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the weekly times. 0 n \'i r oß~3jy~ : r ‘I EDITOR prjRSVTH, H. ELLIS & CO., ’ proprietors: •"^wKVTIMES Is published every Tuesday per annum, in advance, or Three 1 M, ’ n fiiifend° l ' ll,o -v,",r ---80lU r -‘ j1 ’ tr t.WEEKLY TIMES, ” WEDNESDAY and FIUDAY Moni- Evening office on the West lsts 1 “ T-street, n.'arlj opposite V\ inter s Exchange. ,|,le “f Dn TKRMS* , - ner annum in ndvaiicc. or Fix Dollars Fiv‘ !> j-gr” No paper will ho discontinued ... .v m " 11 arc due, unless at the option of the an**’ nff(>u*9 *.',.. r er ,rs- <T!I conapicnoulsty inserted at Ow: Doi.- p i n r(* Tli r,,r the lirst insertion, and Fifty Ousts J Patent continuance. ,fi'O _. v,dices exceeding one square or eleven tines. TlM ES JOB PRINTING OFFICE, , .riuti'ia ofJoh Work, either Plain, in Col t.'TX,, '‘ srn J.i,. r u! ,tly andjiromptly executed, such as Pamphlets, !<•***’ Cards, Visiting Cards, Unsia*’* - . Notes, Bill 11 *, ’ mils of leading, iieedP**’ .i, 3 . Circulars, lU k(:l,f Hand Bills, i* J l iviag heen lately furnished with a large office n ’ “.. ~,,.„prisiiig some of the most elegant • v "„.7,r,"ti.'i r e>l to execute all kinds of Job excelled. p'<4 l!l ~|3 r tv invite the attention or our merchants heretofore ordered their work from „|,r specimens. , Mn .irtl’ tl art . c the lowest possible rates. Dr ier P n ” friends will be ptomptly attended *• Forms of every description, kept on hand fil'd *ft 1 MILITARY INSTITUTE ffBOK 31 ahiktta, a. -,il„*lit'iti<"> Will be open for the admission of T in T-I mi Mosiiav Tile .Til or Ji i.v, ISM. 1’ V ,ihiii,m is owned bj Ftocklioklers, and is under W'KS lL.nl “f Truslees. un - iiv of M:j. A. \. Hnnnbv, T,rl u- \n.istroiu.', M;:. I). 11. llil! ami Tlioinrw ™ M. I>. I'w*"'; uiont. Mill. Brumby, \< a irr.-uluate ol \ ( . :l ,j 4 *mlc Staff of that Institution; and, l " l<fr n tic Ksirullv of the I’uiversity of Alabama. ii“- ir ,-Ii Matiicinatics and • “nil Engineering t-c\ tli'™ ‘*■ vmistrong anil Maj. Hill are also gr.id mlfr •, (~,and are experienced teachers. “t this lime Profess,r of Malliemalics in .ruction, nufiilations and discipline of AT* Military Academy, so far as I hey are applies xute lusliP"ion. have been adopt,si, and will &„slin paitipl.lct Ibrin. X lestitatiei. is organized upon the usual plan of .■ IWriate I‘lasses. Itv reference to the following FTfl.lt>. Parents and Itnardians can, H, v .hat are the requirements for joining either ,l oner, ice o •l*"’ focrtti CLASS. i ,i, At",,lira, l.'eonietrv, Knglish Crain mar, *SS?yyfrn.mllh.cia,, U ,to,,. French “Ho r • Til Util >T.aSS. Mensuration, Surveying. Descriptive Jldri applicalieiis. Analytical (o-mnelry, {J5k, llls " ,r - v - OifrlwitW Inb'Tai’f'.lc ilus, Natural and F.xjmri tlap,,ilesnnliv, Aslroitoinv. C liennslry. Drawlin', l-.v- Moral a,at Mental Pbitoaophy. rtus'r > lass. x,i„rl llis'orv. Mineralogy, (tclogy and pl.ysi,,|„gy, sS'd tViiiioiliv. I.:i‘.v of Nations, Civil and Military tviwriuit.and t'ivil Architecture, Intnntry lactics, L ‘m anill'rictice -I’ Artillery. V I'ailel sill ls‘ admitted who is less Ilian fourteen ornatetliiui tweiity-fiv. years of age :or who is : lliiet rl.illt tty disease „r infirmity “Inch would remit- I, ittiili for military duty. h TVri.M*wilHM ; l nlKWit one hour ami a wfeachday in military exercises: tut at such time: “ s |FORM.’V CRNITURK. X'. TteFiiiMuc,insists ~i a light gray cloth coatee, triin •e,| with gilt convex lmttiiiis and b.aek cord—white aid while If'issian drilling pantiiloous. wilho.i irtin'mitigs I'.s-miin.T. For winter, gray cloth vest and Miitakmns. triinnesi to suit the coat -lilack slock, white p|i,„s:u.il while belt —Monroe shoes and a forage cap V. drrsr cnV t,r tnnu, : ;>or t e.U Carets hr Umi U t'r> M'r r/othntff . (Arr .•*. Each ,t a let fnni 1 Atnur i:iu*t |>rovMc him wlf :i ui:itlv.s i|ljfiWivi-ii imitlris covor nml trap-o,e trank, one cle*‘s hag and six towels. FifU<"idet will unite with his i •oin-ina!es til pureiias ing. for tliorr remit use. one pine table, one looking glass, one wash pan.-me pail :<■><*."> c broom olthcli.llowiim regulations, tmrents andguar- Ji,r. sendingtlicir sons and wards to this Institution, are a, to fieiio.it with the Superintendent, or w itli some Mtie trims’ in Marietta, a sum of money sufficient to liurcliiw the alsive irtieles, and to cover all necessary ex w ,for„ne Session: irthe Supeni.temleiit should bo sutlioriml, in xritivp. b. How the < inlet to make an ac Piunttfir a. *m. The regulation referred to is :< followv viz: fvcrv Cadet sliail .eep a small blank b, in which sliail be elmreed every .rticle lie may niirrlu*,. This I sliail Ue turned over lot!.-tiper- Intemlent for his inspection at the end of every month. Am Cadet win. shall contract a debt without permis siiui„f Ihr Siiperiiilcmieiit. or tie rnislusl with any nr lirlf whatever. I.v am storekeeper or other person, vith uni.iwli |ieniii.ssioii, or whose parent or guardian shall pn itv debt contract,sl by I,ini during Ids eonnecti.m with llir institute, and in violation ol this regulation, i!iall )>e dismiHSiil. TF.KMf*. Tuition, Boanl. Wnshinir, Fue* itfl-l-S r>‘*M Mnxtr, imlmiotiicr[|kT ,*}*sun l five montm 00 Tuition aloneJfor rt*i<l*Mf p*r Somluii, -• oo KifU Muv.r and othrr mntiuvroiifs, • * * ~WI Anv ('atlcf fiitcrimr the Institute tlu* (•oininonri mMiiofa will Im* ch:ir;rt*tl in proportion to the ■lwve n*U*v These chirg*.< must h* jniJ in ‘mif iner for illcvppnvr, fX'wpt the feo for tuition. Kv*ry kivinjjf thr Imtituto before the rxpinition of the p?ri o*l for wltidi lie liar< nnulc :m u'lvanoi*, shttll receive the iinlHiu***. JjTTlir Fdlitor of any in *!oors:in, ?outh I’nrulina, Floritln, Alabaiii:i, or Tt*iincM}*cc, by thin atlwriisoment in bi.i paper, ami Hi*inlintf h fp. Wfiilarly to thr M i.*i'oria Alilitarv Timtitlit***” shall lif fntitJod to tuition ftr one (-ailot, or his I rft at the rate of twmity-.lvo dollars per session, payable it’ tui tkn, ami iu favor of am will h aovpU*l. DAVID IJvWIX. Jmc— la—jylHJ ProVt i’oarl Trustee CAUTION. r PIIK Fol'imlm* In* House hnvinir boon offered nt I nhfhinn-l n*!il)el of the money drrtwor, ronlaininif ariHui'lenlile number of lee Tickets: tlu* public is cau- Wimsl aiininst tradim; for the same. The present isssie •ililvcaiuvllel. /; n.i it l : holders of tickets are known, Mth*y will p’ease pre* v.t them for rt;>lesiij*t ion at tile \r I!h ■<*, Front street, Oct h\-tf IV. CH. IbTLW Jjrcnt. COLUMBUS SKV-UGIIT DAGURREAN GALLERY. h 3 inm •- :-fcst mm • “ B,f4ai > r Mgm\ ’■d On the comer of* Broad ami Kaiulopll Streets. Ml:. MYG.ITTS DRY GOOD STOIIF. I IkMd.Y respect ft illy announces to the citizens <f • ( fthitnhu* and vicinity, that he has taken the above K'in*.fiir one year, and tilted tin tn up in a style inferior kuioiu. in the State of (.’eonpa. ‘lt is HrejeuiMl to take I):\sfuerr'otvpe ir a J'.vlc that tor beauty and accuracy of delineation cam ot he surpassed bv anv establishment in the south. His < a jK'nn an* of the latest improvement, which will ena! le mh i lake likenesses either full, half, quarter, ormetlii m |; w. which lie will pul npinthe best quality of cases, or >'• runes as tnav suit the taste of the purchaser. No |er ‘ ‘■i ‘Mltiag fora Miniature will he required to take it in l ‘; v 11 i* a correct anil satisfactory likeness at the time it is I/ikcncsscs of sick or decease.! persons ta-.kei at “•* r r^iitenees. s** Instructions “Sveniu the Art, and all necessary apparatus furnishc*d. I'* Gold I.Mel;**ts, Breast Pins and Finurer Kin *s ol J descriptions suitable for Miniatures, cheap as ca i l>c b, *’Usjd iu the state. ta<niinetit* of the best quality, with necessary lb teres ‘pother with P.