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PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING, BV JAMES VAN NESS, in the “Granite Building,” on the corner of Oglethorpe and Randolph Streets. TERMS: Subscription—three dollars per annum, payable in advance, three doila. sand a half at the end of six months, or four dollars, (in all cases) where pay ment is not male before tne expiration of the year. No subscription received for less than twelve months without payment in advance, and no paper discon- I tinued, except at the option of the Editor, until all j arrearages are paid. ADVERTisrMENTsconspicumisly inserted at <w.e Hnl- \ iar per one noudred words, or less, for the first In ■ aertion and fifty cents for every subsequent contin uance. Those sent without a specification nfthe number ofinsertions. will be published until ordered out and charged accordingly. Yearly Advertisements. —For over 24 anr not exoee ling 3 > lines, fifty dollars per annum ; fo over 12 and n it exceeding 24 lines, thirty-five dol lars per annum ; lor less than 12 lines, twenty dol lars per annum. 2. All rule an I figure work double the above prices. Legal Advertisements published at the usua rates, anJ with strict attention to the i the law. All3w.es regulate! by law, must be made 1 ‘ore the court house door, between the hours of 10 in the morning and four in the evening—those of Grid m the county where it is situate ; those of persona, property, where the letters testamentary, of admin istrarion or of guardianqip were oV ained —ami are requited to be previously advertised in some public gazette, as follows: S.ieriefs’ Sale's unler regular executions for thir ty days ; under mortgage fi fas sixty days, before the day of sale. Sales of laud and negroes, by Executor', Adminis trators or Guardians, for sixty days before the day of sale. Sales of personal property (except Negroes) forty days. Ct r a rio.vr liv Clerks of the Courts of Ordinary, upon applic itton for letters ola Iminist ration, must be pub lished foi thirty days. Citations upon apolic&tioa for dismission, by Exec utors, A i utiiistrators or Guardians, monthly for s'.x in inths. Orders of Jourts of Ordinary, (accompanied with a copy of th bind or agreement) to make titles to laud, must be published three months. Notices liv Executors, Administrators or Guardians, of a iplica'ion to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell th 3 1 in I or negroes of an estate, f >ur months. Notices bv Executors or Administrators, to the debtors an I creditors of an estate, fur six weeks. Sheriffs’, Clerks of Court &c. will be allowed the ‘• usual deduction. ILr” Bettors on business, must be post paid, to 1 entitle them to attention. T \V O P L A N T A T IONS FOR SALE. f IK subscribe.* offers for sale on very liberal te-ms, two excellent settlements of land, Ivins iu the county of Stewart, both of which contain first t ate i(ii|irovenicnts. One |ila:ita'ion con - ains nine hundred and forty acres of land, 500 of it o >eii land, of a sojieri-ir quality, en closed with good fences, and in an excellent state of cultivation. On tli- premises, ate a go’id log dwelling house, negro cabins, a blai ksrniih shop, a good gin with screw and running g’ a>, and a large peach and apple orchard. This place is on the road leading from Florence to Marion county, and is 10 miles from Florence, 8 from Lumpkin, and 6 from a landin’ on the Chattahoochee Ilivcr. The other place contains 700 acres of land 300 of which are cleared, and in excellent order for planting. Tile uncleared portion is well timbered with oak and hekorv. On this plan'iifiiti are a good dwelling house, no ;ro cabins, and gin complete. It is on the road leading from Florence to Muri n n county, 12 mil s from Florence mid 7 from Lumpkin. A more ini.rite descript'on of these plantations is deemed un iices<arv, as anv one desirous of purchasing, will of cn irso, examine them. They are. however, desirable places, and will bo sold on very liberal terms. Both pi mi a'ions are occupied, and will be shown at any tune, to anv one who wishes to examine either, or lull) of them. LEWIS DUPREE. June 17 19 f \V A 11 M S I’RINGS, Vlenwether County, (jia. T IE subscriber leaving purchased this well known establishment, x.ili open his house c.ariy In tune, for the recep.inn of visitors. lie decl lie giv iug iniov details of fair promises, of what he intends to il i for those wini may call upon him. but simply adds— call! and if you are no pleased, it shad l>e r.o lauit o his. I’o those who are mi pursuit of PLEASURE, call i ills 11 I Room will lie ligo'od op every evening, and go > I music.ans will at all times lie in attendance. I’othi.e who are in pursui’ of HEALTH, call likewise ; goo i room? and cabins s'all he in ab.ill <l nice, :iii I he mva'iil ran be as retired as necessary. 1 and -em it entirely uauee.e>sary to -av ally thing ir. re l ttiu:i to the Hath suilice it to say. here is none equal n uni the United States I shall not.emit icrate my | charges here, but ‘ ill be as reasonable as possible, at I the same time they will se sufficient I v high to ensure a,ri ■ I table tint! good attentioo. In short every at tention that is necessary, and ‘Very comfort that can b- rou lereJ to bis visitors shall be his roust id en deavor.’ ; gKYM/m.K R. fiONNER. I*. S. [ ir.tnvl m lji? off a lew lots and dispose of the n to siie.li as will im.uove them in twelve iiionilis. ‘i'ii those who,mav wu-h to purchase, call on me or my agent, Mr. Joiiat an Niles ; one or the other will at all ti nes be at the Springs to p nut oft the lots and SR B prices. , “• 1 April £2 >’ *A I'lie M icon M-ssenger, Southern Record-r Stan dard of Union, and Alabama Journal, will pul* ish this weekly mini the Ist of \ugust, and forward their ac counts t-i me at Columbus. Georgia. S. R. B. NOTICE. TI <: PHn'ers’ Bank of the State of Georgia, liar. iriij mi iieJia fly afler the robbery of its vault, adopted means n take up from .’1 honest holders the notes signed by J. Marshall, Cashier, and George W | Adler son. President, hereby gives notice that almost j the entire am unit o ill U issue, now unredeemed, con sists of the notes stolen from the Bank. The public is | warned against receiving attv note signed hv J. Mar- j shall, G .shier, and Geo. W. Anderson. President, as payment will he refused, unless the most satisfactory ] explanation of the niannei if its being received, as well as the person from whom rece veil. Anew issue has been ma If. signed by H. W. Mcr cer. Cashier, and George W. Anderson, President, which will be redeemed as heretofore. H. \V. MERCER, Cashier. Savannah, Ju y 8 -- _ THE CELEBRATED HORSE, ROBIN HOOD, WII.I, stand the ensuing season, one half of his j time a’ mv stable, nineteen miles above Colum bus, in Russell county, Ala., ami the other part of his tune at L.afavelte, Chainh • s county. Ala., and ill be let to m ires at the reduted price ol Filly Dollars, due ‘'o h of December next. lMarcs sent over thirty , ~ al |es will he fed tvo mouths grans. Persons laibn to uet a colt in the Spring, will tie allowed the 1 at season gratis, if the mares are. sent to mv stable. A.i care will be taken to prevent accidents and escapes but no liabilities for either. A- to Robin’s performances on the turf, a reference , to'he Stud Book or the Spirit of the Times, will give entire satislaction. It is also due him tosav. that his colt,s > far as trials have been made, have been sur passed bv ti me in the United Stales. v ‘IM.a >eaLNon wII commence first o Maeh, an end the first of July. J^NO.