Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

BY JAMES VAN NESS. PUBLISHED Every Thursday morning, in the “Granite Building,” on the corner of Oglethorpe and Randolph Streets. T E RMS: BuifCßlPTlo*—thr*e dollar* per annum, payable in advance, three dollam and a half at the end of sn numbs, or four dollars, (in all casesjl where pay ment is not made before trie expiration of the year. No subscription received for less than twelve months without payment in advance, and no paper discon tinued, except at the option of the Editor, until all arrearages are paid. Advertisements conspicuously inserted est nfie dol* lar per one hundred words, or icss, for the first in* sertion, and fifty cents for every subsequent contin uance* Those sent without a specification of the number of insertions, will be published until ordered out, and charged accordingly. 2. Yearly Advertisements. —For over 24 anJ not exceeding 3J lines, fifty dollars per annum ; for over 12 and not exceeding 24 lines, thirty-five dol lars per annum ; lor less than 12 l*nts, twenty dol lars per annum. 2. All rule and figure work double the above prices, Legal Advertisements published at the usual rates, and with strict attention to the requisitions of the law. AllSai.es regulated by law, must be made before the court house door, between the hours of 10 in the morning and four in the evening—those of land in the county where it is situate ; those of personal property, where the letters testamentary, of adniin istration or of gu irdiansipp were obtained—ami are requited to be previously advertised in some public gazette, as follows: Biiemrr*’ Sales under regular executions for thir ty days ; tinder mortgage fi fas sixty days, before the day of sale. Bales of land and negroes, by Executors, Adminis trators or Guardians, for sixty days before the day of sale. Bales of personal property (except Negroes) forty days. Citations by Clerks of the Courfs ol Ordinary, upon application for letters of administration, must be pub- ! lishud foi thirty days. Citations upon application for dismission, by F.xec ntors, Administrators or Guardians, monthly fur six months. Orders of Courts of Ordinary, (accompanied with a copy of the bond or agreement) to make titles to laud, must be published three months. No rices by Executors, Administrators or Guardians, of application to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell the land or negroes of hii estate, four months. Notices by Kxeeutors or Administrators, to tin debtors and creditors of an estate, for six weeks. tiHXßirri', Clerks ofCourt &c. will be allowed the usual deduction. U” Letters on business, must be jiost paid, to entitle them to attention. JOHN It. Me FAR LAN, attorney at law, Clayton, Barbour County, Alabama, WILL practice in the counties of Henry, Bar bour, Pike UiiKsutl ana Macon. April it 11 ts \VM RABUN SHIVERS, ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW, COLUMBUS, OA. Will practice in all the courts of the Chattahoochee • ireuii, amt m the adjacent counties in Alabama. March 4 4 3m subscribers having connected themselves i r ‘ JL the practice of LAW, will attend all lit* Conutv Courts of the Chattahoochee Circuit, and the adjoining counties of Alabama. Office in Mclntosh Row, immediately over Allen & Young's Store. ALFRED IVERSON, JnMti 14. 19tf J. M. GtTERRY. • W. G. M. DAVIS, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Apalachicola, Florida, P*t AOTICKS in the Courts of the Middle on* VVe.,tsrrt Patriots, aad the Court of Aopeals. Rcrcas to Hurt. i. 8. Calhoun, John Fun tains. E*q. and and. li. Bonneh, Esq., Columbus Georgia. 40-521. f■X 11 E unde i signed will at tend to the PRACTICE B OF LAW. in the nairlu of JONES & BEN NING.in most of the counties of this Circuit, ytid a few of the adjoining counties of Alabama. ‘1 heir Office will bo found near the Oglethorpe House, seaborn Jones. HENRY L. BENNING. Sept. 16.1839, 33 ts E. 11, Pl,Al* TANARUS, ATTORNEY AT t.AW, (Cuth'mrt,Randolph County,Georgia.) ■m*T(|,L promptly attend to any bnsin'ss entrusted T to his car# in the co nties of Stewart. Mari on, Randolph, Early, Decatur, Raker. Lee, Sumter, Macou and Doolv, Georgia, and Russell aiid Barbour *f Alabama. HF.rcHfcrfCEii : Coin minis—lion. T. F. Foster and Colonel John Banks. Lexington—Joseph Henry Ltfftiphm, Esq. B. r. Hardeman, Esq. Lewis J. Dupree and Georg# F. Platt. Washington—Hon. Garnett Andrews. Macon —Col. D. O. Campbell, Jerry Cowls. Esq. Forsyth—Messrs Dunn & Martin Thomaston—Jolrti J. Carey, Esq. T. B. Bethel. Apalachicola. Flo.—William G.Porter, Esq. Charleston, S C.—William Harris. New York. —Messrs. Collins, fteese & March 11 -> ls DR. TAYI.OR’ HAS removed bis office to Preston’s Row, a few doors East of Preston’s Corner, where he may B. nerallv be found, unless when professionally engaged P Feb 9. ,f REMOVAL. “W'VU. JNO. J. B. HOXbVY, has removed Ins of- B J fi ce 10 the room over the store of T. A. Bran - - Mnn , a few doors above Taylor and Walker’s, and nearly opposite Col. John Banks Drug Store. Jan. 12. 471 f . j C. B. BARRETT, rKACTITIONER OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY ! OFFICE at ins residence, corner of Forsyth | street, two doors from Dr. S. Boykin, where he may always bes otmd unless professionally engaged Feb. 17, 2 4t DR. c. F, IIERVESY, DENTAL SURGEON, UKSPECTFUDLV announces'to the citizens of Columbus and its vicinity, that he has taken an ; offi -e on the corner of Broad and Randolph streets, directly over the store of Mr. L. J. Davis. Doct. H. offers his services to the public as being able in most cases, to save entirely such decayed and , achin- teeth as they now fear must be extracted His success in soothing and finally saving many valu able teeth, in an extensive practice in many cf the j Northern and Southern cities, has been so decided that he invites the public lo call.confident that he can, i under his skill as a Deutist.be useful to them. He will cleanse, ping and insert teeth, either smplv or in entire sets, in a manner to he not only beautiful j and natural in their appearance, but to combine ease in wearing with strength and durability. Re will also i cure inflamation and soreness of the gums, giving them ; a healthy action which will improve the breath and j ia<te Hours from 9 till l, and from 3to 6. April 15 ™ J) j THiE MUSCOGEE INSURANCE CO’Y ARE now ready for the transaction of business.'