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IJOWJMIUB, GA.
Tl KSDAV , FEBRDART 99, I*4B.
Scumt Dix or New- York. —'Vc com
ancc to-day the publication of the very state*-
H%n ’ ke speech of this Senator. He discuiscs a
sf very Jeep interest*—that of the right
•f murvention in the political affairs of the
American States broached by the French Gov
ernment. and brsallj Hinted at by the British.
It a* not a partisan speech, but one which every
Jl—fii an may scad with interest, approbation
and profit.
M A RECUSANT.”
If wo bad the de*irr, oui correspondent has
not left us the room to rejoin to his reply to oar
observations on the course of the oppos.-s of the
Mnacoge* R. R- Company. We are content,
Wwever, to leave our remarks to staml for tliem
adves against “ A Recusant’s” strictures. We
wight multiply words a discretion, but we do
Ml are that we could strengthen the positions we
there took, left almost untouched by our corres
pondent. If we find it necessary, wo may re
cur In the subject next week.
We will only add that the Muscogee Compa
ny is not wedded to the upper route. They in
land to make a survey of the direct route, and
if found as advantageous, they will take it—hu*
Bantosville is to be the ultimate destination.
We are glad that “ A Recusant” repudiates
Pond Town. The only real difference between
Imq and the Muscogee Company is, then, wheth.
or to begin here or at UarnesviUe —and surclv,
tkmt is purely a question of feasibility and profit.
No attempt is made to show hole wo can build
it from this end. We have exhibited by figures
how it can be done from the other. The doc
trine offered to us, is, build 40 miles from here
and thru sit down to wait f_r the Hercules of.
tba Central or the Georgia road, to do the rest,
Who will expend half a million of dollars on
aneh a contingency ? The old saw saya, if you
want a thing half done, send, if you want it
well done, go yourself. We must paddle our
own Canoe. We have waited on Hercules, un
til we are half ruined.
We have hopes that the public spirit and good
sense of our citizens will refuse to put in execu
tion. the menace, to resist tho Rail-Road Tax
Ordinance of the city.
PEACE PROSPECTS.
The cheering promise'he Id out in our last issue,
that the sword was about to be sheathed, and
paoeaahie relations restored with our Mexican
neighbors, is confirmed. We have private in
tonation from Washington, that Mr. Sevier,
Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Rela
tiona, in the Senate, has stated that the President
had received a Treaty from Mexico. Its terms
mm at)II the subject of speculation, but are be
lieved to be substantially what we stated them,
last week.
The bet is further confirmed, by a later arri
val from Mexico, by the British steamer Dee. It
will be aeen, that the fact that a treaty has been
agreed to by tho Mexican Commissioners is of
ficially announced in the Monitor of Mexico
by the Mexican Ministerol Foreign Atfjirs. By
the same channel we learn, that it is stipulated
by Gen. Scott, that Santa Anna is to be impris
oned, for the purpose of carrying peace measures
into ei%L Another account states, that Santa
Anna has become a convert to peace; has asked
far a passport to leave the country, recommend
•d peace and a hearty support of Pena y Pena’s
Government. These interesting facts will be
found in detail in our columns.
Boon Table. —We find on our table “ The
Sacred Mountains by T. J. Headley, in one
volume of 204 pages. To the Biblical student,
this book off-rs a rich treat See notice of it in
<MT advertising columns.
The 3d and 4th parts of Eubank's Hydratics
mmd Mechanics, a valuable scientific work, de
aenptive and historical and adapted to the com
prehension of the intelligent genera! reader. It
la published in numbers by “ Greeley & McEl
***h,” New \ ork, nearly 200 pages in each num
ber—price 25 cents.
Revolutionary Services and Civil Life of
Gen. Mm. Hull. —This is a handsome volume,
printed in the style of Prescott’s “ Ferdinand
and Isabella,” anJ Lis histories of Mexico and-
P*ru, by Appleton & Cos. of New York. The
History is prepared from the MSS. of the late
lira. Maria Campbell, of Augusta, the daughter
of Gen. Hull, and includes a history of the cam
paign of ISI2, and the surrender of the post at
Detroit, by James F. Clarke, the grandson of
Gen. Hull. j
The object of the work is to vindicate the
aetnacy of Gen. Hull from the taint that rests
*po® *• oo account of the surrender at Detroit.
The task is performed ly the affectionate descen
dants of Gen. Hull, with ability and ardor. The
defence, rest on the previous services of Gen.
Hall, and his courage tested in the hardest
fought battles of the Revolution are recounted
and appealed to as proof that cowardice could
have been one of the motivesfor the surren
der of Detroit.
This book, will be read with interest, and will
go far to remove from the fame of the deceased
•oilier, the blot which, for one disaster, in a life
•f wiltfary services, History has fixed upon it.
Ta*i*r Mestizo is New York. —This
Meeting held on the 15th inst., and prepared
with a T>ew to a great demonstration, proved a
fail are, It was numerously attended, but all
•ccoantc agree in making it out a most variega-
Md (politically j assemblage. Many cheers for
Oay, not so many for Taylor, and not a few
f*olk, hisses and groana for traitors, hurras
fee tbs war and indemnity, varied the evening’s
Mtoitainments. Col. Baker, of Illinois, essayed
m abusive speech against Mr. Polk ; he was
coughed and hissed down. The meeting was
■■di Op of Clayites, Taylorites, and Demo
erstt, ind th# result as a demonstration—no
thing.
Edretle Magazine of Foreign Literature, Ed
ilad by W. H. Bid well New York. This is a
Monthly publication containing the choice arti
ho* the Quarters and Monthlies. Each
number is embellished with a splendii Mezzotint
£ogra*iog by “Sartia.” Mr. D. Ritter the Gen
•ml Agent fur this valubale work is in this city
•t *ho Mansion House, and will cal! on ourciti
**** t^ e l >ur l' o * e of giving them an apportuni
-9 ®f subscribfll* for the above work.
