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the times',”
is published every Wednesday mornins,
” the grakite iiilbik,
Corner of Oglethorpe and Randolph rtreets, hr
JT. POKSITH, & W. E. JETER,
/” PROPRIETORS.
Dollar, per annum, payable
...KAnaaiyrna leaner, tor ,icr,|m.,to ‘
No paper will he itieconthued while any arrearage'*
la one, unless at the option ol’ the proprietor, and
FOUR bum. AR, will in all baoxaetett Jhe're
payment is not made before the expiration of the
aubacriplion year.
a lv:Yl L'S inserted at
Oxk UiUiR per *ne ii m<l eil wortls,for the first
lusortiou,an.i turn; CK.vrs for er cry subsequent j
Eouimnnnce..
Am. AovKttTisKMßrtTS, sent to us Without sperify- ’
* n the lumber of insertions desired, will be eon- :
tinued until ordered out, and e'mrged accordingly/ i
Lko vL AovKnrxsKUjcxrs published at the usual
rates, and with strict attention to tile requisitions
of the law. !
Shkrik*’*, Svt.Rs under regtllaf executions,must !
be advertised tor THinrir davs; under mortguge
ti fa*,stxrv days before the day of sale.
Salks of Lhiul and Negroes, hv Executors, Ad- ;
uiiuistraiors or Guaidians, for sixty days before
the day of sale.
Salks of personal property ffexcept negroes) forty
DAYS.
Citations by Clerks of Courts of Ordinary, upon
application for letters of administration are tube j
published for thirty days.
Citations upon application for dismission, by !
Executors, Administrators or Guardians, tnoatlr
ty for SIX MONTHS.
Ordkks of Courts of Ordinary, (accompanied with
a copy of tba bond, or agreement) to make title
to laud, must be published three months.
Notices by Executors or Administrators or Guard
ians, of application to the Court of Ordinary for
leave to sell the Land or Negroes of an estate,
FOUR MONTHS.
r Notices by Executors or aduinist rators, to the
, Debtors and Creditors of an estate,for six weeks
i fry Letters to the proprietors on business, must
be post Paid, to entitle them to attention *
LAW NOTICES.
William B. Martial,
SOLICITOR AND ATTORNEY AT
LAW.
Office, in Girard, Alabama.
Respectfully tendvrs ins professionu
services to the publi; generally ; bo takes this
method of apprising his patrons, tnat be makes no j
collections for less than ten per cent, on any sum i
wot exceeding one tnousuml d>llars, his reasons for
tills publi :ation,is to g v ; general n >Dce to those who
have already intrusted him with their business witi
out special contract ; that they may tyi:|i<lruw the
same if they prefer, and a'l future patrons if any, may
expect tJ be governed by this r-o'iee.
YYM. B. MARTIN.
| January 8, 184? 2 —ly
LAW NOTICE.
William H. Pryor
HAS settled himself in the Town of LaG range,
Troup county, Geoigia, and will piactice j
law in ihe counties of Troup, Meriwether, Cowe a,
sCamaball, Carroll and Heard, of Lie Coweta Cncmi
Muscogee and Talboiuf die Gliatti
hoocheT'jSi'l*'}’
Live 51 —ly
TayiiV * Uonckc,
A T T O Ii N A T L A W;
ICOTHDKRT, Ga.
rNUE 4imlersigned having iigsoeia ed tncl&Sk*Jv£s
JL in the praeiicj of i h*o Luw,-will give theiraF-r
tontion t b ismess confided t fheui in the Coun
ties of Ran Jo.ph. Early, Baker, Le**, Suinter, Dooly
and l)jcatur in the Southwestern, and Stewart of the
Cnattahooc tee circu* t*. 1 They will aso attend the
courts m Barbour and Henrv counties in Alabama.
WILMAM TA YL')R.
LEyVIS A.GuNKKE.
Noreraii’er ¥$ ■M’-M 1 . 4(r— 1 v.
Charles S, Reese,
ATTORNEY. AT LAW;
Cr..V)VFotu> Ala
Sept. 18, V?IP. 38—1y7
li. SI. EJalt,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Albany, B’aUer County, Ga.
J in f. 1845 I—if
|k John 31. Rclliune,
Attorney at la W;•
Columrijs, Ga.
OHFcg in Hooper’s Range of b.uddiugsyon die \\ est
side of Bioad Street, opposite the Market-House.
He will practice itiCie counties of the Chattahoochee.
Circuit. Feb 21. 184*4 B— if
Burks A SlupSicuson,
ATfOKNEYS AT LAW;
TA-LBOTTON, OA.
nucs M. DORKS, >
t. BTEDHBNSON 4
cal pVft 48.J844 __ 9 —ls
repress t-- Law somcik.-
1 trves fir hive A.
al ‘iCTdldfib ffe lfe f of ,hc ’
* ] J-d in the name
have done \ \v hat^jpfcgjecied lS.
their# vy’D sa ,
fl'C t rpi a. May 1843 — 22
CCLUUITT & COO It,
/ ATTORNEY’S AT LAW;*
J,\ CIMNGE, GEORGIA.
Will practice in the bounties of Troup, Meriwether,
Goweta, Fayette, and Carroll.
Walter T. CoL<ft v iTT, Columbus, Gu.
Wm. C. D. Cook, La Grange.
April. 88’ ‘ ___2±l!L
DISSOLUTION. .’
fWVHS Law firm of IVERSON, FORSYTH
A JL & M’EROS', is dissolved by he retirement ol
H. V, MlilUS. Esq. The b isiness of the ofihe
will ha cooti.iui-d by Alfred ive.sun, and John Fur-
Byth, under die at)le of
IVERSON & TOUSYTIf.
p. have removed to ill e new building
Eiuisidcof Broad Street, near the Market. Office
gp stairs, over M. B.annan’sSlare.
Noy 20, 1344. 47—f
( y&k -Ur. Will’ll Joiu^
puhi'bSe rosp.o fully Jforuicd that this
■ Academy vjf l be o|ionedjgMonday dantipry
13th. 1645, und.-rW’ Mr. C. P. WILL
OOX, a era luate® Yale ipflt ge. The Trusters
take pleasure in’rn%i!tirf*in Mr. WiKtftjt to the
favorable notice or pairuna of thi-* Insti
tution, as every wav to discharge th- rus
ponsible duties as a d eidler.
