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COLUMBUS, GA.
WEDIBSDAT, JULY 90, 1846.
GEORGIA WHIGS AND THE TARIFF.
It is carious enough to see the comments of
t ie Whig press of Georgia upon the biH recent
ly passed by the House of Representatives, mo
difying the tariff! From “tlieir tone, it might be
supposed that they bad been all along most stren
uously a1 v oca ting its reduction, arid that they
were greatly enraged against the Democracy for
defeating a favorite measure, in preventing a
sufficient reduction of the duties. They com
pel that the reduction amounts to almost noth
ing and that the present bill imposes a high du
ty on this, and a high duty on that, and they
raise a loud cry that on salt a duty of twenty
per cent, has been imposed. Well, it is true that
the bill is not such as we would have it; it is I
true, that upon some articles, high duties are re
tained, but nevertheless, the bill in question is a
-great improvement upon that of 1842. Upon
a few articles and those not of general necessi
ty, the duty exceeds 30 per cent Below is a
list of articles upon which the duty execeds 30
per ernt; the duty on those in schedule A. being
■one hundred per cent, and on those in schedule
I, 40 per cent Upon examination it will be
found that they are mostly luxuries, in the strict
est sense of the term, and that no amount of
duty upon them could afford any protection to
any article of production in this country, or oper
ate with any severity upon the poor.
ScHxnuLK a.—Brandy and other spirits dis
tilled from grain, or other materials; cordials, ah
synthe, arrack, curacoa, kirsclvenwaseer, liquers,
maraschino, ratafia, and all other spirituous bever
ages of a similar character.
Schedule I.—Alabaster and spar ornaments.
almonds; anchovies, sardines, and all other fish
preserved in oil; camphor refined ; cassia ; cloves;
composition tops for tables, or other articles of
furniture ; comfits, sweetmeats, or fruit preserved
in sugar, brandy, or molasses; currants; figs;
ginger roots, dried or green; glass cut; mace;
manufactures of ceder wood, granadilla, ebony,
mahogany, rosewood, and stain wood; nutmegs;
pimento; prepared vegetables, meats, poultry,
and game sealed or enclosed in cases, or other
wise ; prunes; raisins; scagliola tops for tables,
or other articles of furniture; sugars, snuff, paper
sugar*, and all other manufactures of tobacco;
wine*, Burgundy, champagne, claret, Madeira,
port, sherry, and all other wines and imitations
of wines.
It is true, that 6ome of the Whig presses seem
to have had their sense of justice greatly shock
ed at the idea of imposing a duty of a hundred
per cent upon spiritous liquors and only 40 per
cent, upon wines, making as they say, the duty
higher “upon the Whiskey of the poor than up
on the gentleman's wine.” Now every body
knows that there is no liquor manufactured
abroad which, at all comes in compction with
Whiskey, and that it cannot be in the slighest
degree affected by any duty on foreign importa
tions.
These constitute the list of articles on which
• duty higher than 30 per cent, is retained, and
as we have already said, most of them are strictly
articles of luxury. Upon hundreds of articles
of commerce and general use, the duty has been
very greatly reduced, for very many of those
which pay only thirty under the bill in question
now pay under the act of 1842, from fifty to
150 per cent. Even the article of salt, under
the Whig tariff* pays a duty of about a hundred
per cent., and yet these gentlemen have the grace
to raise a great outcry against a duty of 20 per
cent., under a Democratic tariff.
The duty on many articles is higher than it
ought to b<v consistently with justice to the peo
ple, but surely this ought to be no objection to
Georgia Whigs. So far from complaining of
the Democrats for this, they ought to laud them
for their moderation.
Although the provisions of the bill are far
from satisfactory to us, yet it is certainly a very
great improvement upon the existing tariff—for
the purpose of showing this, we subjoin a few
articles with the duties paid under the present ta
riff! All woollen goods with very few excep
tions, now pay a duty of 40 per cent., anil on
many of them, it is much higher—ready made
clothing 60 per cent.—plain cotton goods from
30 to 150 per cent,, according to its cost—Cali
co** the same—Molasses about 100 per cent.—
Sugar from 30 to 1 5, according to quality—the
lower priced article always paying the higher
percent. Thus—the lowest duty paid on plain
white cotton goods is 6 cents the square yard,
and the 6 is charged, whether it cost 6 cents per
yard or 20; so that if it cost 6 center the duty is
100 per cent—if it cost 20 cents the duty is 30
per cent. So with Calico—the lowest duty is
9 cents the square yard—that which costs 9 cts.
therefore paya 100 per cent,, while that which
cost 30 cents pays only 30 per cent.
Bugar pays a duty of 2$ cents per pound—
if it cost 5 cents per pound the duty if 50 per
*ent.—if it is cents, the duty is 33$ per cent
In this one particular, therefore, there is at least
great improvement—the low priced articles
which are used by the poor are reduced so as to
pay the same duty in - proportion to cost, as the
high-priced articles.
Cotton goods costing 6 cents the square yard,
will now pav a duty of 1 cent and 8 mills, which
under the Whig tariff paid 6 cents.—Calico that
cort 9 cento, will now pay a duty of 2 cents and
7 milk, which under the Whig tariffpays 9 cts;
and it will be found .upon examination that upon
most of those in general use by the mosses, there
has been *omp reduction, and in many cases a
very large one.
That the reduction has not Been larger is the
fault of the Whigs. It was to be expected that
Ihere would be found in the Democratic party
men whoae personal interests would exert upon
*be* a stronger influence than their principles—
and it m some particulars, concessions had to
he made to then for the purpose of receiving
their support, it was surety better than by insist
ing upon all, to low aIL A triumph will have
been achieved in favor of the people if this bill
shall pas* th Senate.
UFB AND WRITINGS OF ALEXAN
DER HAMILTON.