*CRO YELL. Jan. 27,1341. 4ts c 6 TTO N B AGGI NG . Direct Importations. virtlLK subscribers have just completed their sea ’ j Sl> „’ s import of Cotton Sagging, consisting of D m Ice 41 inch, weighing -4 lbs. periard. •* 41 - - “ 8 “ „ “ 41 “ “ la “ 44 “ “ IJ “ n 45 “ “ I* “ *’ “ 42 “ h “ Inverness 4 5 “ “ ** Double E. I. Gunny 44 “ “ 2 “ “ 43 I ■* . S, "=' e A i sr , t Scotch Twine, superior 3 strand. Bale’Ro.e. India and English. Which are oif -red to the planters and merchants of Geargia. at such prices an 1 on such eredus. for ettv acceptance. as will render a home purchase more ad vanu-eotis than one in a uor.h-rn market. nd enable supplies to be sent immediately mto the interior, du ring the existence of go. I >iver navigation, aim at the prevailmg very low Savannah, May 13 ’ liberal advances Wf ADF. on goods consigned to SMl'I 11. BEAT TIE & Cos. Auction and Commission Mer chairs, Columbus, Georgia. Novcmoer 13 The Commercial Advertiser, Apalachicola. Hor da, will insert the preceding, three months, am. ansinit the account as above. BROUGHT to jail 0\ the 17th inst. a negro man who ca ls himse.f Anlrew. and says he belongs to Nathaniel De auney of Russell coun'y. Alabama. The owner is destred to come forward, comply with the law, pay ex penses and takehim^a wav. BRmV N, Jailor. May 21 15 >f _ removal TTfcR. JNO. J. B. HOXEV, has removed h.s of- D fa. “'T.eo, wTi.d.fS!i ;Slvl”..eC].Tb B.nta’ Cr.gSl.. i7tf Jan. r:. THE COLUMBUS TIMES. VOLUME I.] INSURANCE AGENCY. i A N agency of the United States insurance Coni -A*. pany of the City of New York, with a Capital | of One Million Dollars having been proposed to be es tablished ill tins City—-for Fire, In,and or Maiine In surance, upon liberal conditions, the undersigned to j whom the propo a! has ben made invites the nier ! chants, citizens and traders in the vicinity to an ex aimn ition of the plans of business and to the conditions | upon which its estabii hnient will depend, llieii rates > of premium will be as low as those charged bv other I goo ! Companies, ami all fair and just claims for losses ! will be promptly adjused and paid in thirty days after proof, without litigation, by drafts on the Company in | New Yoik. | The Directors and Offi -ers will he composed of the 1 most wealthy, respectable and intelligent men in the ; City arid Stale of New York, and their, business in i every department will be conducted with prudence and caution. Believing that such an Agency mav prove highly ! advant.t i ■to our Merchants and Citizens, and ! save much trouble in sending to our large citieslor In ?urance when it may be equally well done thsough J such an Agencv, the subsc iber will be happy to pro mote their interest as well as that rtf the Company, tn ’ its permanent establishment, shou'd our citizens re ; commend it, and the conditions meet widi their ap proval. A few Shares of the Stock may he obtained bv those who are dtsitous of securing an interest and have the means to make a small invest > ent, which it is believed will prove both safe, and profitable. No pa* m ms will be. requir and until ten days notice has | been received from the Directors. JuiiN E. DAVIS, Agent. September 16 32 ts PUBLIC SALE subscriber has laid , ff a number of lots im _ii_ mediately adjoining the beautiful and healthy town of I'uskegee, Macon county, Ala. and will offet them for sale, on the first Tuesday in October next. — These lots will be highly desirable for gentlemen own ing plantations in the ri-h time lands of Macon coun ty. for their residdnees, where they can combine goud society with lie education of their children. The j town is now, notw.thstaiiding the difficulties of our I monied affairs, coninuaily improving and increasing |in population,'and good schools will always be found among sush people. The terms will he one-fourth cash ; one half of the balance payable at Christmas, and the other half the Christmas afte - . The titles to tlie lots will be re tained till all the purchase money is paid, or persons can get titles at once, bv giving good security, or pay ing sip the whole purchase money ; 10 per cent per annum deducted for pioufpt payment. The plan of the lots mav he seen by applying to Mr. George S one, at Tuskegec. BEABOIIN J >NES. September 16 32 td SHOES AND MATS. OF various quality anti sizes, for sale hv JOHN D. r*DWELL, Cot nor of Crawford and Broad sis. | September IS 32 if casmngsT PITS, Ovens, Spiders oktllets, Fire-Irons, and other articles m this line, for sale hv JOHN D. HOWELL, Corner of Broad and Crawford sts. September 16 32 if WHISKEY, RUM, GIN, &r. ALWAYS oh hand, and for .sale by JO N D. HOWELL, Corner of Crawford and B.oud-sts. September 10 32 if COT JON AND WOOL CARDS. FOK sale by JOHN D. HOWELL, Corner of Crawford and Broad sts. September 16 32 tt RAW HIDES WANTED. ANY quantity will be onrehased at fair ptices, by JOHN D. HOWELL, Corner of Crawford and Broad-st. September 16 32 ts GLASS AND PUTTY. fT'ICIST qua ny Window Glass and Putty, for sale 1 by JOHN L). HOWELL, Corner of Crawford and Broad sts. September 16 32 if SALT, IRON, etc. A constant supply ol sail and assorted Iron, always on ban J. JOHN D. HOWr.LL, Corner of Crawford arid Broad-sts. September 16 32 ts WOODEN WARES. A LARGE uhd well assorted lot of Tubs, Buck ets, Sugar Boxes, Sic. For sale bv JOHN D HOWELL, Corner of Broad and Ctavvfr id-sts. September 16 32 ts THE COLUMBUS REFORM ASSOCI ATION. PTFTMIE monthly meeting w ill he held in the Baptist -0L Church on the evening of Friday, the 24th inst. Several addresses jtav be expected. L. T. DOWNING. September 13 32 2t L >ND FOR SALE. fSAHE subscriber offers for sale, the following J*. tracts of land on terms to suit purchasers, to wn : the settlement where he now lives, in Russell county, Alabama, 19 miles above Columbus, on the road to LaFavette, containing Twelve Hundred Acres, four hundred cleared and in a high slate of cultivation, with a good dwe long house, store house, gin house and screw, negro houses, cribs, stables and lots, &c. Also 200 acres land, one hundred cleared and in good farming order, 14 miles above Columbus, on the same road ; also in the same neighborhood, one halt section of land, with fair improvements, 120 acres cleared and inferior to none in the country, as regards quaiitv ; also one section of land in the lower part of Chambers county, on the B g Halawakee Creek. 