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visited il • few day# after, I wfll reserve for
that trip a fuller account of the view* from
this commanding apot. ac some of them were
partially obscured by the hairnets of the atmos
phere at the time. The scenery is occasionally
•mlsellisbed by a steam boat passing up or down
the river, and thcio was one went up the day
w ware there, and Owing to our great elevation
and the winding river, * the smoke could he seen
with now and than a glimpse of the boat for 0 or
9 hours as she went on her winding way.
These boats run with a good river nearly to the
Smoky mountains above Knoxville, & descend to
ths head of the Muscle Shoals, where there is a
jKHtags for the conveyance of goods to the head
waters of navigation for larger boats, that ply Ire
tween the foot of the shoals and New Orleans.
While we were seated on the Took Out Hock
there were a number of light fancy clouds, which
gave to the landscapo that beautiful appearance
never witnessed in a flat country, alternate spots
f green and yellow, and as the clouds flew
-swiftly by, nothing could bo more beautiful than
this ebamelion-like landscape. After some hours
spent most delightfully, gazing on the river and.
mountains and the little farms below us, wo de
scended to a cool spring, where we rested and
lunched ; after which we set out od our return
march, being disappointed in visiting Nicka
jack Cave, in consequence of-the badness of the
roads through the mountains. That night we
.spent with an old lady, who informed us that her
Father lived to bo 10G years of age, and preached
the day before his death. He preached for 80
years, one of his sons-in-law about 101, and his
daughter looks like she -might hear preaching at
100. Next morning after seeing the ladies to
Judge K.’s where they expected to meet some re
lations who were to return with them, I turned
into Dogwood valley, (Walker county,) to visit
Judge G. and -his brother, neither of whom 1
had seen lor years. I forgot to mention, that the
Toad we travelled that morning crossed the Rail
Road several-times, which appeared to be dodg
ing about from right to left, as if for the pleasure
of crossing th,o crceks.l At one of these cross
ing places, I noticed the piers of the intended
bridge were built of a beautiful reddish sandstone
almost as hard as granite, and from the ease with
-which it is quarried (splitting one way) admira
bly adapted to building purposes. It is found in
great abundance along the Rail Road, and will
probably at no distant day drive,Quincy granite
out of the markets of S. Carolina and Georgia,
except in the seaports, whero it is sometimes
brought as ballast.
•On my way to sec my valley friends, I called
at a Presbyterian ca.mp meeting, whero I found
a small but intelligent collection of peoplp. I re
mained there for one sermon, and not seeing my
friends, set out in search of them, and, with my
usual luck, for just as I left the camp ground by
one road, they arrived by another. After a two
bears’ ride up the valley, over a beautiful farm
ing country, almost every acre farming land, I
found the residence of Judge G. and a part of
bis family, and that evening I had the pleasure
f seeing the balance of them. Not less great
was the pleasure to find with them, Mr. F. and
bis accomplished lady from Muscogee, accom
panied by the mother, brother, and the two beau
tiful sisters of Mrs. F. What a treat for so en
thusiastic an admirer of beauty and music.—
Here, in this sequestered vale, “unknown to
feme,” wore four young ladies, (Judge G. has
two beautiful daughters,) that sung like night
ingales, and who would be admired in any draw
ing room in the most polished city in the Union.
After tea, we had some fine music, mixed with i
a thousand questions from my old friends, and I
Anew not when I enjoyed a more delighful even
ing. There was but one alloy: I occasionally
thought of tho rudo old man, who mistook my
temporary wards for my daughters. I wish peo
ple would not ask such impertinent questions,
not that I care who knows how old I am, but
I have some friends who are very sensitive on
the subject. Those who are growing old have,
however, one consolation ; it is said, that “age
is honorable”—it may be true, but I am willing
to dispense with the honor for the next 25 years.
The next day, (Sunday,) we ail returned to
unp meeting, and found the congregation much
larger than the day before, composed chiefly of
good substantial farmers and their families, a
mongst them some pretty faces, but nene to com
pare with our party'. After hearing two ser
mons, we returned, and that evening planned an
excursion to the Look Out mountain, Emerald
Spring, <<kc. The next morning, one of the
young ladies and myself were on horseback before
sunrise, ’and rode over to Mr. Z. G’s., where
ihe party was to set out frem, some of them
-(having gone over the preceding evening) and
the balance was to come over after an early
breakfast Our plan was to set off early and
on the mountain in time to see the setting
sun from the top of the mountains, and witness
its rising the next morning, but as with the oth
er party, a late breakfast coupled with some un
foreseen delays, broke it up.
Our party was composed of Mr. F. and three
-of the young ladies and their cousin, young Mr.
<3., and myself. Mr. F. and one of the ladies
in a carriage, the balance on horseback. About
nine o’clock, we who were on horseback, set out,
leaving the carriage to follow. We started off
like Dr. R. did when he left N. Carolina for
Georgia, (after being rejected)—in a gallop, the
wild laughing Miss 8. G. like another Dio Ver
non leading the advance. After two hours rap
id riding, we halted at a large and beautiful
limestone spring, to wait for the carriage, which
bad been detained waiting for another carriage,
with Mrs. F., and the mother of Mr. F., and
her pretty grand-daughter, who were all going
some ten miles on our route. It was a most un
fortunate detention for those on horseback, as
our dinner was in the carriage, and we got tired
of waiting, and concluded. 3 the road was pret
ty good, we would go on slowly, and let it over
take us; in this we fared like the boy that tried
to catch a fawn, tho nearer he got to the lawn, the
farther it got from him. We rode on until 4
o'clock, when we halted at McFarlane’s, 3 miles
from Chattanooga and tho same distance from
the Look Out. Soon after the carriage arrived
with the remnant of our dinner, which never
could have come in a better timo, unless it had
come sooner. We were very anxious to spend
the night on the mountain, but the ladies were
a good deal fatigued, never having rode so far
on horseback at once, and we concluded tp remain
at McFarlane’f until morning, and set out before
daylight, provided we could get the ladies up,
so as to see the sun rite, if we could not see it
sst from tho Look Out rock. Being an old
campaigner I was made chairman of the com
mittee of arrangements, rather a delicate office,
■i it required me to have threo young ladies, that
Bad undorgene a good deal of fatigue the day
before, waked up at 4 o’clock in the morning.—
At 3, I waked up our kind host, and he waked
the cook and the cook waked the ostler, and be
fore daylight wo had the horses saddled, break
fast on the table, and strange to tell, the ladies
ready to eat it.
