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S. FORSYTH & J. T. NILES,
Proprietors usd Publishers.
The Times ia published ev*ry Tuesday Morn
i*g in the building known as Winters’ Ex
change,” East side of Broad Street above Ran
dolph, up stairs, immediately in tba rear of tire
Pott Office.
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ance.
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cordingly.
Leoal Advertisements published at the usual
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tions of the law.
Sheriff's Sales under regular executions, must
be advertised thirty days ; under mortgage fi
fas, sixty days before the day of sale.
Sales of Land and Negroes, by Executors, Ad
ministrators or Guardians', for sixty days before
the day of sale.
Sales of personal property {except negroes) for
ty days.
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application for letters of administration are to
he published for thirty days.
Citations upon application for dismission, by Ex
ecutors, Administrators, or Guardians, monthly
for six MONTHS.
Orders ofCourts of Ordinary, (accompanied with
a copy ofthobond, or agreement) to make title
to land, must be published three months.
Notices by Executors or Administrators or Guar
dians, of application to the Court ofOrdinary
for leave to sell the Land or Negroes of an
estate, four months.
Notices by Executors or anministrators, to the
Debtor.; and Creditors of an estate, for six
weeks.
Lettf.rs to the proprietors on business, must
be postpaid, to entitle them to attention.
PXCBXBB! riCuLES!!
MANGO EB, Limes, Peppers, Beaus, Onions,
end mixed Pickles, in gal’s, half gal’s, q’ts.
and pints. Also, Spanish Olives and Capers.
Just received by
GREENWOOD & MORRIS.
Dec. 7, 1847.
FULTON MARKET REEF.driedßocfand
Bccl Tongues. Just received bv
GREEN WOOD & MORRIS.
Dec. 7. 1847.
rxsH.
Mackerel, No. 1,2 and 3—No. 1 shad,
Salmon, Codfish and Herrings.
Just received by
GREENWOOD & MORRIS.
Dec. 7, 1847.
JUST received, Gelatine, Preserved Ginger,
Dried Ginger, Preserves, Jams, Pic Fruit,
Spires, Saleratus, Sage, Thyme, Essences. Ex
tracts, Table Salt, White Black and Red Pep
per, Currie Powders, Fancy Soaps, Perfumery,
Stationery, Ink, German Copying Ink, Back
gammon Boards, Dice, Black Sand, &c. &c.—by
GREENWOOD & MORRIS.
Dec. 7, 1847.
VINEGAR.
KED Wine, White Wine, Raspberry and Ci
der Vinegar. Just received by
GREENWOOD & MORRIS.
Dec. 7, 1847.
MOCK Turtle Souji, Pickled Lobsters, Sar
dines and Anchovies. Just received by
GREENWOOD & MORRIS.
Dec. 7, 1847.
IONDON Porter, Croton Ale, Ohampaigne
A Cider, Wines, Liquors and Syrups of eve
ry description. Just received by
GREENWOOD & MORRIS.
Dec. 7. 1847.
SAUCES,
WORCESTERSHIRE, Ashburton. Canton
Soy and John Bull’s Beef Steak Sauces;
Also, Tomato, Mushroon and Walnut Catsup ;
Lime Juice, True Syrup, &c.
Just received by
GREENWOOD & MORRIS.
Nov. 30, 1847.
OTEWART’S Refined Sugar House Molas
tO es. Just received by
GREENWOOD 6c MORRIS.
Nov. 30, 1847.
BREAD.
SODA, Boston, Lemon and Sugar Biscuit,
Water and Butler Crackers, Pilot Bread, &c
J ust received by
GREENWOOD & MORRIS.
Nov. 30, 1847.
SUGAR A A D COFFEE.
ST. CROIX, Porto Rico,Dutch, Loaf, Crush
ed, Powdered and Clarified Sugar.
Mocha, African, Manchacho Java, Laguirn
and Rio Coffee. Just received by
GREENW’OOD & MORRIS.
Nov. 30, 1847.
CRANBERRIES, Kidney Beans. Buckwheat
Onions, Pine Apple Cheese, &c. &c.
Just received by
GREENWOOD & MORRIS.
Nov. 30, 1847.
FAMILY STORES, of every description.
Just received and for salo for cash.
GREENWOOD 6c MORRIS.
_Nov. 30, 1847.
FRESH GOSHEN BUTTER, just received
by GREENWOOD & MORRIS.
Dec. 7, 1847.
F. SMFFER—GUNSMTH
Over th Cabinet Warehouse of A. An
dersen Cos. Broad St. Columbus, Ga.
HAS jest received a fine assortment of
double and single-barrel SHOT
GUNS, PISTOLS, RIFLES, SHOT-POUCHES,
POWDER FLASKS, and every other article in
his line, of superior workmanship and finish.
He will also keep on hand HiflcS of his own
manufacture, which he will WARRANT —as well
as all repairing which may be entrusted to him.
Work done promptly and at the low
est rates.
Dec. 7, 1847. 50—3 m
J. W. PEASE,
booksf.li.br and stationer,
At the old stand, a few doors above Moody Grimes,
ts Cos. East side Broad Street,
HAS just received a complete assortment
of School, Classical, Law, Medical and
Miscellaneous works—Letter, Cap, Note and
Bill paper of every quality. Also, a good assort
ment of BLANK BOOKS. With every other ar
ticle usually kept in the business. All of which
will be sold on the most reasonable terms.