Primary
Classical > 8 00
Ar samue\boy'ictn. ‘i 5
f ANDERSEN HUNT, Ii
X WILEY idiyONKS. fS
WM. H. AwfCIIELL j
~~ 7 CLASSICAL T T
AND
IttATHBIttATICAJL SCHOOL.
THE subscriber iiifurnis the ptihlic
that ho wifj resume his labors ori Monday the
6th January, in the house, which he occupied during
the past year, adjoining Mrs. Tickner;
Studbnts are prvpa eJ for anv coilegu which either
Parents or Guardians may doiignate. The price
for tuition will vary according to the braneh.es which
the student is directed to study, from §6 to sl2 60
persessiun ofdbven weeks.
W. B. LEARY.
Dec, lb. _ 62 —i f
MOODY dt IMJ.RII.
ARE reedving ati enti e NEYV STOCK of
Groceries and staple goods from New York
and New Orleaiw, which have bjen pure hosed since j
i iho clcGlina in pricoi. CotiM 8t ng rd’every variety
1 of article* usually p irchased by the farmers. We j
lnvu taken a fine lurgi*store,'about the cenuo of the j
I city, opposite the Mgrkvt-house, where we intend I
I keeping as goxl a stock aa can be fomd : , in the city.
I Wo have made Dir arr -.ngeinents to do b isme?B strict-
I ly upon the 4*js!t sysf.em by which too -,ii- wo
■ ahad be, able to keep a good stouk,and sdl/ow, which
kl is an impor aul ion these hud timov.
II Co’umbUs ‘in f Dec 26th 1814 52— ly.
|f Note—'l’be change bills of ihe City Council o
U Columbus will be taken at par the Mt. no av other I
■ money- m !
Bt ‘ SKfcßtflis.
IWANT to lure tjp a out negro felloivs, for
liich libural wuaw%H ho paid.
\UIX& UtUOVYKLL.
w)t Colttmbtis Cintcs.
FORSYTH & JETER, ed.tohs.]
PSALMS ANI/iIYtYINS,
AUAPI’KIS and ptib* C worship,
in the PrcsimLrian (jMtrck, .approvi and ai:d au
’ tboi ised by the jjMte tnbiy, latest edition.
| HYMNS fir tlie J \teiKidisl Epifcopai
I Church, principally collec*im ofiheßev.
! John Wesley, A tMjr loateed an t corrected with a
; .supplement an if an hMe\\ cts ofihe Hymns
and eiegaiu bu . anJ at the publishers
; price in New at the NcHjmkiak Store.
NEW
B ItA 11. lYs ikh) !i JOS <> N,
IN
Foreign ami Drapslir, Fancy and
H. & A. BADLE/> V
CHAS, \
Haflrolpii St. ukumbus, Ga.
Not. r 6,18 y 45— if
HARDWARE, &:e.
ft f\ r ° ns Jron
Ow 15 Tons Castings.
lUtO Pair Traces.
3000 YY r eediHg Hoes.
50 I) z Cdtins Axes.
300 Casks Nair’s*
Together with an extensive assortment of
! For sale lower than ever off ied in tis market bv
HALL 4’ MOSES. ‘
East side broad street, above th-* market.
January, 1 1545, i —6lll
SIEW GOODS ! NEW GOODS ! f
E subscriber is now receiving at the old store
A former y occup ed by Messrs. Stewart &
Fo int line, ami more recently by Messrs. Hill. Daw.
son & Cos, an entire new and Cesiiable assortment oj*
iw
FAMILY oaoeeuics SiC. &C. ;
< which he off .r* t> the public ut prices u> suit the!
times. H. McKAY.
Dec. 4, 1=44. 49—f
FALL. AND YYINTLR
S. B . HA MIL T O N,
door to James Kivlitt.)
TTH’ AS eommer ced receivirrg a large fituck of Fall
JTJI and YVinter Clothing, which will be sold cheap
Lrßjv^h-
Cloaks aisd Overcoats.
Beaver, Pilot Flushing Over coats and Frock
B no, Black, Olive. Grt... and Brown, Frock and
DressGtats. Cuss Twede and Sattinett Sack and
Fr‘'ck C4a's, Kentucky Jeans Frock, Dress and
Skck Coats,
Fautaloous.
BlackandHuieUl.it uuJCue* Pan's, \
Hi goaal. Piaid ands un:y Cass do.
fcSaunet, Twcede mid Jeans do
Vests.
PI dji V’ t. :V , ’£ 0 - i* vi.*}aiia*V ,*•—-, -i, l
Fit “ “
Wooen “ “
Clo|'i,Caph nand
Gcul’s DiossitigGouiids.
Flats'and Cup<.
Mr-riii ). L unbs and Flannel shirts and drawers,
White and-colored Li’ en and Mukliil
S'nspcntlers, fcffo ka, Collars.. Cravats and Gloves
Colton, Silk and Merino half hose.
Si k and Cotton Umbrellas &c.
Octobci 2d 1844. 43—ts _ 1
Just Received per Steamer Mo
tioiif
A SPLENDID ASSORTMENT OF
DRY GOODS,
Odhsisting of rrlhny new and desirable style*. AH
of which, will be disposed of on the most fivorabt
terms The public are respectfully invited to cul.
and examine the
IVES & BROTHER.
Nov. 27.J341 48—If
GOfcNCIL C2IAUBEB, (
. Jan. 18.1845 )
I am dVected by a resolution of CyJbml to have
ihe foliowVg Ordinances published infhSjoluuibu.s
Enquirer and \o!tiinbus Tunes. (
In le.ard so numiir g a dray withob£#< ense, hiring
out horses anti <\riiag> s, and alsh Jiegroes hiring
iheir own timtxhaJJiv.ng on lots ap JM tro.u the if o\\
Rcstolvnd, fieri u trjfcrsons running n
.dray for hire, witlifYtfV corpQrutdpunits of the city
v'ithoul a iicn ie sWiilXc iinedJß- each and eve y
<ff--nce, in the gum oVl’tV Ddl®! ; on inforuotio:i
ofauch a violation beiVg iilijile mjwn to the Marshal
it shall be his duty to dray, and detain
il in Ins posse? B'on is pftl I.