A bill has passed the Senate appropriating
$20,000 to Mes. Gen. Hamilton, “erhenahe shall
have delivered to the librarian of Congress a
t housand copies’* of the writings of her husband
which she ha s in contemplation to publish.
Hamilton left all his political papers by will, to
his wife, and they have never made public,
The piper? embrace the period of the- war of
lnifapriW isi ; the history of the fofMtion and
adoption of the Federal Constitution a lull
and satisfactory history of President \Va?hing
too • policy and adminastraiiou.
MESSRS. TOOMBS AND STEPHENS.
Some of the Whig papers are making quite
a parade about the votes of the above named gen
tlemen, on the amendment,to the tariff, making
salt a free article. They must suppose their rea
ders very green to be Imposed on by such tricks.
It is true, these gentlemen voted to make salt
free, but no intelligent man believes they would
have voted for the Bill if it had been so amend
ed, and by endeavoring to defeat the Bill, they
kne w they were substantially voting for 100 per cL
on salt, instead of 20 as proposed by Gen’l. Me
Kay’s Bill. Under the act of 1842, ( passed by the
Whigs,) the duty on some kinds of salt and su
gar is over “100 per cent., yet these gentlemen
who are such friends of the poor are willing to
let this act remain in force with all its abomina
tions. If the Whigs are opposed to the act of
1842, and did not like the Bill reported by Gen.
McKay, why did not they offer a substitute, or
are they like the mocking-bird, mocking all oth
ers, yet having no note of its own.
GEN. TAYLOR’S PROCLAMATION.
The proclamation of the Commander of the
‘•Army of Occupation” which we publish to-day,
is now in progress of circulation among the Mex
ican People printed in both the Spanish and
English languages.
How admirably does it contrast in its modest,
yet expressive tone to the over-wrought and ri
diculous manifesto of Gen. Arista to the Ameri
can forces in which he graciously promised them,
“protection, and the privilege of becoming peace
ful Mexican citizens!”
As potent as the American Arms will prove
in subduing the hasty wrath of the Mexican na
tion, this proclamation will prove equally effa
cacious, it will kill opposition, while it produces
no wound, and show how the pen may prove as
mighty as the sword.
FLORIDA.
Wm. A. Kain, Esq. of Apalachicola, has
been unanimously nominated by the De
mocratic Convention held at the Lower Mineral
Springs, Florida, on the 13th inst. as a candi
date to represent that State in Congress.
Lieut. Jordan of the Bth infantry has been
presented with an elegant Sword by the citizens
of Canton, Mass., as a mark of their “respect for
his brave conduct, at the battles of Palo Alto
and Reseca de la Palma.” It was presented on
the 13 th inst.
DEAD LETTERS.
The P. M. General comlemplates a change in
the dead tetter department, by which all business
letters, are to be returned to their writers whether
they contain money er not. This upon the
English plan.
ftj* The steam ship Great Britain arrived at
New-Yorkon the 20th inst, making, the quick
est trip from Liverpool to New York on record,
running time 12 days and 11 hours. Nothing
additional by her, to the news brought by the
Cambria.
NEW YORITADVERTISEMENT.
Our merchants visiting New-York for the pur
pose of getting their fall supply of goods, have
a handy business directory, in the advertisement,
headed “ New York fall trade,” in another co
lumn.
RAIL-ROAD TO OREGON.
The project of the establishment of a Rail-
Road communication with Oregon, which, was
agitated some time since, has been reported ad
versely against.
The lowest estimate expense of such a road
the committee place at $20,000,000 !
MEDALS FOR THE SOLDIERS.
The patriotic citizens of New Orleans have
raised by subscription a sufficient sum to procure
gold medals to present to corporal O. Sullivan,
and the other brave subordinates who received
such favorable notices m the reports of their
commanding officers for their conduct in battle.
We notice also, that a bill has been introduced
m Congress, to appropriate the trophies taken in
the battles of the “ Bth and 9th” to the purchase
of silver medals for each private engaged in
them. We hope it may be carried into effect; it
will be gratifying to the soldier in after years to
display a memento by which he may be distin
guished as one who “ seen service.” 1
THE SCIENCE OF MNEMOTECIINT.
We were much gratified with our attendance
at the lecture of Professor Miles, at the Ogle
thorpe House on Wednesday evening last.
We had been before convinced of the effaca
cy ®f the system, and satisfied that the memory
is susceptible of improvement in the same man
ner, that anew language can be acquired or pro
ficiency in any science attained.
Mr. Miles we are pleased to find has obtained
quite a large class of pupils, to which daily ad
ditions are being made.
YANKEE SPIRIT.
A few days previous to the battles of the “8 th
and 9th” four soldiers whose term of enlistment
had expired, were paid off; and received certifi
cates of their honorable discharge. They were
all from the land of “ Wooden Nut-megs, and
Pumpkin seeds,” good, steady men, who had
entered the service together, having fully
discussed the “ pros and cons,” the money to be
made and to be spent, and after being satisfied
that by proper economy they could make funds
enough for a start in life. As comrades they
had entered the army, and as comrades they con
tinued in it, doing their duty like good soldiers,
ami fondly looking forward to the time when their
, term of enlistment would expire, that they might
return to the land of “ Onions,” and puttheir littfc
capital to a profitable use.
When about to leave the camp, they heard
that “old Rough and Ready” and the boys, stood
a chance of having a brush, and a likelihood also
of being rubbed up a little, nothing daunted
however, they again donned their regimentals,
deposited their money with, the paymaster, ob
tained permission to enlist for the battle, and
“ went it” during its continuance like good fel
lows walking into the affections of She “ yaller
faces,” in a way by no means slow. The bat
tles over, they turned their “ swords into prun
ing hooks,” bid adieU to their comrades and the
General —gave three cheers for uncle Sam, and
put off in the first boat foe home with the proud
consciousness of having served their country,
and “had & fight.”
