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UOLUMBUB, GA.
WEDNESDAY, JULY 8, 18*6.
EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE.
Morrsomr, Ala. July 3d, 1846.
The first Battallion of the Georgia Regiment,
reached this place yesterday, the Cara not being
able to accommodate the whole command. The
3d Battallion under Major Williams, arrived this
morning, and both are encamped on the river
bank a mile and a half from the city. Two of
the Boats chartered to transport us to Mobile are
in right, and we are in hopes of being able to get
under way this evening. I have nothing of in
terest to detail to your readers, except the inci
dents of an extremely hot and fatigueing march
from Columbus to the Rail-Road, On the first
day, very many of the men sunk under it—most
of them from imprudence in the use of water.
The second night, we had the misfortune to lose
• man. His name was Hanson. He joined
CapL Calhoun's company just before we march
ed, and his residence and family seem to be un
known to his associates. He died after a brief
illness, with the canopy of Heaven over him
and his comrades around higj’ His grave was
dug by his company which kept them at work
until daylight; and soon alter reveille his com
pany bore him to the little church yard of Ope
lika, read the funeral services over him, and left
him in his lonely resting place. A clergyman
present, promised to preach his funeral sermon.
Pom fellow ! how soon cut off in the career of
glory or pleasure which his fancy had doubtless
marked out in far-off Mexico. Our surgeon, Dr.
Hoxey, was kept constantly busy on the road.
At present the men are doing well—the sick list
is small for the number of men.
Wc are all anxious to push on and learn our
destination and destiny. We shall probably
. reach the Rio Grande in time to advance with
the army of Gen. Taylor to the table-land of
Mexico, where We shall find a fine country and
a salubrious air, which will be cheaply earned,
at the expense of 6ome knocks from the Mexi
cans.
I shall write more of our progress from Mo
bile.
The corner stone of the new State House is
to be laid here to-morrow (the 4th) with great
pouip and ceremony. Besides the military and
civic powers, I hear that 600 Masons will be out.
I was glad to see some movement among our
citizens, before I left you, towards taking care of
the Rail-Road interests of Columbus.
From all I can learn, Columbus must act in
dependently of all aid and co-operation from this
quarter. I hear that the Montgomery and West
Point company are bent on extending to West
Point, and will not listen to any inducements to
direct it towards Columbus. They rely confi
dently upon the influence of the Geo. R. R.
Company upon future legislation in Georgia to
meet them with a road from the Georgia side at
West Point In short, they hope to realize the
projects that were so signally and so righteously i
defeated at the last session in all their forms. 1
If they will not join Columbus or permit a branch j
to Auburn from Columbus, our city must “pad- ;
die its own Canoe” and stretch out its enterpriz- |
ing arms to other, more distant and more profita- i
We points. Look down South-west towards the
Gulf of Mexico and unite through Columbus, its j
waters with the salt ripple of the Atlantic, and t
the Montgomery and West Point road may build j
where they please. F. j
THE ADMINISTRATION AND MKXI- *
CO. ‘ 1
u Uneasy lies the head, that wears a crown,” 1
though a trite saying, yet, the truth will be ac- *
knowledged by all who ever have been burdened !
with the cares of office, and who when attempting i
to aid the country and promote its best interests, ‘
have met with naught but opposition and un- |
worthy suspician—-such is the fate of the Presi- <
dent: Docs he order the Comtnander-in-Chief i
of the army to the station which the law assigns *
him; the cry is at once raised, that General 1
Scott's political influence is too great at Wash- 1
ington. and is thus sought to be got rid of; does *
he send on the troops which Congress have di- ‘
rrcted him to raise, and the wiseacres discover *
that the Executive is becoming too powerful by 1
this additional force, that so materially enhances
his patronage, and that the policy of the Govern
ment at this juncture should be peace with <
Mexico, in respect for her weakness and total in- i
ability to cope with her powerful neighbor. i
Nothing can more effectually develope the
fickleness of the public mind, than the prevalence
of such a sentiment. At the firstbreath of War,
when the press was teeming with the insults that <
were daily offered to our people on the border, 1
when the foul murder of Cross and the destruc- *
lion of Walker's gallant band was known, the ‘
whole country, as if by preconcerted action,
rose in mass, loudly demanding retributive jus
tice ; powerful appeals were made to the Execu
tive and Congress for aid, and every one hailed :
with joy the approaching rescue, which the ac
tion of the latter so speedily brought forward.
The volunteers accepted by the Government
have been forwarded to the scene of action, but
have barely arrived ere and their recall is sug*
fretted, and are told that a Minister should be |
sent to Mexico to arrange the terms of a treaty,
and that peace should be made with the nation
who have themselves commenced an aggressive
War upon os!
That Mexico is a weak nation and unable,
successfully to cope with the United States has
already been shown, bat not upon that ground
can insult and infamy towards us be tolerated.
“There is a point beyond which forbearance
ceases to be a virtue,” and this Mexico has pass
ed, aye, passed it, long before the annexation of
Texas, and was only forborne with, in consider
tion of her weakness and the then distinctive
state of the country. The “ olive branch” has
keen tendered long and often enough to this stub
born and haughty nation, and if we are again to
tender it as we advance each foot into their ter
ritory, and be again as surely repulsed ; when
is the war to end, or a stop put to the degrada
tion to which we submit ourselves.
Wo have expressed our belief of what will be
‘• the policy of the Government in this difficulty ,
that it will carry the war into the country of the
enemy, until the rulers and people shall be taught
the strength of this Republic and the respect
which is due to it.