Resolved t That anyXpeflftp or perpoca who
aliall trespass upoil the riglMwoC Livery Stables by
hacking within the corpora* l/t\its of this Ciiv, up
on info inatioh received ts miJl i violatibn, such per
sod or persona slmU be firhpwihe sum of live dollars
for each and every violatfl[,nKul upon failure to pay
such fine, the clerk shallMqce®! to tas ie executions
against such person or rM <ms tresspassi-’g, and
the Marshal proceed ftuKwuh ttmollect said tine.
N* slave shall jiiraff i/ own tw, in the city of
Cd'uinbus, or sh ill lot Skere his or her
owner or Guardian Bcs, and forßach and every
case Jwhero any cein®Blial! b 1 * gfuiltym^su'.h oDimce,
the owner or OYVnerflniaii pay the Silnw'live dollars
mic wvTiici mi u j'dj nit; bu live uu’ in a
per and ly, and any puffori or persons hMag su<li ne
groes sltali'p ly xUtMtkjb atjm bffive dolMs, and uny
i:ch nejne or nefioos for each elfencm shdil be
taken up by ihe Manfehal, ami shall bo by him
till the owner shfclljfay the fine and jailfee.
No free pera<M oybolor shall be allowed to live se
parate from thjpojf where his or her g lardian sh ill
live, and f<>r *Etwiri<l every buc-H oflence, they’.shall
be find in the sum of ten and illars per day, and that the
Mar>h il t e ord< red to see t*ese strictly
enfoiced. CALVTN STUATTUN, Cl’k.
Jan. 29 5—2
NOTICE.
THE Subscriber has bought out the mtcrefc’
of Mr. K. O. HOWARD in the LIVER Y
STABLE known as Howard & Hutcher's. And
has? appointed Mr. George 1. Pitts as his duly au
thorised agent totf’.lend to the sumo.
WILSON LT2ARY.
net 1814 52—2 m
CLAY MONUMENT, — We SllllU.d SUppOSt’
that the federalists, having seen the folly of
running Mr. Clay lor thfe Presidency, would
not wish lo rush into the crowning act of lol
ly, of building a monument to his memory.
Let thorn bethink themselves that monuments
in memory of the illustrious and sainted dead
—of Washington aud Jellerson, wbu were
truly benefactors of their race—have not yet’
been erected. In the name of all that is
glorious in patriotism, let not the greatest
living demagogue lake precedence of those
“immortal names that were not horn lo die.”
We would suggest that the money raised
for this purpose, t rough sufficient to raise a
monument lout should ‘-pierce the clouds,”
would be belter appropriated* tb pay- Mr.
Clay's uosiage bill, and lo make up to the
“silly ones” their losses in belling. If, how
ever, it must go up, we propose die following
msoriisi m : •>
In immonjnf lion. Henry Clay , “a dis
tinguished uiator, a daring political asjiiranl,
rind Jour times a defeated candidate fur the |
Presidency.”
Erected by the ‘‘Monumental Bronzd
Parly.” A. D. 1715.
The cotton factory of Mr. A. Buckner,
of Mourn Pleasant, near Columbia, Tenn.,!
was destroyed by fire on the Bth inst. Loss
$ 12,-Mo.< ”, I
TltE UXIOSf OS’ THE STATES, AJiD THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATES.
COLUMMJS, GA. WEDNESDAY. FEBRUARY 5, 1845.
eONDRENNID.UL.
SPEECH OE AIK. YANCEY,
OF ALABAMA,
4 Concluded .)
Having lltus given expression to my own
views upon the point on which the Secretary
ol'Siate lias beeu assailed, I asked the indul
gence of the Coiruni’.tee while 1 address my
self to the reasons why Great Britain is so
deairrftis of atFecling abjlilion of our slave
property.
Tae statistical history of the world has de
monstrated the immense superior.ty of a sys
tem of associated slave labor over free indi
vidual labor in every species of tropical cul
tivation ; while those regions are now, as of
old, ihe great sources of commercial wealth
and grandeur to the civilized nations of the
temperate zone. To them enlarged com
mercial enterprises are directed, and It is to
the capacity of their inhabitants to consume
the productions of the older civilized Slates
that industry must look for its reward. To
secure to herself pre-einminence in this vast
market, and to infuse new vigor into Iter vast
system, England lias been endeavoring to
rear up her East Inda possessions, with a
population of near ninety millions, as the
great competitor of the oilier nations of the
world in the productions ol cotton, bugar, and
indigo. In a moment of fanaticism, though
under protest of her wisest and most sagaci
ous statesman, Lord Wellington, she, had
abolished slavery in her West India islands.
The result, so lar from answering the anlict
pations of the friends us the measure, who
made ft under the seducing theory that free
labor wag clica, cr tlisru slave labor, lias
proved the utter fallacy and suicidal charac
ter of the move. A report of a select com
mittee,- to the British I’arliament, made July
25, 1313, speaks of the result as having
“caused serious, and in some cases ruinous,
injury to the proprielors of estates in those
colonies,’’ (West Indies,) “as to have caused
many estates, lotherto prosperous and produc-
I tive, to he cultivated for two or three years
at cousid'ereble loss, and others to be aban
doned.’’
The Assembly of.lamica, irr 1835, speaks,
in its address to the Governor, of “seeing
large portions ot our neglected cane fields be
ing overrun with weeds, and a still larger
extent of our pasture lands returning to aslate
of nature ; seeing, in fact, desolation alrea
dy overspreading the very face of the land, n
is impossible for us, w ithout abandoning the
evidences of our own senses, to entertain
favorab e anticipations, or to divest ourselves
of the paintul convictions that progressive &
rapid deieiioratiosi of property will continue
to keep pace with the system of apprentice
ship, and that the termination tiiereul must
complete the ruin <*f the colony.” The ex
l ports ofJaiuica, in 1805, two years before the
l aboiititm of the s ave trade, w ere over 137,
j 000 blips, of sugar, and above twenty fair
million pounds o.’ eoffee. In 1841, after hav
ing ieii Ihe lair oil icts of Iho abolni >n pol.cy
those exports were reduced to thirty thous
and hints, of sugar, and about eight milium
p muds entree ! Tnuidnd, Si. Vincent, and
British Guiana 1 where the same policy has
seen pursued,: II exhibit the same speaking
symptoms ol commercial ruin,
j To the mortification of perceiving her uiice
| rich and flourishing colonies prostrated by her
I own acts, England has to ad.l that of finding j
) her vast East India possessions at a stand
st:1!. By a reportofa recent date, ofasolecl I
eoumiittcaiin East India produce, made to !