— Otfice over William A. Redd & Co’s, store. directors : JON WARREN. *>> EEABODV, GRIGSBY E. THOMAS, THACKER R. HOWARD E. S. GREENWOOD, KF.MTH MKINZIE. * s JOHN BANKS, President. Matt. R. Evans, Secretary. 17 _ 2 [ { ” LIBERAL ADY ANCBS MADE on goods consigned to S.M l I 11. BEA 1 - TIE & Cos. Auction and Conantsston Mer chan s, Columbus, Georgia. November 13 09 11 The Commercial Advertiser, Apalachicola, Flor ida, will insert the preceding, three months, and transmit the account as above. TO BRICK MASONS AND CARPEN TERS. SEALED proposals will lie received bv the Clerk of the Inferior Court of Heard county, for the buil din” of a courthouse in the town of Franklin, Heard county, until the first Monday in June nrxt. Bids to be for three sizes, viz : one 40 by 50 feet one 30 by 50. the other 40 feet square, a bid for each : the hail and court room below, finished ; also a bat for each finished complete, after the style of the court house ir LaGrange or Newnan. For further particulars ap ply at the Inferior Clerk’s Office. Bv order of the In ferior Court. B. BLEDSOE. c . r 4pril ii 11 u * THE COLUMBUS TIMES. COURT HOU3E SCENE. The following ludicrous scene occurred the other day in New Orleans in Ihe suit ol Mrs. Gen. Gaines, before Judge Buchanan. It is a part of the report of the case made by Ihe P.cavune, and is worth the reading. Here an informal discussion was entered in to, in consequence of Mr. Peyton pressing his right to read the evidence which he held in his hand; and when this was denied him, of giving the substance of that evidence orally, instead of —as fie was called on to do by the Judoe—slating what it was that the evidence would go to establish, if it were ruled by the Court that it should go to the jury. It ended hv the Court cajlinir peremptorily on the coun sel to desist and follow no further the course : he had been pursuing, otherwise he would hold him amenable for a contempt of Court and a violation of all the rules of practice. Mr. Peyton said he might have been guilty of an error, hut before no other tribunal would that be construed into contempt of Court. li, however, the right of offering evidence were denied him- if a bit and bride were to be placed on his mouth —he would at once with draw from the defence of the case; and here upon the learned gentleman look up his hat, bid good-day to his fair client and the jury, and left the Court. Here General Gaines and Mrs. Gaines sud denly started from their seats. Gen. G-—“ May it please the court, the la dy will take charge of the case herself, she is prepared to do it.” Mrs G.—(taking the book in her hand which Mr. Peyton had been prevented from reading) —“Yes, I will proceed with the case.” The Judge—“Do you intend to offer the testimony in that bonk as evidence?” Mrs. G.—;“Yes; part of it.” The Judge—-“WeH, then, I cannot permit you to proceed.” Mrs. G.- “Then I thank my God, I can go belore the judges of the U. S. Supreme Com t, where I will be heard, and where justice will be done me; which I cannot expect here* where 1 see such partiality.” The Judge— * General Gaines, this is lan guage which I shall not suffer. Decorum must be preserved in this court; there are no privileged classes here.” Gen. G.—“lt is tiot my intention to be inde corous to the court. 1 know my rights and will maintain them in despite ol my enemies, and despite of New Orleans und its sixteen hanks.” The Judge—“O/der must be preserved in this court.” Gen. Gaines— “ Has not your honor acted as counsel for the opposite parties in this case before you were raised to a seat on that bench?” Mrs. G.—“ Yes, he has, and he is now sit ting in judgement against us.” The Judge—“ Mrs. Gaines, I again repeat that I will not sit here and suffer such language as this to be made use of, even by a woman.” During this singular discussion, one of the oflicets of the court was sent for Messrs. Grimes and Chinn, the associates of Mr. Pey ton for the defence, to take charge of Ihe case, but neither of them was forthcoming, and Mr. Smith again addressed the court urging the right of the defendants’ to a liberal construc tion of the law of evidence. General Gaines again rose and alluded to the controversy which closed previous to Mr. Smith’s addressing the court. The Judge—“l have said nothing, Gen Gaines, against the lady. lam sure I acted with great forbearance. I did not prevent the argument of any question ol law, hut I inter posed to prevent a scene of wrangling which, if permitted to go on, was calculated to bring the court into contempt, and weaken that au thority which it is bound to exercise for the preservation of order.” Gen. Gaines—“l have something to say for which I hold myself responsible to this court, and to the world. The counsel for the plain tiffs (Mr. Roselius) said yesterday that my re marks relative to one of ihe parties to this suit were impertinent. This I never suffered any person to tell me belore, but coming from that gentleman, I let the language pass from my ear as the idle wind. Since my wife has been alluded to, I insist upon her right to be heard.” The Judge—“l do not deny her right lo ad dress the court, hilt is the evidence closed?” Mr. Barton, for the plaintiffs, argued that front the nature of the pleadings put in by the defendants the evidence was necessarily clos ed. Tite judge then ga\>e hiS decision on the points of law at issue between the parties.'— He first ruled that the evidence offered was inadmissible, except in as fat as the represen tatives of E len O’Brien, were concerned in wh< sC suit it was originally taken ; that the authority of the plaintiffs to sue as the heirs of Daniel Clarke should have denied by a special pte, a-nd that a subsequent will to that under Which the plaintiffs sue must be specially plead ed and proof of its being probated given be t-ire it can be entertained by the court or of fered as evidence'. Mr. Barton, for the plaintiff's, addressed some remarks lo the court, to show that from tite position in which the case Stood the defen dants could offer no evidence, nor had they any which could be received by the court. General Games then Said, asr the evidence was closed on him, and as he was deserted by bis counsel, be would take the case into his own hands. If he appeared in the uniform of a United States officer, it was more as a mark of respect lo the Court, than as a badge of privilege. [Here the Judge explained what he meant by ‘‘privileged characters.’ ] Tiie (act of his wife being in Court, lie said, was no subject tor a sneer. She was deeply interested in the issue this case, and he thought that she, or any well educated lady, or indeed anv woman of an intelligent mind, was capa ble of forming a correct opinion of its merits i as one of the other sex, and that she could as well understand it, as she could the proper j furbelows and flounces of her gown. With the permission of the Court, Mrs. Gaines then rose and read to the Court and jury several pages of manuscript, being an j elaborate history of Iter own alleged wrongs, i and of the artifices and devices of Richard Kell, Beverly Chew, and others, to keep her from possessing or enjoying the properly of Ihe late Daniel C arke, bequeathed to her by him, whose legitimate daughter site was, and I not his natural child, its they have alleged.- It being now lour o’clock, tite Judge dis charged the jury until Monday week—the first ’ day oti which a jury sits in that Court. Monroe Railroad. —Speaking of the Central reminds its of the .Monroe Rail Road, —[this being a continuation of that, from Macon through Monroe, Pike and Henry counties, to Dekalb, where it strikes the ter minus of the great Slate work, the Western and Atlantic Railroad, and thence to the Tennessee River and the Far West.)—which is also going rapidly ahead. The Iron for which Road is now being laid down, between Forsvth and Griffin, at the rate ot half a mile a day. Before the first day of September, we expect to see the superstructure all Guilt, the iron rads laid down, and the cars running to the new town of Griffin, 5S links from Macon, —M a Cud Telegraph. CtJLU.UBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, MAY 27, 1841. TENNESSEE ANTIQ.UITIES, THE OLD STONE FORT. The celebrated Btone Fort, in Bedford coun tv, Tennessee, which has long excited the at tention of tourists, and the admiration of the scientific as well as the antiquarian, and which has lor ages been mantled in obscurity, is about to be disrobed of its mystery. At the destruction of an old building in Se ville, which for the last century has been oc cupied hy a family remarkable lor their adven tures and achievements with the buccaneers who infested the coast of Mexico, Florida, See., early in the sixteenth century, a package c,t .papers was found, consisting of charts and journals, in which were contained traces of ihe path pursued by the buccaneers whilst in Amer ica. Oneofthe papers contained a minute de scription of the Slone Fort, and the adjacent country, including the three forks of Duck River.’ From these papers it appears that the “Gleta” a buccanneer vessel, was driven by stress of weather, into a S"'al! harbor on the coast of Florida, where the pirates ibund it ne cessary to dismantle their vessel and repair. That while repairs were going on, a distres sing mutiny broke out; the principal officers were put to death in the most cruel manner, anJ the vessel destroyed. The party consis ting of about two hundred persons, being de termined to erect a colony in ihe new world, wandered along the coast of Florida until they tell on Mobile Bay, which they followed up un til thev met the Alabama river. There cros sing the river a north-westerly-direction, they me! the three forks of Duck River, where ihey located themselves and built the Stone Fort, which afforded an asylum and a retreat secure from the incursions of their then pow erful neighbors, the Indians. Here they re m iined some twenty years, but at length hav ing expended their ammunition, and having lost many of their party by disease, a number of the survivors determined lo retrace their steps toward the border of the Atlantic.— This being opposed an internal lend commen ced, which was kept up hy both parties with ihe most unrelenting fury and cruelty, until but four or five remained of ihe colony. The survivors finding themselves desiitute, in a wild and desolate country, determined, if pos sible, to reach again the’sea coast; and hav ing obtained some information from the Indi ans, they took a westernly course till they met the waters of Tennessee river, where they met a vessel belonging to the father Hennephew fleet on hoard of which they took passage, representing themselves as being shipwrecked marines,; and at length landed in I'ranee being the last of a powerful band of buccan neers. The Stone Fort contains several acres or land, is regularly constructed, and appears to have been planned and designed hy a skilful engineer. Within the wall are now growing trees which bear the marks of antiquity, ap pearing to have been standing some two or ihree (Tenturies. The country adjacent to the Fort abounds with natural curiosities, such as mounds, caverns, &c. How to make a Hen- House. —A hen-house should be a building for that purpose exclu sively ; and for the accommodation of filtv hens and their progeny, in size about 10 by 12 feet, and 7to 8 feet height of walls; with a door in the centre of the south or east end, made to shut as close as the doors of our dwellings ; and a small aperture near the door, about 9 by 10 inches, and 2 feet from the ground, for ffie admission of ihe fowls. In each gable end a window hole 18 bv 80 inches, with a lattice, so as to exclude ravenous birds, and a shutter inside to be closed tight in winter, but to be kept open in the summer for the purpose ol ventilation. ‘I he inside of the house should be plastered and white-wash ed as thoroughly asa larmer’s kitchen. I here must be no ground floor, but a tight floor on three sides, 3 feet wide, and well j linen to the wall, about 4 feet from the ground. Above the floor place the roosts, two on each side, the outerone 12 inches from the wall, the oth er 15 inches from that. The roosts, il practi cable, should be sassafras poles, with the bark on, as this wood is found to be a slow con ductor of heat, and is thought to be less liable to be infested with lice than most other kinds of timber, owing to its pecul ar aromatic smell. Under the floor place a row of boxes for nests, 2 1-2 feet from the ground. The boxes to be 10 hv 12 inches, and 6or 7 inches deep. In the bottom of the box put half an inch of fine kme or ashes, and then fill nearly full With fine straw. The interior of the house should he thoroughly cleansed and white-washed earlv in the spring, and the ground well cov ered with slacked lime or ashes. In cold weath er pul a little fine straw on the ground If at any time the house becomes infested with lire, clean and whitewash as before directed. On the ground place your leed boxes, which should not he very deep, but of sufficient capacity to hold a half a bushel each, and keep them well supplied ; the year round, with corn, buck wheat and oats, or other kinds of grain, hav ing one box- for lime and gravel in the winter. 