The Union speaks- in high terms of the sim
plicity of construction and strength of* a newly
invented breech-loeded rifle, manufactured by
Mr. Thomas of Georgia, Certificates are ap
pended from G. Talcot, Lieu! Cal.
Gen. Gaines and others, testifying to the con
venience and value of the invention.
I Elishu Burritt says, that the annual profit of
the whole shipping interests of the World amounts
to $24,060,000 per annum.
FROM BRAZOS SANTIAGO
We have no letter from our Editor since our
last. He was with the last detachment ftf the
Georgia Regiment that left Mobile and had not
arrived in Texas at the last advices.
(£/* The trial of'Lafayette Shelby for murder
the Fayette Circuit Court, Kentucky, has result
ed in no verdict. The Judge charged the Jury
in favor of the prisoner, and eight of them were
for his acquittal. The citizens of Lexington
held an indignation meeting thereat, and burnt
their bodies in effigy.
It was an aggravated case of murder.
The remains of Maj. Ringgold are to be re
moved to Baltimore, under the superintendence
of the Eagle Artillery Company. A cenotaph
is to be erected in the rotunda of the Merchants’
upon which the remains will be de
posited until the funeral ceremonies are arranged.
Ponton. —This word used so often in the ac
counts from the army, is of French origin, and
means a fiat-bottomed boat, or lighter, and a
“ ponton bridge” is a bridge composed of such
vessels.
The U. S. brig Porpoise, which recently re
turned to Pensacola from a cruise among the
West India Islands, sailed during her absence
5,000 miles. A bout 2,000 miles of the distance
was run in 14 days.
Increase of Revenue. —The receipts on
the New York canals for June, 1846, are $93,-
734 over those of the same month last year, al
though the rates of toll are now much cheaper
than ever before !
Important Movements among the Jews.
—A great meeting of the Jews, from all parts of
Europe, was recently held in Frankfort, in which
they voted that their is nothing obligatory in
the use of the Hebrew in their worship, and
accordingly that it was best to retain it, only in
part as a badge of their nationality and a bound
of union. Also on full discussion, that the Mes
siah is already come, the present toleration and
comfort the Jews now enjoy being what is meant
by the promised Messiah. Also, that there is
nothing to forbid thir freely blending with the
nations among whom they reside.
A Matamoras paper states that several men
belonging to the Alabama volunteers, in attemp
ting to cross the Rio Grande, at the mouth on
the 4th inst, in a small boat, while the sea was
running high on the bar, got frightened, and
fearing lest they should be carrid out into the
breakers, jumped out of the boat, thinking they
could swim ashore. In making the attempt
three of them were drowned. Their names were
not ascertained’
THE COTTON CROF-THE WEATHER
In alluding to the prospect for the coming
crops, the Albany Courier, says:
“We regret to announce the appearance of
the Caterpiller among the cotton crops at this
early period of their growth. Wc saw and con
versed with a friend from Decatur county, who
passed through our city on Thusday morning.
He states that this destroyer has commenced its
work of destruction both in Dccatuer and Thom
as, and unless compelled to retire by the heat,
the almost entire loss of the crop in those coun
ties is inevitable. The coldness of the weather
and almost incessant rains for the last ten days,
are assigned as the caase for the early appear
ance of the worm. It is sincerely to be hoped
that after such an abundance of rain aswehave
lately experienced, we may have enough of sun
light and heat, to put a veto upon the ravages
of this worm-so injurious to the planter. The
only complaint made about the crop in this coun
ty, so far as we harve heard, is the too rapid
growth of the weed, and consequently a want of
fruit upon the stalk. We think it will not be
safe to anticipate any thing like an average crop
in this section.
DEATH OF CAFT. PAGE.
We learn from the New Orleans papers th e
sad news of the death of the gallant Capt. Page
It occurred on Monday 13th ins. near Cairo, on
board the steamboat Missouri. The Tropic
. says:
i “ Capt. Page was wounded just before the
close of the battle of the Bth, and just before
Major Ringgold fell, at the time the enemy
concentrated all their fire upon Ringgoid ? s and
Col. Churchill’s batteries, the gallant fourth sup
porting them, at the time, many soldiers of which
fell along with their Captain. A cannon ball
struck Captain Page in the lower part of his
face. He was struck down while in command
of his division, and with such force as to carry
with him the three men next behind him. His
whole lower jaw was shot away, making one of
the mostghastly wounds that could be conceived
, of. He was conveyed to Point Isabel, where he
was carefully attended to. The injuries he re
ceived in hia trip to this city a short time since,
didmifch to depress the sanguine hopes of his
■ recovery, but having met with his devoted wife,
whose effort to reach him after he was wounded,
was so womanly, and’ so often frustrated by a
series of. accidents, it was hoped he would recov
er. Fate ordered it otherwise, and he sleeps
with Ringgold, Brown and others* who gave up
their lives in- defending the arms of their country.
“ Capt. Page was a native of Maine ; he was
appointed a Second Lieutenant of the Bth. In
fantry from Massachusetts, on- the I3th of Feb
ruary, 1818. He was brevetted 1-st January.
1829, and received his commission of Captain
the 30th of April, 1831.”
It is stated that the President, in answer to the
entreaty of a gentlemen, to have a regiment
received, into the service of the United States,
stated that at the present time the books of the
War Department contain'the names of two hun
dred thousand volunteers, from all parts of the
county, for the Mexican War, although the law
only called lor fifty thousand, and that he could
not under present circumstances receive the name
of another mas-.
Can any thing than this, asks the Charleston
Patriot, be more creditable to the country 1
Americans in Russia. —The Cincinnati!
