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THE COLUMBUS TIMES.
VOLUME I.]
THE BARON’S LAST BANQ.UET.
BV ALBERT G. CKEIKE.
O’er a low couch the setting sun
Had thrown its latest ray
Wh ere, in his last s'rong agony,
A dying warrior lay ;
The stern old Baron Rudiger,
Whose frame had ne’er been bent
By wasting paw, till time and toil
Its iron strength Hart spent.
“■They come around me here, and say,
My cays of life are o’er.
That 1 -liiJl mount my noble steed,
And lead my baud no more ;
They eoiue, and to my beard they dare
To te!l me now, that I.
Their own liege lord and master born—
That I. ha ! ha T must die !
** And what is Death ? I’ve dared him oft
Belore the Paynim spear ;
Think ye he’s entered at my gate,
Has come to seek me h re ?
I’ve met him—faced him—scorned hint—
Winn the fight wa< raging hot;
I‘ll try his might ; 1 btave his powtr,
Defy, arid tear him not!
*• Ho ! sound the tocsin fiom my tower,
And fire tie culvtrin !
Bid each retainer arm with speed—
Gall ev ry v< sal in ;
Up wubiny banner on the wall—
Tile banquet board prepare,
Throw wide the portal o! my hall.
And bring my armor there!”
An hundred hands were busy then;
The banquet forth was spread,
A ml rang the heavy oaken floor
With many a martial tread;
While from the rich dark tracery,
Along each vaulted wail,
Lights gleamed on harness, plu ■ and spear,
O’er the proud old Gothic hall.
Fast hurrying through the outer gate,
The mailed retainer poured.
On through the portal's frowning arch,
And throng'd around the boaid ;
While at Us head, within his duik,
Carved oaken chair of state,
Aimed cap-a-pie, stern Rudiger,
With glided falchion, sa'e.
” Fill every beaker up, my men !
Pour tor h the cheering wine ;
There’s lite and strength m every drop—
Thanksgiving to th vine !
Are ye ah there inv vassals true ?
Mine eyes are waxing dun;
Fill round, my tried and tearless ones,
Each gobiet to the brim !
“ Ye ’re there but yet I see ye not;
Draw forth each trusty sword,
And let me hear your tai'hf. l steel
t lash once around uiy board:
I hear it faint')’ —I iinier yet !
What clogs my heavy breath?
Up ali ! and shout f>r Rudiger.
• D<Jinnee unto Di alh ”
B >•■ i ranu to howl, steel clanged to steel,
An 1 rose a deafening cry,
Thai made the torches flare around,
And shook the flags on high ;
“ Ho, cravens ! do ve fear him ?
fiiay.es, liaiiursf haveve flown?
Ho co'aids! have ) left me
To meet him here, alone !
But I defy him—let him come! ”
Dow n iang the massy cup.
Winle (rum us sheaili the ready blade
Came Hashing lialf-w;.y up;
And with the black and neavy plumes
Scarce iieinnling on Irs head,
There, in hi • duik. carved oaken chair,
O.el K.udig*-r sal, dead !
TRIAL OP WARREN HASTINGS.
1 lie* pi epai.it tons lor tlie trial find f> oceed
cd lapnlly, ami on the 13 <>l Febrmaiy, 1788,
llie mi linos oi Ihe court c.oumieiiced. There
i nave been spectacles more duzzitun In the eye
mote gtngcous vvtlli j’ wdry ol doth gold
itiOte amaciive to gtown uj children, iliaii
I Hi.it vv ll ioii w.is then exhibited at VV eslmmts
ji* hai, p thop-, there never vva a spectacle
s > weh caietii.ited lo strike a highly cultivate'!
i rilLcmig, an imaginative timid. Al the va
! nous kiinis ol inii-ieat which belong to the
near and to the dunam, to the present and to
tile pjsi, were collected iu one hour. All llie
talents and all the accniiiplishinei.ts vvnicli are
dcvclope hy liberty and civilization were n *\v
displayed, won every advaulaoe dial Could
he uerived, botti I'rinn co operation and from
| conliast. Every step m the piuceedtugs car-
I vied HiC mind either backward, through many
; uonhletl centuiies, to llie days when the foun-
Ida lions ol the constitution were laid; or lar
away, over boundless seas and deserts, lo
dusky ualioi.s liv.no under strange stars, wor
shipping strange gods, and writing strange
characUis lioui right lo left. The high
Court o Parliament Was to sit, according to
hums handed down Inm tiie days of the
Pianiairciieis, on an Englishman accused of
cxe cistng tyranny over Hie lord of the holy
city ot Benares, and the ladies of lhe prince
ly house of Oiiile.
