vc. Ac. Also,
Stockton's Premium Teeth,
comprising the most extensive assortment ever before
offered t" Demists in this region. Also, nn ample supply
of the most Approved Patent Medicine*, such os
Sands’, Townsend's, Pelletier,s Guysott's, Bull’s, and
all other SarsaparillRs; Jayne's, Tarrant’s. Sands’, Hib
bard's, and other preparations, Ac. Ac. Ac.
DANFORTI! A NAGEL.
April 24 _ 17tf_
GROCERIES, GROCERIES!
LIVELY A CLAPP,
K EEP constantly on hand, an extensive assortment
of GROCERIES generally, .
the lollowing articles :—
Fine Georgia cured HAMS, deciedly the best in mar
ket ; Tennessee SIDES and SHOULDERS, unsur-
passed in quality.
LIVE-GEESE FEATHERS, warranted of the best
quality. Their arrangements are such that they are j t
constantly receiving the above articles, which will be
sold at the lowest prices.
Also, BAGGING, HOPE, and all articles usually
kept in the Grocery line. We flatter that we can give
sati.,faciloti to all w ho may favor it* with a call.
PALACE MILLS FLOUR always on hand, and for
.ale by LIVELY A CLAPP.
Juno 11,1850 21
isling in part ol
PUBLIC SALE OF A
VALUABLE PLANTATION,
Plantation Tools, Mulos, Horses, Jacks,
Jenneys, Hogs, Cows, &c.
"ITTILL he sold on SATURDAY, the 30*t day of
YV November next, on the premises, the Plantation
where John Sims formerly lived,containing 1280acres,
400 of w hich is cleared, under good fence, and in a fine
slate of cultivation, and the place well improved. It
has a fine three-storied Gin-house, screw, Negro houses,
4 large Boilers and a Sugar-mill,and all other improve
ments on it necessary for a plantation.
Also, at the same time ami place, 40 head of cattle,
20 head of sheep, a number of fine Hogs, 3 Jenneys nml
a Jack, ami a set of Blacksmith tools. The Land will
be sold for one-third cash, nml the balance in one or two
payments, to suit the purchaser.
Tf.rms of snle. of the personal properly made known
on the day of sale. Said property belonging to the es-
tale of David C. Rose, late of Russel county, deceased,
ami sold for a distribution among the heirs.
MARY R. ROSE.
KT- Any |*reon wishing information, are referred to
Messrs. Hill A- Dawson. m. r. r.
October 15 42 7t
(pjg Valuable Land for sale.
-2- FOURTEEN HUNDRED Acres of I.and, 350
to 400 acres of which is fresh o|ien Land under good
fence, and in fine condition for cultivation, with all
necessary hou.-e:, out houses. Gin. screw, Arc., lying on
the waters of Wolf ami Ichavvay-notchiway creeks, in
Kumluipli county, and lately in the occupancy of Solo
mon Graves.
Any person wishing to settle a good plantation, having
every advantage of health nml location to make it de
sirable, would do well to examine this place, before ma
king a purchase elsewhere.
The Terms will Ik* reasonable, and long credit given,
(if desired). For further information please call upon
the undersigned, or address them at (’tilhhert, C«n.
BARZILLA! GRAVES,
LOUS A. GONEKE.
Oct 22 43 tlst.j
LAND FOB SALE.
O N the fir*t Tuesday in November next, will Ik* sold
at the Market-house, in the city of Columbus, lot
of Land No. U5. in the full district of Muscogee county,
containing 2021 acres, more or less, ami belonging io
the Bank of Augusta, Ga. Terms cash.
Oct 22 i43 HlsJ U. PATTEN.
Valuable Plantation for Sale.
L YING III the Itli District of Early county, contain
ing 5
of which is cleared, and in a
well improved, with a good !
Vo., and known as the JOHN LA-
.old to close the estate of said Lanier,
had in these valuable cotton lands,
Lukk Buss, in Fort Gaines.
43 3t
Plantation for Sale.
1IE Ruliacrilier offers for sale his Pluntatir
olph county, containing about
and sixty-five acres of laud ; about 250
tinder cultivation the present year; the
u of w hu h is forest land, ami finely adapt-
lire of cotton. This place is situated about
from Fort Gaines, and about the saiimdis-
sorgetowii. < )n the premises are good Ne-
>rn cribs, stables, Ate. Persons wishing to
i call on Mr. Thomas J. Southerland, on
on the subscriber at Fort Gaines.
143 3t| B. II. ROBINSON.
Oct 22
Plantation for Sale.
T HE subscriber offers for pale his LAN Do
TATIO.V where I
half sc
eighty
ohn
I PLAN
'S South*
Columbus, in Russel county, Ain., containing
n Oak ami Hickory land, one hundred and
cs cleared and in cultivation. On the Lund
I two
iid f
itll to
brick chimneys to it; all «
id screw, ami a well of ■
•<hI gin-hoi
100,000 lbs. Rags Wanted!
i pl 21
DKI'ltY MIMS.
39 If
jja Valuable Plantation for sale.
-2-TIIB MihtcTil.'r nflirra far rale iIh- plain whereon
he now eommnins of a Mfsutwn of I.,mil. 51
miles from Columbus, on the Gk
From the Advocate.
TO THE PEOPLE OF GEORGIA.
FcUovo-Cttizens:—After consultation with several
R entlemen from different parts of the State, during the
tie Fair of the Southern Central Agricultural Associa
tion held at Atlanta, the follow ing resolutions were ad
opted :
Resolved, That a Committee of five be appointed to
prepare and publish nn Address to the citizen* of the
Slate generally, respectfully calling their attention to
the importance of Common School education, and of
some united action for the advancement of that cause.
Resolved, That the interests of this great cause call
for the united counsel and co-operation of the entire
State; and that for this end we earnestly invite each
county to take the subject into consideration, and to
send Delegates to a Convention to be held nt such time
and place as the above committee, after consultation•
may designate, for the purjmse of maturing some practi*
cable system of common School education, to lie present*
ed to the next legislature.
No subject more deeply concerns us as a State, than
tliat pre-ented in the above resolutions. In all civilized
countries, general education is considered of vital im
portance. Prooerly conducted, it lies nt the foundation
of all that is valuable in the political and social relations
of mankind ; and in proportion as it is general, or limi
ted, thorough, or superficial, so will the State rank in
the scale of real greatness.