Columbus, Doc. 7, 1847. 60-3 hi
CARPETING.
JUST received a lursc supply of Ingrain
Carpeting, of beautiful designs and superior
quality.
Also, a fine assortment of Silk, Beaver and
French Hats, Boys’ and Mens’ Cloth und Oil Silk
Cap*. BROKAW & CLEMONS.
November 2, 1S 47. 45—2 m
JOB ~PRINTINgT~
Plain and Ornamental ,
NKATLT AND PUOMPLT KXKCUTKII AT THI
OKFICK or
K&e (Eolumlnis JSrfnics.
Pamphlets, I Hand Bills,
Business Cards, | Way Bills,
Visiting do ] Circulars,
Ball Ticket*, | Blank Notes,
nd every thing else in thi* line of jbusines.
HEAP, and with Despatch.
GEORGIA AND ALABAMA BLANKS
FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.
£!)c Columbus Sillies.
VOLUME VIII.
mi
FAIL A1 WINTER CM.
9. 8, BSSSVB, ft M.
jOT AVING returned to their old stand, third door below HILL,
DAWSON, & Cos., are now receiving and opening a large
and extensive Stock of
BEADY-MADE CLOTHING,
direct from tlicir own Mam factory—Consisting in part as follows :
CLOAKS AND OVERCOATS. j
Gents, super blue aud black Cloth Cloaks $
“ Cloth, Beaver, Pilot and Flashing Overcoats;
“ blue, black, invisible green and fancy co
lored FroQt and Dress Coats;
“ Cadet mixed Frock and Drcas Coats ;
“ Black Cloth, plaid Cussimere, Tweedes and
Velvet Sack Coate ;
“ Kentucky Jeans Frock and Dress Coats ;
“ “ “ Sack Coats.
They are receiving a large supply of super Fur, Silk and Cassimer Hats and Caps of every va
riety—Boots and Shoes—Silk and Cotton Half Hose—Travelling Trunks and Bags, Sic. Sic.
Also, Shaker Shirte and Drawers, white and colored Linen and Muslin Shirts, Stocks, Collars
Gloves, Suspenders, Linen and Jean Drawers, Silk and Cotton Umbrellas, &c. &c.
Also, a large assortment of Boys’ and Youths’ Clothing, all of which they will dispose of on
the must reasonable terms.
J. S. SMITH, & Cos.
September 14, 1847. 38 tIF.
MERCANTILE.
SADDLERY WAREHOUSE,
At the lien of the Golden Saddle, next
door to Mesfti'ft. Hall & Noies, East aide
Broad Street.
AT HOME AGAIN.
WADE & MOD EBEDOK,
MANUFACTURERS RF
SADDLS, I TRUNKS,
BRIDLES, SADDLE BAGS,
HARNESS, | VALICES, Ac.
Have constantly on band,, large assortment, and
are receiving every week from their own manu
factory one ofthe largest and best assortments of
Gentlemen arid Ladies Saddles, of every variety
of pattern, from the cheapest to the best, which
we are offering to sell lower than ever beforu ot
tered in this market.
HASmFS&FS.
Coxch, Barrouch, Buggy and Snlkey Harness
es, ol every style and quality.
WiOO OT KART-JESS ESS.
Collars, Hames, Whips and Dray Harnesses
Carryal Harness—some very cheap.
SAD2LIIR3 XCATEnXAX,S.
Saddle Tree Skirtings, Hog Skins, Pad do.,
Straining and Girt Web, and a large assortment ol
Saddlery, Coach ami Harness Hardware.
CAnsizAan THXMrima3.
Top and curtain Leather, Patent Dash do. Rub
ber Cloth, figured and plain ; Patent curtain
cloth, Patent mole skin, broad and narrow Luces,
Silk and Worsted Fringes and Tassels, &c.
All of which wc are offering very low.
Persons wishing to purchase any articles
in our line, would do well to call and examine
our stock qjid prices before purchasing else
where.
N. B.—Repairing in all its various Branches
done at the shortest notico and in the best man
ner.
WANTED, a lot of GOOD HARNESS
LEATHER.
Columbus, 23d October, 1547. 44-6 m
(Mllil HMMi
FALL AND WINTER
3CL 9 U 9
JOHN PA HUT,
(Successor to CEO. C. SHERWOOD.)
IS now receiving direct from his Mamifac
tory, in New-York, a large assortment o
FASHIONABLE READY MADE
of every variety and sly4e-,*-at the stand formerly
occupied by G. C. Sherwood, West side of Broad
street directly opposite Hall & Moses.
October 5, 1847. 41—ts
GEO. A. NORRIS,
WOULD respectfully announce to his cus
tomers aud the public generally, that he
is now receiving his ('ALL SXOUIt of
Staple and Fancy Dry (roods,
consisting in part of RICH DRESS GOODS, in
great variety, RICH LACE CAPES, and Laces of
every style; BONNETS, HATS, CAPS, BOOTS,
and SHOES; BLANKETS, KEARSEYS, KEN
TUCKY JEANS, SATINETS, FLANNELS,
&c., together with almost every article kept in
a Dry Goods Store, which he is selling on the
most favorable terms. Please give us an early
call. *.
Oct. 5, 1847. 41—ts
NEW GOODS.
JUST received by MYGATT & HODGES, a few
very handsome patterns French Muslin.
ALSO
a good lot Kid Gloves, Silk Mitts, &c., &c.
