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/ THE TIMES,
published every W edziesday morning.
\ r v N THE OKAMTE BUILDING,
Comer of Oglethorpe and K-audolph streets, by
J. FOKSYTH, X TU. JO!I>STO>,
PROPRIETORS.
*1 BUMS— r H RKE Dollars per annum, payable
invariably in advance for new subscriptions
No paper will be discontinued while any arrearages
is due, unless at the option of the proprietor, and
four noi.l vits will in all castes be exacted where
pay me ut is not made before the expiration of the
subscription year.
ADVERTISE.VIFJ.N I'S conspicuously inserted at
O.vk Dollar per <iiQ,h md ed words,for the first
insertion, and Ffft if cents for every subsequent
continuance.
All Advertisements, sent to us without specify
ing the mr.nbsr of insertions desired, will be con
tinued until ordered out. and charged accordingly.
Legal Aovki:tisements published at the usual
rates, and with strict attention to the requisitions
•of the law.
Sheriff’s Sales under regular executions, must
be advertised for thirty i\ys; under mortgage
ti fas, six rv DWs before the day of sale.
Salks of Land and Negroes, by Executors, Ad
ministrators or Guuidians, for sixty days before
the day of sale.
Sales of personal property (except negroes) forty
days.
Citations by Clerks of Courts of Ordinary, upon
application for letters of admin’’ nation are to be
published forthirty days.
Citations upon application for dismission, by
Executors, Administrators or Guardians, month
ly for six months.
Orders of Courts ofOrdinary, (accompanied with
a copy of the bond, nr agreement) to make title
to laud, must be published three months.
Notices by Executorsor Administrators or Guard
ians, of application to the Court ofOrdinary for
leuveto sell the Laud or Negroes of an estute,
FOUR MONTHS.
Notices by Executors or administrators, to the
Debtors and Creditors of a estate, for six weeks
O* Letters to the proprietors on business, must
be post paid, to entitle them to attention.
LAW NOTICES.
LAW NOTICE.
William B. Pryor
HAS settled himself in the Town of I.aGrangv,
Troup county, Geoigia. and will practice
Uw in ihe counties of Troup, Meriwether,Coweta
O.un belt k Carrol’ and Heard, ot tnc Coweta Giicuij
xml Harris, Vluscog e aod Talbot of die Ghana
lioochee Circuit.
Dee 18. 1844 t &l—ly
COLQUITT & COOK,
A T TORNEY’S A T LA W:
LA GRANGE, GKOI.fi IA.
Will practice in the counties of Troup, Moriwtiher
Coweia, Fayelte, ami Carroll.
Waited I'. Colquitt, Columbus, Ga.
Wm. O. D. Cook, La Grange.
April 23 84—If
Taylor & (iiaelie,
A T T OIiNEY'S A T L A W;
Guthbebt, (Randolph county.) Ga.
Tllfi :] nJ -rsiyned having associa'ci! themselves
in the praeuca of ■ h*. Law, will give their at
jfciuou t 1 an/ business confided to them in Hie coiim
■Fl of Rail loi|ih, iisrly, Baker, Le", Sumter Llot.ly
Uicatur iu the Southwestern, and Stewart of the
Chattnhuoo me circuits. ’fiiev mil aso auend llic
court, iu Barbour and Henry counties in Alabama
WILLIAM I’AVLOR.
LlivV'lS A.GOMiKK.
Natvembir 131314. 4(i-ly.
E. El. Fialt,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Albany, Maker County, Ga.
Jan 1.1845 I—'f
Barks & SlCiiSiensoii,
ATT OR N E V S A T L AW;
Y'ALBUTTON, GA.
I \ MKS M. BURKS, )
I \MF.< L. STEPHENSON f
Feb t!8. 1844 __ —ts
Atlord & 91>w:tt’S,
ATTO R! N EY ’ S A T L A \V ;
Tuskkgek, Ala.
IBSTILL practice all tho bra'ichev of the prvfts-
V ¥ ni i” in uin and the a
Juuus C. Alford, )
Ri.n. Franklin Howard, (j
July i3. 1945. 30 -1 v
Kirlliti-d SI. Clark,
A T rORN li Y A T LA W ,
Albany, Ga.
References :
Him.Cfcas. S. Henry, 1
Hm L.y,s. D’Lvon l Savannah.
Messrs. Caarit u£t Ward, \
M. li ill IM : Alii Ir. K>q. J
Maj. G. P twers, Bfln*han uountv;
Hon. L.o'f Warren, Lee county.
Robert Landau , ) A aa„y, Ga.
1 huinas F. s nub, )
June i. 1845 23—lunov
J. CAW,
ATTO R N EVA T LAW;
JIAINBRIDGE, (DECATUR CO ) GA.
Will attend (lununiafy Ihe Superier Courts nf die
coun ins of Warty, ••ale r. and Decatur of die South
W eaten), and ot the e< isi-y **f l'hom*is of I tie South
ern Circuit. May 21, 1345 21 It
Iv*rstu Af Forsyth,
■gJAVti re noved to olfice in “Times’’building,
tvia/'u, 1845. 20—ts
€. S. Kocktvcli,
ATTO RN E Y A T L A W ;
Columbus, Ga.
Otfice on Broad Street,over Mr. Le lay’s Jewel
ry Store.
.April 2, 1345, 14—if
CONK & WILLIAMS,
A rTOit NE Y S A T I, A W .
Columbus, Georgia.
OFFICE in Hooper’s New Building; East
side Broad street, near tire market,
FRANCIS H CONE, >
CHARLES J WILLIAMS. (
April 2, 181 a. 14—If-
HoSiert 55. Lester
A T T O K N E Y A T L A \V .
Tazewell Marion Couutv Ga.
March 12 18*5. ‘ 12—ly.
