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PUBLISHED EVEHY THURSDAY MORNING. BY JAMES VAN NESS, n the “Granite Building,” on the corner of Oglethorpe and Randolph Streets. TERMS: Svj BscniPTto'v—-three dollars ;>er annum, pavable in a Ivauce , three doila: sand a half at the end of six nunths, or four dollars, (in all cases) where pay-’ ment is not made before tne expiration of the year. No subscription received for less than twelve months without payment in advance, and no paper discon tinued, except at the option of the Kill tor, until all arrearages are paid. AnrtßTitt'XExrs conspicuously inserted at one dol lar per one hundred words, or tees, for the firs! In sertion, an I fifty cents for every subsequent contin uance* Those sent without a specification of the number of insertions, will be published until ordered , out, and charged “accordingly. Yeiri.it Advertisewents.—Forever 24 anr not exceeding 33 line', fifty dollars per annum ; fo orer 1 1 and not exceeding it lines, thirty-five dol lars per arm 1:11 ; lor less than 12 lines, twenty dot lars per annum. 2. All rule and figure work double the above prices, Lesai. Advertisements published at the usual rates, an 1 with strict attention to the requisitions of the law. Ai.l Sxi.es regulated hy law, must he made before the court house door, between the hours of 10 in the morning and four in the evening—those of land in the county w'vre it is situate; those of personal property, where the letters testamentary, of admin istrauon or of gu tr-Lanqip were obtained—and are requited to be previously advertised in 3oine public gazette, as follows: Sheriffs’ Sale* under regular executions for thir ty days ; under mortgage li fas sixty days, before the day of sale. Sales of land and ncorroes, by Executors, Adminis trators or Guardians, for sixty days before the day of sale. Sales of personal property (except Negroes) forty days. Ci r.Tiov-i bv Clerks of the Courts ol Ordinary, upon application for letters of administration, mustbe pub lished fn thirty days. Citations upon application for dismission, by Exec utors, Administrators or Guardians, monthly for six months. Orders of ConrtnofOrdinary, (accompanied with a copy of the bond or agreement) to make titles to land, must, he published three months. Nonces by Pi x ecu tors. Administrators or Guardians, of application to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell the lari I or negroes of an estate, four months. Notices l>v Executors or Administrators, to the debtors and creditors of an estate, for six weeks. Sheriffs', Clerks of Court &e. will be allowed the usual deduction. Q T Letters* on business, mustbe post paid, to entitle them to attention. From the Federal Union. TIIE CENTRAL BANK. The opinions long since entertained and expressed by us, in relation to this Institution mill the currency of its bills; we are “ratified to find are beginning to be sanctioned by pub lic sentiment pretty generally throughout the State. Even those who doubted and opposed the credit of her issues are convinced and feel the necessity of sustaining the Central Bank bills as superior to any others in circulation. We have always believed and contended that the Central Bank was the safest and best Institution in the Stale, and the only one in which t he people of every county are interest ed in sustaining its credit. It is now the only ouc in the Stale which ihe people have entire confidence in the solvency of, and of the per fect security of the holder of Bank bills. The late failures, frauds and mismanage ment of the chartered monopolies have called the attention of the people more immediately and interestedly to the security they have in the bills of banks ; this with the great scarci ty of money of any kind and their necessities for a sound circulating medium suited to the circumstances which surround them and an swering the purpose of discharging their do mestic liabilities make every one anxious to obtain and support the credit of the bills of this State. No bills go so well in every part of the State, none answer a better purpose— (the bills of specie paying banks excepted and of which there are now comparatively none in circulation.) Not an individual now can be found scarcely who does not consider Central Bank hills the best to be had in the country. Why is it so; It is BECAUSE THERE CAN BE NO SUCH THING AS A FAIL URE (> •’ THE CENTRAL BANK TO REDEEM ITS CIRCULATION. Its hills are always good and there can lie no danger ol insolvency. They are issued by the State. While there exists a government in Georg ia and the lands and rivers and mountains re mains,- with a population to support and main tain that government by their taxes or other sources of revenue the holder of the bills of the Central Bank is safe, and he can rest con fident of the redemption of his debt. The bills are now good and will continue good and current as long as Georgia is a State, and they are in circulation. Unlike the bills of oilier Banks the time never can come when they need be folded and lain closely away, to wait the resurrection of the credit and repairs of the property of broken insolvent stockholders and officers. Their channels for circulation to be paid or passed at par value, are open and and will always afford under any circumstan ces a medium by which they may be kept a going and in credit. When a chartered bank fails either by mis management or fraud there are but few of its stockholders or debtors interested in paying its liabilities, and the bill holders prospect is a slim one ; if be gets any thing tit ail it is only that which lie is compelled to take* or nothing, at the option of those who buy iu their liabili ties for thousands by the payment of a few cents. Not so with the Central Bank, she can neither fail anil become insolvent,- irre deemably by traud, or mismanagement. Her stock holder is the Stale, and her debtors the people of the State, neither of whom are in tcrested or can so redeem their liabilities at the expense of the holder ot her bills. The resources of the Central Bank arc and will over be as available as any haul; we have, now a days, for the redemption ot its bills. Not withstanding the clamor and bustle made by its enemies some short time back when the other banks were in better credit, over their ability to pay and the convertibility ot their funds'into specie, and the itke with denuncia tions against this Institution as being insolvent and holding nothing but notes on “Bom, Dick and Harry?’ ail over the State with which to redeem her issues. How stands the case now ! why just as we said ; and believed be fore, that these boasted chartered corporations whose hills were proclaimed to be so much better and so much more readily and promptly convertible into specie because of their sol vency and available assets have really neither the notes of the people, other than of then own stockholders, directors and a lew lavontes among the broken cotton speculators, or any other means to redeem their bills in the hands of the community. But tne Central Bank still has her same kind ot assets and notes on the people of every county, well endorsed, and t he revenues of the State of every description w ith which to pay her bills and furnish the holders of them ample security lor their re demption at par value. How many are there in the State who wore opposed to the Central Bank, misled by party prejudice, or deceived by the cunningly de vised falsehoods of its enemies and designing politicians, who are now convinced of their error, and satisfied of the deceptions practised upon them ? Will they still let such teelmgs ami such men govern their future course and suppress an open avowal of their preference Gr tit s Institution. W iiy should an\ man , i Kt . interest, his patriotism, his judgment pad ifis s > i-e of honor, to a blind zeal in the ?;:i?iort <> a party or faction who war against r -.Uon a i against truth—and the character and imp -V o. ,-f b S ate. Is not the Central jj, ,g a >; ... * 1,-, pui ion, does she not own its vi ido , :.i.t,i: ! ;;>■■■ - not all men of Georgia’ w;io her V one pu'v or the other, alike inter ce-i l. ami ii u t" : < i, directly responsible for the honor c the 8 a e and the credit of her Institution •’ d-as it not perform its otiices for t:ic wind • iomiie n cii u: distinction of party 1 l) >e- not .orV countv have dealt out to it the ea me benefit u ih o hers in like manner and Mjpt -r *bp 3j:ii r “C* r i'o’- -pa and regulations, THE COLUMBUS TIMES. VOLUME I.] independent of, and unconnected with any party interests or feelings either local or gen eral ? The troth is : there has l>een and will continue to be a struggle with the chartered hanks and the aristocratic portion of the peo ple to prostrate the Central Bank as being an obstacle an l a great barrier to their power and influence in the State. And for these reasons we may expect every effort to be made to make the bank objectionable to the people. \\ ith those who are led and prejudiced against it by the feelings and mists which party en genders, the dupes of the more designing, for getful or ignorant of their own interests, not much hope may be entertained that they wifi now long remain opposed and blinded by par tisans. Pay day has arrived in some of the coun ties, and every week brings due anew set of notes which were discounted at the Cen tral Bank last year. No money can now be loaned by the bank for the accommodation of those who are needy in every county, and did not then get it, though great relief was afford ed and the benefit is yet felt from the bills then put in circulation. They are now in demand every where because they will an swer to pay “ Torn, Dick and Harry’s ” notes which the bank holds as ‘.veil as the others she took when she leaned the SEVEN HUN DRED AND FIFTY THOUSAND DOL LARS, twelve months ago—the bills of other banks will not do. They are also the ready every where now, that the Tax Collectors are flying around an’- 1 , pouncing upon every one lor the heavy DOUBLE TAX imposed by the act of the last session. These Collectors must have specie or bills of specie paying banks, either of them just now equally scarce —or else they must be paid in Central Bank notes, which, wi*h them, are made equal to specie in payment of Taxes. The debtors to the bank and others holding dues to be set tled at the State Treasury, in any shape, whether friends or enemies of the bank, and of such there are not a few in every county, all find it very convenient to have Central Bank bills to pay with, and are not particular to refuse receiving them just now lest they be troubled for the want of such funds—and this will be the case as long, from year to year, as these debts are to settle and tlieso dues are to be collected. When will the time come that the people will not be required to pay taxes ? Never ! What would be the condition of the people had the Central Bank no bills in circulation, and had she not loaned’ the money she did last year? What bank notes could they get -—or where would they procure the specie to pay their taxes and the debts due by them to the State and to each other. Do not, all these facts show that this is the best, the safest bank in the State, and the only one which has benefitted the whole people—the one which is beer calculated to promote the interest and happiness of all, and to supply a circulating medium in which confidence can be placed in times like these, when distress and scarcity of money overshadows every section with alarm and dread of ruin at the hands of credi tors. ]u it there can be no want of confidence with any, and now it is that the people want the bills of such an institution. Where cre dit and confidence alone can enable a bank to keep out a circulation to relieve, and discharge debt upon debt, and perform all the offices of money. Where art tbe hundreds of persons who opposed the Central Bank’s making a loan last year, who were its bitter enemies, yet who came forward, borrowed its money and were relieved, many of them, from the sher iff's hammer. Those who cursed and abused tiie bank, yet manifested their confidence liy borrowing its bills, are they still to be found abusing and censuring it, in order to keep pace with their party and lend aid to the op ponents of relief and the advocates of meas ures calculated to aid the people in their dis tress. Their efibrts to depreciate the Central Bank bills and the credit of the State, have failed; whether it was for party purposes, or from a hope to buy themselves out of debt. Its notes are above par with most of the