Columbus, July 26, 1847. 30—-ts
TO ALL WHOM JTMAY CONCERN!
THE Subscribers arc now receiving their
Fall stock of
DPAISreX AXB BTA3PI.3S
Dry Goods 9
which they will sell to the citizens and thoso visit
ing Columbus, at the
Lowest Market Price.
Not believing it necessary to advertise an
INVENTORY
of their stock, they will merely state that their
assortment of
X.ADXEB DRESS GOODS,
is large and rich. A large variety of printed
Cashmeres and DeLnincs, rich Hroche and Tcr
kcre Shawls. Ladies Walking Shoes, Slippers,
and Gaiters, every pair made to order, and we
warrant them! f
A Full stock of Negro Blankets, (weighing 6
lbs per pair) brown and bleached Goods, Hats,
Caps and Shoes.
Remember— Wc will not be
undersold.
TERRY St GOULDING.
November 9, 1847, 4(j—tf
THU UNION OF THR STATES, AND TlfnuoY'iJ&EiaSTY OF TIIE STATES.
COLUMBUS, GA. TUESDAY, DECEMBER 28, 1847.
I PANTALOONS.
| Blue, black and fancy col’d Cloth and Csr Pants;
Diagonal “ “ “ .< <1
Beaver, Tweeds and Glasgow Jeans
VESTS.
Black Silk Velvet Vests ;
“ figured Silk Velvet Vests ;
Woollen Velvet <<
Plain and figured Satin “
Cloth, Cass Cashmerette and Toilnett Vests.
MERCANTILE.
ifiS OFF AT COST!
THE Subscribers having fully determined
upon closing their business by the first of
March next, offer their entire stock of
■*’
at Wholesale and Retail, at COST for CASH.
Their stock will positively be disposed of as
above stated, and all they ask is a call, in order
to satisfy the community that this is no humbug.
IVES & BROTHER,
One door above Wade & Middlehrook’s Saddlery
Warehouse.
Nov. 23, 1847. 48—ts
SELLING OFF AT COST!
GEO. W. WOODRUFF.
T f AVING made arrangements to change bis
business on the first of January next, oi
lers his ENTIRE stock of Goods, )
At cost for cash.
His stock at present is large and new, having
been mostly bought during the past summer at
very reduced prices. Persons wishing to supply
themselves with
STAPLE OR FANCY DRY GOODS,
will find it decidedly to thuir advantage to give
him a call before making their purchases, as lie
is determined to close out his stock at the earli
est possible date.
A large and handsome stock of Carpeting*,
Rugs, Kerseys, Blankets, Shoes, Hats, Caps,
bleached and brown Domestics, Flannels, Cassi
mers, Cloths, Satinets, Vestings, Prints, Cash
meres, Silks, &c. &c. at pr ices herd ofore unknown
in this city.
Columbus, Nov. 2, 1847. 45—ts
W. J. RIOGILL,
( FormerU y of Enfaula. A/a.)
HAS taken the Store two doors below Hall
& Moses, where lie will keep at ail times,
a well selected stock of
STAPLE DRY GOODS,
AND
GROCERIES.
HOOTS, SHOES, 81 ATS, SAS>-
iuLsistr, etc. Ac.
Also, a large and well (selected stock of
Negro Goods, Blankets, &c.
All ofwhich, he offers at the lowest possible pri
ces.
He will also give liberal prices for COTTON
and COUNTRY PRODUCE.
He hopes that his old friends and the public
generally, will call and examine his stock be
fore purchasing elsewhere.
Coiumhus, November 23, 1547. 48—ts
[EFREMOVA L.. 0
AND
Fane y_G nods.
MRS. BARDWELL,
HAS the pleasure of informing her friends,
and customers, that she has just returned
from New York, and has opened at her new resi
dence, on Broad Street, next above Col. Bank's
Brick range, and opposite Capt Barrows, anew
and elegant assortment of
MILLINERY and FANCY
CiOOOS,
carefully selected by herself.
Among them are
RICH DRESS SILKS, BONNETS
of latest Parisian style, Visites,
French Cans, Laces, Artificial Flowers,
Ribbons, Ac. Ac.
All of which, she will he happy to exhibit to
the ladies of Columbus, and vicinity.
Oct. 19, 1847. 43-ts
dct removal’
HENRY Ks 6 * SON,
HAVE removed to the stoic recently occu
pied by A. K. Ayer, a few doors above the
Bank of St. Marys, near the Post Office, where
they oiler for sale a good stock of
C83.Q2 aacgftrna.r a-rinsyjaq
AND
DOMESTIC DRY-GOODS,
consisting in part of the following articles :
Brown and Loaf Sugar, Young Hyson, Impe
rial, and Black Tea, Rio Coffee, Sperm Candles,
Soap, Poland Starch, Window Glass, White and
Bar Lead, Powder, Shot, Nails, Rectified and
Monongahela Whiskey, Rum, Gin, Brandy ; Ma
deira, Tenneriffc, Malaga and Port Wine.
Bleach and unbleached Sheeting and Shirting,
Prints, Kerseys, Blankets, Hats, Shoos, &c. &c.
low for cash, or approved paper.
Columbus, Oct. 5, 1847. 41—ts
FRENCH QUADRILLES
ANEW urtiele for Ladies Dresses, just re
ceived and for sale at
WOODRUFF & WHTTEDSEY’S.
