Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

THE HERALD: U"n. U'm. J. Hun nr., Heeretary of I lie Trea tin')’ in 1833, and superseded by Gen. Jackson because he would not remove lh- Public Money from the U. H. Ilauk, ha* published a narrative of the eimitnataiicea connected with Ilia ap pointm lit to and removal from office. It ia Haul to lie interesting, and untinged with bit terncae or personal feeling. Tlie territorlea of lowa. Wisconsin, *nd Flo rida. will probably become State* in 1840. Then we ahull haw twenty-nine atara on our country’abanner. Hr rat /•'it tin Ofrtleimltnrgh. -A fire hroki out in Ogdciisburgh, Ht. Uwnncs do. nn Wed nesday morning of last week, f 17th,) in the ainWcaattached to the Ogdenabtirgh Hotel. It thence burnt along Imth *idr* of Ford-atreet into State-street, including the Ogdciisburgh Hank, and up and down Isabella-atreel a con siderable distance lx fore it eould be arreated, dentroying acwrul atorea and ahopa, an well 11a dwelling* and office*. The loaaof property ia very heavy, though for leaa than it would have been at any other time. n the merchant*’ateiek of w inter good* Imd bee-, reduced very low, and they had received no sprint; supplies. We believe the Bank's bonk* and paper* were nil pronerved. One hnmnn life was lost—that of a man vvhoae rernaina were found the next morning amid the ruin*. Hevrn horaea were burnt to death. HA NO U K, Md .Way , lain Last evening, about 8 o’,-lock, v-e wrre amid nly alarmed by a iremrndou* explosion that slunk flie whole bidding terribly, and Anon we nuci-Atained dint Daniel Rush * store bail been blown lo aiornt. The old pint ia roinplelely deinohtlied, and (lie new part, which hat just hern filled up for ad welling, it to tballrred dial will duuhtlett lmvr In lie taken down, lilt good* are ao much damaged by fire, wuier and dirt, lliul they w ill tearoely bring mure dtnii one-fnrlh of llieir value ; Ivul all tliit it nothing, when rutnpa rrd lo die human tuifering that hat resulted from die eiplotion There were fourlren person* in ihe linil ding nl dti lime, six of whom nredsngrrrmsly wound ed—tome with legs, others with arm* broken, and all with llu ir furea trariiled in a shocking manner. Daniel Kuth and iwo journeymen time milker* are not expected lo live. Three of Daniel'* children are among theme srrioutly injured, but tileyonngeet child liiiraruloiisly rsca|icd unhurt It wat in die eradte, and ihote who find arrived nl the arenn of ruin and dittrett, tnw lit little hand above the rubbitli, and nil removing ihe fallen timber, lliey found dial die cra dle had preterved die rlnlet from being crushed to death. f/ra. Hush, Daniel'a father and mtdiier, John < ‘rnig, Afurphy Pool, Mr Kingtly and aon, are all more or lest injured. Every laaly teem* tuba ill a slate of gloomy amstciiieiit—wonder, curioaily and astonishment pr, vail—mmilierleta eonjeelurea a* 10 the enutr of dir exploaion are ullnal, but nothing definite in relation tlierem ran lie obtained, for those who were in the tlor* when the unforliinntr event look [dure, are 100 inueh injured to any any dung aland ii. Hav.vnn ah, May H. Extensive Fire. We regret to nth! another to the list of tires with which our city has been visited lately. The large Sientu Haw Mill on ihe west end of Fig Island, uppoidtc the city, known ns ('apt. Mkki.y** was consumed between two and three o’clock yesterday morning. No a lurm of lire was given, and very few in lltu city, excepting the guard, knew any thing of the calamity, until morning. Hcvcrnl others were interested in the Mill besides Captain Hkki.v. There was a great quan tity of lumber alongside. The total loss is estimated nl 948,000. . Two aelird, were close to the Mill, when the lire broke out, but by slipping llieir cables, escaped with-; out damage. The race boat Caroline King, was on a raft, near the Mill, with the rowers asleep in her; by rutting (lie raft whit'll vmis scut adiift, she also w as left uninjured. The lire breaking out at such an unusual hour, causes suspicion that it was the work of an incendiary. This is three line Mills destroyed on the Savannah in little better than two months —viz: Crabtree’s, Wade's and Seely's, All the property of worthy and enterpri sing citt*en. However, they will all soon be in active ope nit lon vve hope, and will rise “like the Phoenix front their ashes,” w ith increased means of usefulness. THE SAVANNAH REGATTA. The Itegalta which Imd been sometime nn notineetl, took place yesterday. Long before SI o’clock, the wharves were crowded with anxious spectators. The beauty and fashion of out lively city, assem bled to gruce the scene. The steamboats Oglethorp, Florida, Talcott, and J. Htone, were especially, honored with large parties of our finest holies. Olliers chose terra lirinn, and many rested on ihe liquid wave in boats selected for the occasion. The roup d'wil was grand and imposing. The vessels in the harbour had their streamers flying, and their ensigns floating on the hrteze. The race boats at their stations, seemed every and anon to plunge into the deep, like gallant coursers neighing for the signal which was to prove their mettle and their speed. The hour at length arrives, and the boats ore matched, when all is in the hands of Fortune, and the stout arms of the sable crews, the rowers being all men of color. The following was the order of the FIRST RACK.