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BY JAMES VAN NESS; PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING, IX THE “GRANITE BUILDING,” ttX THE CORNER OF OGLETHORPE AND RANDOLPH STREETS. T.i.l vis —3 io*<:ri|uon, three dollars per an n im. -taxable in advance, tuh.ee Dollars asd a hut at the enl of six months, or foua dollars, (in all c iscj ) where payment is not made before the expiration of the year* No subscription received for less than twelve months, without payment in advance, and no paper discontinued, except at the option ol the Editor*, until all arrearages are paid. ADVERTISEMENTS conspicuously inserted at ose dollar per one hundred words, or less, for the first insertion, and fifty cents for every subse quent continuance. Those sent without a specifica tion of tho number of insertions, will be published until ord :red out, and charged accordingly. Id. Yearly advertisements. — For over 24, and not exceeding S6 lines , fifty dollars per annum ; for ovr 14, an.l not exceeding 2 l lines, thirty-Jive dollars per annum ; for less than 12 lines, twenty dollars per annum. Sd. All rule and figure work double the above ptices. Lkual Advertisements published at the usual rates, and with strict attention to the requisitions ol the law. All Sales regulated by law, must be made before the Oourt House door, between the hours of 10 in the morning atvl 4 in the cvering—those of Land in the county where it is situate ; those of Persona! Property, where the ietters testamentary, of admin istration or of guardianship were obtained—and ore required to be'previously advertised in some public Gazette,as follows: Sheriffs’ Sales tinder regular executions for thir ty rIYYs, under mortgage fi fas sixty days, before the dav of sale. Sales of Land and Negroes, by Executors, Ad ministrators or Guardians, for sixty days before i the dav of sale. > Hales of Personal Property (except Negroes) forty DAY'S. Citations by Clerks of the Courts of Ordinary, upon application for letters of acliuuustFßtKin,must be published for thirty day's. Citations upon application for dismission. I>v Executors, Administrators or Guardians, monthly for SIX MONTHS. Orders of Courts of Ordinary, (accompanied with a copy ol the bond or agreement) to make titles to l and, must he published three months. Notices by Executors. Administrators or Guardians, of application to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell the Land or Negroes of an Estate, four months. fioTirK* by Executors or fi dniinistrators, to the Debt ors a.id CrediiOrs ol ap Estate, for six weeks. Sheriffs, Clerks of Court, Sic., will be allowed the usual deduction. ft 33 s * Letters on business, must be post paid, to entitle them to attention. From the N. Y. Evening Post. Th3 o ontroversy between the Governor of Virginia and the Governor of New York, in re lation to the delivery of persona escaping from one State into another to avoid the penalties of tho law, is a very serious one, and if not. ju diciously settled, may draw after it the most inconvenient consequences. From such re flection as we have given the subject, we are very much inclined to think that Governor Seward is in the wrong.” We give in the com munication which foUo’iVF, a condensed exami nation of the grounds taken by him in his cor respondence with the Executive of Virginia. For ilia Evening, Post. The controversy between the Govcrnbr off New York and Virginia, has given occasion to it great deal of correspondence between those functionaries: hut it does not appear to have I Interested the public in proportion to its in trinsic importance. The timer. ;y come, how fever, when we shall attend to it as to some thing which really concerns ourselves. To Virginia the subject is of the utmost impor tance; and whatever agitates Virginia, must to some degree affect every other State in the Union, so intiniato are our relations with e icli other. It is not less our interest than our da- 1 ty to study this controversy, that we may not buffer the Governor needlessly to embroil us ■ with another Bta’e. J The facts are thesf?. Virginia lias a laY- j blder than th 6 revolution, making it felony to j steal a slave from his owner. Three men now in New York are charged in Virginia, with having stolen a slave from his owner at Nor folk some two or three years ago. The Gov ernor of Virginia demands the criminals—the Governor of New York refuses to surrender them, on the ground, that stealing a slave from ; his Owner is not a crime within the meaning or the Federal Constitution. He hold? that H “crime” within the meaning of the Constitu tion, is one recognized by the law sol the (State to which the offender lias tied, or by the laws generally prevalent among civilized nations. The Constitution provides, Art. 4, Sec. 4?, as follows: “1. The citizens of each State shall bo en titled to all the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States. “2. A person charged in any State with trea son, felony, or other cruna, who shad tbe from justice, and be found in another State, shal', on the demand of the Executive authority ot the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime. “3. No person held to service or to labor in one State under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall,’ in consequence of any law or regulatiom therein, be discharged from such service or lab >r; but shall be delivered up, on claim of the party to whom such labor or ser vice may be due.” I give the whole section for the purpose of showing, not merely the particular provision concerning the delivery of fugitives from jus tice, but the context. Now, under those provisions, I maintain that the Governor of New York is board to surren der those accuse! persons to the justice of Viiginia. In the view l take of the natter, the duty of the Governor of New York under the Constitution, is in no degree dependent on the question, whether these men are guilty'or not. Their guilt or innocence is to be judge.!, not in New York but in Virginia. It is an es sential attribute of sovereignty, that each State should make and administer its own laws.