Novotnber2, 1847. -w—ts
POPULAR TRADE.
df © © © H
BROKAW A CLEMONS
A RE flow receiving n very extensive stock
XX of STAPLE AND FANCY DRY GOODS,
suited to the Fall aud Winter Trade. Among
which may be fouud a splendid assortment oi
fancy, colored and plain Silks, colored and black
Alpacas, Cashmeres, Bombazines, Mouselin# dc
Laines, Ginghams, Prints, Crape, Broche, silk
and woollen Shawls, Broadcloths, Cassimeres,
Vestings, Satinets, Georgia Plains, Blankets, &c.
&c.,to the favorable consideration of which the
attention of buyers is respectfully solicited.
To our customers at a distance, we would sav
that our assortment now affords facilities for ma
king selections of almost every kind of Dry Goods
rarely met with in this section.
N. B. We beg ku tft? to assure Wr friends and
customers that wc shall not allow onrselves to be
undersold by ctny house in the regular trade in this j
city. BROKAW & CLEMONS.
November 2, 1847. 45—2 m
WOODRUFF & WHITTELSEY.
HATE just received from New York an ad
dition to their stock of
among which may be found Wide Black Gro de
Rhine, Silk, forVisittes, Cishmere Shawls,Cash
meres, Muslin de Laines, Orleans and Columbia
Plaids, and Fine Silk Hals. Shoes, &c., &c.
W. & W. will sell all theirstock of Cashmeres
and Muslin de Laines, at from
Ten to Fist, per cent, below New
York l ost, fr Cash.
Now is the time, Ladies, to buy Dresses cheap.
Please call and examine for yourselves.
December 14, 1847. ’ 51—ts
MEW BOOK STO3E.
B. B. cR IFTErSKIED,
IS pleased to announce to the citizens of
Columbus and vicinity, that he has just open
ed a Store next door below Winter & Epping’s,
where he has on hand, and will he deceiving, a
New and select assortment of
BOOKS ASO STtTJOAEBY ;
among which may found School, Classical, Med
ical Law and. Miscellaneous Works; a good as
sortment of ANNUALS and GIFT BOOKS; to
gether with Sunday School and Children’s Books
ofaimost any kind and quality.
Numerous kinds of ENVELOPES; Fancy and
Note Paper; Printing; Visiting and Playing
CARDS : Bristol and Perforated Boards; Trans
parent and Motto Wafers; and all other articles
usually kept in a Book Store.
SkJ*Teachers and persons wanting Libraries,
are invited to call and examine.
Columbus, Dec. 21, 1847 . 52 3rn
CCPPEII, TSN AND SI3S3 ft.T
IRON M A N UFACTOUY.
RBIttOVAV..
T’ HE subscribers have remove! tlu ir Lffab
lishment to the store opposite Kivlin & Mc-
Arthur’s, and still continue to carry on their bu
siness in all its branches. COPPER or TIN
GUTTERS put up at short notice. STEAM
BOAT WORK done with despatch.
Thankful for past patronage, they hope, by
their exertions to please, to merit a continence
of the same. Cali and try them, before purchas
ing elsewhere. J. B. HICKS, & Cos.
Columbus, I) 14, 1847c.e. 51—-ts
NEW STORE AND NEW GOODS.
THE suhscrihor lms removed from liis Old
Stand, to the corner above, well known as
the Iltlßgcrford Coiner, and is filling
it with GOODS selected in New York, by W.
Foster, whose experience in the business mid
taste in purchasing, is too well known in this
community to need a word here.
My stock consists in Watches, Clocks, Jewel
ry, Plated Ware, Britannia Ware, Lamps, Gi
randolles, and Fancy Goods in great variety, to
particularize would be both tedious and expen
sive, (for these Printers don’t work for nothing,)
but all will call (not all at once) and examine for
themselves, we hazard the opinion that the Cor
ner Store can’t he beat in- low prices and fine
Goods, and if the assortment is not as extensive
as any that was ever brought here, it is some /
.torso W Stiff is at his post, ready to re
pair Watches, Clocks, Music Boxes, Jewelry,
&c., in the best manner, and to do up ENGRA
VING a little better than any body this side of
any whore.
I expect to receive an assortment of Musical
Instruments, &c., in a few days of which more
anon.
ftCr* any one should clianco to find our door
shut, remember it is closed to keep out cold air
and not customers, and push the door open and
walk in without knocking.
S. B. PURPLE.
December 21, 1847. £2 ts
fg WATCHES,
f J tiiicl FRENCH
Fancy articles
I 1 HE undersigned, successor to If. E. Dibble,
- has just returned from New York, and is
now opening, 2 doors below Messrs. Winter &
Kpping’s Drug Store, as large an assortmeut of
Gold aud Silver Goods, as were ever offered in
this city, consisting, in part, as follows:
Flue Gold and Silver Lever, Anclinr,
Leplne and Vlrge Escapement Watches,
from the most celebrated Manufactories, WAR
RENTED to keep good time.
Real Diamond and rich Jewelry, ofgreat varie
ty, embracing the newest fashions ; Cameo and
Coral Broaches, Cameo Bracelets, gold Minia
ture Settings and Lockets, ofevery size and pat
tern ; gold x.’ and Scales,
Pen and Pencils ; Kniwazl,
Forks ; Tea and Table SpoonSjsilver Cups, gold
and silver Thimbles, Spectacles, &c. Together
with a good assortment of
American nd French Clocks,
Irom $2 to $75 !