—SIX OARED. 1. Goddess of Liberty —coxswain (Jign iliatt, 32 feel in length—entered ly Col. 11. Dubigtion. 2. Floyd —coxswain, Corwin, 38 feet—en tered by Lower Creek Boat Club. 3 .Satadin —coxswain Parody, 40 feet— entered bv Mnj. S. S. Shad. 4. Carolfpe King- —coxswain, Cercopels, 38 feet—entered by 11. Mongin. Esij. The Goddess took her place second from the city; the Floyd, fourth; the Saladtn, third, ond the Caroline King, tirot next the city. The result was as follower : The Floyd, first boat. Caroline King, second boat, 58 feet astern of Floyd, The Saludtn, third boat, 95 feet atern of do. The Goddess o f Liberty, fourth boat, 100 t u .(, rl | 0 f do. 7'i me —o minutes, 30 seconds— slaeh water. We understand in this rare, the Saladin, broke one of her rullocks, about half way. and ronsequently used but five oars. HECO.ND RACE.—FOUR OAKKD. 1. Star —coxswain, Htrobart, 87 1-2 feet in length-—entered by I*. A. Htrobar. 2. Lizard —rozwnm, Corwin, 2ft 1-4 feet entered by Lower Creek Boat Club. 3. Snakr coxswain, Bailey, 32 feet in leugih—entered hy Capl. Hailey. I. Cioddrst of Liberty —coxswain. Duhig non, 32 feet in length—entered by Col. Dubignon. The result was— The Lizard, first boat. The (ioddrss of Liberty, second boat, 2fto let t (rjtrn astern of the Lizard. The Snake, third boat, 310 feet astern of Lizard. The Star, fourth boat, 310 feet astern of Lizard. Time —l minutes,2ft seconds, with tin- tide. To the Lower ('reek Boat (’lull all praise is due. Il is to llieir fine spirit theeilizeus of Savannah owe the cheering aspect of the city nn yesterday ; anil let in not be for goltcn that this Club owes its origin to a few noble minded mechanics, who felt that they could introduce with success, the be lightful recreation of boat racing into this city.— They have succeeded, and to them the credit is due. Already it numbers many of our most respectable citizen*—let more offer their names, and keep up a Club, the support of which is nn act of public spirit, and one that can never raise a nigh in the breast of the moat scrupulous. Last year they were unsuccessful—this vciir they have distanced all competitors. The Judges nt the starting point, were (’apt- Howard, Messrs. Krynolds, and J. L. HhalFcr. The Judges at coining in, were Col. Hun ter, Major Bowen, and ('apt. Bnurkc. All the Judges agreed to the above state ment. From the llai.timoiik Amerii tv. BLACK HAW K—TKCUMSEII. Messrs. Kiutuhs: Hearing of the death of the celebrated Sanx Chieftain, Black llawk I urn induced to make you the following coui municniion, which may be interesting to smut; of your reader*. During a residence of several years in what is notv the Territory of lowa. I had many op portunities of seeing and conversing with tins noted warrior, end often look hack with feel ings of great pleasure to (Jic muuy tokens of good will and frieuship that lie lias frequently bestowed upon me. Dig lodge was al stays open to the stranger, and lie was ever ready to share that with him which he might most want, either his furs and blankets for n couch, or his corn and vetison for a repast, lie al ways spoke in terms of high regard of the whites, saying that in war he fought like a brave mult, hut in pence lie wished to forget that Ins hand had ever been raised against them. Ills career ns a warrior commenced at n very early age; when he was but nineteen years old, bis father Phwlicckc led a w ar party against tin 1 Usages, in which expedition he accompanied him ; they succcdcd in reaching the villages of the Usages, which they attacked and, after a very severe encounter, routed their enemies and burnt llieir tow n. In this encounter lllack Hawk’s lather was killed. . The son lOAenged his death by killing and scalping the Usage who had slain him. Hr was found ol recounting his early exploits, and often boosted of his being at the right hand df Tccumselt, w hen the latter was killed at the battle of the Thames. Mis account of the death of this distinguished warrior w as related to me hy himself, during an evening that I spent lit Ins lodge some winters ago. In the course of our talk, I asked him if he was w ith Teettmseh when he was killed, lie replied. “I was and 1 will not teU you all about it. Tceumseh, sinuibinne and raid Well, two I’m lawultaiilic. Chiefs, and myself, were seated on a log near our gamp tire, tilling our pipes for a smoke outlie morning of tire buttle, when word came from the ilrtlltsli tlencrul that lie w ished to speak with Teeinnaeh. lie went immedi ately, and alter slaving some time rejoined us, taking lii.s seat without saying a word, when Caldwell, who was one of his favorites, oh served to him my father, what are. we to do ! Shall we light the Americans / “Yes my son,” replied Tecuinseli. “lie nhnll gn into their nry siiroAe—but you are not wanted by the General. Go, my son, 1 never expect to see von again.” .Shortly after this (continued lllack Hawk) the Indian spivs canto in, and gave word of the near approach of the Amer icans. Tceumseh immediately pousted liis men in the edge of the swamp which flanked the Hrittish line, placing himself at their head. I was little to his right, with a small