The morning was very dark, owing to a dense
fog, which filled the whole valley of the Ten-1
nessee, and reached far up the sides of the sur
rounding mountains, but such was the eager
mess of the ladies to seo the sun rise from the
top of the mountain, that they put off in a can
ter, and kept it until we struck tile foot of tile
mountain, to which point the road was very
fine. The road then became steep and rough,
rising some 1800 feet in less thaw two miles.—
About 1000 or ISOO feet above the val
ley wo emerged from the fog, when the scene
•addenty presented to our view, would have de
fied the descriptive powers of Scott in his meri
dian splendor, much less mine. The Sun had
jnst risen, and the mountains, the tops of which,
were only visible above the fog, looked prccisa
ly like so many Islands, the fog having the ap
pearance of the ocean when slightly agitated by
the winds, and so eudden did the Sun burst up
en us, that the whole scone appeared as if it wav
the effect of enchantment, for only a few hundred
feet below, everything was veiled from the view
by an impenetrable fog. Never was there o
party more richly repaid for being disturbed in
tbsir slumbers, and those who had murmured a
little, were now rejoicing that they had been
disturbed. I was born in full view of the Blue
Ridge, and have been accustomed to Alpine
aeenery moat of my life, and had stood on the
Look-Out rock a d seen the Sun rise, when the
mountains were capped with anow, and have
HTbe bridges on this road, when all arcnm
pletod'/w4J had* cost near a quarter of a million.
Intelligent mefl think they might liava been fewer
and ahurter.
stood on the wild sea beach when ths waves
ran mountains high, (small mountains) but this !
view surpassed every thing I hed ever seen.— j
After gazing on this magnificent view for some j
time, we ascended to the summit, where we saw
several mountains not visible from tho point;
where we had first halted. From the point
where you roach the top of the mountain to tire
Look Out rock is about a mile, almost every
step presenting some new view, but it is at tho
Look Out rock, you have by far the most exten
sive view, owing to its being a naked promontory.
This rock is near 2000 feet above the Tennessee,
and from it the view is unsurpassed in the U.
States—for it takes in three-fourths of the hori
zon, exhibiting mountains and valleys ttf a great
distance.
At your feet rolls tho wide and beautiful Ten
nessee, on the banks of which, and ‘u full view,
stands the town of Chattanooga, and the river is
seen at five or six different points, many nrilcs
apart. When we arrived at the rocks the valleys
wore still enveloped in fog, but we had a fine
view of the surrounding mountains; of these,
we could see very distinctly, the smokey moun
tains of East Tennessee, Walden’s Ridge, ex
tending into middle Tennessee ; the Cumber
land mountain, the Raccoon mountains witli their
sugar loaf peaks, Taylor’s Ridge in Walker, and
many others of less note. We remained some
half hour on the rock, after which I con
ducted the party to tho Western side of the pro
montory where we had a view of the Racoon
mountains in the direction of Nickajack. Here
I detained thorn until I knew the fog had disap
peared in the vale belcw, we then relumed to the
point of the rock, and the most fabled accounts
of enchanters’ could not have done more during
our short absence, than had been done by the
sun ; the fog was gone and we now beheld the
winding Tennessee,§ with its beautiful bottoms,
interrqrcrsed with farms, on which we could see
the farmers engaged in their daily pursuits, with
their fine stock of all kinds feeding on their rich
and beautiful meadows, and far below us on the
river, we beheld a solitary fisherman launching
his light canoe which some of our party magni
fied into a small Steanr Boat, others said it was
the fisherman’s pipe that they mistook for the
anroke of the boat; Ido not pretend to decide
which was right, as those mountain boats use
ash and make kss smoke than ours, and the moun
taineers grow their own tobacco and mako much
more than those who buy the vile weed. Inde
pendendent of the fine view of tho river and
mountains, the landscape was unusually beauti
ful, owing to the varied tints of the forest, of
green, yellow, red and brown, only to be seen in
autumn. <■
I had stbod on this rock 25 years ago, the
peaceful vale below', then inhabited by a few
Indians and Indian countrymen—now hew chang
ed the scene. Compared with eternity. 25 yi'ars
is as a moment, not so with man ; that peaceful
vale is now full of farms and enterprising white
men, and an ancient bachelor stands on the spot
then occupied by a joyous youth, full of life and
hope, now, as sober in appearance as the autum
nal forest trround him, having blit little to fear,
and leas to hope. It is singular, that I should at
that time have indulged in such melancholy re
flections, for by my side sat three of the fairest of
Eve's daughters,(no envious or envied rival near,)
any one of them sufficiently beautiful to run an
old bachelor, less philosophic than myself, crazy.
All I could do, was to gaze on them, as Moses
did on the promised laud, praising and blessing
that which I never could possess, llow often as
I sat gazing on those bright faces, all sunshine
and happiness, did I inwardly exclaim with
Scotland’s Bard, “ O for one and twenty Tam
but as soon wouhlJOwen Glendower’s spirits from
the vasty deep answer to his call as “ one and
twenty” to mine, and I was forced to think of
those beautiful and last lines of Byron—
“ ’Tis time th:B heartslrould be unmoYed,
Since others it has ceased to move.”
From the spot where wo sat, the eye roamed
over eeveral millions of acres of land, embracing
some of the most fertile valleys of Tennessee
and Georgia, and at that moment, had tho whole
been mine, I would have given it, to have felt
and looked as I did when I first stood on that
lolly promontory.
I was then on my way from Nashville, below
which place, I had just purchased a large claim
against the Federal Government, from which
I expected soon to realize a fortune, which I in
tended, offering to or.e, whom in my estimation
had no equal. Had she been the prize forw-hich
the Greeks and Trojans fought. Hector, (Homer’s
only true hero) had not fallen in an unholy
cause, and I have no doubt but the war would
have lasted twenty’ years instead of ten, and
Troy’s proud walls might probably have yet been
standing.
Ere the year rolled around, that fair being
was consigned to an early grave, and my fortune
turned out like SanehoPanzasEarldom—dissolv
ed like salt in water, with little consolation left,
except the consciousness of having deserved a
better fate. With feelings but little changed by
time, and the world’s jostlings, I have outlived all
my early hopes, and nearly all my early friends.
