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COLUMBUS, GA.
TUESDAY, DECEMBER 28, 1847.
DEMOCRATIC NOMINATIONS
FOR SHERIFF,
DAVENPORT P. ELLIS.
DEPUTIES.
JOHN M. BETHCJNE,
JAS. S. WALKER,
ROSWELL ELLIS.
FOR CLERK OF THE SITFKHIOR COURT,
THADDEUS S. STURGIS.
FOR CLERK OF TIIK INFERIOR COURT,
ROBERT G. MITCHELL.
FOR TAX RF.CSITKR,
J. C. W. ROGERS.
FOR TAX COLLECTOR,
TIIEOBOLD HOWARD.
FOR CORONER,
J. B. HICKS.
Mr. Shivers’ School will be resumed on Iho
2d Monday in January next. Terms as hereto
fore.
C’ottox —Price G a cents. Demand good
and receipts of the week light.
TIIK MEXICAN QUESTION IN CON
GRESS.
This question is destined to lie the theme of
able, excited, and we fear, interminable d’ bate
in Congress. Senators and members are already
beginning to show thetr hands and embody their
views in the form of resolutions.
The Democratic party, so far as we hear, ad
heres to the views put forth in the President’s
Message, a papcrAhat has met with the warm
and general approbation of the true friends of the
■country everywhere.
In the Senate, Mr. Calhonn, and in the House,
Mr. Holmes of South Carolina, have introduced
resolutions bearing on the question. Mr. Cal
houn’s arc brief, but not explicit, except to the
fact, that he does not still insist upon his famous
•“line policy.”
They arc as follows :
Resolved, That to conquer Mexico and to hold
it, cither as a province, or to incorporate it into
the Union, would be inconsistent with the a
vowed object for which the war has been prose
cuted —a departure from the settled policy of the
government —in conflict with its character and
genius—and, in the end, subversive of our free
and popular institutions.
Resolved, That no line of policy in the further
prosecution of the war should be adopted which
may tend to consequences so disastrous.
If Mr. Calhoun had offered a resolution to the
effect that “war is a great national calamity and
moral evil, and that therefore no line of policy
should he adopted which would tend to produce
its disastrous consequences,” he would have ut
tered a truism not more immediately commanding
the common consent of mankind, than he has
Jon. in hi* two short resolutions. But nubono,
the truism at this time? Suppose it be an evil
to conquer Mexico, to govern Mexico as a prov
ince, or incorporate it into the Uniu<i! What
then 1 As an original question, the whole coun.
try would agree with Mr. Calhoun. Were we
at peace with Mexico, were we not in the midst
of a war of her own provocation, had wc not in
the course of that war, conquered and annihila
ted her armies, overrun her territory, and ex
pended millions of money and thousands of lives,
no sune mau would refuse his assent to Mr. Cal
houn’s generalising. But war, the obstinacy of
the enemy, the expenditure of treasure, the effu
sion of blood, arc all new elements which go
not only to neutralize but to upheave the oiigi
nality of these propositions. And doctrines
which three years ago wculd have challenged
universal consent, are, in the new posture of af
fairs, nothing short of downright backing out
from the contest, an acknowledgement that thi s
country is in the wronc, and that our brave
troops, instead of reaping the laurels of g'orious
renown, as the country has fondly believed; arc
but the blood-stained instruments of a guilty, am
bitious, and tyrannical Government.
Nobody wanted Mexican territory originally ;
acquisition now is necessary to the honor, and
demanded by the justice of thcAmerican Govern
ment. We shall be the scorn and contempt of
Christendom if wc close this war as we began it,
without “ indemnity for the past and security
for the future,” and with nothing hut bloody and
barren victories for its fruits. Wc shall he held,
as brave soldiers in the field, but contemptibly
weak and impotent in council; hs knowing how
to striko for rcvetTge, but as pusillanimous and
puerile in our uses of victory.
We take, then, Mr. Calhoun's plan to he an
abandonment of the wa- without indemnity—a
back out without satisfaction—a real and genu
ine triumph of Mexico over our feebleness of
purpose, and a shameful defeat to the policy of
thcAmerican Government.
We cannot back out without dishonor, and to
go forward does not involve the fearful end which
Mr. Calhoun apprehends of “ subverting our po
litical institutions.” If our “ political institu
tions” are of such a character that to preserve Ihcm,
xve must submit tonationa! disgrace, and become’
the objects of scorn and contempt to all the world,
wo for one, do not think them worth preserving
at that cost. If to widen the area of our “ free
and popular institutions” is to destroy them, wc"’
have very much mistaken the genius of our Gov
ernment, and our own Democratic principles.
Experience has shown that twenty-six Slates’
are as easily and happily governed by our Re
publican system, as the “ old thirteen” original
ly were. Wu believe the number might be in
creased to fifty, and the same principles of good
Government, acted on by the same intelligent and
self-interested and self-governed constituency,
would produce the same harmonious effects of
peace, order, regularity, prosperity and mighty
power, which are now exhibited in the workings
of our system.
We are not afraid of too much Republican
territory and too many Republican people. The
•• area of freedom” can never he too broad for us,
nor tbo sun shine on too many of tho human
rsce, living under our “ free and popular insti
tutions,” And * for tho corrupting influence*”
of that portion of tlie Mexican population which
would be embraced in any lino of indemnity, we
hold it as great a bugbear as that other one which
so alarms some of our good pcop'e—to-wit: that
this country is in duuger of Popery, from the
great Gstbolic emigration to it. We toll these
people that the Pemocretic principles of tho un
gjo- American race, are as case from ami proof
sgninst the political domination of the Pope and
the demorilization of Mexican propinquity, r
the sun is from tho arrow of r schoolboy. There
is more likelihood that Pope Pius IX. will turn
an out ami out I.ocofoco, than that the children
of hie Church will ever strangle freedom on this
continent.
We have the most abiding confidence in, and
the highest hopes of the destinies of this coun’
try. ThisNalion is yet but an infant in strength
and years.