French Toys, recently imported ; Steel Goods;
Shell,lvory and Buffalo COMBS; Tablets, &.o.
together with a variety of other Goods—all of
which will be offered at prices LOWER than
have heretofore been asked, in this city.
The public are invited to call and examine this
new and inviting stock, before purchasing clsc
were. *
OCy Tho valuable services of Mr. WM. B.
MOORE are secured, in the REPAIRING de
partment. All Repairing it Clocks und Watch
es WARRENTED, or no charge.
Engraving neatly executed.
A. li. DEWITT.
Columbus, Ga. Dec. If, 1847. 51—3 m
$25 REWARD.
STRAYED or Ktulrn from the Stable of the
Subscriber, on Wednesday night, tho loth
inst., a Gray MARE, about 6 years old, and 15
hands 3 inches high. She is very much flea bit
ten, has a long tail, and was shod before,only the
day before she was stolen.
The above reward will be given for the appre
hension and proof to convict tho thief. $lO for
the delivery of the Mare, or §5 for information
so that she may be got.
SEABORN JONES.
December 21, 1847. —if
REPORT OF TIIK SECRETARY OF
WAI, •
Believing that every thihgthat relates to the
prpgposed action of the Government in reference
to the absorbing topic of the War, will prove
interesting to our readers, We make the following
extiacts from the report of Mr. Marcv. After
givihg a rapid history of the operations of the
srmj in the field, referring to the brilliant
achievements of our arms, anJ doing full jus
tice to the gallantry and skill of our officers, and
the steady valor and discipline of oar troops, the
report’comes to treat of the mode of carrying on
future operations. It is from this part of the re
port that wo copy, and it will amply repay pe
rusal :
“ Our career of success so disastrous to Mexi
co ; pur conquest of .o many f her States and
territories ; the subjugation and occupation of her
capital; the defeat and dispersion of her armies;
j the capture of most of her materiel of war, and
tlio annihilation of her foreign commerce, have
not yet brought peace, or the uff.tr of such terms
as could 1 e accepted by the United States with
out national degradation. The war still contin
ues; and it is proper to present some suggestions
in legard toils further prosecution. In making
these si.ggestions, 1 puss, without remark, the
proposition that we should abandon all our ac
quisitions, and withdraw our troops from the en
emy’s country. Such a proposition could"only
be seriously entertained if we were in reality the
vanquished party, and were convinced of our
inability to prolong the contest with reasonable
hope of success.
Our further operations must, in my opinion,he
conducted in one of the three following modes:
first, to take and hold an indemnity line; to re
cede from all places aud positions now occupied
in advance of it, and from all aggressive
o;ierations beyond that hoe ; second, to overrun
the whole country, and hold all the principal
pieces in it by permanent garrisons; and ,lhird,
to retain what we now possess, open the lines ol
communication into the interior, and extend our
operations to other important places, as our
means and the prospect of advantages shall in
dicate—keeping a disposable forco always ready,
i within approachable limits, to annoy he enemy,
to seize supplies, enforce contributions, and frus
trate his efforts to collect means and assemble
troops for the purpose of protracting the war.
A full discussion of the comparative merits ol
these modes of conducting our military opera
tions would extend this communication to an un
warrantable length ; I shull, therefore, confine
my remark* to a few prominent considerations
relative to each.
With reference to a speedy peace, with proper
indemnity and security—the only,object of the
war —the line poliev is regarded as objectionable.
It our present position cannot command accept
able terms of pacification from Mexico, retiring
to an indemnity line would certainly fail to pro
duce such a result; it would weaken the induce
ments of the enemy to put an end to hostilities.
Restored, by our voluntary surrender, to the pos
session of his capital and important departments,
and relieved from the pressure of our arms, and
from all apprehensions of lurther conquest and
annoyance, beyond the limits we might select,
he would be left with more abundant resources
than he now possesses to prepare, at leisure
ii; security, to strike- mx.ptiecxi.vo blow with con
centrated forces at our detached posts. To hold
these posts safely, to retain possession of the
seaports we now have, (if that should fall with
in the policy,) anti to prevent incursions into the
territories which we might choose to appropriate
to ourselves, would, in my opinion, requite a force
as large as would suffice to maintain what we now
occupy, and to ca-ry our operations still lurther
in the interior of the enemy’s country,and make
him feel the calamities ol war i:i a way best cal
culated to induce him to seek lor peace. But it
in this I ant mistaken, aud the line-policy should
enable us to reduce the number of our troops,
still, it will not, as 1 conceive, thereby effect a
reduction of our actual expenditures for the war.
In consequence of the interruption of inter
course between the seaports in our possession,
ar.d the central parts of Mexico, the collections
on imports have hitherto been inconsiderable.—
If the line policy is adopted, this intercourse will
continue to bo interrupted, and, consequently,
the receipts of revenue from this source will be
small.
Under the operation of the line-policy, all ex
pectation of lessening the burden of sustaining
our troops, by deriving supplies and contributions
Irom the enemy, would be disappointed. The
supplies in the vicinity of our troops would be
withdrawn frum our reach, as soon ns our design
to seize and appropriate them was ascertained or
suspected. But, were it otherwise, as our posts
would be remote from the wealth arid resources
us the country, the umount which could he ob
tained would he inconsiderable.
