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TO THE COTTON PLANTER* jlfrlß CHANTS, FACTORS, AN 0 rmiSl -11 ENTS AND DIRECTORS OF THE SEVERAL lIA.Mis OF THE SOUTH ERN STATES: x CIRCULAR. Fellow Citium : Interested like your selves, in the ml ivntion and disposal of the great staple f American agriculture anil com merce, we have accidentally met in thia city, ! in the midst of a criaw which discloses sortie atriklngly innmcntou* feat urea in the history of thia moat important branch of the trade of our country. When the Cotton Crop of the United Ntate* w as a mere item in n trade, ami did nut reach a production exceeding live hundred llinuaand bale*, it waa perhaps safe to consoler il a* one among many ar idea of Imrter and exchange, which, lefl enlirely to the fortuiiou* circum stance* of commerce, would find its level un der the influence of the ordinary lawaof trade, without the necessity of restoring to any means of precautionary protsetiou. Tinina, however, have changed. Cotton liaa pasted from the,condition of a mere article of commerce, to the performance of the mighty function of being in a great degree ihe regula tor ofthesxchanges, and the atandardof value of our eouniry. If the nature of this material forbid* it* entering into otn circulation, it is scarcely less ihe basis of our currency, than the precious metals ; for the fluctuations in its price are felt with a sensibility equally a* acute aud searching, tuinny of these variations which belong to the demand and supply of these sen sitive and mysterious tokens of national value. The products of this staple, has now become mo immense, that it behooves those who pro duce it by n large investment of capital at a high rate of incidental cost, und in a climate perilous to human health, to consider well, whether Ihere are not some material circum stances in reference to ilie mode in which this product of their labor is shipped from tins country, and is brought to market at the point of its final sale mid consumption, which de mand the application ofaprompl und effective remedy. In one word is not the luiportuntjuct disclosed, that such is the umvicidy amount of ibis great staple of aouthcru industry, I hat it cannot be sent forward and disposed of at fair remunerating prices, through the, ordinary me dium of the mercantile establishment* of this country ami in Europe, without the direct co operation of our banking institutions 1 if we huve become satisfied of this ciU'dlt ‘Xt ’’ m *° f) t~ga | a syrdCTh. which ahull give per _l£i;Vl!C<surity to this great interest in ihe com vn rcc mid flnnm is of our country 7 The un wise, and ruinous system of sending the crop forward to houses of circumscribed means, on the other side of the water, who are incapable of holding their consignments an hour beyond the maturity of the bills drawn against such shipments, subject in fact, nearly the w hole i,numrit of American interests to foreign com bination, which might act, not only with entire concert, hut with a perfect knowledge of the period, when from the maturity of tin* accep tances in Question, properly to a stupendous amount belonging to this country, maybe rea dy for sacrifice. The great ami vital change which must be operated, is to sustain American interests, by Vtnoricait credit. To realize at home, the re sources necessary for the protection of our property abroad, without the necessity of large ■md inooimuiielil iltalis oil Ihe capital and means of our great customer. In other words, Viva comuereuit reform w ilnsire, is to wurui our great staple to market, without the period being determined by the date of u Mill of Ex change, when it is to be brought forward foi absolute and Onnecesaary sMtrifiee. We be lieve that the > tcadiness in price, which would result from a portion, nt least, of the Cotton crop being exempt from the di strous fluctu ations arising from compulsory ales, would in the end, be scarcely less viiliumiti to the spin ner mid consumer in England, than to the grower and shipper here. V fact, wditrh ve titiui, >. , ,if>ie from tin- inflowing posi.i fates, which we consider altogether seif e vi dent : 1, The natural price of Oitton is ilie effect ♦ft the fair and natural influence of supply und demand. 2. The price rinnot be steady, and Ihe ar ticle cannot be current, so as to admit of safe caluiat ions on ihe part ofthe planters, theinau ufacturer and tho merchant, unless ihe price be natural. It is consequently the interest of these three classes, that ilie article should be protected, on the one hand from anv great ami undue specu! stive action, which might inflate prices above the natural rate—and on the oth er Croup any derangement in the money mar ket, or any other accidental cause, which might depress it below that rate. The effect of freut and undue speculation being to derange the money market, ami to produce reaction, with an undue depre—.ion ol prices. ft. The state of the currency mainly depends on the means which the country posse *,*, to pay its foreign debt, by shipments ol h.s pro duce. To llio extent its produce or manufac ture fails short of that object, exports of spe cie may be induced, the effect of which must be n reduction of the circulation, with depre ciation of property and general distress. 