1 am satisfied whoever will adopt the above plan and regulations, will soon find themselves well paid for the expense. Montgomery Railroad. —We are enabled to sav, as we do with much pleasure, Hint the Montgomery and V\ est Point Railroad, complete from the former city to Franklin, is nowin a thorough state of repair, after the injuries caused by the late heavy rains, and the train of cars passes regularly each day from Montgomery up to Franklin and hack ao-,tin. The Griffin line of stages is also so arranged iliat no time whatever is lost at Franklin, either going west or east, but the passengers pass immediately on. By this line passengers'go from Augusta or Macon to Montgomery as quick as they can by any other conveyance, and pass eastward!;/ at the same rafe. This, in additiontoflie better roads and more populous provision country through which the route passes, we think should induce passengers to give it a prefer, ence over any other. Monroe Rail Road money taken at par for passage throughout the line.— Georgia Jeffersonian. The New Orleans Chamber of Commerce have addressed a Circular to (he Chambers o< Commerce in nil the Colton exporting Stales, recommending an alteration in the period of makin” up the annual statement of cotton, from the Ist of October to the 21st of August. The advantage of tins change,in keeping ihe crop accounts of different years distinct is ob vious, and we learn that it is to- he adopted bv the New Orleans Price currents The ex amp'e will doubtless be followed universally. Mobile Journal. ALABAMA TOBACCO. One hogshead of Tobacco, the p"oduct of Cherokee county in this State, was brought to our market on Saturday, consigned to Messrs. Broadnax, Newton & Haynes of this citv. This is the first Tobacco of Alabama growth, ever brought to this market. W e learn that the soil and climate of the whole Cherokee country in this State are particular ly- aclayted to the culture of Tobacco ; and we predict the time is not far distant, when it. will form an important item in the agricultural pro ! ducts cf our State.— Advertiser. THE UNION OF THE STATES, AND THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATES. From the National Intelligencer. London, March 22, 1841. Sir : I have the honor herewith to enclose a copy of resolutions agreed to at a meeting of members of the British Parliament, and sanctioned by upwards of one hundred and twenty of that body. Tne subject of free trade and the extension of our commercial relations with the rest of the world by simplifying our tariff , and thus leading other nations, by such an example, to co-operate with us for the attainment of so important and so desirable an object, has late ly engaged much of the public attention in this country; and the general feeling manifest ed in favor of such changes will, we confidently hope, soon induce the Government and Legis lature to take proper steps for carrying out extensive measures of commercial reform. The report of a select committee of the House of Commons, with the tvidence given before it on tlie subject of important duties, in the last session of Parliament, has been chiefly instrumental in producing a state of public opi nion favorable to a more liberal commercial policy, by cleariy proving that the restrictions and prohibitions ol the present commercial code of the British Empire are, in the highest degree, prejudicial to the best interesis of the nation. Allow me, therefore, as the late chairman of that committee, to forward to you a copy of that report and evidence, and to request the favor of your most earnest con sideration for it. The liberal course recommended hy the committee will be found applicable to the wants of all countries; and, in a matter so deeply interesting to the peace of the world, and to the prosperity of nations, I venture to hope for your zealous support in the convic tion that the enlightened friends of free trade may be appealed to with peculiar propriety at the present moment; and that a vigorous and simultaneous movement in the different parts of the commercial and civilized world cannot fail to he attended with most important and beneficial results. I send you, also, a copy of the last report of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce, in which the opinions of the merchants and man ufacturers of that great commercial commu nity are strongly and favorably expressed. Public meetings of the merchants and in habitants of Liverpool, Glasgow, Edinburgh, Dundee, Bolton, Ashton, and many other cit ies and towns, have already been held, where resolutions have been agreed to, warmly ap proving of the course recommended by the select committee and by the meeting of mem bers of Parliament. It will give me much satisfaction if you will favor me with any suggestions likely to for ward the great object we have in view; and, on my part, I shall be most happy to supply any information whieh you may deem it de sirable to obtain, and which it may be in my power to afford. I have the honor to remain your obedient and humble servant., JOSEPH HUME. To the Hon. Daniel Jenifer. Warming Pans to Havana.