— The courtesy of nations, and that more perfect courtesy,and intiuntc union that binds togeth er the American States, requires us to pre sume that each State will act uprightly and do justice. Nor do I embarrass myself with the ques tion, whether the charge against those men is sufficiently made cut, m the piper presented to the Governor. I must assume for the pur poses of argument that the charge is sustain ed by proper evidence. Governor Seward dc nies the obligation to surrender, assuming the charge to be made out. It is upon this point, that i propose to examine his op nions. -My reasons shall be given in the most condensed form possible. 1. The fair import of the language, requires the Governor to surrender those men. They are charged in Virginia with a crime, accor ding to the laws of that Stat’\ But, says Governor Seward, it must be a crime accor ding to the laws generally prevalent among civilized nations. Is it not a plain and conclu sive answer, that there is no such qualifica tion iu the constitution! A crime is an of fence against the laws of Virginia. Her leg islature makes criminal what acts it pleases. A person charged with those acts, is a person charged with a crime in Virginia. 2. Any other interpretation leads to absur dities. The two explanation ot the Govern or are inconsistent With each other. If “crime” jnea is a rnnv in a State to which a person Ins fled, then .!) t Constitution would require of the Gove ■= r of one State what it did not require of a t her ; and different duties from successive ‘ - rem ore of the same State— The a B*!im % cf the erinf.iil code of a THE COLUMBUS TIMES. State would make it an asylum for criminals from other States. It would enable one State by abolishing its criminal code, to absolve it self entirely from its duty to deliver criminals. It “crime” moans cr.me according to the la vs generally prevalent among civilized nations, then for an offence not generally recognized by off er nations, the Governor could not sur render one who had been guiity of an offence made infamous by the laws of both New York and Virginia. Besides, how vague and uncer tain a rule would it be. Who is to determine what are civilized nations, what are the laws generally prevalent among them ? Is it Gov ernor Seward of New York, or Governor Campbell of Virginia, or Governor Boggs of Missouri? And how fluctuating! Many acts were crimes among all civilized nations two centuries ago, which n£>w are no crimes at all. At this day, all Europe acknowledges for crime, what in America is none, sacrilege for example. The slave trade is in our day piracy, which a century ago was a lawful and j honorable ts .flic. •‘3. The purposes of the provision in the con stitution require the government to deliver up those persons. The whole scope of the second section, is to bind the States together —to make them for certain purposes one.— The first subdivision prevents one State from shutting out the citizens of another. Tho se cond prevents one State from shutting in those who have escaped to it for protection from the justice of another. The third com pletes the work* by obliging a State to send back such fugitives from justice. That a for ced explanation which Governor Seward would fain make that the provision about fugi tives from justice was merely a substitute for a treaty between the States, which the Con stitution had provided, because it had forbid den the States to make treaties. But is the ; first subdivision a substitute fora treaty also; or the third? Who ever heard of a treaty for either of those purposes ? If the Consti tution prohibits the States from making “trea ties,” it does not. prohibit their making “agree ments or compacts” with each other, with the consent of Congress. These are permitted by the lOUi section of the first article. The Slates can therefore with the consent of Con gress make mutual agreements for the surren. tier of criminals. It is not for thfe want of such power in them, that the Constitution Ln tentered. It was because the States could not harbor criminals escaping from each other, and continue in peace. To secure that peace, was the first object of the Constitution. 4. If any inference can be drawn from the I history of the Constitution, it. is all on the side |of Virginia; In the articles of confederation, j the provision runs thus : “If any person guil ty of, or charged with treason, felony, or oth er misdemeanor in any State” &c. The con vention seems to have intended to enlarge tho provision. As the committee of five first reported i!, “guilty of” were left out, but the phrase “high misdemeanor” was retained.— But afterwards, in the convention “it was mo ved and seconded, to strike out the words “high misdemeanor,” and insert the words “other crime” which passed in the affirmitive.” See Journal of the Convention, pages 226 ‘ 301. What toolc place on the occasion is thus de scribed in Madison’s Debates: “Article 15 being then taken up, the words ‘high misdemeanor’ were struck out, and the words ‘other crime’ inserted, in order to com prehend all proper cases, it being doubtful whether ‘high misdemeanor’ had not a techni cal meaning to limit. “Mr. Butler and Mr. Pinckney moved to re quire ‘fugitive slaves and servants to be deliv ered up like criminals.’ “Air. Wilson.—This would oblige the ex ecutive of the State to do it at the public ex pense* “Mr. Sherman saw no riiofe propriety in the pub ic seizing and surrendering a slavo cr servant than a horse. “Mr. Butler withdrew his proposition, in or der that some particular provision might be ; made, apart from this article. “Article 15, as amended, was then agreed to rtcmcon See the Madison Papers, vol. 3. 