The Mexican people arc not the deluded vic
tim* of tlwir leaders in the present contest, as so
many seem to imagine, they are rife for the con
test, and it will be only the want of means to
conduct the war, that ever will bring them to
terms; look to their action at the revolt at Jalisco,
when their hatred towards this country found
mode of expression, and the recall of Santa
Anna desired, that he might more effectually
carry on the war “against Texas and North
America.”
The administration should receive unanimous
support, in the policy it is pursuing, and not
be impeded by the stumbling blocks which are
thrown in the way by the opposition of those,
who pander to the low appetite of avarice to poison
the minds of the people, and to their fear, as they
detail to them the increasing power of the
President We say then, let us carry on the
war, leaving the proffer of peace, to come from
the enemy at such a moment as they may deem
most proprr; if they offer it now and we accept
the terms, they may be highly benefited by the
display of Wisdom and prudence—-do they lose
this moment, the opportunity is presented them
as General Taylor marches to their interior;
they may offer it after the reserve corps of
Paredes have met with the fate of their
comrades at the battles of the Eighth and Ninth,
and as the American ensign is unfurled to
the breeze at Monterey, but if all these oppor
tunities are past by (as possibly they may be) it
will be sued for and with heartfelt anguish when
the American troops are battering down the walls
of their capital.
presi
dent.
We notice with pleasure the appointment of
Mr. R. R. Howard (son of Maj. John H. How
ard of this place) as assistant Quarter-Master,
with the rank of Captain.
Thomas P. Randle of LaGrange received at
the same time the post of assistant Commis
sary with the same rank. They are both young
men of acknowledged worth and ability.
THE SECOND CONGRESSIONAL DIS
TRICT.
A call for a meeting of the Democratic party
has been made, to be held at the Court-House on
Saturday the 11th inst. to appoint delegates to
attend the Convention to be held at Americus,
on the 27th inst.
We think it time the party were moving in
this matter, that suitable arrangements may be
made for the canvass. For ourselves, all that
we ask at the hands of the Convention is a good
and available man, and we pledge ourselves to
support the nomination.
The only essential requisite to our success in
the campaign, is united council—with it, we tri
umph—without it, we must surely fail.
THE WHIG CANDIDATE OP THE
ND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT.
The Whig party of Muscogee, held a meet
ing in this place on the 4th inst. when they ap
pointed delegates to attend their Convention,
which assembles at Americus. A resolution
passed expressing their preference for Wm. H.
Crawford, Esq. as their candidate.
The “ Piney-woods Boy” got tolerably well
scratched last heat, but as towering ambition
often “ o’er leaps itself,” we doubt not, but he will
accept the nomination.
THE N. HAMP
SHIRE.
The Whig Press throughout the Union, have
raised a loud shout of triumph at the result of
the recent elections in the Granite State which
by a coalition alike disgraceful and perfidious, re
sulted in tho selection of a Whig Governor, and
a cast away aspirant for political honors who
had attempted to cling to the skirts of the De
mocratic party, to the U. S. Senate.
We freely accord them all the glory resulting
from such an achievement; the political defec
tion can be but short lived, and will prove a bene
fit to our party, that will serve as an illustra
tion of the happy issue of Democratic rule, as
contracted, to what must prove the result of Whig
and Abolition ascendency, the first step of which
has been to express its disapprobation of the in
stitution of slavery as it exists in the Southern
States, and to pronounce the War with Mexico
as being “ unparalled in the annals of infamy.”
“ The victory in New Hampshire” ! “ The old
granite State all right” ! ! is the triumphant de
claration of tho press of the opposition. Not
remembering that victory at such a cost and with
such allies is a Waterloo defeat; nor even would it
have been secured had not the Democratic party
in full confidence of their power in the State,
(possessing a majority above all opposition)
been blind to this mingling of “Whig and aboli
tion forces, and were found quietly sleeping upon
their oars.
THE *th.
The attention of our citizens had been so much
engaged with the troops who have been quarter
ed at this place, as to preclude the possibility of
making arrangements to publically celebrate the
70th anniversary of our National Indepcndance.
We are pleased to notice the fine appearance
which the two Volunteer Companies (composed
of lads from 8 to 17 and 18 years of age) under
the command ofCapts. Yonge and Rodgers pre
sented. They marched and countermarched
with the precision of regular soldiers.
The patriotic neice of our fellow citizen, T.
A. Brannon, (Miss Julia Fuller,) regaled them
with a collation to which the little chaps done
ample justice, after which the Battalion under
the command of Capt. Yonge, marched through
the streets performing a variety of pleasing ma
noeuvres.
COUNTERFEIT MEXICAN GENER
ALS.
We notice that the goodly citizens of Mont
gomery, LaGrange and other places, have been
most awfully hoaxed by individuals made to per
sonate General Vega, who was represented as
being on his way to Washington. Gen. Vega is
still in New Orleans, though we believe that
permission has been granted him to make a tour
of the United States.
EXECUTION.
The negro boy Clark Watson, the property of
B. V. Iverson, Esq., who was convicted at our
last Inferior Court of Burglary, has been sentenc
ed to be hung on Friday the 7th of August next.
THE NEW CAPITOL.
The foundation of the new Capitol at-Mont
gomery, Alabama, is completed, and the Corner
Stone was laid on the 4th inst. with appropriate
ceremonies under the superintendence of the
Masonic Lodges.
SWORD TO GENERAL MeINTOSH.
The citizens of Savannah have resolved to
present “a sword of handsome and suitable ma
terials and proper devices,” to their fellow towns
man, Lieut. Col. Mclntosh, as “a small but suit
able token of their approbation of his conduct,
and their confidence in his skill, bravery and
patriotism ;” and at a meeting appointed, were
selected a committee to carry out this resolution,
{BRITISH PHILANTHROPY ILLUS
TRATED.
The following from a paper, published in King
ston, Jamaica, will serve to shq,w the real value
of British sympathy for the “ oppressed” Af
rican.