other banks, and the payments making to the State are already diminishing its circulation so much as to be felt in every county. It will soon be tbe best and the only currency the people of Georgia will have in circulation among them. How times change and things vary. This time last year, the whole cry of our opponents was made up of abuse and de nunciation against the Central Bank, the State’s debt of three hundred thousand dol lars, &c. &c. The bills of the Bank are in circulation, their credit improving, and the people glad to get them—tiie State debt ar ranged for—nil curses cease. The tongues of its enemies cleaved to the roofs of their mouths—they are silent as a clock without a 1 pendulum, but their venom is of the most bitter and rancorous kind. They swell, but fear to burst, lest it may poison themselves. They have not yet shed off their tattered scales and skins, and fear to move lest they be killed and prevented from thrusting their vitupr'ous fangs secretly into the vitals, and thereby destroy the institution. The friends of relief, and the supporters of McDonald for Governor are the advocates of the relief message and of the Central Btnk It is for his proposition to relieve th 6 people, that his enemies attempt to defeat the re election of Governor McDonald. lie is de clared by them to be in favor of the Central Bank, iiis enemies oppose this institution, and they condemn his relief message. His j friends are proud to claim him as tiie candi j date of the advocates of relief and of the Cen i tral Bank, while they solicit the support of ’ Central Bank men and relief men every ; where, in opposition to the candidate of tiie ’ Whigs, Mr. Dawson, who, and his warmest j advocates, are alike opposed to this instituiion. j and have said, “they would not if they could ! relieve the people.” Let the people look to j their interest. Let no man be deceived. The question in the coming contest for Go ! vernor and the Legislature is, Vv ill you elect j Dawson for Governor, who is opposed to the j bank, and his friends to the Legislature who ’ tire opposed to the relief of the people, and j desire to destroy this institution and put out your notes to be sued by chartered bank A: or ; will you rather choose McDonald, who is I your friend, the advocate of relief, as well as 1 the supporter of tiie bank, and will with his ! friends go for your interest in relation to both these important measures. From the Charleston Mcrcurv. TO “A CHARLESTONIAN.” Sir —l have noticed with tee hugs of min gled pride and hope, the patriotic efforts that you are making to draw public attention to the advantages of a direct communication with Great Britain by steam navigation. I hope that the day is not distant when your sound and patriotic views will meet a full fruition, and the city of Charleston and the whole South reap from their practical developement, a rich harvest of Commercial and Agricultu ral prosperity. 1 would say God speed to the good work, and 1 hope one day to see your name identified with it, as the greatest South ern and Anti-Tariff work that has ever been undertaken. Will the South submit to a Tariff of pro tection, when by the aid of steam hulls and rail roads, her plantations will be brought nearer to those who pay most tor our cotton, and expect least fur their manufactures ? COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, AUGUST 12, 1811. Look at the following facts—tliev were writ ten some months ago, but principles are not changed by time. At the present moment the highest price of upland cotton in the Liver pool market is 7if per lb. or ISc oo I’d which must be added 8 per cent for the difference between our ar bitrary par of 4-G and the real par 104 This will make the price 14 04 Making 14c. per lb. At this same moment the highest price of Cot ton in Columbus, Georgia, is 7 3-4 c. per lb. from which must be deducted 10 per cent for the de preciated character of that cur rency as compared with the cur rency of Liverpool, this will a mount ic 3.4 00 And leaves at the true price at Co lumbus 7c. per lb. It follows then that while the Manchester consumer of cotton pa) r s from 12 to 1 4e. for the raw cotton, in the precise state in which it leaves the hand of the planter, the grower ot this same cotton, if he reside in the neigh borhood of Columbus, gets but 0 to 7c. pet lb. out of the 12 or 11c. thus paid by the con sumer. On the other hand a yard of printed cotton calico (which weighs by the bye only 2 oz.) sells in Manchester for Gd. to which must be added Bd. for exchange, so that the actual cost in the currency of this country is G l-2d. or J2c. per yard. This identical arti cle sells in Columbus to the planter who raised the Cotton that produced it at 36c. per yard. Now if we deduct from the price of cotton in Liverpool (11) tiie price received by the planter iu Columbus (7c.) the difference which is Bc. per lb. or 100 per cent, on the Columbus price, shews what the planter pays in the shape of charges to get his cotton car ried to Liverpool and sold lor him—and if we deduct from the price paid for calico in Co lumbus, the price received by the printer in Manchester, the difference of 24c. per yard or 200 per cent, upon the price in Manchester, there is what the planter has to pay, in the shape of charges, to get a yard of calico brought to him from Manchester. 1 lb. of cotton will make 8 yards of calico supposing that there be no dirt or trash in the cotton; if we allow 12 l-2d. for trash, it will leave 7 yards, and 7 yards at 36c. (the Co lumbus price) is 2 52 Cost of the same cottou iu Columbus 7 The difference, which is 2 43 Shows what the planter lias to pay to have a pound of cotton carried to Manchester, manu factured into cloth, and returned to him at Columbus, (the federal duty, of course, in cluded.) After stating these facts, it will be apparent’ to every one what an immense gain it would be to the planter, if Manchester were placed suddenly alongside of Columbus, so that cot ton might be sold at Gd. per lb. and calico bought at Gd. per yard ; for whereas it takes now 5 lbs. of cotton to buy 1 yard of calico, then 1 ib. of cotton would suffice for the pur chase. It will be objected in reply, that tiie planters do not invest all the proceeds of their cotton in calico, and that if it