A young Hercules in tho cradle, when
she grows to manhood and -wings her brawny
arms, depend on it, she will want room and scope
and verge for tho full exercise and development
of her power. When we watch her progress
from tho landing of tho pilgrims on Plymouth
rock, and behold how step by step, she has spread
out her branches until from a small and feeble
settlement, two oceans of a vast continent now
bound her powers ; when we see, how vast and
numerous tribes of races have steadily receded
before her advancing footsteps, and melted away
with their native forests, before the superior en
ergy of the white race; when wesee what free
dom, political and religious, have done for this N
ation, only now a little over half a century old, how
rapid her growth in population, how wonderful
in physical, moral and intellectual development,
how great in arms and how happy and glorious
in peace we hear with scorn the proposition
even from a wise and aged statesman, that this
progress is to be arrested, aye that all this grand
deur is to be converted into ruin, by compelling a
neighboring and hostile power, to indemnify us
in a strip of land for her wrongs and insults to
us. We look upon it, as the absurdity of non
sense. The acquisition of Mexico and the Cali
fornias would not offer the obstacle of a pebble
stone to the onward career which this nation is
destined by every sign on earth and from Heav
en to run. The soil, the climate, the bold and
energetic character of tho race ore these unmis
takcable signs. The Pacific alone can stop us
going westward, and Messrs. Clay and Calhoun,
who, thirty years ago, felt sympathy in, as
they do not now, the bounding impulses of the
heart of this young and go-a-head Nation, will
in vain essay to stay her progress.
The time is coining rapidly, when a genera
tion near at hand can say truly—
“ No pent up Utica coniines our powers,
For the whole boundless continent is ours.”
Tho resolutions of Mr. Holmes are really
hardly worth cofiying. They strike us as feeble
and infelicitous in a remarkable degree. They
propose a mongrel policy of half indemnity in
the way of Treaty privileges, and more than
half back out, holding the Castle of “San Juan”
us a hostage.
The hearty, common-sense resolutions offer
ed by the Senator from New York, Mr. Dicken
son, are far more to the purpose. They are:
Revolved, That true policy requires the govern
ment of United States to strengthen its political
and commercial relations upon this continent by
the annexation of such contiguous territory
as may conduce to tliot end, and can be justly
obtained ; and that neither in such acquisition,
nor in the Territorial orgsnizat.on thereof, can any
conditions be constitutionally imposed, or institu
tions be provided for or established, idcons:sicnt
with the right of the people thereof to form a free
sovereign State with the powers and privileges
of tho origanal members ot the confederacy.
Resolved. That in organizing a Territorial gov
ernment from territory belonging to the U. States,
the principles of self-government upon which
our federative system rests, will r:e best promot
ed, tiro true spirit and meaning of the constitution
best observed, and the confederacy strengtneneo,
by leaving all questions concerning the domes
tic policy therein to tho legislatures chosen by
the people thereof.
The followfng are Mr. Holmes’ resolutions:
Whereas tho Confederacy was formed for the
purpose of astablishing perfect Union and pro
moting the general welfare, it becomes those
who are entrusted with regulating the Govern
ment so to direct its movements as to perfect that
Union and advance that welfare.
And whereas the prosperity, felicity, safety,
and perhaps national existence, are involved in
the invasive war we are now prosecuting against
our sister should lead us to tire adoption of such
measures as may result in doing justice to Mex
ico, and promoting tire lasting welfare of the
United States. Therefore belt.
Resolved, That it is inexpedient for the United
States so to use its conquests as to extinguish the
national existence of Mexico, but so to avail it
self ol the victories it has achieved, as to estab
lish by treaty stipulations a lasting peace with
Mexico upon the basis of an entire free trade be
thc two Republics, such as exists between the
the severei States of this Union.
Resolved, That we agree to re-cede all the ter
ritory we have taken form Mexico beyond to
Rio Grade upon the condition that our citizens
have free ingress and egress into New Mexico
and upper California, the privilege of holding
land and of carrying on trade as fully as any of
the Mexican citizens of those provinces.
Resolved, That a further condition be the right
of entry and departure of our shipping both Na
tional and Domestic, into and from the Mexican
ports as unrestricted as in the ports of the United
Sta cs, with all the rights ot breaking bulk, ta
king in, discharging purchasing and selling of
cargoes, as in our own ports.
Resolved further, That we stipulate for a right
ofconstructing a Railßoad from t.'ie United states
the harbor of San Diego, and to any town in
New Mexico or California.
Resolved, That it is expedient to keep posses
sion ol the Castle of San Juan deUluaas a host
age for the fulfilment of the stipulation above re
cited.
The House then adjourned.
Speaker of the House. —lt appears that
the Washington correspondent of the N. O. Pi
cayune, re-iterates the charge, that Tuck, Pal
frey and Giddings, abolitionists voted against
Winthrop, as a cloak to conceal the fact, that
Southern Whigs have elected a Wilmot Speak
er. The N. O. Bee, is in error in saying that
these three men represent the abolition strength
of the House. We understand their strength to
be full thirty in that body. The Picayune es
tablishment in none of its branches has over
been suspected of leaning to Loco-foco-ism. Tlie
testimony of its correspondent therefore hears
strongly in support of the charge. The “ Delta”
says:
A holitiox Speaker. —“ Truth Teller, ” the
’Washington correspondent ofthe Picayune, char
ges the Southern whigs with having aided in the
election of an Abolition Speaker of the House
,of Representatives. We trust Mr. Truth Teller
is mistaken. We cannot believe that any Sou
thern politicians would be so blind as to be de
ceived by the hollow device referred to. or so
faithless as to ally themselves with the fanatical
party that aims at the overthrow ol the political
and social institutions of the South. We hope
that the whig press ofthe South will investigate
this serious imputation, and clear the skirts ol
their party of any such injurious suspicions.
<< The few abolitionists who voted against Mr.
Winthrop were merely a cloak to conceal the fact
that the Southern whigs have elected an abo'ition
Speaker. The friends ol Mr. Calhonn like it all
the better, as, in proportion as the Wilmot Pro
viso gains strength, a Southern organization will
appear necessary, at the head of which would
naturally stand Mr. Calhoun himself. 1 think
the vcncrablu statesman will be disappointed.”