200 acres bottom land, SO or 40 acres cleared, and inferior tonone in tiie .''late. Purchasers would do well to eall and see. Terms will be one, two and three in stalments. ZACHAR!AII WIUTE. Wa-oochee Valley, June 24 20 2t SEVENTY-FIVE DOLLARS REWARD f subscriber, residing in Columbus, Georgia a lost about a month since, a valuable negro man for the appri hension of whom in any secure jail so that he can get him, he will give twenty-fife doibus . and if the said negro man has been decoyed away by any white person, or been furnished with tree papers. i (neither of winch is improbable) lie w and give, in addi tion. fifty dollars, if sufficient evidence of that fact, be communicated to him to ensure the c- nviciton of the guilty person. But.l negro is about 2S rears of age. of snail stature, and named Khje. He is believed 10 have never shav ed. and his appearance, in consequence, is somewhat singular, the hair being long on lis upp r lip. V\ hen spoken to. he almost invariably puis his finger to the side .f his head, and scratches his hair, and h s speech ■ is accompanied by a slight hesitancy. He has t>' j marks ol a gun shot, just above the knee, in the right I thigh, it is thought; the bone was fraeiutid, and the j wound t sttil visible. The negro, when lie said any ] thing about ruining away, which he occasional-! Iv did. mentioned Tennessee as the direction of his j flight. SAMUEL BOY KIN. Columbus, Ga. June 10 18 H TIIE UNDERSIGNED Maying i. cen appointed Trustees of the assets of the Chattahoochee Rail Raid and Banking | Company of GOl gui. they wiii a’tend at the office of 1 ihe said Insti'umu every day (-S inlay’s excepted,) from 11 to l o’clock, for the transaction nfanv business connected w ith the same. JNO§ B 1 HU .YE, July 22 24 4t IVM. P. YONUE. M ILLS AND L A N D , FOR SALE. THE subscriber offers t.r sale, on very accom modating terms, the settlement of land on which h-“ resides, situ tied in the north-eistern part of Mus cogee county, on the Upatoie Creek, 17 miles from Columbus and 14 from Taibotton. The tract em braces One thousand and twelve acres, seven hundred acres of which are first rate Oak and Hickorv Land, and the remainder good pine land.— Two hund r ed acres are clear and, well fenced, and in a jood state of cultiva ion. On the premises are two oikvJ frame dwelling houses, of small dimensions, and a eood iog house, besides negro cabins and a'l nece sarv out-buildings. There is also on the place an excellent Saw and Grist Mill.ju>l completed and in perfect order. The Mill is four stories high, ami is on the 1 patoie Creek, a stream which rarely fails to atfoid sulficient water to keep the Mill in operation. The engagements of the subscriber a’one induce him to offer the place for sale. It is situated man excellent neighborhood, near to a Church, School house and Post Office. The place will be sold low, and the terms cannot fail o satisfy anv one d-strons ofpurchtsing. HENRY KENDA^LL. Ju v g 4t COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 23, 1841. AN ACT To appropriate the proceeds of the sales cf the Public Lauds, and to grant pre-emption rights. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives id tire United States ol A intnca, in Congress assembled, Tiiat from anu alter the tinny-first ol December, in the year ol our Loru one thousand eight bun dled and forty true, there be allowed and paid lit each o! liieSiaicsof Ohio Indiana, Lilians, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, At Kansas, aitd Michigan, over and above whul eacli ol lire said stales is emitted to by the terms oi lliecoinpacts entered into between them and the Untied S.a es, upon their admission in to the Union, the sum often per centum upon the lieu proceeds of the sales of tire public lands, winch, su ‘sequent to the day alt.resaie, strali he made within the l.mits ol each ol said Stales respectively : Provided 1 tiai the sum so allowed to the said S.ates respectively, sliali he in no wise affected or di unnshed on account of any sums which have betn heretofore, oi shall be hereafter, applied ■ o the construction of continuance ol the Cumberland road, hut that the disbursement l<>r the satd road shall remain, as heiaiolbre, chargeabe on ihe two per centum fund pto viutil lor by compacts with sevetai ol the satd Slates. bee. 2. And be it further enacted, That as h r deducting the ten per centum, and what, by the compacts alousaid, lias hetetolbie been allowed to the biates atoiesatd, the lesi due ol the nett proceeds— winch nett pro ceeds shall he ascertained hy deducting iront the gross proceeds all the expenditures ol the year lor the following objects, salaries and expenses on account of Ihe gcnetal land Ul fice; expenses lor surveying pulil.c lands; salanes and expenses in the surveyor gener al sollice; salaries, commissions and allowan ces to the regtsiets and lectivers; the live per centum to ihe new Stales—of ail the pub lic lands ol the United States, vvl erever situ ated, wine t shall be sold subsequent to ihe said thirty first day of December, shall be di vided among the twenty six States of the U mon anu the District ol Columbia, and the i erritoriesol Wisconsin, lowa, and Florida, according to their respective federal repre sentative population as ascertained by the last census, to be applied by the Legislatures as they may direct: Provided, That the dis tribuUve share to which lire District of Colum bia shall be entitled, shall be applied to liee actions or education in some o tier lbrm, as Congress may direct: And piovided, also, That nothing herein contained shall he construed to the prejudice ol future applications lor a re duction ol the price of the public lauds', or to the prejucice ot applications lor a transfer of the public lands, on it a.sonabie lei ms, to the Slates within which they he or to make such let re deposition of ti e public lands, or any part thereof as Congress may deem expedient. bee. 3. And be it luither enacted, That tiie several sums of money received in the Treasury as the nett p oceeds of the pubhc lands shall