The place was worthy of such a trial. It
was the nie.it hall of V\ ilkato Rufus, the hall
which haii resounded with acclamations at
the inauguration oi thirty kings; the hall
winch had witnessed the just sentence of Ba
con, and ttie just absolution of Somers; the
half in vvlut h itie eloquence of Stafldrd had
lor a moment awed and melted a victorious
par.y inflamed with just resentment; the hall
wheie (Ji-arles had eonlionud the high court
of justice which t e placid courage which lias
hall redeemed his fame. Neither military
I nor civil (romp was wanting. The avenues
were lilted with grenadiers. The streets were
kept clear by cavalry. The peers, robed in
gold and ermine, were marshalled by the her
alds, under Gariet King-at-Aims. The judg
es, in their vestments of slate, attended to give
advice on points of law. Near a hundred
and seventy lords, three-fourths of the upper
House as the upper House then was, walked
in solemn order from their usual place of as
semhlmg to the tribunal. The junior Baron
piesenlUd the way—Loid Heaihfield—re
cently ennobled lor Ins memorable de'ence of
G.biallar, agonist the fleets and armies of
France and ofSpain. The long procession was
closed hv the Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal
of the Realm, bv the great dignimries,and by
the brothers and thesons of the King. Last
; of all came the F.inceof Wales, conspicuous
by Ins fine person and noble bearing.
The gray o;d ways were hung in scarlet.—
The long galleries were crowded by such an
audience as has rarely excued the fears orthe
emulation of an orator. There were gath- I
ered together, from r-il parts of a great, free
enlightened and prosperous realm, grace and
female loveliness, wit and learning, the rep
resentatives of every science and of every
science and ol every art. Tire re were seated i
round the Queen, the fair-haired young I
daughters of the house of Brunswick. —
There the ambassadors of great kings ate*
commonwealths gazed with admiration oil a
spectacle which no other country in die world
could present. There Siddons, in the prime
ol her majest c beauty, looked with emotion on
a scene surpassing all the imitations of the :
stage. Ttiere the historian of the Roman
empire thought of the days when Cicero plea- j
ded the cau-e of Sicily agtinsl Verres ; and j
when before a senate which had still some }
show of freedom. Tacitus thunde-ed against
the oppressor of Africa. There were seen,
side hv side, the greatest pain'er and the
gieatest scholar of the age. The sjiectaele
had allured Reynolds from that ease! which
has preserved to us the thoughtful foreheads
of so many writ, rs and statesmen, and the
sweet snides <>f so many noble matrons. Ii
had induced Parr to suspend his labors in that
dark and profound mine from which he had
extricated a treasure ol'erudition—a treasure
to * often buried in the earth, too often para
ded with it*jud cions and inelegant osieuta
tion ; hut still precious, massive and splendid.
There sopcared the voluptuous charms of her
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 23, 1811.
to whom the heir to the throne had in secret
plighted his faith.'t There too, was she, the
heaulilu mother of a beautiful race, the Si.
Celtlia, whose delicate features, lighted up by
love and music, art has rescued from the
common decay.t There were the members
of that brilliant society, which quoted, criti
cised, at'd exchanged repartees, under the rich
peacock hangings of Mrs. Montague. Ar.d
the ladies, whose lips more persuasive than
Fox himself, had carried the Westminister
election against palace anil treasury, stione
around Georgian, Duchesof Devonshire.
The sergeant made proclamation. Has
tings advanced to the bar of his knee. The
culprit w*s indeed not unworthy of that great
presence. He had ruled an extensive and
populous country, had made laws and treaties,
had sent forth armies, had set up and pulled
down princes. And in his high place he had
so borne himself, that all had feared, that most
haft loved him, and that hatred itself could
deny him no title lo glory, excep; virtue. He
looked like a great man, and not like a baa
man. A ptrsot. small and emaciated, yet de
riving dignity from a carriage which while it
unbeaten also habitual self possession and
self lespect—a high aavl intellectual forehead
—a brow ptnsive, but not gloomy—a mouth
of inflexible decision—a face paleand worn,
but serene,on which was written as legibly as
under the great picture in the council cham
ber in Calcutta, Mens <cqua in arduis —such
was the as|)ect with which the great procon
sul presented himself to his judges.
ILs counsel accompanied him, men all of
whom were afterwards raised by their talents
and learning to the highest posts in their pro
iessiou—the bold anil strong minded Law,
afterward Chief Justice of the King’s Bench;
the mine humane and eloquent Dallas, afier
wards Chief Justice of the Common Pleas ;
and P unier, who nearly twenty years later,
successfully conducted in the same high court
the defence of Lo and Melville, and subse
oueiiilv tiecame Vice Chancellor and Master
of the Rolls.
But neither the culprit nor his advocates at
tracted so much attention as the accusers. In
the midst of a blaze of red drapery, a space
had been filled up with green benches and ta
bles for the Commons. The managers, with
Burke at their head, appeared in full dress. —
The collectors of gossip did not fail to remark
that even Fox, generally so regardless
of his appearance, had po id to the illustrious
tribunal the compliment of wearing a bag and
swonl. Pm bad refused to be tine of the con
ductors of the impeachment; and bis com
manding, copious and sonorous elolquence
was wanting to that great muster of various
talents. Age and blindness bad unfitted Lord
North for the dunes of a public prosecutor ;
ami los friends were left without the help of
bis excellent sense, his tact, and his urban
ity. But, in spite of !he absence of these two
distinguished members of the lower House,
the box in which the managers stood con
tained an array of speakers such as perhaps
bad not appeared together since the age of
Athenian eloquence. There stood Fox and
Sheridan, the English Demosthenes, and the
Hv|>eii(les. There was Burke, ignorant, in
deed, or negligent, of the art ol adapting his
reasonings and his style to the capacity and
taste of his hearers; but in amplitude of
comprehension and richness of imagination
superior to every orator, ancient or modern.