A large war meeting has been held in Wash
ington city. The meeting was favorable to a
vigorous prosecution of tlie war, and opposed to
the late efforts of Messrs, Clay and Gallatin.
Dreadkci. Accidkxt. — A largo four story
building in Savannah, used lor aloring Rice, fell
to tho ground on the 22d inst. killing Mr. John
Bell, arid a negro, and injuring several others.
Luckily, the accident occurred when the hands,
some 28 in number, were at dinner
The Washington correspondent of the Alba-1
nr Argos writes:
*’ It no longer to be doubted thst a majority
of Democratic members from non-slnveholding
States cotue to Washington determined to vote
against the Wilmot Proviso, it matters not how,
brought before Congress. I have long thought
that this was to be the case, tho’ until now tho
data verifying this impression has been beyond
my reach. 1 hear but few Democratic roem
liera express continued devotion to Mr. Wilmot's
isnr.”
This opinion is in unison with all the infor.
matron we receive from Washington, on this
subject. The Democratic party may congratu
late itself, that it has thus happily fared and
conquered an attempt to interpolate anew and
dangerous principle into its creed. The patrio
tism and firmness, the allegiance to principle
and to country so strongly manifested by the
Democratic party of the North, in this connec
tion is worthy of all praise. Led by such men
as Buchanan and Dallas, the Democracy of the
North have had the courage to face the fanati
cism of their section, and to stand firm in resis
tance to the attacks of Provisoism on the rights
and honor of the South ; and having come out
unscathed from the fiery ordeal, they have bur
ied Wilmot and his crack-brained ism, where no
political resurrection will ever find them.
The Northern Whig party now stands, as
Mr, Webster has said, the true and only Wilmot
Proviso and anti-Slavery party of the country.
The only, did we say ? Alas ! we lear not.—
For, in remarkable conjunction with the devel
opment ol the position of Northern Democracy,
so cheering to the South, we behold with amaze
ment, tho indication of an acquiescence in the
sentiments of Whig anti-Slavery, in the Southern
Whigs.
The vote for the Speaker of the House, rxhib
■ts the startling fact that every Southern Whig
in Congress voted for Winthrop —an uncompro
mising advocate of the Wilmot principle—for
the most important office in the country, in its
influence on the legislation of Congress.
We annex the vote on the third ballot, on
which Mr. Winthrop was elected. We place it
on record for future use.
How often have we been told in the last two
years, that Northern Democrats were no sounder
than Northern Whigs, on this vital question!—
Yet, in the headlong madness of party, events
have now transpired which. lead us to suspect
that Northern Democrats are not only sounder
than Northern Whigs, but they are sounder than
Southern Whigs in Congress 1
Are the people of the South prepared to sus
tain their Representatives who have placed in
the most influential post in the Hall of Legisla
tion, the man who holds it an unchangeable
principle of the North, that no more (slave tei
ritory) shall be acquired, no more Slave States
admitted into this Uninn, and all future acquisi
tions of American territory, bought or conquered
by a common treasure, and by mingled Northern
and Southern blood, shall not be, under any cir
cumstances, open to Southern men with Slav*
property 1 In the following list of votes, the
Southern Whigs are marked in italics ;
THIRD BALLOT.
On the third ballot the whole number of votes
given were 218; necessary to a choice 110:
For Mr. Winthrop, - - - - 110
Mr. Boyd, ----- Os
Mr. McCiernat.d, .... S
Mr. McClelland, - ... 14
Mr. HovvtJl Cobb, - - - - 4
Mr. Wilson, - - - - 2
Mr. Burt, ----- 4
Mr. llhett, - 7
Mr. Woodward, - - - 1
Mr. French, - 1
Mr. Hudson, ----- 1
Mr. Jacob Thompson, ... 1
Mr. I. £. Holmes, - - - , J
218
The following is the vote in detail:
For Mr. Winthrop—Messrs. Abbott, John Q.
Adams, Green Adams, Asiimun, Barringer, Bar
row, Belcher, Blanchard, Bolts, Boyden, Brady,
Buckner, Butler, Cabell, Canby, Chapman,CUng
man, Collamer, Conger, Cranston,Crrslield,Crow
ell, Crozier, Dickey, Dixon, Donnell, Duer, Dan
iel Duncan, Garnett Duncan, Dunn, Eckert, Ed
wards, Embree, Alexander Evans, Nathan Ev
ans, Farelly, Fisher, Flournoy, Freedlev, Fulton.
Gayle, Gentry, Goggm, Gott, Gregory, Grinnell,
Hale, Nathan P. Hail, James G. llampton.Moses
Hampton, Haskell, Henry, Hilliard, Holley,Elias
B. Holmes, Hornbeck, John W. Houston, Hub
bard, Hudson, Hunt, Joseph R. Ingersoll, Irvin,
John W. Jones, Kellogg, Daniel P. King, Wm.T.
Lawrence, Levin, Lincoln, Mciivaine, Marsh,
Marvin, Morchcad, Mullin, Nelson, Nes, Newall,
Outlaw, Pendleton, Pollock, Preston, Putnam,
Reynolds, Julius Rockwell, John A. Rockwell,
Roman, Rose, Root, Rumsey, St. John, Schenck,
Shepherd, Sherrill, Slingerland, Caleb B. Smith,
Truman Smith, Stephens, Andrew Stuart,Strohm,
Sylvester, Tallmadgc, Thibodeaux, Taylor, Rich
ard W. Thompson, John Ij. Thompson, Toombs,
Van Dye, Vinton, Warren, White, Wilson.
For Mr. Bovd—Messrs. Atkinson, Beale, Bird
sail, Black, Bocock, Bowlin, Brodhcad, Charles
Brown, Chase, Beverly L. Clark, W. R. VV. Cobb,
Coll ins, Cummins, Daniel Dickinson, Karan,Feath
erston, Fries, French, Green, Willard P. Hall,
Hammons, Haralson, llenley, Ilill, Inge, Jack
son, Jameson,Kaufman, Kennon,Lahm, La Sere,
Sidney, Lawrence, Lefller, Lumpkin, Maclay,
McClelland, McClcrnand, McDowell, McKay,
Mann, Meade, Miller, Morris, Morse, Murphy,
Nicol, Petrie, Pettitt, Phelps, Rhett, Richardson,
Richey, Robinson, Rockhill, Sawyer, Robert
Smith, Strong, Thomas, Jas. Thompson, Robert
A. Thompson, Venable, Wick, Williams.
For Mr. McClelland—Messrs. Bingham, Cath
cart,Clapp, Jenkins, James H. Johnson, Lord,
Peaslee, Peck, Smart, Starkweather, Charles E.