. The Treat* or Peace, was received in
Tie Senate and considered in secret session on
the 23J inst. We ate unable to form any opinion
of its fate in that Lody. •„
Monr. “Ain axo Comfort.— Mr. Charles
Naylor, formerly a Whig member of Congress
from Philadelphia, but now a Capt. of Pennsyl
vania Volunteers and Governor of the National
Palace in Mexico, thns writes home, of the char
icter and effect of Whig political action in ref
erence to the war.
The whig* are mad. I hang my head with hu
miliation and shame when I think that I have been
a member oftheir party. Mr. Webster’s speech
has been republished here, by the Mexicans, in
every variety of form, as well as a synopsis ofMr.
Clay’s; and they have been made the foundation
of appeals to the Mexican people, confirming
them in their indecision —flattering their hopes
that one of the great parties of our country will
arrest the prosecution ofthe war, and putting off
forever, in my opimon, all prospects of an ami
cable settlement of it. It seems to me that the
Whig leaders are guilty of the worst kind of trea
son. I have discovered, here, that someone in
the States, who has had access to all the publica
tions of the conntry, has been in correspondence
with the Mexican Secretary of State,- and has
transmitted to him all the articles ofthe Ameri
cas press favorable to the Mexicans and the Mex
ican cause. I have in my possession nearly three
hundred of these articles. Many of them were
translated and republished here ; and one of them
an article from the “New York Express,” (an
appeal to the Catholics of the United States to
oppose Mr. Polk’s administration, upon the
ground that the war was a religious war—a cru
sade against the Catholic religion in Mexico,) has
not only been published in the Mexican
but printed in hand bills, and circulated by thou
sands at all the church doors in the city of Mexico;
Who can tell, in view of Jacts like these, how much
of the blood that has been shed in this war is owing
to the action of such publications
[bt telegraph.]
ILLNESS AND PROBABLE DEATH
OF EX-PRESIDENT ADAMS.
First Despatch. —John Quincy Adams,
Ex-Presiff nt of the United States, and Repre
sentative in Congress from Massachusetts, was
attacked with an apop ectic fit in his seat in the
House. As soon as this occurrence was made
known, both Houses immediately adjourned.
Secovp.Despatch.— At the time of writing
Mr. Adams was rather more comfortable, but
was speei hless. The hopes of his recovery
were slender, and great anxity was manifested
as to the final result.
Third Despatch. —The peace news had a
favorable influence on stocks in Baltimore and
New-York, and they had advanced in conse
quence. There had been no change in other
markets.
Mr. Adams was still alive, but sinking rapidly.
Fourth Despatch. —Our correspondent
states that M. Adams vrasnn better, and still
sinking. The last words, which Mr. Adams had
been heard to say. were “this is the last of
EARTH lAM CONTEXT..”
Cotton was drooping at New York.
From the above, it will be apparent that Mr.
Adam* could hardly survive beyond a few hours,
and it is therefore probable that he yielded up
his spirit to the God who gave it on the anniver
sary of the day that gave birth to Washing
ton, the first President of these United States.-
It will be recollected that his father John Ad
am*, also Thomas Jefferton, and James Monroe,
all Ex-Piesidents. expired on the Anniversary
of our National Independence.
Charleston Courier.
LiTin —Mr. Adams closed his mortal career,
and a most eventful life, at 17 minutes past 7 o’-
clock, on the evening of the 23d. We have
only time to announce the fact, without any re
marks appropriate to the occasion of the decease
or a man who has filled so large and distinguish
a space in the history of the country.
MEXICAN CORRESPONDENCE.
As almost eveiything from the theatre of A
merican military ttchievement in Mexico is fraught
with interest to the readers in this country, we
give the following extracts from the familiar let
ters of a young army officer from this ci
ty, to the Editor. A relation of the per
sonal history of a single individual in an action,
sometimes affords a clearer and livelier picture
of a battle, than the most elaborate general de
scription. Os this character are the following
sketches of the affairs of “ Molino Del Rey” and
“ Chepultepec
Mexico, January 13, 1848.
We have lately been making prisoners of
some of the ■elite of the glorious Mexican Ar
my. A few days since Col. Wynkoope, of the
Pennsylvania Volunteers, received reliable infor
mation that Gen. Gabriel Valencia was within
thirty miles of the city. Col. W. accordingly
applied to Gen. Scott for leave to go after him,
pledging himself to return the following day by
12 o’clock, and offering to risk his commission
on the success of the expedition. Two compa
nies of Texans volunteered to accompany him.
They started at 9 o’clock that night, and next
day at 11 o’clock found the party again in the
city, with Gen. Valencia and two Colonels, whose
names I did not learn, and if I had would have
been of no moment, for Mexican Colonels are
as plenty as blackberries, and not half so good
and useful. Valencia is on parole in the city
He is the officer who commanded at Contreras,
and who was so eteted because we did not lick
him on the afternoon of the 19th August that
he got drunk, issued pompous orders, and bre
veted his officers, right and left, lor their gallant
ry, and behaved, generally, like an ass. The
next morning by six o’clock, he was made quite
sober, for after the works were carried, he was
nowhere to be found, having gone, perhaps, to
take'a walk, to get an appetite for breakfast.
The next capture \sas by Col. Dominguez of
the Spy Company. On his late march up, from
Vera Cruz, in charge of the mail we have just
received, he was requested by some persons liv
ing on the road, to protect them against some
Mexican cavalry that had lately committed dep
redations in the neighborhood. He rode on a
short discerned a body of about 100 men, among
them Gens. Torrejon and Gaona. The Spy
company pitched into them, and captured the
two Generals, two American deserters, and thir
ty or forty “ Greasers,” as our people call them.