1474. What would have been thought in this con vention if someone had then said that little more than fifty years a Governor of New York Wold refuse to surrender a person charged with stealing a slave tor the reason that steal ing a slave was not a crime within the mean ing of their language. In what o*her way can our slates enforce then- criminal code, under our present system of the most unrestrained intercourse ? In Eu rope the different governments protect them selves by a numerous police and passports. — Around every continental State, a cordon of police’ officers is drawn, and the strictest vig ilance is exercised over all that pass the fron tiers. The international law of Europe is adapted to such a state of things. Are we to fall back upon the same system ? Already Virginia has taken precautionary measures in her frontier counties. It must come to that* if the doctrine of Governor Seward is to be adop ted by : he country. We must have passports and gens d’arrns ? It was to prevent that ve ry state of things that, these provisions in the Constitution were secured. It was to open freely the intercourse between the States.— It was to guarantee to each of them as perfect a means of executing har laws and defending her institutions, as if she was surrounded with a Chinese wall. At this present moment one scarcely knows When he passes from one State into another. If Governor Seward is to be the expounder of the Federal Constitution, the traveller will soon leafirt the boundaries of the States. LOGAN. From h , N. O. liiilletin, Feb. 3. [from a correspondent.] The enclosed letter from Gen. Hamilton to Monroe Edwards, will show the object of its publication. Previous to the revolution in Texas, Mon roe Edwards and Christopher Dart purchased m Havana about two hundred slaves, which were landed in Texas, and continued under the co'.ilrol of Edwards until 1338. A mortgage had been executed to the’ factor in Havana, to secure the.paymcnt of $35,000, the balance of the purchase money. Edwards attempted to avoid the payment of the mort gage, and refused to account to Dart for his interest. The property was sequestered, and Edwards produced and riled a release from Dart for a:i h.s interest in the slaves. The release was a forgery. A letter had been written from Dart to Edwards ; the ink had been extracted from all the letters but the signature, but so badly done as to make it obvious to the most casual observer that it was a forgery. Besides, there was oilier evi dence that made his guilt apparent. By the laws of Texas forgery is punished by death. He was prosecuted and committed to jail. His counsel applied to a judge of another circuit, and he was brought out on a u rit of habeas corpus, and to the surprise of all he was admitted to bail, upon a charge which was not bailable. He, of course, did not make his appearance Be mg shrewd, and understand ing the weak points of the aboiit.onists, lie went to Cincinnati, where, under show of great contrition and virtue, he emancipated two hundred slaves he never owned, and which were encumbered with a debt of more than ddtih’e their value. Those COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY IS, 1841. lanlhropists held several sympathetic meetings, which ended, as Monroe had designed, by filling his pockets with cash, to aid him, as they supposed, in freeing from bondage slaves which he had imported, and were not his. — He went to New York, where lie associated with Auther Tappan, and received more mo ney. He had with him one of the slaves which he had stolen from his friend He went to London, and had procured or forged letters of introduction to Mr. Stevenson and Gen. Cass. He applied to Lord Brougham, and the British abolition society, and through them to Lord Palmerston. At this stage of the proceeding, Gen. Hamilton becameacquanited with his movements, and addressed him the letter which is given below. The folly and fanaticism of the abolitionists jn the United States and Great Britain, makes them the dupe of any designing knave, and no one is better calculated than Monroe Edwards to make that weakness available. He is intelli gent plausible, and designing. He has bar tered a good name, a respectable position in society, for the uncertain success that ever attends the commission cf crime. He may for a time impose on them who impose cn themselves, but his end will be an ignomini ous death. {Copy). 15 Cockspur st. London, Nov. 23,1810. Sir— l have just been informed by Mr. Stevenson that you have presented to him a letter of introduction asking his good offices from the Secretary of State of the United States, and that you have a similar letter to Gen. Cass, the American Minister at Paris. I beg leave to inform you that I have apprised Mr. Stevenson that you are a fugitive from the p ‘blic justice of Texas, charged with the commission of an infamous crime. I shall feel it my du’y to make a similar communica tion to Gen. Cass. I likewise understand that you propose ma king an application to Lord Palmerston for the aid of her Majesty’s government for the pur pose of subserving some alleged objects of public justice in Texas. As the representative of the Republic of Texas in Great Britain, 1 shall not fail to ad vise Lord Palmerston of the facts which I have communicated to the representatives of the government of the United States at Paris and London. I hope you wiff spare me the pain and ne cessity of a more detailed and public state ment of yours recent history in Texas. I remain your obd’t. servt. J. HAMILTON. Envoy of the Republic of Texas, Monroe Edwards, Esq. From tho Washington Corresponded;e of iho Charles ton Courier. Washington, Fob. 3. Some excitement seems to have been oc casioned in the Capitol, by the Tariff article of the last Richmond Whig. The editor of that paper, it is declared, tru ly represents