Stuart, Thurston, Wentu erth, Wilmot.
For Mr. Burt—Messrs. Bayly, Harmanson,Har
ris, Iverson.
For Mr. Rhett—Messrs. Bedinger, William G.
Brown, R. W. Johnson, Simpson, Sims, Stanton,
Jacob Thompson.
F’or Mr. McClernand—Messrs. Boyd, Howell
Cobb, G. S. Houston, G. W. Jones, Ligon, Mc-
Lane, Wm. Thompson, Turner.
For Mr. Howell Cobb—Messrs. Burt, I’. Clark,
Wiley, Woodward.
For Mr. Jacob Thompson—Mr. Edsall.
For Mr. Wilson—Messrs. Tuck and Giddings.
F'or Mr. I. E. Holmes—Mr. C. J. Ingersoll.
For Mr. Woodward—Mr. Andrew Johnson.
For Mr. Hudson —Mr. Palfrey.
For Mr. French —Mr. Peyton.
Latest fhom Mexico. —The Dritish steam
er Teviot, at New-Orlenna, brings accounts from
the city of Mexico as late as the 14th inst.
(reus. Patterson nnd Butler, with their heavy
columns and trains, had reached the city.
(lens. Twiggs and Pierce were to leave the city
soon. The former to toke command at Vera
Crux, the other to report liimaelf at Washington.
Mr. Trist had received hia recall, but his de
parture was deferred, in consequence, it was be
lieved, of the arrival in the Capitat of Mexican
Commissioners, to treat for peace. W’e gather
from the correspondence of the New Orleans pa
pers, that Mr. Trist will bring home with him
the new terms proposed by Mexico, and that ne
gotiations will be enrried on in Havana.
The battles in the “ basin” and the capture of
the city, seem to have paralyzed Mexico, nnd it
is believed that the Government is now earnestly
and seriously desirous of a pence on terms hon
orable to both countries. 80 mote it he.
r Tj‘ The packuge of the “ Times” for Chcnub
hs, Lee county, did not reach its destination
last week, as wo are informed it found its way to
Lumpkin, Stewart county—an office entirely out
of the way, and to which placo it was mis-srnt
by some Postmaster between Macon and Che
nubha. We Imvc taken steps to correct this
irregularity.
I Tax PsTttosi of tbo “ Times” are respect fit!- j
ly reminded thst another year of labor on our
part has rolled round, and the period of cur an
’ nual recompense for it is at band. We do not
, bog as a favor, hot ask sa a right, that our friends
will as promptly comply with their obligations to
us, as we have regularly, and we hope faithfully
fulfilled ours to them. More than ordinary puric.
tuslity will fce demanded this year, to enable us
| to meet the very considerable outlv wc shall have
to make in the enlargement and improvement of
j the “ Times.” We propose to furnish our read*
‘er with an addition of matter in our new form
equal to seven columns of the present paper.—
For this we do not propose to charge a higher
subscription. All we ask is punctuality, at least
once a year, in remitting us our dues.
Cash may he remitted to us for subscriptions
or other dues, by mail, at our risk, the subscriber
only taking care to take the Post Master's receipt
at the office where the letter is deposited.
Christmas. —This ancient and joyous holi
day broke on us this year in thick clouds and chil
ly rain. Still the happy children have eaten
their Christmas plums and fired their noisy crack
ers, while the more staid fathers and mother,
hav* discussed their turkies and plum puddings,
in the midst of bijous and presents, and all
felicitations and good wishes appropriate to the
season.
Our compliments arc heartily extended to the
renders and friends of the “ Times.” Peace,
prosperity, plenty and good consciences be theirs,
and all the budding joys of life bloom frngrantly
and gratefnlly to their minds and senses. One
and a!! a merry Christmas and happy New Year.
We are indebted to Senators, Berrien and
Colquitt, and the Hon. 11. Cobb, for public docu
nrei.ts.
We regret to learn that the Hon. R. L. Gam
iilx, formerly a member of Congress from this
State, died of appoplexy on the 20th inst.
Gen. Quitmas has met with a warm wel
come in Augusta and Charleston. In the form
er place, says the Constitutionalist, he “ paid a
high tribute to the discipline and good conduct
of the Georgia Regiment under the command of
Coi. Jackson.”
The Chronicle & Sextixel. —We have
written some further “ twattle,” as the Editor of
the Chronicle & Sentinel, of Augusta, politely
terms our efforts to cope with his self-sufficiency
in argument, which cannot find a place in our
columns this week.
Hon. E. 8. Dargan has been elected unani
mously Judge of the Supreme Court of Alaba
ma. to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of
Judge Goldthwaite.
Mr. Wihthrof. —The Virginia Chronicle
and Old Dominion says that “ it was Mr. Win
throp who first moved the so-called W'ilmot Pro
viso as an amendment to the Oregon bill, in
February, 1845, before Mr. Wilmot was in Con.
gress.”
Masoxic. —Wo yesterday witnessed, with
much satisfaction, the ceremony of the installa
tion of the new officers of the Lodges of this
city. Itjlook place in the Baptist Church, where
a highly'respectable audience of citizens, inclu
ding marry ladies, were in attendance. The ad
dress was delivered by the Rev. W.D. Caihxks
and was altogether worthy of the high reputa
tion of that gentleman for scholarship and class
ical taste.
THE WAIt, A PRACTICAL QUES
TION .