party of Sattks. It was not long hefoie the Americans made their appearance ; they did not perceive os at lirst, hid as we were by the undergrowth, but we soon let them know where we were by pouring in one sir two volleys us they were forming into line, to oppose the British. They faltered a little, but vi ry soon we perceived a large body of horse (Col. Johnson’s regiment of mounted Kentuckians) preparing to charge upon us in the swamp. They enntc bravely on, yet we never stirred until they were so close that we could see the flints in their guns, w hen Teettmseh, springing to his feel, gave the Shawnee war cry, and discharged his rifle. This was the signal for us to commence the tight, hut it did not last long; the Americans answered the shout returning our fire, and at the first discharge oftheirgunslsaw Tceumseh stagger forwards over a fallen tree near which he was standing, letting his rifle drop at his feet. As soon as the Indians discovered he was killed, a sudden fear came over them, and thinking the Great Spirit was angrv, they fought no longer, and were quickly put to flight. That night we returned to bury our dead, and search for the body of Tectunseh. lie was found where he had first fallen, a bul let hail struck him above the hip. and his skull had been broken by the but end of the gun of some soldier, who had found him perhaps when life was not yet quite gone. \\ ith the exception Os these w ounds his body was un touched, lying near him. however, was a large fine looking Pottawattamie who had been kil led, decked off in his plumes and war paint, whom the Americans no doubt had taken for Tceumseh for lie was scalped, and every par ticle of skin flayed from ins body.* Tecuin seh. himself, had no ornament about his per son, save a Brittisli medal. During the night we buried our dead, and brought off the body of Tceumseh. although w e w ere within sight of the fires ofthe American camp.” This is somewhat different from the account ; which iscommonly given of Tecumseh’sdeath, vet 1 believe it to lie true ; for after hearing Black Hawk relate it, I heard it coroberated by one ofthe Pottawattamie Chiefs mentioned by him. 1 asked him if he hadever fought against the whites afler the death of Teeumseh. He said not —that he returned home to his village on the Mississippi, at ihe mouth of Rock River, and there he remained until driven away by the whites in 1832. The wish to hold posses sion of this village was the came of the war winch was waged against the whites during tint year. Ho told ms that he never wished THU MCIZNTQSH CQVJfTT to fight, that he wa* made to do ao; that the white* killed his warriors when they went w ith a while flag to beg a parley and that after till* w its done, he thought they intended to kill him at ail events, and therefore he would die like n warrior. In speaking of this defeat, he said it was wlint he expected; lliat he did not mind it, hut wlmt hurt him more than any lliing else was our Government degrading him in tin: eyes of his own people, and selling another chief (Itoelmekj over him. This degredntion he appeared to feel very sensibly—still he contin ued to posses* all his native pride. One in stance that came under my observation, I re collect w ell, in which it was strongly displayed. He happened to be inn small town in lowaou the same day in which a party of Dragoons, under ('apt. —arrived, and in payiug a vis it to a friend with whom he always partook of a meal, whenever he stopped at the village, he met with the Captain who had lawn invited to dine. Black Hawk remained, also expecting the usual invitation to stay and eat with them, but when the dinner was ready the host took him aside, and told him the Captain, or rather the white man’s chief was to dine w;lh him that day. and he must wait until they had fin ished. The old Chiefs eye glistened with an ger as he answered him raising the forefinger of one hand to Ins breast to represent the offi cer—“l know the white manisa Chief, hut I,” elevating the finger of the other hand far above hi* head, “was a (thief and led my warrior* to the light long before his mother new him. Your meat—my tiny* tltnuhl not rat it.” Hay ing tin*, he gathered the fold* of his blanket about him, lie stalked off looking as proudly ns if he still walked over the ground that he could call u mtj own.” black Hawk possessed, in a great degree, | one f"e trait which is not usual for us to con cede to the Indian—kindness and affection for his wife, IL- never had but the one, and with her he lived for upwards of forty years; they had several children, three of whom still sur vive, Iwo sous and a daughter.