The prisoners were left to the care of Col. Childs,
at Puebla. I learned this morning from an En
glishman, who has just received a letter from
Orizaba, that Gen. Barnaqac was at a house
near that place. We shall have him next if he
does not look sharp. It seems that contactwith
the North Americans has infused courage into
the Guerrilleros, composing the Native Spy
Company. In all their brushes on the road they
have whipped their countrymen. Dominguez
has been an outlaw for a number of years, and,
it is said, will take to the road again, when we
leave the country. He has a family in Puebla.
This morning the funeral of the lamented
Capt. J. R. Irwin took place. His body was
followed to the Church, in which it is placed,
for the present, by a large number of officers.—
He was a universal favorite, greatly esteemed as
a brave officer, and beloved as a man. He wai
Chief Quarter Master of the Army on this line.
The Aztec Club, of which he was a member,
have testified to his high character in appropriate
resolutions, and attended his funeral in a body.
His remains go down with the next train.
G#o. CaJwaffu ler, with hi* Brigade,
Toluca without opposition. Col. Withers left
some days since with the 9lh Infantry, a com
pany of Dragoons, and a section of Artillery,
for Pachuca, a short march from here, for the’
purpose of levying on the famous mines of
** Real del Monte;” lie has already sent back
S9O or SIOO,OOO in silver.
• * • * * *
The storm of lead and iron, at Churubusco,
was awful and incessant for two hours and three
quarters. At “ Molino del Rey,” where our
whole force engaged was but 2,200 against from
8 to 12,000 of the enemy, behind breast works
and stone walls, and 8,000 cavalry Ranging on
our left flank, the fire was almost as terrible and
quite as well sustained. Our troops in their ad
vance to the works had to descend a beautiful
and gentle slope of green sward, and had reached
to within a very short distance of the enemy’s
lines, before his fire was opened on us. So beau
tiful and glorious a sight I never before wit
nessed. Cadwallader’s brigade, to which my
regiment belonged, was halted within supporting
distance as a reserve, and being at the top of the
hill, which sloped gently to the scene of combat,
I had a brief but full view of the whole opening
scene. The assault was begun by the storming
party, just at the dawn of day, and when the
enemy opened his fire, I could think of nothing
so like it, as ten thousand bright candies lit up
tor an instant and then extinguished, in a line
from left to right, for a quarter of a mile. This
idea struck me at the moment, and I have not
been able to get rid of it. The spectacle did not
last long, for we had our parts to perform in the
drama. We were soon moved down to the
support of Duncan’s battery, and took up our
position on his right, ami by the lime the move
ment was completed there was such a cloud of
smoke enveloping the combatants that nothing
could be distinguished in front, while the ear
was filled with reports of arms and the whistling
of balls. This affair gave me an idea of a regu
lar field of battle.
There were wounded men crawling away, as
best they could from the scene to some place of
safety, some scattering soldiers fighting on their
own hook, dead dragoon and artillery horses,
others rearing and plunging in the agonies of
death wounds, and some rushing over the field
without riders, neighing and seeming as much
excited as the troops —this joined to the roar of
cannon, the crack of small arms, and the cries
of the wounded, formed a scene beyond descrip
tion.
*****
The most gloomy night I ever passed, was
that of the 12th September. I was sent out,
half a mile from the main body, as picket guard,
with a command of one Lieutenant and fifty
men. It was as cold as I ever felt it in this coun
try, and having been out all day in the field rince
day break, myself and men were almost worn
out. It was as much as I could do to keep them
from dropping to sleep. I tramped to and fro
the whole night in perfect silonce, and at six the
next morning got back to the Regiment, had
time to warm myself and get a piece of meat
cooked on a stick over the fire, and then pitched
into the battle of Chepultepcc, and had our
flag on its outer works in short order.
• * * • *
These Georgia soldiers are in bad luck, truly.
There they are, stuck down at Perote, the “grave
yard,” as it is termed, and likely to garrison it
until the end of the war.
*****
I am happy to inform you that Capt. Win, H.
Walker, of Georgia, who was shot through the
body at “ Molino del Rey,” is recovering slowly.
He has been on hi3 back ever since the battle, a
great sufferer.
Maj. Van Buren goes home to-morrow. Hap
py dog! I intend to make up for lost time, de
pend upon it, if I ever do get home again. By
the way, the Government had better not let this
army go home in anything like a body, fori am
sure they will upeet the first, considerable city
they come to, with their antics and long bottled
up fun. R. C. F.
Correspondsxice of the Times*
Castle Pkhote, Jan. 11, 1848.
Mr. Editor : Having but a moment only to
write, I have time only to say that the Georgia
Mounted Batallion is again on the march, and
we think and hope'that it will not cease until it
reaches the City of Mexico. We left our camp
ground near Jalapa yesterday morning with Gen.
Marshall’s train, and reached this place to-day at
about 3 o’clock.
It is expected that we will proceed to-mor
row morning towards Puebla, and thence to the
city.
Gen. Marshall has with him one Regiment of
Tennesseeans, one Batallion of Infantry, under
command of Maj. Morris of the 4th Artillery,
and the Georgia Mounted Batallion.
Lt. Col. Miles is two days in the rear of us
with a very heavy train—-some 1,500 troops and
500 wagons, loaded with necessaries for the army
at Mexico. The rear of his train was attacked
near Santa Fe, eight miies from Vera Cruz, and
three men of a Mounted Company killed, and
about $200,000 worth of property, belonging,
however, to the Mexican Merchant train, which
was in the rear of and under the protection of
Cos!. Miles’s train.
After being beaten off, information was re
ceived by Col. M. satisfying him that they in
tended re-attacking in greater force at Cerro
Gordo. He being without cavalry sufficient to
meet such opposition, despatched an express to
Jalapa, for a reinforcement of cavalry, and our
Batallion was ordered down to meet him. On
the appearance of our force in the opposite di
rection, it was deemed proper by the prudent
Mexicans not to hazard an attack, and they pass
ed on through to Jalapa.
