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COLUMBUS, GA.
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST IS, 1846.
For Congress from tUe 2ud District,
ALFRED IVERSON,
of xrtcor>ES corxTT.
EDITORIAL correspondence.
Butsos Santiago, July 24th, 1846.
The ship Emprcssaric sails for N. Orleans to
day, with Col. Walton’s Regiment of Louisiana,
Volunteers and Capt. Desha’s company. These
troops are the first detachment of the 5,000 six
months volunteers, all of whom arc to be dis
banded and return home as fast as transporta
tion can be supplied. This order will leave
Loukaana without any troops in the field, and
will make way for the advance into Mexico, of
the 12 mon*l* men —our Regiment among the
first. The first Ohio Regiment marched for the
River three days since. We more next. Our
destination will be near Burita. We had Capt.
Desha to din with us yesterday —not to take a
hasty plate of soup”—for we had none—hat to
eat some bacon, which Uie Captain pronounced
• prodigious luxury, as he had been feeding on
Ranchero beef for two months. From the Cap
tain (and this is the object of speaking of the
(•con) we learned all the floating news from
Head Quarters. Gen. Taylor is nearly ready
to move- He is pushing on supplies as fast as
possible, as the old gentlemen wishes to take
Monterey and Saltillo before peace is made. He
terms to think it necessary to be in a hurry to
avoid being too late. It is very diflicut to get
newa here. We are on the qtii vive for the in
expressible luxury of a batch of American news
papers, from which wc expect to learn some
news of the Army and Mexico.
I suppose you have heard of the passage
through this place, of Commander Slidell Mc-
Kenzie with despatches from Vera Cruz and Cu
ba to Gen. Taylor. The important item of in
telligence in these despatches is that California
haa revolted and claimed the armed protection of
th United States. I almost pity Paredes. Cer
tainly no man ever had such a huge load of trou
bles to bear up under, with so little, but his own
personal energy and self-reliance to sustain him.
With war upon his frontier, an empty treasury,
damorom troops, revolt and treachery eating in
to every nook and ccmer of his Government, he
is a great man, if he prove equal to the crisis,
and come unscathed out of the fiery ordeal. As
far die war part of his troubles, we have “ Rough
and Ready’s” word for it, that he will be beaten
whenever he meets the American troops.
Since my last, I have been over to Point Isa
bel. It is a miserable little point of black prai
rie soil, surrounded by a ditch and a few pallis
•des. In the enclosure are long double rows of
Quarter Master, Commissary and Military Store
Houses and Hospital tents. A number of pa
tients wounded in the two battles, are still there.
Some with legs and arms gone. I saw two men
who had been shot through the left breast with
mudret bolls. They were on tlicir feet, and a little
round red spot on the breast, the only mark of the
wound. Think of a man with a ball through
him from breast to back, and that too on the
side of the heart, sitting up to tell us how lie re
ceived his wound. Two wounded Mexican sol
diers were there—one attenuated to a shadow
and evidrndy with the light of life flickering
in its socket. The other a stout fellow with
a, strong Indian face lay on his back smo
king his pipe. One leg had been amputated
and the other was crushed by artillery shot.
The Surgeons desired to cut off the other limb
to arrest mortification. He refused, not wishing
to live in a state of mutilation. This man be
longed to tlic celebrated Tampico Regiment,
which was cut to pieces in the second day’s ac
tion. He had been a sergeant for fourteen years.
It is said, that these men, refused quarter when
down and wounded, and would thrust at our
troops with their bayonets from the ground while
offering them quarter, exclaiming fiercely, “ I etc
ratio Tampico, No !” The courage of such
men cannot be questioned. It is the opinion of
our officers that the Mexican officers are not
brave, as their troops are. But their courage
can avail them nothing in their conflicts w ith the
white race. They must yield to the prowess of
the equal courage, and the superior blood and
energy of a superior race.
Wc arc busily engaged in drilling. Some of I
our up-country companies are very raw, and my
own time is much taken up (out of my sphere)
with drilling the officers and men of these compa
nies. Our Regiment is far behind the Ohio,
Kcntuck • and Indiana troops in equipment.—
All of the former are handsomely and neatly
uniformed. This should not be so, and might
have been avoided. If Gov. Crawford had open
ed his heart and the public purse, and have loan
ed each man $lO to he refunded to the State out
of the commutation for clothing flic Georgia
Tfrjops, might have made a respectable appear
ance. and the State coffers been perfectly safe.
But wc think the most pleasing moments of His
Excellency sejour iu Columbus, and his most
delightful words, wore bis last, when lie said,
“Soldiers, there is the road to Mexico.”
‘The utmost harmony prevails among the offi
cers of the Georgia Regiment. With a. few ex
ceptions of a want of a military knowledge, our
Regiment is well-officered. Col. Jackson pos
sesses, and deserves the respect and confidence of
his officers and men. We are all proud of him
as an officer and a gentleman, and feel some,
inches higher when we contrast him with some
of the rude military specimens in other corps.
My old company, the Guards, are carrying oft
the palm for soldierly conduct, and appearance.
They are getting to move with the closeness and
steadiness of Regulars. There are other com
panies of pretty hard subjects. It is almost im
possible to make them inarch in close order and
with heads up. We shall beat it into them at
It 4, and if they do not look as well, we are de
termined that tlicir performance shall be equal to
the best Volunteer Regiment in the field.