the whig leaders of Virginia in proposing a return to the ‘old protective sys tem, and hence it is inferred that there is great and immediate danger to be apprehended by the South. One thing is certain, however, that what ever may be the result of the tariff schemes now on loot, the course of Virginia will not decide it. The game is not in her hands. If the great northern, middle arid western States go for a tariff’ of protection* wo shall have it, no matter which way Virginia may go. The Senate is out of work—having des patched the preemption land Hill* and having determined that it is too late to take up the bankrupt bill, they have nothing to do. ‘They will debate a few private bills, therefore, by way of occupation, and await the passage of the Treasury note bill by the House. The House had resolved to take the Treas ury note bill out of the Committee of the Whole at three o’clock t’o-day. But Mr. Wise was anxious to offer an amendment to it; the effect of which would be io give the new administration five millions after the 4th of March, over and above all money then due and payable. Mr. Wise conversed with Mr. Jones, Chairman of the Committee of Ways and Means, on the subject, and the proposi tion was assented to. Mr. Wise moved to reconsider the resolution for reporting the bill at three o 4 clock, with a view to amend it so as to permit his amendment to be offered. Mr. Wise stated, distinctly, that the major ity of the House was in favor of his proposi tion ; and that its adoption would take away all pretext from the whigs for an extra session for raising more money. The motion for re consideration prevailed ; biff, after various parliamentary evolutions, which it would be idle to state, the original motion requiring the Committee to report at three o’clock, was withdrawn, and the House went back into Committee of the Whole, without any limi tation upon their action. So, we are all at sea again. The ! louse has launched again into the debate, and it may iast till the 4:h of March. Among those who spoke, to-day, was Mr. Alford, of Georgia—a gentleman who speaks but seldom, but with great effect. lie sup ported Mr. Wise’s views, in the main, oppo sed an extra session of Congress, and all high handed and overbearing measures. Mr. Alford spoke two hours, and with great energy and etract. The war horse of Troup” was, perhaps, never more distinguished before. I am told that another Georgia whig is com ing out, in the same wav. All the questions before the country must be postponed till the extra session, which, will certainly take place. Only two members have spoken against it, as yet. From the Standard of Union, Jan. 22. HARRISuM AMD REFORM, vs THE INTERESTS OF THE PEOPLE The deleterious effects ot the Harrison and reform measures of the last legiMuuue, are every day becoming more apparent, an 1 a very iutle tune will disclose tiie lact, that the acis of no session lor forty yCais past, have inti cted had so much of embarrassment and distress upon the Slate, as the memorable re lbrmauoft of 1840. We need not speak just now, of their hard money measure, denominated the resumption bill, l'f.at will veiv shortly speak for itself; but their murderous assault upon Hie Central Bank, the last hope of an anx ous and suffer ing people, to save them from impending ruin, stands prominent, among the most lii advised, injudicious, and disastrous proceedings, that mark the legislation of Georgia. We have lived a long time, and witnessed many reverses in the affairs of the world.— We have had wars and embargo’s. We have seen days of prosperity anti adversity, hot in all, there is not a parrallel to the dis tress and desolation winch will come in 1841 ; and with all tiiese terrors before them, the Harrison reformers have “shut the gates o’ mercy” upon tneir constituents, and left (hem unprotected gainst the storm which is gath ering for their destruction. It was well known to the legislature, that the cotton crop had failed —that the people were in debt—that law suits were multiplying in every direction, and a t ighlfnl sacrifice of propeity would inevitably follow, unless, some a'd waa afforded. Alley.B were turned to- THE UNION OF THS STATES, AND THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATES. wards Milledgevtlle. The reformers had : promised better times—toe democrats were ; known to be the friends of the people, and be ! tween ih j p edge-*of the Whig party to make ! money plenty, and the known devotion of the democracy to tiie wants and wishes of their constituents, who could have doubled that eh fioient measures would be taken to sa r e tie country tront wide spread desolation? Bui it is the fate of man to he disappointed. The session has passed by and what has been done? Much has been done to increase, hut nothing to alleviate the distress, or dispel the gloom which pervade tire community. The people’s own institution lias been closed against them, and they have been denied the vise of their pwn credit and resources. The doors of the Central Bank have been shut in their faces, bv t tie very men who gained their ascendency by promoting relief to the needy. We say, the people have been denied the use of their own credit; for the uiEasure pro posed by the Governor in his special Message of the 15rli December, recommended an is sue of S ate hoods to enable the Central Bank to loan a sufficient amount to meet the necessities of the country, which was neither more nor less, than the peoples credit; and this denial was attempted to he justified upon the fl msy pretext of partiality. It was con ten e I bv the Reformers, that inasmuch as all the people were not in debt, it would be an act of exclusive partial legislation, to loan to those who were in embarrassed circumstances —and vet they were guilty of acts far more parti and and exclusive in their character. Did they not appropriate a large sum