There, with eyes reverentially fixed on
Burke appeared the finest gentleman of the
age; his torm developed by every manly exer
cise; his face beaming with intelligence and
spirit—the ingenuous, t e chivalrous, the high
souled Windham. Nor, though surrouuded
ivy such men. did the youngest manager pass
unnoticed. Al an age when most of those
who distingui-hed themselves in life are still
contending lor prizes and fellowships at
college, he had won for himself a conspicuous
place in Parliament. No advantage of for
tune or connection was wanting that could set
ofl’ to the height Ins splendid talents and un
blemished honor. At twenty three he had
been thought worthy to be ranked with the
veteran statesman who appeared as the dele
gates of me British Commons at the bar pi
the British nobility. All who stood at the bar
save him alone, are gone—culprit, advocates,
acusers. To llie genera Eon which is now
in the vigor of life, he is the sole represenla
,tve of a great age which has passed away.—
But those who, within the last ten years, have
listened with delight, till the morning sun
shone on the tapestries of the House of Lords
to tiie lofty and animated eloquence of
Charles Earl Grey, are able to form some
estimate of the powers of a race of men a
uiong whom be was not the foremost.
The charges and answers of Hastings
Were first read. The ceremony occupied two
two whole days, and was rendered less tedi
ous than it would otherwise have been, by
the silver voice and just emphasis of Cowper,
the cierk ol the court, a near relation of the
amiable poet. On the third day Burke mse.
Four sittings of the court were occupied by
Ins opening sjieeclt, which was intended to be
a general introduction to all the charges.—
V\ nb an exuberance of thought and a splen
| oorof diction which more than satisfied the
j highly raised expectation of the audience,
he described the character atul institutions of
j the natives of India ; recounted the circm
j stances in which the Asiatic empire of Brit
j am had originated; and set forth the constt
| tution of the company, and of the English
I presidencies. Having thus attempted to
commuuicate to his hearers an idea of Eas
t'-rn society, as vivid as that which existed in
ins own mind, he proceeded to arraign the
administration of Hastings, as systematical
Iv conducted in defiance oi’ morality and pub
lic law.
The energy and pathos of the great ora-’
lor extorted expressions of unwonted admi
ration, even from the stein and hostile Chan
cellor; and, for a moment seemed to pierce
even die resolute heart of the and fend ant.—
The ladies iu the galleries, unaccustomed toj
such displays of eloquence, excited by the so
lemnly of the occasion, ami perhaps not un
willing to display their taste and sensibility
were in a state ot uncontrolled emotion.—
Handkerchiefs were puHed out, smelling bot
tles were handed round, hysterical sobs and
screams were heard, and Mrs. Sheridan was
carried out in a fit. At length the orator
’•(included. Raising his voice til theoldarcres
of Irish oak resounded—“ Therefore,” said he
“hath it with all confidence been ordered by!
tie Commons of Gieat Britain, thai I impeach
Warren Hisiing of high crimes and misde
meanors. Wai ren Hastings of high crimes
: anu misdemeanors. I impeach him in the
nine of die Commons House of Parliai: eni
whose trust he has betrayed. I impeach him
in tht name of the English nation, whose an
cient, honor lie has sullied. I impeach him in
the mine of the people of Ind a, whose rights
he hastrodden under foot, and whose court- 1
! trv lie fits turned into a desert. Lastly, in the
| nameol human nature itself, in the na ,- e of
both sex’s, in the name of every age, in the
| name of ‘very rank, I impeach the common
enemy an! oppressor of all!”
[W suhpin an extract front a work abound
ing in anetUote and personal and historical
information.—Wraxall’s Posthumous Me
moirs of hi**wn time. Ft presents the char
acter of HaSings in anew and more favora
ble aspre*, cnJ with greater justice we do not
“THE UNION OF THE STATES, AND THE SOVEREIGNTY Or T£ STATES.”
doubt than that drawn from cotemporaneous
opinions, and especially the views of it derived
Irom such reports of the great impeachment
trial as have come down to us. Wraxall was
tns cotemporary, and only friend so tar as he
was disposed to do justice to his character. —
This portion of the “ Memoirs” was written
in 1718.]
At this time arrived in London, from the
banks of the Ganges, where be bad so long
occupied the highest place, Governor Gener
al Hastings. He will fill too distinguished a
place in those memoirs not to trace the lea
ding features of bis character. When he
landed in his native country, he had attained
his fifty-second year, after having resided du
ring the far greater part of his memoriable
Ide either on the coast or Coromandel or in
Bengal In his person he was thin, but not
tall; of a spare habit, very bald, with a coun
tenance placid and thoughtful but when ani
mated, lull of intelligence. Never, perhaps,
did any man, who parsed the Cape of Good
Hope, display a mind more above metcenary
considerations. Ph>ced in a sitnation wheie
lie might have amassed immense wealth with
out exciting censure, he revisited England
with only a modest competence. Animated
by llie ambition of maintaining, perhaps of
extending, the dominions of the East India
Company, he looked down on pecuniary
concerns. Mrs. Hastings, who was more
attentive to that essential article, brought
home a bout forty thousand pounds, acquit ed
without her husband’s privity or approval;
hut she had the imprudence to place it in the
hands of a London merchant, who shortly af
terwaids proved bankrupt. The fact, not
the loss , chagiined Hastings, when the cir
cumstances became known to him. At this
hour, in 1818, he subsists ptincipally or wholly,
on the annuity ot lour thousand pounds a
year, conferred on him by the East India
Company ; driving nearly four miles to
church on Sundays in a one horse chair, and
exhibiting no splendor in his domestic estab
lishment. When Major Scott quitted Bengal,
the governor geeeral presented him a bond
for ten thousand pounds, intended as a re
muneration for the office of his future agent
in England, the bond, bearing interest, when
reclaimed by Scott, was paid; but not with
out causing inconvenience, or I might pecu
niary difficulty, to Hastings.