The State of Georgia is rapidly advancing, in many
respects, to the foremost place among her sisters of the
South. Her natural advantages and resources tire unsur
passed ; and the euterprizu and industry of her citizens
are beginning todevelopo these resources and to employ
these advantages. Iler ponulatinu is rapidly increasing;
and her capital liegins to ho largely invested in works
of internal improvement and commerce. A laudable
attention is beginning to Ire directed to Agricultural
mid Artistic improvements, as is abundantly shown in
the increasing numbers who attend our great Agricultu
ral Fair, and the interest taken in its exhibitions. In
past time, the appeal in behalf of these various improve
ments has been restricted mainly to the more wealthy
and educated, but now it is made to every class of citi
zens. All are now invoked, especially the farmers and
mechanics, to enlist in this c>million movement for ele
vating the State in all the elements of true greatness.
It is to tic feared, however, that the most important
means of realizing these desires and expectations is too
much overlooked. Before the body of the people can bo
efficiently enlisted in these enterprizes, they must Ire
enabled to understand the nature ond extent of the de
sired improvements, the means liv which they are to lie
accomplished, and the interesi which every citizen has
in the results. In no other way can a general and steady
co-operation Ire secured.
Now this is the business of education, intellectual and
moral, extending to every class of our white population.
Georgia has to recognize this truth from the earliest
days of her existence us a State. Her first Constitution
adopted in 1777, provides that “ Schools shall he erect
ed in each county, and supported nt the general expense
of the Stnte.” The endow ment of the University, and
of county Academies, and appropriations for common
and poor Schools, have followed at different periods in
obedience to this provision of our first Constitution.—
And in addition to these provisions by the Stale, private
nttinifieenco lias furnished the means of establishing
ninny valuable institutions of learning for both males
and females.
But while these various institutions furnish a highly
creditable provision for academic learning in our State,
nil the attempts of our Legislature to establish Common
Schools having been singularly unsuccessful. Various
schemes have been adopted, and then abandoned as
failures. So th.it after all that has been expended, there
is n lamentable deficiency of good Common Schools in
the Slate. The means of a good common education are
not furnished to the moss of our population. And yet
such an education is the right of every citizen under our
Constitution. The blessings derived by all front our
higher seminaries are indeed great, and we desire to see
them cherished and sustained ; hut yet vastly more is
dim to the great body «xf the |ieople who cannot avail
themselves of these higher advantages.
What then is to lie done? Shall we allow this sad
deficiency to continue ? Shall this greatest hinderauce.
to the elevation of our State .-till exist ? The failure of
our common school systems heretofore is mainly attrib
utable to three causes—
1. They have not been adapted in their details to the
actual condition and wants «.f our population.
2. There lias been no udequate Mipplyof well quali
fied .
Th.«
elmol teacher
To
• has h.
i itself.
>v«* III".
* little interest felt generally
obstacle!
id ellie
id to put i
ill iilau of general ednealioii,
.ally a work of great difficulty. This difficulty
fell especially is those portions of the State where the
lute |Miimlation i* very sparse. But yet something
list he done, and we think the undertaking a practieu-
i* one, if entered iqmii with an earnest zeal.
During the Sessions of our Legislntura there are so
my exciting questions, nud conflicting interests, that
tie time is left lor the eon.-ide ation of this subject,
mill which so few feel any real concern. In addition
this, few of our Legislators have cither the materials,
the thorough acquaintance with the subject itself,
mi which todigest any comprehensive plan of general
h;n
oral i
ap-
I.l w Inch lire cleared and
•d |)
good fe
lli.ig lb.
Legislature, hut tie
been unable to sugge-i
ASH pn
paid for clean Cotto
pound, when dative
smaller quantities. For old lieinj
of Ro|ies 11 cents |>er lb. deliver*
Island Factory, or nt their More-rt
the corner of the Oglethorpe lions
July 23
ml Linen RAGS, 4
i hi ipiaui Hies of 100
I when delivered in
nwgin* and pieces
i either at the lbs k
nn iri Columbus, on
1). ADAMS, Ser’y.
MARBLE WORKS
East sidi: of llroutl si reel, near the Market-house,
COLUMBUS, Oft.
H AVE constantly on hand all kinds of (iravc. Stones,
Monuments, Tombs, and Tablets, td American,
Italian, and Irish Marble. Engraving and Carving on
stone done in the best possible manner, owl n)J hinds of
Granite work at the shortest notice.
JOHN H. MADDEN.
1*. K.—Fillister of Baris and Cement always on hand
for sale.
March 5 10 tf
CALIFORNIA GOLD!!!
SXtdSX.SLPLEiSSJ-
FRENCH BOOT MAKER.
ij-^HAS Just received from New York a beautiful
assortment of Patent Leather Boot tops, also
Gaiter tops. Those in want of something elegant, w ould
Jo well to call on him.
Anv kind of Boot or Shoe made and warranted to
Repairing done with do-paleh and thunkfully ro
ved at
My gait's Range, Randolph Street.
fcolumhuH, April 23 17 tf
J. ;
with foil
i.vv'lor Cash, e *
WATSON.
34 8m
"PnnnFT. or k umbel's patent ima-
ij !fUUUohine*tretohe,] leather BELTING, from 1 to
•41 inches suitable for all kinds of machinery, Gin hands,
/&c. fiold by tie* subscriber for lea per cent advance on
manufacturer’s price*.
WADE &CO„ Sign Golden Saddle.
March 86 13 tf
CARRIAGE TRIMMINGS,
) ROAD and narrow Lares, Patent leather Top, and
is* and Cloth*. Tassel* and
Rubber and Patent Cloth,
Aug. 20, 1850.
&&Valuable Plantation for sale.
-•*- Til E-uliscriher olf*rs for sale a very valuable
Plantation, in Stewart minty, lying one mile cast of
Florence, containing 11 III acre*, 700 of which are
cleared and now in cultivation. On the premises are a
new framed DWELLING HOUSE with six rooms, a
(nn house, Screw, negro houses. Ac. The land i- well
watered, and one of the most productive Plantations in
Stewart county. Person* desirous of purchasing, are
invited to examine tlii* nlaiiintion ; the Hiibneriber, re
siding on it will lake pleasure in showing it. Terms
w ill In* made easy to the purchaser.
JOSEPH KING.
July 30, 185th 31 Im
Ggg* LAND FOR SALE.