Wo like the heartiness and whole-soul spirit
of the following views of Gov. Smith, of Vir
ginia,iD his late message to the Virginia legisla
ture on the subject of the war. How truly
American are such sentiments, in contrast with
the feeble suggestions and morbid sympathies
put forth by those agej statesmen—whose “wis
dom is thirty years old”—jMessrs.-JjJlay and Gal
latin :
“ Allow me, gentlemen, to congratulate you
upon our uniform success irr Mexico. The splen
dor of our achievements has elevated the name
of our country,covered our arms with imperish
able glory, and excited the wonder and admira
tion of tire world. Commenced as the war was
by Mexico, wrongfully and without sufficient
cause, I trust it will not be terminated until we
shall have obtained “ indemnity for the past
and security for the future and shall have
taught Mexico to respect a power she has here
tofore treated with arrogance and scorr. Had it
been her pleasure, a treaty of amity, of peace,
and of friendship, upon terms highly liberal,
would have been readily entered into by this
country ; but, preferring war, and having en
tered the disputed territory, and attacked the ar
my of Gen. Taylor, preceded by sundry incidents
of bloody atrocity, tile question is widely differ
ent. By the laws of nations this country has
the right to require a surrender of territory as
some equivalent for the heavy loss to which wc
have been put by the aggressive policy of Mexi
co, and it is a duty we owe to our country and
to the future peace of the world, to insist, as a
sine qua non. upon such concession.
“ Shall the insolent Mexican go unpunished 1
Shall the glories of Palo Alto, Resaca <le la Pal
ma, Monterey, Buena Vista, Ccrro Gordo, Con
treras,Churubusco, Molinodel Rey.Chapultepec,
and the Garitas, pass away as a dream, leaving
no solid memorial behind them of a skill, a gal
lantry, and a self-sacrificing devotion unsurpass
ed in the history of man ? I regard this war as a
practical question, and tube disposed of accord
ingly. That morbid sympathy which lives only
for Mexico—that Mexico which murders the
drunken soldier, and lances the wounded on the
field ol battle—l cannot approve; nor can I re
spect that cJosct philosophy which teachesa mag
nanimity that calls us to surrender every thing,
because we are victorious. No, my sympathies
are lor my country, lor the gallant dead,for those
whose mighty deeds have given a holder and a
broader light to our glorious constellation, for
their widows and for their orpbars. Instead of
this unhealthy magnanimity,to which I have ad
verted, I would he just to Mexico, but just also
to my own country.”
northUkis democrats.
To those, Whigs or Democrats at the South
who alfect to believe that there is no difference
in the parties at the North on the subject of the
Wilmot Proviso, we commend tho following,
sample of Democratic feeling in Pennsylvnnir.
Where will you find any such loyal expressions
from Northern Whigs, lroin their prossea, tlioir
Speaker, or their assemblies? Echo answers
where ?
From the Bedford (Pa.) Gazette.
Giikat Dkmochatic Mkktiko.
The democratic meeting held in the court
house on last Monday evening, in honor of
Shunk mill Longstreth, was one of the largest
and most enthusiastic assemblages of freemen
ovor convened in Bedford county—a fact which
no candid man will attempt to deny. The court
house fairly rocked under the tremendous crowd
tho,* was convened w ithin its walla, and the res
olutions and speeches were cheered in a man
ner that lelt no doubt about tho great satisfaction
that prevails in our nobio county on tho subject
of tho recent glorious triumph in Pennsylvania.
Our old gray-headed fathers, from the most dis
tant part of the country, were with us, and cheer
ed us by their approving smiles.
•*. > • •
Tho followin ‘ resolutions, offered by Wm. P-
Mhell, Esq. weie also passed unanimously:
Resolved, That the admirable letter of the
Hon. James Buchanan on the Wilmot Proviso
meet* with our hearty approbation; ami that
hi* open and patriotic stand in Isvor of the ex
tension ofthe Missouri Compromise line, to til
territory that may be acquired from Mexico, has
contributed greatly in allaying the disastrous
agitation ofthe slave y question.
Resolved, That we consider the Wilmot Pro
viso a firebrand cast in the democratic ranks ; and
that its adoption by Congress would be not only
unconstitutional, but inexpedient, and well cal
culated to endanger the permanency and integri
ty ofthe Union.
Correspondence ot tit* Time*.
No. GB.
Warhixgtox Citt, Dec. 10, 1847.
The proceedings of Congress prior to the close
of the holidays are always very desultory, and I
never witnessed a session in which this charac
teristic was displayed to a greater degree. The
Senate have literally accomplished nothing in
this, the second week’s legislation ; two days
having been devoted to practical holidays (so
called testimonials of Senatorial respect) on ac
count of the announcement of the death of Sen
ators Huntington and Speight. Monday was
devoted principally to tire election of the Chair
men of their committees, on Tuesday to the fill
ing up of the said committees, and as usual, there
was no session on Friday and Saturday. This
accounts for the week—Senatorial. On Tues
day however, Mr. Dickinson of New-York in
troduced his resolutions declaring that the ex
tension of our boundaries was not contrary to
the spirit of our government, &c. and that any
attempt to prescribe domestic institutions for a
people who may occupy a territory (under this
government) two or three thousand miles off,
will be unconstitutional, anti-republican, unjust
and foreign to the principle of equal rights on
which this government is based. A few ultra
Wilmot provisoists—nominal Democrats—and
Messrs. Calhoun and Holmes, arc understood to
be the only members of Congress, claiming even
remote connection with the Democratic party,
who object to the positions of the Senator from
New-York. Almost all who last winter sustain
ed Mr. Calhoun, are understood to have express
ed satisfaction with this platform, and, wonderful
to tell, many who last winter favored Wilmot's
heresy, jumped at the opportunity this disclaim
er of right to prescribe institutions for a distant
people, affords, to get hack into full communion
with the Democratic party.
On Tuesday night, it is said that some of Mr.
Calhoun’* friends, to whom he had imparted his
intention of bringing forward his resolutions,
spent the greater part of the night in endeavor
. ing to dissuade him from taking the step; but in
vain, They were brought forward on Wednes
day. They are hypothetical, as your readers
will perceive. If he means that it is against the
spirit of (his government to undertake wars for
conquest, and that it will be dangerous and im
proper to annex all Mexico as a province or oth
erwise, few Democrats will gainsay his hypothe
ses. If, on the other hand, he means that wc
should not take territorial indemnify for our ac
count against Mexico, which I do not believe,
he will find as few Democrats to say amen. It
was thought on Thursday that he intended to
speak to them, and then withdraw them from the
preparations for addressing the Senate, which he
made. Gen. Foote rose to address the Senate
however, which cut him off, so our world of quid
nuijics will have to burn with curiosity at least
until to-morrow at noon, before learning precise
ly what he may Ire driving at.