We are waiting with great impatience for our
nejv Quarter- Master and Commissary. Their
cervices are much needed here.
I regret to say that our sick* list is increasing.
Nearly one hundred answered the Surgeons call
this morning. The complaints are not serious
—Dysentery and Colds—the latter from the fly
ing sand—are the prevalent complaints, borne
cases of fever. Inaction in Camp, is the worst
thing for troops. Yours, F..
Rio Grande, Near Burita, July 28, 1846.
Ourboys left Georgia singing with the Devilme
tare spirit of a volunteer, the camp ditty, “ I’m
bound for the Rio Grande.” The burthen oftho
song is realized, and we are now encamped upon
its bank and drinking its swift and murky waters.
My last letter was from the Brazos. On the
evening of the 25th, we received notice from the
Quarter-Master of the Island, that a wagon
train would be in readiness to transport us to the
mouth of the River. The announcement was
received in Camp with a shout ; for the detesta
ble water of the Island obtained from holes
scooped in the sand, was telling powerfully upon
the health as well as the comfort of the Regi
ment. That morning the Doctor reported 12?
on the sick list. Bright and early next morn
ing, all hands were busy in distributing and re
ceiving arms and ammunition, which had just
come ashore, drawing rations, packing up and
striking tents. Abouttwclvc, the Regiment form
ed and moved off with a train of 40 wagons. 1
remained behind with Col. Jackson to get let
ters from Point Isabel, the Steam-ship N. York,
having just arrived. The Sun poured down his
hottest rays as our troops moved.off; and altho’
the sick were sent round by steam to the mouth,
an extra wagon had to be scut for, to pick up
those who fainted on the way. The march was
along the sea-beach and but for the salt-breeze
half of the men would have given up. Having
received a hat full of letters for the Regiment.
Col. J. and myself set out about 7 o’clock in the
evening, to overtake the troops. Our ride was
along the bea,ch, and as the insufferable rays of
the Sun were obliquing from the West, we
had a delightful ride, the fresh breeze fan
ning our cheeks and the salt ripple playing
with our horses feet upon the firm beach.
On the road we met the Andrew Jackson
Regiment of Louisiana Volunteers returning
home. It caused my thoughts for a moment to
turn homeward with queer sensations about the
throat. The Colonel met an old College mate
Yale, from whom we picked up the news ahead.
A half hours ride brought us to the Boea-Chi
ca, a fordable strait connecting the gulf with
the Brasos river, and forming the Island. It was
dark, and we were puzzled to find tlic ford.
We could just see the wagon tracks as they
went in, but where did they come out 1 how
should wc steer ? There was no help for it, but
to get our information experimentally, so we
plunged in, turning our horses heads (very fool
ishly) up the ford and from the sea. Twenty
paces brought us to swimming water, and as we
knew it was fordable somewhere, we concluded
that was’nt the spot. We landed again, when
it struck me that the nearer to the surf of the
sea we kept, the better, as the sea rolling in must
make a bar, which probably was the lording
place. My notion was correct, and we got over
dry. Galloping on we reached “the mouth”
(as it is called here) between 9 and 10 o’clock,
and found our tired fellows, ealing and
and some few squads singing psalms. Our first
cry was for a drink of the river water, which had
been pronounced to us the To Kalon of waters,
and the best in all this country. I took a strong
pull at it, and then proceeded further to satisfy
my curiosity by an examination. of it It was
well I drank first It is the muddiest stream I
ever saw. It holds the greatest possible quanti
ty of earth iu solution, and is in color what, you
might fancy black mud mixed with, water, with
a dash of milk to make it slightly fair. It pos
sesses the valuable property of settling very soon,
and then it looks like milk and water, without
the black mud. As you may suppose, a lump of
ice would not hurt.
It would draw tears to your eyes, to hear some
of our Cherokee troops longing for the crystal
Springs of tlicir hills and mountains. But wc
came to “ see the Elephant” and we are bound
to look him in the face.
Our men were up before the crack cf day,
preparing again for the march. A steam-I>oat
was in waiting to take our sick, baggage and
stores to our Camp ground. We resumed the
march at 8 o’clock, and turned the head of our
columns up the river, and right into a broad prai
rie, fiat as the palm of your hand, and as bare of
everything that looked like a tree. With but
little breeze, the Sun had full play upon our de
voted heads. This prairie is interspersed with
Salt Lakes and a prickly weed some 15 inches
high and very thick, grows all over it.
After two miles march, we came to a bend
in the river, at which the troops rested for’ water.
The banks are about 2 feet high, and perpendi
cular to the water, which runs like a mill-race,
and very deep. Capt. Holmes stepped down to
get a canteen of water, and away he went heels
over head into the stream. He was hardly pull
ed out, before a private plunged in. Two ex
amples taught tlic rest prudence.