William JHizell,
ATT Oa N Hi’ A 1’ LA W ;
Tazewell, Maki>n Count/. Ga.
March 5, 1845, 11—ly
James .T 9. iffitcaell,
A T T O It N E V A T L A W,
Residence —Lumpkin, Georgia.
Wi I.L devote hi a attention hereafter, exclusive*
ly to Ins |>ro:feion, ami will attend punctu
ally to alt business •.•ritrti.ted to his care, in any coun
ty in rhto Clptitalioocliee or South-Western Circuits.
Feb 5. 1815 6—l h
J- S. jfiitciicll,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Stahilsville, Lee Cos. Ga.
February 5,1815- 6—ly.
William 11. Martin,
SOLICITOR AND ATTORNEY AT
LAW.
Office, in Girard, Ai.uiama.
B3 ESPECTFULLY tenders It is professional
R ttb services to the publi; generally ; # lie takes this
mstliolof atitruin; his patrons, tnat he makes no
collections for live than ten per cent, on any anm
nit uxc v.l uj one t tousanil dollars; Ins reasons for
tilts nubii ratio t,is to gv t gcrieralsiotice to Ihose who
have htreh ly iotrustsd Itini with thqtfTJusines*, witn
oit specHt eontract; that they may withdraw the
sains if they prefer, and a'l future patrons if any, may
etpect tr be governed by litis no'ice.
• WM. 13. MARTIN.
January 8. _lB# 2-^ly
mo.and cuST'coffee.
-fl JfesTk Sacks for sale liv
15117 UItEKNVVOOD & ELT.IS.
Sept. 8. 1 815. 36—ts
FINE jpCsiLIA SEOABS.
JUS 1’ received amt I t sale liv
uIIIiENIVU'OD £- ELLIS.
Sep- 3, 1815 s *• 35—If
Columbus .®imes.
FORSYTH & JOHNSTON, editors.]
HEW GASH. STORE.
DRY-GOODS & CLOTHING.
D. W. ORR, & Cos.
HAVING rented the store io uu forme* ly occu
pied bv Messrs. Stewart & Fontaine, and
j Messrs Hill .Si Dawson, aie now receiving a large and
! entire new stock of goads, comprising the following
I in part, with all other goods in our line, wh'cli we ol
fer at whelesa e or retail—vt*ry low for cash—viz :
Cashmere DEcosse; Reps do and Moos'm Delaine;
jLa • a Cloth, anew article ; Alpaccas, Bombozmes,
i Flints, a gteal variety, Bonne's, Hosiery, Carpel ling,
i Rugs, Matts &c.
CLOTHING DEPARTMENT.
Mens and boys Clothing, all styles and qua'ities;
TJenllenien’s Cloaks and Overcoats-, Lathes Cloaks,
Trucks, Vallisis, Carpet Bigs, Negro Clothing &c.
To Millers.
Bol'ing Cloths, assorted Numbers.
Terms cheap for cash.
PL W. ORR, & Cos.
Cnlmnbus, Sept 24, 1842. 39-12 t
JOHN EVERETL
HAS removed to Dillingham's corner, nearly
opposite his old -stand, where he. will keep on
hand for sal* , a good assortment ol
FAXCY AND STAPLE
May ;8 1845. 22—if
SPUING & SUMMER
CLOTIIING.
S. n. HAMILTON,
(Next Door to J. Kiri in.)
HAS commenced receiving a large Stock of
Spring and Summer Clothing.
Blue black and green clotk l*'ro<;U uJ Dress Coats;
Drapd’.-to, Froc.i and Dress Cua.s ;
Crton do do .o
White, brown and check Limn, Frock and Dress
t’oats ;
Twcdes Frock and Sack Coats ;
Fautaloons and Vests, of every variety utul descrip
tion of Goods.
Shirts, Drawers. Handkerchiefs and Cravats.
Tie-*, and Stocks, of every variety.
Siik and Colton Umbrellas.
Ha's and Caps, and every other article of Gentle
men’s wear, suitable for the season.
April SO, 1843 18—ts
IMPORTANT IMPROVEMENT
Off THE WATER WHEEL,
WHL/H is now exciting much ‘Merest, both in
Km ope and the United Stales. Three of
these wheels are in operation at the City Mill, Co
lumbus, propelling |wo pair of stones with 4 feel
head and fall, grinding 8 bushels per hour to each
pair. J. BUIDGFS.
August 27. 1845. 86—if
~ MILLERS! MILLL.iS !!
DUTCH BOLTING CLOTHS, ail the difler
ent Numbers, A licit'OF Ill'UUil.
Just received and tor sale, Itv
TOTITTyR,
ngied lo board al^^b^ntynj^l^.
Hn (Candles, and
TH'AI AS 13. SLAnfcfom-ifMprl.
VUIABJ.i: PLANTATION
FOR SALE
/ffl!IK subscribers hold for sale, a Plantation in
J 0 the upper pari of the 15 It district, Sumter
coun'y, adjoining IVIr. Josiah S-ruicluns and t tliers.
containing 1316 acres. Also 475 acres nr the same
county, 28:li district, well timbered pine lau I ; with
a sa v null, on .VI ill Creek convenient to the timber.
Als-, a plant iiim in the 3d district of Baker county
c mtuming 2600 acres, a veiy superior tract of land
cotnbio ng t\r il.ty, goo l water, and healthiness. Ail
these (daces have jmprovemeu’s upon tirem. Per
sons di posed to treat for these lands are toqueai
ed t address the undersigned personally, or by letter
at Augusta, and than* in In* neighborhood are referr
ed to iViaj. John Cowart, ol Aruericus, or Mr. Jos tab
Scrutchifi'*, of the same county.
KOB’T F. POK, ’) Ad gVs of the es-
WM, J. EVK, State of Paul Fitz-
G. W. CRAWFORD, ) snnmons dec’d.
October 1 1845. 40-ild.