be paid at ihe Treasury half year ly, on the fiisi day of January and July in j each year, during die operation ol this act, | to such person or pet sons as the respective Legislatures of the sa.d btales and Territo ries, or Governors thereof in case ihe Leg islatures shall have made no such appoint ment, shall authorize and dnccl to receive the name. bee. 4. And he it further enacted, Tiiat any stmt of money, winch at any tune may become due and payable to any Stale of the i niun, or to the district ol Columbia, by vir me ol tins act, as the portion of the said Slate or District of tlie proceeds of the public lands shall he fust applied to the payment of anv deb', due and payable limn the said f ate or district, to the United States: Pro vided, That this shall not be construed to ex tend to ihe sums deposited with the States under the act ol Con ress of twenty third June, eighteen hundred and thiily six, enti tled “An act to regulate ihe deposites ol the public money, nor to any sums apparently due to the United States as balances of debts growing out of the transactions of the Rev olutionary war: Sec. 5. And be it Inriber enacted, That this act shall continue and he in lotce until otherwise provided by law, unless the United States shall become involved in war with any foreign power, in which event, from the com mencement 0 I hostilities, this act shall he sus pended during the continuance of such war: Provided, nevertheless, That if, prior to the expiration of it, any new Stale or States shall be admitted into the Union, there be as signed to such new Slate or States, the pto portion of the proceeds accruing after their admission into tiie Union, to which such State or States may be entitled, upon the principles oft! is act, together with what such State or'Stales may be emitted to by vir ue of compacts to be made on their admission into the Union. Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That there shall be annually appropriated to; cmn plecng ihe surveys of said lands a stun not less than one hundred and tillv thousand dol lars; and ihe minimum prtee at winch the public lands are now sola at private sale shall not he increased, unless Congress si 1 ■ii think proper to grant alternate sections aiong ttie line of any canal or oilier improvement, and at the same time to increase the minimum | price o’ the sections reserved; and in case the same shall be increased by law, except as aforesaid, at any time during tiie operation ol this act, then so much of this act as provides tiiat the nett proceeds of the sales of the pub lic lands shall be distributed among tiie sev eral Elates shall, from and af.er the increase of the minimum price thereof, cease and be c me utterly uul an I ol no eltecl, any tuing to Hie contrary notwithstanding: Fio.ided, That it at any lime during Hie existence of this act, there shail.be an imposition of duties on im ports inconsistent with the provisions ol the act of March second, one thousand eight hun dred and thirty-three, entitled “An act to muddy ihe act of fourteenth July, one thou sand eight hundred and thi: ty-tvvo, and all other acts imposing duties on imposts,” anti beyond tne rale ot duty fixed by that act, to w.t, twenty per cent on Ihe value ot such im ports, or anv ot’ them, then the distribution provided in this aet shall be suspended, anu shall so con -me until this cause ot us suspen sion shall I- removed, when it not prevented bv otiier provisions of tins act, sucti distribu tion shall he resumed. Sec. 7. And be it further enacted. That the Secretary of the Treasury may continue any land district in which is suuated the seat of government til any one ol the Elates and j may continue the land office in such district, notwithstanding the quantity ol land unsold in such district may not amount to one hun dred thousand acres, when, in his opinion, such continuance may be required by public convenience, or in order to close the ,and sys tem in such State at a convenient point, under the provisions til tiie act on that subject, ap proved l-2ih June, one thousand eight him- j dred and lorry. Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, Tiiat j • here shall be granted to each Slate specified j in the first section of this act, five hundred ; thousand acres of land Urr the purposes ol improvement: Provided, That to each ot the said Slates which has already received grants | lor said purposes, there is hereby granted no “THE UNION OF THE STATES, AND THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATES.” more than a quantify ot land which shall to gether with the amount such State has al teatly received as albresaid, make five hun dred thousand acres; the selections in all of the said Slates to be made within their limits respectively in such manner as Lite Legislaiure thereof shall direct, and located in parcels, conformably to sectional divisions and subvis ions, of not less than three hundred and twenty acres in one locauon, on any public land, except such as is or may be leserved from sale by any law of Congress or procla mation ol’ ti e president of die United States, winch said locations may be made at any time after the lands of the United Elates in said Stales respectively shall have been sur veyed, according to exist ng 1 i ws. And there shall he and heieby is granted to each new j ►State that shall be and hereafter is admitted | inti the Union, upon such admission, so much j land as, including such quantity as may have j been granted to such State belbre its admis sion, and while under a territorial government, for purposes oi improvement as aforesaid,shall make live hundred thousand acres of laud, to be selected and located as alotesaid Sec. y. And tie it l oil her enacted, That the lands herein granted to the States above named shall not be disposed of at a price less than one dollar anu twenty five cents per acre, unit! otherwise authorized by a law of the United States; and the nett proceeds of the sale's of said lands shall be faithfully ap plied to objects of internal improvement with in the Stales aforesaid respectively, namely: Roads, railways, bridges, canals and improve ment of water courses, and draining of swamps, and sucli roads, railways, canals, bridges and water courses, when made or im proved, shall be free for the transportation ol the United States mail, and munitions of war, and for the passage of their troops with out the payment of any toll whatever. Sec. 10. And be it further enacted, That from and after the passage of this act every person, being the head of a family, or widow or single man, over the age of twenty one years, and being a citizen of the United States, or