Chronicle says: “ Col. Todd, late Minister to
Russia* informs us that the grading and working
on the entire railroad line, from St. Petersburg
to Warsaw, 440 miles, was given, to American
contractors. The contracts amount to $4,500,-
000, and was given to American.contractors in the
competition of all Europe, without security -
AN HEIRESS FOUND t
The Chicago Democrat announces that the
lady who is entitled to a handsome fortune by
.the death.of Alexander Grant, at Inverness, Scot—
: land, and whose whereabouts has been so anx
iously inquired after by tha press, has been dis
eovrred in Chicago, as the wife of Ezra Gregory,
a portrait painter, in that city.
FOR THE TIMES.
SOME ONE OFF THE PLATFORM.
Mr. Editor.—The Whigs frequently charge
the DemocraU with having one set of prin
ciples for the South and one for the North, and
say thatthey (the Whigs,) all stand on the same
platform. I never knew an intelligent Democrat
that pretended to say that the New York and
Pennsylvania Democrats agreed with their South’
ern and Western friends on the subject of the
Tariff, and our Whig friends would act wisely
if they would make the same admission as re
gards themselves.
I noticed lately, when it was thought the tariff
bill would be defeated by Democratic votes,
the Georgia Journal complaining heavily that
the South was again betrayed If the South is
again betrayed it will be by the votes of the
Southern Whig senators. Now that it has pass
ed the House, some of the Northern Whigs say,
that the North has been betrayed. It would ap
pear from these complaints that someone must
have fallen off the platform. Can you telLme
who it is 1 If Mr, Clay had been elected, I have
no doubt the Whigs would have all stood on the
same platform—Southern Whigs would have
openly favored a protective Tariff, U. S. Bank,
Internal Improvement by the General Govern
ment and all the heresies of the Federal School.
The Northern Whigs made the platform very
large, but I do not believe it will ever hold the
whole party. Harris.
For the Times.
ALL THE DECENCY,
Messrs Editors.—Some of our whig friends
are in the habit of claiming for themselves, the
proud title of “the decency party.” How far
they are entitled to this distinction, the commu
nity may judge after reading one or two samples
from the Enquirer of last week,; —a paper exten
sively patronized by the leading whigs in this
section of Georgia—Speaking of the Mexican
war and the Democrats it uses the following lan
guage. “They (the Democrats) have obtained
all the offices which were in the hands of the
party stricken thing, that occupies the presiden
tial chair, whilst the whigs are exorted to join
the rank and file and spill their blood like men.
This is what tliey (the Whigs) are willing to
do and yet they think that amongst the thou
sands that have rushed to the conflict, the Presi
dent might have found one or two qualified for
some of the most inferior stations, James K.
Polk has thought otherwise.” Again. It is
useless however to quarrel about the causes of
the war or to fret at the little soul and picayune
meanness of the President in his selection of the
instruments to manage it.” Independent of
what I consider a want of taste in applying such
language, to any President;, the Editor is mista
ken in points of fact: Os three sons of Kentucky
who received their commissions in the mounted
Rcgt. recently ordered to be raised, two of them
.were Whigs, and this we believe is two more
than was conferred on Democrats by Gov. O use
ley in officering the volunteers of Kentucky.—
How many other whigs have been appointed to
offices by Mr. Polk I know not, but on examina
tion I presume it will be found that as many have
been appointed by him as there were Democrats
by Gen. Harrison.
“The party stricken thing that occupies the
Presidential chair.” “The little soul and picay
une meanness of the President in his selection
of officers.” Are terms applied by this decen
cy Editor to one whose private life and official
communication, will not sutler fiom a compari
son with that of any of his predecessors since the
days of Mr. Madison.
Randolph.
P. S. I expect if the truth was known the
greatest offence [in the eyes of some of the
whigs] that Mr. Polk was ever guilty of, was
beating Mr. Clay for the Presidency—That to
hungry office seekers was the unpardonable sin
FOR THE TIMES.
HOW TO SAVE WHEAT FROM WEA
VBLS.
Messrs. Editors.—A friend of mine, (Mr. T.
Miller of this county,) sometime since informed
me that he had discovered an infallible preven
tive against Weavels in Wheat, and requested
me to make it public. The process is a simple
one, ami not very costly, and as thousands of
bushels are annually destroyed by the Weavcl,
it is worthy a trial. His plan is to thrash out
his Wheat and put it up immediately in sacks
ivith&ut sunning. The Wheat should be dry
when put up. Three yards of cotton oznaburgs
will sack 5 bushelsund will last for years, or the
sacks may be used for negro clothes as soon as.
emptied! Mr. Miller is a practical farmer and
has tried the above plan- successfully, for three or
four years. He says that Wheats put in casks
will be free from Weavels except a little on the
surface. Yours, &c. M. T.
TROPHIES.
Among the banners captured by Gen. Taylor
Reseca de la Palma, is one bearing the in
scription l —
l GUA RD A COSTA
DE TAMPICO 1 .
This magnificent and torn flag, (says the N.
O. Tropic,) apart fromit associations, is remark
able for its appearance, and the materials of
which it is formed! It is of large size—its field,
|of tri-cororeff silk, green; white and* red. In the
centre is embroidered l the Mexican coat of arms
more beautiful than we conceived 1 any modern
Penelope had power to do, even if her delicate
fingers were over skilful at the work. The
Mexican eagle with its outstretched wings, fairly
lay before us, each rustle of the flag on which it
Tested causing the prismatic colors of the atmos
phere to-play over the brilliant floss silk needle
work, as brilliantly as if it had been the plumage
of the bird itself.
That flag, in the battle’ of Paid’ A-lfo; was torn
by our cannon shot, and’ now bears upon its
folds the shattered’ shred's thus rudely made ; at
Resaca de la Palma it waved over the bravest
troops, and floated in the windds Fong as its Re
giment lasted before the terrible fire of our arms.