the British Parliament, we are informed that
“the imports from 18 0 to 18J5 amounted to
nine hundred and sixteen millions rupees ;
and in the ensuing ten years, to seven hun
dred and ninety-eight millions, showing a de
’crease of one hundred and eighteen million
rupees lor the past leu years ; and this during
a peiiod of genural peace, increusing’civihza
tien, and every possible advantage for the
development of the trade ol'the country.”—
The e\i lence submitted by that report, show s
too, that “comparing tbe years 1819 to 1335.
with years 1802 to 1817, there has decreased
of tonnage of all nations, entering the port ol
Calcutta, of 192,182 ions.”
The above extracts, which might be mul
tiplied to volumes, but which are sufficient
for the purposes of this debate, show, ollici
ally the true coud lion ol England in ‘respect
to tropical cultivation. To tathom her de
signs and views fully, il is necessary to lake
the same rapid glance at her great antagonist
interests —the cullivation ot tropical produc
tions by slave labor:
Brazils, Iron) 1805 to‘lßll, the period in
which I have reviewed ihe statistics ol Ja
maica,'increased her productions from 400,-
000 ca t. of sugar, and 24,001),000 lbs. of
coffee, to 2,400.000 cwl. of sugar, and 135,-
000,000 lbs. es Coffee.
Porta Rico, twenty years since, ‘ imported
sugar for its own use, but now exports one
hundred thousand cwt-
hi Cuba, Turnbull, an intelligent English
traveller, informs us, “in 1837, liie date of
the latest official ret urns, the sugar exported
amounted to 9,060,053 ambusol 25 lbs. each :
Whereas, in 1821), ihe earliest period for
which I could find a corresponding return,
the exports of sugar did not exceed 6,533,-
428 ambits. Ip ihe same way, the exports
of coffi-e which, in 1837, were 8.1116,567
arobas, in 1529 did not exceed 1,738,257
arobasj so that tire increase of these two
principal staples exported in the course of
eight years haa been nearly 20 per cent.”—
Continues the writer: “Independent of the
dry details ol statistical tables, the advance
of the island towards a high degree of agri
cultural and commercial prosperity is obvious
at a glance.”
Now torn yrrarattention to this Union.—
The following table speaks eloquently of our
agricultural and commercial prosperity.
United States-
Exports increased from, in 1766, 520,205.156
“ “ torn 1858, 108,436 616
Ot this, ia 1790, of cotton exported but 42,285,000
1818, “ “ 61 556 811
1700, of tobacco ” 4,349 567
1338, -‘ “ 7 392 029
1840, “ “ 9.881957
1790, of rice “ 1,751,796
1838, “ “ 1,721,319
Averago, however, of rice, of twelve years
previous, about ‘ 2,225.000
Os manufactures exported—
in 1803, when first reported $1,355,000
1838. exported 8.397.078
1791, ofjtour “ 4.591 293
1818, “ “ 3.603 290
1791), of lumber “ 1,263 534
1638, •* “ 3,116,196
It shows, too, the immense-disparity of
the exports bei ween the Norih and Smtli;
that the South.—the slave-holding region—
the slave labor of the country, is the maiu
! spring of that almost unparalleled advance in
wealth and commercial importance which
has distinguished the United Stalls and ex
cited the envy and astonishment of Europe.
Now, I ask a calm and dispass onai re
view of the picture thus drawn of the situa
tion of the two rfVal industries of the world
| —the free and the slave labor. One, though
I aided _by, tbs power, the grandeur, and
the known sagacity of one of the greatest
powers on earth, is gradually falling behind
in the great race of commercial competition.
The other, seeming to derive renewed vigor
from the decaying fortunes of its rival, is
springing forward with an elasticity and
speed thalwill soon defy rivalry. And llmik
you England is blinded to this! And can
not gentlemen see in all this sufficient caus
es to account for tbe sternly pursued policy
of Great Britain to abolish that slavery “eve
ry where,” which is snatching frort her die
ir.dent of the ocean, and dooming her to be
come a second rate, when she has ever
haughtily claimed to be the first power! Or
must they, to itive a reasonable ground for
her course, conjuro up the phantom of out
raged humanity, beckoning on that giant na
tion to redress her long unavenged Wrongs!
England, the champion of humanity ! The
first to legalize the slave trade, she clung to
it with a tenacity which belied her boast
ed philanthropy. Her monarchs granted
charters to her eminent citizens to monopo
lize tile traffic in human flesh ! ller Parlia
ment sustained them by subsid es of money.
And the Government of England, in 1713 by
treaty of Utrecht, bargained lor the exclusive
privilege of supplying the Spanish dominions
w ith slaves for thirty years. And in thi?
cent my’s trade in slaves, it is estimated tiiat
she has made 4)63(7,000,000.
England govern tier policy by dictates of
humauily! Where slept her humanity,
while the arms of her East India Company
swept in desolation and unhea and ot rapacity |
over the fertile anil populous Ind ! Sir, the
gorgeous eloquence of one of her own gifted
statesman will preserve, as long as humanity
lias a votary, those attrocities and crimes, for
the indignation ol mankind.
To what q mrier are the eyes of her phi
lanthropists now turned, that they see not
and expose not ihe present system of slavery
which exists in purls of her dominions, and
of tyramcal oppression of the ryotts, which
exists all over her vast East India domains !
Or is that what is meant by humauily
wh.cli induced lior to line the coast ofCliiua
with her navy—to dismantle her fortresses
—to sack her town—:o slaughter her chil
dren, in order to lorce them to buy her pois
onnus drugs, and thus increase her pecuniary
gains?
Look at her parliamentary reports, and tell
me if that is her view of the obligations im
posed by humanity, in which she descries
and contemplates oven now to import exten
sively African laborers? And for what!