having filed his declaration of in lenlion to become a citizen as required hy the naturalization laws, who since the first day oi June, A. D., eighteen bundled and forty, has I made or shall hereafter make, a settlement in person on the public lands to which the Indian title had been, at the time of such settlement extinguished, and which has been or shall have been surveyed prior thereto, aud who shall inhabit and improve the same, and who has or snail erect a dwelling thereon, shali be and is heieby authorized to enler with the register of the land office lor the district in which such land u.ay lie, by legal subdivisions, any number of acres not exceeding ore hun dred and sixty, or a quarter section of land, to include the residence of such claimant, up-; on paying to ihe United States the minimum price of such land, subject, however, to the following limitations and exceptions: No person shall be eniited to more than one preemptive right by virfue of this act; no person who is the proprietor, of three hun dred and twenty acres of land in any Slate or Territory of the United States, and no person who shall quit or abandon his residence on his own land lo reside on the public land in the same State or Territory shall acquire any right of pre-emption under this act: no lands included in any reservation, by any treaty, law, or proclamation of the President of the United States, or reserved foruallness or lor oilier purposes; no lands reserved for ihe support of schools, nor the lands acquired by either of the two last treaties with the Miami tribe ol Indiansin the State of Indi diana, or which may be acquired of t tie Wy andot tribe of Indians in Ihe Stale of Ohio, or other Indian reservation to which the title has been or may be extinguished by the Unileii Slates at any time during the operation of this act; no sections of land reserved to the United States alternate to other sections gran ted to any of the States for the construction of any canal, railroad, or other public im provements; no sections or fractions of sec tions included within the limits of anv incor porated town ; no portions of the public lands which have been selected as the site for a city or town; no parcel or lot ol land actu ally setlled and occupied for the purposes of trade and not agriculture; and no lands ort which are situated any known salines or mines shallbe liable to entry under or by virtue of the provisions of this act. And so much of the provision of the act of twenty-second of June eighteen hundred and thirty.eight, or any or der of the President of the Untied States, ns directs certain reservations to be made in fa vor of certain claims under the treaty of Dancing Rabbit creek be, and the same is hereby repealed: Provided, That such re peal shall not effect any title to any tract of land secured in virtue of said treaty. Sec. 11. And be it further enacted, That when two or more persons shall have settled on the same quarter section ol land, the tiglii of pre-empti 11 shall be in him or her who made the first settlement, provided such per sons shall conform to the other provisions ol this act ; and all questions as to the light til pre-emption arising between different settlers shall be settled by the register and receiver of the district within which the lan i is situa ted. subject to an appeal to and a revision by the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States. Sec. 12. And he it further enacted, That prior to any entries being made under and by virtue of the provisions of this act, proof ol the settlement and improvement thereby re quired shall be made to the satisfaction of the register and receiver of the land district in which such lands may lie, agreeahly to such rule as shall he prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, who shall each be entitled to receive fifty cents from each applicant lor hi’ services to be rendered as aforesaid; and all assignments and transfers ol the right hereby secured prior to the issuing <>f the pat ent shall be null and void. Sec. 13. And he it further enacted, That before anv person claiming the benefit ol this act shall he allowed to enter suclt lands, he or she shall make oath before the receiver or register of tiie land district in which the land is situated (who are hereby authorized to ad minister the same) that he or she lias never had the benefit of any right of pre-emption under this act, tiiat he or she is not the owner of three hundred and twenty acres of land in anv Slate or the United States, nor hath he or she settled upon and improved -aitl land to sell the same on speculation, but in good faith to appropriate it to his or her own exclusive use or benefit ; and that lie or site has not directly, or indirectly, made any agreement or contract in any way or man ner, with any person or persons whatsoever, by which the title which he or she might ac quire from the Government of the United Elates should enure, in whole or in part, to ihe bentfit of any person except himself; and if any person taking such oath shall swear falsely in the premises, he or she shall be sub : ject u all the pains and penalties of perjury, | and shall forfeit the money which he or she j may have paid lor said land, and all right and : title to the same; and anv grant or convey ance which he or she may have made, except ! in the hands of bona fide purchasers, for a j valuable consideration, shall be null and void. ’ And it shall be the dutv of the officer admin- istering sucli oath to file a ce.lificate thereof m the public land office of such district, and to transmit a duplicate copy to the Getieial Land Office, either of which shall be good and sufficient ev.deuce that such oath was admin istered according to law. Stc. 14. And be il further enacted, That this act shall not delay the sale of any of the public lands of the United Slates beyond the time which has been, or may be, appointed by the proclamation of the President, nor shall the provisions of this act he available to any person or persons who shall fail to make the proof and payment, and file the affidavit re quired before tire day appointed for the com mencement of the sales as aforesaid. Sec. .15. And be il further enacted, That | whenever any person has settled or shall settle j and imp.ove a tract of land* subject at the | time ol settlement to private entry, and shall I intend to purchase the same under the provi sions of this act, such person sliali in the first case, within three months after the passage of the same, and in the last within thirty days next alter the date of such settlement, lile with the register of the proper district a writ ten statement describing