When all was lost, its bearer tore it fi-om its staff,
and fled', to save it from the stain of capture-
Such, however, was not to be its fortune. The
brave man was met by one of our troops, and
hand to hand they fought for the prize—the
Mexican nerved by every feeling of patriotism,
the Americanby every sentiment of a soldier’s
ambition- The brave standard bearer bit the
dust, and the precious object of his care became
an object of idle'-curiosity in the hands of his
enemy. May it ever be respected among our
people, as the only evidence existing of the once
brave Battalion de Tampico. These trophies
are in charge of Col. M. *M. Payne, and; have
been carried to Washington!
SF.nvF.n ’em Right. —Oh the 4th, a couple
of John Bulls from Canada, paid a visit to Og
densburgh, dressed in an ordinary .sailors garb,
and after loitering about for a time, ascended to
the top of the liberty pole, and- lowered ,thc flag.
No-sooner was the outrage discovered, tjian the
crowd made a rush for them* and weffe. only
prevented, from executing summary justice by
their prompt arrest. After being carried before
a magistrate, they were allowed to depart on
conditions that the flag be immediately replaced-
By the assistance of others, this was done with
out delay, and they made good their escape from
the excited crowd.
Another Candidate for 48. — Some of the
Whigs have nominated Gen. Vega for President.
It is said that be goes in with Giddings of Ohio
> for a dissolution ol the Union, and that he be
lieves, with our friend Greeley. that the war
against Mexico i> murder.’ It is net yet decided
whether Greeley or Gildings wili be put on the
ticket as Vice-President.—£JV. Y. Globe.
From the N. O. Delta. —July 19
LATEST FROM MEXICO.
Contemplated Attack of the American Fleet on
the Fort of San Juan de Ulua — Gen. Paredes
declared Prisident by Congress , and Gen.
Bravo Vice President —Alvarado Blockaded
—Paredes on his March to meet the Ameri
can Forces , at the head of Eight or Ten
Thousand Men ; the Army of Reserve—Or
dersfor Enlistment of Additional Regiments
Pronunciamiento of California against the
Central Mexican Government.
The Havana papers received yesterday by the
Hope Howes, contain the Mexican news carried
there by the British mail steamer Clyde, which
had arrived from Vera Cruz on the 6th inst*
The C. had on board $395,000 and 44 passen
gers. The Spanish schooner Flor de Lrlanes,.ar
rived two days previously from Sacrificios, with
Vera Cruz papers to the 18th June. Passengers
by state that it was the intention of the
United States squadron to attack San Juan de
Ulua on the 10th July. The vessels at Sacrifi
cio on the Ist were, the frigates Cumberland,
Raritan and Potomac, 50 guns each ; sloop-of
war John Adams, 20 ; brig Somers, 10 ; steam
er Mississippi 8, and steamer Princeton 7. The
foreign men of war lying there at the same time
were, the Spanish frigate Cristina, sloop-of-war
Luisa Fernando, and brig Habanero; British
frigate Endymion, sloop-of-war Rose, and steam
er Vesuvius; French sloop-of-war La Perouse
and brig Mercure. Besides these, the comman
der of the Clyde says he saw six large American
vessels of war off Vera Cruz. The city on the
30th ult., was declared to be under martial law.
The latest dates from the city of Mexico are
to the 29th ult. Congress had declared Gen.
Paredes President of the Republic, and Gen.
Bravo Vice President. Permission had been
granted by Congress to Gen. Paredes to march
at the head of the army the enemy, and
Gen. Bravo was called to take charge of the
Presidency: he left Vera Cruz on the 24th
iJune for Mexico. Gens. Arista and Ampudia
! had been called to the capital; the former is to
be tried for abandoning, the city of Matamoros,
while he had upwards of 4000 troops under his
command. In consequence of this he had been
discharged from his command as commander-in
chief of the army. He publishes a long address
to his fellow-soldiers, expressing his regret for
his misfortune, and assuring them that his pray
ers will be offered up to the God of Battles for
their victory and success in every engagement
which they may have with the common enemy.
The Spanish merchant brig Cecilia, from Ca
diz, anchored at Isla Verde on the 20 th ult. She
attempted to pass into Vera Cruz: the Prince
ton fired a couple of blank shots at her, as a no
tice that she was not to be permitted to pass in :
she disregarded them. A shotted gun was then
fired, which quickly brought her helm about.
She then “ laid to,” and the Princeton sent a
boat on board, when she was ordered to- go to
wards the Island.
An ordinance of the local government of Ve
ra Cruz exempts the inhabitants of that city
from payment of the poll-tax, as long as the
port remains blockaded by the Americans.
A slight shock of an earthquake was felt at
Vera’ Cruz on the morning of the 21st.
It was reported that an American brig-of-war
was blockading, the port of Alvarado,
In consequence of the blockade, and in fear of
an attack upon San Juan de Ulua, the merchants
of Vera Cruz, backed- by the Government, have
prevailed upon the Director of the Customhouse
to permit the transit of merchandise from that
place to Jalapa and Orizaba, without paying du
ty on consumption. The bales were stamped in
order to prevent fraud.
Gen. Paredes proposed to Congress Chat mea
sures be forthwith adopted for the raising of sev
eral new regiments, both of infantry and cavalry.
The proposition was at once carried into execu
tion. Gen. Paredes was to have left the city of
Mexico on the 3d inst., at the head of the army
‘of reserve, the total number of which is from
8,600 to 10,000 men.
Letters had been- received at Vera Cruz, sta
ting that the Califomdas- had “ pronounced”
against the Mexican Government.
Gen. Rodriguez de Cela has been appointed
: Governor of Vera Cruz, in the place of Gen.