To lorce the in serablo wretches victims of
her mistaken policy, to longer labor and al
cheaper fates.
It is such humanity as keen sighted interest
and vaulting ambition generates, that stie
may outstrip tlie world in commercial enter
prise. No nation has ever been guided by a
more sagacious & effective policy to maintain
than she; and her designs upon Texas, and
through Texas upPii the Union! are parts of
that grand system for which she is now strug
gling.
And bow are the designs met ? Sir, the
champions of her robber policy towards Chi
na find no conscientious scrupples which tor
hid theif co-operation in a similar system
against this nation. The code of morals
which furnishes an excuse for the one is
sufficiently loose to justify an abjuration of
all constitutional obligations to defend the
institutions of one’s native land. English
interests find abettors now, U3 formerly, on
American soil, under cover of reverence lor
the opinions of our ancestors. The gen
tleman from Massachusetts, (Mr. Wmtlirop)
who lias addressed the House on this subject,
tells us gravely, “it would be well for us to
have some remembrance of what were the
opinions of our ancestors oil this question
oi slavery.” Aye, sir; ! agree 4 if would be
well. Our ancestors were as hardy, as clear
headed, and as pure minded a set ol men as
ever breathed. They had no difficulty in
settling the question of slavery upon a per
manent footing. And yes some us their de
scendants are heard, at this day, prating of
their consciences and their enlarged views
ol l.berty. And men of to day, as it were
gravely urge, as an excuse for their traitor
ous designs, that the Declaration of Inde
pendence declared black, as well as white, to
be free, and that our ancestors so understood
it. Sir, neither our ancestors as a body, nor
the ancestors of those who particularly urge
this, so understood it; neither does he who
urge it so understand it. Mmy of the sign
ers—it is more probable the most of
them—were slave owners. Slaves were
held, in 1776, in every one ofihe 13colomss.
Aye, sir, and could 1 now trace back the ti
lie to what 1 fear I owe to him who imported
their progenitors t'rom Africa, nine chances
put of ten would’ bS that I derive title from
soine old Ne.v England merchant. They
were the slave traders of that day ; and do
you think that those who signed that declar
ation designed thus so liberate their slave
property 1 No, sir. Au industrious friend
fond of research into old and musty volumes
has furnished Me with a few facts going to
show the view taken of the eflectofthat de
claration, as well as how very glib those
grave puritans were in the phraseology which
their conscientious descendants can now
hardly read in a Southern paper without
shuddering at itas evidence of lhe great mor
al depravity of the slave breedeis.
Conaiitutional Journal and Weekly Advertiser,
Boston, July 4, 1778.
-.1 Negro Woman for Sale.
To be sold, a likely young negro woman,
that understands bouse-work, common cook
ing, &e. has had the small pox. Enquire of
the Printer.”
From New England Ohroi icle, same date aud place.
“Runaway from mo, the subscriber, a ne
gro man named Sain, about 5 -feet 6 inches
high, 30 or 40 years old. Had on when he
went off, alight crimsoned colored coat ; his
upper fore-teeth stick out ; speaks good En
glish ; has been nineteen years from Africa.
Whosoever takes upsaid negro, and returns
him to me, shall have one dqftar 1 reward.
(Signed.)’ John Hunter.
N. B. All masters of vessels are hereby
desired not to harbor, conceal, or carry away
said negro, so as to avoid the penalty of the
law.”
From Penn. Journal and Weekly Advcitixer,
July 17, 1776.
•• To be sold, a large quantity of inch pine
boarus, that are well seasoned. Likewise, a
negro wench. She is disposed of lor no fault,
but only that she is at present with child.
She is.kbout twenty years, of age, has had
the small pox and measles, and is lit for town
or country business. Enquire oflhe Prin
ter-”
Froifi the Contiiißuta! Journal and Weekly Adv.
Boston, Obi,-27, 1780.
“To be sold, a likfjly negro buy, about 13
years old, well ealeulaied to wail on a gentle
man. Enquire of the Printer.
Also, to be sold, a likely cow and calf. En
quire of the Printer.”
I I trust this remembrance and review of
some of the opinions of our ancestors Will be
cherished and rcflCv’ted upon, and have some
effect in restraining the tongue of the puri
tan ol to-day, lest, m slandering the living
slaveholder, he traduce the character of the
puritan of 1776, front whom we derive title.
I said, too, that the imnfediate ancestors of
some of those who urge as an excuse the De
claration of Independence, did not think that
instrument operative upon the servile portion
ol the community of that day. In proof, I
refer t? the treaty of peace between the Uni
ted States and Great Britain, made on tire
3J Sept. 1783. The 7rh Art. stipulates ihat
••Britannic majesty, shall, with all convenient
i-peed, and without causing any d-i true l ion,
our carrying aicay, any negroes or other pro.
peril] of the American inhabitants, withdraw
all his armies,” &c.
H eie is an express acknowledgement of
the right to hold negroes in slaverv. And
who signed it, and thus sanctioned all it con
tained—in fact who'negotiated it? Old John
Adams!
And have wo any evidences of the opin
ions of him who lias uttered the sentiment I
am now combating 4 1 have a similar proof,
to he found in the Ist art. of the Treaty ot
Ghent, negotiated in part by John Quincy
Adams and signed by him. The HKh art.
contains this stipulation—“without carrying
away any slav, sor other properly.” Again
the laws of Massachusetts ol 1776 forbid the
intermarriage of black and white persons,
ad declared any such marriage a nullity.
J That was one of “ihe opinions of our ances
tors on this question of slavery.”
The act of 1843, ofa Massachusetts Legis
lature, repealed ibis law,[and permits the in
ti rmatriage of the two races. This is an
opinion of the Massachusetts man of to-day J
And what has been the result of this re- i
peal ! Why, sir, the statistics of the various j
prisons and alms house,*—the tree Stales 1
show that the black son of Africa, with flat |
noses, thick lips, protruding shin, and skin, I
redolent ot rare odors, though free to risb to j
the high estate of the white man—though
the parlors ol the proud l’uriian ara tluown I
open to him—though free to ally himself with,’
aye, and even invited to the arms of the fair ‘
skinned, cherry lipped, and graceful daugh- I
ter of that famed race, still retains his nature j
—rejects with scorn the tendered connection, I
and prefers to revel in the brothel, until im- j
prisoned in the jail or penitentiary.