So far from deriving advantage from the line
poiicy, bv way of obtaining assistance fiom the
resources of the enemy, towards the support of
our tiuop-, we should, i apprehend, confer upon
a portion of the people of Mexico a direct bene
fit, by opening to them at onr posts, a market, in
which we should become the purchasers of their
products at an exorbitant pi ice. These consid
erations, without bringing into view others, have
led me to look to one of the other modes of op
eration I have mentioned, as preferable to that of
occupying an indemnity line.
In regard to the second mode suggested—that
of occupying the whole country—the wide ex
tent of territory embraced in the Mexican repub
lic, the many important points to be garrisoned,
and the long lines of communication to be kept
open, present difficulties of no ordinary magni
tude, if our occupancy is to lie of such a char
acter as to supersede tho Mexican authority, and
require the temporary establishment of civil gov
ernment. In carrying this plan into effect, it
would not he rcsojiabte to rely upon the favora
ble disposition, or even neutrality, of any con
siderable part ofthe Mexican people, until some
assurance of the stability of our power was de
rived from its continuance. Our posts must
therefore be strong, and our forces numerous, in
order to secure the many and long lines of com
munication, to disperse and chastise the guerilla
bands which would obstruct them, and to sup
press the more powerful uprisings of the people
wherever they may be attempted. I cannot sale
ly estimate the foree requisite to carry into full
effect this plan, at less than seventy thousand
men. To insure the presence of that number in
the enemy’s country, and at place* whom they
would he wanted, it would he necessary to raise
a much larger force. The great expense of rais
ing, organizing, and sending to their remote des
tination so large a body of troops as soon as
needed to give effect to this plan, would, I appre
hend, bring a very heavy, and perhaps embar
rassing demand upon the treasury.
The third mode presented is, in my judgment!
preferable to others. Beyond certain limits, i,
admits of expansion and contraction; hut, as a
fixed condition, all now held is to lie retained,
and no pail surrendered, but in compliance with
treaty stipulations. This plan also contemplates
further acquisition extending to other important
points, ntoro or less numerous, as circumstances
may warrant.
Notwithstanding our victories have fallen with
crushing weight upon the assembled armies of
Mexico, most of those who hold in their hands
the decision of the question of peace, have stood
beyond the range of the physical evils inflicted
by the war. By extending the theatre of it, and
changing the mode of conducting it, they cun he.
made to feel its pressure. In consequence ol our
liberal and humane policy, we have, as yet,
scarcely touched the wealthy and influential
NUMBER 1.
class of Mexico. As the Mexican nrmy has
long been to them the instrument of oppression
m tho bauds of their successive i tilers, its de
struction has not deeply enlisted their sympathies,
or alarmed their fears. Our army has afforded
them better protection than their own ; and thus,
by our presence and our forbearance, they have,
within certain limits, hitherto escaped exactions
from cither. But our successes have now open
ed the way to act upon and influence those who
probably can, if they will, put an end to hostili
ties. By making them sutler the usual calamities
ol war, they must bo made to desire peace.
In addition to the troops required to garrison
places to lie retained, itis proposed to have in the
field a competent forco for aggressive operations
—to strike the enemy whenever he may present
a vulnerable point; to open avenues from the
ports in cur possession into the enemy’s country,
and to cover and subject to our control some of
biaxich mining districts and productive agricul
tural regions. It is not deemed proper to point
out in more detail the movements and objects
contemplated in the further prosecution of the
war upon this plan.
I proceed to present my views in relation to
the troops considered necessary for this purpose.
The twenty-fire regiments of the regular army,
as distinguished from the volunteer force, when
fijlod up to the limit fixed by law, would be
twenty-eight thousand eight hundred and four
teen, exclusive of officers; but the actual strength
as noar as can lie ascertained, is now twenty-one
thousand five hundred and thirty-three; it will
therefore require seven thousand three hundred
and eighty-oue enlisted men to complete the
regular military establishment.
During the last year, the recruitiry service for
the regular army has been attended with consid
erable success. The recruits enlisted for the fif
teen old regiments amount to eleven thousand
and eigty-oiie, and those for the ten regiments
raised under the act of the last session of Con
gress are eleven thousand one hundred and six
ty-two.
By the operations Os the recruiting seiviee, it
is believed that the present strength of >ho regu
lar regiments will he fully sustained and probably
increased.
The accompanying tables from the Adjutant
General’s office show that there are now in ser
vice, engaged for the war,twenty-three regiments
of volunteers, seven hatallions, and thirty-three
companies not organized into regiments or ha
tallions ; but the rank and file of all these do not
probably exceed twenty thousand men. Most
of the volunteer forces have borne ft conspicuous
part in the present arduous campaign, and par
ticularly in the scries of severe conflicts with the
enemy. The casualties of the /service have,
therefore, lallen heavily upon them. ’They have
become considerably reduced. To give those
serving tor the war their complete organization,
will require about twelve thousand five hundred
men.
Attempts have been made, under the act pass
ed at the last session of Congress, to engage vol
unteers to fill up the companies in service, and
officers have been detached from their commands
tor that purpose. These effi r's ha'-e not been
successful; only eight hundred anil twenty-one
have been procured. One of the disadvantages
attending these attempts has been want of au
thority to place them on the same footing in re
spect to compensation as recruits for the regular
army. A.s the volunteers engage for the cams
otto nvxtie recrtnTS totTTnrren regiments, there
can be no reason for not holding out to them the
same inducements to eater the public service.—
It is, therefore, respectfully recommended that
Congress be asked to authorize a like bounty to
volunteer recruits.