were profitable to bring Manchester alongside of Columbus, other articles of equal or greater necessity, would stiil be equally remote and equally dear. This is a valid objection, and forms in connection with the hypothesis of bringing Manchester alongside of Columbus, an unan swerable argument in favor of adopting such change or improvement, that instead of bring ing Manchester to Columbus, should carry Columbus and bring other inland towns at the South, nearer to those customers who buy our cotton, and from whom we purchase in return manufactures and other commodities. What is the secret of the enormous tax of 100 per cent, paid by the planter for exporting his cotton f Ist. There is an Agent in Columbus who gets in charges of storage and commission, perhaps, 1-2 2. There are the expenses down to Apalachicola of freights, insurance and commission at Apalachicola, 1 3. The freight to New York, insurance again, loss in weight, commission there, storage, fire insurance, &c. 2 1-2 4. The commission of the foreign merchant in New York, who buys it for export. 1-2 5. The freight to Liverpool, 1 G. The expenses in Liverpool of com mission, brokerage, bank commis sion duty, time duty, dock duty, insurance, marine and lire, storage, postage, sampling, &.C., 2 1-2 7 1-2 Thus again on the calico we have shown the first cost to be 12 Now Ist is the protective duty, about 00 per cent 7 20 2. Freight, insurance, commission in Europe, and shipping charges, 10, 120 20 40 3. Importing merchants’ profit in New . York, 10, 2 32 40 4. Jobbers’ profit in New York or Charleston, 23, 5 36 28 5. The country storekeepers’ profit, 25, 7 35 Now when we reflect that these details can be carried out so as to show results nearly similar, as regards most of the articles ob tained by Lite planter from abroad, the depres ■ sed and embarrassed condition of the Seuthern : country will be abundantly and mournfully accounted for. But what is to be done ? We have had conventions, and committees, and reports, and addresses ; we have agitated the j public mind on the subject of internal im-! provement, and direct trade, and still we are borne down with the same burdens and ex actions. Perhaps it is that we have talked too much and worked too little—there is no question that we are in the right road. To bring Columbus nearer to Manchester is still the great object; and when! say Columbus, 1 mean Madison, DeKalb, the Valiev of the Tennessee, and all that immense country that is bursting with productions and straining for a market. The first thing to be done, (and it is an object of equal importance to every man between Charleston and the Tennessee Val iev,) is to build the Georgia Railroad from Madison to DeKalb and form a junction with the Western and Atlantic Railroad. The next to have a line of steamboats direct from Charleston to Great Britain. MERCATOR. Muskets and Pistols in tiie Naval Ser vice.—U appears, by a report from the Navy Department, that there are now belonging to the Navy 5,253 muskets, 7,026 pistols. Os these there are in store 2.993 muskets, and 5,356 pistols, and on board ships and vessels, 2,260 muskets, and 2.2 A pistols. Colt’s carbine- and pistols are considered weapons es the most approved construction for future service. These cost, •843 94 for the former, and §23 93 lor the latter.—Lav. Republican. “THE UNION OT THE STATES, AXD THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATES.” Eloquent extract from the Speech of Mr. Marshall, of Kentucky, on e Distribution Bill. But, sir, itjf, provision tor resuming th"s lund in I, ! me of war is a bribe to peace. Sure ly.s,nt\jne desires to convert this in'n a military republic, to infuse into the States or the people a thirst ibr wars of ambition an 1 of conquest. The meaning of the objection must be, that the pecuniary consideration in the bill—the distributive shire of the Statts being limited to the time of peace—wiii emasculate the Spirit of the Stales, will tempt them to bear with wrongs and indignities, to shrink from just and necessary wars, wars of defence—will, in a word, make staves and cowards of us all. In this sense, this odious sense, is the Dili nsidereci as a bribe to peace. Mr. Chairma* nve shown, I think, that the necessary efl 4 avowed object of this bill is to increase the strength, enlarge the resour ces, establish the credit, and relieve the finan ces of the States, at the same time that it multiplies the means and instruments of mil itary operations, and extends the sources of national revenue. It is anew philosophy which teaches that in proportion as you en large the objects for which men are most apt to fight, and improve the force with which they are to be defended, you destroy the courage which makes that ibice efficient.— Peace, sir, is emphatically the policy of this country; peace is the true policy of the world—a policy into which religion and the most enlarged philosophy may yet indoctri nate mankind. “ Oh! monarch*, did ye taste the peace ye mar, “ The hoarse dull drum might sleep, and man be hap py yet.” In one sense industry and commerce are bribes to peace. The peculiar industry of the South is emphatically a bribe to peace.— War, which would interrupt, if not destroy, our foreign commerce, and cut off the plan ting interest from their best customers, their most profitable markets —war would fall with aggravated hardships upon the agriculture of the South. Shall we inhibit the growth of cotton? Shall we break up all industry which has foreign consumption lor its object ? Shall vve sunder the chain which binds the civilized nations of the world into one great commercial republic ? Shall we undoall that art, science, reason, and religion, have achieved to change the direction of human genius, to soften and beautify the face of mod ern society? Shall vve teach nations again to look to war, spoils, and conquest, for the means of subsistence, and the only true foun dations of glory and of empire ? The gentleman from Virginia, in the pros ecution of this objection, warns New \ork and Maine against the consequences of the bill. He exhorts New York, in an especial manner, to stand by her rights ; to maintain inviolate her territory by her own authority.