The only individual related to him by con
sanguinity. who came out to Bengal while
he remained at the bead of the government,
was a gentleman in the military service of the
company. His name was Gardiner. I be
lieve be never attained beyond the rank of a
subaltern; and he fell in the stornnngofFort
Guulior by Col. I'opham, about the year 1780.
Previous to the attack, Gardiner made bis
will on a drum bead. It began thus—
“ Whereas I have the honor of being relaled
to the Governor General; and whereas 1 pos
sess no fortune, have incurred many debts,
and have besides a mistress with tivo children,
I hereby bequeath my debts, my affairs, my
girl and my two children, to the protection of
Mr. Hastings.” The Governor General took i
the persons thus made over to him under his j
immediate care, paid llie demands, and ful
filled the will. He displayed a magnanimous
mind, as much superior to revenge as above
the desire ol accumulating riches. Lacam, a
man whom I well knew,and who planned the
formation of a harbor at Saugtir, not far from
the mouth of the Ganges, was patronized by
Hastings. Conceiving the project to be cal
culated lor public utilitp.be even lent Lacam
a large sum of money (bribe purpose carry
ing it into execution. Nevertheless when,
in 1774, Clavering, Mnnson, and Francis ar
rived at Calcutta, Lacam joined them in their
hostility to Hastings’s measures, regardless of
his preceding obligations to the governor
general. The gentleman who related this
tact to me added, *■ 1 pressed him to compel
Lacatn to repay the money, after experi
encing such proofs of his ingratitude.” “ I
cannot,” replied be. ” Why? ” was my ans
wer. “ Because,” rejoined he, Lacam is
my enemy.” “ Yet,” added the person who
communicated to me the anecdote, “ I believe,
at that time, Hastings was not worth ten
thousand pounds.”
In private life, he was playful and gay to a
degree hardly conceivable, never carrying his
political vexations into the bosom of bis
family. Os a temper so buoyant and elastic,
that the instant he quilted the council board,
where he had been assailed by every species
of opposition, often heightened by personal
acrimony; oblivious of these painful occur
rences, lie mixed in society Ike a youth on
whom care had never intruded. How classic
was his mind, how philosophic, how alive to
the elegant images and ideas presented to us
by antiquity, his imitation of Horace’s
“ Olium Divos rogat impotenu,”
may best evince. He composed it on his re
turn home to England, while on board the
vessel which brought him Irotn Bengal. His
allusion to Lord Clive,and to Alexander El
liott, the first of whom lived “ to hate his en
vied lot.” while the last perished prematurely
in the Cuttack country, (a part of the Coro
mandel coast then little known,) just as his
public career commenced; these two exem
plifies tons of the inanity of all human affairs,
and ot the misfortunes which pursue us
through life in different shapes, are perhaps
finer allusions than the Roman poet’s
“ Abstulit clarum ciia moras Achillem ;
Longa TithoiHim niinuit sen- ctus.”
The conclusion, addressed to Lord Teign
nioutli, then Mr. Shore admirably delineates
his own moderate desires, and objects of no
ble solicitude:
“ For me, O Shore, I only claim
To merit, not to seek for fame,
The good and just to please :
A stale above the fear of want,
Domestic love, Heaven’s choicest grant,
Health, leisure, peace, and ease.”
This invocation seems to have been ulti
mately realized in his person, al'ier surviving
not only the impeachment, which met him on
setting foot in his native country, but likewise
the far greater number of those distinguished
individuals who originated and conducted die
parliamentary prosecution against him. Yei
it may not be unworthy of remark, as a sin
gular fact, that his colleague and opponent,
Sir Philip Francis, as well as his successor in
the government-general of India, Sir John
Macpherson, are both now living, three and
I thirty years subsequent to the events under
j our consideration.
* Gibbon, t Mrs. Fitzherbert. J Mrs. Sheridan.