I hlho suggest that those raised ifi. the same
State be consolidated temporarily,and the super
numerary officers sent homo to obtain recruits
for their respective companies. Should this at
tempt prove unsuccessful,then I recommend that
the consolidation he made permanent, and that
entire companies of volunteers he accepted, to
take the place ol the vacancies in regiments and
hatallions which may he occasioned by the con
solidation.
The forces nmv in service, augmented bv re
cruits to the extent which it is reasonable to ex
pect.wil! not, in my opinion he sufficient for our
contemplated military operations. I therefore
sulnni’ for your consideration aud approval the
proposition to raise ten additional regiments of
regular force for the war. It is important that
authority should he given for this purpose at an
early period in the approaching session of Con
gress. A delay even of a tew months, would ne
very injurious fts it would give time to the en
emy to reorganize his rh iitcred li rc sand reciuit
his exhausted strength. B ruch authority be at
once given the new regiments might he raised
and sent to the seat of war in season to pans the
unhealthy district along the coast of tire Gulf Ire
lore the return oftlic epidemic and to participate
in the next campaign.lt is desirable that Congress
should he impressed with the importance of pro
viding at once for this increase of our troops.
The increase ofthe regular force to the pro
posed extent is much preferred to a lurther coll
lor volunteers —not however because tile former
are preferable to the latter for courage endurance
or gallant deeds of daring, for in these high attri
butes the regular troops and the volunteers have
been alike eminently distinguisrd and haTc, on
every trying occasion nolry contended lor ex
cellence but judging from past experience it is
believed that in this way tiic army can he more
expeditiously reinforced, and the regiments more
effectively recruited and kept up ami in some res
pects better adapted to lira services likely to he
required of them.
The exigencies of the war may require a lar
ger force than can bo brought into the field in
cluding the proposed new regiments. It is there
fore urged that authority should also be given to
accept the services of more voluntcr rc It should
not he restricted to a number less than 20,000
With the increase of our present force by the 10
now regiments it iR not probable that there will
be occasion to exercise this authority yet an emer
gency may arise when a resort to it would be of
great importance to the public interest.
The department has presented eslimitcs for
considerable dcficiences in some of tiro war ap
propriations for the current fircalyear. Provision
was made in these appropriations lor continuing
in service, besides the regular troops, 10,000 vol
unteers; but it was subsequently deemed impor
tant greatly to augment this volunteer force—
The excess of volunteers called out beyond that
number is over fifteen thousand for which no
appropriation was made. The expenses of ot
ganizing and transporting them to the seat cf war
together with ts eir pay subsistence and allow
ance for clothing have produced a considerable
part of these deficiencies. Tho unforscen and
extraordinary rise in the price of articles of sub
sistence has also caus'd a much larger expendi
ture in the Comini sary’s Depat men t than was
expected when the estimates for subsistence were
presented to the last Congress. The largest amount
of disbursements has been in the Quarlermaster’s
Department. For a statement of this amount
as well as tho necessity for it, I respectfully refe r
to the report us the Quartermaster General.
The duties of that branch of the public service
are numerous and difficult at ail tune* in war
—'and particularly in a foreign war carried on
at a great distance from our ordinary sources of
supplies—the duties are vastly multiplied and coin
pirated. The diffi ulties under which that de
partment has labored from tbe commencement of
the war, suddenly called on, as it then was in an
unprepared slate, to provide for several armies
destined for different and distant fields of actioD
and subsequently in fitting out the important ex
pedition against Vera Cruz, and procuringtrans
portation l>v sea and land in our wide spread
operations, and the manner in which these diffi
culties have been met and overcome, often un-
I (hr the most untoward circumstances arc well
Asa measure Sir reducing expenses in on* im
portant branch of duties of the Quartermaster’!*
Department, and at the same time giving it great
efficiency. I invite specie! attention to his recom
mendation in regard to the mods of employing
Ua ms tors, mecheuies, snsl other laborers. Thesd
amount to several thousand.-; and the difficulty
of procuring them in sufficient numbers, and
retaining, them in service at places were they aro
wanted, has forced upon thal department tho
necessity of paying extravagant wages, and itt
othor respects incurring large ixpenses which
might to a considerable extent he avoided in tho
unit ner suggested.
If authority were given to enlist the men requir
ed itt the Quartermsiter’s Department, with, all
tlnv advantages to which ttoeps of tho line ateen-
Ittled, arid subject to similar obligations, die pub
lic expenses oh this account would be much di
minished, and the Quartermaster's Department
relieved to a considerable extent, from a serious
embarrassment.
In the estimates &r the next fiscal’ year, de
ductions have not been made for the contribu-
tions which may be collected at the Mexican
ports, or levied in the interior of the country,not
for the supplies which may be there obtained.
Fmm theso sources it h* reasonable to expect
such assistance as Will lighten the burdens ol the
war ; but there me no means nf estimating thw
amount which the enemy can he forced to con
tribute towards defraying ear expenses, or in this
way ol lurnishing . our troops with supplies.
The orders and instructions issued to the officer*
of tho army to levy contributions nt the Mexican
ports garrisoned by our troops, are hereto annex
ed. The total amount received by the officer*
ofthe army, as exhibited by Ihe returns, is £ .
Os this sum, $ — have been paid over to the dis
bursing officers oftho army and navy, (see table
annexed to the orders respecting military contri
butions.)