LANDS FOR SALE.
Lots N unber 214, in the 3*l District of Lee.
tio do 44 & 234, do 1J h do tlo
do do 132, do 4i.il tioMuacogec.
do do 17 i, do 12;h do do
do do 40, do 13. h do do
do do 3, do 6<h do do
do do 39, do 4(h do Randolph,
do do 95, do 6tli do do
do do 270, do 7* Ii do do
do do S3 37, do 9111 do do
do do 120, do 11th do do
do do G 8 & 254 do 18th do Stewart,
do do fc9 & 104 do 19th do do
do do 232, do 2lst do do
do do 222. do 25th do do
do do 196, do 26 h do Sumter,
do tin 120, do 26th do do
do do 162, do 29 h do do
do do - 155, do I7iti do do
do do 256, do 3d do Do'/ly.
do do 25&245, do 7th do d>
having anv interest in the sale of the above
lots, can gain anv info r nmton as to the terms, ftc.
by application to the subscriber, or o John li La*
mar, Esq. at Macon. C*a.. fret* of postage-
ANDREW J, LA AJAR,
wear Monroe, Walton Cos. Oa
So.pt 3 1845 S6—l2i-ams2o
ISOOSS SS32iIiE2? a OUT
At tne Cheap Book-Store,
Oltl Sta.nd near the Market.
fgIUE subscriber intciid'n l ’ to dispose of hia en
-H. tire siock, is SELLING OUT as fast as pos
sible at prices si ill loner than ever.
Teachers, Parents, and the Public in general, are
earms'iy invited to call and examine his very exten
sive stock, beforo purchasing elsewhere.
Joy 16. 1815 19-ts GEORGE DUNHAM.
INSTRUCTION IN MUSIC.
H rtEKNREUTER, late leader of the United
• Slates Regira -Mal B-uk] at Fort M.>uli*io,
• li’ - Irs services to the citizens of Columbus and
vicinity, professionally as a Piano Fo*te teacher : he
will also give instruction on several Brass instill’
meats, such as Key Bugle, Cornopean, &c. s*c.&c.
Pisanos tuned and repaired.
Mr. Bornreutet* id also prepared to execti'e all
kinds of fancy work in hair, in p alling bracelets nHr
rings guard chains, &c. He wilt also do embroidery
work u,o i cloth in snk or woollen.
Sept. 3, 1845. _ 35—ts
NOTICE.
/SpSUG Subvcribi r lattes pitstMira in returning his
th inks t > hi * friends, and the pub ic generally
for past favors, and in statin: iliit he has connected
with him in business, Mr. A. J. Phelan. And the
business will heieafter be transacted under thetirni
of AVER <& I*ll ELAN ; who present then*
clamwfor a abate of patronage to their friends and
the public, in a general Auction and Commission
BnsineM. And they will have connected with their
business a good and secure ho ise fy the keeping
and sale of Negroes,
A K. AVER.
May 7 1845. 19-ts _
NOTICE.
MESSRS. A4’Ell &PII LAN offer tl.eir
iYJa. services to their friends nnd tilt; Planters gen
erailv in the Cotton Brokerage ttusi
llCSS, thvy “i.l sell all cotton consign, and to them,
forabets, par bale , anti ti.l all orders for goods free
of commissions. All instructions will be strictly at
tended to.
AYER ft I’ll ELAN.
Con tubus, Angtj-t 13,1845. 33- if.
THE UNION OP THE STATES, AND TIUS SO Y OP THE STATES.
TO COUNTRY
MERCHANTS.
THE undersigned Merchants in the City of
Charles-’on. are now receiving and will have
by ‘he 15 h September, full and complete assortments
of all gooos m their r -speciive lines, which they oiler
for sale on the most accommodating terms. Coun
try Merchants who have been heretofore in the haoit
of vi*itmg oilier markets, would find it to their inter
est t<> examine this, which affords as many facilities
for commcic* as anv other in the coun’ry.
‘1 he facilities lor get mg here, are great, and the
rates of transportation now so .ow as to offer quite au
inducemeul to those residing in Uie neighboring
Stales.
HUY HOODS.
Townsends & Arnold. No. 1. Hayne street.
Wiley, Banks & Cos. No 3. do do
Kelsey &Di as, No. 5. do do
Gillilands 4’ Howell, No. 2. do do
Hyatt M. Burney Ait Cos. No. 9. do do
Suddl€r)v
Hartal Hare & Cos. No. 4. Hayne street
Shoes,
D. F. Fleming, No. 2. Hayne street.
H. ! r-I At Wood, No. 13. do do
J S. S ea No. 10 do do
L. M üB. W. Force & Cos. No 18 do do
Groceries*
S. S. Farrar, No. 22 Hayne street
BSsats, Caps, &c.
F. P. Fanning & Cos. No. 6 Havnft street.
Rankia & Cos. No 16 do do
Da’iig* X Medicines*
Haviland Hana! & Allen, No. 11 liavne street.
I*. M. Cohen & Cos. No. 19 do do
Hardware;,
Mor'on & Courtney, No. 8 Hayne street. •
Koosevcldl &. Barker. No. 17 iio
Cacckcry Jt’
G S. &If Cameron N: Cos. No. 21 Hayne A.
Brown it Stone, No. 14 do
H. B. Gleason, Me ting strecDSfipo.uic
the Chariesti n Hotel.
Ronsiels & Straw Goods.
Dewing A*. Thayer Meeting street.
Rooks, Stationary, Ac.
McCarter Allen, Meeting street, near
(Charleston Hotel.
September 10, 1845. 37—8 t
BilUffO & VIRGINS.
IMPORTERS OF
sawsitPAii ‘
Iff STIL U M EJ\ r rS,
and sole Agents for t lie sale of J. C kicker
ings. and Nunns ij- Clarks eelebraled
PIANO FORTES.