— Try McLeod by your own laws and courts and if you find him guiityhang him, said the gentleman, [Mr. Wise,] bang him upon tbe border, hang him high and within lull view of the Canadian fortresses, that his dangling corse may liout the British cannon. Sir, 1 un derstood the gentleman [Mr. Wise] the other day to approve the ground taken by tiie A tnerican Secretary [Mr. Webster] in that most dignified correspondence which lie iieid with the British niiniste> iti 1 elation to the case ot McLeod. I understood that ground to be, that the course of the British Government on this subject haih rendered it a national question. The such belongs exclusively to the national Government. If wrong has been done, New York has surer remedy in the united frce and.constitutional guaran tee of twenty-six States than site could find in her own arm, potent as iiis. The soil of New York is the soil of the United States; the citizens of New York are citizens of the United States ; the right of the power, con stitutional and physical, has been surrendered to this Government to settle ail questions touching the safety of either, iu their collision with other countries, whether by negotiation or the sterner arbitraments of the sword.— Surely the Slate ot New York feels no diffi dence in that Government of which she forms so important a part. Surely she means not to answer the gentleman’s appeal, ami, throwing off the national authority, to draw questions ol peace St war from the American Government iu her own State courts. She means not to treat or war with England or any other country upon her own separate account. The duty to carry on war is surely in reason, as it is un doubtedly, iu our fundamental law, intimate ly and inseparably connected with the power to declare it, and to decide all questions with foreign countries which may involve such a result. That the rights and the honor of New York are secure from violation or insult in me hands where the constitution has placed tiiem, 1 should deem it akm to treason to doubt. Her rights, her honor, her territory, tire the rights, the honor, the territory ol the United States. She is part of my country. — She is covered by the imperial flag, overshad owed every inch of her by the wings of the imperial eagle protected by his beak and ta lons. For “these sentiments 1 may be per mitted to answer here for at least one Slate in the Union. Kentucky is placed securely in the centre. So long as this Government lasts her soil is virgin and sate from the impress ol a hostile foot. Her fields, thanks to the wis dom of our ancestors, the goodness of God, and the guardian power of this imperial Re public —her fields can never be wasted by ravage, her hearths can never tasie of milita ry violation. She knows fuli well the source of her security, the shield of her liberties. The exterior States, are the bulwarks o( her safety—the impregnable fortresses which break the storm of war, and keep lar distant from her borders its ravage and its horrors. She views them as such, and regards their j rights, their safety and their liberty as her j own. She is one of a system'of nerves which vibrate at the least touch from tbe remotest extremity to the centre. The frontier ol New \ ork is her frontier r the Atlantic sea board is her seaboard and the millions ex pended in fortifying the one or the other, she regards as expended for her delence. — A blow aimed at New York is a How aimed at herself: an indignity or an outrage inflic ted upon any State in this Union, is indic ted upon the whole and iq on each. To sub mit to such were to sacrifice her independence and her freedom —to make all other biessings valueless, all other property insecure. Not ail the unsettled domain of the U ll.Oll, in lull property and jurisdiction, could bribe her to such a sacrifice. 1 tie biood she has shed on the snows of Canada and in the swamps ol Louisiana, give ample testimony to her read iness to meet danger at a distance. She seeks no separate destiny , she feels no inter est alien (rom the common Sue wants this money to strengthen hersell, and, strengthening, to make the whole country stronger and better able to maintain any fu ture conflict in which its interests or its salety may invoke it. Westward Ho!—The St. Lotus Bulletin of June 28 sn\>, that throe In nos had just arriv ed there, bringing nine hundred and sixty-four passengers, among them, on one boat, were one hundred and twenty-nine children under four years of age. These are ipialiy times indeed. From the New York Herald. THE DUEL BETWEEN WRIGHT AND OAKEY. WrAfht and Oakey came from nothing, arc thoy ea; h gained the object of their heart’s content —wealth and standing in society— \rri-bt w JSatannah and Oakey in New Or leans. There is a machine called the wheel of fortune, invented by some dreaming ancient who had nothing else to do, I suppose. Wright suddenly found himself on the descending side, and with a view to get back again came to New Orleans, where he managed very well for some time, acting as the agent of Wilde, Pickersgill &, Cos , a large European mercantile concern. His old habits, however, did not leave him, and Jus friends began to desert him. Revenge seized liis soul, and forthwith he set out with a view to expose the mode ot doing business by bis principals, by the merchants generally, of whom he was a large one, once upon a time. lie wrote articles for the New Orleans Times and killed it and its good natured silly editor and proprietor, a Mr. Branch. lie then took the New Orleans Democrat, and soon put an end to that concern. The next victim of his spear was the New Orleans Intelligen cer. About this time the Vicksburg Sentinel took up the subject of the list system, and Dr. Ha gan, with his usual daring, made no hesitation in using names, and bringing home his charges, wholesale and retail. It was thought that Wright, soured by the fall he had from the wheel of fortune, and aggravated against the merchants” because lie saw every day less merit than his owti rolling in wealth, contri buted facts or statements of what were called facts, to Hagan. Everybody admitted that the list system could be abused as well as any other system, but nobody could be found to say that he had cheated the planter under it, or that he knew his neighbor did. In the course of time Oakey became an im mensely rich man, but the reverses of 1537 shocked him