of money for a lunatic asylum? Yes, they voted nine thousand dollars, in addition to lartre appro priations heretofore made, for its erection and completion, and what is the object, and who are tlie beneficiaries? The object is benefi cent, and the beneficiaries, n very small, but unfortunate class. Now if it is right to ex pend the peoples money by thousands to bet ter the Condition of a dozen or twenty, is it not equally so, at least, to allow one half of them to better their own condition hy the use of their own credit, when it would not cost the State one cent? Let those answer who talk about partiality. If the legislature had followed the ad videos Governor M’Donald, the people could have gotten money to save them until another crop, hut his views were disregarded, and they must suffer the consequences. Presuming that a distribution of three mil lions of dollars would have taken off a heavy load of embarrassment, we have made out a table of the amount each county would have received, bv witch it will be seen that many millions worth of property would have been saved from sacrifice, and thousands of helpless families from beggary. It was hastily made, but is very near an accurate distribution of the amount proposed. Appling, $10,900 Jones, 41,500 Baker, 11,500 Laurens, 23,500 Baldwin, 23 000 Lee, 13 500 Bibb, 40,000 Liberty, 26 509 Bryan, 11.000 Lincoln, 24,000 Builock, 15 000 Lowndes, 23,500 Burke, 50,000 Lumpkin, - 29.500 Butts, 24 000 Macon, 21000 Cobb, 29.500 Madison, 32.000 Columbia, 43,500 Murray, 16 000 Covveia, 45 500 Muscogee, 69 500 Craw lord, 34,000 Mat ion, 20,000 Camden, 22 000 M In tosh, 20,000 Campbell, 24 000 -Men live the r, 63,000 Carroll, 20 000 Monroe, 65,000 Cass, 2J.000 Montgomery, 14,000 Ciiaihani, 84 000 Morgan, 53,500 Cherokee, 22 000 Newton, 54,000 Chattooga, lG.OOOjOglelliorpe* 55000 Cl uk, 45 000 Paulding, 11,500 Decatur, 21,500 Pike, w 40,000 DeKaib, 51.5(10; Pulaski* 21,000 Dade, 4,500; Putnam* 45,000 Dooly, 19,000 lia bun, 9,500 Early, 19,000, Randolph, 27,500 Effingham, 10,500 Richmond, 54,000 Ei ert, 58,500pcriven, 20,000 Emanuel, 14 OOOjStcwarf, 44,500 Fayette, 39 000 Sumter, 19,000 Floyd, 16 000 Talbot, 02,000 Forsyth, 25 000: Taliaferro, 19,500 Franklin, 45.0001 Tattnall, 11,080 Gilmer, 7.500; Telfair, 12,000 Glynn, 15,000i Thomas, 25,500 Greene, 44 OOOj Troup, 55,000 Gwinnett, 52 500 Twings, 34,500 HpbcrshSm, 38.000- Union, 11,000 Hall, SS 500 Upson, 58,500 Hancock, 39 500 VVaiker, 21,500 Harris, 48 00(i Washington, 42,500 Heard, 22 000 Wayne, 6,500 Henry, 51 000 Wilkes. 44,000 Houston* 51.5001 Wilkinson, 30,000 j Irwin, 8,590; Walton, 46,500 Jackson, 54,500, Ware, 11,000 Jaspe r , 47,000; Warren* 43,500 Jefferson, 23,000‘ If this, amount could he distributed in the next two months, who can estimate the good it would do? And without it, who can calcu late the amount of loss and privation—of des titution which will visit us? We affirm that the legislature might, have done much for the people. That the Central Bank might have not only been sustained, but rendered amply able to have loaned them, not only three millions, hut double that amount, if their necessities had required it; hut the re forrners resolved that they should sutler; but if we know the people, we are very confident, that thev will soon cry out, enough of “Har rison and ref.>mi.” The Public Domain. —The amount of un sold land in nine states is 151,000,000, re ceipts 897,000,000, cost to the nation in the purchase of Louisiana and Florida, in extin guishing- Indian titles, removing Indians, In dian wars, agencies, offices, &c., $109,000, 000. Trie cost so far has exceeded the re ceipts $12,000,000. Great Artificial Lake. —The Miami (Ohio) Times states, that the Grand Canal Reservoir in Mercer county covers 13,000 acres of land. The water is from 4 to 37 feet deep, and it is the largest artificial lake in the world. Mrs. Gaines estimates the number of per sons sacrificed by war, from the time of the destruction of Jerusalem to the battle ct YV a terioo, at seventy billions. Boston, Jar*.. 30. Civilization ,—We are pleased to state, that there was not a single individual confined for debt in the Boston Jail, this evening, at 6 o’clock— a circumstance that has not occur red for several years past— Eve. Gaz. New* York, Feb. 3. Account showing the number of passengers from foreign ports since 1827, previous to which no record had been kept: Number of foreign passengers arriving in the port of New York it) the following years : 1840,55,274 ; 1839, 47,538; 1838,24,213; 1837, 51,577 : 1336, 53,597; 1335, 32,716; 1834, 46,023 ; 1833, 39,461; 1832, 38,815; 1831, 14,821; 1830, 9,127; 1829, 15,036 ; 1328,19,958 ; 1827, 10,412; Treasury Notes. —The amount of Treasury notes, outstanding <tn the Ist instant was $4; 804,719 37. STATIONS OF THE PREACHERS Os the Georgia Annual Conference, for 1841. Augusta district — Samuel Antony. P. E Savannah, Jas E. Evans, Jas E. God frey supernumerary. Augusta* Alexander Speer. Columbia, Charles Clark. Lmcointon, John NY. Knight W ashingtnn, Thomas C. Benning. Waynesboro’, John J. Triens. Louisville, Russel W. Johnson. VN arrentoh, James Jones. Springfield, Leonard C. Peeke, Andrew J. Devors. Jefferson Mission to Blacks, Henry F. Pitchford, Burke Mission, James S. Lane. B k Iliver Mis., Daniel Bird, j. S. Manp. Cherokee Hill Mission Alexander Gordon, Ogechee Mission, William D. Bussey. Osahaw Mission, J. j. Taylor. Athens district — VVm. Arnold, P. E. Athens, Daniel Curry. Covington and Oxford, Matthew Raiford. Watkinsville, H. Crawford. A. Neese. Elberton, W. P. Arnold, J. W. Far mer. Madison, John P. Duncan. Newton and Mon roe, Robert Stripling, Win. J. Sasnett. Carnesviile, Eli Bennet, Edwin White. Greensboroush, Richard Lane. Kingston Mission, To be supplied. Clarkesville, B. F. Wells, Walter Knox. Emory College, A. B. Longstreet, Presi dent; A. H. Mitchell, G. W. Lane, and