We believe England is the only Christian
nation who publicly makes use of her vessels of
War to carry on the Slave Trade, for, bv no gen
tler title can herinfamous “ Apprenticeship Sys
tem,” be termed.
When an American vessel of War captures a
Slaver, the poor wretches contained therein, are
taken to their homes and their liberty granted
them, while the British Cruizers pack those whom
they capture, off to their Colonies, to load a life
of cruelty and dependence, to which the “ thral
dom of slavery” would prove an ark of safety.
Upon the English Government as relates to
the Slave Trade rests an accumulated load of
guilt; so far from ameliorating, they have added
to the honors accompanying the trafic. “ The
Philanthropy of the English Nation” has ever
been the theme of their orators, and is heralded
from their press, but how justly is the truth of it,
questioned as they are judged by their acts (
“ By their works shall ye know them.”
“By advices received by the last packet we
learn that the Cygnet, one of her Majesty’s ships,
had captured 1067 Africans, who had been sent
to St. Helena. One hundred and twenty-eight
of them have been forwarded to this Island, and
eight hundred and one remained at St. Helena,
disposable among the different colonies. In
the uncertainty as to what number of vessels
may have proceeded to St. Helena for these peo
ple, on behalf of other colonies, the propriety of
sending on more than one vessel for Jamaica was
much doubted, though it seems Mr. Burge, our
agent, was in favor of sending more. It is sta
ted that he had succeeded in procuring one ves
sel, and that it was probable he would have anoth*
er placed at his disposal.”
COLONIZATION.
We call the attention of our readers to the
article in to-days paper by the Rev. T. C. Ben
ning upon the subject of Colonization.
It has been suggested that Dr. Pond be a
candidate for Aldermen in the 4th Ward—We
second the motion.
That flower of Georgia chivalry, General Mi
rabeau B. Lamar, and General Burleston,
it is said are now both with the Texian Volun
teers on the Rio Grande, serving as privates !
THE “FEDERAL UNION.”
We notice a change in the editorial depart
ment of the above ably conducted paper, by the
accession of Jas. W. Armstrong, Esq. who has
purchased the interest owned by Gen. Griffin.
Making Presidents. —>The Louisville Dem
ocrat has a good article on the desperate at
tempts of certain political cliques to ruin Gen
eral Taylor, and in the course of that article,
says: “Let those who would nurse their military
reputation shun the Whig party at this crisis.—
They are absolutely dangerous. They are de
termined on using up somebody as a candidate.
We advise all likely to be pitched upon, to hide
behind the Democratic party, it is their only
place of safety. If the Whigs get hold of them,
they are ruined. They had better stand before
a dozen Mexican armies.”
The “Old North” State. —The Senior
Editor of the Lynchburg Republican, who has
been on a recent visit to North Carolina, speaks
in flattering terms of the prospect of the Demo
cratic party in that State. The election takes
place the first Monday in August, and Mr.
Sheppard,the Democratic candidate[for Governor,
has determined to visit every county in the State
before that time. The “Old North” will stand
redeemed, with the “Old Dominion.”
Purchase of the Public Lands. —'We
learn through the medium of the Green Bay
Republican, that immigrants are continually
flocking into Wisconsin, and that the sale of
the public lands in that quarter is immense and
astonishing. We presume that ere long Wis
consin will be one of the most flourishing, pros
perous and powerful spots on this side of the At.
lantic Ocean.
A Pugnacious Captain. —The Morning
News says that when the call for volunteers was
first made in Missouri, an officer in Cole county
raised with great despatch, a fine company, and
forthwith tendered their services to the Govern
ment. They were kept in suspense for several
days, when they were sent to their homes to
await instructions. Again the trumpet sounded
to arms: volunteers were wanted and would be
received—so the Adjutant General of Missouri
seemed to think. Again the company was mar
ched to Jefferson City, but they were again re
fused. “General,” said the patriotic Captaim
“I raised my company to enter the service of my
country and fight the Mexicans. This is the
second time I have marched them here, in obe
dience to your orders, and their services have
been rejected. I have sworn not to return with
out a fight; and since you have thus refused to
let me fight the Mexicans,l’ll fight the rancheros
or hangers-on of our own camp.” And, “suit
ing the action to the word,” he fell to and gave
the redoubtable Adjutant General of the State of
Missouri as spirited a thrashing as Gen. Taylor
gave the Mexicans at the Rio Grande. When
the official report of th is gallant affair was re
ceived, it was found that there wasMßly one mis
sing.
SUICIDE.
On the evening of the 26th inst., says the
Tallahassee Floridian, Louis Hoc, Jr., put an
end to his existence by shooting himself with a
double barrel gun. He had been for a day or
two laboring under a fit of insanity, and on the
evening above mentioned went out as he said,
for the purpose of hunting-repaired to the
grave-yard, fixed a stick to the trigger, with the
muzzle of the gun to his face, and thus discharg
ed it—the contents blowing all the top of his
head off and scattering his brains in every di
rection. His remains were discovered on the
morning of the 26th, a jury of inquest held, and
the body buried in the evening.
The English Ppess on the Value of Re
publican Institutions. —The London Week
ly Despatch of the 31st ult., after comparing
our reasons for going to war with Mexico to
those assigned by the wolf for going to war
with the lamb, goes on to remark as follows :
“We may differ as to the cause of the war; but
that 50.000 citizens should be ready at once to
advance to the frontier at the peril of life and to
the abandonment of all ether occupations, in a
cause -which they at all events hold to be just,
is a of the tremendous strength and value
of popular institutions, & an obvious example for
the right means of preserving a national securi
ty. The number of volunteers was expected
far to exceed the limit voted. Mexico will ul
timately be no match for its foe, either by sea or
land, and it is therefore consolatory that Presi
dent Polk should declare that he will alwavg be
ready to offer or accept terms of pcace-
The funeral of our respected fellow citizen,
James H. Shorter, took place on Wedrieaiay
afternoon last; the following tribute of respect
was passed at a meeting of Council.