The fact that most of Mr. Calhoun’s old and
heretofore devoted followers, are said to have
openly disclaimed favoring his movement, and
the report, that Senators Butler, Foot, and oth
ers, exerted themselves to induce him not to bring
forward the resolutions, account for the exist nee
of the impression that lie intends to withdraw
them. The somewhat similar movement of his
erratic friend, Holmes, in the House on the same
day, confirms my remark to you which I believe
I made to you last week, that Mr. Calhoun had
under advisement a proposition to settle the Mexi
can difficulty by a treaty, giving us exclusive
commercial advansages rather than territory.
While many are arguing that Mr. Calhoun fa
vors this scheme because Mr. Holmes has moved
n it, I regard the fact as evidence that it docs
inot meet his approval. Had he intended to plant
himself on such ground, he would not have per
mitted the proposition to be brought forward by
one in whose judgement ordiscretion no one ap
pears to confide. As erratic as Mr. Calhoun is,
there is far more method in his madness than
this step would indicate.
The committees (standing) lor the House were
announced on Monday last, to the dismay ol
at least conscientious Whig members from the
South. Under this regime of Federali.-m, there
are thirty-six standing committees of which 2!
have declared Wilmot proviso Feds as Chair
men, and the heads of three of the rest, are
Messrs. Clingman, Botts and Butler King, who
appear to be regarded by •• conscience” as cock
sure for any purposes the ruling dynasty may
have in hand. The Speaker has also Irecn care
ful to place the ptoviso-ists and ultra anti-war
men at the head of almost every committee that
may exert an influence on the future of our
country. Upon such committees as those “on
Post-Office Buildings,” “ Post-Roads,” expen
ditures in tho Departments, &c. the Southern
Feds (war-men and anli-provisoists) were prin
cipally placed.
It is not remarkable that under the circum
stances the Southern Federalists arc beginning
to “sec smoke.” The prospect of being forced
to go into the next Presidential canvass (as the
selection of the committees indicates) on grounds
taken to suit the sentiment ruling in tho Legis
lature of Mass, is enough to give them the
“ thumps” as well as the “ horrors.” As ger
rnain to this subject of committees, 1 wish to
cull tile attention of your readers to the corres
pondence between Messrs. Winlhrop and Pal
frey of Mass, now going the rounds of the Fed
eral newspapers, which will beuseJ.if possible,
at the tSouthjlo shield the Southern Federal mem
bers from a just responsibility, for the treachery
to their constituents involved in their part of the
election of tho former to lie Speaker.
It may be well to direct your readers to the
complection of the two committees concerning
which Palfrey is made, in tide correspondence,
to require pledges, on the ground that the ma
jority of each should ho determined opponents
of tho extension of slavery.
Though Mr- Winthrop in his letter is made
to refnsc te pledge himself, he hus carried out
the demand of Palfrey to the letter. That this
fact may bo placed beyond dispute, I here give
you a list of the two committees, as follows:
Committee on the Judieiury. —Joseph R. In
gersol of Pa.; Geo. Ashburn of Mnss.; John
Pcttitofla.; Nathan 11. Hall of N. Y.; John
11. Lumpkin of Ga.; James Dixon of Conn.;
Richard French of Ky.; John L. Taylor of
Ohio; Richard K. Meade of Va.
Committee on Trrritorire— Caleb B. Smith
of la., (Chairman,) Hobart B. Cranston, of R
1., Howell Cobb, of Ga., Juliu* Rockwell, o
Mass., Jatnaa Thompson, of Pa., Daniel Gott,of
N. Y„ Isaac E. Morse, of La., Nathan Evuns, of
Ohm, Timothy Pillsbury, of Texas.
Yoh will here perceive, that every Whig on
both these committees represents a district of a
mm-Slaveholding State—that they constitute a
majority of either committee, and, on3 and all,
are Wilmot Provisoists or anti-Slavery men.
With those committees, as constituted, staring
the people of the South in the face, I take it
Federalism will make less there out of this c r
resjwndence, than it had hoped for. In truth, it
was published lor little purpose other than to
throw dust in the eyes of the people of the South,
to stop their mouths from complaining about the
share their own Representatives had,practically, in
this abolitionising, the committees, which, of all
others, can strike the most effectual blows against
the rights of tire Southern portion of this con
federacy. But let us look farther into the con
struction of Mr. Winthrop’s committees. Those
on Ways and Means and on Commerce, were
according to the letter of Mr. Palfrey, to be Ab
olitionized, if I mistake not, as they, next to the
two before mentioned may or may not exert the
great influence against the constitutional rights
of the South according to the disposition of the
majorities of the members thereof. Now. as it
would not do to exclude anti-Proviso Whigs,
(Southern Federalists,) altogether from all the
important committees, (in this Slavery connec
tion,) Mr. Speaker Winthrop has placed some of
them on these two; yet, at the same time, he has
taken care to check-mate them with funkey
Democrats who are, as they ought to be, equally
offensive at the South, for they are quite as hos
tile to Southern rights as Northern Federalist*,
one and all.
On the Committee of Ways and Means, there
are Messrs. Samuel F. Yinton, of Ohio, Chair
man, Robert Toombs, of Ga., Jas. J. McKay, of
N. C., Charles Hudson of Ms., George S. Hous
ton, of Ala., Charles S. Morehtad, of Ky., Jas.
Pollock, of Pa., Samuel D. Hubbard, of Conn.,
Hkhht Nicholl, of N. Y.
Toombs and Morehead are Southern Whigs,
so to neutralize their bias in all questions arising
to affect the rights of the South, Nicholl, anew
member, from New Yojk, one of the few un
sound Northern Democrats in the present Con
gress, is placed in this important position.—
Nicholl and the four anti-Slavery Whiga consti
ute a majority ofthe Committee,
The Committee on Commerce are Messrs.