—A Specimen of the new Appointments. —We had a cap ital illustration, says the Philadelphia Spirit ol the Times, of the capacity of the comers in at the Custom House on Saturday. One of the Deputy Inspectors was sent down to the brig Elizabeth, loading at Lombard street wharf, for Havana, to note the delivery of several packages ofgoods entitled todebenture. Not knowing exactly what to do, he applied to Captain Gallagher, of the brig, for infor mation. The captain, being a wag, resolved to “ try conclusions” on the new deputy, ac cordingly gave him a deal of the most incom prehensible intelligence. “ Corne this Way, Mr. Inspector,” said Capt G., with great gravity and deference; come this way I’ll show you the boxes, and tell you what to do with ’em. “ You ’re a jewel, captain.” returned the other. “ I’ve only had my commission about twenty minutes, and I’d be thankful ff you’ll just tell me what to write down on this bit of paper.” “You see these boxes, marked X X and a star. Well put them down shipped by Hanse Souercroutzen--on speculation— for Kams chatka, by way of the Moro, at Cuba, in the Island of Havana, On the Spanish Main. Be very particular.” The Deputy, much excited by the novelty of his situation, wrote out this precious rig marole on the crown of his hat, without suspi cion, and then enquiied if they were entitled to “preventure.” “ Debenture, you mean.” said the captain, observing that the green deputy didn’t know the ropes “Oh yes ! they’re entitled to two debentures and a half.” Be sure you have that down an I add contents unknown!— take off the marks of these six packages R. G. and a diamond. Say they coma in | uvo dozen each of Smith’s patent self heating warming pans, shipped by Mr. Smith him self, —-(ions gn£d to the Governor’s chief mandarin, —for the the use of the State,” and down went everv word. “ How many pfeven,—I 1 mean debentures —have they a right to Captain ” “Oh excuse me, I had forgot. Why as these things conte tinder the head of public stores, you must say they are entitled to four debentures and a drawback.” Here the Captain could scarcely keep his Countenance, but, making a strong effort at composure, gave his tobacco an extra turn, and looked at the brig. “Yes, 1 believe that’s all.”—and you’ll find its enough, too, “thought the wag of a tar!— “No, stop! here are three bales of double milled Whitney blankets; two casesol Scotch knit hose, and one box of gum elastic- over shoes;- hut you needn’t be particular about them. Just note the number, and tell the Collector not to trouble himself over them.— ‘Good m truing, Mr. Inspector, I see I’m wan ted on hoard.” The captain then made a very polite bov? and went away. The Dep uty returned the congee, and expressed his grattitiule, hut not liking ihe roguish leer of ’ the Captain’s eye as they parted, he went in Mr. Old’s counting room to ascertain whether his certificate was rightly filled up. The pe rusal of the document nearly killed the clerk. As soon as he recovered’ from the fit of - fun it brought upon him, he pacified the poor Deputy, Who was sorely galled by the hoax, gave him proper directions, and cautioned him against sending warming pans and Whitney blankets to Havana in future. Missouri Law. —The St. Louis New Era says an important decision was made by the Supreme Court of the State, in which the mer cantile community are much interested. The question came up in the case of Austin & Haines vs Blue, a d was, what constitutes a negotiable note under the statute of this State 1 The Court/ after full argument, decided that the words “negotiable and payable ” must ap pear on the face of the note, in order to give it negotiability/ as well as the’words “for value received, without defalcation,” which have generally been considered to confer that char acter. According to this decision, a note to be negotiable should be in the following form : -after date I promise to pay to or order dollars, negotiable and payable with out defalcation or discount, and fer value re ceived.” THE PATROON OF ALBANY. The celebrated “ Helderbergh War,” in which the deeds of the New York Militia a few years since afforded so much amusement to the New York press, has again been re newed. Os the nature of ihe tenures by which the tenants hold their lands, and from which have sprung their difficulties with their land lord, much misconception exists. Ihe ariicle therefore which we publish below from the “ New Yorker,” in reference to this matter, a full history of the Rensselaer claims, the last entailed estate in the Union, will prove of in terest.—Alabama Journal. The Manor of Rensselaeßwyck. —Hugh Maxwell and Gary V. Sackett, Commission ers appointed by the Governor to mediate between the Patroon, Stephen Van iteusse iaer, and his refractory tenants, have made a Report in part to the Legislature, from which we galher toe following facts: The Manor of Rensselaerwvck is about twenty-four miles in length each way from the Hudson River, and tweniy-lour in breadth North and South, from Boon Island in the Hudson to the Cohoes Falls in the Mohawk, excluding a strip one mile wide and sixteen miles long, on the West side of the River, (which includes the greater part of the city of Albany,) excepting also the site of the city of Troy, and certain olher portions of the coun ties of Albany and Rensselaer of which the fee simple has been surrendered by the Pat roon. This tract was purchased of the Indian occupants by Killion Van Rensselaer between 1630 and 1637, under the sanction of the Dutch Government. After the conquest of the colony by the English, anew charter was granted him by Queen Anne in 1701, so that Ihe original Van Rensselaer title would seem a triple cord not easily broken. The charter from Queen Anne is baronial or feudal, con ferring upon the Patroon all the rights of a lord of the manor under the old English laws, authorizing him to hold courts, issue writs, impose fines, distrain for rent, &.c. &c. The American Revolution stripped him of many of these privileges, but left him in pos session of the properly* which is held by entail, and leased to tenants on conditions which are now generally deemed unwise & oppressive, if not degrading. The estate is divided into farms of one hundred and twenty acres each, leased in perpetuity, at a yearly rent of twen ty-two and a hall bushels of wheat, four fat fowls, one day’s service with wdgon and horses, the payment of all taxes and assess ments, and reservations to the Patroon of all mines, minerals and streams of water, such fire-wood and timber as he inay think proper to require for building mills, mining operations, itc. &c. He is also entitled to ‘quarter sales,’ or one-fourth the proceeds of every *ale or transfer of a lease from one tenant to another. These conditions many of the tenants deem oppressive and degrading, and have combined to resist their enforcement. The late Patroon was a very kind-hearted, benevolent ruan, and popular with his tenant ry. During his long life they did very much as they pleased about the rent;’ and at his death there was due from them the gross sum of four hundred thousand doUurt, while lie was involved, if we mistake not, in pecuniary em barrassments of some standing. The new Patroon, Stephen Van Rensselarr the vounger, coming into possession of the estate, attempted to turn over anew leaf.