Cotmcil Chamber, July Ist. 18*6.
At a meeting of Council, present Aldermen
Bardwell, Coleman, Holstead, Morton, Quin,
Ruse, Robinson, Woodruff and Wi^feins.
The meeting called for the purpose of render
ing suitable honors to the memory of James H.
Shorter, deceased, as a testimony to a highly
valued member of the City Council of Columbus.
(Alderman Bardwell was called to the Chair.)
By Alderman Quin: Resolved, That in respect
for James H. Shorter, deceased; one of the
members, we do attend his funeral in a body, and
that we meet at this place at 3 o’clock, prepara,
tory to it.—(Adopted.)
Council then adjourned till 3 o’clock this eve
ning.
Agreeably to the above resolution, Council at
tended the funeral of the deceased in a body, af
ter which they returned to the Council Chamber,
(His Honor the Mayor in the Chair.)
Whereupon Alderman Quin offered the follow
ing preamble and resolutions :
Whereas, it has pleased Almighty God in the
dispensation of his wise providence to remove
from amongst us James H. Shorter, one of our
members, whereby this Board has been deprived
ofa useful *nd efficient member, and the commu
nity of a highly valued citizen.
Therefore, Resolved, That in respect for the
deceased, the members of the Board and City
Officers, wear crape on the left arm for the space
of thirty days.
Resolved, That we tender to his bereaved
companion and afflicted family, our sympathy and
condolence in their affliction, knowing that al_
though it may appear a mysterious and incompre
hensible dispensation of the Almighty, yet we
can but believe that it is all right—haviqg the as
surance that He is too wise to err, and too good
to unnecessarily afflict his creatures.
Resolved, That these resolutions be published
in all the city papers, and a copy of the same be
presented to the widow of the deceased by His
Honor the Mayor. —(Adopted.)
CALVIN STRATTON, Cl*k.
FOR THE TIMES.
Messrs. Editors.—l have seen several contra
dictory statements going the rounds of the pa
pers in relation to the pay of the different grades
of officers of the army, all of which are very
unsatisfactory. Should you not consider the
following statement too lengthy for your columns,
you will confer a favor on your numerous read
ers by publishing the annexed. For the sake of
brevity, I omit to give the pay proper of many
officers and attaches of the Army knowing that
it will afford no interest to this statement.
-
1 i fj
•rj £ s
<d O #
Rank and Grade. Sj £ | “g
- 0-0 O
ffo <$ s 0.2 6o
Major General, •” S2OO 16 7 4
Aid-dc-Camp, 54 3 2
Brigadier General, 104 12 6 3
Aid-de-Camp to B. G. 50 3 2
Adjutant General, 90 6 5 2
Assistant do. do. to rank
as Major, 60 4 4 2
Assistant do. do. to rank
as Captain, 60 4 3 1
Inspector General, 90 6 5 2
Quarter-Master Gen’l., 104 12 5 3
Ast. do. do. do: 90 6 5 2
Dep. do, do. do. 75 5 4 2
Quarter Master, 60 4 4 2
Ast. do. do. 50 4 3 i
Pay Master General,* 3500
Pay Master, 00 4 4 3
Com’y. Gen’l. of subsis
tence, 90 0 5 2
Ast. do. do. do. 75 5 4 2
Commissary of do.j’ 60 4 4 3
Ast. do. do.s 50 4 3 1
Surgeon General,]| 2500
do. of 10 years service, 60 8 4 3
do. of less than 10 y’rs.
service, 60 4 4 2
Ast. Surgeon Os 10 do do 50 8 3 l
do. do. of 5 do. do. 50 4 3 l
do. do less than 5 do. do.§ 400 4 2 i
Commissary General of
Store-keeper of clothing
department, 40 4 l
Chaplain not to exceed 40 4
ARTILLERY & INFANTRY
Colonel. $75 6*2
Lieut. Colonel, 00 5 3 2
Major, 50 4 3 2
Adjutant, 403 2 i
Captain, 40 4 1
Ist. Lieutenant, 30 4 1
2d do 25 4 1
Sergeant Major, 17
Qr. Master Sergeant, 17
Principal Musicians of
Infantry, 17
Ist Sergeant, 16
Ordnance Sergeant, 19
Corporal, 9
Musician, 8
Private, 7
In addition to the pay of the above, a com
manding officer of a company is entitled to $lO
per month for responsibility of arms and clothing.
Officers subsistance is commuted at 20 cents
per ration ; and forage at SB, per month for each
horse.
Officers are entitled to the pay of private sol
dier $2 50 per month clothing, and one ration
per day for each private servant.
I will here remark, that the above statement
is in conformity with the old law regulating the
pay of officers and privates, and which has un
dergone very little if any change under the act
recently passed by Congress. V.
* Per Year.
1 With the rank of Major,
t With the rank of Captain.
|| Per Year.
§ Per Year.
U Per Year.