Washington Hunt, of N. Y., chairman, Joseph
Grinnell, of Mass., R. F. Simpson, of S. C., Mo-
Hampton, of Pa., Bannon G. Thibodeaux, of
La., J#hx Wkjttworth, of 111., Dudley S.
Gregory of N. J., Archibald Atkinson, of Va.,
Kinsley S. Bingham, of Mich.
The four Northern Federalists on this Com
mittee are anti-Slavery men, but as it was neces
sary to throw a crumb to Southern Whiggery
on the Committee of Commerce, (New Orleans
being the second port in the Union,) Thibodeaux
must have a place there. So Wentworth of
111., a rabid Abolitionist, who is no longer looked
on here as a member of the Democratic party in
full communion, is fixed in this position in order
to neutralize T’s. aid in an assault on the rights
of the South the Northern anti-Slavery Feder
al sta on the committee may determine on.
In fine, as in the case of ihe two Committees,
first analyzed above, the majority of both these
committees are aDti-Slavcry men.
The President has sent in his Veto Message,
concerning which I wrote you some time ago.
This document [ eaks for itself. It is destined
to become the platform upon which the Demo
cratic party will stand in reference to Internal
Improvements, by the General Government fora
very long time to come, or I am very much de
ceived. It came upon the House when engaged
in discussing Vinton’s propositions for the basis
of Alexander Hamilton’s “Home Department,’’
revamped for this era—his proposed standing com
mittee on Internal Commerce, for the establish
ment of which the Abolitionists, more especial
Iv, are piping hot, as I wrote you last week -
Not feeling competent to the task of doirg jus
tice to the argument and array of facts embraced
in this veto, I shall not essay to describe its
points. I may safely say, however, that it is
by far the ablest of all the very able state papers
for which the country are indebted to his pen.
The discussion of the Internal Improvement
question upon the resolution to make the new
standing committees, above referred to, and the
consideration ot various propositions to amend
the rules have occupied the House for the greater
part of the week. The first subject is yet just
about where the House found it on Monday
last. The hour rule, that lore to wratherki'es
and prosy fellows, was yesterday adopteJ again,
after having been virtually abrogated a few days
before. It was also agreed that, herr after, a
member if he will, may address tho House from
the Clerk’s rostram, rather than a place on the
floor. This is borrowing the fashion of the Tri
bune in the present chamber of deputies.
John W. Davis of la., the late Speaker of the
House, will probably be sent to China, and a
Mr. Rowan, of Ky., to Naples. There are some
twenty applicants for the last mentioned post.
LOWNDES.
The New Orleans Bulletin of Thursday last
published a letter “from a highly intelligent friend
now at Washington, and formerly a prominent
Senator.” It speaks of Mr. Olay’s movements
ami their effects in the following decided terms
of condemnation. The Bulletin is a Taylor pa
per:
“ Mr. Clay’s speech has given rise to a good
deal of comment. I must confess it has disap
pointed me. There are certainly many senti
ments in it which meet my cordial approbation,
but there are others from which I must dissent—
I think the whole tone of his remarks as regards
slavery, objectionable and calculated 100 much
for a northern meridian. In fact the whole speech
has too much of an election aspect, and the sal
utary influence which the wise and patriotic sen
timents, with which it abounds, would have ex
erted on the country, will he very much dimin
ished, if not entirely destroyed by that circum
stance.
“I perceive that it is generally considered as a
manifesto of hia opinions preparatory to becom
ing a candidate, ami as you will see, is so treat
ed by friends and foes. I regret this both for
his own sake and that of the country. Had he
kept ak/of and positively declined lining consid
ered a candidate, the effect of the speech would
have been widely different and the tendency of
things now is to make the election assume the
most dangerous of all forms, a contest between
the North and South.
The secret circular, as it is called, signed by
Leslie Combs, nnd some other of Mr. Clay’s
friends, has irritated Rio friends of Gen. Taylor.
It was, to say the least, a most injudicious move
and emanating as it does, from Mr. Clay’s imme
diate neighborhood, nnd from his intimate per
sonal friends, it is generally supposed to have
been sanctioned hv him, hut the very folly of
such a proceeding is, in my opinion, conclusive
evidence that ho had no agency in it. He is
not Ihe first man whose friends havo had more
zeal than discretion.
From the N. 0. Delta.
* LATER FROM VERA CBVZ
By the arrival of the U. S. transport schooner
I Marla Burt - ‘ast evening, from Vera Crnz „
have received dates from Vera Cruz to Ihe’soth
ult., and from Mexico to the 28th. Wc have
several interesting letters, which we ahall p B J
lish to-morrow. The lollowing is the only | et .
ter that wo have room for to-day:
Citt of Mexico, Nov. 28, 1847*
PS/!". ~ oa 1,10 26lf > ‘*>*., the officer*
of the -*ti Division gave a dinner to their Com
mander, Brig. Gen Twiggs, who was then shout
to leave in order to take command of the Post
of Vera Cruz. The aflkii went off in fine style
and it was truly “a feast of reason and a flow of
soul. Gen. Twiggs has commanded his divi
sion from the plains of Palo Alto and Resaca
until it arrived in the ‘ Halls of the Momezumas ”
and it has won high distinction during that j -
riod, ami all, from the Commander down to the
privates, at diflerei t periods, have met the enemv
in his strongest holds, the results of which you
are well aware—the plains of Palo Alto and
Resaca, the forts of Monterey, the city of Vera
Cruz, the heights of Cerro Gordo, ami the en
trenchments and fortifications in this valley all
bear evidence of its gallantry and discipline.
Yesterday the order for the departure of Gen
Twiggs was counteracted, and therefore he will
remain here in the command of his division ■ as
also the departure of the escort of Mr. Trist
which was to have left to-morrow, is indefinite*
ly postponed ; but I think it will leave,with
Mr. Trist, about the sth ol next month, and ar
rive in Vera Cruz about the 17th. The cause of
Mr. Trist’s detention for the present,has not been
made public.