—2—LOT No. 210 in the 9th district of Muscogee co.
Ga. formerly occupied l»y P. II. Smkad. Call on
T. J CARY,
at Cary A Stanford’s Machine Shop,
Aug. fi. 1850.—3in] on the hank of the river.
Valuable Lands for Sale.
THE subsorilxToffers for sale Ins Plantation in
rnunty, containing four hundred and fifty acre*
I, two hundred acres open, and all good oak and
pial to any for the production of corn
and cotton m ssoiithwestern Georgia. Also, the place
whereon he resides, in the fifth district of Randolph,
containing six hundred acres. Either or both the above
places will he sold low for cash,
Buk
of I;
hickory land,
Jin
e 85,1850
Carriage Stand For Sale.
1 .South.
hit'll i
r kind-
„. , . high ..
lent Cloth, : . .. . . a;,... to
Lamp* ami Varnish of all kinds, and a variety of other .. iti *.!#» w..l1 m
(irtkie. in ilte CAKKIABK TRIMMING LINE,all of " 1 “° 1 ' ln ""
which will be sold either at wholesale or retail, ns low
as run Ire bought in any market South, for cash or ap
proved credit. By WADE &. CO.
Col ambus, Dec. 18 Sign Golden Saddle.
TRUNKS.
S OLE LEATHER, lion Frame, Folio and Wood
Frame Trunks, the larg*-st assortment ever offered
lin this market, for sale low for cash, or approved credit
}8y WADE (V CO.
VS GOOD a <>iaud as there
western Georgia, for Carriage work.—
The sulrscriber offer* for sale this well
Carriage Shop at a reduced price, a* lie i* de.
r» retire to a farmer’s life. The shop is a very
II framed goml building, and none to surpass it*
lent* for work, well furnished with good Huffier,
mitli® simp, 25 feet wpiare, a dwelling two stories
good building, with other useful arrange-,
mention. Persons wanting to buy
and *e«. Possession will lie given
at any time. A bargain offered, and the ino-t^punctual
patrons lever worked for.
Per ha p* therefore no suggestion promise* hettei
suit* than the second resolution under which we i
write. If Delegate* Ik* sent from the several cotin
chos.n with reformer to this sneje matter, we liny li
for some good rc-«ffi from our unit.-.' wisdom and zeal.'—
We feel a-siin-d dial tlx: Legislature would not he back
ward to adopt the well digested reeomim*mlntioiiH of
such a body ; and that in any event, the meeting and
new interest into the public mind on tliiH important
Wo therefore earnestly invite each county to take up
the subject, audio send two delegates to a Convention
to be h Id in the city of Macon, on the second Wednes
day in December next, for the purpose of taking into
consideration the whole question of common school edu
cation. Delegate* should go prepared with all the nec
essary sIulineal information as to urea, number of chil
dren, number of schools. Ate., &c. The first Tuesday in
November would probably he u suitable day for tlie ap
pointment of Delegates. Let all the friends of common
education, whether many or few, determine to act
promptly in this business, tnut ovary portion of the State
may take part in these deliberations for the common wel
fare. Nothing is more worthy of our prompt and earnest
attention.
Fel ow Citizens : This i* emphatically the cause of
the people—that which lends to elevate and bless every
om* of our population. It deeply concerns our advance
ment in nil the elements of true greatness, physical, po
litical, social, intellectual and moral. And we arc sure
we utter tlm feeling of every true Gcorgiun, wdion wo
say, that in all these characteristics of greatness we de
sire our State to stand unrivalled, not hy the. depression
of others, but by raising herself to that commanding imjh-
ition THOMAS F. SCOTT.
ALONZO CHURCH,
S. FOIJCHE, Com.
B. SNIDER,
JAMES A. N1SBET
'Iflifniltmal Department.
UNDER TIIE EDITORIAL SUPERVISION OF
CHARLES A. PEABODY.
'Whatever concerns Agricultures, concerns ctory iubab
itant of thcGloho, for its interest* arc tho
interests of tho World.”
Sept 17
<^C
Columba-, Dec. 18
Sign Golden Saddle.
COPARTNERSHIP NOTICE.
T HE subscriber* having associated themselves to
gether, under the name and style of
LOCKHART A THOMA8,
will continue the Commi:
at Apalachicola, Fla.
Oct 8
ion ami Forwarding business
HENRY LOC KHART.
ROBERT H. THOMAS.
41 2m
Bolting Cloths!
B est article—anchok brand-
her* for sale.
Sept 17
C ORN SII ELLERS.—'On hand a fine assortment
of Corn Shallers.
July30 HALL & MOSES.
20,000 Buhesls
Prime Sun-dried Wheat wanted,
* I 50 for Red, and SI 02 for White, will be paid
in Cash, at WINTER’S PALACE MILLS.
Columbus, Ga. July 2, 1850 27 tf
HARNESS.
fMQACH. Barouche. Fu-vv. Dray and Wagm- inchi
f in
Col
2s32
THE nn
public gem
Stable. *
Livery and Sale Stable,
GIRARD, Ain.
Jersigned hereby inform* his friend* nnd the
rally, that lie has opened a Livery and Sale
so, Stall* and other accommodations for Dro-
vers. Mules and Horse*.
UT“ The building stand* on the corner of Bridge and
Brood street*, being the most conspicuous and conven
ient locution in town, and highly favorable to exhibit
stock for sale. He pledges himself to give satisfaction
in prices and attention to all who may |Hitroni*e him.
V. C. KIRKLAND.
Girard, Ala. June 18, 1850 25 tf
Silver Ware, &c.
SILVER SPOONS, of the latest patterns, warranted
SILVER FORKS made to order, and warranted.
Also, on hand, a large assortment of fine POCKET
KNIVES, of all pattern*.
SCISSORS—a large variety of the very best.
RAZORS—a very fine assortment, warranted.
pyJnxt received, and for sale wholesale and retail:
Fine Gf’.NS from $12... .to... .$150 ;
«• PISTOLS, “ 5....” 30;
Common “ “ 1....“
Colt’s REVOLVERS 25....” 35;
Game Bag*, Shot Pouches, Powder Flask*. Powder
Horns Walker’s Caps, Coxe’s hest Cap*, Dog Calls,
Dog Collars, Gun Wads, dec. Ate.
C. BRUNO k CO.
April 30 18
COBB’S PENAL CODE,
Columbuk, Dec. 18
\V.,DE A CO.