Though our forces have occupied the princi
pal Mexican ports on the Gulf) the trade with
them has been inconsiderable, because the intvw
duction ol merchandise into the country has been
almost entirely obstructed. The guerilla bands ;
have had possesion of the avenues leading into
interior, and ail articles, wherever found,
which have passed through prorts in our occu
pation, have been regarded, (and I believe, by
tire express* order of the Mexican Govern
ment) as plunder. Avery different state of
things in this respect will, it is believed, hereaf
ter exist, as the difficuljics of bringing import*
within the reach of consumers will be removed.
In that event, the collections at them port* will
be vastly augmented.
i he business of collecting the contribution*
has been ncccssrily devolved on military officers.
J Ills duty has been performed at unhealthy pla
ces, where a destroying epidemic prevails during
many months of the year. It seems to he but
just that those thus umployed and thus exposed
should reeeivo additional compensation ; but, un
der the restriction of existing laws, there ii no
authority’ to sanction thefr claim to an extra al
lowance. I respectfully recommend that Con
gress should be asked to allow to officer* engaged
at the Mexican ports in collecting contributions,
a per centage an the sum* received, and that au
thority should be given to regulate the number
anJ determind the pay of several persona em
ployed in this business, There is no official in
formation in this department showing the amount
of revenue or contributions which has beon le
vied at the ports in our occupancy on the Pa
cific; but it is understood that collections have
there been made, and the amount applied towards
t e support of tie civil goyernmen cstalli. hed in
California.
The despatch of Col Mason; to which I have
before alluded, refers to tbe unsettled claim* in
that country against the United States, and re
commend* that immediate measure* should be
taken to ascertain the amount of such as are welt
founded, and that provision be made for immedi
ate payment, i liese claims are principally for
property of various descriptions furnished to, or
taken by, our force*, in the course ofthe military
operations in that country. Tbs Jchry to pay
them has already produced much dissatisfaction/
*nd is prejudicial to the interest* et the United
States. Some ofthe officer* engaged in thiadi*-
tant service havo become personalty responsible
for debts contracted for the use and in the service
of the United States ; it is also due to them that
provision should he made for paving these debt*.
The resolution of the 3d of March last, pro
vidiug for the payment of expense* incurred by
States and individuals in organizing, subsisting,
and transporting volunteers previous to their be
ing mustered and received into the service of the
United States had reference to such troops only
as had been mustered before that period Like
claims of a subsequent date have been presented
which could not be paid for want of authority.-
t recommend that Congress be asked to provide
by law for the adjustment of these claims by tho
accounting officers.
I also recommend that provision be made for
the payment of a regiment of volunteers from Tex
as, which entered the service in February last, in
compliance with a call by the commanding offi
cer at Camargo, under whnt he deemed to be a
pressing emergency. The regiment, after being
mustered, proceeded to the Kio Grand*, where it
was discharged, pursuant to art order of Major
General Jay lor. As this call was made without
authority from either this department or the com
manding general, an appropriation will lie neces
sary to pay tho volunteers lor the time they wera
in service.
I respectfully repeat the recommendation in
mv last annual report, on the subject of clothing
in kind for volunteers, in lieu of the money which
is at present paid to them as a commutation.—
I he experience of the past year has shown the
necessity for this change. The clothing provi
ded by the volunteers themselves, both in kind
and quality, is generally unsuited to the service,
and often proves to be deficient in quantity.—
Serving in an enemy’s country ; and at a dis
tance from the ordinary sources of supply, it can
seldom be replaced when lost or worn out, and
always at an exorbitant price.’ Much of the suf
fering which has been experienced by these troop*
may be attributed to the want of proper clothing
ff authority were given to supply the volunteers
in the manner provided for the regular t.roo(g, it
is believed they would be better clothed and at
less cost to themselves and to the government,
than by the | resent mode. Itis understood
Fiat if suih prov s on is made, the arrangement*
of the Quartermaster’s Department are such in
relation to providing clothing, that it can readily
furnish a supply to the volunteers.
I also repeat the recommendations in. my Inst
report in regard to a rotired list of officers oftho
armv, who bv age or infiimitiea, have becomo
unable to perforin active duties. The experience
of the past year has added force to the consider
ations in favor of such a measure. For the de
tails of the plan, as wella for reasons in favor of
it, I invite your attention to the report of the Ad
jutant General.
Coxditiox or THE Fhke Biacxs I* No*.
THKBjr Cities— The Philadelphia Bulletin
makes the following statement ,
During the month of November the Coroner
held 41 inquest and 22 views, in all 66, and be
ing an average of over two a day! Moat ofthese
were in tho wretched hovels of Moyamensing,
occupied by the degraded blacks who have died
of disease generated by the squalid mode of life
from the want of medical attention aud proper
nourishment, and from intemp ranee, exposure
and neglect.
1 his is the condition of comfort and heppines*
to which the fanatical philanthropist of the North
would olevate the Black* of the Southern
States!
Maoxifickxt Swaßus— The celebrated
manufacturers, Bsily & Cos., jeweler*, Philadel
phia, have just finished three magnificent sword*
lor that mother of heroes— Kentucky and in
tended as jewled tributes of reward to three of
her own brightest jewels, Major Gen. Zachary
Taylor, Major Gen. William O. Butler, and
Major N. P. Barbour. The latter distinguished
officer having gloriously fallen at Ihe atorming of
Monterey, bis widow receives lb* gilt of merit
her gallant husband so gloriously won.
The Yellow Fever and black vomit wer* ra
ging fatally at Siena Leone and along th coMt
in October.