The Georgia Infantry Batallion, which is now
stationed here, has suffered much from disease,
they being now scarcely able to muster 10ft ef
fective men. Lt. Lemons, of Company “C,”
died at Jalapa a few days since, where he had
been sick. The health of the officers now here
is generally good. Lt. Iverson, however, of your
city, returns home to-morrow by leave of ab
sence, on account of ill health.
The health of the Mounted Batallion is gen
erally good. Col. Calhoun’s health is good, and
he desires kind remembrances to all his home
friends.
I will occasionally endeavor to drop you a line
as we progress. In the meantime, I am, in
haste, yours, J. F. B.
Death of Major Webster. —The Ameri
can Star, published at the city of Mexico, of Ist
Fcbrurary, has the following intelligence, the
very latest from the capital:
We regret to hear the death, at San Angel, of
Major Edward Webster, of the Massachusetts
Regiment ot Volunteers. He was the youngest
son of the Hon. Daniel Webster, He left his
native State a year since as the senior Captain
in the Regiment, and was sulisoqucntly chosen
to the post which he hciJ at the time ofhis death.
He did,more than any other man toward* the ;
organization of the Regiment, and was eminent
ly popular. His death-will carry a paug to many
a heart.
Correspondence of the Times*
New Oulkah Feb. 28, 1848.
Mr. Editor—Amusements in the’ Crescent
City are like Blackberries in the Spring, with
this difference that they are not to be had “for
nothing.” Forrest is at the American
taking another farewell engagement of his ad
miring compatriots. Like all parting friends he
cannot tear himself away, and he returns occa
sionally to say “ good bye once more.” He is,
however, deservedly drawing crowded houses
with hisr favorite characters of Virginias, Rich
lieu, &c. The Viennoise Fairies are at the Or
leans, “tripping the light fantastic toe,” with
more graceful ingenuity than Milton e’er dream
ed of when he lelt us the quotation. Last eve
ning the magnificent Opera of “ Lea Martyrs,”
was unharmoniously interruped by some riotous
party yyho deserved Shakspeare’s curse for the
discord they raised in the next building with a
view of disturbing the singers. Madam Bishop
and her troupe are at the St. Charlos. She is
said to be a fine singer, and the whole company
is much lauded by those that have attended- the
performances of the Italian Opera.
Madame Ablamowicz is going to Mexico to
delight the dark Spaniards with the “ Exile of
Erin,” “ Auld Robin Gray,” and a host of other
hallads, for which they will not care much.—
However, our poor dear brethren there will glad
ly welcome her to the visionary luxurious Halls
of the Montezumas. The Alleghaniaris are at
the Armory singing quantities of glees. And
though last, bv no means least, Levi Noith’s
beautiful Gold colored Horse is dancing the Pol
ka at Stickney’s circus, with grace enough to
mak Coulon himself die of envy. This mas
ter, the great equestrian, is a star of magnitude
that attracts beauty, fashion, loaferism, and the
colored gentry with equal force. The monster
event of Spalding begins to end the list of our
entertainments, and the Bright Lady Moon is
Shining, overhead, to light the lovers of vanity
to their homc-s. H.
Correspondence of tlie Times.
No. 77.
Washington Citt. Feb. 23, 1848.
On Monday the order ofthe day (the
Ten Regiment taken up in the Senate,
we had the grand movement in favor of General
‘1 aylor, which it had been for some days whis
pered, that Mr. Yuiee was to essay. This was
the commencement of a speech on his substitute
for the resolutions of Senator Dickinson. These
resolutions your readers should remember, sim
ply affirm the Democratic and eminently State
Rights doctrine, that an attempt on the part of
Congress to legislate institutions for the people
of a territory, is equally as much against the
spirit of the compromises of the constitution, as
to essay the same thing for the inhabitants of a
State of the Union, and that in either case such
legislation is in direct contravention of the prin
ciple of self-regulation in domestic concerns,
manifestly at tho bottom of our whole Bytem of
institutions.
Mr. Yuiee spoke for half an hour in opposi
tion to this view. He was, however, answered
in due time. Southern Democratic Senators gen
erally, appear to have made up their minds that
his movement is but a second edition of that of
Wilmots, which was designed simply to distract
the party, so that fishey fellows might attain a
prominence such as when the public is calm e
nough to see straight, they always labor in vain
to reach. Broese, of 111., made the speech of
that day on the Ten Regiment Bill.
In the House on Monday, after receiving res
olutions they went into Committee on the Loan
Bill, and Duer, of New York, and Simms, of
South Carolina, made general political speeches.
Duer took the ground that our resolutions of An
nexation combined a definite declaration of war
against Mexico! If this be true, his friends
should long since have moved articles of im
peachment, against the President for failures to
prosecute the war on our part, before the exis
tence of this state of things, inducing the Whigs
to vote that “the war was commenced by the
act of Mexico.” Simms proved himself as
strong as sound. lie has much of the turn and
character of mind of his Uncle, the late Gen. G.
C. Dromgoole.
On Tuesday after Mr. Yuiee had entertained
the members of the Senate present, with anoth
er half hour of his speech against the principle
of Dickinson’s resolutions, Mr. Upham,a prosy
genius,made his anti-war speech on the Ten Reg
iment Bill. Dickinson, by the way, poked fun
at Yuiee in the shape ofthe resolutions of sundry
Democratic meetings in Florida, Alabama, Vir
ginia, and Louisiana, the resolution ofthe Geor
gia Democratic State Convention, and the able
article in the Southern Quarterly Review, from
the pen of R. Barnwell Rhett, all endorsing the
very doctrine against which Y. was preaching.
In the House on Tuesday, by the votes of the
Democrats and the Whigs on the Committee of
Ways and Means, it was agreed to take the loan
bill out of Committee at 2, p.'m.,on the next
day. Crazier made the first speech on that day ;
a tirade of abuseofthe Administration, in which
he repeated “ the President” more than one
hundred and eighty times,according to the count
ot sundry wags who kept tally by way of a joke.