A strange fatality appears to have attended most
of my youthful associates, few of them attained
thirty years of age. Peace to their ashes.
We remained several hours quietly seated on
the Lookout Rock, the rest of the company
gazing alternately on the river and the far blue
mountains, whilst I, like Byron’s youth, was
half my.time gazing on the fair face of her who
sat by me, and night would probably have found
us in the same spot, bad not one of the young
ladies discovered that in the hurry consequent ori
a day-break start, she had forgot to eat her break
fast. What a pity people cannot live without
eating; it puts us to a great dea!%f trouble, and
in the present instance deprived us of some plea
sure—Returning from the promontory we
stopped to examine Leonora’s spring, named af
ter thelady who discovered it. It is the finest wa
ter I ever tasted, and it looks as if it had been
placed there.by tie all-wise Creator, especially
for the benefit of those who visited ths moun
tain, for it is 1530 feet above where there is nny
other use for it. It has no branch, for it disap
pears in a fisure of the rock at the mouth of the
Cave, within a few feet of where it is first seen.
The spring is in a Cave, at the foot of a preci
pice, about a hundred feet high, and you get at
it from above by some rude steps placed in a
chasm in the mountain. Near the spring, be
math a projection of the mountain is the “Lov
er’s Retreat,” where several hundred persons
might shelter themselves from the sudden .- forms,
common in the summer months, in those alpine
regions. Here we amused ourselves for a while,
by rolling huge rocks down the mountain, that
had been detacheJ from the overhanging preci
pice, some of them weighing half a ton or more,
and we saw some half way down the mountain
as large as a common house, that had evidently
been detached from tho precipice near the top of
the mountain, fciome of the largest we rolled,
went a great distance, bounding over the grass
and bushes, like an old buck when chased hy the
hunter. Almost all amusements, sooner or later,
become tiresome, rolling rocks of a warm day,
sooner than most others ; so wo concluded to rc
ascend our frail stairs, and commences our des
cent of the mountain, which was performed in
much less time than the ascent. An hour’s ride
brought us back to McFarland’s, where we found
an excellent dinner, with the addition of a good
cup of coffee, which had on mo the same exhil
arating effect, that whipping had on the boy,
who begged his mother to stop, assuring her, lie
felt very much refreshed. McFarland has a
pretty place, sonm two hundred yards from the
Tennessee line, where you get pretty good coflce,
fine water and good milk and butter, fresh and
cool from the spring house. It was tlte former
residence of tho celebrated half-breed, John Ross,
His lather, an intelligent old Scotchman, lived at
the foot of tho mountain. As the ladies com
plained of being a little fatigued, from their ride
on the mountain, we concluded to spend the eve
ning at McF’s. After supper, (a fashionable tour
ir.t, would have said alter Ira, but they seldom
have tea in these diggins.) we took a'long stroll
for the purpose of enjoying a moonlight view of
the Look Out Rock, which looked beautiful as
the moon sunk behind tho moun’ains. ~ In addi
tion to the lovely moonlight scenery, we had
4 It may well be termed “ the winding Ten
nessee,” for one prong beads in N. E. C.eorgia,
runs iqto N. Carolina, thence into Tennessee,
thence South west by the North west corner of
Georgia, into Alabama, thenco back by N. E. eor
ne.r of Mississippi, through Tennessee and Ken
tucky, ;o the Mississippi river.
some fine music, one of the ladies seating hcr
j self on a large rock by the road side, with her
Guitar, the rest seating themselves around and
uniting their eoft, rich voices with the performers,
who were accompanied by young G. on a Flute,
iln the midst of our enjoyment, some drunken
i boosters, returning from Chattanooga, discovered
us seated on the rock and mistaking tho young
ladies in their white dresses, for ghosts, such
a scampering I have not seen since the Creek
warof!B36, when Opothle.yoholah and his men,
ran from tho Uchecs in the swamps of the Hatcha
chubbee. I believe tho ladies (who had-taken
a siesta, and felt no inclination for sleep in the
midst of such scenery) would have remained on
the rock until midnight, had not Mr. F. notified
them that “ when twilight dews were fall) rg fast,”
in the montlr of September, it was satrfst to ha
in the house ; we accordingly returned, but like
the unfortunate Boabdil, when leaving his loved
Grenada; we took many a long and lingering look
at the mountain behind us. It is singular, how
pretty faces affect our memory ; I had like to
have forgot, that on our first arrival at McFar
land’s, we found an old friend, Mr, C. from Put
nam, who joined us in our mountain excursion,
and remained with us until the next day, when
we parted on the road. Mr. C. is an old f-achel
dor, and so diffident that he was never known to
shake hands with but one lady in his life, and
when one of our young ladies asked him if he
would not accompany us to tip; Look Out Rock,
he blushed so long that I began to think his face
never would resumerits usual hue. I shall nev
er forget the graceful wave of his hand to the
same young lady (ho \<as too far off to speak)
when we parted next morning. The kind old
man appears to be left alone in the world, with
but little to care for, except his good steed, of
whom lie is quite as careful as ever Dugald Dal
getty was of his. Next morning we were up ear
ly, and after partaking of a good breakfast, we
set out on the return march, taking the Enn raid
Spring in our route. This spring, the prettiest
l ever saw, is about 8 or 10 miles S. E. of the
Look Out Rock, and gushes out from a limestone
cliff, covered with Cedar, and has water enough
for two or three mills. The bottom is covered
with a beautiful green moss, green as the Emer
ald itself, (henco its name.) It soon widens out
into the loveliest little lake, eyes ever be
held, clear as ether, and it some places, ten
feet deep, and abounds with fish, amongst which
we noticed some fine Trout and Perch. The
ground slopes gently in every direction to the
lake, and is covered with a beautiful growth,
much of which, especially at the water’s edge,
is Cedar, and the shore is pure lime-tone, and
the bottom is alternate spots of green and white,
as the sand or moss predominates.
There is a beautiful sittlement of farming
land near the Spring, and but for its reputation
for unhealthiness, it would be one of the most
desirable spots in Georgia. There is usually a
hatteau kept on the lake, for the amusement of
visitors, but unfortunately for us.it had been car
ried dow.n the creek which is the outlet of the
lake, by a fishing party oily a lew hours before
our arrival; the first time it had been away in
twelve months. So much for being unlucky—
being five minutes too late, once, kept rue from
being married.