—The eldest son is one of the most promising young braves ; nfthe Nation, and bids fair to be oiteof it* most noble men. The daughter issllll quilr young; and is considered as the miMt beautiful maiden belonging to her tritie. He lias now departed on his long journey, to join those of bis people who have gone be fore him lo llieir happy hunting grounds far beyond the setting sun. ,1/ay the (ireat Spir it grant him a clear sunshine and a smooth path. * I have fleen. inyself, in Kcntuckey, piece* nf this skin tnnned, nnd displayed a*having be longed in Tecumneh. I have never, however, until now, thought proper to undeceive the hoi iter* to the authenticity of their honorable tro phies. Down Kant Cunning in very aptly illustrated in the following account of a strum boat sper idation told by the Pawtucket Gazette. It must be premised, that the steam boat lexing ton, was prepared last winter, to run against the John VV. Uichtnoild vs soon ns the latter should commence her trigs this spring on the route between this city and Providence. The j story runs thus: “The Transportation Company who have almost moved heaven and earth to procure a lsi.it that would heat the Richmond, went to ('ant. Vanderbilt the owner of the Lexington, and proposed to him that if he would put his boat in order and heat the Itichmoud every trip for one month, they would then purchase the Lexington of him, and pay fur her a far gre iter sum than she was really worth. To tins ('apt. Vanderbilt acceded. After he had got his boat ready, lie, fearing she would be ( unable to surpass the Richmond in speed, went to Capt. Townsend,unite Richmond and pro posed to him that if he would allow him (Van derbilt) to heat the lliehinond’ every trip for one month, he would pay toT’apt. Tmvnsend SI 500. To this proposition Cap. Townsend agreed. Well, the Iwnils commenced running and iho Lexington led the Kichmond at almost any distance she pleased. She heal her every trip, and the Company were in eestacies to think that they had at length found that long sought and fervently prayed forobjeel—a Isiat capable of heating tile Itichuioud ; and even the friends of the lliehinond believed that the speed of their favorite boat was eclipsed, lint behold ! as soon as the month hud expired, nnd (lipt. Vanderbilt, had sold his boat at an ex horbitant price and ('apt. Townsend had re reived Ins ISt 10, for keeping the Itichuioud hack, the dense got into the Lexington, and all the tar, pitch and turpentine that grew in the pine woods, couldn’t make her keep within hailing distance, or even within sight of the Itirhnioml! The Company w ere all down in i the mouth again ; they had been “tuk in’’— most essentially “come over;” nnd this lust and probably most expensive contrivance to run the Kichmond, resulted, as all their previ ous ones have done, in injury, shame and ron lusion to themselves, and to nobody else.” Hr/torledfor the Unite*l Staten Gazette. Commonwealth, > crtmlnm, Sessions, Thomas W. Dyott. \ $l ,ril • ‘* tt ’ This being the day fixed for the trial of the cause, Mr. Hirst, for the prosecution, moved the Court to order a jury to be sworn, on the opening of the Court. Mr. Philips for the defence, announced his readiness to lay before the Court an appHcu- I lion, provided the cause could go on, hut as there was a case actually in progress, and as he claimed the right to select the jury out of the whole panne!, that it would he impossible to proceed ; especially as the council for the defence, on consultation, had determined that when the jury should be empnnuellcd, their i separation would he objected to. Judge Conrad said that lie would order the ease on. as soon as the cause under trial should end ; and journed the Court over until this ! (Tuesday) morning, nt 10 o’clock, and would • adjoin it from day to day, until the present ease should terminate. It is probable the Court will he placed in an embarrasing position ; this is the last week of the term, and if the trial of Dr. Dyott be not commenced during the term, he will be enti tled to his discharge absolutely, under the act of Assembly The ease now under trial, is a prosecution for fraudulent involvencv against one l’rizer ; w hich commenced last Thursday, and bids fair to continue for some time. Judge Conrad, however, has announced his determin ation to overcome the difficulty. The case of Dr. Dvott could not have been fixed for an earlier day consistently with the other busi ness of the Court. The defence will be con ducted by Z. Philips, and J. K. Ingersoll. Esqs. and the prosecution by W. L. Hirst, Esq. The Collector at New Orleans. —The fol lowing article from the New Orleans Courier has relation to J. W, Breedlove, Esq., w'ho has lately resigned the ollicc of Collector at New Orleans;— We alluded yesterday, to a suit ordered to l>e brought by the Government against a gen tleman of this city, for an alleged indebtedness of the. letter. We understand the individual denies the indebtedness, and that the w hole matter will be shortly submitted to the deci sion of the I’nited States District Court. We think, therefore, under the present circuinstan- j oes. it w ould be improper to make any fttr'her l comments. FROM ENGLAND. Relations with England.—The account* from England, received by the George Wash ingtoii, have given great additional satiafaction, on the pacific and conciliatory tone of England toward! thin country, in all the principal point* of controversey involved in our mutual rela tion*. The feeling* of the English ministry, j as shown in Parliament, arc os friendly as those : of the people and the press of England. There can be no doubt now of a speedy ter- J initiation to the Boundary Question on auch principles to give and take as will adjust the difference* not only on that point, but will have a great influence in quieting the border spirit, and restoring the good feelings between their colonies and our |sipulation along the Canadi an line. The benevolent conduct of Sir George Arthur in liberating the misguided young men lhat had been deceived into the fray of last year by what raseal Mackenzie and his coad jutors, will produce no small effect, while the magnamnity, forhesranre and public spirit of Sir John Colbome, and the regular British ar my under his command, will unite in the great purpose of preventing two nations, bound to gether by every tic of human existence, to preserve their relations of peace and amity in violate.