About 10 o’clock, the column was arrested by
a wide canal, evidently artificial, connecting by
one end with the river, and running directly
across our path, out of sight. After a short halt,
the advanced guard plunged in, and found them
selves up to their waists in the dirtiest pool ol
prairie. mud and water conceivable. The down
foot would sink so low, and the ground for the
other to rest upon, was so soft, that it was with
the greatest difficulty tlic men could keep upright
and protect their muskets from the water. A
few duckings, and the loss of shoes enough to
stock a cobblers stall, were the only results of
the crossing. Oar horses gave us the most trou
ble. I thought for a moment that one of them
would never get out. My own halted for a mo
ment and began to plunge. My spur gave him
a timely encouragement and he bore me out,
muddied above the saddle-skirts.
A few miles further, we saw a few scattering
Musquit trees—if the low and gnarled scrubs
so called, deserve the title of trees. I heard our
men saying yesterday how much they would give
to see a decently-tized tree. We arrived at our
present encampment about noon, and 2 hours
after, the boat arrived.
The labor of the march was nothing to the
labor of moving our baggage and stores from the
boat. Wc all worked. Col. Jackson had l.is
coat off and handled sacks, boxes and barrels
with the rest. All the servants of our men were
sick,, and wc had to bestir ourselves. The men
were so tired that I would not detail them for
this duty. Corp’l. McGibbony, with a file of
the Columbus Guards came up to our relief, af
ter which I gave them a good pull at the canteen
containing the beverage, the odor of which makes
the Son of Erin exclaim, “ Green be tby hills,
my country, I smell ye here ”* It was a real
treat—for “ the ardent” is as scarce as gold dust,
in camp, and nobody can appreciate a drink
until he has marched and worked all dai, under
such a Sun.
I have material for another long letter, but
I am suddenly arrested by a call from a messen
ger bounl to Point Isabel.
I go to Metamaros to-day, and shall survey
and give you some account of the battle-grounds
in my next. F.
P. B.—Dr. Wm. E. Beall, a member of the
Fannin Avengers” Capt. Sergeant, died this
morning of Dysentary. The Doctor was acting
as assistant in the Medical Department of the
Regiment. He will be buried to-day with ap
propriate honors. F.
ABOUT THE TARIFF
We make the following extracts from the last
Columbus Enquirer, as containing the most ex
traordinary doctrines which we have ever seen in
a Southern newspaper.
“THE DEED OF THE SESSION.
What the country had a right to expect, has
taken place; the Tariff, which was at first rep
resented as barely raising revenue enough to
support the government in time of peace, has,
when the enormous expenditure of a foreign
war is be borne, been adopted by the pasty in
power as sufficient for the circumstances under
which the country finds itself. We repeat it,
the people had no right to expect any thing else
from a set of political charlatans who feel them
.-elves bound by the edicts of an irresponsible
conclave once assembled at Baltimore, to ruin
the country and prostrate all its interests for pur
poses of party aggrandizement.
• * * * # *
One of the determinations of that irresponsi
ble conclave was, that the labor and industry of
this country’ should be prostrated at the feet of
foreign slaves, and that the people here should
depend on the serfs of Europe for all the comforts,
conveniences and luxuries of life. They deci
ded virtually that the Congress of the United
States should legislate for the benefit of foreign
lords, and leave the laboring poor of this coun
try to perish in the competition with foreign
capital and wealth. They decreed, and that de
cree is under the late law to be enforced, that the
subjects of Great Britain were better than our
own citizens, and that if either were to he driven
to beg or steal their bread, it should be the free
men of this favored land. As far as they dared
to go they have went in binding us hand and
foot and bidding England strike and slay us in
this unprotected condition.
We care not whether the industry of this
country is directly protected or not, but we de
mand that it shall not be sacrificed, to encourage
and promote the interests of any other country.
The whigs have here contended for nothirg but
a revenue tariff, affording incidental protection
to the manufacturers, mechanics and other la
borers of the country. The bill which has re
cently been passed into a law, discriminates, in
every section and every provision, against all the
great industrial interests of the country, and
looks alone to benefits likely to accrue to t e
lordlings of the looms in Manchester and Bir
migham. Is such legislatson worthy of an A
merican Congress] Is there a patriot in the
land whowould not benefit his own countrymen
in preference to the world besides I
TELL THE TRUTH.
The Union'in its glorification over the pas
sage of the Tariff asserts that the new law is
passed on the revenue principle alone. This as
sertion is not sustained by a single provision of
the bill. It bears on its face as distinctive marks
of discrimination and protection, on a small scale
as any of its predecessors. A duty of one hun
dred per cent, is levied on foreign distilled spir
its, whilst wines are admitted at less than half
that duty. ‘This is a discrimination between
tlic drink of the lordling and the whiskey of the
poor. The duty on liquors was expressly inten
ded to protect tt.e northwestern distillers, and
inserted in the bill to secure the votes of certain
northwestern men. We wonder if McKay, the
father of the measure, would on his oath deny
this. Again a duty of 30 percent is levied on
sugar, whilst tea and coffee are left free. Was
this for revenue or to give protection to the Lou
siana planters I The party were alarmed from
their purpose of taxing tea and cofi’ce because
there were votes to be lost and none to be
gained by the opperation. Sugar in an articles
as generally used by the poor as either of the oth
ers, but this consideration could not save it from
the duty. Why sot] The reason is given a
bove. Salt and iron are two of the article of
universal use, and universal necessity. Why
not take the duty off of these entirely. Ah,
there’s the rub. The sal* of New York and the
iron of Pennsylvania must be protected or the
whole concern will be'blown beyond sundown.