— He demanded the payment of all arrears and a rigid fulfilment of the eontracts thereafter — a demand which led to remonstrance, resist ance, the famous ‘Helderbergh War,’and ulti mately to this attempt at adjustment by State mediation. The Commissioners have not brought the landlord and tenants vefy near each other’s terms, as yet. The Patroon offers to receive S3O in money in lieu of the 22 1-2 bushels of wheat, one day’s service and four fowls, which are now the annual rent of a farm. He will relinquish the right of quarter sales for S3O per farm. He will relinquish the water privi leges, &c. for a fair consideration—all these on condition that the arrears of rent be first adjusted and acknowledged so ns to be in a train of ultimate payment, or the arrears be ing settled, he will release ass hid title and in terest in nny farm for $4 per acre, one-filth in hand, the balance secured by bond and mort gage. These are the rafroon’s conditions, and they do not appear to us unreasonable. In reply to these terms the tenarts submit ted the following proposition: that the rent in wheat be valued at one dollar per bushel, and all restrictions be taken off; and that the ten ants have ihe privilege of purchasing the fee at a sum, at 7 per cent, interest, which {would amount to a given number of hushelsof wheat. Meaning tl ereby to’ pay for 166 acres of land (being the the size generally of the farms for which they pay 22 1-2 bushels of wheat) $321 4%, or s2f per acre; In this situation do the affairs of the T.Vnd lord and his tenants remain at present. The Commissioners say they “ have thought they should best perform their duty to the parties and to the public by suspending their inter ference lor the present, and until some indica tion shall appear of a disposition on the part of the landlord or tenants to reconsider the terms submitted, arid approximate toward those offered by the other party. The dispo sition manifested hv a great majority of the tenants induces us to hope that finally a set tlement \bill hie effected between them and the landlord. The interest of the landlord, as well as that of the tenants, will he most ad vantageously secured by mutual concession and compromise.” The Fisheries'. —The Mackerel fishery hasffor several years been so unsuccessful, that it will probably be abandoned in a great measure before long. The entire catch of Massachusetts la3t year was only 50,000 barrels, having been gradually diminishing since I*B3l, when it was 353,000 barrels. In Portland, where 45,000 barrels have been packed in a single season there were about 500 barrels packed last year. The cod fishery is so uncertain, both trom ! scarcity of fish and low prices, that unless | they had ihe bounty to rely upon, it would be abandoned, as the Vessels now in existence would wear out or he lost. The French and English pavamnch higher bounty to their fishermen than the United Slates does, and ! hence the fish of those nations is sold id the : markets at lower prices than the American fisherman is able to compete with. The cost of carrying on Ihe cod fishery is found to average about 8100 dollars a season, for leads, lines, nets,- knives, salt and provisions, to each man employed. Ii is estimated that a vessel in the cod fishing will take, on an average, seven quin tals of fish when dried and fit for market, and will use nine bushels of salt perron, on an average. Large vessels will use more and small ohes less. The earnings of a man for a season will average from 850 to 875, clpar of expenses of living>—Newburyport Her ald. A Sailor’s notion of a Sermon. —A Nan tucket sailor was aske-Pto give an opinion of a sermon to which he had just listened. He said it was a handsome sermon, but he would have liked it much better if it had stuck the iharpoon into the conscience of the shiner- India.—British Tyranny. —The Kev. J. Piermont gives the following description ol the horrid tyranny of the British Government in this unhappy region : *'• The sanguinary wars by which Great Britain has subjugated the hundred millions ot India, and the stern despotism with which she rules and starts tliefn, that her merchant princes may roll in splendor and lap them selves in voluptuousness, have a voice which the whole thickness of the globe cannot keep cut of our ears. ‘ A more beautiful Country,’ says a brother clergyman, recently of this city, 1 than that from Cuddalone to Tanjore (in Madras) cannot possibly be imagined.— The dense population and rich soil give their energies to each other, and produce a scene of surpassing loveliness. But tfie taxes and other causes keep down the laborer* to a stale below that of our Southern slaves.’ ‘ Turn your eyes backwards,’ says a speaker of their own, no longer ago than last September, ‘turn your eye backward upon the scenes of last year. Go with me into the northwest prov inces of the Bengal presidency, and 1 will show you the bleaching skeletons of five hun dred thousand human beings, who perished of hunger in the short space of a few months; — Yes, died of hunger in what lias been justly called the granary of the world. The air for miles was poisoned with the effluvia emitted from the putrifying bodies of the dead. The rivers were choked with the corpses thrown into their channels. Mothers cast llieir little ones beneath the rolling waves, because they would not see them draw their last gasp, and feel them stiffen in their arms. Jackals and vultures approached and fattened upon the bodies of men, women and children, before life was extinct. Madness, disease and de spair stalked abroad, and no human power present to arrest their progress. And this occurred in British India, in the reign of Vic toria the first. Nor was the event extraordi nary or unforeseen. Far from it. 1835 wit nessed a famine in the Northern province.