The Pine Tree. —The Editor of the Far
mer’s Library is writing for that valuable work,
Notes of his late trip to the South and West. In
speaking of the Turpentiue region of North Car
olina, he says,—
“The time is approaching, according to the
opinion of judicious observers on the spot, when
scarcely a vestige will remain of this valuable
and majestie tree, where now it is so flourishing
and abundant. Let me be understood. In the
boyhood of men fifty years old, it was a part of
children’s play to bend down the young pine
growth in the woods, to ride upon. They were
of that size, as common then, as the large growth
is now, and only of two, three or four years
growth, and about the size of a walking-cane
stripped of the bark, and about five, six, or sev
en feet high. That same generation is now as
large as an Alderman’s leg; but here is the won
der ! There is none of that age or kind in pre
paration by Nature, as successors to the present
stock in Carolina. It is rarely that one is to be
found; and yet the seed, (or mast as it is called,)
is as abundant as ever, and vegetates as thickly
as it ever did; but it soon disappears. After it
is the size of wheat in November, little more of
it is ever seen. The impression of those who
have most closely noticed these facts personally
is, that the present generation of pine will be
seen in North Garolina, perhaps forever”
Is this so? Though we live in the heart of
this pine region, we never heard of this remark
able fact, if it be such. Some of our practical
turpentine makers can probably tell. If it be
true, may it not be caused, not by any “mysteri
ous operation of Nat ure” but by the annual burn
ing to which the whole face of the country is
subjected—very injudiciously as ws always
thought ?—( Fayetteville (N. C.) Observer
PROCLAMATION OP BLOCKADE.
By virtue of authority vested in me by the
Government of the United States of America, I
hereby declare the Ports of Vera Cruz, Alvardo,
Tampico, and Matanioras, in the Republic of
Mexico* to be in a state of rigorous Blockade
by the ships and vessels under my command.
The blockade will be extended to the remain
ing Ports and Rivers of that Republic on the
Gulf of Mexico, as soon as circumstances will
permit—of which due notice Will be gtveh.
This Proclamation is made for the informa
tion of all concerned; and a copy of the Instruc
tions given to the Blockading Squadron, is an
nexed.
Given under my hand this fourteenth day of
May, A.D. 1846, on board the U. S. ship Cum
berland, off Brazos Santiago.
(Signed) D. CONNER,
Commanding U. S. Home Squadron,
Instructions to be observed by the officers
commanding vessels of the Home Squadron, in
enforcing the Blockade of Ports of the east coast
of Mexico:
Ist. No neutral Vessels proceeding towards the
entrance of the blockaded port shall be captur
ed or detained, if she shall not previous have re
ceived from one of the Blockading Squadron a
special notification of the existence of the block
ade. This notification shall be moreover in
serted in writing on the musterroll of the neutral
vessel by the cruizer which meets her, and it
shall contain the announcement together with
statements of the day and the latitude in which
it was made.
2d. Neutral vessels which may be already in
the Port before the blockade of it, shall have full
liberty to depart, with or without cargo, during
fifteen days after that upon which the blockade
is established.
3d. The Ports of Nera Cruz and Tampico
will remain entirely free for the entrance and
departure of neutral non-commercial mail-pack
ets.
Mexican boats engaged exclusively in fishing
on any part of the coast, will be allowed to pur
sue their labors unmolested.
In its present political condition, the flag of
Yucatan is to be respected
(Signed) D. CONNER.
Commanding Home Squadron.
U. S. Ship Cumberland, off Brazos.
THE AMERICAN COLONIZATION SO
CIETY.
To the Editors of the Savannah Republican :
Gentlemen :—The undersigned has recent
ly been appointed agent of the above named So
ciety, for the States of Georgia and Florida, and
with your kind permission, will make a few brief
statements in reference to the same.
This Society was formed in Washington City
December, 1861, by a company of benevolent
and patriotic gentlemen, among whom was Judge
Washington, John Randolph, W. H. Crawford,
Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay, Robert Finlay, C.
F. Mercer, and others ; and upon the adoption
of its Constitution, Bushrod Washington was
elected President, and among its first Vice-Presi
dents are found the names of Win.’ 11. Crawford,
Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay and Robert Fin
lay.
The second article of the Constitution reads as
follows, to wit: “The object to which its atten
tion is to be exclusively directed is, to promote
and execute a plan for colonizing, with their
own consent, the free people of color residing in
our country, in Africa, or such other place as
Congress shall deem expedient. And the Socie-r
ty shall act, to effect this object, in co-operation
with the General Government, and such of the
States as may adopt regulations on the subject.”
The first small band of emigrants left this
country in 1820, but no permanent settlement
was made till about the close of the year 1822,
when the present colony of Liberia was settled
at Cape Mesurado, and a town commenced nam
ed Monrovia, in honor of President Monroe, who
was a firm friend of this noble enterprise. The
colony now numbers about 4,000 emigrants and
their descendants, besides 10,000 to 15,000 na
tives, who live on the lands of the colony and
have become incorporated in its Government. A
number of the interior tribes and towns, number
ing, according to their own statement, over 100,-
000, have submitted to and come under the Go
vernment of the colony.
The great objeet of the Society, it will be seen,
is to provide for the colonizing the free people ol
color, with their own consent, on the Western
coast of Africa; and it is one of those schemes
ofbenevolence which originated in the broadest
philanthropy, aud appeals to the most enlarged
principles of Christianity for countenance and
support.
The free colored people in this country are in
circumstances which challenge forthem our sym
pathies. They are degraded in the scale of socie
ty—they are eminently in an inferior condition,
and the very frame-work of society around them
tends to depress them still lower. No other
scheme has yet been devised which promises as
much for them as colonization! It proposes to
rescue them from their civil, social, and religions
depression, and place them in a country’ of their
own, where such influences will be forever re
moved, and where they will enjoy the full bless
ings of civilization and Christianity—to invite
and call into action all their powers, to inspire in
them laudable motives of ambition, to incite them
to personal aspiration as men, and finally to con
vert, through them, the wide regions of African
barbarism, into a garden of civilization, and to
make it an eminent portion of Christendom; to
substitute the songs of freedom and true religion,
for the groans and dispairing cries of the victims
of superstition.