Alexan der Means, Professors; Wm. J. Parks, Agent; George H. Round, Sup. Georgia ConCnce. Man uel Labor School, Chf.rokee district— J. W. Gleen, P. E. Netvnan, Noah Smith, M. Bellah. M Donough, J. W. Yarborough, George Bright. Fayetteville and Zebulon, A. Pennington,G. W. Far rabee. Carrolton Mission, Sydney Smith, Decatur* R. S. Wilson, Cassville, J. C. Simmons, J. M. Mil ner. Marietta, John M. Vestal, Thomas Fowler, Dahlonega Mis. sion, W. S. Williams, J. M’- Pherson. Lawreneeville; W. Graham. D. Thomp son. Macon district —John W. Talley, P. E. Macon, A. T. Mann, W. C. Hill, sup. Milledgeville, W. R. Branham. Eatonion fit. Clin ton, M. Peurtfov, J. A. Wig gins. Forsyth, Geo. W. Persons, A. Dor man. Jeffersonville, Caleb W. Ley. Telfair, C. Trussell, S. P. Richard son. Irwinton, Jesse W. Carroll. Sparta, Josjah Lewis. Sanu'ersville, C. Raifoid, J. S. Chipley. Momicello, Gad. Jes. Piece. ( xPiro! < t’cmnlc College, Wm. H. Ellison, President; George F. Pierce, A gent. Coedmbus district —Willis D. Matthews. Columbus, Loviek Pierce, Lagrange, Thomas Sandlbrd. Hamilton, J. C. Carter, T. J. Fears. Thomaston,’ Samuel Harwell. Troup; Wm. D. Marlin. Tnlhotton; I. F. Steagall, M. H. Whi'e. Greenville, E. W. Reynolds, Y. F. Tignor. Muscogee. Jameison Scaife. Chattahoochee Mission, Wm. Mills. Fort gaines distr ct — J. B. Payne, P. E. Fort Gaines, R. J. Cowart. Hawkinsvife, Jacob Ozier. Tazewell, Thomas C. Coleman. Americus, James J. Winn. Cuthbert, Jos. T. Turner Lumpkin, W. W. Robinson, R. H. Johnson. Baker, W. R. Singleton. P.-r v, J.P. D ckiuson, J.Edwards. Ft. Valley and Flint Rivey Mission, James Dunvvoodv. Feorida district —P. P. Smith, P. E. Quincy, J. H. M’Arver. Tallahassee, To be supplied. Gadsden, M. Bedell. Gadsden Mission, Thomas Taylor. Leon, W. Choice. Thomasville, James Wodie. Bainbridge, Anderson Peeler, ‘rroupville, R. Howren. Madison, Alex. Martin. Monticello, L. G. R. Wiggins. Leon Mission, Antony C. Bruner. Newnansvilee di<trict— J. L. Jerry, P. E. Nevvnansviile, Wm. Houck. Hamilton, Thomas W. Cooper. Lancaster, John L. Jerry. St. Mart’s district—R. A. Steetle, P. E. Si. M ary’s, Isaac Boring. Brunswick, W. T. Linson, S. J. Childs. Jacksonville, J. J. R chants. Saliilla Mission, W. Cruraly, R. Gibson, Cumberland Island .Mission, Edward 11. Myers, Hinesville, \\ • W. Griffin, A. D. Rus sell. Irwin Mission, C. L. Hays. Altamaha, G. F- Boon, one to be sup plied. Waynesboro* Mis sion, Samuel B. Foster. J imes Sewell transferred to the Smith Car olina Conference. Jesse Boring transferred to the Alabama Con ferer.ee, and appointed lo Tuskegee Circuit. A. B. Elliott transferred to Ala bam Confer ence, and appointed to Weturr.pka. The next Conference will he held at Mil ledgeviile, January 7tb, 1542. From the Na‘ch-z (Miss ) Free Trader, Ftb. 4. Drinking healths no longer in Fashion Gen. Case, our minister at the court of France was recently invited to dine with the Inner and his family hi company with ex-governor L ver ett of Massachusetts and editor Walsh of Philadelphia. In giving a lively description of his “tinee hours visit in St. Cloud,” in the Knickerbocker, Gen. Cass remarks:— The dinner at Saint: Cloud passed as din ners usually pass,- in some conversation, but still more in the laudable operations oi eating and drinking. Thank heaven, the days oi “health ’ and ‘toasts ’ have gone by ! The fash ion is dead, never to be resuscitated. Even in’ the palmy days of its existence, I had an intuitive horror of these iineous salutations , when a man could not touch his glass without popping his head in his neighbor’s face, and often at the risk of having his nose broken by some attentive friend, whose thirsty propensi ties were manifested by the same striking cer emony. I have often thought that the exces siva abuurdify of this ipight ( -be’ ludi crously exhibited, by the sahta'ioit from tlie gkss to the plate, and instead of drinking a health, or a ‘sentiment,’ as it was called, gravely eating our good wishes, when ever we began anew dish. In French society, the practice which pre vails in England, and which we have borrow ed ft rora that country, of sitting at table after the ladies have retired, and guzzling wine, (the epithet is a coarse one, but not so coarse as the custom.) is unknown. It is a relic of barbarism, and ought to be punished. It leads too often to orgies, and not to pleasures ; sub stituting for rational enjoyment excessive in dulgence. I have never been at a dinner in Continental Europe, where the ladies and gentlemen did not retire from the table toge ther. It is very seldom that the entertain ment exceeds eighty or ninety minutes, and olten after returning ‘o the salon, I have heard some experienced eater observe, with all the self-complacency inspired by a most satis factory meal:—‘lt was an excellent dinner and we were at table but an hour !” From the Richmond F.nq , Feb. 4. NEW YORK CONTROVERSY. t The Whig friends of the Governor of New \ork, are now suspected of dodging the ques tion in the Legislature. Mr. Grout moved to take up the question the'other day} and the Whigs voted it down. The Albany Argus of the 29th Jan. charges home upon them this discreditable policy. In laying before its rea ders the “lucid and able review of the matters in controversy between the Governor of this State and the Executive of Virginia; in the speech of Mr. Loomis of Herkimer,” this pa per says, “It is not to be wor dered at, under such an exposition of the aspects of this ques tion, that tiie partizans of the Governor should shrink from approaching it. It is now more than a week since the matter lias slept on the table, and that, too, under repeated attempt from the Democratic side of the House to get it up. No doubt, the design is, if possible, to give the the subject the go-by.” And, if it were so, shall we suffer our rights thus to be sported with? Shall we flinch because they