— 1833 beheld one in the E istern. lS22saw one in the Deccan. They have continued to increase in frequency and extent under our sway, for more than half a century.’ Under the administration of Lord Clive, a famine in the Bengal province swept off three mil lions; and at the time the British speculators had their granaries filled to repletion with corn. Horrid monopoly of ihe necessaries of life! Three millions died, while there was food enough; and to spare, locked lip in the store house together. To add to the horror with which lie had been called upon to regard the last dreadful famine, (that of the last year,) we are made acquainted by the returns of the custom-house, with the fact, that as much grain was exported from the lower part of Bengal, as would have fed the half million who perished, for a whole year. Yet this awful oppression and thoae desolating famines must go on, that England may extort a hun dred millions of dollars every year, from her hundred millions of Hindoos; and poppies must grow instead of wheat, that, at her can nonVAtinut'hf'slie may force her opium upon the three hundred millions of the Chinese, while someone solitary marshman, perhaps, is translating of the Bible of the Christians, to bring these countless millions to accept the religion of a nation that stands ready at this moment to destroy one halt of them by war,, that it may destroy the other half by poison.’’ Aw EXTRAORDINARY JOURNEY AND VoY age.—An English traveller, Sir George Simp son, who recently eel out from Liverpool, and left Montreal on his wild route a few days since, is now engaged in one of the most ex traordinary adventures of modern times. He is now on his way round the world, and ex pects to travel'in all 36,850 miles. Thus, he left Liverpool and arrived at Halifax and Boston by steam packet, a distance of 3500 miles. Thence fie went to Montreal by wa ter, a distance of 370 miles. He left that city in a canoe, and intends to visit French river, lakes Huron,'Superior, White Fish, Lake of the Woods and Winnipeg, until he reaches the Red River settlement, being a distance of 2150 miles, all by canoes. He then proposes to travel on horseback and on foot to the Rocky Mountains, a distance of upwards of 1300 miles. He will then proceed down the Columbia liiver, a distance of 1110 miles bv boit, until he arrives at Fort Vancouver.— tfe will then'travel on the Pacific Ocean by steamboat and ships upwards of 15,000 miles; will visit Sandwicii Islands, Kamschatka and various other places. He will proceed to Si beria, and travel 860 miles on horseback— then along the Lena, a distance of 2640 miles in boats. He will take horses, and after visit ing various regions of the north of Europe, will proceed home through Europe, being a distance of 9500 miles, in carriages and on horseback. His calculation is to he absent the whole of, this ye,ar; .and the greater part of nexL —Philadelphia Inquirer. Savannah and Macon Railroad.-Tlic public will be gratified to learn, that the whole length of this Road tha t was Completed before the late disastrous floods, will soon be restored to use. The cars run at present but 80 miles from Savannah , but in a short fibre they will run 135’miles—the point the Road wias com pleted to when the freshet occurred—being within less than 60‘ miles of Macon,’ The grading is already completed to the Oconee; and the superstructure will be laid down du ring the summer;- —so that by early fall, if no untoward accident happens, passengers and merchandise will be brought by the Railroad to within 30 miles of this city. On the upper end of the line, sav between the Ocmulgee and Oconee Rivers, the embankments and excava tions are being made with great celerity—and it is anticipated with much certainty, that the whole line from Savannah to MaCon, a dis tance of 193 miles, will be completed and in use in some 18 months from this time. —Macon Telegraph. Important Decision. —Tin*. Cincinnati! F.nqfiirer states that the oirpreime Court lias decided that certifi ates of deposit, and such like humbug devices to evade the statutes a gainst unauthorised bank paper, a;e illegal and within the staiute of 1816. The Quo IV’arrani> cases of the State vs Ohio, Life In surance Company, and the Miami Exporting Company have beer, reserved for decision by the Court in Bank. A good Idea. —A short time since Fanny Klssler, the famous French dancer, rode from one of the New Orleans Theatres to the Ho tel upon horseback, and the cushion upon which she sa'. was afterwards put up at auction and bid oil at 85! An exchange paper thinks the U. S. Bank had better employ Fanny to sei upon some of their notes and see if she dan’t improve the value of them!—N. Hampshire paper. Infortant Legal Decision. —Tt was on Saturday decided by the judges of the District Court of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the case of Croft vs TteifF, that in a case where a check drawn payab'e to bearer, and loaned by the drawer to the payer for his ac commodation, and by the payer passed to a third party, in payment of a bona fide deb!, the holder cotild not recover thereon. VOL. I. NO. 16. Butter. —A New York papet 1 publishes for the information of Agriculturists and oth ers, the following advices received from En gland relative to one of our staple a/ficles, which has of late become an important item in our exports to that country: From the London Commercial Journal, March 27.” “At a public sale of American Butter at Liverpool it fetched, for best sorts, 845.; 725. to 7 Is. duty paid; while inferior only sold at 435. to 445. in bond *ol which the parcel chief ly consisted. The quantity arrived at the London market shews the same results, the principal part being used for grease purposes. The American makers of Butter are very far behind the Irish, English, or Dutch / from the first operation to the last, all seems to be done without system or care ; the same materials would if managed by experienced hands, fetch in this market 255. to 30s. more money. There is no attention paid to the, making, sal ting, putting down or packing.'” Extract of a letter. . “ Asii is probable that American Butterand Lard will in future seek a market in Great Britain lor the surplus product, it may be well that the farmers and others should know that their interest will be to take more cure in ma king these articles. Nothing can be superi or to the rich flavor of the Ohio and other Western Butter, fed on prairie and Other rich soils in the autumn; but even a moderately short voyog.