-ruerrcan stock of every description, on ti.'iiul <uid for sale. .Also, anew style ol Ca which he will sell on reasonable terms. ™turvs warranted not to fade, if properly taken care A premium of Ten Hollars will he given to any I' l '- 'ii a miniature o. his which has faded, atilt** should dress in black, or in rich dark figures, ( enthjinen with biack scarfs and vests. Hie Ladies and iwiitlemcii of ( olumbus and vicinity r r ' , '|H l ctfuliv invited to call at his rooms and examine fpV |s- l | llr,lncc o,l ßroad or Randolph streets. 0 SSO Reward y'’LRN from my plantation near Goodman's Gross j.yjfK in Harris county, on the -il instant, a DARK ih f about ten years old, with a little white in infn^ 0 ’ ■•• o hind foot. I have-reasons to think, fr-in I'irutu,., derived from others, that a xemcman about *f \V rn with fair skin and light hair, by the name li!.rv LLIVH is the individual who took said i'illifive Fifty Dollars for the recovery of said horse i}.„ i u * conviction of the thief; ami for the recovery of * lor c state l will give a liberal reward. „ SM ., AARON GOODMAN. Sept. ?5. IffSl. propiirt? foi* s aus 1 RIOHX IK U SE."—This well known |>ro SoJr.. ‘ ‘“hinted on the Northeast corner of the I*ublic rj l , htwu of Lumpkin, Stewart County, is of ln., W|l j a reduced price. The House is so well ih. p r , I K . N,llth -'vesU-rn Keorgia, that it is deemed by here, T ’> ,nel, ' r unnecessary to say anything in its praise Th. n’U , bsve tried *t, can speak for themselves itiv Hon ?’ , ‘** “'““I a run ‘if the transient custom as andiei ~ helow Columbus, in the State. Ttie F.ufaula •inr"'’?*W* make this tlieir eating house, for *'bieh -ir.. 1 . ,r, .; lk, r’ 5 '’ ‘ lurc aro sixteen rooms in it, tiihtre. ueal iy, but not costly furnished, with new fur ti,i if. .** be sold low for cash, or on •"‘“Helves, or addr“^ haSCr ’ caU and exi,minc for -igjffljn, Ha.Juiy'n! l l^T.-|f Rlr,llT ’ , ' r ° l,rie,or - BElthjq, BELTINS riELTING! 1 ‘“-xemmo,? 0 ? havi ?r obtained the Agency of a •Wir lW r,,s s3 o n “‘-’ “J” I *-*’ :iro Pf'-Pared to offer to heic of Patent 4,3 , ,' U P'/bhc generally, a superior or fwttteei, inches , ' t ‘ ! ! ,her Is '-ltmg, from two to ‘ a >iiaciion_m,"y ul, I h ’ <lwarranted to give entire ‘bis market- \t!l, L ow '‘ r ,I,a ” ever before oßfered in •Mt,„nU’ hataJ, a gnotl lot of the Ruhber to . r a machhw.n“or‘ Perso,,s wisl ' in h’ for Belting U H SiMl j/ m . i P , :ln,en * WL,h fr C.in Bands, h' r *hl lot of Belt i,?.| H Wrest l| s a call. Also, a land. aud Harness Leather kept cotutnntlv n htayu_ w] 1- vVELLS t CO, <H|lj£ Stilus® VOLUME XI. j GEORGIA & ALABAMA ALMANAC FOR 1852. r T*"E umlersigraal are now publishing, and will soon be 1 ready to till all orders for the OF.ORGI.I &. .11..1R.1M.1 HIJU.IXAC FOR 1852, Calculated fer the meridian and horizon of Columbus, <ta., containing, in additi-.;i lo tlie Astronomical calcula tions, extensive F.xe>- itive. Judicial and lavislative (sta tistics of the (Government of tlie CniteJ (states ; tlie State (.overmnents o d.eorgia ami Alabama ; tlie Census of IF-iti. giving fie population of each State and of each County in (Cjorgia and Alabama, besides a large amount of other valuable information such as is usually contain ed in Almanacs. Tlie whole arranged, and tile Astro* . < atciilations, after the style of GRIF.R'. S’ .11.- M.iX. K . * briers are respectfully solicited from Ib.ok veller and Mer-hants. especially from West (ieorgia and East Alabama •imi they will be litleil at tlie lowest cash rates A. C. FI.EWF.EI.KN &. Ctt. auglltl. Colttmhuj G-. THK |-|s| CRICINAI. ANI) GENUINE DR TowITS3ND 'S ifpo” o U” eoMPOi sD ;! CO EXTRACT OF SARSAPARIT.I..V !| lb, Ok. snow inanufacturtsl under tlie inline l Q 5 J_j ‘Hate direction of the well known ej °O O - - II EM IST AND I'll YSI Cl AN James R. Chilton, -H (si *f Xew Vork, whine cortllhruh* printnl W] n <lreen Paper, will be fotnul on the > tsj | tt***Me wrapper of each bottle. This •T* OtD I to prevent the possibility of any “H nistake or <pieitioii as to its genuine- Dr. S. P, TownsemPs Sarsaparilla is warranted to pose*>s more nn*lieal Virtues in one bottle tliau in six bottles of any other so called Preparations of Sarsapa rilla. and to KEEP GOOD FOR ANY I, E MI T IMI f TIME, IN ALT* <'Ll MATES. Tins Medicine has cured more persons of different dis eases (such as mentioned below) than all the other ad vertised Medicines put together, Scrofula, Dyspepsia, Stubborn Ulcers, <'•itiveness, Klfects of Mercury, Skin Disease*. Fe%er Sores, 1 aver ('oiuplaint, Fry si | >elas, D r*psy, Utieumatisin, Him;worm, A'aUrhemn, Caeueral Debility, Heart Diseases. Solil by all the Principal Druggists and Genera j Store Keepers throughout the world. Principal Office l in Xew-York, 8d Nassau Street ! Principal .*ffice in l ahi don, ff.’j.'* Strand, next door to the Lyceum Theatre, — for sale by GKSNKR & PKABODV, rvii s wiv Wholesale andßoUiil Agent*. DR. DeGRAFFENRIED’S (EI.EBIIATEI) RUED!IT 1C LINIMENT |N introducing this medicine to the peopleot the 1 ni*_ 1 * 1 Stale*, for sale, the proprietors beg leave to subint” the following ala etneut of Dr. De Jrall'cnried, its dir%coit ert r and in\ent>r: The und*rignei frankly stsites that he has prescribed this medicine for the last twent>-tw years, in all forms of Ac te and Chronic Rheumatism, with a .sucre.--, unpar alleled in the annals of medicine; and he has no hesita tion in saying, that it is decidedly the most valuable rem edy ever yet discovered for the rebel of this mos. painful and distressing malady. His note book contains upwards of three hundred cas es, in which it has been used within the above named period, ai:d in no single instance has it come to his know ledge, of its failing to effect a cure when per*v\ero l in Many of the cases were from four to ten years standing and what may appear more remarkable and extraordina ry,is that when a patient has been once rehe\ ed. ti e di sease is permanently cured , remains so, not a solitary in stance having been reported to him of its return. All lie would ask for this remedy is a fair and impar tial and patient trial, for the results he entertains no up prehensions. Up to the time of this discovery, the undersigned had well studied the origin, process, and character of this disease, and is well assured, had consulted every author on its treatment, who had written or been translated into the Knglish language, and hail used all the remedies of any notoriety then in vogue with the profession, with however, very rarely any relief to poor suffering human ity. ’it has baffled the skill and science of the most eminent Physicians and Surgeons of our own, and o r every other country. Hut the undersigned Hatters himself that his reimily will cure this most painful disease, when all oth ers Imve failed, and that he shall have been an humble lis'.rumcnt in the bands of God. of relieving the human fatnilv of a vast amount of suffering. K. L. 1 let •It A K FEN It IKD, M. I>. It is for sale at Dr. !L A. Ware’s Drugstore, Columbus and by Agents in all the principal cities and towns in the United States. Price i r > for a pint bottle—s‘2 50 for a hall pin! hottle: 4 onnee bottle, $1 25. None genuine wtliout the signature of the discoverer on the side label of the bottle, and across tin* cor.k DcGII.IFFIW'RIF.D &l CO ., Proprietors . CERTIFICATES. Josks’ lloTKi., I'lili.Aiu'.t.piiiv, Man'll 3, MO. Col. .'J. It. Ita/r.w—i* ir, It aU'onls incgreat |>leasurcto lie able to Itear testimony to the efficacy and virtues ol Dr. UrOraffntrinl's Hli'amatic l.inimrnt. I have been sorelvafflicted for the last six years with w liat 1 believed to he and what eminent Physicians of thiseity pronounced Rheumatic gout, for several winters past 1 have been conlinod to my . mil and bed nearly nil the time, in January last I had an attack as violent if not more so than usual, which prostrated me for about three weeks, on your recommendation I commenced the use of this Liniment. (V\illi I must c •nl'ess but little faith). Its effects were astonishing and decidedly bene ficial from its tirs! application. In a few days my back writs;mil ankles v.creentireh relieved (and so continues) •11 soreness, pains, nud the swellings reduced, with the us, ’ess than one bottle. I have been in the discharge of inv ordinary business ever since. I consider it an extraordinary, and decidedly the most efficacious remedy for this disease which I have ever met with. Ami most cheerfully recommend its use to all who may be afflicted with it. Respectful!)’ Yours, N. W. ItlviDf-Eb. Jones Hotel. Baltimore, March JO, IHdu. Dr. Di Grnffrnrird — Hear ! j iu : For the last twelve veers I havesuli'ered very severely with the Rheumatism, having been nearlv one iourtli of the lime confined tomy lied hv it. I have’had the best medical aid to be. found in various cities in the Failed Slates, witli little or no ben etii I have also tried innumerable strongly recommen ded remedies, which have failed lo effect a cure. 1 spent the last smninernt the White Sulphur and Hot Springs in Virginia, to little purpose. Alter my return home, Iso far recovered, as to be able’ to walk about a little. About six weeks since, I had a very severe attack which again confined me to my bed, 1 was in great pain anil scarcely aide t<> move my limbs, when a friend ol mine cal od and inhumed me that von had discovered an inj-itliblt vnnr ,l,l and had curv'd many, and amongst them, one ol my friends, and showed men letter from him stating the tact. I s induces! to try your Rheumatic l.iniment, and take pie wire in informing you that in less than twenty jour hours trout the first application I was perfectly.tree, /con pair, and continue so, up to this time. lam now aide to attend to mv business, and loudly hope all those afflicted, ■■s I have been, may lie speedily relieved, as l lime been with your medicine. Wishing you all the Blessings you ‘ Your Grateful nml Ob’l Servant, O.EO. WADSWOTIf. Coi.t Mr.i s, (■*a..Oct. -0, IfMf*. Hr. HeflratTciiried—lV ir Sin 1 take pleasure in giving volt the particulars of my affliction bv. and reltel front ’Rheumatism. During the spring of IM4, I was afflicted ith a verv severe attack of Inflammatory Rheumatism ; I emplovetl all the most celebr.iled remedies then known j and used in similar cases aided by medical advice, until I •Se; je;idler [sin, with no satisfactory result whatever. 1 i was then induced, by a rheumatic acquaint nice to trv ; vour l.iniment, ns something new, and which had cured i jpn, and in one month, from the tune I commenced the 1 application, I was well and clear of the rheumatism as 1 i ever was, and have continued so to this Kmc. Yours, truly. E. C, iOHlo.', OoLfMitrs, fit- IftJfi. Hr. K. 1., f)e r !raffenreid—l. earning that you are about to miimifaclure for the public your valuable rheumatic l.iniment, I take pleasure in stating that I believe it one of the most valuable remedies ever ns,si lor that com mon and most distressing i'lisonsc. having witnessed its ( *TtvN upon ;i nrsro man of mine who lmd been afflicted f or four wars, until almost every joint was enlarged, and iho hodv otherwise emaciatiKl, Ry the use ot tour or fix c l Kit tics, in three weeks he was relieved fjdirey from pain. A ’ K ’ El{ ’ CoLt-MBi s, Ga.. Novemiter I, IHO. DenrPir —My negro woman Patience, a cook, had a stiff nock front'd painful rheumatic affection, for or seven years, and could not turn her neck except with the b<xiv. 1 “as induced to purchase a bottle of your I.mi me ih which was applied in August or H -p!cii b r o IHr 1 . One liottie entirely relived licr mil slio now has the us ■ of her neck as well as over she had : and to this lime it lias not returned. GARLAND B, TLRRX. Colt MBI S, Ga, Oct 13. IHO. Hr E. L. Do Graffenrcid—Dear Sir—Agreeably to your reoiie-t, I give mv testimonial as to the virtue of your l.iniment iu the cure of rheumatism. Being attacked in one joint of mv finger, last w inter, with acute rheumatism, ■md having used many of the unnumbered prescriptions for its cure, with hut little benefit, I made application lor two bottles of your Liniment which I am happy to say relieved me in a verv short time, 1 can recommend l.s use u. all persons affected in like manner. Very respectfully, • • ‘. 1 ■j, lean testify to the efficacy of Dr. DeLraffenrieds Rheumatic Liniment in tl e case of Mr. F. is. Chapman, as it came under my immediate observation. net 13. 1849. R. A. WARE, SI. I>. Dear Sir—Some time in January last, Mrs. McKee w-ts taken verv ill with inti amatory Rheumatism in her shoulder joints, extending to her elbow joint and arm which disabled her from using her arm almost wttirdy and from the pain, want of sleep, and great reat.essness for not less than six weeks, I was induced by mv friend. Mr Luke Reed, sen-, to call on you for a boltie of >our . T.iniment. and by using half the bottle, she wa9 .. t nt !s!? r relieved, and the relief was manifest or sensible after [hnre or four rubbings. lam of opu.ion, it is oue of the most valuable remedies that hasever been discovered for Rheumatism; that is.ftom.ny own kiiowledgrandfflat which l have heard from others. • 0. McKLL. nr FI, DeGrnflfeuried. , . . , Kow Cert Ideates —Stuch as this are received al rnost everv day. certifying to the astonishing cures per- Pa°vnr& Nebit Macon, and Snead fc Chapman Ogle thorpe. COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, IT E M S . 83T John C. Rives lias issued hi.s Pros pectus for the rcpublication ofthe Globe as 11 Congressional Newspaper. This publica tion is a very valuable one and atiordstlie on ly preserved accounts of the debates in the House of Representatives for many years past. sS?*Thc seat of the Canadian Govern ment has been removed to Quebec. • “I remember,’says the celebrated Wesley •hearing of my father say to my mother, how eould you It ive the patience to tell that blockhead the same thing twenty times over? •IV hy, said she, ‘if I had told him but nine teen times, I should have Install of my la bor.” Z~sf° A block of stone from the Alps, sen bv tlie. government of Switzerland, for the Wushingti >n Monument, is said to be on its way to this country. 53?” Women have a much nicer sense of the beautiful than men. i~*f” George the Second being informed that an imprudent printer was to he punish ed for publishing a spurious royal speech he answered that he hope i the man’s punish ment would be of the mildest sort, because lie had read both, and, so far as he understood either of them, he liked the spurious speech better than his own. The “Black Swan.”— A colored woman, named Eliza Green, from Richmond, Va., is creating quite a sensation in musical circles at Buffalo, N. V. and is to give a concert short ly. She is said to have quite a powerful and wouderful voice, and is called ‘-The Black Swan.” Jenny L:Nd.—The Buffalo Courier an nounces Jenny J-ittd's winter route on au thority. She is now to visit Toronto, then to spend a few days at Niagara. She then starts on a Western tour, passing direct to Cincin nati, Columbus and Cleveland, but not visit ing Detroit, Chicago or Milwaukee as has been proposed. She then returns to Buff.lo and will revisit thence to the Eastern States Tlie. removal ofthe Chrvstal Palace from its position in Hyde Park has already eommenc* 1: it is to he reconstructed in the new Battersea Park, about two miles from its present location: where it, will be used as j a winter garden. The, weight of iron of which it is composed is four thousand tons, and the quantity of glass used is 89fi super ficial feet. The total cubic contents ofthe building arc thirty-three million feet.—The space which it occupied will he marked, after its removal, by four granite monuments, pla ced at points indicating- the position of the angles ofthe building. Important from Hayti—Action of England and Franco. Boston, Oet, 28. Advices from Port an Prince to October Ist, that the French and British Consuls had left for Gonaives, attended bv two British w.tr steamers and one French brig, to force Soulouqnc to accept their ultimatum with re gird to making peace with the Dominicans. They intended to give the Emperor 48 hours to decide, and it was supposed he would sub mit to tire terms proposed. Mrs. Hamilton. — This lady, widow of Gen Alexander Hamilton, has just returned to Washington, having been absent during the summer.