Bravo, appointed Vice-President of the Repub
lic.
It was said at Vera Cruz, on the return’ from
Tampico of the British mail steamer, that the
U. S. sloop-of war St. Mary’s had opposed the
Clyde taking the specie on board; and on this
account the British steamer-of war Vesuvius left
Vera Cruz for Tampico, in order to*see what was
. the reason- for this act, and at the same time it
was expected that the Vesuvius would take the
specie to Vera Cruz.
We are informed by letter and passengers that
Gen. Santa Anna and Almonte had not depart
ed from Havana.
A BOY’S LRTTBR,
The following specimen of a boy’s letter is
from Hood’s Comic Anual. There is such a
truth of character in it—so much of that spirit of
drollery, mixed with mischief, which often pre
; vails in the young human beings of the male sex
—that we cannot help declaring it to be, in its
own words, “ capital fun.” The letter proceeds
fron a country boy, to what the polite letter-wri
ter would call bis “ friend in town,”
“ Now, Bob. I’ll tell you what I want.- I
want you to come down here for the holydays.-
Don’t be afraid. Ask your sister to ask your
mother to ask your father to let you come. It’s
only ninety miles. The two prentices, George
and Will, are here to be made farmers of; and
brother Nick is took home from, school to help in.
agriculture. We like farming wry much, it.’s
capital fun. Us four have got a gun and go out
shooting, it’s famous good one, and sure to go off
if you don’t full cock it. Tiger is to be our shoo
ting dog,, as soon as he has left off killing the
sheep. He’s a real savage, and worries cats
beautiful. Before father comes down we mean
to bait our bull with him. Ther’s plenty of
New Rivers about, and we’re going a fishing as
soon as we have mended our top joint. We’ve
a pony, to-ride upon, ‘when we can catch him;
hut he’s loose in- the padlock, and has neither
mane nor tail to signify to lay hold of. Isn’s it
prime, Bob ? You must come. If your mother
won’t give your father leave to allow j’ou—run
away. Remember you turn up Goswell-Street
to go to Lincolnshire and ask for Widdlefen-hafl
There’s a< pond full of frogs, but we won’t pelt
them till you. come; but let it be before Sun
day, as there’s our own orchard to rob, and the
fruits to- be gathered on Monday. If you* like
sucking raw eggs, we know where the hens lay
and mother don’t anff I’m bound there’s- lot 6 of
bird’s nests. Do come. Bob, and I’ll show you
the wasp’s nest, and every thing that can make
you comfortable. I dare say you couldt Borrow
your father’s volunteer musket of him without
his knowing it; but be sure any how to bring
the ramrod, as we have mislaid ours by fircine it
off.”
American Ice. —American ice is now called
“ the luxury 7 of luxuries” in London.
These are now sixteen persons under sentence
of death in. the-Unitad States-
\ From the N. O. Delta.
A PROCLAMATION
B t THE OEXEBZI COMMANDING THE ARMY OF
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA*
To the People of Mexico. —After many years
of patient endurance, the United States are at
length constrained to acknowledge, that a war
exists between our government and the govern
ment of Mexico. For many years our citizens
have been subjected to repeated insults and in
juries, our vessels and cargoes have been seized
and confiscated, our merchants have been plun
dered, maimed, & imprisoned, without cause, and
without reparation. A t length your government
acknowledged the justice of our claims, and
agreed by treaty to make satisfaction, by payment
of several million of dollars ; but this treaty has
been violated by your rulers, and the stipulated
payments have been withheld. Our late efforts
to terminate all difficulties by peaceful negotia
tion, has been rejected by the dictator Paredes,
and our Minister of peace, whom your rulers
had agreed to receive, has been refused a hear
ing. He has been treated with indignity and
insult, and Parede&dhas announced that war ex
ists between us. This war, thus first proclaimed
by him, has been acknowledged as an existing
fact by our President and Congress, with perfect
unanimity, and will be prosecuted with vigor
and en ergy against yotir army and rulers ; but
those of the Mexican people who remain neutral
will not be molested.
Your government is in the hands of tyrants
and usurpers* They have abolished your .State
governments, they have overthrown your federal
constitution, they have deprived you of the right
of suffrage, destroyed the liberty of the press,
despoiled you of your tjins, and reduced you to
a state of absolute dependence upon the'power of
a military dictator.- Your army and rulers ex
tort from the people by grievous taxation, by for
ced loans, and military seizures, the very money
which sustains the usurpers in power. Being
disarmed, you were left defenceless, an easy prey
to the savage Camanchcs, who not only destroy
your lives and property, but drive into captivity,
more horrible than death itself, your wives and
children. It is your military rulers who have
reduced you to this deplorable condition. It is
these tyrants, and their corrupt and cruel satel
lites, gorged with the people’s treasure, by whom
you arc opposed and impoverished, some of whom
have boldly advocated a monarchical govern
ment, and would place an European Prince up
on the throne of Mexico. We come to- obtain
reparation for repeatedfcvrongs and injuries ; we
come to obtain indemnity for the future ; we some
to overthrow the tyrauts who have destroyed
your liberties, but we have come to make no war
upon the people of Mexico, nor upon any form
of free government they may choose to select for
themselves. It is our wish to see you liberated’
from despots, to drive back the savage Caman
ches, to prevent the renewal of their assaults, and
to compel them to restore to you from captivity,
your long lost wives and children. Your reli
gion, your altars and churches, the property of
your churches and citizens, the emblems of your
faith and its ministers shall be protected, and re
main inviolate. Hundreds of our army, and
hundreds of thousands of our people, are mem
bers of the Catholic Church.—ln every State,
and in nearly every city and village of our Un
ion, Catholic Churches exist, ar.d the Priests
perform their holy functions, in peace and secu
rity, under the sacred guarantee of our constitu
tion. We come among the people of Mexico as
friends and republican brethren, & all who receive
us as such, shall be protected, whilst all who are
seduced into the army of your Dictator, shall be
treated as enemies. We shall want from you
nothing but food for our army, and for this you
shall always be paid in- cash the full value. It
is the settled policy of your tyrants to- deseive
you in regard to the policy and character of our
Government and people. These tyrants tear the
example of our free institutions, and constantly
endeavor to misrepresent our purposes, and in
spire you with hatred for your republican breth
ren of the American Union. Give us but the
opportunity to undeceive you, and you will soon
learn that ail the representations of Parades
, were false, and were only made to induce you to
consent to the establishment of a despotic Gov
ernmrnt.