Surely our neighbor did not consider what he
was saying, and all his knowledge of the subject
must have been swallowed up in his blind devo
tion to the great Whig party, or he never could
have brought himself to send forth to the world
the assertions and doctrines contained in the first
extract, as the opinions and principles of any
portion of the people of Georgia, much less aa
the opinions and principles of the old State Rights
party.
We appeal to the honest Whigs of Georgia,
to say how it is, that by the late tariff act the la
bor and industry of his country is “prostrated at
the feet of foreign slaves, and that the people
here are made dependent upon the surfs of Eu
rope for all the comforts, conveniences and luxu
ries of life ]” Is there anything in that, act which
prohibits any one in this country from making
the comforts, conveniences and luxuries of life!
Any thing to compel the people of this country
to purchase them from England] If then, the
act leaves every one in this country free to pro
duce these things, and free to purchase them
here, surely there can be no making us depen
dent upon the surfs of Europe for them. If
this act gives to the farmers of the country the
opportunity of purchasing them on better terms
than they could before its passage, surely there
is one of the great industrial pursuits of the
country oared for.
The Enquirer says that this bill “discriminates
in every section and every provision against ali
the great industrial interests of the country.”
Mark that reader—“ discriminates in every sec
tion and every provision against all the industrial
interests of the country.” How can this be]
Does it discriminate against the farming inter
ests by imposing a duty of thirty per cent, on
cotton goods ] Then of course that discrimina
tion must be in favor of the manufacturer.
But let us compare the assertions of this arti
cle witli those of the succeeding one. The Edi
tor says in the same paper, “ It hears on its lace
as distinctive marks of discrimination and pro
tection on a small scale as any of its predeces
sors.” So it seems that notwithstanding, accord
ing to the Editors opinion, the said bill discrimi
nates in every section, and every provision against
alf the great industrial interests of the country,”
yet he is of opinion that it does protect some of
them. m
Again ** a duty of 100 per cent, is levied on
foreign distilled spirits, whilst Wines are admit
ted at less than half that duty. This is a dis
crimination between the drink of the lordling
and the Whiskey of the poor. The duty on
liquors was expressly intended to protect the
North-western Dist’lleries, and was inserted in the
bill to secure the votes of certain North-western
men.” Well then, according to one part of the
Enquirer, here is one of the great industrial in
terests of the country against which there is no
discrimination. Just here we will make a re
mark upon the discrimination made against the
Whiskey of the poor by the present tariff—and
compare it with that great favorite of the Editor,
the Whig Tar IT of 1842. The Editor knows
or ought to know, that in-no country in the world
is Whiskey made as cheap as in this country*
and that like cotton, it is not affected by any du
ty high or low. But suppose it is affected by the
duty, 1 t us see who has most
against it, By the Whig tariff of 1842, the
lowest duty imposed upon distilled spirits of any
kind, is sixty cents per gallon. Whiskey sells
in New Orleans at from 16 to 20 cents per gal
lon—the foreign article to come in competition
with it in any part of the U. S. wpuld have to
cost as low as 10 or 15 cents the gallon—suppose
it to be 15 cents, the tariff bill recently passed
imposes a duty of 100 per cent., which is 15 cts.
per gallon, while the glorious Whig tariff of ’42,
imposes a duty of 60 cents per gallon, which is
400 per cent. On Madeira and Sherry, San
Lucas and Canary Wines 60 cents per gallon, a
duty which upon the best of these Wines, in
the language of the Enquirer, “ the drink of the
lordling,” we suppose amounts to not exceed
ing 20 per cent.
But further—■“ Again a duty of 30 per cent is
levied on Sugar, while Tea and Coffee are left
free. Was this for revenue or to give protection to
the Louisiana planters!” Well here is another
great industrial interest not discriminated against.
Again, “ Salt and Iron are two of the articles
of universal use and universal necessity. Why
not take the duty oft’ these entirely ! Ah, there’s
the rub. The Salt of New-York and the Iron
of Pennsylvania, must be protected or the whole
concern will be blown beyond Sun-down.” Here
are two more of the great industrial interests of
the country against which the Enquirer seems in
one place to think there is no discrimination.
When wc first read these two articles, and indeed
until we had written the foregoing, we thought
them monstrously discordant and contradictory,
but upon looking over them again, we do not
know but they may be reconciled upon the sup
position that the Enquirer considers the cotton
manufacturers “ tlic great industrial interests of
the country.” We are led.tp this conclusion by
the following sentence. “ This bill which has
recently been passed into a law. discriminates in
every section and every provision against all the
great industrial interests of the country, anJ
■looks alone to the benefits likely to accrue to the
lordlings of the looms in Manchester and Ber
mingham.”
But let us now examine what is the protec
tion extended to this great favorite industrial in
terest of the Enquirer—or rather what is this
monstrous discrimination against it, which peers
out of every section and every provision of the
late tariff act.
Well reader, after seeing that the Enquirer
considers thirty per cent, on Sugar and Iron, and
twenty per cent, on Salt, so large a protection,
that it was sufficient to buy up the votes of New
York, Pennsylvania and Louisiana, and that “all
the great industrial interests of the country,”
that is, cotton manufacturing are prostrated at the
feet of foreign slaves, what would you suppose
is the duty upon cotton goods ! Why most peo
ple would suppose there was no duty at all upon
them, or at most not more than 5 or 10 per cent.