the land settled upon, and declaring the intention of such person lo claim the same under the provisions of this act, ami shall, where such settlement is alrea dy made, within the same period after the dale of such settlement, make the proof alii- davit, and payment herein required; and i! lie or she shall lad to file such written state ment as aloresaid, or shall tail to make such affidavit, proof, and payment within the twelve months aloresaid, the tract of laud so settled and improved shall be subject to the entry ol any other purchaser. Sec. 16. And be it further enacted, That the two per cent of the net proceeds ol the lands sold, or that may hereafter he sold the United States in the State of Mississippi, since the fiistday of December, one thousand eight hundred and seventeen, and by the act, entitled “ An act to enable the People of the Western part of the Mississippi Territory to form a Consti ution and State Government and for the admission ol such Stale into the Union on an equal fooling with the original States,’, and all acts supplemental thereto, re served lor the making of a road or roads leading to said Stale, be, and the same is here by relinquished to the Stale of Mississippi, payable in two equal instalments; the first to be paid on the first of May, one thousand eight hundred and forty-two, and the other on the first of May, one thousand eight hun dred and forty-three, so far as the same may then have accrued, and quarterly, as the same may accrue, after said period : Provided, That the’ Legislatures of said State shall pass an act dclarmg their acceptance ol said relinquish merit in full if said fund, accrued and accru ing, and also embracing a provision, to be un alterable without the consent ol Congress, that the whole of said two per cent fund shall be faithfully applied to the construction ol a railroad, leading from Brandon, in the Slate of Mississippi, io the eastern boundary of said Slate, in the direction, as near as may be of the towns cf Selma, Cahawba, and Mont gomery, in the State ol Alabama. Sec.” 17. And be it further enacted, Thn the two per cent of the net proceeds of the lands sold by the United States, in the State of Alabama, since the first day of September, one thousand eight hundred and nineteen, and reserved by the act entitled “An act to enable the People of tlie Alabama Territory to form a Constitution and Slate Government, and for the admission of such Stale into the Union on an equal footing with the original State*,’’ for the making of a road or roads leading to the said State, be, and the same is hereby, re linquished to the said State of Alabama, pay. able in two equal instalments, the first to be paid on the first day of May, one thousand eight hundred and forty-two, and the other on the first of May, one thousand eight hun dred and forty three, so far as the same has accrued, and quarterly, as the same may here after accrue: Provided, That the Legislature of said State shall first pass an act declaring their acceptance of said relinquishment, and also embracing a provision, to be unalterable without the consent of Congress, that the whole of said two per cent fund shall be faith fully applied, under the direction of the Leg gislature of Alabama, to the connexion, by some means of internal improvement, of the navigable waters of I fie bay of Mobile with the Tennessee river, and to the construction ot a continuous line of internal improvements from a point on the Chattahoochie river, op nos te West Point, in Georgia across thie state of Alabama, in a direction to Jackson, in the Stale of Mississippi. JOHN WHITE, Speaker of the House of Representatives. SAM’L L. SOUTHARD, President of the Seriate pro tempore. Approved, September 4 1341. JOHN TYLER. From ihe Federal Union. THE TAXES. Tax paying times have arrived, the collect ors are applying to the people to pay the heavy tax required ot them by the act of the last Legislature, and the whig press, it seems are becoming somewhat alarmed at the idea ot the peoples discontent with the useless and op pressive exaction made of them. Some ol their triends are not so well pleased; and oth ers do not see into the why and the wherefore of the cause, especially at a time like the pre sent when they are so hard run for money, and there is so little to be had in the country. Great effort is and has been making to con vince the voters that it is ail in consequence ot the indebtedness of the State and its gr at want of money to defray its expenses. Ihe Van Buren party they say have spent the wb de of the assets of the Central Bank and ah the money in the Treasury has been squandered. They figure and flourish, and pile up masses of type to show the necess.ty for heavy taxation : one says the st te owes nine millions cf dollars; this is proven to be false, and it is shown that the state is not only i out ol debt without an existing liability for any considerable amount, which can become due under thirty years, but her institution entitled to credit. They then resort to a calculation and put together figures and sums showing the expenses and appropriations made by the Legislature, that required the tax to be ie\ iad, and trotn it hope to prove the necessity for the raising a large amount by taxation, liow iair and honest these partisans are in their efforts to prove their state insolvent, and to convince the people that it was necessary, and ought to assess a heavy tax, will be seen by reference to their items of a table, furnished in the Jour nal of last week, on which is put down figures to make 1,(£53,000,000, the amount to be pro vided lor payment, of this year; to do this they place to the account, for legislature oi last year, which the reader will remember was paid in December last, §IOO,OOO, and add contingent fund appropriation, 20,000 of which it is uncertain how much may be re quired ; and military fund, 3,000, for which no appropriation appears to have been made on the statute book ; with many other items of like character, which had no existence in fact, or which have been long since and previous to the tax act, paid and settled by the State. But we pass on to those of larger amount, and respecting which more gross prevarication and misrepresentation are made by them. For [NUMBER 33. instance, §420,0110, say they, was wanted to defray the expenses incurred by the payment of Western and Atlantic Rail Road Scrip, &c. &c. Now, it is well known, and sc might have been understood by these editors, that the larger portion of this sum was paid by the bank during last year, say at least, two hundred and fifty thousand dollars of the amount, and the balance which has been paid