Were I able, I would purchase the lands a
round the lake, for fear some Vandal might get
them, and destroy the, groves around, and mud
dy the water, by clearing up the lands. The
Anglo Saxon race, are a great people, for making
improvements, hut they make sad work with
Druid groves and crystal streams. If, like Ly
enrgus or Solon, I had the drafting of a code of
laws, I would prohibit the settlers from cutting
down tho groves around their houses, and imme
diately on the banks of the streams, and tho
first man that settled in an open field or in the
woods and then cut down the shade trses around
his dwelling, I would put in the stocks from 12
to 2 o’clock every day in the month of August,
and at night in his own garret in a half filled
feathor bed. After a long ramble around the
lake, stopping occasionally to see the fish play
ing in the deepest parts, we returned to the
Spring, mounted our horses and set out for Mr.
G’s., in Dogwood valley, where we arrived at
twilight, crossing “ Taylor’s Ridge” just as the
sun was disappearing behind the lofty Look Out.
Here, after resting a day, two of the young
ladies and myself, took late one afternoon a long
ride on “Taylor’s Ridge,” following the crest of
the mountain for a mile or two, obtaining a great
many pretty views of mountains and valleys,
the latter every where dotted with farms. Wo
remained on tho highest peak of the mountaine
until sunset, to witness what a Lowlandcr has no
conception of; —the last rays of the sun shining
on the gorgeous slopes, of the mountains, mad,
richer than usual by their autumnal hues. I re
mained a day or two longer visiting some old
friends whom I had formerly known in Middle
Georgia,—returning in the evening, to Judge G’s.
where the hours appeared to me as short as they
did to Quizenbury in Charleston, where the
clocks chimed the quarters, which he mistook
for hours. After tea, (here we had tea,) we had
moonlight strolls, succeeded by music, that I would
not have exchanged for that of all the hired sing
ers on tho continent, with Paganini thrown in
for good measure. I had but one cause of re
gret, and that was the knowledge that I must
soon leave.
I read once of a man, who at the end of a long
life, said lie could only number nine happy days-
I know not how many I have seen, but I shall
when I come to count them, certainly set down
all of the days I spent in Dogwood valley. ’Tip
poo Saib, (sultan of Mysore) said ho would rath
er live two days like a tiger than two hundred
years like a lamb. I would rather spend two
years as I did in Dogwood valley than two hun
dred years like Tippoo Saib. But all earthly
pleasures must have an end, so had mine, lor
one bright Sept, morning, tho presence of a can
didate for Congress, reminded me that it was the
duty of every good citizen to be at home the Ist
Monday in October; so, after taking up my cap
and laying it down some half dozen times, fully
realizing all the while a line in “ The Watch
man,” “ Tho wish to stay grows stronger, the
more ’tis time to go.” I finally said “Good
Bye,” mounted my Arab steed and was off like
an arrow, looking back at the ladies who were at
the door, until I had like to have twisted my
head off. I remember the substance of Byron s
beautiful lines to his readers, inclosing Childe
Harold’s pilgrimage, something about, “Fare
well ! a word that must be and hath been” &c..
but I never could recollect them, when I had a
beautiful lauy by the hand, and looking at eyes
more soft than the soft hand I held; andlhc
man that would, thus situatftl, stop to repeat
other men's icorde, has more men ory and less
feeling than I have, and richly deserves never to
utter any thing of his own worth listening to.
It was my intention to have gone from Walker
to Chattooga, (the only county, I believe in
Georgia, in which 1 had not been) and return by
Rome, Van Wert, Villa Rica, thence home, but
learning there were letters for me at Spring Place,
I changed my route and went by the way of
Cross Plains, where some enterprising Northern
capitalists are building a town with the hope of
ils being tho terminus of the Rail Road, now
nearly completed to that point. How tar then
hopes may he realizey, depends on those who are
hired, to think for those who pay the piper whilst
others dance. If the road stops at Cross Plains,
it will be of immense advantage to N. Western
Gei rgia, but should it be carried toChaltaiioaga,
it will bring in competition with our people, a
large scope of Tennessee, abounding in the satno
production*, cultivated by a hardy, industrious
population, of simple habits, where labor has ever
been cheaper than on our cido of the Blue Ridge
and who have no taxes to pay to redeem the
Bonds with which a part of the road was built,
and with which I fear it will lie finished. It is
true, the Tennesseans will have no share in tho
profits of the road. lam willing to give them
my share, provided they will finish thornad. and
refund what it has already cost, and I think a
majority of the State would sell out on the same
if not better terms to the purchaser. Tho road
has already cost the State, exclusive of interest,
upwards of three millions of dollars, ami she has
offered to take a million for it, thereby acknowl
edging a loss or waste of more than two millions.
I hope, as Judge Burke said to the man he sen
tenced to be hung, that it will lie a warning to us
all the rest of our lives. Tho project was ill
conceived and badly executed, as most public
works are. In the above remarks, I attnrh no
blamo to the present Engineer, who has the char
ae.ter of being an honest and competent officer.
I blamo lire projector# ami political leg-roileijs
who gulled the people and induced them to un
dertake so vast a work without the means to
carry it on, without taxing those Who had
but little interest in the work, for all works of
this kind are obliged to he sectional, hence the
impropriety of States interfering with them. I
was told that the profits of the road for tins first
year wus ten thousand dollar) on an investment
of three millions. The business of the road must
greatly increase, but I fear it will be a long time
before it pays tho interest on its cost, besides the
necessary repairs. Whether the road stops at
Cross Plains or Chattanooga, it will still be im
portant to the N. W. counties, for it is better to
let Tennessee divide the profits, than to be with
out the road. The road is equally important to
those at the lower terminus as tho upper, for they
will get the productions of the up country much
lowoi than heretofore, and man y articles that we
have been dependent on the East and West for,
will hereafter bo furnished by our northern coun
ties. The road has waked them from their slum
bers, and in a few years, .1 think they will be
able, owing to tho cheapness and fertility of the
lands, to drive a great many northern articles out
of our markets. No part ofN. England is better
adapted to grain of all kinds, and grasses, pota
toes, hops, apples, pears, quinces, &c., than the
rich valleys ofMurray, Walker, Gilmer, Dade
Chattooga and parts of Cass and Paulding, and
so large and fertile are the valleys, that they can
make a sufficient surplus for all the country bor
dering on the R. Road.