’
T'.ie challenge of Boston to run Fashion
i over the Union Course, Long Island, four miie
heats, spring 1842, for twenty thousand dol-
I lars aside, one fourth lorfeit, has been accept
ed by die Irien is of Fashion, and tin* second
Tuesday (ihe 10di) of May next, has been
named as the day of the race.—Aug. Const
Liabilities of Navigatore. —A coroner’s
i inqeest held in Ame has burg a few days since,
reiurned a vervict of manslaughter against
the pilot and steersman of ihesieamer Kings
ton, for running over a sail boat, by which a
man bv the name of Simon Cronklute, and
! his wile were drowned. —Savannah Georgian.
i Anthracite. —The Anthracite coal regions
i have this year turned out nearly 850.000 tons
I which is about 100 000 tons more than they
yielded last rear.—lb.
r i
COMMERCE OF THE UNITED STATES
From official tables exhibiting the value of
imports from, and exports to each foreign coun
try : also the tonnage of American and for
eign vessels arriving from and departing to
each t'.reign country, during tiie year ending
30th September, 1840, we gather the follow
ing tacts. The total value of imports as ex
hibited by the statistics of the register’s office,
treasury department, is The
largest amount from any one country is from
England, $33,114,133; from France, next lar
gest, $17,57^,870; from Cuba, next, $9,835-
477 ; lrotn China, $0,040,8:29. From Brazil,
Mexico, Russia, llanse Towns, British Amer
ican Colonies, between two and five millions
each, and from Sweden and Norway, Holland,
British East Indies, British West Indies, Hay
ti, Spain, Spanish West Indies, aside from
Cuba, Italy, Venezuela and Chili, the imports
were over one million each. The lowest
amount imported was from Greece, $5,138.
The total value of exports f r the same pe
riod was $135,085,940, of which sum $113,-
895,034 was of domestic produce and $lB,-
190,312 were of foreign produce. The lar
gest amount of domestic and foreign produce
went to England,valued at $57,090,882 ; the
next largest amount to France, $21,871,554;
Cuba, $0,310,515; British American Colon
ies, $6,093,250. The exports to French Gui
ana were the lowest, being but SIOO.
Os domestic produce, cotton stands at the
head, being estimated at
next, $10,143,615; then tobacco, $9,883,957;
cotton piece goods, $3,549,607; gold and sil
ver coin, $2,235,073; rice, $1,942,076, and
six other articles exceed one million of dollars.
Os the 218,190,312 exports of foreign pro
duce, $13,591,359 were iu American vessels,
of which $3,906,261 were entitled to draw
back.
Os the 7,211 American vessels which en
tered American ports, 2,843 en'ered New
York, 1,201 Massachusetts, 672 Louisiana,
353 Pennsylvania, and 318 Maine.
Os the 4,571 foreign vessels, 1,708 entered
New York, 1,132 entered ports in Maine, 703
in Massachusetts, and 252 in Lonisiana.
The 1,576,546 of American tonnage was
manned by 73,004 sailors, or one to about
every 21 1-2 tons. The 712,363 foreign ton
nage, was maimed by 41,726 sailors, or one
to 17 1 13 tons.
The amount of American tonnage which
entered the southern ports, beginning with
Maryland, was 411,153; manned by 17.906
sailors ; of foreign tonnage, 201,534, manned
by 9,283 seamen.
Os the south Atlantic states, including Ma
ryland, Georgia has the largest amount of for
eign tonnage, vis : 41,721 tons ; South Caro
lina next, 23,950 ; Naryland next, 23,903 tons.
Georgia tias more joint American and for
eign tonnage than South Carolina, Virginia
or North Carolina. From all the tables, it ap
pears that our commerce with foreign coun
tries with whom we trade to the amount of
$1,000,000 and upwards ranks as follows:
England, France, Cuba, British American
Colonies, Brazil, China. Hanse Towns, Mexi
co, Holland, British West Indies, Russia, Chi
li, Italy, Spanish West Indies, bounding Cuba,
Danish West Indies, British East Indies,
Scotland, Hayti, Trieste, Spain, Sweden and
Norway, Dutch East Indies, &c.
[Savannah Georgian.
Fn>m a late English Paper.
f THE MAMMOTH IRON STEAMER.
The first iuea of those who hear of an iron
ship is, prob bly, of something strong, but so
heavy as to be amazingly kept afloat with
difficulty, and liable to go down “ like a stone,”
as the sailor’s teini it, (lie moment she has
the mislortune to spring aleak. Now, all
this is pure imagination, and it only requires
to inspect an iron ves el while under the buil
der’s hands, to have every prejudice on the
subject removed, and to ascertain that, so
far liom being heavier and more liable to sink,
the weight of an iron vessel built of the same
degree of strength as one of wood, the exter
nal dimensions ot both being equal, will be
something less than than half that of the lat
ter; the proportion being, we believe, on an
aveiage, as seven to sixteen. A strong wood
built vessel is estimated to weigh at least six
teen hundred weight to every register ton,
the new iron ship building at Bristol, about
seven hundred weight—or in other words,
supposing a wood-built vessel of the same size
as toe Great Western Company’s new iron
sieam ship, and both to be loaded with the
same weight of cargo, the iron ship might
take in fourteen hundred tons of water by
leakage, before she would come to the same
bearing as the other. Not only, however
is the iron ship superior in lightness, but she is
far less liable to spring aleak at sea than a
wood-bu h vessel. There is scarcely a plank
tit an ordtuary ship which is not (breed into
its place, rnoie or less,contrary to the position
it would maintain it left to itselfj and this is
paiticularlv the case round the bows and in
the run of the vessel, where, after being soft,
eued and rendered pliant by saturation from
steam, it often requires considerable mechani
cal powei to biiitg the planks to what is com
monly calkd “ their birtn.”