since, and for vvh ch the Bank was not liable, this same Harrison and reform Legislature required should be paid by it. Many other equally absurd and erroneous statements are made to deceive the people on this subject, i he conclusion of all which is, that the peo ple are to understand that §1033,000 had to be provided to be met in the year 1641, which is brandished forth in large capitals, with the additional amount of ‘ half a million of money ,’ which the editors admit have been actually paid by the Central Bank, with most of the items constituting their statement, of a million and thirty three thousand dollars required to be paid to defray the expenses of the year. Weil, if these sums have been paid without the aid of the taxes, through the operations ol the Central Bank, and it is well known to ev ery one, not one dollar of the tax of 1841 has yet been received, where was the great neces sity, and how have they shown that the last Legislature had to provide these means to sus tain the Government by resorting to heavy taxation. The whole of the taxes to be col- lected, which, agreeably to the digests return ed to the Comptroller’s office, for 1841, a mount, including all the subjects of taxation required to be assessed by the late law, to the sum of seven hundred and twenty odd thousand dollars. A statement of the returns lor eacli county, for this and the last year, is herewith given, from the records, that every one may see for himself and draw the contrast between former taxes and those assessed by this “would not if they could” relieve the people Legisla ture of 1840. And if this sum or whatever portion of it that may be collected, is to be collected in CENTRAL BANK BILLS from the people which by the same Legislature is required (with specie or specie paying bank notes alone, of which there are now none to be had,) we ask and let every honest man an swer for himself: Will the State after having wrung from the people in times already too distressing to be looked on with the slightest complacency by the feeling portion of our cit izens, be any better able to defray these large debts and expenses which are arrayed by our adversaries, with available funds than if she had suffered the people to have the use of her bills and raised the resources of the State as heretofore, by payments and interests accru ing to be made at their ease, from borrows at the Cental Bank ! Would not the State and people be more benefitted by the use of Cen tral Bank notes among them, and from the interest and reductions to be paid on the mo ney loaned at the bank to those in distress, who could have made safe their liabilities for the same. Is not money or circulating paper already sufficiently scarce in Georgia, for these unfeeling reformers who promised so much last year, in relation to better times and plenty of money ! Have the people now to learn that Central Bank bills are of more value in their hands than those of chartered companies, every day exploding and leaving bill holders to sacrifice their notes for a trifle ! Can they issue! do they do it! and if they were, would any one trust (hem ! No ! Away withal. the slang and fabrications of politicians and bankers, enemies of the Central Bank, : and to the best interests of the people. There is no good reason and none can be giv en for the course of the last Legislature, in oppressing the people with this heavy TAX, and in doing every thing possible to destroy their Bank. Let the voters of Georgia look to it. It Was for political purpose, and to crush the Central Bank and give credit and influence to Corporations these things were done. If they have the power, greater enor mities —the utter annihilation of the Bank will be tin result, and taxes resorted to, year after year, of a still more odious and onerous a mount, under pretence that the Government requires it. Let no one be deceived by their falsehoods and people of Georgia read and examine lor yourselves. A Table showing the amount of TAXES as sessed in the different counties in Georgia, for the years 1841 and 1840. Counties. 1841. 1840. Applinn-,’ No return No return Baker, 1,411 34 367 32 Baldwin, .18,427 46 1 ,'BOB 97 Bibb, 161.141 00 4,937 3d Bryan,- 1052 30 518 38 Bulloch, 935 36 455 60 Burke, 3.976 68 2,622 38 Butts, 1,539 19 762 30 Chattooga, 776 82 384 89 Camden, 19,054 62 3,622 54 Campbell, 1,057 59 519 91 Carroll, 983 20 722 27 Cass, 2,028 52 1,035 73 Chatham,’ 23,085 83 11,173 21 Cherokee, 960 49 406 49 Clark, 4,764 19 2,733 79. Cobb, 16,540 09 779 51 Columbia, 3,91125 2,556 93 Coweta, 2,548 13 1,296 22 Crawford, 2,160 06 1,620 36 Dade, 247 SO 97 46 Decatur, 1,433 88 890 18 DeKalb, 2,008 69 1,274 65 Dooly, 1,055 42 523 02 Early, 1,826 56 790 33 Effingham, 831 15 469 23 Elbert, 3,681 67 1,834 64 Emanuel, No return 419 20 Favette,’ 1,393 56 842 24 Floyd, 1,302 50 629 43 Forsyth, 907 59 459 38 Franklin, 1,671 00 614 19 Gilmer, 346 77 111 57! Glynn, 17,654 65 1,298 79 \ Green, 4,053 55 4,493 48 ’ Gwinnett, 2,004 88 1,1 ( 10 45 j Hal fcrsham* 1,302 58 6~6 2 > j Hall, 1,407 25 670 271 Hancock, 3,589 91 2,625 11 : Harris, 3,837 89 2,256 94! Heard, 1,095 00 615 33} Henry, 2,070 00 1,363 50 Houston, 2,170 00 1,496 07 1 Irwin, No return No return | Jackson; 1.880 62 694 90! Jasper, 3,814 61 3,27 7 97 Jefferson, 2,473 70 1.845 3e Jones 3,251 19 2,539 93 Laurens. 16,762 00 868 00 Lee, 1.720 21 767 39 Liberty, No return 1,452 98 Lincoln, 1.907 94 994 48 Lowndes, No return 780 30 Lumpkin, 939 58 532 21 Macon. 1,077 56 No return Madison, 1,120 77 5-53 66 Marion, 1,102 18 449 13 Mclntosh, 183,176 00 1,697 21 Meriwether, 3,515 93 2,145 45 Monroe, 21,076 38 3,678 06 Montgomery, 415 76 208 27 Morgan, “ 4,444 10 2,499 11 | Murray, 920 89 554 76 ; Muscogee, 38,578 21 3,675 00 ; Newton, 3,313 74 1,843 57 j Oglethorpe, 3,522 68 2,002 53 | Paulding, 1,012 24 269 08 ! Pike, 2,184 00 1,634 29 j Pulaski, 1631199 995 45 1 Putnam, 4,227 77 3,248 79 Rabun, 267 50 134 62 Randolph, 2,216 20 870 19 Richmond, 22,518 76 8.477 03 Bcriven, 1,G3l 12 932 84 Stewart. 