Sign Gulden Saddle,
Garden Manures applied in Fall and Winter.
Frequent complaint* arc made by those who aro
limited in their gardeniug operations, that whatever
manures they do apply to their gardens, burn up their-
crops when tho heat of summer comes on. We have
felt this iuconveuieuce too, nnd iu looking around to
find u remedy, have come to the conclusion that when
ever a garden requires active stimulating manures, they
should be applied iu the fall or winter; iti this way
rank stable manure may bo applied, and spaded or
plowed under immediately. It will have become by
spring the proper food of plants, and as all inanuroa
leech upwards, the surfuce soil will be ill fine condi
tion for the growth of vegetables; whereas if the mau-
uro is applied at plauting time, especially tho crude
tnauures generally applied hero, just as vegetables are
most required, they are fired by the action of the sun
ou the tnauttre, and tho gurdeuer has tho mortification
to find his labor and money throwu awuy. Whatever
mnuurcs are applied in the spring, should bo well rotted
or of a cooling nature. There are many families that
annually waste a barrel or two of leached ashes, xvhen
had it been applied to tho garden patch, they would
have had ” yeuily yorks” as well as their neighbors.
'I’lto soap suds from the wash tub is a tnauuro that
may bo applied with safety and with profit in tho
spring, and yot how few ever use them, except to en
rich tho earth around their kitchens, and tnako
loathsome mud holes, when perfumed flowers, luscious
fruits, and mammoth vegetables, might have boon
made by them. We do uot yet properly appreciate
tho importance of a garden. The bearing that it lias
upon the Imppinoss and health of u family, is pluinly
perceptible whenever we fiud a well conducted gardeu;
how highly important then that wo should understand
tho proper food of plants. Ho would cortainly bo a
mad physieiau who would give his fevered patients
stimulants to raise tho fever higher and higher, until
vitality was consumed. So with tho gardener, plants
are frcquoutly stimulated to death, for tho want of
proper cooling food. Our garden soils cau scarcely bo
too rich, hut it must be a richness retentive of mois
ture, and not as would bo the cuso if tho stable man
ure was applied in the spring, he a richness which
burned everything in contact with it. IIo, then, for
your wagons and your wheelbarrows, load them up,
nud cover your gardens quickly ; plow them up, turn
the muutiro under, and when the early seed time comes,
you need not fear but a harvest will follow.
Floworing Bulbs.
Of the Dutch bulbs, the Hyacinth \ind Tulip
are the favorites to bloom in tho house. 'Flic Tu
lips include all the early sorts, as also tho early
double Tournsol— double Due Van Tliol—Marri
age tie ma Fillc—and Rex Kubroruni. These aro
all very showy varieties; the Tournsol in partic
ular is of the most beautiful deep crimson, edged
with bright yellow. Tito Rex Kubroruni is little
inferior to a Pamny in size or color. The Mar
riage do ma Fillets variegated similar to a Carna
tion. Tho yellow Florentine is also very desira
ble (o flower in polu, ifs fragrance being little in
ferior to a rose, and blooms very early. A few of
the Tulip..\urcissus, Iris, and (hocus, may for
variety lie also planted with any other that curiosi
ty may dictate. When these are grown in pots,
tile soil should he four-eighths loam, two-eighths
leaf mould, one-eiglfflt decomposed manure, one-
eiglillt sand, well commit!tided; plant in pots from
four to seven incites, keep the crown of tin* bulb
above the surface of the soil, except of tho Tulip,
which should be covered two inches. When these
roots are potted, plunge them in the garden about
three incites under ground ; mark out a space suf-
ticienl to contain them; throw out the earth about
four inches deep, place the pots therein, covering
them with earth to the above depth, making it in
the form of a bed. Leave a trench all round to
carry oft’tlie rain. By so doing, the bulbs will
root strong, tho soil will he kept in a congenial
state about them, and they will prove far superior
than if done in the common method. Lift them
from this bed on the approach of Irost, or not later
than the second week of Dccombur, wash the pots
uud take them into the house.
ihuo.NiAs.—There are few plants more orna
mental titan these, and which, although not ex
actly bulbous, are so nearly allied as lobe always
included in a collection of bulbous flowers. Tito
whole ol this splendid genus are hardy. Among
those which have of late years attracted atten
tion, may bo mention ed the Fajonia bunksca mou-
tan, a shrubby Chinese variety, and usually grow
ing to the height of three to five feet, which, in
May, are loaded with very large double blush flow
ers, with feathered edges toevery petal. It is not
uncommon to see them iu the gardens of China
of the height of eight feet, (which they will at
tain here.) and from two to three hundred flowers
out at once. The foliage is light and graceful.
The Pupavarucoi is another superb Chinese vari
ety, with flowers ten inches in diameter, of a snowy
wnitencas, with purple centre. Of the herbace
ous sorts, the lliimci, (crimson) Whitliji, (white)
and Fragrans, take precedence ; the latter is of a
delicate light crimson with a rich rose perfume.
It would ho well to protect the tender buds of tho
P. Banksea with a slight frame or mat screen, as
hy the middle of March the flower buds are form
ed, and are not iinfrcqueully injured hy severe
after frosts—this care, however, is not necessary
south of Pennsylvania. Protect the flower from
the sun, as the colors become degenerated, and
premature decay follows.
Hyacinths begin to expand and show their colors
early in March ; hut these when in bloom,arc too
frequently neglected, being allowed to stand with
out rods, stakes, or any meaiis of support, like
wise equally exposed to drenching rains end
scorching suns; and the finest collections may ho
seen after heavy rains prostrate on the ground,
whereas a few hours’ trouble would give them the
requisite support, thereby preserving their beauty
much longer, and giving more gratification. As
soon as the stems advance to -any height, they
should he supported hy wires, rods, &c., and tied
slightly thereto with threads of matting, or any
other substitute, repeat tho tying as they advance,
avoid lying amongst the florets, because they grow
hy extension, and are liable to he broken off by so
doing. The sun deteriorates the colors very much,
especially tho red,blue,and yellow sorts; whereas
if they were simply protected from the sun by an
awning of thin canvass, the colors would be pre
served and the beauty protracted.
To Merchants.