HAVK constantly ori hand, and offer for .* *alc at
the Manufacturers price*, a sole did assort*
inent of Piano Fortes, fioiu the a ove eelebraled
manufactories.
r v ell known repu’H'bn of these mannfictories,
preclude* the me tv of commenting upon the rx
'•ellente of ihtir iustruments, wh;ch have stood ilu
h si t*f every clunatc for many yeats
A large assortment of V olins, Guitars, Bass Vi
ols K nf Bugb’i, (.’ortiopeons Fieneh Homs, Ophi
c'idts, T'oiiibonek. I* st Horns, Hunting Horns,
Drums Fife, Fiutes, Fiagco etis. Claii tietts. Violin
Bows, V.nlin, Gunar and other stung-*, Mouthpieces
for Clarionctts and 13ra.*s I strunieuts ; Music paper,
&c. &c.
ffCW MllsiC — Ins'ructhn Hooks, and scales
for the Piano Guitar, Violin,Fiute, Accordeon,&c.
&e. court ant ly receiving.
IO Catalogues of Music given gratis.
Columbus. Ga. October 1, 1845. 40—ts
BOOTS & SHOES.
AII/MeXEII., has commenced receiv-
O i'ii’ his Fall and Winter sutqily of BoolS
nilfi Shot's of every d-*sci ipuon, which bus been
mu ultcmre t expiesslyfo* Ins customers ; and arc
warranted lobe of a superior quality.
I laving experienced workm ii, lie ip jrrepared to
inanu ac'urc Bools and dhocs to order in the most
fusfiioii.ih'e st v lc.
Ail kind of Harness made und repaired at short
notice.
Sept 211-45 39t r .
CARD.
Mil. ALFORD being de : nous toremwe to Tex
as h is dec ined taking any further in'erest in
ihe practice of law, ilielirin ol A foid 4r Howard :s
therefore dissolved. Tire bus ness of the firm will be
c osed by Mr. Howard to whom all costs and fees
wid be paid.
Tu kegco, Sept. 17,1845. 38-6 t.
A BARGAIN.
THE subscriber offers for sale his settlement of
land. 1,000 acres, four hundred acres of open
land, well improved with all necessary buildings and
orchards of the best fruit, and a firs’ rale stand fora
public house, &c. The above lying 16 miles North
of C-dumbus, on th” road leading to LaGrange and
West Point. Terms, three thousand dollars cash,
or thirty-live hundred, half cash, and the other half 12
months credit. Fi st come, firs’ serve.
WiVl. MJTCHELL.
Sept 24, 1845. 39—3 t
An IfiXTTAonniNAHY and well auxhen
tical Fact. —A gentleman of this oily has
lurnished us with the following extract front
a letter recently received ltom tlie West:
“At a small faun Louse at Bushy Fork,
a few miles distant irom Newark, Linking
county, Ohio, two children (ahoy five years
old. and a younger sister,) went into the
milk house, where an enormous ratt'e snake
was engaged feasting at a pan of cream,
when the boy unhesitatingly seized, and
pulled it away by the tail, and not attempt
mg to escape, he desired his sister to watch
it whilst he went for an axe, with which
the little hero returned, and courageously
cut its body through. The tail part of this
very formidable creature was given to Dr.
T. Roe, of Htzlewood House, near New
ark, who has carefully stuffed and preserv
ed it, measuring three & lour feet in length
and of greater thickness than the wrist of a
lull grown person, with twenty seven rat
tles then to. The only assignable reason
for its no! attacking the chiltlten, is, that
the distended slate of its stomach, front the
quantity of cream it had drank, rendered it
partially torpid. Its skin is rough, anti sca
ly like a fish, with large spots upon it of a
diamond and is considered a very
great curiosity, mid the providential safety
of the children almost a miracle. A reptile
of such a terrible size and power, happily
is not frequently met with, nor is there per
haps on record, an instance of a child so
young, possessing a spirit so undaunted.”
Thf. Buffalo. —The rapid and
destruction of the buffalo in the western wil
derness has been often alluded to and lament,
etl by travellers, and is spoken of at some
length by Captain Fremont. In th#last eight
or ten years the number of Buffalo robes re
ceived bv tlm Fur Companies, has been an
nually, about 90,001). Thousand of Buffo
loes tire also killed every year, the eluns of
which are not dressed by the Indiana.
COLUMBUS, GA. WEDNESDAY. OCTOBER 8, 1845.
From Blackwood’s Magazine.
A SUMMER SUNSET’S THOUGHT,
llow beautiful the setting sun
Reposes o’er the wave!
Like Virtue, life’s drear warfare done,
Descending toihe grave/
Yei smiling with a brow of love,
Benignant, pure and kii.d.
And blessing, ere she soars above,
Tile realms she left behind.
The cloudlet* edged with crimson light.
Vet* o’er ilte blue serene,
While swdi the legions of the night
Are shadowing o’er the scene ;
The sea-gull with a wai ing moon,
Upstartii p turns to seek
its io ..y dwelling place, upon
Thu prunioniory’fi peak.
The heaving sea. the distant hill,
The wai)in>> sky, the woods,
Wuh melancholy musing fill
The swelling heart that broods
U oil ihe light of o her days,
Who c glories now are dull,
And on th* visions hope could raise,
Vacant, but beautiful.
Where are the bright illusions vain
That fancy boded fortli *
Sunk toihe sdent cave again,
Aurotaa of the North.
Old who would live those vision? o’eq
All bril iint though they stem ?
Since is it but a desert shore,
And Life a weary*dream 1
THE COMING OF AUTUMN.
The leaves of tlio b .ugh slirr’d
Are fading and falling,
And the wind and the wood bi r d
A o iiicrnf llv calling;
And music around us
Ol lamb cape and river.