Yet it is actually a fact, that the duty upon cot
ton goods is 30 per cent. Now if 30 per cent,
is protection enough for Sugar and Iron,,and 20
per cent, is enough for Salt, why is not 30 per
cent, enough for cotton goods! Particularly
when the manufacturers are boasting that in for
eign markets where they have no advantage at
all, they are driving the English out of the mar
ked
But there is another small matter connected
with this affair which our neighbor the En
quirer does not seem to have taken into the ac
count. We take it for granted inasmuch as he
has specified nothing, that? the only thing he ob
jects to in the bill in the way of low and tries is
that the duty is not high enough on cotton goods.
For his edification, wc will make an extract from
the law of 1812.
The second section of the glorious Whig la
tariff act of 1842, enacts that there shall be
paid “ on all manufacturers of cotton or of which
cotton shall be a component part, not qtlierwise
specified, a duty of 30 per centum, ad valorem,
excepting such cotton twist, yam and thread,
and such other articles as are herein provided
for.”
N-ow surely if the Whigs of 1842 thought 30
k per cent, a sufficient duty on cotton goods, the En
quirer ought to be contented with it in 1846.
But supposing that the duties are greatly re
duced, we cannot for tlic life of us see how “ the
great industrial interest of the country,” are in
jured by it, that is, admitting Whig doctrines to
be correct—one of the favorite doctrines of the
great Whig party is that “ high duties make low
prices.” Now low duties cannot do more than
this, and they are therefore just as good for the
manufacturers, but if they make high prices, why
of course it is just so much better.
But the Enquirer thinks that inasmuch as
Sugar, Salt and Iron are articles of universal
use and necessity, they ought to have the duty
taken off them entirely. Has it ever occurred
to our neighbor that cotton goods are of more
universal use and necessity than even Sugar or
Ivon, or indeed than any one artiele, except Salt!
There are thousands of people who use cotton
goods, who never buy a pound of Sugar or Iron.
Indeed there is not a single individual, young or
old, rich or poor, in all the wide extent of this
Union, who does not use cotton goods. It is an
absolute necessary of life t every human being
in this Union, and surely if there be any thing
which ought to be put within the reach of all by
the removal of the difficulties of procuring it,
that article is die cotton fabric.
Wc ask the honest Whigs of Georgia to read
carefully and soberly, the extracts we have made
from the Enquirer. We want no better argu
ments than arc there presented. Let them look
where their leaders desire to carry them. Let
them recall a little of the past, and compare it
with the present—let them remember that when
the Tariff act of 1842 was passed, it was con
sidered so obnoxious that none of the represen
tatives of Georgia voted for it, and that even
Mr. Berrien voted against it, although it was
then urged that without it the government would
be without revenue.
IMPORTANT FROM WASHINGTON*
Probable aapiisition of California !
The following extract from the letter of a dis
tinguished Member of Congress, was received by
the mail of yesterday. The information is as au
thentic as it is important.
House of Rep. Washihgtox. ?
Aug. 7, 1846. 5
“ The Senate has been in secret session from
12 o’clock M. to-day till 5 o’clock, and the re
port in circulation is, that it is upon a commu
nication from the President relative to the pur
chase of California from Mexico. The
particulars of this message are variously stated,
and of course there is no certainty about them.
No person doubts the report, and it is believed
we shall be called on to make an appropriation for
the purpose of making the negotiation or the
first payment. If that be so, I should not be sur
prised if the time for adjournment is postponed
till the end of next week.”
THE TARIFF—PROTECTION to DO
MESTIC INDUSTRY.
Os all the cabalestical terms, used by politi
cal hurabuggers, we believe none issa much used
as the term, “ protection to domestic industry.”
Any one unacquainted with the facts, would
suppose there was no interests worthy of pro
tection but the manufacturing interests. The
men who raise this senseless clamour, forget that
the manufacturers are probably less than one
tenth of our entire population, and are no more
entitled to protection than any other class of citi
zens. They should recollect that the great fun
damental maxim of good governments is, “ pro
tection to all, help-to none.” The only way to
carry out this principle is, for governments to
interfere as little as possible with the pursuits of
individuals. Encourage no particular bn.nch of
trade; let every man sell where he can sell high
est and buy where he can buy lowest. If we
can buy foreign goods, with 20 or 30 per cent:
added for duties, and the expenses of importa
tion cheaper than our own people make them,
for God sake let us do it, and let those who can
not manufacture with 20 to 40 per cent, in their
favor over foreigners, go at something else. Gen.