Again, colonization promises more for Africa
and her 150,000,000 of heathens than any other
scheme of benevolence which has ever yet been
devised, for it cannot be any longer a question,
that if ever Africa is enlightened and redeemed
from heathenism and converted to Christianity,
it must be done through the instrumentality of
colored men. White men cannot live and labor
iongt there ! and yet, it is as healthy for the col
ored man as any other rich new country', of
■Which we have any knowledge. Does the friend
and patron of missions seek a field broad as his
benevolence, and ripe to the harvest] Here it
is!—Africa, witn her teeming millions! Every
company of emigrants sent out by this Society
may be regarded as a band of missionaries; they
go to that country with some knowledge of the
Gospel; they are generally accompanied by Min
isters of Christ; they form there as a Christian
Society, with their schools and churches, and
they become a powerful centre of civilization and
religion. How mighty must be such a congre
gation, with their Minister and Sabbath school,
upon the surrounding natives and tribes of hea
thens] and how rapid must be the triumphs of
the Gospel under such circumstances] What an
immense light will go out to dispel the darkness
which now pervade the interior of that vast
continent!
There is not an instance of such unparalleled
prosperity in the history of any other colony now
on record, and I may add, for the number of emi
grants, (many of whom were slaves, manumit
ted,) no community in any newly settled coun
try can present a greater number of churches
und church members, in proportion to its popu
lation, than the colony of Liberia. Up to the
close of last year, there were 23 churches, among
Methodists, Baptists and Presbyterians, and 1474
church members, 353 of the number being con
verted heathens. The Hon. H. Clay isthe Pre
sident, and there are 62 Vice Presidents, among
whom are the names of Jas. O. Andrew, D. D.,
Bishop of the M. E. Church South, and Robert
Campbell, both of Georgia.
Any communications to me upon this subject,
maybe addressed to this city.
T. C. BENNING.
Savannah, Georgia.
SnocKiNG Outrage.— B.G. Simms, a high
ly respectable and worthy citizen of Hinds coun
ty, Miss., was shot dead in the streets of Ray
mond, by a man named Saunders. The Vicks
burg Sentinel says, Saunders is said to be a
stranger, and no provocation to the deed is
known, except that he himself states that the
deceased had threatened to shoot him. He shot
his unfortunato victim twice, who expired al
most immediately. Mr. Simms leaves a most
interesting family to mourn his tragic and bloody
death, and their own irreparable bereavement
The wretched homicide was instantly apprehend
ed, an 1 has been committed to await his trial—-
Saunders was Mr. Simms’ overseer,
LOUIS NAPOLEON.
The following letter from Louis Napoleon to
a Paris sets forth, in a very interesting
manner, the particulars of his interesting escape
from the Castle at Ham.
My Dear M. Dcgeorge. —My desire to see my
father once more in this world, made me attempt
the boldest enterprise I ever engaged in; It re
quired more resolution and courage on my part
than at Strasburg and Bologne, for I was deter
mined not to submit to the ridicule which attach
es to those who are arrested escaping under a
disguise, and a failure I could not have endured.
The following are the particulars of my escape:
You know that the fort was guarded by 400
men, who furnished daily 60 soldiers, placed as
sentries outside the walls. Moreover, the prin
cipal gate of the prison was guarded by the goal
ers two of whom were constantly on duty.- It
w r as necessary that I should first elude their vigi
lance, afterwards traverse the inside court, before
the windows of the commandant’s residence;
and, arriving there, I should be obliged to pass
by a gate which was guarded by soldiers;
Not wishing to communicate my design to any
one, it was necessary to disguise myself. As
several rooms in the part of the building I occu
pied were undergoing repairs, it was not difficult
to assume the dress of a workman. My good
and faithful valet, Charles Theiin, procured a
smock frock and a pair of sabots, (wooden shoes,)
and after shaving off my moustaches, I took a
plank on my shoulders.
On Monday morning, I saw the workmen en
ter, at half-past 8 o’clock. Charles took them
some drink, in order that I should not meet any
of them on my passage. He was also to call one
of the gardiens (turnkeys,) w'hilst Dr. Conneau
conversed with the others. Nevertheless, I had
scarcely got out of my room, before I was accost
ed by a workman, who took me for one of his
comrades, and at the bottom of the stairs I found
myself in front of the keeper; Fortunatch', I
placed the plank I Was carrying before my face,
and succeeded in reaching the yard. Whenever
I passed a sentinel or any other person, I always
kept the plank before my face.
Passing before the first sentinel, I let my plank
fall, and stopped to pick up the bits. There I
met the officer on duty, but, as he was reading a
letter, he did not pay attention to me. The sol
diers at the guard-house appeared surprised at my
dress, and a drummer turned round several limes
to look at me. I next met some workmen, who
looked very attentively at me. I placed the plank
before my face, but they appeared to be so curi
ous, that I thought I should never escape them,
until I heard them cry, “ Oh! It is Bernard!”
Once outside, l walked quickly towards the
road of St. Quentin. Charles, who the day be*
fore had engaged a carriage, shortly overtook
me, and we arrived at St. Quentin.
I passed through the town on foot, after hav
ing thrown off my smock frock. Charles pro*
cured me a post-chaise, under pretext of going to
Cambrai. We arrived, without meeting with
many obstacles, at Valenciennes, where I took
the railway. I had procured a Belgian passport,
but nowhere was I asked to show it.
During my escape, Dr. Conneau, always so
devoted to me, remained in prison, and caused
them to believe I was ill, in order to give me time
to reach the frontier. It was necessary to be
convinced that the Government would never set
me at liberty before I could be persuaded to quit
France, if I would not consent to dishonor my
self. It was also a matter of duty that. I should
exert all my powers to be able to console my fath
er in his old age.