In your struggle for liberty, with the Spanish
Monarchy, ♦housands of our countrymen risked
their lives and shed their blood in your defence.
Our own Commodore, the gallant Porter, main
tained in triumph your flag upon the ocean, and
: our government was the first to acknowledge
■ your independence. With pride and pleasure
we enrolled your name on the list of indepen
dent Republics, and sincerely desired that you
might in peace and prosperity enjoy all the bles
sings of free government. Success on the part
of your tyrants against the army of the Union
is impossible, but if they could succeed, it would
only be to enable them to fill your towns with
their soldiers, eating out your substance, and
harrasssing you with still more grievous taxation.
Already they have abolished the liberty of the
Press, as the first step towards the introduction
of that Monarchy, which it is their real purpose
to proclaim and establish.
Mexicans, we must treat asenemics and over
throw the tyrants, who whilst they have wron
ged and insulted us, have deprived you of your
liberty, but the Mexican people, who remain
neutral during the contest, shall be protected
against their military despots, by the Republican
Army of the Union.
Z. TAYLOR,
Brevet Maj. U. S. A. Comd’g,
i THE “ WHIG GROUND.”
* At least one Southern Whig journal is found
I to sustain the new Tariff bill. When it was in
troduced. into Congress, the Southern Recorder,
Milledgeville, Ga, said with great exultation;
j “It will not fail to strike the intelligent reader
! that the Democracy have in this, their great tariff
measure, com e over completely and boldly to the
Whig ground, and taken such a position, that
southern Whigs, at least, will find no difficul
, ties in the way of a most cordial support of the
; measure
“We congratulate our southern members that
they have the good fortune of so easily sustain
; ing their own views, by the measures of our for
mer opponents. They will, of course as cor
dially support tiie general measure, as reported
by the Democracy, as if it had emanated from a
Whig majority.”
We doubt not the editor spoke his honest con
victions as to the sentiments of Georgia Whigs.
But he went off “ half-cocked,” without waiting
for orders from the leaders at Washington. This
Whig ground” did not seem to suit the Geor
gia W’hig members, for they voted against the
measure. The editor, then will have either to
stand up to the new bill, or “ back out.” It is
cruel in “ our Southern members” to have re
ceived his “congratulations” with such cold in
difference l But let him stand to what he has
said. He, doubtless, expresses the sentiment of
the Whigs of Georgia-, and will be on the strong
side, in- defending the bill. His involuntary ad
vocacy of the measure, is- the best proof, that
Georgia- Whiggery will not cooutenance their
representatives in deserting’the “ Whig’ground.”
There was a time when the Virginia Whigs pro
fessed a devotion to a revenue Tariff—but when
they threw off all disguise and -went flat-footed
for a high protection to the manufacturers, they
elected only one out of fifteen members of Con
gress. Will not a similar fate attend the open
Tariff exertions of the Georgia and other South
ern Whig members?— [Richmond Enquirer.
The People. —The greatest poefc* orators,
philosophers, warriors, statesmen, inventors, and
improvers of the arts, arose from- the lowest of
the people. If we had waited* till courtiers had
invented the art of printing, clock-making, navi
gation, and a thousand- others, w f e should’ have
probably continued’ ire darkness to this hour.
They had something else to do than to add to the
comforts and conveniences of ordinary life: They
had to worship an idol with the incense of flatte
ry, who was often much more stupid than them
selves, and who sometimes had no more care or
knowledge of the people under him, or their
wants, than he had of arts or literature.
Someone advertises in New York, a machine
to boil potatoes wihout water . under the mag
niloquent and difficult name of the “ Anhydrop
epseteron.” With the explanation of the meth
od of cooking the potatoes, there should also go
a key to the pronunciation of the name of the
article.
From the Baltimore American.
ARRIVAL OF THE CAMBRIA.
FIFTEEN DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE.
The Corn Bill and the Duke’s Bill passed
Irish Coercion Bill defeated —Sir Robert Peel
and Ministers have retired *
The steamer Cambria reached the wharf at
Boston at 7 o’clock, yesterday evening, bringing
dates from Liverpool to the 4th inst. inclusive,
fifteen days later than our previous advices.
Through the magnetic telegraph, we are enabled,
thus early, to lay before oor readers the follow
ing summary of news ;
On the evening of the 25th of June, the
House of Lords passed the Corn Bill on its third
reading without a division. At 2 o’clock on the
morning of the next day, the House of Com
mons left Sir Robert Peel and the Government
in a minority of 73 votes on the Irish Coercion
bill.
On Saturday, 27th June, Sir Robert Peel pro
ceeded to the Isle of Wight for the purpose of
tendering his resignation, with that of his col
leagues, to the and on Mowdav night, the
29th, he made a lengthy explanation of his mo
tives for resigning in the Hourse of Commons.
THE NEW CABINET.
Marquis of Landsdowne, Privy beal.
Earl Mar, Home Department.
Sir Geo. Graves, Foreign Department.
Viscotmf Palmerston, Colonial Secretary.
Earl Grey, Treasurer.