considerably. With that activity for which he is so well known here, he bore up against the shock upon the general credit of the nation, arid he is again afloat with fair breezes to waft, him alc r ng. It was in the em barrassments occasioned by the difficulties, that he, Caldwell and Pritchard united to pur chase a dormant lottery right, and to propose the sale of their immense inactive property under that privilege. The scheme you well remember. The sales of tickets were carried on with activity until the drawing approached, when they found that they liad not sold: more than enough to pay expenses. What was to be done 1 Draw the lottery like houest men, and run the chance of being ruined by the loss of their groat prizes. In: the presence of well known citizens the drawing was carried through, and the lots of the concern in prizes were nearly $100,090 ; but nearly every cent has been paid, and if there be any prizes out unpaid they are ready to redeem litem at any moment. In the midst of the continued and galling fire ftoin the columns of the Vicksburg Sen tinel upon the character of New Orleans and its merchants, Mr. Oakey saw, with concern, the confusion it was producing among the subscribers in the Merchants’ Exchange read ing room, of which he was president. The proof that Wright furnished the particulars to Dr. Ilagru began to multiply, and it was with no little chagtin that I saw, as an individual, the people attacked venting their spleen on Mr. Wright (not to his face) instead of calling 1 Dr. J lagan to account. Conversation, nick , names anu incidents appeared in the Sentinel, I and the parties concerned were satisfied they could r;*4 have been reported by auv one but L Wright. But to return. One evening while the war was at its height, and shortly after the arrival of a Sentinel ridiculing Mr. Howell L. Wil liams, anew merchant of your city,- Williams and Wrigl t had an altercation in the reading room, an account of vv.Sch was published at the time. After this occurrence, Oakey being annoyed, ah the President of tiie Exchange, took Wright aside and expostulated in a friendly way with bjin upon his course of con duct, in assailing tiie merchants as a body, and in bringing charges against them before the public as a tribunal, where both sides could not be heard. Oakey proceeded, upon what he deemed his knowledge of the fact, that Wright did furnish Hagan with this in formation, and Wright did not deny it. liis defence was, that he knew what he said to be true, and if any man felt aggrieved, he was ready to give him such satisfaction as might be demanded. After a friendly reasoning to gether, the two friends parted. Some days after this conversation there ap peared in the Sentinel a violent article against Mr. Oakey, denouncing him as a thief, a swindler in lotteries, &c. Mr. Oakey forth with sent a friend to Wright, reminding him of his declaration sometime previous, and of course demanded satisfaction for the insult, and previous banter to fight. Mr. 5V right at once, and without parley, admitted the charge, and promised to meet Air. Oakey in due time. Matters being arranged very quietly, cacli party avoided the least appearance of misun derstanding, lest the law might take hold of them; and so adroitly was the thing done that, though people expected trouble, from Oakey’s well known pvomtitude in resenting an injury, they came to the conclusion that Oakey had determined to let the matter pass, as unwor thy of his attention. Several days elapsed, and Mr. Oakey was not informed of the weapons chosen by Mr. Wright. It has since been ascertained that Mr. Wright was in the continual practice of the rifle. It was his favorite weapon, When living in Savannah he belonged to a club which used to shoot for their dinners once a week or once a month, and the worst shot nev er varied an hick from the centre or bull’s eye of the target. The time came, however, and Oakey was told that he must fight with rifles, at forty paces distance. This was one day before the meeting, but Oakey consented at once. They went over Lake Pontchartrain on t he evening of the first of .1 une, and on the morn ing of the second, before the sun rose, the ground was measured off. At ihe first go off, Oakey drew Wright’s fire by his superior quickness. While the guns were loading for tbe second round Wright walked about, but • lakov stood as still and as firm as a post. On the signal being given for the second fire, Wright fired before tbe word one, and Oakey before the word two. Oakev’s ball struck Wright in tiie region of the heart, going through the body and one arm. lie died in a few seconds. When the news arrived in town the feeling was quite the reverse of that represented by some papers 1 have seen. Eveiy body was satisfied. Even tho-e who had been most se vereiv handled by Mr. Wright up in their bosoms all animosity, and said that he had fallen honorably in a duel, and even his friends had no complaint to make. ‘There were a few, it is true, who wished to make capital out of the affair, but public opinion was so much against them that they did not dare express their notions in conversation, much less through the prints. The affair between Oakey and W right, was a personal one. Wiight called him a thief, and Oakey met him on the square l.ke a man. [NUMBER 27. Wright accepted the challenge and tell. — What more J The personal quarrel is ended, and Air. Wright has lorl'eited Ins liio in making such u charge against ho follow lie - ery body here, friend and enemy to Mr. Oakev, hoots at the idea that lie is capable of ing any one. And is not the opinion of a community among whom a man lives for a score of years, to be regarded as worth some thing'? Besides, Mr. Oakey perilled his life in defence of his fame, and that proves how dearly he estimated his reputation. Vekitas. Recipe for the cure of Sweeny in Horses, which is also excellent for wounds, bruises and sprains in Horses. —To 1 pint of unboiled flaxseed oil, add half a pint of spirits turpen. tine, 12 1-2 cents worth of oil of amber, 1 | 1-2 cents worth of oil of spike 12 1-2 do. oi of stone, 12 1-2 do. camphor—mix them al| together—anoint the diseased part of vour horse with the liniment made as above stated nine days, observing to anoint three days in succession, and