Ami feelings Ui.it hound us,
Are passing forever.
Tie mists of the mountain,
VVuli morning up piingiug,
The chime ot the fountaiti.
Its melody ringing;
The foam where the river burst
Up to till* tlu V,
And all by the sweet stream nurs’d,
Are Passing away!
So hearts -ve have cherish’ and
When life was before us,
A r o grown cod < r perish’d,
As years have roil’d o’er us;
And we look in t|i* faces
Once “lowing with gladness
And we und in ifien pi ces,
Bui sorrow and sadness.
O, life, it is fearful!
We’re nil of us sighing,
The moment we’re cheerful,
That moment we’re dying;
• And all wtflmve tasted.
And all wc have spoken,
Are hopes h >1 are wasted,
• And hearts that are broken.
PH SC ELLA ff V.
From the New O leans Tropic.
THE CONSTITUTION OF TEXAS. j
We have received the Galveston papers
containing the Ncv Constitution ut’ Texas,
entire—which consists of 12 Articles and
170 Sectiuns. witn an Ordinance. Article
Ist is the Rill o: Hi Ihs, and, in its 24 sec
i ions, embodies all the general and essen
tial principles of Liberty and Free Govern
ment. It is Ameiiein—Republics. It
declares all poli'ical power lo he inherent
in tire people, and all freemen, when they
form a social compact, to have iqua rights;
forbids religious tests, leaving every man's
worship to Is own con-cience; guarantees
the perfect Liberty of the Press, the securi
ty oi all in their persons and properly, spee
dy, public, and impartial Trials by jury,
and the privilege of the writ of Habeas Cur
pus; forbids txeessive hail, a second trial for
the same offence, attainder and ex posljuclo
laws, those impairing the obligation ol con
tracts, the application of private properly lo
pub,la use without adtquate compensation,
imprisonment for debt and deprivation of
life, liberty, property or privileges, except
by due course ot law; exacts the subordina
tion ot (lie military to civil authority; pro
hibits perpetuities and monopolies, primo
genimre and entailments; secures the right
of the citizens at all times to assemble pea.
ceably and petition tor redress of grievan
ces; grants only to the Legislature or its
authority the powei of suspending the laws;
and finally, to guard against transgressions
of the high powers thus delegated declares
that Jtt'ery tiling in the Bill of Rights is
excepted out of the general powers of Go
vernment, a nd that it shall iorever remain
inviolate
Article 2d divides the Government into
three distinct departments—Legislative.Ex
eeutive, and Judicial. Article 3d has 35
sections on the Legislative department.—
The most important one is that which con
fers the right of suffrage upon every free
male person, 21 years ol age, who is a ci
tizen of the United S:ates, or who, at the
adoption of the Constitution by the U. S.
Congress, shall be a citizen of Texas, and
who shall have resided in the State one
year next preceding an election, and the
last six months in the place where he offers
to vole. Ail free persons over 21 years of
age, with the above exceptions, who shall
have resided in Texas six months imme
diately preceding the aceoptance of the
Constitution by the U.S. Congress, are made;
voters. The Legislature consists of Senate |
and House, with biennial sessions. Rep- j
resentatives are chosen for two years, Sen-1
ators four. Roth must be citizens of the
United States, ol of Texas at the adoption
of the Constitution —the first to have been
an inhabitant two, the last three years uexl
preceding the election. No person who
has been entrusted with public money can
be eligible until he has obtained a discharge
of the obligaiion. Ministers of the Gospel,
“being dedicated to God, and the care of
souls, ’ are therefore declared ineligible.—
The first enumeration of the people is to
take place at the first meeting ot the legis
lature, aud in 1848 and 1850, and every
eigiu yars af erwards. There never'shalj j
be less than 10 nor more than 33 Senators,
nor less than 45 nor more than 90 Repre-|
sentatives. The Legislature is to hold its
sessions at Austin until 1850, after which,
it shall he permanently located. An elec
tion shall he held on the Ist Monday of next
March to ascertain the popular will in regard
to its location; if no one place secures a ma.
jorily of the votes, another election sliall he
held on the first Monday of the succeeding
October, to determine which n| the two
places having previously received the high
est votes shall lie the seat of Government,
The other provisions are either local or sitn.
ilar to those of our own Constitution. Pay
of members, S3 per day, and $3 fit every
25 miles travel to and from the seat of Go
vernment.
Article 4th has 19 sections on the Jttdi
ciaty Department. The judicial power is
vested in a Supreme, District and inferior
Courts. The first to consist of one Chief
Justice aud two Associates, and have ap
pellate jurisdiction only. The Supreme and
District Judges shall be appoinled by the
Governor and two thirds of the Senate, f r
six'years, removealile by the Governor and
two-thirds of the Senate, for six years, re
movable by the Governor on the address of
two.thirds of each House for any cause in
sufficient lor impeachment. The Supreme
Judges shall receive 82000, the district
Judges not less than §1750, annuallly. An
. Attorney General for two years, and Dis
trici Attorneys, shall be appointed. The
other provisions are details about inferior
Justices and County officers.
Articles sth has 23 sections on the Exe
cutive Department, The Governor shall be
eieced for two years, but shall not be eligi-’
ble for more than four years. He must be
30 years old, a citizen of the United States
or ol Texas at the adoption of the Consti
tution, and have resided there three years
immediately receding his election. The
first Governor shall have a salary of 82,-
000. Similar provisions in regard to Lieut.
Governor is required to reside at the seat of
government during the sessions of the Leg
islature. The Sectetary of Slate shall be
appointed by the Governor, the Treasurer
and comptroller biennially elected by both
Houses in joint ballot. The rest ot the ar
ticle comprises the usual details.