Lord John Russell, of the Exchequer.
Mr. Charles N. Wood, Board of Trade.
Earl of Clarenden,-Chief Secretary of Ireland.
Mr. Labouchere, Secretary of War.
Hon. F. O. D. Maule, Attorney General.
Gen. Sir Thomas Wilde, Lord Lieutenant of
Ireland.
The Duke of Wellington, Commander-in-
Chief.
The London Times regards the uew ministry
favorable. Sir Robert Peel views it without jeal
ousy and with a friendly eye. The general im
pression is that the new premier will hastily
wind up the business of the session, and dissolve
Parliament in the course of the autumn.
The news of the amicable settlement of the
< Oregon question had reached England, and great
joy was manifested at the result. Sir Robert
Peel in his speech, when r< signing as premier,
devoted an hour to the subject of the Oregon
and Mexican questions, and congratulated the
country that all sources of difficulty with that
great nation, (the United States,) were settled,
so far as that side of the Atlantic was concerned.
J All eyes are now turned to the American Con
i gress on the subject of the tariff.
The cotton market is in a healthy,-but not ve
ry active state. Prices hwve improved a shade.
The contemplated change in the sugar duties
has had an injurious effect.
The grain market remains without change.
Lord Travais Egerton has been raised to the
peerage, and his plates is the House of Com
mons filled 1 by an American merchant, G. D.
Brown, Esq.
Cardinal Perrotte has been elected Pope of
Rome. He is but 58 years of age.
The ninth foreign delegate did not arrive in
time to vote.
Tremendous riots have occurred in Ireland.
The trouble with the C-affre tribe continues.
Several fights have taken place with the colon
ists.
The Great Western arrived out on the 22d of
June,
From the European Times.
FURTHER NEWS BY THE CAMBRIA*
Two highly important events have occurred
•since we last addressed our readers. These are
the passing of the Corn Bill and the dissolution
of the Ministry.
The two measures which we have named
stand towards each other in the relation of cause
and effect. Nominally, the ministry has been
strangled on Irish ground ;• actually, its exis
tence has been terminated by the exhaustion of
, vitality in upsetting the corn monopoly.
1 The result which has happened has long been
foreshadowed. It has taken no one by surprise.
The disruption in the Conservative ranks pro
duced by Sir Robert Feel’s free trade policy was
,so complete that flic party could never work
again harmoniously s and the first opportunity for
smiting the leader was sought eagerly hv those
who thought themselves betrayed. ( The Irish
; Coercion Bill presented that opportunity.. On
the first reading, the Protectionists give it a
willing, file Whigs a-qualified support. But
the intervening three months had so completely
changed the ordinary position of parties, that
[ Lord John Russell and Lord George Bentick
found themselves in the lobby last week, voting
against the Minister. The result has been Ins
overthrow.
The ministerial interruption has produced
less stir than was expected, probably because if
was looked for. On Saturday Sir Robert Peel
‘proceeded to the Isle of Wight for the purpose
of tendering bis own and his colleagues’ resigna
tion to the Queen) and on Monday night he
made a lengthened exposition of his motives for
resigning in the House of Commons.
The new policy to he pursued towards Ire
land naturally attracts much attention. It is a
critical- period for O’Connell. Already the ele
ments of disruption ars rife amongst the Repea
lers; already has “Dhn” intimated his intention
ofdenouncing the refractory amongst the “ Young
Ireland” portion of his adherents. If he finds
them untractable he has still sufficient power
and popularity left to crush those who will not
-be subservient to his views. While he lives he
will endure no rival-—tolerate no’ insurordination
in the camp.
Personally, O’Connell prefers the Whigs hr
the Tories, but a large section of- his supporters
do not. It will test the security of the “old mam
eloquent” in the Repeal cause. He cannot ride
his hobby, and maintain’ bis supremacy with the
Whigs. Which will he forego? The answer
to this question involves the continuance or oth
erwise of combined action amongst the Repeal
ers.
The only question that presses for an imme
diate settlement is the sugar dutieg, a question
upon which the incoming Premier is said to feel
strongly. * A short bill has been introduced for
extending the existing duties over another
month.
! SETTLEMENT OF THE OREGON
QUESTION.
No event within our memory has produced a
feeling of more general satisfaction and joy, in
this country than the intelligence which came to
hand by the Hibernia, that the Oregon question
had been amicably settled between the American
and British Governments.- The nows arrived at
a critical moment —literally on the eve of the
dissolution of the Peel ministry—and the excel
lent purpose to which this message of peace was
turned by the outgoing Representative of the
Crown, will be best appreciated by those who
read his last official speech.
The American papers which came to hand
by the Hibernia, differ in one point from the
British Minister’s version of the terms of the
settlement. According to them the navigation
of the Columbia is contingent upon the dura
tion of the Hudson Bay Company charter
cording to his reading of the treaty, the naviga
tion is common to the citizens of both countries
in perpetuity —a distinction of aome importance,,
which has formed the subject of a good deal of
comment in the English press. . It is assumed
on this side of the water, not irrationally, that
the late Premier iaright, and that the American
papers are wrong:
Thus has terminated 1 a feud which threatened
to embroil in a bloody and protracted War two of
the mightiest and most civilized countries on the
face of the earth. We may claim for our coun
trymen, during the continuance of this dispute,
the credit of having, exhibited a dignified and
noble attitude, the absence of all irritation, and
a fervent desire to bringthe dispute to a pacific
close.
If the American President took high ground
at the outset of his official career, on this subject,
‘his subsequent policy has been marked by judg
ment and discrimination ; and, in submitting the
proffered compromise to the decison of the Sen
ate, he has shown true patriotism, and a pliant
recognition of the difficulties which surrounded
him. Like ordinary men, the chief magistrate
p of a free people is only, after all, the creature of