Should the .State sell the‘*GreatTrunk” which
has already consumed all ourmaterials for Trunk
making, the Road will in all probability be car
ried to Cha'tanooga, as the stockholders will pay
more regard to their own interests, than to the
interests of the Cherokee counties. The good
people of Georgia should be wide awake on the
first Monday in Oct. next, when they go toelect
a Chief Magistrate and members of the Legisla
ture, for there will be such a log rolling as has
not been seen since the famous State Bond ses
sion, or the time there was a Branch of the Da
rien Bank established at Dahlonega. I have
full as much hope of seeing the Millenium, as an
honest and intelligent Legislature.
Frofn Cross Plains I camo down to Maj. C’s
by the way of Spring Place. The Maj. spends
the most of his time at his Iron Works in Cass,
but I was fortunate in meeting him at home.
Here I spent a pleasant day and went with Miss
C. on horse back to a country church, where we
had what was rare in that region, and I believe in
most others—a short, plain, sensible sermon,
such as could he understood by the whole con
gregation. Next day I cimc to Coosawattee
and had the mortification to learn that Col. C.
had just left, but I found his son who gave me a
cordial w'elcome to that far famed seat of hospi
tality. From Coosawattee I came to Maj. Free
man’s in Cass, where I found most of the compa
ny I left there on my way up, with some addi
tions. Here I spent two days and in the after
noon of the second took a ride to the summit of
the highest mountain in the neighborhood, with
a small party, amongst them Miss W. (a neice
of Major P. of Macon)who is the most fearless
rider I mot with during my rambles, The after
noon was very clear and we had a fine view of
the distant mountains, and of the valleys below
us, and the setting sun was beautiful.
The next morning I turned my horse’s head
to the south, and landed that evening at Dr.
H s, oil the banks of the Etowath. The
Dr. has a pretty place, and one of the best upland
farms in Cass county, and which is well culti
vated. In this neighborhood, in addition to fine
grain and grasses, they succeed well with cotton,
frequently making from 1000 lbs. to 1200 per
acre. The river lands here, contain a good deal
of isingglass, which I'think accounts for its pro
ducing cotton better than richer lands a few miles
north of them. At the Drs. I had the misfor
tune to lose mv herse, which compelled me to
return by the Rail Road and Stages. I was de
tained an afternoon and night at Atlanta, wait
ing for the stages, and had time to walk over this
modern city that has sprung up like a mushroom.
If it stands as long as Rome, and increases as
rapidly as it has for a year past, it will spread all
over DeKalb county. It is a thriving little place,
arid destined no doubt, as the old negro said by
Plattsburgh to “grow bigger hereafter.” The
next morning found me seated by an intelligent
“Down East” driver, bound for Newnan, La-
Grange, Ac. ; the inside passengers were, I pre
sume /English, foe not one of them ever asked
me to exchange seats. The next morning found
me at home. RAMBLER.
From tbe Richmend Enquirer.
TUB AVAR.
The Whig press have teemed with attacks up
on the Administration for the “vacillation and
imbecility” which it has manifested in its man
agement of the war with Mexico. In their
charitable view, nothing has been properly done.
From the beginning they have predicted disaster
to our arms. In pathetic terms, they have de
scribed the perilous positions in which our army
has been placed through the “ignorance” or “in
efficiency” of the War Department, in the face
of overwhelming numbers of Mexicans—but in
every case their prophecies have been falsified,
and our officers and soldiers have won a series
of victories as brilliant and decisive as can ha
found in history. In it word, though the glorious
deeds of our troops refuted the charge in tones of
thunder, the Whig pres3 have been sedulously*
occupied in ridiculing and. assailing the “con
stant failures” of the Executive. They havo
even gone so far as to sink their own govern
ment below that of the Mexican military tyrants,
and to declare that the policy of the War De
partment would “ disgrace ” that of the misera
ble nation with whom we are now contending.
We find in a Northern Whig press when we
least looked for it, a high compliment to the en
ergy and success which havo marked the pro
ceedings of the Administration. The Boston
Courier is one of the most rabid Whig papers
in the Union. It lias arrayed itself against the
South and her institutions, has rebelled against
the war as having been prosecuted for the exten
sion ol slavery, and has even sneered at the requi
sition lor troops upon Massachusetts. In its
deep hostility to tire South, it raised the (lag of
dissolution. Yet, it is forced, by the strong facts
before the world, to do justice to the Administra
tion, in its conduct of tho war. We commend its
article to its less indiscret, hut mope insidious as
sociates of the Whig press:
“ As respects the origin of the war, there may
ho a difference of opinion, but it must he conced
ed that it has been conducted with remark
able rapidity and success. Between tbe first
of Juno and the first of October—in the
brief space of four months— armies of 20,000
men have been raised, disciplined, and transport
ed from eight FTjvor.En to oxe thousand
miles. The enemy has been kept in a constant
state of alarm in every quarter. New Mexico.
New Leon and California oil tho Pacific—regions
larger than Spain or France—are actually sub
dued, and the ports on both sides blockaded.
The enemy, defeated in three battles, stripped ol
the principal part of their artillery and muni
tions of war, cut olf from from foreign supplies
and revenues, and disheartened by defeats, are
soon to bo placed between two enemies, either ol
which, alone js competent to meet any force
they can raise, and when united will he within
ten day’s march of their capital. Before sixty
days have elapsed, it may well bo predicted the
Mexicans will hold no post North of a line drawn
from Tampico through Saint Louis to Saint
Bias.”
A Small Calculation.— Suppose a man
drinks four glasses of liquor a day at fivo cents a
glass, in a week he spends ono dollar and forty
cents, and in a year seventy two dollars arid
eighty cents. This will buy the following arti
cles :
Four barrels of flour, say $34 CO
Three pairs ofboots, say 16 00
Forty pounds of butter, 10 00
A hundred pounds of beef 8 00
A. r.cw hat 4 00
Anew satin vest 5 00
A bonnet for with 6 00 *
Sugar plums and cake for children 1 80
$72 80
lima Treason. —Mark 11. Parkenson has
been arrested at New Orleans, aroused of hold
ing intercourse with the Mexican Government.
[Jia/timore Patriot.
_ The land js alive with traitors. It would
have a salutary influence if an examplo were
made of a few of them.— N. Y. Stir.
—nanvw T--
COLUMBUS, GA.
TUESDAY, DECEMBER 2!>, 1848.