Hamilton, (the idol of the manufacturers)
thought they ought to be satisfied with much
less, and in his day the duties did not average
ten per cent., yet we collected enough for all the
expenses of the government, and annually paid
off a large amount of- the public debt. From
1789 to the war of 1812, the average of duties
was we believe, less than one-third of what they
are now, and we increased in wealth and num
bers with a rapidity unexampled in the annals
of history. With low duties and one third of
our present population, during the latter part of
Mr. Jefferson's administration, we collected more
than half as much as we now collect under one
of the highest tariffs ever inflicted on the coun
try. This shews that very high rate of tariff
duties is not necessary to collect a'n amount am
ply sufficient for the ordinary demands of the
countiy. Our opponents, content that protec
tion to domestic industry is necessary to render
us independent of foreign countries. The Su
preme Being never intended for nations to be
independent of each other—Had such been his
intention, he would have given all countries the
same climate and productions. He no doubt,
had the wisdom to foresee, that Free-Trade would
do more to civilize and evangelize, the nations
of the earth, than all the Missionary and Tract
societies that ever has, or ever will exist. It is
as nonsensical to talk of nations being indepen
dent of each other, as it would be to expect a
perfect independence amongst individuals, and
whenever our rulers speak of making the coun
try independent of foreigners, no man in his
common senses, supposes that they contemplated
a perfect independence. This is abundantly ex
emplified by turning to the messages of our
Presidents, from- which we intend giving some
extracts, in a future article. A perfect indepen
dence of foreigners would bring about the very
thing, the Whigs so much abhor —direct taxes;
for if wc import nothing, we shall have no other
means of supporting the government.
That those greedy cormorants, the manufac
turers, should raise a clamour, when they found
the peoples representatives were about putting a
stop to their robberies, was to be expected, for
they have been plundering us so long, that
they believe they have a right to do- it, and
think very strange that we should be opposed to
it; but it is passing strange that they should be
joined in their out-cry by the very men (the old
State Right men) who in 1832 gloried in the
name of Nullifiers, and were willing to risk a
dissolution of the Union, sooner than to submit
to an act which they pronounced oppressive and
unconstitutional.
It is said “ charity begins at home,” but it ap
pears that, that is not the case with sympathy,
for our Whig friends appear to sympathise much
more for their Northern friends, than for their
immediate neighbors. We will resume this sub
ject again next week.
WILLIAM 11. CRAWFORD.
For the talents and moral character of the
gentleman whose name stands at the head of
this article, wc entertain the highest regard, and
hut for what we consider his abandonment of the
principles of the State Rights party, we would
have been proud, on any suitable occasion, of
rendering our feeble aid in his promotion ; but
at the same time, we doubt if he is “ several cu
bics taller than any of the giants that mingled
in the fight” in the canvass of 1844.*
We are willing to concede to Mr. Crawford
talents that are highly respectable, but we do not
believe that the great body of the people of the
district look upon him as the superior of Col.
Jones, Judge Colquitt, Wellborn, and Iver
son, and so far as good sense and general
information is concerned, we think we have
several others fully as tall as Mr. Crawford.
We have not the slightest objection to the
Whigs making Mr. Crawford taller than any man
of his own party, but the idea of making him
several cubits taller than our tallest Democrats
is, what an old friend of ours would call a per
fect burly-cue (burlesque.)
* See Enquirer of last week.
SPIIIIVG
A lengthy notice of the delightful reunion ,
which came off at the above place on Friday
evening last, has given way to the letters of
our Editor, and original matter of more moment
This will be regretted only by those who are.
fond of fancy sketches. Suffice to say, that de
spite of lowering clouds and a threatened storm,
the company assembled at the house of “mine
host” and enjoyed themselves, as they only can
imagine, who have partaken of his hospitality or
luxuriated at his grounds ;in the numerous grot
tos and bowers which—fit habitations for gnomes
and fairies—invite the weary soul with their
cool delicious retiracy.
On this afternoon and evening, the mansion of
Mr Peabody will again be thrown open, and an
opportunity presented to both old and young for
enjoyment, which should not be lost.
Were this garden spot of Mr. Peabody’s a
hundred miles off, persons would be flocking to
it, with as fond anticipation as pilgrimages are
made to Mecca, but being near at home, almost
at our very doors, we lose sight of its baauty.
FROM EUROPE.
The Steamship Hibernia arrived at Boston on
the morning of the 3rd inst. with twelve days
later news from Europe.
The steamer brought out the retiflehtion by
the English Parliament of the Oregon. Treaty.
The important document was signed by the new
Minister, Lord Palmerston, and by Judge Mc-
Lane on the 17th ult.
No political information of any importance
was received by this arrival. The cotton news
is favorable to holders of the staple, the market
l being firm, and prices having an upward tenden-
OUR CANDIDATE.
It is pleasant to us, not only for the personal
respect we entertain for J udge Iverson, but as
the conductor of a party press, and the supporter
of the nominee of its Convention, to notice the
flattering manner with which the Democratic
papers throughout the State have received the
nomination.
Judge I. stands in a position before the peo
ple of this district, that were we even in a mi
nority would auger well for his success —how
prominent therefore is his position, when, with an
acknowledged majority in his favor, he advances
to the conflict an anticipated victor!
In the election of Judge Iverson to Congress,
our cause of congratulation will not rest mere
lv in the fact that the party have secured a tri
umph and maintained their ascendency, but that
the district and the State will have so noble a
representative, one to whom they can point
with feelings of pride and exultation.
As one of the many comments from the De
mocratic press upon the nomination, we give the
one below from the Macon Telegraph :
JUDGE IVERSON.
This gentleman, as all know, is a cherished
and beloved son of Georgia, one who has sought
few favors at the hands of the people, and who
has received such as have been conferred upon
him, with a modesty that is only equalled by the
disinterested and affectionate zeal with which he
has always discharged his duty.