Artie e O h ptovtdesfor an organization
of the militia. Any one having consent
i tious scruples against bearing arms, nay
j pay an equivalent (or personal service,
j Article 7th has 37 sections on General
Provisions. Treason is defined as in all
constitutions. Convicted ctiminals shall
h • excluded from office. Duelling is a dis
qualification tor office. No money appro
priation shall be made for a longer term than
two years, except for education. Within
j fire years a complete revision of the laws
shall be made, and every ten years there
after. No lottery shall fee authorised, and
the selling or buying of tickets in the State
is forbidden. The Legislature shall grant
no divorce. A wife’s property, claimed by
her before, or acquired al’ier marriage, shall
be her separate property. The rights of
property heretofore acquired shall not be di
vested, nor shall any heretolore divested be
revived, and xli claims, &.C., declared void
shall remain void. Tile homestead of a
family, nut exceeding 200 acres in the county
or 82,000 in town or city, shall be exempt
from forced sal* for debts hereafter contract
ed; rmr shall a husband alienate the same
without his wife’s consent. No person
shall hold more than one civil office of emol
ument, except that of justice of the peace.
The Legislature may exempt from taxation
§250 worth of lamily property. No corpo
taie body shall ho created, renewed or ex
tended with banking or discounting privi
leges. Private coporations shall be created
.only by two-thirds of both Houses, lodi
viduals shall be forbidden to issue lulls,
j checks, promissory notes, &c., lo circulate
las nroliey. No debts, exceeding 8100,000;
| shnll be contracted by the Legislature, ex
cept in case of war, &c. These are the most
im| ortant general provisions.
Article Bth relates to slaves, and is as
fellows :
Sec. 1. The Legislature shall have no
power to pass laws for the emancipation of
slaves, without the consent of their owners,
nor without paying their owners, previous
to such emancipation, a full equivalent in
money, for the slaves so emancipated. They
shall have no power to prevent emigrants to
this Slate, from bringing with them such
persons as are deemed slaves by the laws
of any of the United States so long as any
person of the same age or description shall
he continued in slavery by the laws of this
State; provided, that such slaves be the
bona fide property of such emigrants; provi
ded also, that laws shall he passed lo pro
hibit the introduction into this State of
slaves who have committed high crimes in
other states or territories. They shall have
the right to pass laws to permit the owners
of slaves to emancipate them, saving the
rights of creditors, and preventing them
from becoming a public charge, l ltey siiail
have full power to pass laws which will
oblige the owners of slaves to treat them
with humanity; to provide for them neces
sary food and clothing; to abstain from all
injuries to them, extending to life or limb;
and in case of their neglect or refusal to
comply with the directions ol such laws, to
have such slave or slaves taken Irom such
owner, ami sold lor the benefit of such ow n
er or owners. They may pass laws to pre
vent slaves from being brought into this
State as merchandize only.
Sec. 2. In the prosecution of slaves for
crimes of a higher grade than petit larceny,
the Legislature shall have no power to dt
piive them cf an impartial trial by a petit
jury.
Sec. !I. Any person who shall malicious
ly dismember, or deprive a slave ot hie,
shall suffer such punishment as would he
iuflicted, in case the like offence had been
committed upon a free white person, and
on the like proof, t xcept in case of insur
rection cfsuch laws.
Article 9th vests the power of impeach
ment in the House, and the trial of tile same
in the Senate.
Article 10th makes it thedutyot the same
in the Sen,ate, to provide for the mainten
ance of public schools. Onetenth of the annu
al revnue derivable from taxation, shall con
stitute a perpetual fund for this purpose. No
public lands, heretofore or hereatter granted
for public schools, shall be disposed of ex
cept by lease not exceeding 29 years.
Article 1 Ith declares all articles for head
right claims to lands issued to fictitious
persons, or which were forged, and all loca
tions and surveys thereon, to be void ltom
tite beginning. The annexed section may
interest many persons.
The District Courts shall be opened until
the first day of July, one thousand eight hun
dred hmj forty seven, for the establishment
of certificates for headrights not recomtnen
ded by the Commissioners appointed un
der the act to detect fraudulent land certifi
cates, and to provide for issuing patents to
legal claimants, and ihe.parlit'seueing shall
produce the like proof, and be subjected to
the requisitions which were necessary and
were prescribed by law, to sustain the -ori
ginal application for the said certificates
above referred to, not established or sued
upon before the periotLlimtted, shall be
barred; and the said certificates and all lo
cation and surveys thereow shall be forever
null and void; and all re-locijjtions made ort
such surveys, shall not be until
tificates are established 48,'above di
rected.
Article 12th establishes a Land- .Qfitce
at the Seat of Government for the registry
of all titles emenating from the Govern
ment.
The Schedule consists of thirteen sec
lions, and is intended to guard against any
inconveniences growing out of the change
ol government. All laws iu force, not re
pugnant to the Cohstitution of the Us S.,
the annexation, resolutions, or the new Tex
as Constitution, shall continue so until they
[VOL. V.—NO 41.
expire bv their own limitation or by action
cf the Legi-latore. An election shall be
held on the 2nd M >nd ty of October, to take
the sense of the people on the New Consti
tution. All voters under ilie existing laws
may vote at this election. II adopted, the
President shall, on or before the 2.J Monday
of November, proclaim the fact, and itaiie
tnit authenticated copies to the President ol
the United States. And on the 3d Monday
of December, the first State election shall
take place. At an early day, a itv r teceiying
official notice of the acceptance of the new
Constitution of the U. S. Cuugress, the Leg
islature of Texas shall be convened, to
canvass the election returns for State offi
cers, to elect U. S. Senators, and to adopt
measures for ceding to the U. S. all public
ed.fices, fortifications, custom houses, etc.