And when i hear such boasts of the stern
morality and lovely liberty which is said to j
bo peculiar to the old Bay State, I cun but j
involuntarily reflect upon another one of the |
striking evidencesof the “opinions of our an
cestors on this question of siuvery.” An
eloquent and gifted citizen of that old Slate
—a man who does honor to the Union on ac
count of Ins noble elevation of thought and
erudite learning, thus feelingly, and in glow
ing language, ielates the eveul to which 1
allude.’
“ So perished the princes of the Pokano
kets. Sad to them had been their acquain
tance wild civilization. The firsTetnp tiiat
came on their coast kidnapped men ol their
kindred, and mow the harmless boy, that had
been cherished as an only child, and the In
lure sachem of their tribes, the la’st of the
family of Massasoit, ion sold into bondage, to
toil us a slave, under the burning suns of
Bermuda. — Sec Bancrofts History ol the Uni
ted Scales:
Yes, sir, history tells the tale, that those
ancestors, whose opinions the gentleman
thinks worthy of ‘ some remembrance,” not
only sold to tne southern planter African
slaves, but aciually sold for gold the children
of that famous Indian warrior who gave full
employment to all iheir valor! Despoiled of
their lands, and their children sidd inlo slave
ry 1 And “remembrance” of these things it)
yoked here, to give us just ideas of the bless
ings ol liberty.
Let me not be m'.'sunder’stocd, however, as
disparaging the just claims of .Massachusetts.
There has been a time when a noble and en
larged patriotism ruled in her councils, and
actuated her statesmen. The days of the
Revolution exhibited her in gloiy. which,
though it has n< t received much addition
since, will never fade. An orator has said
that she needs no praise—“ there she is—
look at hor. There are Lexington, Bunker
Hill, &c.” And so they are. Sir, I look at
her, and find her crowded with villages aud
an indusirious, thriving population: 1 s-e
immense piles of manufacturing estahlish
ni-nts built upoul of the bounty extorted from
Soul hern labor. I Fee Lexington and Bun
ker Hill too. Bui spirit that ennobled
those days, and gave undying glory to those
fields, sleep beneath iheir soil ! All that re
mains us that great race, arc their characters.
Their descendants have forgotten opi
nions ;” and those in whose veins the blond of
the men who aided in forming this Union,
now seek, unconstitutionally, to subvert if,
and are content ignomiiiously to live upon
plunder coming from the sweat of Southern
brows !
The consequences of this deep cherished
and growing enmity to the institution o! slav
ery, are exhibiting themselves ill such a way \
us to cause men lo pause in iheir mail career.
Not only are the laws of God put at defiance,
but the laws of their own country. Socie
ties arc formed for the abolition of slavery,
which if the evidences of their own agents
are to be believed, connive at and pay for the
commission of most ignmnipous crimes. I
speak in this matter a voice ol warning lo the
people of the South. ] have now before me
i lie confession of Charles Brown, who was
hung at St. Louis, Missouri, for murder, on
the 9.1) July, 1841. Ho discloses lhalthe
Ohio Slate Anti-Slavery Society is very ex
tensive —say about 18,000 in number, in
cluding societies in liidiana’ and Illinois.
A gents are employed by it in nearly all the
S mthern and Southwestern Slates—about
one hm-drod and fifty in number. ‘They are
supplied with blank certificates of ffeedorn,
and are paid from S2O to SSO per month, ac
cording to their success, or the risk they en
counter. It is their duty to persuade slaves
to run away, and to give them free papers.
They direct them to some Ufiears ofan aux
iliary'society, who take charge of them and
secretes or scuds them to a place of safety.
Recently a Mis 9 Webster has been cori".
victed of the offence of'stealing, and running
to a Iree State, slaves. A Reverend [!] Mr.
Torrey has likewise been convicted. In the
name of humanity and religion! these men 1
steal our property, induce others to do so, and j
would aid England in her attempts to abolish -
the institution altogether, and leach us “slave
breeders” lessons of morality ! Sir, tbe groat
majority of our slaves would blush at such a
moialily as exhibits suefi a callous disregard
of the rights of another. If these things are :
lo continue —if, as we have been given to
understand, tbo very citadel es the Union is!
to he made the theatre of exhibitions of ha-!
tred towards us men, arid ofan eager desire j
to’ rob us of our property, as well as of the!
products of our the denouncement can-1
nut be alar oil'. omL
And what wun|J£ success in all those de
signs bring Cagrd. be thought of, without
[VOL. V._NO (i.
an involuntary shudder passing over tlio
frame of every man, who remembers Ihe de
scription of like succes elsewhere? Perhaps
they nere felt by him, who, on a recent me
morable occasion, exclaimed with the con
centrated energy of vindictive hatred, “let
five millions perish, but tiiat the biavk be
| treed.” Before his vision must have floated
the horrors ot St. Domingo, where wives
violated upon the bodies of their slaughtered
husbands, and the banner of liio inhutmm
fiends was the dead body of an infant, impal
ed upon a spear, ils golden locks dabbled in
gore, and its little limbs stiffened by liio last
agony of suffering nature! Butt turn from
the picture,sir. Such things will never be
on these shores. The gallantry which, in
times gone by, defended soil, Which the pat
riotism ofa portion of New England hud not
compass enough to include within ils vision,
is ever ready aud sufficient, when the Consti
tution no longer proves a pi election, lo pro
tect our insliiutions and our families. But
we (rust in Providence never to bo driven to
so dire n resort. If but a portion of the wis
dom and virtue of 1776 yet remains to us,the
compromises of the Constitution will not only
be preserved inviolate, but protected and
perpetuated.