—On our frontier, Col. Worth is still on the ground, quieting the disorders on the Vermont line, and, knowing his talents and dis position, wc have no doubt he will succeed, as General Scott so signally did on the Maine frontier. The position of this country with Europe is materially changed from what it was in form er year*. By the power of steam in naviga tion. we belong to the same family of nation* which is formed of England, I'rancc, and all those countries where free institutions prevail in all western Europe. A war between any of these nations would be a war against civili zation and reform. Wc do not believe lhat any rupture, can ever take place nmong them, unless it be stirred up by the intrigues of the despotisms of Eastern Europe. At this mo ment England, both government and people, would sooner go to war with Russia than w ilh any other country. Russia is to the free gov ernment* of western Europe, including the ti nned States as a branch of the system, what the Persian empire was to Athens, Laccdemon, and the other state* of Greece, in the age of Miltiadas and Themiaticolea. If they quarrel among themselves, they will be overrun by nothern despotism ; if they preserve peace, they will carry civilization and liberty over the whole earth. [ from Ike Liverpool \frcury of tlu 39M uU ) The intelligence brought by the Liverpool steam ship from New York is very important, and, on the w hole, somewhat of a warlike character . The speeches in Congress—official document* — itie proceeding* in the provincial Legislature of Maine and other Stairs, seem all to amount to this, thai though the Americans profess to wish for fur ther negotiations, and u> avoid a war between the two countries, with all its calamities to both, they take it for granted that negotiations can only end in one way, the complete concession of all they claim, and they arc determined not to give up one iota of their demands. Wc are not quite sure that they are not in the right; ami however much we may dis like and regret something of a tone of defiance, which is mrt likely lo facilitate an amicable settle ment of the question, if they are not in the right we cannot, considering all things, wonder greatly at its adoption. We have elsewhere given a suecink history of the boundary question, and an extract from on American work, which seems to set the matter completely at rest if the statements which it contains he correct; whilst, if they are erroneous notluqg can be more easy than their conlradiction. The omy point in dispute, according to this author, is whether there ta’not ajine of higblandsdivuling the rivers that empty themselves into the Si Lawrence from those which fall into the Atlanlie Ocean. He affirms that there is such a line, and so do the fra mers of the treaty of independence concluded in im That a question so obvious and involving such important consequences has been allowed lo rrmain 11 ii out led for upwards of fifty years, does noi at all lessen the probability that tor fact is as the Ameri cans slate it, because, our colonies, generally have long been considered more at places affording scope for ihe nereis* of patronage, and providing for needy members of the aristocracy, than in any o( h r light, either as regards the colonies themselves or the mother country The question, with all its embar rassing eonsetjttene.es, is another legacy left lo us by Tory inisgovernment, but, threatening as it seems, we see no reason why it should not lie honorably and amicably settled. If left to the decision of the two Governments, we are sure that it will be so set tled ; and the only fear is lhat the parlies at ilie scene of sriion may so precipitate mailers as lo involve their respective countries in a war, which, after oc casioning the sacrifice of millions of money, and the shedding of rivers of blomi, would, after all, end in a compromise A war between iwo great nations, of the same origin and language, and both hosting of free institution*, would lie a subject of rejoicing for tyranny and ils supporters all over the world ; but it would Ire a calamity deplored by every friend of freedom, eiviliaation and humanity, and heavy in deed w ill be the responsibility of that nation or government which is the first to cry ll Havoc, and let slip the dogs of war.” The Liverpool mail of the -tilh instant says with much warmth that the [iroceedings here “ point to ihe unavoidable issue—war I” It says— ” They tell us that the American government have nl length resolved to commence active negotiations in order to arrive at an immediate settlement. But of what use can negotiations be, when the whole House of Representatives declare that they will never surrender the territory 1” From