After the inauguration of the new Governor
the President of Texas shall surrender into
his hands the public records, etc. Upon
the organization of the new Stale Govern
ment, the offices of President, etc., shall he
superceded. The fitst general election af
ter the now organization shall take place
on the 1-t Mo day of November, ISI7, and
every two years thereafter. The Ordinance
of the 4th ol July, assenting to the over
tures for annexation from the U. S., shall
form a part of tlie Constitution.
We give the subjoined Ordinance at
length as an important document.
Whereas, various contracts have been en
tered into by the President of the Re
public of Texas with divers individuals;
j with the expressed intention of colonizing
an enormous amount of the public domain
ol Texas; aod, Whereas, it is believed
that said contracts are unconstitutional,
and, therefore, void iron) the beginning
aud if carried out, would operate as a
monopoly of upwards of seven millions of
acres of the public domain of Texas, in
the hands of a few individuals—when, in
truth, the citizen-soldiers and creditors ot
the Republic of Tex ts ha I, by the Laws
and Constitution of said Republic, a clear
and indisputable, previously subsisting
right, to locate upon public domain thus
attempted tube assigned to said coulruc-
Sec. 1. Therefore, it is hereby ordained,
and declared. That it shall be the duty of
the Attorney General of this State, or the
District Attorney of the Distnci in which
any portion of the colonies may be eituate
qs soon as the organization of the Sta e shall
be completed, to institute legal proceedings
against all colony contractors who have en
tered into contracts-with the Piesident of
l exas; and if, upon such investigation, i;
shall be found that such contract was
unconstitutional, illegal or fraudulent, or
that the conditions of thesame have not been
comp'ied with according to its terms, such
contract shall be adjudged and decreed null
and void; provided, however, that actual set
tlers under such contract, shall be entitled
to their quantity of land as colonists—not to
exceed six hundred and forty acres to the
head of a family, and three hundred and twen
ty acres to a single man. And in all suits
brought by, or against any contractors, or
any person claiming under, by or through
them, or either of them, it shall be lawful
for the adverse claimant to set forth any
pica that It would have been competent for
the Slate to plead; and the party may intro
duce testimony to prove the claim or lit e
to have been forfeited, as well for frauds, or
illegality, or unconsi ilutiona'.ity, as on ac
count of a ( failure to comply with tho condi
tions of the original grant or contract; and
any such picas shall be deemed good aud va
lid iu law, in all such suitor suits in thi*
State.
Sec. 2. Be it furthor ordained, That the
Legislature is hereby restrained from ex
tending any conlract for settling a colony;
and from relieving a contract from the fail
ure of the conditions, or tire forfeiture ac
cruing from non-compliance wilh the con
tract.
Sec. 3. And be it further ordained, That
this Ortlc ance shall be presented to the peo
ple for their adoption or rejection, at the same
time that this constitution shall be presented
to them, and the returns of the votes taken
on this Ordinance, shall be made lo the of
fice of Secretary of Slate of the Republic of
Texas, at the same time the votes for the
Constitution may be returned.
Adopted in Convention, this twenty-sev
enth day of August, one thousand eight hun
dred and fortv-five.
TUGS. J. RUSK, President,
Attest.
Jas. H. Raymond,
Secretary ol the Convention.
From the Philadelphia Spirit of pie Times.
EXTENSION OF THE MAGNETIC TEL
EGRAPH.
Appearances indicate that, within the
brief space ol three months, the lines of lel
granliic communication will be completely
iu operation between the principal Commer
cial cities a.ong tne Atlantic, and also with
our Slate capital. Between New York
aud Baltimore, the lines will certainly be
completed, entering at or near Bhilideiphia;
arid hence taking tlnur westerly course, via
Harrisburg, to the Ohio river, on the route
to the Mississippi. There is reason to be
heve that, before the first ofJanuary, telegra
phic lines may be completed beyond N. Y.
to Boston, Albany, Utica, Oswego, and Bui
fnlo. Every link of telegraph that is added
makes the matter more uselul to the public
and more profitable for the companies.
We learn ftom Hairisburg that the State
officers have manifested a commendable in
terest in the enterprise, by ft eely assenting
to the extension of the telegraphic wires
along the lines ol canals and railroads own
ed by the Stale—subject, of course, to the
future action of the legislature, &e. The
memorial from Mr. O’Reilly soliciting this
permission for the paterteesand others in,
teresled in the extension of Morse’s tele
graph, proffered the use of that telegraph
to the State officers fur the transmission of
orders connected wit It the public works,
and for the detection of fugitive crimi
nals, <kc.
The “Alsntir, Lake,& Mississippi Tele
graph line,” as we learn by a circular, Loin
Air. O’Reily, of Albany, (who has charge
of the construction and organization on that
extended range through the middle and
western States,) will unite with the lines
front the seaboard cities at or near Phila
delphia—perhaps at Lancaster or Colum
bia—and will thence sweep through our
Slate capital, on its way to the Ohio river
at Piitsburgand Wheeling, where the “first
section” ol the line terminates. The se
cond seel ion will extend to Cincinnati; the
third to Detroit; aud so onward as fast as
public necessities require the extension - Iu
the correspondence between Mr. O’Reilly
and the State officers, it is stated that this
western lute will be completed to Harris
burg b fore the Ist of December, at farth
est.
The more the telegraph is considered,
the more favor it finds among the communi
ty. Once introduced, the use of it will be
indispensable for business men, and for oth
ers who have hurried communications to
make.
Editors will be brought into speedy and
extensive inteicourse with the telegraph
system; and, from Hie long connexion of
Mi-Kendall aod Mr. O’Reilly with tho
editorial profession, they certainly will not
fail lo see that ihe peculiar wants of “the
craft” are properly coi sidered in tnr ar*
r ingeinents they are making for extending
the telegraph through the United Stales.
From the Morairtg News.
DESPOTISM OF “PROTECTION.”