W e ask no preponderance in the Govern
ment, but we demand salety. So far ifom
the siaveholdmg region increasing in power
disproportionately, as some have said, a re
port of one of your own committees shows
unerringly the reverse. By it we learn that
so far from retaining our proportionate num
ber of Representatives in Congress,-taking as
a standard our relative number in 7790, We
have’ lust. In the apportionment of 1810, we
: fell six below what that’ relative number de
manded. In 1820 welell seven helow. In
J 1830 we fell ten below ; and in 184 J c fell
| fourteen below ! Lnsina relative strength
; in the representative branch of the Govern-
J ment ; having compromised away all possi
j hility of. retaining an equality even in the
i Senate,'by the fatal Missouri com [promise ;
I with a fearful prospective inequality staring
j us in the lace ; attacked day alter day, month
after month, yearaf.er year, by those who
are virtually sworn lo be our supporter's—
with the world arrayed against, anil its moat
subtle and efficient nation using every means
to subvort, our favorite institution,'can we
be true to ourselves if we do not demand
“the bond”—fils fulfilment 16 the very letter.
: And it in considering upon this project of au
| nexation, our Great Statesman lias felt, aud
j ‘ v rote, and acied, for his own land in acting
i lor the Union—if we have ventured to ex
press tlie reasons we eutertahr for it, boldly,
candidly, and explicitly, as it becomes us at
all limes to'do, nature sanctions, reason ap
proves, the course, and the folds es the Co.i
stii ution should shield us from reproach.
The highest considerations of individual,
of sectional, and of national interests, urge us
on to annexation. Open Wiffe the du>r ot the
Union, then, sir, to this young member of file
family of republics. Unfeeling hands eject
ed her in 1819. She has survived the dan
gers ol anarchv aud despotism to which that
act exposed her. Hers, indeed, is an epi
tome ol our own history. A'nd now, when
leaning upon the sword ot victory, her gar
ments dripping with the blood of her merci
less and tyrannical foes, and in the blue folds
of her banner glitiering a single star—the
“Lost Pleiad” from our own constellation—
when Texas, taught at the same fountain ami
worshipping at the same altar of freedom as
we, having transplanted upon her green
prairies our institutions, laws, and religion—
demands admission to our confederacy as a
co guardian of tbS fires lit up in 1776
what American arin'can clo3e the door upon
her! Those fires were designed lo spread
their genial influence far beyond the narrow
confines of the republic in the days of ’76 ; to
blaze higbfer and'higher until they had illu
minated every dark curuer ot the earth where
benighted man was bowed down beneath the
oppressions of despotic power. Instead of
building a Chinese wall around it, sir, let us
widen the sphere of its radiance, ami add duel
to the flame :
‘Then let that mighty flame burn on,
1 lirougli change and change, thro’ good and
i
Like its own god’s eternal will.
Deep,constant, bright, unchangeable.”
And may the day be not far dislant when
shall be heard from the borders of the Stale
of Texas, the voices of her intelligent and
patriotic citizens, mingling willi<urs in the
great drama of Self government.
From hie N O Picayune.
MASSACHUSETTS Ad?b THE SOUTH,
Gov. Briggs transmitted a Message to the
Legislature of Massachusetts, on th -fjth inst. !
in relation to ihe expulsion of Mr. Hoar from’ !
the limits of South Carolina, whither He had |
been sent by .Massachusetts to contest a law
of that State forbidding the entrance of free
;ibgroes within her territory. In this Mes
sage Governor Briggs, after recitingthe sev-
eral acts of Massachusetts under which Mr.
j Hoar was appointed, proceeds to giveastate
menl of the law of South Cardlma and itni
consequences upon tree colored citizens of
Massachusetts. His Excellency has nodoubt i
been led to believe that many hardships have
occurred under the law, which tie contends’
is altogether unconstitutional. He also cites
tiie opinion of Mr. Wirt, late Attorney Gen.
oral of the United States,- olid the lalb Jud<e
.Lihiison; of the Supremo Court of the United ‘
Slates, and a citizen of South Carolina, de- ‘
clatiug a law similar inspirit and’provisions, ■
as he contends, to be unconstitutional. Tho
Message then proceeds’ lo declare tiiat the I
agencies sought f i be established in Clmles- j
ton and New Orleans were -decreed bv tho f
Legislature oi Massachusetts in no spirit oft
unkiiidness, but With tbe sober view of test
ing, before the highest Iribliha! in the nation
the validity OT a stSlutc üßi t |, the people of
Massachusetts deem injurious to tier citizens i
and contrary to the fundamental law of the l
Union. Accompanying tho Message was a
narration by Mr. Iloar of his reception in I
Charleston rod expulsion from the Slate
Nothing is said of Mr. Hubbard, as the ter
mination of his mission was no; vet known to
Ins Excellency. The Governer floes not re
commend any special action upon the suYiioct
but intimates his belief that tho Legislature
will maintain the constitutional right* of
’ Massachusetts with firmness and dignity,
whilst they hold themselves “bound to respect
I the rights of sister Slates.”
It is not at all amazing that Governor Briggs
should have convinced himself that Die pro.
ccedings of Massachusetts were had in good
fellowship. Indeed, ihe abolition sptnt ha*
| obtained such ascendr n:y in Masfe.fthdeetts’
| that a public man finds it impossible, or what
l' s l| io same thing, dbstrpctive toffis political
i hopes, to consider any act designed u, molest
| or tlislurd tho slave Slater in any other light.
! The presentation ol the emttroversy in this
j .Me sago is specious and deceptive. Gov.
I Briggs would make it appear thut Massa
chusetts is a deeply injured Slate. What is
! the real position of the matter-?’ 1
Free .negroes from the nim-xl,tvehiiiing
States having, by reason of their'colir, access
to the slaves of the Southern States, have
been for years in the habit of inlosu g a spirit
of insubordination ami insurrection amongst
lhem. They are known with them, as a
mailer ot course, when they seek aequain-
! 1 I nee in ilia South, and they liaye • inployeil
i the opportunity allowed them of mingling a.
[ mongst people of their own color—in render
ing them restive and dissatisfied, and in ma
iny instances in running away with them to
! the non-slaveholdiug States. This grievi
|anco became at length so mtiderabie, that to
prevent lynching and such like summary
’ modes of redress, tiie Legislature of some of
the Southern Slates have been compelled lo
pass laws prohibiting !ree nogrees frim cn
leriug ihem at alb The policy of the South
in ttn. se enact moots has been dictated by the
j first la w of nature and ot nations—telf-de
-1 fence. But, imperious as the necessity foi
.-rich laws was, it is known tiiat nothing like
cruelly in the execution of them, or extfaor
;dinaiy viojlnnce in seeking objects for their
exercise, have been resorted io. In lactma
iny Iree negroes come to this without being
jin any way molested; and those eases m
I winch the law has been executed,it will he
lound, upon exanima ion, that the persons ar
rested under i; were mak.ng themselves ob
noxious to suspicion by improper and uuusu
;al practices Were it not for officmusucss
“I Northern fanatics, or the intermeddling ot
Northern legislatures in our affairs, ihe la w
; would btei in a obsolete, hs has uf.cn been
the case, and rema u a dead loiter until the
; tree blacks became conspicuous in iheir niacli
in -lions aud dangerous from the immunities
they enjoyed. This being confessedly the
stale ol facts al the S. u; h, how stands the
ma.ter as between us and the North?