1. Cotton, in this country, being by far the most important produce, and affording the great means of paying its foreign debt, it is iho interest of (liecommunity, and particularly of the monied institutions, that the price of it in England, (the great market.) should be steady , and that the article should be of current sale, mo a to be the means of large and effective re mittance. It follows, that the interest of the banking institutions here, are the same as those of the three classes first mentioned, namely, ihattbo price should be natural, that it may lie t-lemly, and of easy realisation. ft. The interest of the British Government, *ft the Bank of England, and of the hanks of that country in respect to this article, are the same a* the interests of the banks here. The importation here being immense, and the em ployment of a most numerous body of the la boring classes, depending on the steadiness of prices. When they are not steady—the for eign demand for manufactured cotton is redu ced greatly, the operatives are thrown out of employment, and the great means of settling ihe balance of trade, without the exportation of the precious metals are withdrawn. Manu factured cottons affording by fur, the most ini portnnt branch of their export trade. 6. Consequently, nn v arrangement that could be formed, by which the article would he pro tected from the effects undue speculation, and from depression in the money market, and by which steadiness of price, with currency of sale, would he promoted—would save some of the greatest and best interests in both coun tries. 7. It is therefore proposed to form a system by which, with the commencementof the new crop, advances on Cotton shall be made with the capital or credit of Banks here, thereby relieving the consignee in Europe from care or consideration, except the advantageou sale of iiis stock, which would promote all these in terests, and afford general satisfaction ui both j aides of the water, provided it were uot mad* the means or indirectly, of undue speculation or monopoly. Having thus indicated the principles on which the proposed system must find its juris diction and basis we will now as succinctly ts possible. <!•:?">! ‘he means of carrying into effwv. We re far from imputing any premeditated hostility of the Bank of England to American interests; on the contrary, it is one of the be-- nevoleni influences of commercial intercourse, . 0 promote peace mid good writ) among nations I and men. Hence this great engine of the eom -1 mcrciai grandeur and opulence of Great Brit { ain. acting under an enlightened instinct, must ■ ■ rather desire that its beat customer should nt all time* be in a condition to meet her engage-! : menu with entile punctuality and success. Bui there are epoch* in the commerce of 1 England, whether from msuflicieni harvests, u i inguid demand for h* r rouiiulaciurers, or po litical combinations, when the bank may. from | an urgent policy, limit her discounts, and in eraese her rate of interest. This event,cwi never occur, without its having a blighting in fluence on any surplus of our great staple, which might be unsold in England. Hurely, if the Bank of England can exercise (unavoid edly,) an influence thus prejudicial, we may resort to our own American banks, as a means of security, and production, without the invid ious clamor of combination aud monopoly. It is lime that the absorb and senselcssity on the •object of banks making advances on Cotton, tlunt.d be understood, and finally put down. The truth is, that by the mere purchase of the foreign exchanges of the country, they advance on nearly every bale of Cotton sub ject to foreign export, and this withon! the se curity of the bill ol ludiqg and policy of insur ance, on the mere personal rcspoucihility of the drawers mid indorsers of the bill. Hence these lessons are most comprehensive and dis astrous after every commercial crisis and re vulsion. Now we propose giving to flic banks In all cases, the higher protection of these securities, and that early next autumn, one or more bunks In each of the great commercial Cotton mark et* of the South, should commence making ad vances on the crop, according to a scale lo e graduated by what will beasafe calculation of its probable amount, assuming 12 12 cent! at home, to be about the lair natural avi rage and remunerating price of this staple, on a product of sixteen him.,red thousand bales, which is about a- largo a return as the actual labor of the eouhlry now engaged in ibis branch of in dustry, is capable ol harvesting. The embar rassment* of tin South Western Slates having prevented the planters of these States from making any purchases of slaves from the Al lantc States, during Ihe lust two year*, whilst not less than 10 per cent, of the slave lph>nr of the South, has been abstracted in