Again, every plank, however firmly bolted
to the limbers within, is quite independent of,
and unconnected with, those above and below
it; the consequence of which is, that eveiv
wood-built vessel has a tendency to strain at
sea, whenever, as t is often needlul to do, an
unusual press ot canvass is carried on her ; the
masts in this case acting as a powerful lever
on the upper works, with which they are con
nected by the deck and beams; and the bal
last or cargo below, endeavoring ti maintain
its position by its inertia , it becomes vide.tt
that in p oportion as the vessel heels over
liom the force of the wind, so much greater
must be the strain on her weather or upper
side ; and this having a direct tendency to
ojien the seams belweeu the planks, it is by
no means uncommon lor vessels to leak under
such circumstances, which had previously
shown no svmptons of complaining: and
oltentimes the fastenings work 100-**, treenails
and bolts are partially drawn, buts started,
and the vessel becomes leaky and unseawor
thy, however new, until she has again been
overhauled by the shipwrights. All old sail
ors are perfectly aware of this, and are never
caught by a storm, on a leeshore, without
keeping a watchful eye on the pumps, as well
as the sails; but iu the case ot an iron-built
vessel, it is entirely different—every separate
sheet ol iron with which sl e is cl sod is adapt
ed to its particular situation, Irom which it
has no tendency to remove ilselt, except that
which it naturally derives from gravitation;
and as every sheet is bolted in the firmest
manner into” all those to which it adjoins,
above, and laterally, as well as to the iron ribs
or frame on ft Inch they are laid, the vessel
may be considered almost as compact as a
cylinder, and we should no more expect to find
! her leak by straining at sea, than we should
| expect to see the hiige plank of a wood-built
1 vessel open through its centre, under a similar
! circumstances.
To supply the place of a kelson, ten dis
| tinct rows ot plates are fixed to run the whole
length fore and aft on the bottom, above two
feeTdeep. and something less than that apart,
i the whole being united by a number of bonds
in the Ibrm of the letter U, the bottom o
each of which is fastened into a flooring iron,
j and the sides to the two plates between which
)l stands ; thus with superior lightlies*, secu-
[NUMBER 46.
ring the same strength, and distributing the
support so as to meet the strain on the bot
tom, wherever it may occur.
—To iusme the safety of the vessel, and
prevent her from being subject to wreck a
sea, Irom whatever cause, she will be divided
into several compartments, each of which
will be water-tight, and any two of them
capahle ol supporting die entire weight o
the vessel with considerable buoyancy,so that
if she ran into an iceberg, or were thrown
upon a rock, she would not tie liable to go
down, or endanger the lives of the passengers
so long as one end of her remained unbroken.
To this may be added the piwer other pumps,
which will he enahled, in case of any serious
leak, to throw off a quantity .f water exceed
ing seven thousand gallons, or twenty-five
tons per minute; so mat a leak which would
in five minutes sink a loaded ship of the size
of three or four hundred tons, would merely
keep the pomps of this steamer briskly at
work, to prevent the water from gaining on
her. In fact, when the ship is fairly alloat,
with good canvass aloft and a screw-pro|ieil r
below, site may be pronounced to be the most
safe and complete nautical machine with
which mankind were ever yet acquainted.
Statue op Washington. — We had the
pleasure to-day of witnessing the elevation of
Greenough’s noble statue ol Washington in
tlie rotundo ot the capitol. May it be as im
perishable as his fame, and the capitol it con
secrates as immovable. Then may ours be
truly called the Eternal City, and our Union
without end.
Tlie statue is simple, sublime, naked majes
ty. A Greek, of the lime of Ferities, would
take it fur an Olympian Jove. It is collossal,
but die likeness is admirably preserved.
The figure is sitting, and naked to the
waist. A mantle thrown across from the mid
dle covers the lower jioriion of the body to
the feet.—Globe, Ist ins!.
The statue of Washington (by the Ameri
can sculptor Greenough) was yesterday rais
to its lofty pedestal in the center of the great
rolundo of the capitol, and is now uncovered
to public view. The President of the United
Stairs was present, with a large number of
citizens during the elevation of the statue.
The operation was directed by the same en->
ergetic citizens who were employed to remove
it from the Navy Yard ; end it is no little
praise to the skill and care of all concerned
in the work, that it has been completed with
out accident, and without the slightest injury
to the statue. Pretending not to be judges
of such things, vve would venture with gieat
diffidence any opinion on this collossal work
of art; but we must say that the first view
of it has impressed us with deep admiration.
The attitude is dignified; the resemblance of
the head and features to the best jiortraits of
the hero, striking and marked by the grandeur
and repose which distinguished the counte
nance of the great original. Asa whole, the
work strikes us as worthy of the subject, and
of the magnificent hall iu which it is placed,
and which for the Senate is itself so noble a
receptacle. —Nat. lilt.
Correspondence of the Boston Mercantile Jowroat.
Bangor, Nov. 22, 1841.
The Northeastern Boundary Commission
ers, I understand, have completed their ex
parte labors, with the exception ot Major Gra
ham, who has been unfortunately delayed by
reason of a dense smoke which filled the re
gion where he was located. Six weeks of
his time have been unoccupied in the business
of the commission in consequence, lie vv ill
leave the line for the fall and winter, some
where in the vicinity of the St. John River,
and at about thirty miles distant from the
northeast angle of the state.