Good Lordy ! Mr. C. can hardly dream of any
other Ogre save “the Duck River Colonel.” How
triumphantly does this constant stream of Con
gressional Federal abuse against the Executive
disprove their allegation that he is a second rate
man 7
Geo. S. Houston, of Alabama, made the sec
ond speech of the day, confining his remarks to
the subject literally before the committee. Mr.
Houston, emphatically a man of facts and figures
and therefore a safe man, may well be proud of
his complete triumph over Vinton, whose garb
lings and quibbles are just now being relied on
by the opposition, to aid in making the desired
panic. -
I cannot essay to sketch a refutation of the so
phisms—unfounded deductions —and unfair quo
tations with which Vinton opened the debate,for
it was repletewith statistical statements and cal
culations. I trust you will spread his efforts be
fore your readers, it being indeed an antidote to
the poison of Mr. Chairman of the Commit
tee of Ways and Means, which besides being
franked from this city by thousands in all direc
tions, is being re-published by half the Federal
papers in the land. Hudson, of Mass., —Parson
Hudson—who can “ beat Tom Pepper who beat
the devil,” on a certain occasion and at an un
mentionable game, followed Houston, and Nich
oll, of New York, closed the day’s debate. The
last mentioned, anew member, made one of the
best speeches of the session.
On Wednesday, in the Senate,Crittenden “put
his foot in it” by way of making Taylor capital.
He undertook to upbraid Hale for standing out,
alone of the opposition, against the resolutions
of thanks to Gen. Taylor, Hale replied in a far
better speech than it was thought he could deliv
er. The truth is he had a stronger platform to
stand on than any Whig of the Senate.—
He retaliated fiercely upon C., declaring that
though amenable il> the ciiarga of being an Abo
litionist, and an opponent of bis countiy’s war, j
he was no hypocrite —voting as he spoke. lie
scathed Crittenden and the other Whigs for spen-.
ding weeks and months in denouncing the war
as murder and robbery, and then for a partisan
end, wheeling round and voting the thanks of the
country to the chief murder and robber of them
all f Foote followed Hale (on these resolutions
of thanks,) and delivered one of his very best
speeches- He went to work to show that the
difference between Hale and Crittenden was in
•point of fact, but a tweedle dee and tweedle
dum affair.
As both were essentially opposed to the fur
ther prosecution of the war, and were giving
practical aid and undisguised comfort to the en
em. In the course of his speech, he declared
that Corwin ought to be hung, as he would have
been under any other Government!
This .debate occupied the Senate’s session of
that day. On the same day the nomination of
Victor A. Piolet, of Pa., to be a paymaster was
rejectod. He is now on duty in Mexico.
In the House, on Wednesday, we had speech
es on the Loan Bill, before the rose,
from Morehead,Pollock,and Vinton. An amend
ment providing that none of the money raised
should be spent in the further prosecution of the
war, received 24 Whig votes, nad was of course ,
lost.
I commend to your readers the eflort of Gen.
Rusk of Texas,delivered in the Senate on Thurs
day on the Ten Regiment Bill. He came to
Washington enjoying no very great reputation as
a debater, and has taken the public of this city
by surprise. I may salely say that no more able
effort on either side has marked this contest of
great and subtle minds. His chief point of ex
cellency was the vast flood of light and store of
information as to points of much importance in
the premises of which himself and colleague on
ly, of the Senate, are possessed. This was with
reference to the boundary question, as affected
by the earlier relations between Texas and Mex
ico, and the outrages committed by the latter,
through a long series of years, on the commerce
and citizens of the United States.
He cited much new and hitherto unquoted au
thority to prove the completeness of our title
to the Rio Grande. Among other documents re
ferred toby Senator R., was Santa Anna’s report
to his Government, giving his account of the bat
tle of Buena Vista, in which he speaks of his
refusal to treat “ until the American forces were
withdrawn to their own territory —to some point
east of the Rio Grande
Gen. Rusk, then the Texian Secretary of War,
commanded the Texas Army after Houston was
wounded at San Jacinto. It was his task to fol
low.Filasola from San Jacinto, or rather from
the Brazos to the Rio Bravo. By the treaty (ac
knowledging the boundary to be the latter river)
it was stipulated that Filasola’s army of some
seven thousand men, should be permitted to re
tire out of Texas unattacked. They did thus
retire and Rusk followed them, keeping a day’s
march in the rear, camping each night where Fi.
lasola had camped the night previous. He thus
escorted F., as it were, out of the Lone Star Re
public—not harming a hair 0/ the head of a
Mexican on the march. He had great difficulty
in preventing the more adventurous of his troops
from coining into collision,but managed the task,
however.
His want of previous fame as a debater, arose
from the f%ct that his manner and matter are far
more appropriate to the body of which he is
now a member, that to the Court House or stump
of the wild West. Thus it was with Jefferson
Davis, who did not rank at home, or in the House,
as a man of more than ordinary oratorical abili
ties ; whereas, be proves in the Senate to be ful
ly equal to a contest with either of the master
minds of the opposition.
As I wrote you would be the case, five Whigs
in the House voted on Thursday (when the Loan
Bill was passed without the Treasury Note fea
ture.) for the amendment of Gen. McKay, (to
the Loan Bill,) authorizing the optional use of
Treasury Notes. Unfortunately, two or three of
our friends though anxious to effect the enactment
of this so necessary amendment too, though
about the House, omitted to pass through the
tellers until too late to have their votes counted.
The amendment was thus voted down by one
majority. The days session was devoted to vo
ting ‘on the various amendments proposed. I
feel assured that this feature will mark the bill
as finally passed by Congress. The Senate will
thus amend it, and our friends will be more care
ful to be in their seats when it is returned to the
House.