—Since the.death of Mrs Madison, she is the only female residing in Washing ton whose name is familiar to the American people as having mingled familiarly and so cially with Washington and his cotempora ries, The Cuban Prisoners. —Ex-President Ty lerhas written a letter to Calderon de. la Bar ca, the Spanish Minister, soliciting his in tercession for the release of all the Cuban prisoners. Mr. Tyler says if a sacrifice was wanting to deter others from the commission of a similar offence, it has been ottered up. The vengeance of a great State has fallen terribly and fatally, and to restore the small number now in custody to their friends and homes, would speak a more effective tale than would ever issue from tlie dungeon or the gibbet. S3P Andrew Jackson Davis is discours ing on “the philosophy of the heard and inoustachios”in the eolttms of the Hartford Times. He is in favor of hairy faces, and has arrived at tlie conclusion that “whiskers were made in the constitution of nature, but that razors were not.” Yery Interesting from South America. Progress ofthe War—An entire Division of the Buenos Ayrean Army captured—Oribe driven to extremities—Refusal of the French and English to interfere —Probable Bh c :rules elc- Bostox, Oet: 27.1851.—T1ie brig Braman brings Buenos Ayres dates of the sth of Sep tember. The most intense excitement pre vailed in Buenos Ayres, as to the progress ofthe war. There is no doubt that Urqttiza and the Brazilians have made a junction, and that the Buenos Ayrean General had lostfi,- 000 horses and the haggange and artillery of one of the divisions, without the firing of a gun. A letter says there is not milch doubt that the Banda Oriental question is settled. Or ibe driven to extremities, probably by the large force opposed to him, has requested the French Admiral to receive on board his ves sels the Argentine troops, and convey them to Buenos Ayres. This was refused, and all the Oriental troops of Oribc’s army have deserted, and even the Argentine troops re fuse to fight,saying that they have had enough of it. The French and English admirals, after a conference, declared that they should not in terfere. and it was feared that Buenos Ayres might be blockaded. As the Brazilian admiral, Grenfell was go ingup the Pan am river, one of his steamers, the Alphonso, was fired into from a small fort of Rosas, and the rigging was so much cut up that lie was obliged to put back to Montevi *e The Buenos Ayrean Packet is confident that even if Oribe is defeated iu his first en counter with the enemy, that lie will finally defeat them. It says:—“he is in his own territory, and with the sympathies ofthe na tive population. A war of resources, or tlip guerilla warfare that crushed the power and undermined the prestige of Bonaparte him self in the Peninsula campaign, would be ric.xt tointerminablc, not to speak of the inta resources of this republic that are now hus banded with a provident economy, that they may strike a decisive blow when the fitting opportunity arrives.” In Buenos Ayres the news, as received, had caused frightful fluctuation in the paper money. Isist year, at this time, ounces were quoted at 2 )2—for the week ending, Sep tember 6th, they had been as high as 295, and closed at 390, with a prospect of going to 400. ; M . . From the tone of the Piickct, it is judged that Rosas is attempting to foment a republican rebellion in Brazil, which would require the return of the Brazilian troops. More Brazilian steamers and about 500 German recruits had arrived at Montevideo. Another letter, dated Buenos Ayres, Sep tember 6tl, says:—“there is a perfect panic here to-dav, and ounces have sold for 400. The Brazilians and Urquiza were carrying everything before them, and it was feared would invade Buenos Avres.” “THK UNION OF THK STATKS AND THK SOVKRKIGNTY OF THK STATKS.” WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOV. 5, ISSI Advertising.— This paper having the largest aggregate weekly circulation, affords the b-st ad vertising medium in the city. TELEGRAPHIC NEWS. We are in negotiation for the establishment o a system of full and complete Telegraphic coin munieation for this Proas. We shall thus lx-ena bled, by means of our Tri-Weekly publication to furnish important Telegraphic intelligence from all quarters in advance of the possibility of its re ceipt from any other quarter, (bn the alternate days of publication our Tri-Weekly subscribers will be furnished with Telegraphic slips, when despatches arrive on those days. Our despatches will embrace general intelli gence as well as cotton news by the Foreign steamers, and will be as full as those given by any other southern paper. These arrangements will be costly, but we look to the public to sustain us iu an enterprize that will redound to its advantage. It is our purpose to take advantage of the political eahn which has succeeded two years of stormy agitation and dis cussant, and give to the “Times'’ the character of a business, commercial and reading paper. We do not propose to eschew polities, but we shall make them subordinate to tlie object of imparting a general interest to this paper, as a useful and readable journal. GIRARD RAIL ROAD. We are gratified to learn that Maj. Hard away, the Pro-blent of this road, has during the past week received additional subscrip tions in cash and in contracts for grading to the amount 0f.j*>.50,000, from residents on the line of road from Girard to Cliunnennuggce This is cheering—it looks like action, and what is also cheering is, that the people on the route take a deep and lively interest in the enterprize. Now is tlie time for Columbus to move. Before this article will be published a meet ing of citizens on the call of the Mayor wil have taken place. We hope its action may be commensurate in spirit and energy with the crisis .hit has occurred in the history of Co lumbus. It is time for all true men and good citizens to put their shoulders to the wheel aud push along the noble work of the regen oration of our beautiful city. When we learn the proceedings of the meeting we shall re cur to this subject. THE GEORGIA STATE FAIR. Wc have had the gratification of attending tlie State Fair at Macon. In common with all intelli gent observers whom we met on that interesting occasion, wc cannot regard the event otherwise than uj an era in the history of Georgia, marking a starting point in the improvement of practical science as applied to agriculture, stock-raising and the useful arts. An impulse never before recog nized, lias been given to the developenient of tlie teeming resources of this State, truly great in all tlie elements which a bountiful Providence can supply for the use and uurturo of a great and prosperous people. Regarding the Fair in its ma terial on exhibition, it was highly creditable to tlie awakening enterprize of our people. We heard more than one gentleman declare that it compared favorably in this respect, with similar ex hibitions in the older States of the North, where agricultural societies had reached their maturity and perfect organization. The concourse of peo ple was great, and gave abundant tokens of the deep hold which the spirit of improvement lias taken oil the public mind. Distinguished gentle men from distant States made frequent and ad miring remarks on the fine appearance of tlie Georgia population who thronged the city of Ma con. While gazing on the. vigorous and robust specimens of manhood, these gentlemen enquired for the sallow complexions and bilious constitutions which