Professor Henwick, who ran the line from
the N. E. angle, along the highlands, to the
N. W. angle, arrived at his terminus on the
20th of October, and returned home by the
way of Quebec. The part of his party under
Mr. Laljy returned by this route. The high
lands are of a description that leaves no doubt
of their identity with those mentioned in the
treaty.
Capt. Talcott, who ran the westerly line to
the N. W. angle, arrived there a short time
previous to Professor Renwick’s party. The
British commissioners followed directly upon
Capt. Talcott's line to the Highlands. They
have left for the winter, and will not again go
upon it until the spring. The fact that they
were satisfied that Captain T.’s line is the
true one, augurs favorably to the settlement
of the whole line in our favor. The British
officers on the Temiscouta Lake went over
the ground and examined some part of the
survey, on the Highlands, and, it is said, ex
pressed themselves satisfied with the justness
of the American claim. The sources of the
rivers running into the St. Lawrence, and
into the Atlantic, were discovered, and fre
quently at no great distance apart.
The land throughout this region is remark
ably sterile. The growth is mostly fir. The
cliina'e is cold. The earliest snow this sea
son fell on the 18th October; 1 believe later
than usual. When the party left on the2o.h,
the snow was six inches deep.
The joint commission will probably go upon
the line some time next year; and doubtless
before the year 1843 lias expired, ilie much
vexed boundary question will be settled in our
favor.
The above information I have from one of
the “ Highland” party. Our lumbermen are |
going largely into their business the coining
winter. Seldom, if ever have more teams
been fitted out than there have been this fall.
One man, I am told, sends two hundred men
into the woods. How many others send as
many, lam not informed. If we have much
snow, and the usual spring rains to bring
down the lumber, the coming year, business
will be unusually brisk upon the Penobscot.
Murder —We learn that a most brutal
murder was committed about lour miles liom
this city, at the residence of Mrs. Heard, on
the Milledgeville road, on Monday morning
lat. Just before daylight the family were
disturbed by piteous ciies and groans, and on j
examining the negro quarters, from whence!
the sound proceeded, a negro woman by the!
name of Bynah, about ffiiv years of age, the’
property of Mrs. Heard, was found in the,
last agonies of death; her head being split j
open by an axe, which was found close by,j
bloody. A coroner’s inquest was held ovei
the body yesterday, and the jury, after hear
ing the testimony, brought in as tlieir verdict,
that tlie deceased came to her death by blows
infl eted by an axe by son.e jrerson or |>ersotis
unknown.
Strong suspicions rest on a negro bov by
the name of Anderson, belonging to Mrs.
Heard, and he is now confined in jail.
[Augusta Const. Dec. 7.
Remnants of the Ball.—Since the grand
ball to the Prince in Boston was over, we
find in one of the journals exposed for sale at
auction, the following fragments used to dec
orate the Faneuil Hall: 500 yards Kiddermin
ster carpeting, used in the Hall and drawing
rooms; 500 yards Manilla hemp carpeting,
used on the entries and stairs ; 10 mahogany
hair cloth sofas and a superb couch, made ex
pressly for the occasion. It was placed in a
splendid silk canopy, under which the prince
was received. Ten cut glass entry lamps
and thirty pairs of splendid gilt candelebras
and jjirandelcF, raw and elegant patterns
From the Federal Union.
HONORS TO THE ILLUSTRIOUS DEAD..
The appended Report and Resolutions were
introduced int > the llouse of Represents ves
on Saturday, 20th ult. by Col. Clark. of Cam
den, Chairman of the Joint Committee on the
part of the House.
The character and public services of the
Hon. Johx Forsyth are yet to be apprecia
ted. His tame belongs to the eulogist and
historian, and they will hereafter place him
side by side on the glowing roll of patriotism*
at whose head stands the great name of
Thomas Jefferson Like him, John Ft rsyth
gave anew Territory to the Union, ilia
beautiful Florida—the land of flowers, will
yet complete with the Crescent State of the
South West, the fair, the charming,the mag
nificent Louisiana. But it is not for us to
notice his many and important public-services
as they should be noticed. We therefore
content ourselv es tor the present, with placing
before our readers the very pertinent report
of the Hon. gentleman horn Camden.
“ The Jnt Committee appo nled in obedi
ence to a Resolution of the House of Repre
sentatives, expressive of ‘‘the deep sense of
respect entertained for the public services of
the late Hon. John Forsyth,” and asking “am
official manifestation of that respect for the
memory of an individual, so highly distinguish
ed m the Councils of Georgia, the National
Legislature, and in the Cabinet of the United
States,” beg leave tc repost.
That the people of Georgia have heard,
with feelings of deep and unfeigned regret,
of ilie decease of this distinguished citizen,
whose eminent talents and elevated political
cireer ha> through a long si ri sos years,,
shed lustre not only upon this Slate, but upon
thq whole Union. Entering public life at a
period of extreme youth, and at an early day
in the history of the Republic, John Forsyth
rose at once to the first rank ; with unequalled
rapidity att; hied political eminence ; in which
elevated sphere he continued to move with
splendor and applause——exemplifying the
statesman, dignified and firm; the orator,,
brilliant and beautiful ; and the gentleman,
whose elegant deportment and honorable
bearing a traded universal admiration and re
gard.