The opposition was yesterday rubbing its
hands over the rumored action of the Utica
Convention, with regard to the commander of
the Army of Occupation. On the morning pre
vious it was mad with joy over the diversion in
the commander’s favor, essayed upon the De
mocracy of the South, by Mr. Calhoun, through
Mr. Yulee. Alas! for its hopes in that quarter,
however, for that savagely sharp man, Foote,
has already spiked this Foote’s effort
of the day before, when he sort o’ knockd the
heads of Crittenden and Hale together, for half
an hour, to the infinite amusement of the Senate,
was not more scathing and scorching than his
philippic in reply to Yulee’s attempt virtually to
sustain the doctrines on which the provisoists
reiy to justify their efforts to create sectional
parties. On the part of the South F. distinctly
repudiated Y.’s war on the friends of the Con
stitution at the North ; and in glaring colors he
exhibited to view the strict identity between
the character, tendency, and probable result of
the labors of Messrs. Yulee and Wilmot, whose
paws may secure the chesnut for someone, un
less burnt to a crisp in the attempt.
Indeed, we may write down this last abstrac
tion of Mr. Calhoun as a total failure, although
many of the Whigs knowing it to be intended for
the benefit of the commander of the Army of
Occupation, will vote for it as an amendment op
the resolutions of Senator Dickinson.
On that day (Friday) the House, after discus
sion, passed the bill for the relief of the heirs of
John Paul Jones.
On Saturday neither House met.
The Court Martial found Fremont guilty of
Mutiny, and sentenced him to be cashiered.—
There was some considerable division as to this
finding. A majority of the Court recommended
his case to the consideration of the Executive.
The President approved the sentence except the
finding of “ Mutiny.” He carried out the sen
tence and then the recommendation of the ma
jority, by reinstating Lt. Col. F. and ordering
him to the seat of war. Thereupon F. resigned,
alledging that not to do so would be to acknowl
edge the justice of the decision of the Court. He
is therefore now a private citizen.
Very important despatches reached here last
evening by the hands of the Army Correspondent
of the N. O. Delta, Mr. Freaner, (who writes
over the signature of Mustang.) It is thought
that they announce the ratification of a treaty
signed by Gen. Scott, (with which Trist had noth
ing to do.) It is said to provide that a division of
our army shall remain in Mexico for a consider
able time. This division to be 12,000 strong. —
To secure us the territorial indemnity at first de
manded by the President, (California and New
Mexico,) with the Rio Grande for the boundary.
Under it we are to pay little or nothing in money,
instead of the fifteen millions at first talked of.
Heretofore, I have been a. thorough skeptic
with reference to these treaty rumors, I place
confidence in this, however. LOWNDES.
Whol* x&aist. —The following letters speak
for fnd explain themselves.
Mill edgevh.ee Feb. 17th 1848".
Forsyth Niles & Eilis.
am commissioned by Mr. ,
to request you to send him your paper. Since
nsy residence here I have been in the habit of
handing him ihy papers for perusal, and as usual
1 handed him this morning the Columbus Tinies
o. the 15th inst. So soon as he had read the ar
ticle headed “Too-anti-Calhounish” in which
mention is made of a subscriber in Merriwether
County having stopped the Times because of its
Editors £t preferring the integrity and principles of
the Democratic party to the whims and caprices
of Mr. Calhoun or any other man,” he walked
into my office where ,1 sat, and requested me to
w rite immediately for the paper so discontinued.
H remarked he had been a whig all his life till
now-. But that whigism, Federalism and Toryism
were so completely blinded that he is no longer
a whig, and begs he may supply the place of
the Calhounite in your list of subscribers.
Enclosed I send you the price of subscription
for one year.
Respectfully yours ob’t servant.
To the Editor of the Times:
Dear Sir-—Here is a,’ old fashion Andrew Jack
son democratic subscriber for your paper to sup
ply the placeofyourMerriwether Calhoun friend.
Send your paper to Mr. , and I will send
another name soon. Money enclosed..
Yours Respectfully
Glenville Ala. Feb. 18, 1843.
[yon THE TIMES.]
MUSCOGEE RAIL-ROAD.
Mr. Forsyth—ln your last number you indulge
n some censures upon us who oppose the com
mencement of the Road at Barnesville,and tin ugh
you do not in direct terms attack our integrity,
yet you use language of such strong implication
against our good faith, that a reply becomes ne
cessary not only to show that we have not re
fused to comply with our engagements but (hat
neither you or the Directors, whose miserable
suicidal policy you advocate, understand the
true interests of our city. I will meet this sub
ject candidly and farily in all its bearings, but
must first be permitted to vindicate our conduct
against the ungenerous imputation of “ being
lightened out of their wits, - ’ “ the legitimacy in
point* of ‘morals and of law of this novel species
of repudiation,” &c.. &c., which you have been
pleased to cast upon us, but which in charity to
your general urbanity and kindness of feeling, I
hope was done without much reflection.
We have neither been frightened out of our
wits or faithless to our engagements. We “ re
cusants” have refused and will continue to re
fuse to pay any money for the absurd purpose of
commencing a Road at Barnesville, for the best
reason imaginable,—that we have never entered
into the slightest obligation to do so. We sub
scribed under the charter authorizing a Road
from Columbus to Barnesville* We, or a por
tion ol us at least, have paid five per cent on
our stock, to meet all the preliminary expenses,
although we had ascertained previously to the
payment that the Directors had determined upon
the ruinous policy of commencing at the wrong
end. We felt in honor bound tc make this pay
ment because it was proper, of course, to survey
the whole route. We have then faithfully met
and discharged all our obligations either expiess
or implied.