We have no positive news of interest from
Queretaro, since the withdrawal of a portion of
the Puro party from the Congress. We learn
now, indirectly, that the government of Anaya
is making a movement towards re-openiug nego
tiations with our Government at home. This
Government is authorized to negotiate a peace,
hut I think it is extremely doubtful whether it
will act previous to the election ofthe new Pres
ident in January. However, it is now aster
mined that they would have made an immediate
movement, had not Mr. Trist been re-called
The Governors, who were assembled by Senor
Don Luis de la Rosa, Minister of Relations un
vor the Government of Pena y Pena, were all
with the exception of the one from Sn Luis’
Potosi, in favor ot concluding an immediate peace.
It is now also positively ascertained that tho
Commission which met Mr. Trist during the ar
mistice, with the exception of Herrera, who ex
pressed no opinion, were in favor of concluding
a peace upon the terms proposed by us, hut as
Santa Anna could not command force enough to
sustain him, it failed ; and then, to cover their
retreat, as it were, they made a counter proposi
tion, which you have published.
The last advices we have from Queretaro, aro
to the 23d. At that timo the Governors were in
session, and in conference with the Ministers
The minister of Relations staled that he hod
rec ivc Ia no 0 from Mr, Trist, “which was an
swered in ihe same manner tin t the minister of
Santa Anna replied to Ihe note ofthe American
Commissioner previous to tho late armistice.”
The Puro party are endeavoring to retard the
operations of the present Government and are
charging it with having entered into a secret ar
mistice with Gen. Scott. If they cannot effect
their object in any other way, I think it is likely
they will endeavor to g< t up a revolution , origin
ating it in Oajaca. However, notwithstanding
the report ot an armistice between the two au
thorities, they were daily looking for a detach
ment of American troops at Queretaro, which
detachment will be sent as soon as reinforce
ments arrive.
Ilerrcra continues very ill, and is not expected
to survive the present attack.
The last that we hear from Santa Anna, is
through a Idler from Oajaca of ihe 171 h inst.
which states that he has gone to Tuxtcpec with,
a small escort.
Chihuahua.—On the 31 u1t.,40 Ameri-ansen
tered tlie village of Pasco, wilh the design tota
lling Armijo prisoner, but it is said they gave up
their purpose, and a treaty was entered into bc
hveen the government and the Americans, by
which the latter remain neutral until the decision
of tlie Mexican government was known.
The papers from the interior bring us tho
news of the death of President Polk, and state
that Gen. Taylor has issued orders for the ce’e
bration of his funeral.
We have what is considered positive intelli
gence 01 the occupation nl'Muzatlan, Guaymas,
arid ot’ cr portso 1 the Pacific coast, hy oursquad
ron. The Congress arid Portsmouth bombarded
Guaymas an hour before they took possession.
So say tlie advices. ‘I he terms granted to the
different pieces, ore similar to those estal ii hed
in other places occupied hr our forces. W. A.
Robison was appointed Collector, and the rates
of duties were ns follows: the duties of importation
until otherwise ordered, will he spcr cent, per
ton, and 10 per cent, ad valorem, the value in
port to he determined by persons appointed hr
that ptrpos: - . Until quar ers shall be provided
for the troops who were to garrison Ihe place, tho
United Slates flog would he hoisted on some
point in the hay from the United States frigate
Congress.
We have advices from Lower California to
Oct.3, which state that some small portions of
our troops have had severe engagements with
the enemy, and were defeated. The idea of de
feat destroys the probability of truth in the whole
affair, arid therefore we attach no importance
whatever to tho intelligence.
For tho last three Mondays, spveral thousand
leperos have collected in the Plaza, for the pur
pose of w itnessing the execution of a sentinco,
on one of their c'ar, ol thirty-nine lashes cn tho
back, well laid on, tor four successive Mondays.
At the first flogging, they threw stones and ex
hibited other signs of disorder; three of them
vvere’eaught upon whom the same sentence is
in course of infliction,jnnd profiting by the exam
ple set them, they have not since that time been
guilty of riotous conduct. Our city government
is bringing them to their senses, if such a thing
be possible.
The city is now more quiet than it lias been
since we entered. Assassinations are less fre
quent, and both the Mexicans and our soldiers
in a better state of discipline. Folice arrange
ments now in preparation will ensure the peace
and order of every hole and corner, of even tho
suburbs. MUSTANG.
The following passages from one of Mr.
Clay’s speeches in Congress, during the lata
war, when he was contending on tho side ol his
country, if substituting Mexico for Great Britain
is an apt description of the conduct of the party
now, of which Mr. Clay is the leader and pro
liable candidate:
lfgentlemen would only reserve for their
own government half the sensibility which is in
dulged for that of Great Britain, they would find
much less to condemn. Whilst peace experi
ments arc undergoing a trial, what is the con
duct of the opposition? They arc the champions
of tile war; the proud, the spirited, the solo
respository of the nation’s honor, the men ot
exclusive vigor and energy. The administra
tion, on the contrary, is week, feeble and
pusillanimous— incapable of being kicked into a
war. * * * Is the administration l" r
negotiation ? the opposition is tired, sick and dis
gusted with negotiation. They want to draw
the sword and avengo tho nation’s wrongs.
When, however toreigii nations, perhaps emuo -
doned by the very opposition here made, rc uso
to listen to the amicable appeals which a
been repeated and reiterated by the adimnistr.
tion to their justice and tlioir interest; Wien,
in fact, war with one of them lias become i on
tilied with our independence and our sovereign
ty, and to abstain from it was no longer I,OBS1 ,OBS
hie. behold the opposition veering round an
becoming the friends of peace and
They tell you of the calamities ol war—-Its tr g
cal events—the squandering away ol our *
soroes the wasto’of public treasure, and
spilling of innocent blood. ‘ l he)>a
war and no restriction when the at m
tion is lor peace. They are lor .pe ■“
restriction, when the administration i lor war.
You find them, sir, tacking with every g“'
playing tl.o colors of every party, and ol all lo
tions, steady only in one unalterable P F _’
to steer, if possible into the haven of
* * * £ir, gentleman opi s l* r t 0 Iur b cl
that they vtiud ou American soil.