First, the Attorney General of Georgia;
then its Represt ntative in Congress; the Em
bassador of the Nation at a Foreign Court;
subsequently the Chief Magistrate of this.
State, and its Senator in Congress, and finally*
Secretary of State of the United States;
John Forsyth discharged the duties of these
several stations with a brilliancy, a readiness,
and an ability which lew may expect toequal;
none to rival; iu all of them maintaining the
honor, and sustaining the interests both of this
State and of the Nation.
As the immediate Representative of Geor
gia, John Forsyth e; r'y ri.eted the attention,
and secured the affections of its citizens, by
his great talents, and his commanding powers
of eloquence, and the promptness with which
he employed them iu vindicating their honor,
and in defending their peculiar and exclusive
rights. Occasional differences of opinion,
and embittered party excitements, have never
withdrawn that atteuion, nor dislodged those
affections; and the jieopJe of Georgia now
mourn his death as a great National bereave
ment, sensibly felt by the State of which his
talents and eloquence made him so distin
guished an ornament; and by the Nation, in
whose service much of his life was spent, and
for the protection of whose honor and interest
some of his greatest iutellectual efforts were
made.
It is, therefore, most fit and proper thit the
Representatives of the people of Georgia, here
assembled, should, in a becoming manner,
acknowledge the magnitude and importance
of the public services of this accomplished cit
izen, through a long and eventful political
career, and testify to the country in an impo
sing form, their just appreciation of one of the
distinguished men of the age, whose career is
identified with that of the Naiion—and with
this view the committee present the following
resolutions, and ask for them the unanimous
concurrence of this Legislature.
Resolved, That we have received, with
feelings of deep and sincere regret, the intel
ligence of the death of the lion. John For
syth, and that his talents, his eloquence, and
the valuable public services rendered by him,
justly entitle his memory to an official mani
festat on of respect by the Legislature of
Georgia.
Resolved, That we hold in proper estima
tion his efforts, in times of difficulty, to pre
serve the rights, promote the interests, and
sustain the honor of the State of Georgia.
Resolved, That this report and resolutions
be sent to tin Governor, for his concurrence,
and that he be requested to transmit a copy of
them to the family of the deceased.
LOSS OF THU STEAMER SAVANNAH,
And probable loss of part of the crew and pas
sengers.—The Savannah, Chptain Crane, left
New York for Charleston, at noon, on Friday,
26th November. On the following day it
blew a violent gale from the N. E. On Sun
day it blew a gale from the S. E., which
shifted to N. YV., the ship laboring very hard,
and in consequence of being deeply laden
with coal and other freight. It was discovered
on the same evening, about 7 o'clock, that she
had sprung aleak. All hands were then set
to work to bale out the water ; notwithstand
ing all efforts, it gained so much, that the fire
was put out about 9 o’clock, the vessel sink
ing fast. The only resource then left was to
take to the boats. YVe were then twenty
two miles east of Hatteras, in fourteen fath
oms water. The captain took one of the
quarter boats, with his wife and son, the wife
of the second steward, two of the passen
gers,d and steward and stewardess, two
other females, and some of the crew—in all
twelve —and left the steamer at 10 o’clock,
P. M.; the other quarter boat left with the
first engineer and one o her. Instantly, as
the captain and first mate left the vessel, we
tried to hoist the squaresail, in hopes of run
ning her ashore, in doing which it caught a
stauncheon and split all to ribins ; all hope
of running her ashore was therefore cut off.
YY r e then riggeJ our two small boats and
left as soon as poss.blr, with a little bread and
cheese, and a small quantity of water, with
the hope of reaching the shore on the follow
ing morning—a dreadful sea running at the
time. There were seven in one boat, and
eight in the other. YVe kept in company for
about two hours, as they had a compass and
we none. We separated the next morning.
We found ourselves in the Gulf Stream,
our boat leaking badly, and the provisions
spoiled in consequence. YY r e had at this time
but a bit of cheese, and no water. Our boat
nearly swamped twice; but trusting in a
merciful God, w T ho alone was able to save, we
drifted about from 11 o’cbxtk Sunday until
Tuesday at 10 o’clock. Our sufferings w ere
great for the want of water, and nearly worn
out from fatigue, when we were fallen in with
by the schooner YY’arren, Captain Hancock,
(of Hancock, Me.) from Boston for Charles
ton, at the time eighty miles east of Hatteras.
Too much praise cannot be given to Captain
YVooster, and Mr. Spencer, the owner; also
to the passengers and crew of said vessel, for
their more than kind and humane treatment
to us while on board. The following are the
names of the persons saved by the schooner;
John Cain, 3d mate ; John Ash we I,lst cook :
YVm. Moore. 2d steward; Joseph Handy, 2d
cook; YV. B. Stoddard, J. Evans, and J.
M’Donaid, firemen.—Charleston Mercury.
A Tifficult Child to Rear. —A h le
and hearty female peasant, named Marie P or,
who resides in the faubourg of Maubege,
(Nord) and who has just entered her hun
dredth year, having latterly lost one of her
daughters, more than eighty years of age, re
marked, with tears in her eyes, to a sympa.
thizing old crone of the neighborhood, “Ah !
Die * de Dieu ! I always said that I shouid
never rcai that ch id'. ” —Preach paper,