The objection to beginning and completing
the Road from Barnesville under the charter is
neither captious or technical, bnt is founded in
substuuee as the effects and consequences are ad
mitted .to be wholly different. Ths argument
used to justify or more properly to palliate and
excuse swch a project—that the Road will make
more money in the course of construction by the
conveyance of a great deal of Cotton, which
would olherwisc come to Columbus, is of itself
conclusive that the deleterious effects upon the
commerce of Columbus, by adopting that point
of commencement and completion, reverses the
whole object of the charter, and consequently
the object of our subscriptions. I admit,without
hesitation, the truth of the position that the Road
would be more profitable on account of an equit
able arrangement with the Macon & Western
Road to run their cars upon it, and the cotton it
would bear off; but the additional profits would
be limited entirely to th se tyro rfburcen, as we
should receive the same patronage at this end
afforded by travel, by mails, and the transporta
tion of goods as at the other; thjs ia proven
beyond question or doubt by reference to th® op
erations on the Montgomery Road; as soon as a
small portion of it was completed, the stages and
mails met it; goods also to our knowledge were
sent to the temporary terminus, —as that Road
progressed ten miles, the stages mails, and wag
ons continued to meet it: this would be the same
case with our Road—the same profits identically
would l>e taken at this end as at the other, with
the exception of those reaped from cotton meeting
the Road, which I am free to admit together
with the temporaiy use of the cars and engines
of the Macon & Western Road would enhance
the profits of the Road while in the course of
construction ; bat the corresponding injury done
to the city of Columbus by abstracting so much
of her cotton trade, would greatly overbalance
all the advantages derived from these sources.—
Moreover the company might fail to complete
the Rood, and this ought to be looked to by
prudent men, for this is a large undertaking, and
alter we have spent all cur money, we can do no
more, and if it should be unfinished, and we are
positively unable to complete it to our city, then
the greater distance it may be dflhpleted from
Barnesville the greater the injury to the city.—
It is our opinion that more injury will result to
the city by a commencement at the other end,
than benefit to the Road, independent of the haz
aid we run of a failure to complete, in any rea
sonable time, the whole line; and whi'e it must
be admitted that the Object of the charter is to
advance the commercial facilities of the city, and
that a failure to complete the whole line from
Barnesville, would be death to our prospects; I
think you may well discover such a material dif
ference in the point of commencement, as may
justify honorable men for being “ Recusants ’ to
the new project of commencing at Barnesvile,
without imputing to them either self-willed obsti
nacy, or a want of a proper sense of legal or
moral propriety.
“ Repudiation” is an (dious word and is some
t mes artfully employed to compel States as well
as individuals to pay claims which-neilher law
or honor requires; but we never fear wordewben
we are right—the shafts of ridicule fall harmless
upon men who are conscious of the purity of
their purposes, as well as the superiority of their
views. The subsCiipfions of stock were made
a year ago when a commencement at Barnesville
to benefit Columbus, would have been looked
upon as the vagary of a distempered brain.—
The charter contemplates just the reverse we
subscribed under the charter, and when the di
rection shall be rash enough to continue their
ruinous policy, and attempt to force the collec
tion either of Texes or subscriptions, you will
find that the courts will hardly sustain your
strictures, but will decide that there is in our
refusa} “ a legitimacy {both) in point of morals
and of law,”
Having cleared our skirts of all dishonor;
now that we are upon the subject allow
me, without any imputation upon who
differ with us in opinion, to enter upon the com
parative merits of the routes which have been
proposed. This is an important subject, and
should be treated with deliberation and scrutiny
in all its bearings, and in the discussion of it I
must object to the influence of that hot haste
which impels some of our ‘citizens to vociforate
“ begin, begin, no matter where you begin or
how you begin, begin.” The direction should
look well to the interests and feelings of our fel
low-citizens in other sections, and to provide
against the rivalry of our commerce as well as
the rivalry which may successfully be put in mo
tion against the Road itself; consequently the
point of commencement and the route to be ta
ken, present considerations of such vital impor
tance as to involve in themselves the essentials
of the whole subject.
A mistake in the route would be irreparable,
and therefore those gentlemen who insist upon
a Road “to any where,” or “from anywhere,”
as many would have it, are, in nry judgment,
very unsafe advisers. I have advanced the opin
ion, that a bona fide and vigorous commence
ment of the Road at Columbus would be the
safest, as in the event of a protracted work or a
failure on account of the magnitude of the un
dertaking, we should not then endanger the loss
of the commerce of our own neighborhood, let
(us first lake care of what we have, and not like
JEaop’s dog, let go his substantial bit to catch at
its shadow. A judicious choice of routes is of
course admitted on all,bands to be the next cob
sideratioft, and itcar.not be denied, that the route
which can be accomplished with equal esse, and
which does the least injury to our neighboring
wagon trade, and which is the least liable to a
rival Road, ought to be selected,, provided that
route will afford equal facilities to the up-coun
try and the Atlantic. All will agree to this
proposition, but the controversy waxes warm
when we attempt to define such a routs. J
will mow demonstrate that the lower route has
these advantages. I must be understood to
mean by the lower route, that by the volley of
Bull creek and the Upatoie, to meet Flint River
at the mouth of Richland creek, and not the
Pond Town connection, to which we are as much
opposed as you are. Indeed I have never known
but one single man to express himself favorabl*
to that out of the way connection. It is to b
deplored that the compromise once spoken of
between the Georgia and the Central Road to
unite at Barnesville, and have but one crossing
of the State, upon the great line to New-Qr
leans, was not agreed to by all parties,as it would
have saved to the State some millions of expen*>
diture in unprofitable rivalry. But we must b
influenced by the circumstances as they exist,
and have it in our power by selecting the lower
route, not only to prevent the expenditure of a
large portion of this vast amount of money; but
if we are awake to our interest, it may be fortu*
nate for us that the compromise was not con*
summated, as we wiil by the rivalry of these
Roads, have a direct connection with Barnes*-
ville, as well as with Macon, by making a Road
at most of only forty-five miles. If my feebls
councils could be heard I would commence at Co
lumbus, and proceed upon the lower route, be
cause it would give almost universal sati*.
faction—the people would voluntarily pay •
tax sufficient to pay the interest on the bond*—
(and that would lie enough,) and that is ail you
can ever hope to get, for whenever the Directorsrs
sort to force, they will lose all, and bond*
will have no credit, siucc no substantial provis
ion can be made to pay the imerest, except by
the common consent of the people.