T HE Hiib*crilK*r liti* now completed his BitpplioH of
GOODS for the Fall trade, and is able to show tho
most extensive and elegant atock of
RICH DRESS GOODS, .SILKS,
CLOTHS, CASSIMERES, Ac. &o.
to he found hi CHARLESTON, together with quito
A NEW VARIETY OF SHAWLS,
.MANTILLAS, Ac.
KFlfn invite* Merchant* vifiting tiie city, to call and
examine hi* block before purchasing.
W. G. BANCROFT,
tt7*253 & 255 King *t.
Charleston, S. C. Sept. 21, 1H50. 3<J fit
ig[gtm Books and Stationery.
"THE undersigned ha* now on hand, and
vgularly receiving a large and well *e-
■ lortinent of every thing iu hi* line, embracing
School Hooks, Law,
Histories, Medical,
Biograph ir.s, Scientific,
7 Vfl t els; Poet ica f,
English, Miscellaneous
French, and WORKS,
American Paper, of every kind.
All the choice Work* of the day, of both Eugli*h and
American publication*, may Ik- had on term* to *uil the
purchaser, at B. B. dcGRAFFENRIED’S,
under tho St. Mary’* Bank.
Sept. 21. 1850. _ 39
Grimes, Kyle & Thornton,
H AVFDiow on hand, a Large and well Aborted
Mock of GROCERIES, consisting in part of the
following article*:
India and Kentucky flagging;
Bain Rope and Twine;
SUGAR. COFFEE A TEA X
Salt, Molasses, Sperm A Tallow
Candles; Tobacco of all kinds;
Powder Shot and Lead ;
BACON, FLOIJR Ac., Ac.
Which they offer for sale at the lowewt Market Prices, glasses may he taken to the wannest apartments,
CARPETINGS. | to cause them to flower early. Bring a few from
onnn 31,1 >■ ■*■■*< in Km i„’ca,pet..<.f vert ‘I 10culdcst t0,l . 10 wa r r ' il , 08t ever y } wu , weck:> - r umJ
d-ffrable puttern*. Just received hy thus u succession Ot blOOOD may 1)0 kept up from
Oct 8 c. mygatt. 1 January to Mftroh.
oTimv riTTKns.Ij,,., r ,.,, u( . Supply «'•<: b “ 1 J“ wlthlVyrtwster once .week,
55>t ralv (.'utter*. For bale by | in which period they will inhale ult tho nutritive
Plants in Rosins.
All the varieties of Polyanthus Narcissus aro
well adapted for in-door flowering. The Grande
Monarqnennd Roman arc charming flowers, tho
latter is perhaps the earliest of all bulbs ; ifpotted
in October or November, it will bloom by Christ
mas ; the flowers are four or live in number, of a
delicate satin white, with double cups of a rich
jessamine perfume.
Hyacinths and other bulbs that arc intended to
flower in glasses, should he nlaced therein during
i October und November, and kept in a cool room.
Alter the fibres begin to push a few shoots, tho
are in a growing state. Fill the glasses with
water, so that tho bottom of tho bulb may just
touch it.
The water should ho changed as it becomes im
pure ; draw the roots entirely out of the glasses;
rinse off the fibres in clean water, and wash tho
inside of tho glasses well. Care should bo taken
that the water does not freeze, as it would not only
hurst the glass, hut cause the fibres to decay.
December, January and February, is the trying
season for all plants that are kept in rooms, espe
cially those that are desired to have a nourishing
aspect through the winter, a few general instruc
tions will perhaps hr? desirable to all those who
arc engaged in this interesting occupation, which
forms a luxury through the retired hours of a
winter season, and with very little attention many
are the beauties of vegetative nature that will be
developed to the gratification of every reflecting
mind.
Plants that are kept in rooms, generally aro
such as require a medium temperature, say 40.
Sitting rooms or parlors, about this season, are,,
for the most part, heated from 55 to 05, and very
seldom lias tho air any admittance into these
apartments, thus keeping the temperature from 15
to 25 higher than the nature of the plants requires,
and excluding tliat fresh air which is requisite to
support a forced vegetative principle. Therefore,
as far as practicable, let the plants bo kept in a
room adjoining to one where there is fire heat,
and the intervening door can he opened when de
sirable. They will admit sometimes of being as
low as 33.
If they ho constantly kept where there is fire,
let the window ho opened some inches, two or
three times a day, fora few minutes, thereby mak
ing the air of the apartment more congenial, both
for animal and vegetable nature.
There are very lew plants killed for want of
water, during winter. All that is necessary, is
merely to keep the soil in a moist state, that is,
do not let it get so dry that you can divide tho par
ticles of earth, nor so wet, that they could he
heat to clay. The frequency of watering can he
best regulated hy the person doing it, as it depends
entirely upon the size of the pot or jar in propor
tion to the plant, whether it is too little or too large,
and the situation it stands in, whether moist or
arid. Never allow any quantity of water to stand
in flats or saucers except bulbs. This is too fre
quently practised with plants in general. Such
as Calla Acthiopica, or African Lily, will do well,
as water is its element, (like Sagittaria in this
country,) and the Ilydragea hortensis, when in
a growing state, will do admirably under such
treatment. Many plants may do well for some
time, hut it being so contrary to their nature,
causes premature decay; a fetid stagnation takes
place at the root, the foliage becomes yellow, and
the plant stunted ; and iu the winter season, death
will ensue. Clean the foliage with sponge and
water frequently, to remove all dust, &.c. Turn
the plants frequently, to prevent them growing to
one side.
Camellias, when in hud and flower, should nev
er he allowed to become the least dry,neither con
fined from fresh air. The effects would be, that
tho buds would become stinted, dry, and drop off.
Therefore, to have these in perfection, attend strict
ly to watering. Give frequent airings, and wash
the leaves once in two weeks with water. Never
keep them above one day iu a room, where there
is a strong coal lire, and not above two days where
wood is used as fuel. Most Camellias will hear
three degrees of frost without tho smallest injury,
so that they are easier kept than Geraniums, ex
cept when they are in bloom. In that state, frost
will destroy tho flowers. The air of a close cel
lar is destruction to the buds.
July 30 [31 tfj
IIALL A MOSU& I gas that they Uurivo from tliut clement, if they
&vfiumnttn ajjafnistj Btottnfoit.
Farming of Robert Bakowell.
The celebrated Mr. Robert Bakewell, of Pisli-
ly, Leicestershire, and the founder of tho New
Leicestershire sheep, used to tell an anecdote with
exceeding high glee, of a farmer, not only of the
olden school, hut of the golden times.