It will be gratifying to the Republican party
throughout the State to learn that the choice of
the Republican convention of the Second Con
gressional District has fallen upon Judge Iverson.
We congratulate our Republican brethren of that
district upon the selection. If a pure integrity,
both in morals and politics, never questioned or
suspected by his bitterest opponents—if talents
of the most distinguished order—if an ardent
zeal and affectionate service in the cause of Re
publican principles—if a clear head to design,
and a strong arm to execute, and an eloquent
tongue to support and defend his principles, and
advance the best interests of his constituents and
country—if the respect of those who know him,
and know hiin best, are of any value or give any
man a passporUto the confidence of an intelligent
and free constituency,—then is Judge Iverson
not only worthy of the strongest support from
the people of the second district, but his election
is certain. k
THE VICE-PRESIDENT.
In another place we give to our readers the
remarks of the Hon. G. M. Dallas m reference
to his vote on the Tariff.
It will be remembered that upon the bill pass
ing a third reading in the Senate, the vote was a
tie, and the casting vote of the Vice-President
saved the measure.
The position of Mr. Dallas upon the passage
of the bill, was an important and delicate one—
important, that a cherished measure of the ad
ministration. which had met the approval of the
country and from which it was to receive benefit,
was dependent for its success upon his vote, and
delicate, that his duty to his country urged him
to sustain a measure, which had received the
disapprobation, and conflicted with the inter
ests of Pennsylvania. But nobly he met
the crisis, “prefering the deepest obscurity of pri
vate life with an unwounded conscience to the
glare of official eminence spotted by a sense of
moral delinquency.”
For thus independently obey ing the call of his
country as expressed through the vote of bet re
presentatives; he meets, as a reward, from cer
tain quarters, naught hut condemnation, and an
insult has been offered to the whole union by the
infamy of a mob in Philadelphia, who have dar
ed to hang in effigy hint whom the country holds
as but second in her esteem.
r The discontent and rage of the selfish may
thus find mode of expression, as well as by the
howlings and muttered curses of despair which
they heap upon his head. But they fall
harmless: m'Te grateful to the patriot heart, than
the huzzas of thousands, or the praise of all the
papers which come from the press, is the proud
consciousness of meriting the exclaraatiog of
“ well done faithful servant,” and the approval
that will ever follow, modest and quiet in its ex
pression, from the virtuous and good, blessing
him whose only thought is for his country, and
who unhesitatingly obeys her behests.
GEORGIA’S SENATORS.
At the vote upon the new Tariff biff—a mea
sure of unspeakable importance to Georgia and
the South—John McPherson Berrien cast his
vote against it, and in favor of the Northern
Manufacturers, whilst Walter T. Colquitt was
conveyed on liis conch from a sick chamber, and
gave a vote in its favor, which saved his country,
state and party.
FROM THE ARMY.
We have nothing of stirring import from the
Army. All the information received, points as
heretofore to their concentration at Montery, so
soon as transports and supplies can be furnished
them.
We give to-day, two letters from our Editor.
The first was received on Friday last and pub
lished in an “Extra” for the benefit of our city
readers. The last is of later date. We notice
with regrelt the death of Doc. Wm. E. Beall,
acting assisting Surgeon to the Georgia Regi
ment, of which mention is made in the letter of
Mr. Forsyth.
The Louisiana Troops—the six months men,
who were called into service by Gen. Gair.es
have been sent to New Orleans to be disbanded
—the Government not recognizing them as be
ing in service under any legal requisition. —
Much dissatisfaction existed among them at be
ing thus discharged, and the Secretary of War,
and all concerned, have received, as is usual
in such cases, much condemnation, for this, we
do not censure t-c disbanded troops, but it is
matter of surprise, when the opportunity was of
fered them by Gen. Taylor to serve their country
as twelves months’ Volunteers—the same term
that the Georgians and all other have to serve
—that out of the whole number, (6000) not
enough embraced the proposition to form a Bat
talion-!
It is easy enough to grumble at, and censure
the course of the officers of Government, but
jve should be careful in doing so, when they are
adhering closely to the letter of the law.
Laio makers, should be Law a biders.
GOLD PENS.
Bagley 189, Broadway New-York, has in
transitu for us one of his superior “ warranted
not tfreut in the eye” ever pointed gold pens.
Look out for gentle “duns” when it arrives—
It will give us the writing fever.
The London Punch gives the following reg
ular gradation of drunkenness,” If Prince Al
bert were drunk, he would be called elated ; if
Lord Thristham were, he would be elevated;
if. Mr. Plum, the rich merchant, were drunk,
he would be called in ebriated ; if a respectable
tradesman were drunk ; he would be called
intoxicated ; hut if a workman be in liquor, it
(vonld he said that the nasty beast was as drunk
-as a hog.
VETO. ,
The President of the United States has vetoed
the bill appropriating a large sum of money to
cleaning out Western Harbours and Rivers.
Qj’We call attention to the proceedings of
the Citizens’ Vigilant Association of Early coun
ty’
OC/* A letter from our correspondent “G.” at
Boston, has been received, but is delayed with
other interesting matter till our next issue.
THE CANVASS*
It will be seen, by reference to advertisement*
that our Republican friends in Early give a pub
lic barbacue at Blakely, on the last Tuesday in
September.