they believed were indigenous to the cot ton and rice plantations. -Ml sections of the State were represented. The magnificent rail way facilities to Macon, poured in train upon train crammed with human freight, from the Tennessee river to the seaboard and Islands of the Atlantic, from the East and from the South-West. The Chattahoochee sent its delegations in pretty strong force, hut they had to creep along in private car riage, or jolt along in the post-coach, now anti quated and left far behind in tlie race of iniprove cd loco motion. It would b impossible to describe what tve saw, without writing a book. Tlie transai dons of the society wifi he published in pamphlet, from which wc expect to cull the items of general in terest. Every department was well filled and every branch of industry represented. The Poultry department was probably tlie most complete. We learn that there were exhibited no less ban seventy varieties of chickens, eight or ten of pigeons, among which we noticed the cele brated carrier pigeon. The Getsc and Ilttek formed a Congress of Nations, and showed their colors from almost every quarter of tlie world. The cattle show was the next prominent fea ture. We saw imported Devons and native stock raised from foreign crosses which appeared to us to have reached the nc plus ultra of perfection. Nor were they few in number. The horses, thorough bred and harness, bore a conspicuous part in the show, aud the mule, the Jack and the long-eared race were splendidly rep resented. In the machine department, the beautiful en gine from the manufactory of Gindrat & Cos., of Montgomery, excited the most admiring atten tion. It gained the first premium. There were two other engines manufactured in Macon., The agricultural department was plentifully stocked with specimens of grain, fruit and other products of the soil. Os fruit, we saw the date, grown on St. Simon’s Island. The ladies department was the most thronged. The crowd was too great to permit more than a glance at the articles displayed. We saw enough to show us that our fctir sountrywomeu are both skilled and industrious in the use of the needle, thepeneil and the’brush. Augusta aontributed a very highly finished Warren Barouche from the factory of Hulbert Jb Cos., and Macon several handsome buggies. A passenger rail ear front Augusta took# prem ium. But we must stop, and finish our hasty sketah with a remark on the happy and judieiuns ar rangements made for the Fair. The good people of Macon spared no pains to render the Fair as imposing and interesting as was possible. The ground selected were admirably suited to the oc casion, a fine hand enlivened the scene, and [TSkMTJE •] every thing was conducted with order and deco rum, always saving and excepting the pick-pock ets who exercised their light-fingered practice to a serious extent. The citizens of Macon, in a very handsome manner threw open their houses to their friends, over flowing from the crowded Hotels, and the Hotel keepers did nil that the best of hosts could (10, to meet tlie immense drafts on them for bed and board. We are pleased to loarn that the Executive Committee have determined that the next annual fair will be held at Macon. Tub Plantbxs’ < Convention.— This body, held during the Fair at Macon, was numerously attended & was a highly respectable assemblage, represent ing tlie growers of the great staple of the South. It remained in session during the week. Its action and recommendations will form the topics of much public discussion hereafter. Gov. Brown an! Ex-Gov. Moseley, of Florida, were members, and several other gentlemen of distinction from \ ir ginia, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee and South Carolina. Georgia was fully represented. Tito following were the officers of tlie Conven tion : “Ex-Gov. Moseley, of Florida—President. Vice Presidents—B. S. Bibb, Ala; Win. Ter rell, Ga; John G. Gamble, Fla: Joseph 1). Bry an, lot; N. B. Crowell, S. C.; R. S. Archer, Va; Solomon Me Alpine, Ala; James M. Chambers, Ga; N. B. Powell, Ala; Thadjeus G. Holt, Ga; N. W. Phillips, Miss; Titos. Atffeek, do; and L. B. Mercer, Ga. Secretaries —Nathan Raw, Ga; Win. P. Gould, . Ala. and J. Knowles, Ga. 4 ’ Tiie Legislature.— We have before us a copy ! of Gov. Towns’ farewell message. It is an able i business-like document, and shows that his admin- I istration closes, leaving the Stata in a prosperous ) condition. We shall endeavor to get it in typo for our next issue. The Legislature was organized on Monday as follows : President of the Senate—A. .T. Miller. Secretary 44 L. J. Glenn. Speaker of the Ilonse—J. A. Merriwethor. Clerk 44 Thai. Sturgis. Cura and England.— Advices front Madrid . to the Cologne Gazette, state that M. Bravo | Murillo lias proposed to his colleagues of the | Spanish cabinet to sell Cuba and Porto Rico to England for one hundred and fifty millions of ! dollars. That sum, lie stated, represented the ! capital of the Revenue of Spain from these Islands. ! The London Times says, this news wants eonfir illation. If it be true, tlie American doctrine, announced by President Monroe, repeated by President Polk, .and we believe reiterated by the present adminis tration, would come into practical play. The 11. States cannot consent to see England in a position to watch and barrass the great commerce of the gulf of Mexico, and to stand between this country and Mexico and California. £5?” The Southern Press wants to know where Cobb au l Foote and the Unionists “arc to go”? To Whiggery or Democracy ? If we tnay judge hy the old rule of voscitur a sociis, aud “birds of a feather,” we should say they would go to Whiggery, for it is the Whigs that have made them wlmt they are—conquerors of the honor and d’gnity of their States. But having 44 saved tlie union” which was necer in any danger, they will step into the Democratic ranks on the first oppor tunity that offers to drag their long whig tails af ter them. THE VIRGINIA ELECTIONS have resulted iti a splendid and grateful Democratic triumph. It is particularly grateful in this, that eve ry Congressional opponent of the compromise has been sustained by his district. In Virginia, as not. in Georgia, it was not deemed treason in a public servant to stand up to the rights of the South, and members faithful to their country were not overwhelmed with tlie hoarse raven cry of disun ion. Meade, Bailov, llolladay and Edmondson have been returned without opposition. Millson, liocoek, Averett and Powell by increased majori ties. Caskie of the Richmond district, who oc cupied the sound southern ground of Seddon lias beaten the notorious Botta. These gentlemen stood in the canvass just where McDonald did, and where Davis,of Miss, does. AVerejo.ce that the people of tlie old Do minion do not esteem the compromise j“fair, liber al and just” and do not ostracise all who (lo not accede to that false proposition. Tk.vhh:.—Our city merchants are supplied with full stocks of goods of every descrip tion, ready to accommodate customers. A reference to our price-current list will show that the prime articles of plantation consump tion, sugar, coffee, salt, and all kinds of Wes tern produce are cheaper here than iu any ofthe competing markets cast of us. The completion ofthe Muscogee Rail Road w ill make our cotton market always equal to Griffin and Oglethorpe, and as high as that of Savannah, less the freight. The River has felt the influence of the late rains.-Our steamboat men tire pre paring for the winter’s business and we hope in a few days to announce the. navigation op en for theseason. The Palmetto, Capt. Van Veighten was ready to depart yesterday. propeller Ilcnry Clay was, wreck ed on Lake Erie last week, and some thirty persons lost. steamer Brother Jonathan armed at New York the 28th tilt., Irom Chagres.