This farmer, who owned and occupied one thou
sand acres of land, had three daughters. When
his eldest daughter married, he gave her one quar
ter of his land for her portion, hut no money; nnd
he found hy a little more speed, and a little better
management, the produce of his farm did not de
crease. When his second daughter married, he
gave her one third of the remaining land, for her
portion, hut no money. JIc then set to work, and
began to grub up his furze and fern, and plow up
what he called his poor, dry, furze land, even
when the furzo covered, in some closes, nearly
half the land. After giving half his luud away to
two of his daughters, to his great surprise, he
found tliat the produce increased—he made more
money, because his new broken-up furze land,
brought excessive crops, and at the same time, he
formed the whole of his land better; for he em
ployed three times more laborers upon it; ho 4 rose
two hour* sooner in the morning; had no more
dead fallows once in three years, instead of which
Jjo got two green crops iu one year, and ole them
upon the land. A garden never requires a dead
fallow. Rut the great advantage was, that he
got the same money to manage five hundred acres
as lie had to manage the one thousand acres.
Therefore, lie laid out double the money upon the
land. When his third and last daughter married,
he gave her two hundred and fifty acres, or half
which remained, for her portion, and no money.
He then found that he hail the same money to
farm one quarter of the land, as ho had at first, to
farm tho whole.
He, (Mr. Bakewell,) began to ask hitnsolf a
few questions, uud set his wits to work how he
was to make as much of 250 acres, as he had
dono of one thousand acres. Ho then paid off
his bailiff, who weighed twenty stones, rose with
the lark, in tho long days, and went to bed with
tho lamb—he got as much more work dono for
his money—he made his servants, laborers, and
horses move faster—broke them from their snail’s
pace—and found that the eye of the master quick
ened the pace of the sorvant. He saw the be
ginning and ending of everything; and to his
servants anil laborers, instead of saying, “ Go and
do it,” ho said to them, “ Let us go, my boys, and
do it.” Between come and go, he found a great
difference. He grubbed up f lie whole of his furzo
and ferns, and then plowed tho whole of hia poor
grass land up, and converted a great deal of corn
into meat, forsake of the manure, and he pre
served his black water; (tho essence of manure)
cut his hedges down, which had not been planted
for forty or fifty years; straightened his zig fences,
cut Itis water courses straight, and gained a deal
of land hy doing so; made dams and sluices, and
irrigated all the laud he could; he grubbed up
many of his hedges and borders, covered with
hushes, in some places from ten to fourteen yards
in width, some more in his small closes, some not
wider than streets ; and threw three, four, five,
and six closes into one. lie found out that, in
stead of growing white-thorn hedges, and haws
to feed foreign birds in tho winter, he could grow
food for man, instead of migratory birds. After
Jill his improvements, lie grew more, nnd made
mure of two hundred add fifty acres, than ho did
from one thousand; at the samo time, lie found
out that half of England, at that time, was not
cultivated, for wunt of means to cultivate it with.
“ 1 let him rams, and sold hitn long-horned bulls,”
said Mr. Bakewell, “ and told him the real value
of labor, both in doors und out, and what ought
to be done with a certain number of mon, oxen,
and horses, within a given time. I taught him to
sow less, and plow better—that thore were limits
and measures in all things—and that tho husband
man ought to he stronger than the farm. I told
him how to make hot land colder, and cold land
hotter, light land stifter, und stiff land lighter. I
soon caused him to shuko off all his old, deep-
rooted prejudices, and I grafted new ones in their
places. I told him not to breed inferior cattle,
sheep, nor horses, hut tho best of each kind, for
the best consumed no more than tho worst. My
friend became a now man in his old age, and died
rich.”—Agricultural Gazette.
Hon. M. J. Wellborn’* Address,
TO TIIE
Voter, of tho Second Congreuioiul DUtriot.
The solicitations of the citizens of the District,
connected with the fact, that circumstances may
delay my return to Georgia for a few weeks, have
induced me to address you a political letter.
Will Georgia by way of resenting the late bills
passed by Congress bearing oti tho interests of
slavery, sccedo from tho Union, or otherwise “ re
sist ” its Government ? Having reacliediCongresa
as your representative under the fear that hostile
legislation by this Government, levelled at slavery,
would render such a step necessary, and having
entertained apprehensions for years, not dismissed
from my mind, that the aversion of Northern opin
ion and feeling to slavery will sooner or later and
in some way or other lead to either the overthrow
of the South or of the Union, I jpiopose now to
offer some comments on tho late measures, with
a view to sliow that, although not justly satisfac
tory in every particular, they compare well, as a
series of measures, with settlements heretofore
made between the slaveholding and non-slave-
holding sections, of disputes respecting slavery—
to show, in fine, that wo can honorably acquiesce
in them.
The Utah and New Mexico Territorial bills are
obviously more iavorablo than such as we have,
until within n few months past, with or without a
division of her boundaries, been accustomed to de
mand. They exceed in essential particulars, of
great value to the South, the provisions of tiie
now somewhat historical peaco measure proposed
hy Mr. Clayton ill 1848. In that scheme, the au
thority of the Territories to adopt slavery prior to
tho organization of State Constitutions, was ex
pressly withheld from them—while it was simply
silent on the subject of the great, and by the North,
hitherto uniformly denied right of the people of
Territories organizing State Governments, to
adopt slavery and'to bo received into the Union
without objecting for that cause. Not so with tire
Utali and New Mexico bills. There is nothing in
them which stands in opposition to the introduc
tion within the Territories to which they apply, of
slavery, at any moment; and the right of the peo
ple inhabiting them, to adopt it in their anlicpa-
ted State Constitutions, without obstructing |to
thoir incorporation into the Union, is expressly
guarantied. Yet tiie Clayton Compromise received
tiie unanimous support of Southern Democrats
and an overwhelming majority of Southern Whigs
in both Houses of Congress; and it is frcsli in
memory tliat no terms of censure were deemed
too severe to ho visited on the few dissenting
Whigs, South, hy whose opposition tho bill was
destroyed. Whether they are not likely to incur
as much reproach now for abandoning to a partial
extent what they then contended for, isjjnot very
clear.