dodge ? Because the) trample the Constitution under foot, refuse to deliver up the fugitives lrom justice, and virtually re fuse to restore our plundered property, shall we fold our arms and do nothing? Forbid it, justice! We must act —act in a calm and a moderate, but determined manner—-act in such a manner as is best calculated to carry the most fastidious of our Southern sister States with us—strengthen our own police laws— and in case New York will trot restore cur property or deliver its fugitive robbers, pre vent them if possible; from stealing it out of our borders—compel her vessels to give security on the spot to compensate us for any proper ty which they may purloin and inspect their vessels before their sail, to see that our slaves are not on board. More we might do. More we may be compelled to do, if our inspection laws are not sutlicient to repress the outrage —but more we are not now willing to do. Stronger measures we are not willing to adopt, until necessity imposes them upon us. More we are not willing to do, from a regard to that fraternity cf feeling which should b.nd together this great confederacy of States. Less we can scarcely do, without abandoning our own rights, weakening our character, and provoking such further outrages as may ultimately endan ger the Union and the Confederacy of these States. Wo lonrn mail, “that the subject is again upon the anvil. On Friday last, in the House of Assembly, Mr. L. S. Chattield renewed his call for the Virginia Resolutions, and the House agreed to take up the subject. Mr. Grout addressed the House at length in opposition to the posi tions and conclusions of the Governor, when the House adjourned. Cream —The peculiarly rich cream of De vonshire, England, called clouted cream, is obtained by using zinc pans of a peculiar con struction, consisting.of an upper and lower apartment. The milk is pul into the upper apartment; and aider it has stood 13 hours, an equal quantity of boiling water is unre duced into the I vver one. At the end of another 12 hours the < r am is t ken iff much more eas 1/ and perfectly than in the common way, and is also more abundant and richer. The result of twelve experiments carefully made was as follows: 4 gallons of milk treat ed as above, gave in 24 hours; four and a half pints of cream, which yielded, after churning 15 minutes, 40 ounces of bullet; 4 gall .ns treated in the usual way, gave in 48 hours, 4 pints of cream, which yielded after churning 90 minutes, 36 ounces of butter. The increase in the quantity of cream is 12 1-2 per cent. The same principle may fie applied in the use of common pans. It would be very easy, for instance, to prepare some kind of trough, of tin, perhaps, or even wood, into which the pans could he set, and hot water afterwards introduced. Asa close trough would be much better than an open one, you may have a cover in which to set the pans. An ingenious Yankee tinman would soon make a range in litis way, sufficient.for a common dairy* at no great ex pense. It would hist indefinitely. If it is true, that you would thus get some two pounds more butter a week from each cow, the ap paratus and the trouble would soon be paid for, —to say nothing of the time saved in churning. We do not see why zinc pans— which are said to be decidedly preferable to any oilier for the dairy—with the lin range as above, would not be quite so good as the Complicated and expensive Devonshire pans Ar.d it would be easy for a dairy woman to satisfy herself respecting she principle, without either. By using cold wafer itis'ead of hot, the range would serve to keep mi k sweet in warm weather.— Vermont Farmer. (Front the Buffalo Commercial Advertiser) Bailing of M'Leod. —VYe understand that the required bail in this case was gi ven yesterday by Messrs. Brotherton, of Queenston, and Buell,’ of Lockport.and that no sooner than he was released, a very numerous band of armed tee:: —one ac count says two or three hundred—lnterposed and forcibly reconducted him to jail, where be is yet confine 1. The avowed object of this desorderly and unlawful j r iceeding e, to af ford the owner of the Caroline an opportunity to arrest M” Lend for the destruction of that boat, and thereby detain hirn on this side of the river. We hope this account will prove to be exaggerated, but if true, no time should be os; in asserting and enforcing, in a proper and ample manner, the supremacy of the laws The propriety of admitting M’Leod ‘.o bail at ail, under the circumstances, we will not step to discuss, but the proper legal authority hav ing decided in favor of so doing, and bail hav ing been legally entered, those who have res trained and re-imprisoned him by lawless vio lence shou and be promptly and severally pun ished. With our Buffalo namesake we hope that the account above given will prove to be er roneous, or at least exaggerated. But if it v. true, the Governor of the Stale will of course take immediate and sufficient measures to re medy tha wrong,’ and vindicate the laws. His action io.the-m6t.VPr cannot ba ‘too jwo&ipt or too decide] —.V. I". Qoni. Afiv^ VOL. I. NO. 2. Important to Meal Eaters. —A German journal contains the following interesting de taiis of domestic economy. Accordi: g to numerous experiments tried with different kinds of meat, it is ascertained that beef loses by roasting 22 1-6; mutton 241-5, lamb 221-6; goose 191-6, turky 20 1-2, duck 27 1 -6, chick en 14 l-o; per cent, of their weight. By the process of boiling the loss is as follows ; beef 15, mutton 10, turkey 16, chicken 13 1-2* mm 6 per cent; It is an *’rroncous notion tint the English are generally better fed than the French; because; according to English writers on political economy, the average dai ly food of an Englishman consists of 8 1-2 ounces of reef or mutton, 10 ounces of pota toes, and 10 ounces of vegetable, which to gether, contain 65 per cent, of nutriment.