Among the items of foreign news recent
ly received, is the singular announcement
that the Government of France has again
reduced the number of electors. Outofa
population of 35,C00,GU1) nlv 220,000 per
sons were entitled to vote rdf Deputies and
for Councils for Departments. This small
number luis now again been reduced to less
than 200.000. This number includes all
those eligible as Deputies and qualified to
elect them. Wuh this small number of
persons to control, the French Government
iias at its disposal 500,000 offices, which
receive directly Irom the Government 397.-
351,000 francs nr 874.495,812 salaries, in
addition to monopolies and various emolu
ments of office. This is equal to 2-J offices
to each elector, and one would suppose that
the government was tolerably safe under
such a system. It may however be evi
dence of the advance of the prosperity of
France, notwithstanding the iniquities of
the government, that the numbero! elector*
increases, and the struggle, ofthe govern
ment against their grow ing liberalism is be
come greater. The qualification for elec
i tors after the revolution of July, 1631, was
fixed .-it a payment of 200 francs, direct
taxes, and 25 years of age. This gave 170,-
000 in 1840. which number ro6e to 220,000
in 1844, and isnow by new restrictions again
reduced. Out of 9,105,200 tax payers in
France, only 200,000 have any part in the
government ; all the rest have no rights,
hut toserve in the army of Algiers.
There are two classes of electors in
Fiance—the commercial electors and the
electors of departments. A commune is a
village, orcollecton of hamlets, governed by
a Mayor, appointed by- the • King! and ten
councilmen for 500 inhabitants; and the
hiuliest number of electors isone in 10 in
habitants. These elect tho councilmen.
This council meets only when directed by
the Mayor, ami can discuss nothing but
the question he puts. If they do not decide
as he wishes, they arc dissolved, and the
King appoint* Ins own councilmen. These,
councils have nothing whatever to do wi h
politics; they attend to roads.schools, &.C.,
hut cannot spend a cent lor any such purpose
unless authorized by the King. Os these
communes there are 34,500, and their popu
lation 24,5d0,001). These inhabitants can
not perform a single act that does not fall
under the control of the administration ; a
Fret) liman cannot enter a trade without a
license. Rakers, butchers, porterß and many
others, are monopolies granted by authority.
T e workmen of alt traues must obtain a
book from the police, and their employers
must enter their mines with the nature of
their services A Frenchman can belong to
no society except authoiized by the govern
ment ; he cannot have any arms in his pos
session unless authorized; he cannot go out
ot the district in which he lives without a
pass from the police ; he must show the pas*
whenever ordered by a gen d’arme ; all keep
ers of lodging houses must report to the peace
all who enter their bouses.
There are some of [he privileges of Ihe
French people having no voice whatever
in’their government. Now one of the most
powerful means by which this system is
perpetuated is “protection to home indus
try.” This mass of French people, of
whom 23 952,000 cannot read and write,
are made to believe that the “protective
system” of the government is for the pro
motion of their industry; this system for
the customs and excise and employs 57,270
persons, at salaries of 59.191,000 francs to
collect customs, prevent smuggling, dc,c.,
and these officers are distributed among
the friends of the electors, who aid & abet it.
These persons, with the ministers, who
keep up the farce, point with infinite glee
to the enlightened republicans of America
who impose upon themselves the same ab
surd oppression invented to perpetnate
despotic power.
Il among 20,000,000 republicans, of whom
only 549,000 are unable to read or write, the
absurdity of restricting individual freedom
for the benefit of the national industry, is
countenanced, what may be expected from
24,000.000 of French unable Cb read or write?
flic French population is divided into four
cla-'sev, viz : 27,053,000 who have nothing
to say iu relation to government; 3,342,000
industriels; 1,390,000 professions and people
who live on their income; 1,715,000 depen
dants on ihe government. The industries
are then the only class against which ll?ft
government has to contend, and this is dona
by laponderation des farces; that is “protec
tive taxes” have placed the agriculturalist*
in opposition to the manufacturers, the latter
agamsl the colonists, those against tradesmen
and merchants, the iron master against the
wine grower, &c. Amidst these divers in
terests, blinded by the absurdities of protec
tion, the government has found it au easy
matter to enslave the whole people, and the
more rapidly that their infamous system of
special privileges is countenanced in the U.
States.
Nothing could more |<owerful!y express
the terrible condition of the great masses of
lire poor in England, than the s ! atement made
in Ihe House of Commons by Mr. Wskley
that the paupers of the Poor Law Union m
Hampshire were employed in crushing bones,
and that while so eiup’oyed, they quarrelled
Willi each other for the bits of marrow they
might chance to contain, and gnawed off the
meat front the extremities of the bones. The
Times well remarks that this is “more like
the picture of a dog kennel and of fighting
dogs than ot Englishmen,”
And yet her philanthropists can find means
lo support coailv missionary stations in remote
islands of the sea, and ll|e whole nation would
pour out their treasure like blood to stir up
disaffection in our servile population, When
we see half-starved C"jored laborers quarrel
ing for garbage on which to support existence
we may perhaps be better able to appreciate
the tone of English benevolence, which over
looks scenes of distress immediately at hand,
and seeks scope for action in the imaginary
woes of lands beyond the sea. But till then
we can thank God that ibis brutal and unna
tural struggle for the bare aliment requisite
to sustain life is confined chiefly to the shores
of “merry England” and her dependencies.
In Oregon, the bleitings, of a federal ta
riff do not reach; laborers get *1,75 a day.
Carpenters *3, and goods are cheaper than
in out tax-ridden country! To raise a tariff
on the goods they get, according to coon
policy, woold be to make them cheaper, and
give (he mechanic more cages'. If all clas
ses are benefitled without a tariff in Oregon,
why would not a moderate Tartfi benefit
those who live under *lhe nose of Nabob
Manufactures?—Hi. ClairsttiUe Gazette.
What is money I D’ye give it up. It !•
dew in the morning and mist at night.