The investigating habit of tho late ex-President
Polk’s mind, his sound judgment, and the known
caution with which lie selected his lineofIpolicy,
have given inure than] ordinary stress to his opin
ions in the estimation of his countrymen. Treat
ing of these Mexican territories in his annual
message of 1818, lie held the following language:
“ The question is believed tn be father abstract than
practical, whether slavery ever can or would eiist in
any |>ortion of tho acquired territory, even if left to the
option of the several slaveholdinjr Stales themselves.
1* rnm the nature nf the climate and productions, in much
the larger portion of it, it isceriain it could never exist;
and in the remainder, the probabilities are it would not.
But. however, this may tie, the question, involving as it
does, n principle of equality of rights of the separate nnd
several .States, as eqnnl cu-partners in the confederacy,
should not he disregarded.
“In organizing governments over these Territories, no
duty imposed on Congress by the Constitution require!
that they should legislate ou the subject of slavery, while
their power to do so is not only seriously questioned, but
denied hy many of the soundest expounders of that in
strument. Whether Congress shall legislate or not, the
people of the acquired Territories, when assembled in
convention to form State constitutions, will possess tiie
sole und exclusive power to determine for themselves
whether slavery shnllorshnll not eiist within their lim
its. If Congress shall abstain from interfering with the
question, the people of these Territories will he left free
to ndjusl it us they may think proper when they apply for
ndmissiunasStates iulothe Uuion."
And again :
“ It is fortunate for the peace and harmony of the Union
llml tliis question is in its nature temporary; and can on
ly continue for llio brief period which will intervene be
fore California nnd Mexico may lie admitted aa States in
to the Uuion. From the tide of population now flowing
intu them, it is highly probable that this will soon occur, 0
It is thus soon tliat while tiie present Congress
have not followed the recommendation of Mr.
l’olk, in tiie respect of observing complete silence
respecting slavery in its legislation—it has depart
ed from it in only one essential particular it has
affirmed and grafted on the record of its legislation,
tho principle so important in itself as a leading
doctrine in American politics—so vastly necessa
ry ns a conceded truth in our federative system of
government—and which was permitted to be ex
orcised in the case of Missouri's admission, only
at such an immense cost, viz: the right of the peo-
plo to regulate for themselves their forms of social
labor, including slavery, and their right, irrespect
ive of those forms, to freely come as States into
the Union. I nm not unconscious that the value
of this stipulation is somewhat impaired in tho
eyes of some, and very properly so, by tho fact that
the probability is, that for various causes, the peo
ple of these territories will not call the expressed
privilege into exercise. But while this course of
reasoning had perhaps a determining influence on
some members of the non-slaveholding States
in bringing them to vole for the bills, there were
many others who advocated them to whom, if we
may trust the actions and statements of honorable
men, such convictions were of no consequence
whatsoever. Tho proposition, as an abstract one,
that slaveholding States, equally with those non-
slavcholdlng, may come into the Union on occa
sion, is—contrary to the fears of many, South
distinctly prevalent, I do suppose, in the minds of
a decided majority of tho present Congress.
In referring to the sentiments of Mr. Polk, Ido
not wish to be understood as limiting unqualifiedly
my views of the duty of the Government respect
ing slavery to those expressed by him. I do not
doubt that it is the duty of this Government, on a
just interpretation of inherent equities io (ho com
pact of the Union, nnd by a fair application of the
analogies dcduciblc from it, to go further in sup-
posible emergencies than Mr. Polk asked for in
the extracts just copied—further than the democ
racy generally, (not including myself, however,
lor 1 have always held opposite opinions,) fur
ther, I may add, than tho “South” generally lias
asked for—that is non-intervention—the letting it
alone—tho leaving it to simple guarantees of the ,
of the Constitution. Let us suppose, for example, j
so melancholy a case as our being threatened with
a plethora of population—a suffocation of white
und black huddled together,on an area become too
restricted for them, can there be a well founded
doubt tliat it would be the duty of this Government,
surrounding territorial relations being such as to
honorably admit of it, to step in and help the surplus
slave population to the needed relief—and, in such
a uocossity, if not accommodated with suitable
legislative safeguards to new homes, would it not
bo a novel passago in American history if we did
not help mtrsekcsl It is perceivable, however, that
Mr. Polk did not fall upon the thought that if
Congress did not go forward and legislate for a
repeal in these territories of contestible local laws,
of previous enactment, and of doubtful validity both
original and secondary, that the States of the South
by acquiescing, would lose their honor in the Con
federacy, and were bound to abandon tho Union.
Quito tho contrary. The etfbrt with hitn seems
to have been rather to koep off jurisdictional inter
ference of every kind, having an eye primarily
to tho fact that “the question was rather abstract
than practical,” and secondarily, we may reason,
to the compensating usture of non-intervention in
its application to the great and available general
ortheiMknknrfalM^IMtvM
P °im b e .? in « e ‘’ n " hlck » D0W •*!
at will Indisputably ■«. And. iintinasn
me to aay, that occasions may w anticius
the vast future that tnreadaotit *
the active energies of this governmentmUtta
justly invoked to their ntmostverge,to»stoS**Ii
to territorial expansion—end ihie .t (hTperfl rfi
just, and, Indeed peoeseary disruption of the tin
that now onite us—yet must it nut be In cirena-
stances different from any that now exlst-and with
a view to something mon "praetteaP tad ten--
“abtsract” than la visible in theanonakmsfbrma-
tions of sand plains, barm rocks, secreted val-
iT ys i?U. d frozen ooontaine of New Mexico and
Utah? Recent political history aodenaent substan-
tiahties must qniet, I suppose or Mlber Midi any
considerable complaint ag&infttl)6t0TVitdlriil ; MUt.