3,729 96 1,725 78 Sumter, 1,280 00 752 46 1 albot, Np return 2,467 63 Taliaferro, 1,557 00 981 41 Tattnall, 764 42 417 28 Telfair, 15,925 20 447 27 Thomas, 1,877 20 1,368 92 Troup, 4,902 90 3,809 34 Twiggs, 2,907 00 1,337 16 Union, 318 00 331 00 Upson, 4,475 38 2,054 32 Walton, 2.332 88 1,678 96 Ware, No return 247 08 Warren, 3,225 00 1,788 11 Washington, e,433 38 1,714 91 Wayne, No return 180 07 Walker, 1,056 80 480 65 Wilkes, 4,742 12 3,119 54 Wilkinson, 1,4i9 27 691 76 §722,788 91* § 138,927 04 ♦The above returns were taken from the tax books now in the Comptroller General’s office, and includes the tax on change bills and all other property required by the law of the last Legislature to be taxed, from which it will be seen, omitting the eight counties whose books have not as yet been received by the Comp troller, that the Tex’s of 1841 exceed that of 1840 in the sum of §583,859 87! From he Indepen<lent (Ala ) Monitor. PENALTIES OF THE BANKRUPT LA4\ . From what motive, unless it he a pit-deter mination to see how much suffering mankind will endure without public resistance, —tho late Van Buren party oppose every measure of pecuniary rebel to the country, and of person al liberty itself in many instances, we are at a loss to divine. The recent act of Congress establishing a uniform system of bankruptcy in the United States, received but two votes in the Senate and three in the House of Repre sentatives from that side ; and not content with his past efforts to rivet the chains of bondage forever on a half million of American citizens (by his own estimate) Mr. Benton has declared that the act will be repealed within ten days of the next session of Con gress. In this de. ire to abrogate the law even before it goes into operation, Mr. B. is not *■ solitary and alone ” as he was in putting a celebrated ball in motion ; for we find it re sponded to by certain organs of that party in Alabama. One reason alledged is, that the law vviil have a corrupting tendency on the public morals, by tempting men to the com mission of fraud and perjury, to avail them selves of its protection : and then, that il al lowed to take effect, it will ruin the banks of this State by cutting off a large portion of debts owing them. , - . We propose to examine practically the na ture of these objections. In the first place, we shall notice the relation between debtor and creditor. .Waiving all consideration of the fact that the people were involved, mainly, in their pre sent difficulties, by the policy of a former administration of the General Government a id that a duty thence peculiarly devolved on Government to ameliorate their condition, we take it for granted, what will be found true in lorty-nine fiftieths pases of insolvency, that creditors, whether corporations or individuals, have run their claims into judgment, and havo ferreted out every vestige of property, either visible or concealed, where the same could be reached by any process at law or in equity. We feel perfectly authorized to say that cred itors seldom relax their grasp until their debt ors are breathless, and even then their ideas of justice turn to a prison as the most eligible retreat for their miserable debtors. Since the question of a bankrupt law has been agitated in Congress, we have uniformly maintained, the good faith and obligation of contracts, so far as that the debtor should yield up every thing, even to his pocket knife, if required this done, what else can the creditor possibly obtain! Will he be permitted to seize the family of the debtor, and make them slaves,’ to cower under his lash, or the debtor himself to rot in jail! The fast has not been unfre quent in this land of liberty ; and to prevent such disgraceful consequences, the framers of the constitution, by a wise and patriotic fore sight, expressly authorized Congress to pass “ uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States;” thus securing personal freedom against the malice or tyran ny of creditors, alter a fair and honest surren der of the debtors effects. To such an end, has Congress at length exerted that benefi cent grant of power in ihe constitution. By referring to the bankrupt law, it will be seen that every man claiming its benefits, has to set forth under oath every debt that he owes, and a list of all his property, whether iri possession or expectancy, debts due him, and every species of trust or sale in which he has or may have a contingent interest. Ilis last bed, and even the cradle of his infant; the books he had collected in his youth, and that precious volume, the family bible ; the spelling books of his children, and the smallest article ol household or kitchen furniture, are all to be included ; and the most that can be done for him under the law, no matter what the size of his family or their former rank in life, is, that the assignee appointed by the court to take charge of his property, may reserve him such articles for housekeeping as he may think proper, in no case to exceed three hundred dol lars * A man seeking relief under that law r , lias to come to this, or by a false representa tion to deceive the Court, subject himself to all the pains of perjury, under the laws of the United States. The punishment for this of fence is three years imprisonfnfent; a fine of eight hundred dollars, and standing in the pil lory one hour, besides being forever incompe tent to give testimony in a court of justice. Creditors are allowed, by the law, to question the applicants for a discharge, in every possi ble manner bv which the business and real condition of the debtor may be ascertained. They may inquire* 1. On how much capital of his own the debtor commenced trades 2. What amount did he obtain from his creditors 1 at what time, and what disposition did he make of it 1 3. I low much did lie sell for cash, and how much on time! What kind of debts did lie allow to accumulate on Ins books! What amount good, doubtful, or bad! What col lections has be made, and what portion of his liabilities have been discharged, either in paper, or other property, and at what j rate ! 4. What have been his individual or house j hold expenses ? llcw many servants did lie j buy with the capital obtained from his credit | ors! how many carriages ar.d horses! what sum was paid out for houses and furniture! how much in pleasure parties! in games of hazard, and what kind of games, horse-racing, cards <>r d.ce! 5. How much did he bestow in charity, or in gifts! What was the character for fidelity of the clerks or agents employed! What amount was invested in speculati n on lands, slaves, town lots, rail roads or public t locks ! How much for the education of children, and what trips of pleasure did the family take! Did they visit the springs in summer or the city in winter! did they travel economically, and seek the cheapest taverns! or did they go in private conveyances, if so, what sort, or by ste-imboats or railroads, and always demand fashionable liviug! 6. At what time the debtor was first ap prized of his embarrassments! W hat occa sioned them, loose credits or large endorse ments or securityships! W hen did he make known h's situation to bis creditors, and what terms of settlement did he propose to thorn ? Who has he preferred, and who has he failed to pay! What amount has ho paid out in