Ike loutdoa Morning Herald, (Torypaper ) The chances of war with the United Stales have leil, it is believed, to speculations on nn immense scale in cotton ; and these speculations again will, of necessity, be followed in due time by heavy com mercial reverses in some shape or other All ex fierience, in short, tends to establish the utter fallacy of the economical doctrine, that dependence on foreign countries ought lobe regarded as a national blessing ! Why should England lie dependent for the cotton w hich she consumes on the cotton growers of the United Slates 1 In her East India colonies, England might (if the proper degree of care were bestowed upon its cultivation) be supplied with a sufficiency of cotton for nil her manufacturing establishments ; nay, when regard is had in the character of the cot ton manufacture, and to the claims of her colonics upon England, it may be doubted whether the cot ton trade might not be transferred gradually and most beneficially to the shores of India. India yields the raw material of the manufacture. There can, at all events, exist no question as to ihe expediency of procuring from India those siip plies of raw cotton which we have hitherto drawn from the United States. India bids fair soon to supply us with lea; why not with cotton ! In all that appertains to trade, the United Slates nrr. in truth, far more dependent on England than Englaad is on them. British commerce has created all the wealth of New York and of the other princi pal towns throughout the Federal Union. It may be doubted, how ever, whether sound policy does not dictate that Halifax and the chief towns in our Noth America Provinces ought not to be selected us cm po rt a for British goods and whether such a change in Ihe passage of our manufactured commodities lo the hands of consumers in the U. States might not be attended with the happiest effects on our colonies, as well as on the (tower of England. Src.Aß.—lt appears that a numberofthe farmers of the interior of Pennsylvania, have turned their attention to the manu facture of sugar in sufficient quantities for the use of their own familes. We recently mentioned a ease of the kind at Washing ton, and anotherat Erie. The Grecnsburg Ituelligenceratklss third, in which a citizen of Hcmpfield township, Westmoreland county, made from one sugar tree during the {>ast season lit pounds of sugar. JAMES MADISON. Os the lamented patriot and *taicsnt:in, James Madison, it was once remarked to the first President of the I'niled State*, “ How doea it happen, sir, that we do not observe the name of .Mr. Madison among the appointments of foreign ambassador*, or as selected to fill all important situation under the home Govern ment 1 This seeming omission appear* the more strange from the friendship and attach ment that is so well known lo subsist between Mr. Madison and yourself.” Washington replied: “ As to a foreign em bassy, the best in gift of the Executive (they were, in those days, England, France, and Mpam) have been tendered to Mr. Madison over and over again, while his extreme repug nance. to a sea voyage renders his going abroad out of the question; and, as to the home ap pointments, there is not one that would be deemed worthy of Mr Madison's acceptance, that he does not well know is, and from the commencement of the Government always has been, entirely at his service. “ It was during a time of considerable politeal excitement that Mr. Madison had a large dinner party, of members of Congress and others. The conversation look rather a free turn, and public men and public measurs were discus sed without reserve. Mr Madison held up hi* hand and remarked : “ Pause, gentlemen, if : you please. While I admit that, in a repub- I lican country like ours, the acts of public men, \ from the highest to the lowest, are alike open I to fair and liberal investigation, permit me lo i say that the personal character of General Washington, his eminent virtues, and match less service* to his country, must, under my ! roof, always be treated with the most profound ! respect.” During the latter days of the venerable sage | of Montpelier, he was wont todelight his num erous guests with relations of bygone men and things. Speaking of our happy Contitution lo a distinguished personage, he remarked: “ After the peace of 1783, we were in great confusion in politiral respects. It was agreed on all hands that our old system would do no longer, and many of the best and wisest of the land became the advocates of a more national system of policy : the States of the old Con federation to cede certain powers lo a General Government, so as to form a Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary for the Union. But how to organize a convention to form a Con stitution for the new Government, when so many conflicted interests, sectional and oth erwise, were in the way, was a matter of no ordinary difficulty. All eye* w ere turned to wards him, who, retired from the great events of the Revolution, was enjoying a well-earned repose amid the shades of .Mount Vernon. Could we but enroll the name of Washington among the deiegatesto a convention, under j such favored auspices our success in the for mation of anew Government was certain. — And, yet, it seemed ungenerous, nay, almost unkind, so soon to rail this illustrions citizens from his beloved retirinent, after his mighty labors in the war of Independence. An appli cation was made to him through a highly con fidential medium ; it was respectfully recei ved, but at once declined. Nothing daunted, we returned to the charge; and, as every one knows, finally succeeded. The patriot could not resist the united eali of his countrymen, lie repaired to Philadelphia, and presided in the convention. The Constitution was formed, nod afterward* adopted by the States; and thus did the great name and character of Washington, in peace as in was, shed the most happy and benign influences upon the destinies of his country."