In taking this route we avoid the injury don#
to our trade upon the upper route, for upon the
presumption that our cotton will seek an Atlan
tic market, Eilerslie and Talbotton will be dan
gerous depots. You have remarked that Griffin
has already taken 10,0110 bales of our cotton.
Upon your own premises will you tell me why
Talbotton particularly should not be a more dan
gerous rival ?—that town would be a perfect sap
per and miner. Monterey did not suffer more
by the sappers and miners under Gent Worth,
than Columbus will do from Talbotton, in the
event that disasterous choice of the upper route
is persisted in.
But it is said these roads are only seven or
eight miles apart, and their effect will be the
same. This is an egregious error—s wagon,
coming to Eilerslie would have to travel down
eight miles to the road on the lower route, when
it would be but 16 miles to the city. The own
er ol the cotton would prefer faking it to town
at once, than the saving this small distance, but
when they are already on the Rail-Road with
the cotton, they would prefer stopping there to
travel the sixteen miles, but this inconvenience
of greater distance which cotton would havs t*
travel to the lower route, is but a trifling consul*
eration, compared with other views, to prevent
cotton, stopping on the way. I would m*k*
Columbus the best possible cotton market, which
its position enables it to be, by having * direct
connection with the South-western road upon
the straight line to Macon, which would so fa*
cilitate its transportation to Savannah by pvoid
ing the portage at Macon, and the saving of 14
miles in distance, as to make the price here com
mand the trade, which wo would otherwise lose.
If you wish to add to the commerce of Co
lumbus or retain its present trade, I ask you can
didly, if it would not be wise to direct our efforts
to advance the price of cotton ? You cap do
this in no other way than by cheapening its
transportation to the Atlantic to the greatest si
lent. Is tbeie any way socheap as the straight
way J and that without unloading our cars, for
there is no portage at Macon oh the South-western
road—There ia as yet nothing don*, and it is
fortunate that nothing has been don*. Savan
nah and the Central road, which is really in
substance the South-wosiern road, muss see that
it is their interest to meet you half way on this
direct line, as she would secure piore by such a
connection than she could possibly gain by all
her South-western branches. Sho would then
in rny opinion abandon any further operations to
the South-west, as they can never pay or in
crease her trade but little. But suppose sh*pro
ceeded with her road South-west alter a junc
tion with us, we would suffer no more than wo
will suffer, if she proceeds without a connection
with ua.
By adopting the lower route, we have a chance
and a very good chance of stopping that road,
but if we adhere to the upper route, we must
encounter their rivalry, which will be more seri
ous in its consequences than many apprehend.
Why then object to the lower roule, since it i*
admitted to be $40,000 dollars cheaper, and the
advantages I have presented for it, over the up
per, cannot be controverted ? J will tell you —It
is because of the settled purpose of a portion ol
the direction to my knowledge, and which I can
prove, to take the road upon such route as shall
forbid its junction with the South-western road,
even though that road may be brought straight
from Macon. This is a capital error, and the
people interested should interpose to correct it.
We should iook to our own interest, and not
submit to the expense of a half million to re
lieve the Charleston and Georgia road from the
necessity of building their portions of this great
thoroughfare, for as sure as we live, as a gentle
man has already demonstrated over the signa
ture of “ Up-town Man,” Charleston and Au
gusta must make that end of the road, if Savan
nah should connect with us upon the straight
Jine, or they will lose ali the travel, for the great
New Orleans and New York route, must forever,
from our position, run through this place. Thin
resolution of a purl of the direction (not to per
mit a direct connection with Macon,) is the true
secret of all the opposition to the lower route.
If we can build a road of but 45 miles, would
it not be better for us, if we thereby secure both
connections, prevent the South-western way,
and build it 5r>40,0C0 cheaper ? If we take the
lower route there is at least a fair prospect lor
all these advantages, but if we should lail in my
calculations on these favorable connection®—
are we in a worse condition than if we had ta
ken the upper I By no means. We are still
decidedly upon the safest ground ; we avoid
these dangerous depots; we build the road
cheaper; we repair it cheaper, and run our cars
cheaper, on account of the abundance of timber
and fuel, v'hich is admitted to he scarce upon
the upper route ; but all these advantages in the
way of the cheapness of building and repairing
and running machinery, dwindle into insignifi
cance, compared with the danger of your whole
road being almost destroyed by the rivalry of
the Savannah road.
Suppose you adhere to your upper route, and
Mr. CJuyler chooses to start straight from Macon,
under his own charter to this place, and joins
with the South-western people, whose interest
it will be even if they extend their road to Fort
Gaines to bear to and from us all our commorce,
Mr. Cuyler’s road coming straight here, ap
proved and aided by all the people even
of our own county upon the line, together with
the “Recusants”—Where then stands your
road? you will not be aile to compete with
such a road a single year : The whole stock,
town subscription, and ali. would be lost, yet not
withstanding this may be hooted at, it is a result
that I confidently look for, if this exclusive
Augusta and Charleston connection is persisted in.
It is ridiculous to contemn Savannah or the
Central road ; they have more power than we
possess; our travel and trade is of value both to
the city and her road and shall we be week
enough to suppose, that she will sit by and si
lently permit our direction to take such a route
as shall throw every thing that they can in the
lap of Augusta and Charleston? Those who rrake
these calculations will be mistaken, for she he*
a charter, and the power to come direct, and Jti
her interest to do so, particularly when she
would have to build the road only about 60 mil**,
for you may rest assured that there arc men m
this county who can and will grade the road 3
miles, as well as place thereon the superstruc
ture. Savannah would well afford to furrm-P