— There was nothing on the Isthmus. When off Egg Harbor, Monday night, the Brother Jonathan came in collision with the schooner Charles B. Ellis, of New York, for Wilming ton, N. C., cutting her in such a manner that she sunk in a few minutes. The Jonathan rescued her captain and crew and brought them back. The schooner had a cargo of dry goods valued at $25,000. The steamer lost her cutwater. Coastn,* Owen. —We received, by brig Culnare, at Charleston, the sub joined note from Mr. Owen, We com ply with what we suppose to be his wish (its publication) with pleasure and we doubt not the public will accord to him the favor he asks: Havana, Oct. 20, 1851. j To the Editors of the Sav Republican : Gentlemen:—l have no official infor- TUESDAY. NOVEMBER 11 :851. mation of my recall blit the fact is an ; nounced in the papers of New-Orleans ! and New-York. I must request that ; you will do me the favor to ask that the I public shall not judge me till they shall ! hear me fully. I ask nothing from their ! mercy; but I have a right to justice. Very respectfully, Sic., ’ A. F. OWEN- Sav. Republican. Be Gentlemen at Home. —There are few families, we imagine, anywhere, in which love is not abused as furnishing 1 a license for impoliteness! A husband, j farther, or (brother will fspeak harsh I words to those he loves best, and to those who love him the best, simply because the security of love and family pride keeps him from getting his head bro ken. It is a shame that a man will speak more impolitely at times, to his wife or sister, that he would to any other female 1 except a low and vicious one. It is thus that the holiest affections of man’s na ture prove a weaker protection to wo man in the family circle titan the re straints of society, and that woman usu ally is indebted for the kindness and politeness of life to those not . belonging ] to her own household. Things ought not j so to be. The man who, because it j will not be resented, inflicts his spleen : and bad temper upon those of his hearth- j stone, is a small coward, and mean man. Kind words are the circulating medium, between true gentlemen and true ladies at home, and no polish ex hibited in society can atone for the harsh language and disrespectful treatment too often indulged in between those bound together by God’s own ties of blood and the still more sacred bonds of conjugal love. —[_Springfield Republi can. | “Very Like a Whale.” —The following article, which we copy from the New York Times, looks to us “very like a whale, ‘ hut we give it for what it is worth, leaving the reader to form his opinion upon the matter: Sir John Franklin. —The London Morning Chronicle publishes the following interesting statement, vouching for it accuracy, and say ing that the Admiralty has ordered t.n inqui ry: Gloucester, Friday. An extraordinary circumstance has just hap pened here, which 1 hasten to communicate, it is almost incredible, but for the feet that the authority is undoubted, and the Admit - - ; alty have been induced to order an official iu quiry, which is now being proceeded with. These are the facts: Las; Sunday after noon, Mrs. Russell, a lady living at Wootton, near this city, observed something fall in the garden, while at dinner. On sending out the gardener, he found it to be a small balloon, in the ear of which was a card, bearing tho following inscription. Erebus, 112 W. Long. 71 deg. N, Lat. September 3, 1851. Blocked iu. The matter was at first looked upon as a hoax, blit subsequent events led to a communication being made with the Adiniral itv, who sent for a balloon and card, and im mediately on their receipt sent down Capt.’ Beech}', R. N., to Gloucester, with another officer, to make inquiries. These inquiries 1 are now being prosecuted, Capt. Becliy having j been twice at Wootton, examining all parties ; resident there. It turns out that it is areal Government balloon, of exactly a similar kind to those sent out with the Erebus, when she sailed from England. Wiiat Em tors should he —The press has now so great aud extensive an influence on public opinion—it is so mixed up with all the relations of life, that it is most essential that its conductors should be gentlemen in the true sense of the ward. They should be equally above corruption and intimidation: in capable of being warped by personal consid erations from the broad ground of truth and honor,and superior to all attempts at misrep resenting, or mystifying public events. Ad vocating the cause they espouse from com ic- ; tion fearlessly and independently, they should do it with courtesy and forbearance where these qualities can be extended: as they gener ally may he, to their opponents; and no con sideration should ever induce them to violate the sanctity of private life or step beyond ; the bounds of public discussion iuto the re-j cesses ofthe domestic hearth. Ail personal- , 1 ities should be avoided—measures should he i opposed, not men—principles should be de- j nounced, not advocates. We like to see two- ; editors battling for their principles and lavor- j ] itc measures, by the use of strong arguments | and cogent reasoning—each striving for the truth,and speaking as conscience dictatesfear lesslv, and having done this,, through their Journals, to meet and warmly grasp each other by tlie hand and enjoy the social inter course and kindly feelings of friends. llow much better this is than the frequent person al allusions, insults ami taunts which tire so often seen in many of our public Journals. — Not written because of any ill-feeling, but to indite a smart and witty article which may jbe sought after, and pander to the lowest i taste. This is very represensihle, and should | lie frowned down by an intelligent communi i tv: sometimes it may be teat a man is so mixed up with the question principle that it may he impossible noticing hi.s public acts and exposing his dishonesty and inconsistency; but such a course should be taken rather in sorrow than with pleasure, and it should be the exception, not ilte rule in newspaper discussions.— Boston Tran script. Rochester, Oet. 25 White Man vs. Black Man for the As sembly.—Great excitement was produced here to-day, in consequence of the appearance | of anew hut very dark feature in the politi- ! cal arena. The whig District Convention met, this afternoon, for the purpose of nomi nating a candidate for the Assembly; and on the first ballot it was ascertained that J. P. Milliner, white man, hid forty-four votes: Fred. Douglass, black man, twenty-one: scat tering, thirty-four. Mr. Milliner was finally nominated by one majority. e History of Alcohol. —Alcohol was inven ted 950 years ago, by the son of a strange woman, Hager, in Arabia. Ladies used it with a powder to paint themselves, that they might appear more beautiful, and this pow der was called alcohol. During the reign of William and Mary, an act was passed en couraging the manufacture of spirits. Soon after, intemperance and profligacy prevailed tc such an extent that the retailers iu intoxi cating drinks put up signs in public plaeesin forming the people that they might get drunk for a p"enny, and have some straw to get so ber on. In the 16th century, distilled spirits spread over the continent of Europe. About this time it was introduced into the colonies, as ‘the United States were then aallcd. The first notice we have of its nse in public life, waa among the laborers in the Hungarian mines, in the 15th century. In 1751, it was used by the English soldiers as a cordial.— The alcohol in Europe was made of grapes and sold in Italy and Spain as a medicine.