TO CONTRIBUTORS*
We frequently receive communications vfpott
matters both personal and otherwise, with tlio
request to publish, to which no real name is at
tached. Wc remark here, once for all, that no
communications can receive publicity through
the columns of this paper, unless properly en
dorsed.
Mr. Bradbury, the recently elected Senator
from Maine, was one of the presidential Electors
in 1844, and was president of the Electoral Col
lege when the vote of Maine was cast for James
K. Polk.
ART OF IMPROVING THE MEMORY*
Wc are gratified to learn that Professor Miles
will remain in the city, and deliver a second
course of Lectures. We are not in favor of run
ning after every new theory and pretensiort that
comes along, hut when scientific men of deserv
edly high reputation come among us with their
lectures, we are glad to see them well patronised.
The first class under Professor Miles, number
ing between twenty and thirty persons have,
through their committee*- made a report of the
Lecturer’s success in imparting his extraordina
ry art, which we give in another place. It speaks
for itself. By the advertisement in to-days’ pa
per, it will be seen that the last free lecture will
be given at the Oglethorpe House to-morrow
night, preparatory to a second and last course of
lectures in Columbus.
DEATH OF HAYDON THE ARTIST
In the London papers lately received is no
ticed the death of Haydon, the English histori
cal painter, who committed suicide to get rid of
hisextrerre poverty. It’ is stated that before
his death, Hayd on wrote to a number of distin*
g'lished men with whom he was personally ac
quainted, and- > elicited pecuniary assistance, and
among others, he appealed to Sir Robert Peel.
The paper from which wc clip the above adds:
—“ The only answer he received was from the
First Minister of ihe Crown, who; at the time,
was as sorely troubled by his political anxieties
as the applicant was by his poverty. Yet, to
his credit be it said, Sir Robert Peel was the
only party who responded. He sent the artist
a SSO note, expressing regret that Haydon’s
necessity compelled him to make the applica
tion; In a few hours the poor fellow was no
more, but he records with gratitude Peel's gen
erosity in his diary. On hearng ol his melon
choly exit, Sir Robert Peel sent S2OO to family to*
relieve their more pressing requirements.”
’
GENTLE HINT'.
The following which we freely and cordially
endorse, is from the Augusta Constitutionalist.
“ Editors occasionally receive a communica
tion, with the polite request, in a private note,,
to “ make the necessary corrections, as the com
munication was written- in great haste.” Do-’
correspondents imagine that editors have noth
ing else to do, or are pleased with such employ.,
ment, as making corrections in orthography,-
etymology, syntax, or prosody] If writers are
ih “ great haste,” they live in a charitable age,-
and the public would not censure them] if they
retained their literary favors until leisure time
would offer to complete them; It is dangerous
for correspondents tob e “hasty.” Editors have
generally enough sins of omission and commis
sion, upon the King’s English to answer for, in’
their own hasty editorials, without having the
responsibility forced upon them, by their friends,
of making “the necessary corrections” in l art icier
for the press.”
EXTRACTS
Os a letter from Gen. Twiggs, of the U. S. army,-
to Maj. Howard of this city.
Mktamoros, 27th July, 1840.
My Dear Sir—Your esteemed favor of the 4th
of July, I received with great pleasure—in the
name of the army I return you my most sincere
thanks for your kind feelings towards tliem, for
many years the army has not been in so high es
timation in public opinion, as the navy. I knew
if an opportunity offered, that this portion of the ar
my would doitsduty; Maj. Duncan, Capts. Ridj*c--
|y, and McCall, did distinguish themselves on both
days ; their peculiar position made them conspi
cuous, but there are a hundred others that did
their duty equally as Well as they did, but were
not so fortunate as to have separate commands ;•
indeed the result shows “ that all put their shoul
ders to the wheel.”
The Georgians arrived at Point Isabel several
days ago. I have not yet seen any of them, but
I shall make it my business to attend to them and 1
their interests. Notwithstanding I have been so
long a wanderer from my native State, I assure
you I have as strong attachments to Georgia as
any one in it, and it is only necessary for me to
know that a man hails from Georgia for me to
take an interest in him. I had feared that I was
forgotten in Georgia, and if I had been, I had
no home.-
# *• * *
The troops are moving up tlie river to Camar
go; which is ninety miles above this, and one
hundred and twenty above Point Isabel. As
soon as we all get up there and our supplies, we
shall make a forward movement to Montery, at
the foot of the mountains, one hundred and eigh
ty miles from Camorgo.- It is my opinion that
the Mexicans will not again fight, butthry may
prolong the war by keeping out of our way
which I think they will do, and we cannot well
follow them for want of transportation. We
have eleven Steam-Boats on the Rio Grande, and
are forcing supplies of every kind up the river.
-*** * * *
You can have no idea what a- wretched popu
lation there arein Mexico, out Creek Indians are
infinitely superior to them. The best'reliable
news from Montery, is that there were about
500 men there at work, fortifying the town. If
I was in command, if they would agree to go in
to fortified places, I would build them, we could
then know where to find them. W henever they
meet us you may be sure of one thing, and that
is, that we are victorious.
I leave behind me, said a great physician y"on
his death bed, two great physicians— Dift^a
Water.