*, or the approach of spring,’ changes the character of it into a White and rancied grease; the evil seems to be that the buttermilk is not worked out, neither is it properly salted. The best American Butter imported this year lias not sold higher than 85s. while the best from the continent has fetched 110s. to 115s; the latter will keep l fof years.” Length of Miles in Different Coun tries. —There is scarcely a greater variety in anything that in ihiskind of measure. Nod only those ofdifierent Countries differ, as the French from the English, but thbse of the same country vary in the different provinces, and all commonly from the standard. Thus the common English mile differs from the statue mile ; and the French have three sort of leagues. Here follows the miles of several countries compared with the English, by Dr. Hallay; , The English statue mile consists of 5380’ feet, 1760 yards, or 8 furlongs. The Turkish, Italian and old Roman lesser mile 7s nearly one English. The Arabian ancient and modern, is about 1 1-2 English, The Scotch and frieh mile are about 1 and/ ohe half English* , The Indian is almost 5 English. , The Dutch,'Spanish and Polish are about 8 1-4 English. The German is more than 4 English. The Swedish, Danish and Hungarian is a bout 5 to 6 English. The French common league is near 3 En glish. , The English marine league is three En glish miles. —Congregationalist. Silk W orms. — A writer in the Na tional In telligencer states that the extensive loss of the silk-worms in this country last year, was caused by the same diseases, (called muscar dine,) which has proved so destructive to them’ in Europe. The proper remedy, he says, is a free application of air-slaked-time to the worms, and also to the floors of the cocoone ry, and white-Oash all the wood-work of ihe fixtures. The lime should be sifted through a fine sievC on the worms , two.or three times a Week if healthy, and oncC a day if diseased, in the morning before the first feeding, and af*. ter cleaning the hudles. The quantity of lime to be sifted on the worms may he just sufficient 1o whiten the worms anil leaves well? and it should be commenced when the worms are half grown; say twelve to fifteen days old. This remedy has, during the past enabled those persons in France who used it to save and obtain cocoons front ninety-seven per cent of all the worms hatch ed.”—Journal of Commerce. State Bonds. —There : s certainly some misapprehension relative to the proportionate value of Dollar and Sterling Bonds. The de nominations are usually a thousand dollars, or two hundred and twenty-five pounds sterling, and these are, in our market, treated as the same amount—in other word's, each pound sterling, which is the same as the sovereign; is calculated at four d'olloars forty-four cents, which produces upon the .£225, SI,OOO. But the sterling pound or sovereign is, by the lawsf of the United States, valued at $4 85, and which is the actual value, for which at the mint they will give you so rfruch silvei 1 , thus making i>225 bond equal to 81,091 25 bond, 1 and consequently the difference id pric6 ought to be from seven to nine per cent, depending in some degree, upon the market 1 value of sovereigns here, as they sometime rise above $4 85'. The difference in these two deserp tions of securities ought not to be affected at all by the fact that the dollar bonds 1 are paya ble here and the sterling bond in London, ex cept to increase the value of the sterling bonds, lor, if the sterling bonds are not paid ire London, and come hack here for payment; they must be paid principal and interest, at the rate of $4 85 for the pound sterling.—N.’ Y. Times. Tiif. University of this State lias, at present, it is said, but fifty students—a meagre number, when the liberal provision made by the Legislature is considered. It has accom modations for some .hundreds; and it is to be regretted that prejudices against it which cause many of the young men of this Stale to seek an education elsewhere, still continue to exist. Most, if not all of them,'are probably ground less.—Alabama Journal, May 19. Trade of N. York.— According to Hunt’s Merchants’ Magazine, the amount of capital in the State invested in foreign trade is $49,- 803,401. The number of retail dry goods, groceries, qnd other stores in the Slate is 12 063, with a capital of $41,581,551. The total number of commercial houses ire the State of New York engaged in foreign trade is 459, of which 417 are in the city of New York. The total number of commission houses in the Slate of New York i<* 1094, of which 913 are in the city of New York. What Ingratitude ! —A needy Patriot; —The Buckeye blacksmith is in the city, in great distress. Ite has applied for relief to all the Whig leaders and pipe-layers, but with out success. Badger, who carried him about during the last campaign, and aWnosf deified him, has refused even lo see him,- although repeatedly assured that he is sick and starving. Mr. Roberts feels for him, hut not in his pock ets ! We are not at rill surprised at their con duct; we are only astonished he should be fool enough to expect nnv thing from them. The day of his “availibility” is gone.—Phila delphia .Spirit of the Timas. Veg ViTable J>nrr. — A facetious friend of mirs, who during hot weather cherishes an ardent al'aehment to mint fillips, rlccla'i s that it is in strict accordance vviih the ordeig of his physician, who has urged upon him the imreraliye necessity of existing upon vege’.a | b!e food.—N. O. Picayune