THE “TIMES.”.*
This paper commences to-day the 7th volume
of its publication, tinder its present name. The
“Times,” under different titles, has been 17 or
18 years in existence, and has passed through
the usual vicisiludes of newspaper life.
It was started in 1828 or 1829 (we believe)
as the “Democrat” under the direction of C. E.
Bartlett. A few years afterwards, it passed into
the hands ol the late Major Guerry, who in con
nection with Messrs. B. V. Iverson, Wm. Cline,
and J. H. Campbell, at different periods publish
ed it, under the name of The Sentinel” until
1837. It was then united to the “ Herald” pub
lished by Mr. J. B. Webb, and called “ The Sen
tinel & Herald.” It next passed through sever
al other hands, into those of James Van Ness,
and assumed its present appellation. The “ Ar
gus” edited by Jas. N. Bethunc, Esq., was af
terwards united with it, and finally, for good or
fob.evil, as eur friends shall determine, it passed
into the hands of its present proprietors.
The establishment is probably now in as siablc
and prosperous a condition as it ever has been;
but not so much so, as it ought to be from its po
sition. Whether from ■ reliance upon the
strength of their principles, or whether they are
poorer, or as the Whigs say, more “ ignorant,”
vre know not; but we know the fact is so ,- that
the Democrats do not sustain tlreir presses as
the Whigs do. The Whigs support their pa
pers well—by their liberality they make the
publication of Whig papers profitable, and hence,
they have, generally able papers. They act up
on the sensible axiom that a good article cannot
be had for a small price.
It is possible, that tho Democratic cause may,
sustain itself, by the force of its own great and
enduring principles. The Whig cause cannot
be so sustained. Its aims and principles are es
sentially anti-popular. The Whigs know this,
and hence they pay high for talents to aid it.
They uphold and cherish their editors. They
sustain, and flatter and make much of the rising
young men of their party. And in all this, they
have the advantage of the Democrats. In short,
with bad principles, the Whigs almost deserve
success, by the ability, perscvcrence and industry
with which they pursue it. Let thesDemocracy
take a lesson from them, and stand up to their
own friends.
MACON AMD SAVA KM AH MAIL.
There is something out of joint on this route-
The label at the “Post-Office” “No mail beyond
Barnesvilie” has become a familiar sight, and
why should a mail fail at Barnesvilie ? On en
quiry we find that the failure is frequently occa
sioned at Macon, by the departure of the Macon
and Wostern Railway cars, before the mail sched
ule time at Macon; and thus letters and papers
for Columbus are left over a day at Macon. On
Wednesday last, our Northern mail, went by
Barnesvilie up the Rail Road to Atlanta orsome
other place where it had no business to go.—
That mail contained Foreign advices, and among
other important items, the news offd advance of
cotton in Liverpool. A passenger came through
with the news in his waistcoat pocket, and the
consequence was a general and silent sweep ol
all the cotton on sale.
Now, w'e protest against this irregularity as
unnecessary and injurious. What excuse was
there for not transferring tho mail bags from the
cars to the coaches at Barnesvilie ? It was inex
cusable carelessness or wilful neglect. Most
people wijl lay the blame of all this upon tlir
Department at Washington. The fault is or the
roads. Can it be possible that there is any mis
understanding between the companies transport
ing the mail from Savannah to Columbus? We
have heard so'; but could scarcely believe thal
parties so deeply interested in each others’ pros
perity and whose mistakes and divisions are
narrowly watched by a vigilant and powerful rival
in the East, could be guilty of conduct so weak
and short-sighted.
We hope we shall hear no more complaints on
this subject. By Savannah, woof Columbus,
can get our mails nine hours i-ooner than by tliv
Atlanta route. But, we should prefer to wait
nine hours longer and g.'tit regulailv, than to be
annoyed every day or two by failures, as we be
lieve, wholly unnecessary.
FROM THE ARMY.
The columns of the New Orleans papers are
occupied with letters from their numerous cor
respondents in the army. There is but little of
interest to be gleaned from them. At Monterey,
the Troops were in active preparation for the
march to Tampico, and were to have left upon
the 6th, 7th, and Bth of this inst. The Ohio
Brigade with Gen. Butler as Governor of Monte
rey, were to be left in command of the place.
The division of Regulars and Volunteers under
Gen. Twiggs had left Monterey for Victoria, a
town of considerable size upon tho route to Tam
pico. At this point it was possible that an en
gagement might be expected, as a. large body of
Mexican soldiers had been seen in the vicinity.
It is supposed that the Georgia Regiment form a
portion of the command under Gen. Twiggs.
Some Mexicans who have been tampering with
our troops, and endeavoring to induce them to
desert, have been arrested by Gen. Taylor. The
most strenuous exertions had been made by the
Mexicans to induce desertion, $l5O being offered
as bounty money to each soldier, and a promise
of a captaincy.
The Gulf Shuajiron.— Our readers will
peruse, with pain, the account of the loss ot the
U. S. brig Corners. She was capsized
Gruz and went down in a storm. Two offierrs
and 37 men were lost. The gallantry and hu
manity displayed by the British, French and,
Spanish fleets in saving our drowning seamen, is
spoken of in the highest terms of praise. Such
acts are bright spots.on tho face of humanity.
Death or G*x. llamer. —Brig. Gen. Ha
mer, in command of the Ohio Brigade, died at
Monterey on tho 3d inst. of bilious cholic. Gen.
Hamer had been distinguished as an able and
eloquent member of Congress from the State ol
Ohio, and was at the time of his decease, in a
fair vvny to win for himself an equal reputation
ns a soldier. Ilis death is a-public loss to the
country and to the army.
A Rouber Convicted. —Dr. E. A. Roberts,
one ol'the individuals who robbed Mr. Watts, ol
Hattcqcfc county, and others, seme months ago
has been found guilty, and sentenced-to the Pen
itentiary for seven year*.
Reception dr the Remain# or Major j
Risoooin.—The Baltimore correspondent of
the Washington Union, under date Decem
ber 18, sp. m., writes—“ Tho remains of the
gallant Ringgold arrived here from Washing
ton 10 o’clock last night, and were received at
the depot by two of our military companies, and
a vast concourse of citizens. As the procession
passed through the city, the church and fire bells
tolled a requiem to the dead, which; with the
solemn tread of the soldiery, and the music
from the band, rendered the scene quite affect
ing. The body was deposited in the rotunda of
the Exchange under the canopy of a most mag
nificent cenotaph, which had been previously c
rected to receive it, whilst the walls of the ro
tunda are hung in mourning. Detachments from
each of the various companies have been detailed
to mount guard night and day until Tuesday
next, when the funeral is to take place. The
number of visiting companies from a distance
will exceed twenty, and the number of compa
nies of cavalry will exceed any previous display
in this city.