— I 1 rench writers estimate the average daily food of a Frenchman as follows ; me at 7 oun ces, bread 8 ounces, vegetables 4 ounces; containing on an average 80 per cent, of nu triment. Flic 1 rench, therefore, on the whole, are 15 per cent, better fed than the English. Ii the above estimate be correct, it is an easy matter ‘o prove that the Americans aro fed considerably above par. Natural Curiosity. —The Boston Society of Natural History have received, through th politeness of D. S. MeCauley, Esq. United States Consul at Tripoli, twm rare varieties of African sheep. Three of these animals, a ram, ewe and lamb, covered with close, thick wool; are fine specimens of the four-horned \ arietv irom Benzan, in the Tr.poli regency. They are also distinguished by the great breadth of the tail, which occasionally attains the weight ol 15 pounds, resembling marrow in its substance, and esteemed a great delica cy by epicures. The fourth specimen; a ram of the Fezzan variety, is clothed with hair; which forms a mane upon the neck and should ders, and attains a length of several inches on the dewlap. In the hair* as well as tho long and slender legs, this animal nearly approaches the goat; while the projecting nose and recurved horns, eminently distin guish this variety. In its native state the animal inhabits the inaccessible cliffs of tho Atlas range, whence a single specimen wao recently procured, as a great curiosity, for th# Zoological Society of London. New York, Feb. 4. Common Pleas in which a husband was sued for articles furnished his-wife, after she had quitted “his bed and board,” hi* Honor, Judge Inglis, charged the Jury that if a wife leave her husband of her own free will, he La not liable even for her necessaries. But if lie drive her out he is in effect giving her a bill ot credit upon the world, and she binds him for all her necessary contracts she makes; The jury rendered a verdict for th# defen dent—.-the husband. The North American states that the Anti- W big party ot Pliiladelphiameton Friday eve*; ning at their head quarters, and passed the fol lowing resolutions : Resolved, That as a general suspension of specie payments by our BankE has taken place, the Governor be earnestly requested to issue his proclamation calling upon the prose cuting officers throughout this Commonwealth rigidly to enforce the laws againct tbo ioouo of notes of less denomination than $5, and to refuse his sanction to any bill legalizing their issue, or to any bill suspending the penalties now existing against the Banks for a refusal to pay their liabilities. Resolved, That the Governor be requested to recommend to the Legislature the immedi are passage ol a law inflicting a heavy penalty for the circulating, or offering for circulation; notes if a less denomination than $5, issued by Banks out of this State upon demand. Resolved, That these resolutions be pub lished in the Democratic papers, and that a copy of the resolutions be addressed to the Governor of the Commonwealth. HENRY HORN, Chairman. W. L, Hirst and B. H. Brewster, Secretaries. We clip the following from the Savannah Georgian: Tall A oting.— lt is said there is a family in the upper, at of the S.ate of New Hamp shire, containing a father and five sons, whose aggregate length is 42 feet. Ther all walked to the polls and deposited their votes for Van. Buren and Democracy. We don’t believe a word of it — but speak ing of “tall voting,” we know a family of six brothers Somewhere about Columbus, Gn., who do some lofty voting themselves. We cannot speak definitely as to their height, but are pietfy certain they’ll average six feet. 1 hey all walked to the polls on the first Mon day in November last, and deposited their v< tes for “ Old Tippecanoe and Tyler too” There is another brother in Macon, or there aboui, who voted ditto ; and we venture to say that they voted as ‘tali’ as any family; the New Hampshire folks to the contrary notJ wit hstand ing.— Florida Journal. Travelline: Eighty Yeari Jlgo.—On the’ 30iri of -April, 1761, Mr. John Slavers, then oust of the Put Tavern, in Pitt street, (now Court street.) commenced running a stage from this town to Boston. The carriage was a curricle, drawn by two horses, sufficiently wide to carry three passengers. It left this town on Monday morning, and proceeded as far as Ipswich the same day, and reached Charlestown Feriy the next day. It left Charlestown on Thursday and arrived here on Friday. The fare from this place to Bos ton was thirty shillings and sixpence sterling —equal to three dollars. It is supposed that this was the first s:age which was ever run in America. Little did our ancestors then think, while dragging their slow length along, that their journey of two days, would, in another genera tion, be reduced to about a couple of hours. Yet such is the fruition of the living,— PorW mouth, *V. H. Gaz. Brazil Teas.—A number of planters of Brazil, have commenced the cultivation of tea! —the quality, so far as forwarded to London, is said to be equal to the best China teas— the latter being cheaper than the former, as at present manufactured. It is stated that a lad while standing at the coun cr of the Philadelphia Bank, on Fridav, was so severely injured by the pressure of the crowd, that he died during the afternoon. The produce of the gold region in the Uni ted States, ;s estimated at more than two mil lions of dollars per annum. Within the last three years, there have been minted from these mines $4,377,550. I man (if the Canadas. —The New York Herald states that Governor General Thomp son will issue his proclamation on the 7th in stant, declaring the union of the two Provin , ce=, and for the assembling of the new Par liament at Kingston in May next. Kingston, the new capital of the United. Provides, is. situated <op; the lowjur pnd ct L*ha Ohtar*v nearly Opposite SaC-kett’# iUfht bo?. f