The boundary bill proposes • cMaionfev Mtafea
of 70,000 square mil*, outlie tendtoryin
between her and the United States, of whichThl
round numbers, about 40,000 are below and 10.000
above the line of 36 30, to be embraced, or rather
continued, in New Mexico—less by 30,000 so
miles than the quantity embraced by Mr. Clay’s Hit”
Should slavery seek to enter this territory, bit uot
likely to do so through the Identical part proposed
to be purchased of Texas, should she agreeto
cede it as we must suppose she will t Should it
find way into the moet southernly part, it will bv
virtue of the unity of the Territory and thenatnro
of ita laws, pervade the northern part also, and
thus remove tho Wilmot Proviso now contingently
rowing over it At ail events the payment of tho
debts of Texas—they beiog Incapable of distribu
tion among new States to be formed of her territo-
ry—1» necessary to enable her to supply to the
confederacy the additional number (3) of slava
States, which she is at liberty to do by snb-divls-
ion,—at the Bame time the advance of the stun pro
posed by a general concurrence of Southern votes
may be a not i nappropriate stimulus to the exercise
on suitable occasions of the discretion with which
she is clothed in respect of dividing or remaining a
unit. On the whole it is the opinion of her repre
sentatives in Congress, and is in itself probable
that the slaveholding interest is not more weaken
ed by the proposed cession! in virtue of the mere
possibility that the sterile, uUninviUng.and remote
wastes embraced in this session may at some dis
tant day be made the materiel of an additional and
seperate free State, than they are compensated
for in the modes mentioned. Should free soil cu
pidity run so high as to forth wantonly to fabricate
States, there would seem to be no occasion to feel
at loss for materials out V New Mexico. It may
find in the free States themselves, enough of terri
tory and of population to form, by subdivision, any
conceivable number of new States.
Are not the arguments in favor or the bill, on
review, irresistible ? In surveying the relations
we bear to the creditors of Texas, are we not
bound on the principles of the laws of nations and
of common integrity, to pay their claims? Some
of them come to the door of tfab nation's consdenco
with a written pledge in their hands of the identi
cal rei-etiuej we are daily diverting from tho porta
of Texas into our own treasnry—a pledge of older
date than the assignment of (hem to ns a pledge
of which we knew when we received them. And
I am about to put tho question to the nation’s con
science— Ib there any honorable escape from them?
And if this bo so, and is it not so I is not the
whole case made up at once in favor of the boun
dary bill 1 But suppose we can honorably and
safely evade these demands, yet are wa not called
on, by the most persuasive considerations, to meet
Texas in the honorable and praiseworthy effort
she is now making to do justice to those who
years ago in her necessities assisted her, and to
whom Bhe pledged the very funds which we, with
a full knowledge of the facts, and with a view to
our own aggrandizement, subeequently received
from her? Must she not be suppoeed to feel keen
ly the exposure of her State character in this dis
crepancy and conflict of claims between her cred
itors and ourselves to her custom receipts and oth
er sources of iucome ? And will we, despite a
plain complicity on our part with the category in
which she stands and must stand until relieved—
can we, I repeat, refuse to concur in thua enabling
a confederate, a Southern confederate, to relieve
herself from such a hitter and embarrassing emer
gency ? Will the South, who has suffered wrong
refuse to do justice} Is her honor bo deeply en
dangered by Northern aggression, that she will
cease to care for it herself? And how long will
it be possible to cover beneath a cloud of paaaion
the true nature of this issue?
But there aro other considerations of lha most
impressive nature which concur in behalf of this ■
bill. Poor and ignorant as are the population of
New Mexico, there are yet among them men not
destitute of feeling. They aro a community, and
an old one. They have a unity, and homes. They
cannot be brutes that they should be altogether
without sentiments. They are separated from the
seat of government and the principal settlements
of Texas, by extensive and scarcely traversable
wastes, roamed over by wild and often predatory
Indians, have nothing in common with Texas, and
to be inconveniently to her and themselves, gov
erned by her if governed at all. I put the question
to Ainericanjsympathies, which so often grow elo
quent with tho partitioning of Poland, and aro
running over tho world in quest of objects of exer
cise, if other things uniting to render it not only
not necessary but to avert it, if it be not a harsh pro
cedure to arrest from New Mexico her capital,
distribute her teritory, and sink her people as inte
gral members, in States which to them aro bnt for
eign? We have proved our courage. Commend
me to a magnanimous people.
Again : usage in similar cases in past history,
founded in a sense of comity among the confede
rates, demands our approval of toe proposition,
Texas desiring it Will Georgia, who has per
forated the same act, oUset? Especially was it de- .
mended by the critical exposUM of the troops of
the government and the excited militia ol Texas
who, in obedience to orders, were liable at any
moment to a collision that weuld have probably
involed consequences in comparison'UritoivMcb,
into what insignificance does not the paltn dis
pute pending about a few valueless aoree of land?
Able and honorable votes against this bill. ' a
No votes cast by the Congress of the U. States
since the memorable peace tariff of 1831 equals
that by which the Texan boundary bill was passed,
(have I not shown it?) in either the multiplicity
and power of arguments by which U was support
ed,and none, it may be added, has bptm honored by
stronger proofs of the power of the natkiaV repre
sentatives in every quarter to inour personal sac
rifices, on occasions of pressing pqbpo emeigency,
to serve the great interests of thd’ peblle a&irs.
The nation now as then will, finally, unitedly atpl
cordially approve it.
The act for the abolition of the slavbjnde i|k thi%
District, is very differently estimated by slave hold-'
ere of the same anTeven an extreme class of
opinions. As a police regulation, toe sentiments
of tho city and district, including slaveholdsinaeem
to be ln favor of it. It Ib the revival in snltetanee
of a former law of the District brought from ti"
Maryland code with her cession, and Im been <
ecuted by the courts of tho District. *“ ”
strange if in times of high excite"
bearing of measures should not be l
coived. It msy befoUowtdky aba
self in the District, it can hardly p,
er the scenes the trade sometimesb.
here, the food for anti-slavery aentl-,-,
or it often generates, exposed M Is j
question to so extensive and val' '
not hasten more npid|y the |
ry feelings than will the atLrp.*
question on which difference of Oiaumu nuu. ,,
it be to be abolished, itia doubtful whether a msec
favorable opportunity could bare arisen thaU WSK
furnished by the passage, at too same tlme,,pfthe
numerous and more important tasaaoius toeChleg
the same general subject. It so hepp—“* **-•
circumstances found me oat of the city c.
of the passage of the bill—having paired (
day. Had I been present, I should r^ 11
resentatlve, have east my vote again
Having so often <
circumstances tratu r
political rights of the _
admission of Califtteldajl
giving very briefly my N
admission as being,xol th
of being endured at least. ——.
of those causes which fevond, if
tually produce toe unanimous iu,
mem that found expression In the
State constitution of Callfonde.
that limy originated in no set of _
Anarchy reigned in California, ib <
voters who might have assembled In p.
ting numbers Md lets been risen the
the more certainly found their way there I
t ailing fore# in the sheened Cf it. ItilL u»,
i bout the amount of it? Whstoir reretto would