Dr. J. J. B. Hoxey, late acting Surgeon of the
Georgia R.-giment, reached home and was greet
ed by a large circle of friends, last week. Dr.
Hoxey, after six months of most arduous duty,
has returned to give place to Dr. Hill, who re
ceived the commission of surgeon, in the place
of Dr. Eve who was first appointed. Dr. Hox
ey states that he left 126 on tho sick list in the
Georgia Regiment, and that there was a good
deal of sickness among the troops about Monte
rey.
We regret to learn of the death of J. 8. Dis
roukes, 2d Lieutenant of the Crawford Guards.
The service lias lost in him a clever man, and
one who has shown that he possessed the ele
ments of an excellent officer.
(Cj* We have received some very pretty stan
zas, by “Stella,” and written by a delicate, and
no doubt, fair hand. They come to hand toe
late for this week, but shall appear next vreek.
Tim Message. —The last Courier des Etats
Unis, (which to please M. Guizot and his mas
ter, never permits any opportunity of twitting
the administration on account of the Mexican
war,) is forced thus to speak of the President's
Message :
“Taken together, this state paper is a remark
able production. It cannot be denied, that the
side of America—to defond which was its great
object—has been stated and sustained in it with
a rare ability. The rights of the United States
against Mexico are taken np in it ah ovo, and
pleaded, point by point, with a method and log
ic, that might make the reputation of a states
man, and most certatnly, that of a perfect man
of business. Tho President reviews minutely
all the facts appertaining to the quarrel, from the
separation of Texas to the date of the first col
lision; and all these historical events are so in
terlinked and so clearly arranged, as to cause
the United States to emerge from that imbroglio,
as white and pure as snow.” Again, alluding
to the discussion of the question of the bounda
ry of the Ilio Grande, the editor says—“ All this
portion of the Message is htind'ed with the hand
of a master; it will reverse the judgment of the
tribunals of Europe, and restore the cause of A
rnerica before it, as two ot the principal Federal
journals of New York have frankly admitted; we
mean Ihe Courier & Enquirer, and the Commer
cial Advertiser; and this admission, and the sin
cerity with which it is made, do honor to their
conductors. It is to us a source ol pleasure, to
behold the cause of the country put beyond the
scope of political passions and interests.”
Tho Message is spread at length in a most
excellent French version, before the patrons ol
this journal; and no doubt will be copied from
it into the columns of most of the journals
published in the same language in Europe; as il
will be no little thing for foreign publishers to
have the document ready translated to their
hands.— Pennsylvanian.
Juvnvirx Books. —“lntellectual Algebra;
or oral exercises in Algebra for common schools,
by D. B. Tower;” “The musical A. B. C.
and “ the musical Spelling Book” by E. Ives, Jr.
the whole published in N. Y., by Paine and
Burgers, are the titles of three little works sent
to us by the publishers. Messrs. Tarbox & Cos.
have them for Ealo.
Cot. James Gadsden —Burn adieu Gener
al.—The Che'aw Gazette of the 15th inst. says:
“ We take pleasure in informing cur readers
that Col. James Gadsden, President of the South
Carolina Rail Road Company, hasbeen appoint
ed Brigadier General, by the President of the
United States. Gen. Gadsden is to take com
mand of the Regiments of Volunteers from the
States of Virginia, North Carolina and Soutli
Carolina.”
Spain. —No Mexican Privateering.—
The N. Y. Sun says: We arc gratified to learn
that the Spanish Government has notified the
United States Government that no Mexican pri
vateers shall be permitted to fit out in any Span
ish port. Mackenzie’s secret mission to Havana
last summer had reference to this question, and
not to the return of Santa Anna, as was then
gratuitously alleged.
Volunteers ! —All the states called npon
for Troops, under the last requisition from the
War Department, 1 ave responded with promp
titude and enthu-.iasm, except Massachusetts
and North Curolinal Is it any wonder 1—
These glorious Whig States have been told by
their leaders, that’it was a “wicked War,” and
are they to engage in it? Not they. But if
North Carolina and Massachusetts do not care
to take a hand in the work of duty and patriot
ism, they have sisters enough to do it for them.
Louisiana, alone, has spirit, gallantry and valor
enough to supply tho deficiences of ten such
such States as Massachusetts and North Caro
lina.
The Washington correspondent of the Charles
ton Courier, says:
“It appears, that notwithstanding the new ta
riff, the chief products of home industry, here
tofore protected by large duties, are very high
in this market. Sugar has risen ten per cent,
upon the prices of July last, although tho duty
has been reduced ono half. Iron is very high,
both in England and in this country. Coal was
never higher than it is this winter. The cotton
folds as some call them, are filling their pockets,
while they cry “ruin,” to prevent competition
The interests of navigation are remarkably pros
perous. Tho whole present means of inland anil
foreign transportation, much increased as they
have of late been, do not equal the demands ol
our inland and foreign commerce.
***••*
The requisition for an additional Regiment
upon Pennsylvania was responded to with en
thusiasm, and a sufficient number of companies
have already been organized and havo tendered
their service. It would not be difficult to raise,
upon a months’ notire, in different portions ol
he Union, a hundred thousand men, to serv*
during tiio war. The Union states that siittH
the passage of the war-bill last May, three hun
dred thnusaffl men have tendered their servicer
to the Government as volunteers. ‘Many o!
these, however, were tor three, six, and twelve
mouths.
The “Savannah Republican” still harps o-,
the Charleston donation. It is a matter ol taste
Our’s was certainly shocked by begging alms of
Charleston, on the plea, that we had been gen
erous to her. But ns oust rues hoy. W
thought it “indelicate”—the “Republican”
thinks differently—well 1
From the Philadelphia V. S. Gazette, 19th last
ARRIVAL OF THE CAMBRIA.
FIFTEEN PATS EATER FROM EUROPE.
Rise of Cotton and Flout*—Obliteration of Po
land.