Massachusetts contends that a class of
| people who are not allowed to mingle with
j her citizens upon terms of either political or
j social equality, shall when they come South,’
‘enjoy nil lire rights, immunities and privileges
ol white persons. . Tue sum and substance
| of her demands amount lo a coercion of the
i Southern States to recognize a black man,
; who would bely lichen in Boalon if he al
i tempted to put himself upon an equality with
| her whim citiifcns at home, as in ail rospect's
; their equal when in the South. The case is *
I not all told \ et. Massachusetts insists iWt
1 a black man, who in B ,-ton is harmless and
’ despised, shall be respected in the South,’
where he is dangerous and corrupting. Ii a
black man were to marry n white woman, in
Boston, it vvouid create quite as gieal a liub-
I bub there as here. Why, then, should Mas'-
! saehuselts seek to make us extend ikd same
j treatment to her black people that we do to’
her white citizens, when she does not doso.
bersell ! All her fanaticism would never in
duce her to make black men governors or
judges, or persuade her citizens to intermarry
with them, or lecognize itlem as on a social
level with themselves. Why, then, should
she strive to force us to lecogu.ze them, when*
they come among us. as entitled to the sail)a
privileges as her white citizens sojourning
here ! When she fills her judiciary with ne
gocs and legislative hall with Africans, and’
her while people mix with the dusky race as
their equal-*,’ it will be lime enough for lief to
insist upon our putting tier black and white’
citizaiis upon au equality.
Massachusetts piates about Constitution’
and Laws! Does not Gov. Briggs Know
that forty thousand constituliuns, and laws in’
proportion, could not make the negro the
equal of the white man m his own State?—
How cun he expect that he should be so
held here ! Tneie he is harmless—here ha
is dangeious : there he cannot spread discon
tent, insubordination, or stir up insurrection
amongst the laborers of the S;ate—'here he
can and does. YVe have stronger reasons
for discriminating between the white and
black of Massachusetts than Massachusetts
has Herself, and yet the law that prohibits
tlieni from cCunning into this State is not
more radical i,i its nature or so repugnant to
the spirit of equality as the laws mat banish
them from society, on account of color, in
Boston.
But this Whole matter is aeolemn farce.—
The Massachusetts law was a mere fetch, to
make the Southern States the safety valve
for her citizens to explode their negrophihsm
through. They had got beyond n convenient’
heat in their fanaticism, and Etieneo they /live
changed tho venue for their mischievous op.
eiations. ‘1 he Legislature had no idea that
Mr. Hear or Mr. llubbard would be allowed
to sit in judgment upon the police regulations?
ol South Carolina or Louisiana. It a Foreign
State were to endeavor lo set up a surveill
ance in her borders that threatened the peace
us her citizens and the safety of her institu
tions, old Eaneuil Hall would witness an
outburst like that which slunk her Wails
during ihe revolutionary epock. A spirit
would he aroused - tiiat might beggar the
scenes enacted in the crisis ol'the tea tax and
stamp act excitement. But for the political
degeneracy ol'the age the old Bay Stale
would never have attempted to establi sh in a
sister Slate a systematic opposition to her
1 iws and police which she would not mleratq
for an .nstant in her own lerritorv, let the
plea h r such mterfeieuee be what it might.
ANOTHER MAK’3 NEJST.
The Whigs Inve been chuckling for sown
| days upon our having elected a Vice l*resi-
S dent who conhl Uot accept the office, because
|he Wa-not “a natnral-boi n citizen of the
j United Slates,"in ihe worth!of the Constitu
tion. We are compelled to dfssipate their
idle objections: They will tit) doubt be de
lighted tolearni'liiat Mr. George Mifflin Dal
las is not an alien, but a natural born citizen
| ol’the United S;atee—arid that he wa* born
i in 1792, in Front s reetnear Arch in the city
; ot Phitauolphin, w here sos many years his
; faihqr had tidetl an eminent lawver.— Rich.
Eny.
From tfio M.D : !B<;iiian,
THE FLEA OF WEAKNESS.
Mexieo is weak, say certain ra.-Uit,
therefore do not meddle w ith the disconso
late damsel, wandering about the world
a-ki >g eortipnsStun on li#.’ expoieduess and
destitution. She is weak, llieretore don’t
se 7.'. the'opportuoii v oi weakness to snatch
from her her prey, bur give her time to
breathe, recruit herself and’ become strong,
thar she may seize it arid devour it, DotA
be Unmerciful; a low her to prepare muni
tions of war against Texas, who is weaker
in pecuniary resource*, that she may at tbe
ngi i'nst Texas; and induce her lo lavai j
who, according in the Intelligencer, “alres
dy rival those Germanic nations described
by in his CouiinCnlunes, who made
il their “highest national boast Lite extent of
desolation upon their frontiers.” Let us
give Mexico thjtt full slope, of descending
to our level in this respect, to which she
has not yet reached, that of . ‘baibanzing
back wards.” But if this territory is an iiq.
mens* (ihinnahitable waste for us with
Mexieo, nearly equal to us in territory, with
less than ton miliums? VY'hat ..new tfeeola
ition won-'! e;,ue! were would he the loss
ton liti.aii i,-i,
Would they go off’ improving m this vast
“iv f il'jsrwe of
i'.-i'i h -i extermination. t Mexican
.-mile or look more a.-i . under her nus-
Ipic. s; be prospeqt/vt ly mete ifeffripfli. or
more gloomy; its snows or it* mfibiSj it*
valleys or its height be leas at mure s'siuttl
vi:Ji the Lltod of rafiai? *(T