— The Genoese afterwards made it from grain and sold it as a medicine in botties under the name of the water of life. Until the 16th I NUMBER 45. century it had only been kept by apotheca ries as medicine. During the reiarn of Henry VII, brandy was unknown in Ireland, and soon its alarming effect induced the govern ment to pass a law prohibiting its manufac ture. About 12) years ago it was used as a bev erage, especially among the soldiers in the English colonies in North America, under the preposterous notion that it prevented sickness and made men fearless in the field of battle. It was looked upon as a sovereign specific. Such is the brief sketch of the introduction of alcohol into society as a beverage. The his tory of it is wretchedness, the tears, the groans, poverty and murder of thousands.— It has marched through the land with the tread of a giant, leaving the impress of his footsteps in the bones, sinews, and life’s blood of the people.— [Exchange. Baugain wit it Wil.uot.— Under thu head ing the Pcnsylvanian says: “The constant clamor and calumny of the adherents of Johnston before* the, election, charging a bargain between the National Democrats in this State and the author of the W.lmot Proviso, —persevered in to drive to Johnston's support all whigs in favor of the Compromise measures, which was to a cer tain extent successful—this clamor and cal umny have been tested by the result in Mr. W l l mot’s own county of Bradford, where Bigler loses about four hundred votes because ot his bold and uncompromising opposition to the abolitionists. It was the weakest and most contemptible falsehood that could have been fabricated and was used by the North American, with a full knowledge of its per fect untruth. Tike a foul vapor receding and fading before the rising sun, the figures have effectually dissipated it. It is remarkable that although the North has always been the navigating section of the Union, the South has produced the great authors of our superiority in navigation. Rumsey, ol \ irgiuia, was the first projec tor and inventor of steam navigation. He was the first man on this continent to huikl and navigate a steamboat, and this was done on James river. The next attempt was made by Eiteh, on the Delewaro; and Fulton came after him on the Hudson. Fulton must have known and used the pla..s of Rumsev and Eiteh. 1 lie South has also been pre-eminent in sailing vessels. The Baltimore clippers have always been celebrated for their superiority over other sailing vessels. And it now ap pears that the man who modeled the America which has beaten all the yachts of Great Britain, is also a Southerner—Mr. George Seers, ol this District. Lctjustice be done ‘0 the genius of the South. GOVERNORS MESSAGE. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, ) Milledgeville, November 3rd, 1851. ( Fellow- Citizens Os the Senate if- House of Representatives : In closing my official connection with the representatives of thu people, it will be my object to place fairly before them the meas ures I have heretofore felt, and new /eel it my duty to recommend, sedulously avoiding, as far as possible, the introduction of any topic not affecting the interests of the people. While abundant cause of profound grati tude exists. forthe continued kindness of that superintending Providence, by which our State has been spared from the scourge of pestil ence and famine, vet it is not to be disguised, that we arc passing through a season of bit ter discontent that may well claim the exer cise of the brightest of the Christaiu virtues', to enable us to perform our full duty to the State, the Union, ourselves, and our children. The beautiful system of a representative con federacy of sovereign States, united upon the principles of Justice and Equality, reflec ting the enlightened judgment of the virtu ous, intelligent, industrious and patriotic people, is only to he feared by the wicked and corrupt, while to the orderly and right minded, it is a.pillar of strength that w ill in the end insure justice to all. Let our object then he. to enlarge the basis of true c-iviiiza tioiuvithin the borders of our own State, by planting deeply, and nurturing closely, the elements of a moral and intellectual culture, with every class and condition of our people: that each and all may understand and feel the value of free institutions, and be capable of devising the best means of perpetuating them. It a (Turds proper ground of pleasure, that I should be. able to communicate to the Leg islature, the highly prosperous condition of tlie Finances of the State, and the just ap preciation of our publlie securities at home and abroad. It is believed, that at no former period, have the b mds of the State commanded great er confidence, or maintained a higher value in the markets: nor does this remark apply alone to that class of the public securities know'n as the Domestic Debt, hut equally to the. remnant ofthe Foreign debt, of ill),000, held in England. The advance in the mar ket value of the latter, within the last two years, and the increased confidence ofthe holders, have rendered all effortsto redeem it impracticable forthe present. The public debt, foreign and domestic, at the opening ofthe session of the Legislature in ISI7, as communicated in a former mes sage, was $1, 578.875 00. In conformity with the recommendation contained in t lie message of my predecessor, in which I fully concurred, the General As sembly of 1347 appropriated the sum of; $375,000 for the completion of the Western &. Atlantic Rail Road, a detailed statement of the expenditure of which, is contained in a former communication: and, at the sanip ses sion. $22,222, 24 to satisfy the claim of Pet er Trezevant, for which bonds issued, and were paid, as heretofore communicated. The last Legislature provided that Messrs. |P. O. Reynolds, James F. Cooper,and Rich ard P.-ters, should investigate the claim of John I). Gray & Cos., contractors on tnc Western & Atlantic Rail Road, for extra work, &c., and that the Executive should is sue bonds, redeemable by the Road, for the amount found due by them. Bonds for the sum of $24,541 17 were issued, and paid to Mr. Gray on the 19.1i day of August, 1350, in pursuance of the law and the report of the Committee, a copy of which is transmitted. A further approj ri ition 0f520,000 was nnd<s and directed to be paid over to the Milledgc villc & Gordon Rail Road Company, upon its completion; but no evidence having been furnished of the completion of the Road, this appropriation still stands where it was left by the Legislature. It will thus be seen, that the liability of the State lias been increased, since the close of the political year 1847, to the close of the political year 1851. $397,222 23. The ob jects of these several appropriations are so generally known and approved by the coun try, that further detail, in this respect, would not now be desirable. Since the elose of the political year 1847, to the close of the financial year, 1851, there has been paid, of the interest on the public debt, foreign and domestic $414,770 91, and of principal v the sum of $261,559 72 leaving the debt at this time sl/724,722 22. If from this amount is taken $3 00,000 which is the balance of the appropriation for the completion of the Western and Atlantic Rail Road, unredeeemed, and which, under the act appropriating the same, must ulti mately be paid off, and discharged from the net income of said Road, the jublic debt a t this time, is SI 421,722 22, less by sl-4T 153 33, than it was at the close of the poiiti-’ cal year 1847. The available funds in the Treasury, applicable to the further reduction of the public debt, at the close ofthe present fiscal year, as appears bv the Treasurer's Ro po.t, is 554.C38 19. This amount, (#54 - 3) C 9.) being the surplus in the Treasury, should be applied, as early as practicable, it/ the further reduction of the publio debt; af ter which, the liabilities proper of the State would be SI 370,684 13. It will be borne in mind, that the sum of #133,000 was appropriated by the act of 1845, for the extension of the Western & Atlantic Rail Koad, of which sum, #lO7 5(00 00 was e .pended under the direction ot my predecessor, and the balance applied by tho present Chief Engineer, by my approbation, to the purchase of Motive Power and Cars, for the use of said Road. This sum, how ever, is no charge upon the Treasury; as by express stipulation, the holders of this class of the public securities are to look alono to the profits of tho Western & Atlantic Rail Road, for principal and interest. In this connection it would not deemed I trust: out of place, to remind the General Assembly, thnt-tho great difficulty experien ced by niv predecessor, in converting these bonds into cash, or its equivalent, it isbeliev’ ed, induced the Georgia Rail Road &, Bank ing Company and the South Carolina Rail Road Company, to endorse or guaranty thu payment of principal and interest ot a largu amount of them; whereby negotiations woro effected in one of our neighboring States.