The Steamship Cambria, Captain Judkins
arrived at Boston on Wednesday evening, from
Liverpool, which she left on the 4th inst.
The news is somewhat important, both politi
cally and commercially.
The state of trade in the manufacturing dis
tricts was generally dull.
Money was plenty in London, at 2 to 3 per
cent per annum.
The Cambria spoke the steamer Great Wes
tern, Capt Matthews, from New York for Liv
erpool on the Bth inst., in lat. 50 j lon. 235, a n
well. She brought 78 passengers to Boston
-75 from Liverpool and 3 from Halifax.
The English Ports are not to be opened.
Indian corn was at 06s. to 58s. per quarter.
American Flour had advanced Is. a bbi in
Liverpool, closing 3d ip>t., with a downward ten
dency.
The plague is extending westward. Four
teen hundred persons have died of it in Bagdad.
The Cotton Market was in an unusually ex
cited and unhealthy state, owing to the heavy
operations of speculators. The price had advan -
ced three eighths of a penny. The Manchester
trade felt very indignant at this movement, and
the light in which it is viewed in London is evi
denced by the following extract from the London
Standard:
The accounts received this morning of tho
proceedings in the cotton wool market at Liver
pool yesterday, have attracted general attention
this morning. It appears that no dess than about
24,000 bales changed hands, 16,000 of which is
said to be on speculation, at an average advance
of id. per lb. and Jd per lb. on the quotation of
Friday last. In every sense of the word this is a
movement rpnch to be regretted, and for which
there is nojustrfiable cause.
Every body attending to the’ question must be
aware that the sale of the heavy cotton iabrics
has been for several weeks past seriously impeded
by the previous speculative advance in the price
of the saw material, and that from the limited
demand from causes which We have often ex
plained, there is not even a proximate prospect
of obtaining a corresponding movement in goods
and yarns generally. Profits and wages must
therefore suffer if the system is successfully per
severed in.
A better feeling"existed in momentary circles,
and consols had risen considerably. There was
no apprehension that the Bank of England will
raise the rate of interest.
The revenue authorities have permitted iron
wood, a species of cedaT or mahogany, the pro
duce of America, to be admitted duty free.
Among the recent importations at London,
wore 250 bales of American Hops, which excit
ed much attention. It is thought there will be a
demand irt England for this article.
Tho diplomatic world seems to have been sur
prised and shocked by the annexation of the re
public of Cracow to the Austrian dominions, by
the consent of Prussia and Russia. The English
and French papers consider this a violation of
the compacts of the Treaty of Vienna. Tho
London ‘Times says :
Thesensation produced by this event in Francs
and throughout Gcrmi-ny, has been deep and
strong. Such acts of power are not wrought
with impunity ;• such calamities are not endured
in vain. The imperious violence of Russia, tho
timid craft of Austria have combined to strike off
one of the branches of the Treaty of Vienna; and
the weak and vacillating Court of Berlin, disap
proving of the harshness of one of its accompli
ces and the baser practices of the other, has lent
itself to sanction the work of encroachment and
oppression. The protest against t uch deeds is
one of opinion, even more than of political influ
ence and authority ; and wo venturi to affirm
that 1 hat protest will be universal throughout tho
world, and must again bring the Governments of
England and France to co-operate in a common
cause.
Disturbances in Ireland, arising from the dis
tress f r want of flood, Were prevalent, especially
in the South and West. The Marquis of Down
shire, and the Duke of Leinster had been follow
ed by the Earl of Shannon and Ennisk?llcn, and
other influential gentlemen, in withdrawing front
the Royal Agricultural Society, because dissatis
fied with its movements for the public relief.
The London Tillies, of the .30th, under a Liv--
erpool date of the 28th says :
We are informed that our Government has
united with the French Cabinet in approval of
Mr. Hood’s proposition to terminate the difficul
ties of the River Plate. We may consequently
anticipate a speedy pacification of the affairs of
the Argentine and Oriential republics.
The scarcity of food and tiie high prices of
provisions in France, is giving rise tb numerous
and melancholy riots. VI c have not room for
particulars.
At the election of the Mayor of Nottingham,-
Mr. Cripps, formerly a citizen of the U. States
was unanimously elected.
The Spanish papers call on France and Eng
land to*establish a monarchy in Mexico, to save
that country from falling into the American Un
ion
Irelan- is enjoying more tranquility ; and the
Landlords have adopted efficient and successful
measures for the relief of the people.
Gen. Flores, the South American renegade, is
reported to have sailed from Spain, with one
thousand picked monarchists, to conquer tho re
public ol'the Equador.
The Great Britain is still on the rocks.
Belgium has opened her portsuntil Oct. 1,1817
and the export of food is prohibited.
The Pope baa authorized the people of Ifom o
to organize their own focal police. An immense
concession.
The Queen of Portugal is in aeritiral position.
The rebellion is very general, and it is supposed
that she will he compelled to abdicate.
Fresh troubles have broken out iy India, and
the British are preparing for new conquests.
Parliament will meofr on the nineteenth of
January.
M Betcourt has just been named Vico Consul
of France to Trinidad, Island of Cuba.
The wool trade of Berlin is extremely active,
and prices tango for tho greater part unJcr 65
dollars.
Tho Bey of Tunis is now in Paris, where roy
al honors arc being shown hint.
The Cholera has appeared in Spain.
M I.evcrrier, tho discoverer of the new planet,
is appointed to the new chair of mathematics ap
plied to astronomy in France.
The Duke and Duchess do Montpensier will
not relinquish their prospective rights to the
Crown of Spain.
We make the following extracts from V’ timer
&, Smith’s European Times of the 4th int.
Tho little republic of Cracow seems likely to
get the crowned heads of Europe hy tho ears-
The territory in question is now formally absorb
ed in. the Austriain empire to the great seanoa
of all who respect ths laith of treaties, and t 0
rights of legitimate government. This step “•*
been forced upon Austria, it is said, by the Czar
of Russia, with the consent of Prussia. an
nexation is most unpalatable to Franco, “ 1,1 _
has strongly protested against, and urged Kng
land to join in the protest ; but the Whig ,a
net, ilis; leased at tho Montpensier morriag .
stands aloof and [retorts singly, gratified, appa
rently, at ths opportunity which has *o spec,
occurred, of making the French Monarch foe “•*
littleness in carrying off the : Infants, contrary
their wishes, for the aggrandiseinent of It* 1011,1 -’