then miss three days. Imme diately alter anointing, heat the liniment in well with a hot iron. The several three days that you omit anointing vour horse with the liniment, his diseased part should be well anointed with fresh butter; though this may be dispensed with. Previous to anointing your horse with the liniment the second and third times of three days, the whole mass of accumulated grease should be washed oil with warm soap suds, and then dried before applying the liniment, is intended particularly for the sweeny. For bruises, sprains and wounds, it may be applied in the same man ner that you would use other liniments in like cases. The above mentioned liniment lias effectually cured every case of the swee ny in which 1 have known it applied. PicJding—general directions. —Brass should be used for vessels iu the process, thoroughly cleansed before using, and no vinegar al lowed to cool in them. This precaution is necessary to prevent the formation of verdi gris, an active poison. Boil alum and salt in the vinegar, in proportion of half a tea cup of salt and a table spoonful of alum to the three gallons cf vinegar. Vessels that have any gresae about them will not do for pickles. Stone and wood arc- the only pro per materials in which to keep pickles when made. All pickles should be stirred ftp occa sionally. When any scum rises, the vinegar needs scalding. Pickles may be spiced or not at pleasure; and when the vinegar be comes weak from use ; it may be thrown away and fresh vinegar substituted. Good, but not the sharpest vinegar best for pickles. Cabbages. —Quarter the firm head of the cabbage ; put the parts in a keg, sprinkle on them a good quantity of salt, and let them remain five or six days. To a gallon of vin egar put an ounce of mace, and one of pep per corns and cinnamon. Cloves and alspice may be added, hut they darken the color of the cabbage. Heat the vinegar scalding hot, add a little alum, and turn it while hot on the cabbage, the salt remaining. It is necessary to turn the vinegar from ihe cab ha gejsevera I times, return it again while hot. This makes them tender. Purple cabbage, the heads not targe, but fine and firm, are best lor pickles. OFFICIAL. APPOINTMENTS BY THE PRESIDENT, By and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Burgess S. Caither, Superintendents of the Branch Mint at Charlotte, N. C. U. S. ATTOHNIES. Cornelius Darrah, Western District of Pennsylvania. Return J. Meigs, Middle District of Tennessee. Charles Chapman, District of Connecticut. John Holmes, District of Maine. Charles Davis, District of Vermont. Balie Peyton, Eastern District of La. Joshua A. Spencer, Northern District of New York. Justin Butterfield, District of Illinois, Franklin Dexter, District of Mass. Thomas W. Sutherland, District of Wis consin. U S. MARSHALS. Israel W. Kelley, District of New Hamp shire. Sylvester Hartshorn, District of Rhode Island. Thomas B. Johnson, District of lowa. John D. Kinsman, District of Maine. Wm. 11. Russell, District of M issouri. Silas M. Stilweil, Southern District of New York. Anderson Miller, Southern District of Mis sissippi. Thomas W. Newton, District of Arkansas. John B. Eldredgp, District of Connecticut. John G. Camp, Middle District of Florida. POSTMAsiebb. Geo. Cox, Huntsville, Alabama. Thomas S. Redd, Lexington, Kentucky. Geo. W. E. Bedell, Columbus, Georgia. U. S. Census — Population Statistics. - , In 1790, the total population of the thirteen old States was 0,629,003. It is now in 1840 including the District of Columbia, 9,836,743. The 13 new States and 3 Territories.now contain a population of 7 226,364 , in 1790, the same States ant* Territories did not contain o”er 400,000,’ exclusive of Indians. It therefore appears that the 13 old States have increased in population in 50 years 6,- 197,733, and the new States and Territories have increased about 0,823,304. The total population of the valley of the Mississippi in 1840, was 6,377,083. —Savannah Republican. Saratoga. —From the first to the tenth of July, there were more than fifteen hundred arrivals at Saratoga Springs. Savannah Georgian. ft is reported at Washington, that Waddy Thompson, late a member of Congress from | South Carolina, is to be appointed Minister to Mexico.—Sav. Georgian. European Creditors.- —The resolution ; of Congress, railing for information from the President respecting any application winch may have been made to the Government at Washington for the payment of Slate debts, lias been answered by the Executive. Com munications have been addressed to the T rea sury and State Department by Messrs, Roths child of London, Hope & Cos. of Amsterdam, Gowan and Mark, and others, respecting the bonds of Indiana, Mississippi ana Florida.— Sav. Georgian. A good j >ke happened in the House of Representatives,a few days since. Several wings were lamenting the differences which I prevailed in their party, and the couse- j quenoes which must result from sueh diseor-! dant action. Mr. Proifil, a whig member: from Indiana, and quite a wag withal con curred with Ins friends in the gloomy pros-1 peels of the party, and remarked, that he “did not s;e hot we vhould have to go back • to first prine ples.” Being asked what iliev’ were, be replied, after a short hesitation-- j “ Tippceamteand Tyler too,” and burst into’ laughter, in which he was joined by ail pie- i sent. —Charleston Mercury. From the Cilobe. We cannot find tiiat the report of the Globe attributed any such remarks to Mr. Meriwether, as he quotes in his letter. Ne vertheless, we think it proper to publish his letter, that l.is position may he correctly un derstood. House of Representatives, ) July 2d, 1841. f To the Editor of the Globe : 1 perceive by the report of the debate on the “Home Squadron'’ bill, you say that “Mr. Meriwether of Georgia went against the bill. ’ In this, the Reporter has assigned to me a wrong position. In the remarks which \ made, I confined myself exclusively to me statement v biili hrrn made, that the appropriation under consideration, was provided lor in the estimates of the Secretary of the Treasury, upon which had been based the loan ol $12,000,000. 1 expressed no opinion whatever against the bill under dis cussion ; I was the advocate oi’ the measure, and voted for it. Respectfully, vour obedient servant, ■j.’ A. MERIWETHER. House of Representatives, > July 24, 1841. ‘ < Gentlemen: The Reporters for the Globe in their sketch of Mr. Rhetl’s rentalks on yesterday, say “ Mr. Rheti asked Mr. Nesbit if a tariff for protection was constitutional. ■Mr. Nesbit said it was. Mr. Rhett denied that it was constitutional.” In this report of my answer io Mr. Rlietl’s interrogatory, they have, I am sure, uninten tionally, misrepresented me, on a matter of serious moment. My answer was, that the courts of the country, would be compelled to declare the tariff law constitutional, because they were revenue laws; Congress having the unquestionable power to impose duties lor revenue. But that the imposition of a tariff for protection, was a perversion of the revenue power, and therefore not contempla ted in the Constitution, and in my opinion wholly unjustifiable. Allow me to ask the publication of tin’s note, to correct the error of the Reporters. Respectfully, your obedient servant, E. A. NESBIT. Messrs. Blair & Rives, Washington. From the Savannah Republican, July 31. FROM FLORIDA. By the IT. S. steamer Gen. Taylor, Captain Peck arrived yesterday from Florida, we re ceived the following letters from our attentive correspondents in Florida. It will he observ ed that the writers differ in their opinions in relation to the close of tlie war. We regret to learn from Capt. Peck, that L)r. Noyes, of the U. S. Army, died at St. Angustine, on the 26lhth inst. from a fever contracted while on duty at New Smyrna. Correspondence of the Savannah Republican. East Florida, July 2G, 18-11. Gentlemen :—I have the pleasure of in forming you that things go bravely on at Tam pa Bay. On the 13th inst. seventeen Indians came in to that post from Sain June’s camp. On the 21st two of the party were allowed to return and communicate with Sam, who they say is in the Big Cypress’ near the Okeecho bee Lake with 150 warriors, These Indians state that many of Saurs party are anxious to come in : and will do so., provided they can get a chance. Col. Worth has sent a big talk to them,, and with many strong inducements to prevail on them to come in. -of Coacoochee’s (Wild Cats) party came into Tampa on the 19th inst. They stale that all his people are now on the way to that post. The prospects of ending this apparently interminable war, are much brighter than they have ever been since its commencement. This favorable state of affairs may be justly ascribed to the abilities and sound judgment of that meiitorious and distinguished officer now in command of the Army of Florida, and to the troops under his command, who have ac, lively been employed in the field during the? last two months. Yours, &c. Correspondensa of the Savannah Republican. Florida, Ju y 28,1841. ‘ Gentlemen: —The grand scouta iiavo re turned and the Indians are at large, and hos tile as ever. Some of their corn fields have been destroyed, and it may now be expected, as it occurred last rummer that the enemy will revenge himself upon the troops, by way laying solitary wagons, and unoffending trav ellers. From the circumstance of Coacoo cliee having been taken gome few citizens are about moving to their plantations in the vicinity of St. Augustine , The result of this measure, 1 fear, may prove unfortunate. Co acoocliee’s people irave promised to come in— but, ah ! Indian premises are as the song goes, “hollow, hollow, hollow !"’ I “fear me much, that the war is not ended—and I predict that force will never do it. A great portion of tho troops are sick. White men cannot inarch with the thermometer at 102 a , where it now ranges, through bog and mire, bivouac at night the deleterious vapours of the swamp, and es cape impunity. Man in Florida as elsewhere, is of human nature, and although the contra ry seems to he supposed, is still subject to the “ills which flesh is heir to.” However as tounding the promulgation r.f the fact, it is nevertheless true, that a soldier of the United States in Florida, can no more contend with fu-’r-v fllQri can a sick Alderman at the North. Let him who ignorantly units c A>out mops being in summer quartern.” mme down to Florida at this season and try the field, and it ho does not soon call “give me some drink Ti tius, like a sick girl,” it is because his “dura ■mala'’ is impervious to the rays of a Florida sun, Yours, B. From the Savannah Georgian Juvl 31. By tjie U. States steamer General Taylor, Capt Peck, arrived yesterday afternoon from Pilatka, the editor of the Georgian lias re ceded the following from his attentive cor respondents : Florida, July 24. 1 am happy to have it in my power to an nounce to you that a delegation of fifteen r and women have reached Tampa l’nii j| Jones. This is looked upon as a r . oo( j oj lie n to be followed by the entire ew'bender Q f } U3 whole clan, which will reliev p'Jorida, of a disagreeable and obstinate rascal whose influence has been mark .J an( ] severely felt in the procrastination Q f hostilities. Alleck Tustenuggee has, as you are aware, Hen se verely bunded and aring the past spring and sum mer, ’and I have no doubt that he will surren der ;ifso t V;e war is over. My health having ■ )f?en i n measure restored, I will keep you advised, of the efforts made by our troops, j Florida, July 28, i'll. Dear Sir—There is nothing particularly ] newer interesting,- from the interior or west : side of Florida. About the 18th July, 2d Lt. j Henry Ward well, Bth Infantry, died at. Key Biscayne, of fever, caught at Tampa Bay.— lie was on sick leave, and on his way North. ;1 )n the 23th it;sr. Ass’t. Surgeon C. Noyes died with fever at St. Augustine, contracted at Smyrna. In haste, truly yours. A glorious Trio cf Veteran Demo crats There are living in Dutchess coun ty, and within a few miles of each other, three of the reJicits of the revolutionary times whose united ages are about 200 years. — Governor Morgan Lewis, no less distinguish ed by hts civil acquirements than by his ser vices during our two wars, 87 years of age; General John Armstrong, the celebrated au thor of the Newburgh Jitters,” and the his torian of the war of I'l2. nearly of the same age ; and John R. Livingston, only one or two years younger. It is singular that tim two first both married sisters of the last. I hes venerable pa trims are aji Democrat?