—• That this transaction was one ot good faith, Iha eno doubt. How far it is incumbent, upon the General Assembly, ’tv suitable leg-, islative provisions to substitute the credit ot the State for tiiat of these Rail Road Com panies, in this particular instance, I submit to its sense of justice and liberality, w* The remaining probable charge upon thu Treasury to be considered, grows out of tho legislation heretofore had in reference to thu Central Bank, the original capital stock ot which may be estimated, in round numbers, The requisitions cn the Bank, in the loiim of Treasury warrants, r.s appears by an offi cial report on this subject,from 33t0 41 in clusive, was #2293 500. and for the construc tion ofthe W. & A. Rail Road, at different periods from ‘4l to'63, the additional sum of $33 >,OO. making the amount actually paid, and liabilities incurred by the Bank tor vai - ous objects of internal improvement, thu sup port of the Government and other objects not include lin the above estimates, not tar from #22)0,000. In the face of the heavy drains “upon the Central Bank, by the act of 1843 for the edveation of the poor, 1733 shares of the Bank of the State of Georgia, and 89) shares ofthe Bank of Augusta, which constituted a part of its capital stock, amounting to #2623)0, was transferred to the Treasury, and the income from this source pledged to the object of Education. From that period, the Bank has not been deprived, merely, oftliis amount of its capi tal stock, but the. dividends which h ive actu ally 7 accrued and been paid into the Treasury, amounting to the sum of #.29.132 50, in cash, and the additional sum ot #lB 600 ot the stock of the Goo. Rail Road & Banking Company: making the aggregate, estimating the Bank Stock at par, of principal and inter est, $,313,032 50. What principle of public expediency or financial exigency, warranted th’s diversion of the assets of the Central Bank, at a time when its liabilities were, pro bald not less than #1 500000 w hen its bills wcrebelow par’ when there was an exten sive nd general derangement of the curren cy o the w hole country, and w hen Banks, air well as the people at large, were laboring un der a pressure, more desolating and disas trous than had been experienced for years, i* to me incomprehensible. Asa financial measure, its effects upon the credit of tho State, if not the pockets of bill holders, were not more instantaneous than unavoidable. — Public confidence was destroyed, the moment was apparent that, the Legislature had de prived the Bank of a large portion of its. as sets, which were pledged for the redemption of its liabilities, and applied them to another and different object. If it were within thu competency ofthe Legislature to divest indi vidual rights which had merited to the cred itors of the Bank, what guaranty was there that the next step might not be taken, and tho Bank ha deprived of all its assets, without providing for the ultimate redemption of ita liabilities. It is no answer to this objection, that tho Bank stock referred to, was applied to the great object of educating the poor, as it will be seen by reference to the records of this Department, that for the years 184$, ‘49 and ’SO, inclusive, the beneficiaries of the fund re puted, number 95.869, and the sum distribu ted under Die act of 1843, for the same p riod, is S6O 842, 50. being a fraction less than sixty-three cults to each per annum, and not sufficient, under the lowest rates charged to pay for twenty days tuition. ’ Wh ltcver may have been tho policy in which this measure originated, from the best consideration I have been able to give the sub ject, lam forced to the conclusion that tho example established, of transferring a fund, after being pledged to a specific object, be fore the purpose of the pledge is fully re deemed, should not he encouraged; and that the policy of withdrawing the assets of the Central Bank, and applying them to other ob jects, and thereby depriving it of the means of meeting its liabilities, is wholly indefensi ble upon principle. The State has gained nothing, nor have the people. By the trans fer of the Bank stock to the Treasury, a ne cessity is created to supply the deficiency in. the Central Bank, by the State. It can oidy be done by taxation; and the result of this whole measure is, that every dollar distribut ed has to he returned hack to the Bank by tho people, without any substantial good, as I have shown, in educating the poor children. From the view presented, let not the im pression prevail, that I am opposed to a sys tem of free scho ds, or to providing the means amply and liberally, to educate all the youth of the country. But to accomplish tliia ob ject, let the policy of the State be straight forward and direct; let the country know that a claim is made upon the property, the peo ple, the intelligence and virtue of the State, to furnish adequate means for extending to all the youth a legacy of incalculable value, a general diffusion among all classes and con ditions? oLthp rudiments of an English edu cation; for instilling into them, by early train irtg,just conceptions of the social relations of man to his fellow-man, a love of country of liberty, and the duty of habitual reverence humble obedience to the laws, principles, and teachings of the'great Author of man’s existence, without which, all governmeut is hut a fraud, liberty hut a name. The liabilities of the Central Bank, at this time, consist of Bonds issued to redeem its circulation, amounting to $371,000. Ol this amount, $9,000 is redeemable in 1854, $39,- 000 in 1355, $34,500 in 1856, $17,000 in 1357, $21,500 in 1858, $50,000 in 1859, $35,000 in 1860, $5,000 in 1%1 $47,000 in 18G2, $18,500 in 1363,and S74,COJ in 1861. The available assets as, reported to me by the Cashier may he estimated at SiOO,COJ. This probable deficiency, therefore will have to be provided for hereafter. Within four year ending with the close of the present fiscal year, the liabilities of the Bank havo been reduced $279,0t987. A large amount of the assets, within the period referred to re garded as insolvent or doubtful, has been re alized, or secured by the officers of tho Bank, and much the larger amount of these claims, I have no doubt would have proved s total loss to the Bank, had the assets been trans ferred to the Treasury. I have not believed it to be the interest of the State, to order this transfer heretofore, nor would I now recom mend it to be done. I believe this discretion vested in the Executive, as to the transfer of its assets, sound and salutary, and there I would advise, it should remain. Upon careful consideration I felt it my du ty to invite the attention of the last General Assembly, to our system of levying and col lecting taxes. The inequality of our tax laws appeared, so obvious, as to eneour age the hope that the Legislature would not adjourn, without the substitution of tho ad valorem, for the present specific and objec tionable discrimination principle, adopted in 1874 and continued up to this time with slight modifications.