Adieu, my dear M. Degcorge ; although free,
I feel myself to be most unhappy. Receive the
assurance of my sincere friendship, and, it you
are able, endeavor to be useful to mv kind Con*
neau. LOUIS NAPOLEON.
From the N. O. Delta,
OUR TRADE WITH INDIA AND CHI
NA.
By the recent opening of China to the trade
of the world, anew era will commence in the
history of that country, as regards its recourse
with the commercial nations of the earth. Al
though we cannot approve exactly of the flimsy
pretext under which England took Upon herself
the task of bombarding the principal ports of the
Celestial Empire, yet no one can doubt but that
it will ultimately prove of immense advantage,
not only to the “outside barbarians,” but also
to China herself. It will present anew field of
enterprize to the merchant, where he can dis
pose of the products and manufactures of his
countrymen; and thi historian and the man of
letters will find his reward in the additional fa
cilities olVered to him in studying the history,
manners and customs of three hundred millions
of people, which have yet been to him little bet
ter than a scaled book. The history of the illus
trious kinsman of the Sun, Moon and Stars, and
of the princes of Souchong and Tvvankay, will
form an interesting addition to the annals of our
mother earth. A clear and succinct account of
their manner of administering justice, and of their
proficiency of in the use of the bowstring, Would
do away with the necessity of imposing fines up
on absent jurors, and would greatly add to our in
formation respecting the duties required from the
hands of the last dread minister of the law.
But, however much we may desire information
upon these important points, wc must leave their
discussion to some other opportunity. The de
sign of our present article is to consider what
effect the opening of the Chinese ports will have
upon our trade and commerce. England has
long discovered the importance of a quick and
constant communication with India and China.
By the establishment, at an immense expense, of
an overland mail, she has brought Bombay and
Calcutta within thirty days travel from Liverpool
and London. The arrival of the mails from
that distant part of the World can be calculated
on with as much certainty, if not more, than the
arrival of our own mail from the North; and
she is constantly upon the qui vice to find out
another route whereby to shorten the time and
distance. The citizens of the United States,
too, generally receive their latest intelligence
from the East via Great Britain.
The recent settlement of the Oregon question,
and the probable acquisition of California, will
give us the absolute possession and control of all
ports on the Pacific of any consequence. Situat
ed as we are, midway between two great oceans,
it entirely rests with our citizens, in furnishing
quick and sufficient means of transmit across the
continent, to make the United States the high
way over which Europe must travel to keep up
her communication with Asia. Considering the
magnitude and importance of the objects to be
accomplished, the splendid results that would
follow from their adoption, the expense of build
ing a railway to some point on the Pacific, and
the establishment of the electric telegraph, sink
into comparative insignificance. The United
States would then become the depot where
would be stored, for the use of the world, the
rich and varied productions oflndia and China.
The vast amount of wealth that would flow into
our midst, would act as a mighty lever to raise
us up to a pinnacle of commercial affluence hith
er to unattained by ancient or modern nations,
If, then, the view we have taken of the case be
correct, and the positions we have assumed are
tenable, and of which there can be little doubt,
is it not the interest and duty of every well-wish
er to the prosperity and happiness of his country,
to endeavor to secure to it the advantages that
would result from the adoption of such a course
as we have pointed out. There is no time to be
lost in debating and arguing the subject, for
whilst we are talking about it, other nations will
act. The recent surveys that have been made
of the Isthmus of Panama, under the direction of
both England and France, clearly show that
those two nations arc fully sensible of the advan
tages that would result from a closer connection
between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The
tedious passage of the Cape they are determined
to do away with, as the time that it occupies is
far behind the go-ahead spirit of this steam and
lightning age.
And lastly, are the United States willing to
see a second Gibraltar established almost upon
their borders ! On the payment of a considera
tion in money, we have no doubt full permission
will be granted to arty power that may wish to
construct a canal through the narrow neck of
land connecting the continents of North and
South America. Supposing that canal should
still into the hands of a powerful maritime nation
like Great Britain, whose immense fleets, in time
rf war, could, with the assistance ot powerful
k’trcries and defences on shore, reader !t im
pregnable against the attacks of a World in arms:
> this, we should say, is not a consummation de
r voutly to be wished for. It is not only within
’ the bounds of possibility, but of probability.
England hasher eye upon it. The United
States must be up and doing. The prize is too
’ rich to allow it to escape,—for if it should, it will
t be an eternal blot upon the energy and entcr
. prize of our county, and the injury that would
t flow from it would be almost beyond remedy.
RE VOLUTION ARY’IFaLE.
One pleasant evening ill the month of June*
a man was observed entering the borders of a
woods near the Hudson River ; his appearance
was that of a person above the common rank.
The inhabitants of a country village would haVe
dignified him by the rtdnie of ’Sqtiire, and from
his manner would have prdnotlnfed him proud,
but those more accustomed to society would in
form you there was something like a military air
about him. His horse panted as if it had been
pushed for some miles, yet from the owner’s fre
quent stops to caress the patient animal, he
could not be charged with want of humanity, but
seemed to be actuated by sonic urgent necessity.
The rider forsaking and good road for a path lead
ing through the woods, indicated a desire to
avoid the gaze of other travellers. He had not
left the house where he inquired the direction of
the above mentioned path more than two hours,
before the quietude of the place was disturbed by
the noise of thunder. He tvfis soon after Obliged
to dismount, travelling Incoming dangerotis as
darkness concealed the surrounding objects* ex
cept when the lightning’s terriflt* flash afforded
a momentary view of his situation. A peal
louder ami of longer duration than any previous
ly heard, which now burst over his head, seemed
as if it would rend the woods asunder, was quick
ly followed by a heavy fall Os rain, Which pene
trated the clothing of the stranger, ere he could
gain the shelter Os and large oak, which stood at a
little distance.