— From“ the Cttstis Recollections and Private Memoirs of the Life and Character of Washington.” From the Philadelphia Gazette. JUDGE LYNCH. „ Tins important personage, after having lain quiescent for some weeks, judging from the newspapers, has latterly come out again on the South and West, with his swift writes of procedemfo ad judicium —being apparently as sound a hater of ‘the law’s delay,’ as was the melancholy prince of Denmark himself. It was lobe hoped that he had his glut of retribution for a season ; but the Brutus feel ing is in a manner on him all the while; and so long as it is he will be on the scent for vic tims. Seriously, if there be any subsidence of the Lynching code or spirit, under lhat special name, it is ramifying itself into other forms, which cannot but appal and strike with seri ous reflections, every friend of humanity and the laws. It no longer contents itself with the cord and the scourge; it enters the very holiest in the temple of Justice, and seizing the fasces and the axe, madly usurps a su preme dominion—polluting and overawing on every hand. This is not precisely what may be called the Lynch action ;it is the Lynch inueflnee, no less baleful because more secret, or because it silently exerts itself on jurors. Two cases, illustrating this dreadful states of things, arc now freshly on record. One is that of Judge Wilkinson and others, in an af fray at Louisville, at the Galt house, where two persons were brutally murdered in broad daylight, in presence of many witnesses. W T e have heard a gentleman say who was pre sent, and saw the murdered men lying on the floor, that it was one of Ihe most sorry sights of the kind ever presented to the eye. The men killed were simply seeking a law ful end—they were destroyed outright—and yet the murderers were acquitted! We should like to ask—on what principles of law 1 What of equity 1 What of imperfect evi dence f What of fact—or what of reason 1 The last was that of Dr. Vaughan, for the murder of young Pleasants, just decided in Virginia— the result— acquital. Our read ers must remember the incidents of this atro cious homicide. Pleasants was the accepted lover of an accomplished young lady, of whom Vaugham was also enamored. He prefered his suit, and was rejected. In a fit of blind indignation, he thought to succeed in win ning her affections, bv destroying the man to whom she was betrothed. Accordingly he sought every mode to provoke him into a duel; but apology after apology on his part, was the result of this brave stratagem. At last he walked into the room of Pleasants, at his hotel, only a few days before his intended marriage, and placing a pistol at his breast, at once shot him down. The scene was a terrible one; the young man’s shirt bosom onfire from the powder; himself staggering across the room, his heart’s blood gushing out upon the floor, and his malignant assail ant looking fiendishly on ! One would suppose that such a man. for such an act, so clearly proved, should be hanged as soon as tried; but no—he is ac | qu itted, and at large. Is it not clear front cases like these, that the laws are rapidly losing there power of punishment or of protection, and that Judge Lynch is taking hie scat too frequently in the courts of the land. The New York Commercial Advertiser states that the receipts of the Camden and Amboy Railroad, during the last week, for the freight of merchandize, amounted to from sixteen hundred to two thousand dollars per day. A large amount of this merchandize is purchas ed o;i Philadelphia account. Interesting Investigation— *The New York Express, iu speaking of the recent death of Mr. Witbington, who was killed by the explosion of a gas pipe, while blow ing into it, says: “We learn that litis unfor tunate oecurrenre has led aotne of our practical scientific men to commence intesti gations, the result of which may be of vast importance. It in aaid that an examination of gas pipe has shown a deposite oftxrecd ingly fine particles, which for their present purposes the gentlemen denominate ‘con densed permanent electricity.’ The exper iment, was yesterday tried with a file, and a detonation, or instantaneous explosion was produced by/ontart of the fi|i with the deposite or residum of the gas. The key to the death of Mr.eWillington is furn ished bv the supposition, strongly sustain ed by tfie result of this experiment, that when he put his teeth to the pipe, they touched the deposite of condensed gas, and produred the melancholy accident of which our readers had the particulars in yester day’s Despatch. If the sanguine anticipations of the gen tlemen engaged in the inquiry’ are not defeated, this melancholy occurrence may add another to the long list of names of | persons who hare fallen martyrs to science, ; inasmuch as the circumstances attending | their deaths have led to highly important I discoveries. It is certain lhat the theory advanced above, is the only approach to an 1 explanation of the phenomenon which has \ yet been made. The principal difficulty that occurs to us is, that in cutting off, fil ling and repairing gas pipes, which have I been in use, no such explosion ordetonation has before been noticed. I’erhaps inquiry into the past experience of the mechanics, who are thus employed, may show that such shocks have before occurred, but have been passed over without inquiry or com ment.” Akiy or Xerxes.—The most numerous army of which wc have any account in the annals of history was that of Xerxes. Ac cording to the statement of Rollin, which is founded on the statements of Herodotus, Isocrates and Plutarch, this army consisted of 1.700,000 foot, 80,000 horse, and 30,000’ men for conducting the carriges and camels. On passing the Hellespont, an addition was made la it from other nations of 300,000, which made his land forces amount to 2,- | 100,000. Ilis fleet consisted of 1207 ves sels, each carrying 230 men ;in all 277,010 ! men, which was augmented by the Europe : an nations, with 1200 vessels carrying 240, 000 men. Besides this fleet, the small gal leys, and transport ships, amounted to 3000,. containing about 210,000 mm. Including servants, eunuchs, women, suttlcrs, and others, who usually follow an army, it is reckoned, that the w hole number of souls that followed Xerxes into Greece, amount ed to 5,‘-&<1,220: which is more than the whole of the male population of Great Britain and Ireland, above twenty years of age, and nearly triple the whole popula tion of Scotland. After remaining sometime in Greece, nearly the whole of this immense army, along with the fleet, was routed and dcitroyed. Mardonius, one of his ablest commanders, with an army of 300,000, was finally defeated and slain at the battle of Plataea, and only three thousand of this vast atrny with difficulty escaped destruction. Russian Empire. —The Russian empire in Europe has been nearly doubled in little more than half a century. In sixty-four years she has advanced her frontier eight hundred and fifty miles towards Vienna, Berlin, Dresden, Munich and Paris, she has approached four hundred and fifty miles nearer to Poland, and ha* advanced to with in a few miles of the ea pi talof Sweden, from, which, when Peter the First mounted the throne, her frontier was distant three hund red miles. Since that time she has stretch ■cd herself forward about one thousand miles towards India, and the same distance towards the capital of Persia. The regi ment that is now stntioucd at her furthest frontier post, on the western shore of the Caspian, has as great a distance to march hack to Moscow, as onward lo Altock on the Indus, and is actually further from St, Petersburg, than from Lahore, the capital |of the Sciits. The battalions of the Rus ! sian Imperial Guard, that invaded Persia, found at the termination of the war that they were as near to Herat as to the banks of the Don ; that they had already accom plished half the distance from their capital to Delhi : and lhat, therefore, from their camp in Persia they had as great distance to march back to Bt. Petersburg as onward to the capital of Hindostan. —Progress of Russia in the East. Progress or ocr cause. —There is no stronger evidence of the progress of tem perance principles, upon the public mind than the freedom with which the public presses speak out upon the subject. But a few years since, it was with the utmost j delicacy that any publishers, except those who were devoted exclusively to the cause, were willing to touch upon the great evils | of intemperance; now a majoiity of the presses of all parties being to bear their united testimony against intemperance, ” c trust that they will continue to be inde pendent, and speak forth the truth in sober earnest; and vety soon this great national evil will be done away.—Were there a foreign army invading our,'land, enslaving fine hundred thousand of our fellow citi zens, murdering thirty thousand a year, and levying a tax upon our nation of more than one hundred millions ofdollars, every press would speak of it in the most heart stirring strains.—[lnd. Tent Adv. Economy in clearing Coffee. This, which is, ordinarily, a small affair, grows into a matter of some magnitude with those who love a clear cup of coffee when eggs can scarcely be had for this purpose, (as is sometimes the case with those who live in towns and villages) and when other clarifying agents are not at hand. We would therefore inform such as are not apprized of the fact, that a single egg may be made to clear a pound or more of coffee, by stirring it with thecoffee after it is parch~ ed, and before it is entirely cooled. This method also saves trouble, as the operation will not have to be repeated until the pound is exhausted. Appetite.— lt is calculated that 12,000.000 pills are swallowed in the U. 8. annually. No ondor the doctors Sourish,