Almost exhausted with the labors of the day,
he was about making such disposition of the sad
dle and his own coJt, as would enable him to
pass the night with what comfort circumstances
would permit, when he espied a light glimmering
through the frees. Animated with the hope of
better lodgings, he determined to proceed. Tho
way, which was steep, became attended with
more obstacles as he advanced, the soil being
composed of clay. Which thfe fgifi had rendered
so soft that his lcet slipped every step. By th
utmost care, this difficulty was finally overcome
without any accident, afit! be found himself in
front of a decent looking farm house. The
watch dog began barking, which brought the
owner of the mansion to the door.
“Who is there ]” said h£.-
“A friend who has lost his way, and is in search
of shelter,” was the reply.
“Come in,” added the first speaker, “and
whatever my house will afford, you shall have
with welcome.
“ I must first provide for the companion of my
journey,” remarked he.
But the farmer undertook the task, and after
conducting the new comer into the room‘where
his wife was seated, he led the horse to a well
stored barn, and there provided for him most
bountifully. On rejoining their traveller, he ob
served, “that is a noble animal of yours, sir.”
“Yes,” was reply, “and lam to mis
use him, so as toqnake it ficCeasa&y to give you
much trouble with she cure Os him ; but I have
yet to thank you for yhur kimkfess to both of us.”
“ I did no more than sir,” said the
entertainer* “and Uffi entitled to no
thanks. But, Susan*” added, he, turning to the
hostess with a look, “why haVd
you not got something to cat I”
“ Fear the goad ataman from
exercisin JPer well known benevolence ; for a
robbery had been committed by a lawless band of
depredators but a feVv days before in the neigh
borhood, and a report stated the ruffians Were
well dressed, her imagination suggested that this
man might be ofie of them.
At her husband’s remonstrance, she Was
readily engaged in repairing her error, by prepar
ing a plentiful repast. During the meal there
was much interesting conversation between tho
three. As soon as the worthy countryman per
ceived that his guest had satisfied his appetite, he
informed him that it Was now the hour at which
the family usually performed their evening de
votions, inviting him to be present. The invi
tation was accepted in these Words :
“ It Would afford me the fffeatest pleasure to
commune with my HcavenjjF Preserver. Astor
the events of the day, siidWexercise prepares us
for the repose w hich we in sleep.”
The host now renclra lfW Bible from the
shelf, and after chiller and singing,
concluded the whole with a fervent prayer, then
lighting a pine knot, conducted the person ho
had entertained to his chamber* wishing him a
good night’s rest, and retired to an adjoining
apartment.
“ John,” whispered the woman, “that is a
good gentleman, and not one of the highwaymen
as I supposed.”
“Yes, Susan,” said he, “I like him better for
thinking of his God, than for all his inquiries
after our welfare. I wish our Peter had been
from the army to hear this mail talk ; I am sure
Washington himself could not say more for his
country, nor give a better history of the hardships
endured by our brave soldiers.”
“Who knows now,” enquired the wife, “ but
it may be himself, after all, for they say he trav
els, so all alone, sometimes. Hark! what’s
that!”
The sound of a voice came from the chamber
of the guest; who was now engaged in his pri
vate religious worship. After thanking the
creator for his many mercies, and asking a bless
ing on the inhabitants of the house, he continued:
and now Almighty Father, if it is thy holy will
that We shall obtain a place and name among
the nations of the earth, grant that we be enabled
to show our gratitude for thy goodness by en
deavoring to obey thee. Bless us with wisdom
in our councils, success in battle, and let our
victories be tempered with humanity. Endow
also our enemies with enlightened minds, that
they may become sensible of their injustice, and
willing to restore us our liberty and peace.—
Grant the petition of thy servant for the sake of
Him whom thou hast called thy Son, neverthe
less, let not my will but thine be done, Amen.
The next morning* the traveller declined the
pressing solicitations to breakfast with his host,
declared it was necessary for him to cross the
river immediately, at the same time offering a
part of his purse as a compensation for the at
tention he had received, whi ,’i was refused.
•‘Well, sir,” continued he, “since you will
not allow me to recompense you for your trouble,
it is but just that I should inform you on whom
you have conferred so many obligations, and also
to add to them by requesting your assistance in
crossing the river. I had been out yesterday in
endeavoring to obtain some information respect
ing our enemy,[and being alone, went too far from
our camp, on my return I was surprised by a
foraging party, and only escaped by my knowl
edge of the roads and the fleetness of my horse.
My name is George Washington.
Surprise kept the listener silent for a moment;
then after unsuccessfully repeating his invitation
to partake of some refreshments, he hastened to
call two negroes, with whose assistance he plac
ed the horse on a raft of timber that was lying
near the door, and soon conveyed the General to
the other side, where he left him to pursue his
way to the camp, wishing him a prosperous jour
ney. On his return to the house, he found that
while he was engaged in making preparations
for conveying the horse across the river, his illus
trious guest had succeeded in persuading the
woman to accept a token of remembrance, which
the family are proud of exhibiting to this day.
The above is one of the mar.y hazards encoun
tered by this truly great patriot, for the purpose
of transmitting to posterity the treasures we now
enjoy. Let us acknowledge the benefits received,
bv our endeavoring to preserve them in purity,
and bv keeping in remembrance the great source
whence these blessings come, be enabled to ren
der our names worthy of being enrolled with that
of “the Father ofhis Country 4 ”
What’s in a Name] —Among the vagrants’
committed by Alderman Fletcher, ofMoyamen
sing, Philadelphia, were three colored men, who
gave their names as George Wsshington, An
drew Jackson and Sidney Smith.
During the last twelve years one hundred new
streets have been added, each year, to the city of
London. _