the same pe riod, from the cultivation of Cotton, urid up plied to the raising of provisions, and to tiie construction of those extensive railroads i ovv in progress, throughout that portion of the Union. For these advances, we propose that the Bunks should issue to Ilie planters, merchants and factors of the country, on the production of the hill of Lading, und the assignment of the policy of insurance, Post notesof such descrip lion, und payable atauch periods us u Conven tion hereafter contemplated, muy suggest; notes, which may be made lo answer botii the purposes of currency und exchange, the de tails of which we refer to tluit body. By this arrangement however, we feel satisfied the credits enube so distributed, that from the duy of the shipment of our cotton, it may probably nr held at least six monthsiu Europe, without the foreign consignee being under an advance of one farthing, and we think il quite easy to confer on the houses, to which the shipments are confided, sufficient strength, to enable them to hold over (or even a longer period, should safe remunerating prices not to be obtained ou Ipr maturity of the bills. W ith the view ol securing this strength, ft is indispensably necessary, that the consign ments should nut be to much diffused, but con fined to a limited number of houses in Liver pool and Havre, who acting as the agents of all those who will come into lifts conservative system, will feel a common interest, und will naturally aid and assist each other under all and every contingency. Thu F'd'-nv Chi • n ; nt the 1 ... f .us’;,,, jot a grout scheme, for the protection of onr Commerce, Finance, and Exchanges, the do ails of which, must be left for profound delib eration, und concerted action. To accomplish this subject, wo hereby invite the planters, fac tors and cotton merchants of each distiict or county in the Southern States, und Territory of Florida, together u tth the Banks, in each of the said States and Territory, to send Delegates to meet us in Convention at Macon, Georgia, on tiie Foruth Tuesday of October next, which will be on the 22nd day of that month that we may carefully consider the important matters disclosed in this Circular. We invite a candid examination of this whole scheme, for the protection, not alone of south ern interests, bui for the security of the com merce of the whole country. Let it at least be tested by patient invrstiga lion, and enlightened research ; if by this plan one third of the entire cotton crop <>i the coun try can be placed beyond the possibility of sacrifice, it will give security to the residue, uot by entrenching it behind the guards of a speculative monopoly, but by holding it in tluit state of security, which the just relations of supply and demand will always in the long run, establish and sustain in the trade of a great and civilized country. That no time may be lost, wc beg 1-nve to apprise you that an agent, having our confidence will leave this riioitrv for Europe, clothed with ample insti actions, to make such prelim inary arrangements with the houses iu Liver pool and Havre, which may, by the sanction of the Convention, have the proposed consign ments. W e are aware of the very potent opposition, which a plan looking ev en to self-defence, must invite both at home and abroad, us it runs counter to a variety of interests, 100 powerful and too susceptible of combination, not to be aroused into active, and perhaps inexorable hostility. If our apology is not to be found in ’ the plea, that vv c hav e u right to hoid our own property by the. means of the credit of our own country, then we fearlessly sav, ice mean at lens! (a attempt it , in despite of an opposition however eager and iinplicable. \\ e have seen m the face of a crop of 1.350,- 000 Bales, an effort made, and very nearly re sulting in success, to coerce the acceptance of the same prices, which were incident lo one of 1,800,000 bales. We ought not to rest our secu rily cw the adverse omens of the crop, which is now growing under the will and dispensn-! tion of Providence, w hich has already suffered iu ma iv quarters from an intense drought, and j in others from the ravages of the insects so destructive to its grow th and maturity. We should look beyond the era of the short supply of the last year, and an apprehended deficit during the coining season. The lessons oft economical w isdom belong to ail seasons, and ; and ail times, and there is a salutary truth in the homely aphorism, that those who do not take care of tAenutelves, are not likely to be taken care of by other*. We therefore submit this call and invitation to you, with the earnest j hope, that you w ill be prepared to co-operate with us in a measure, in which we believe the highest interests of our commou country are : involved. . j Wc r- main, very Respectfully, Yourob t. sev'ls. NATUT.. A. V, ARE. of Mississippi. JO CN G. GAMBLE. Florida. THOMAS E. TARTT. Alabama. 1). P. HILLHOUSE, Georgia J. J. HUGHES. Yazoo. Mississippi. NATHAN McGKHEE. Louisiana. GUO. McPUFFIE. Sooth Uuroiina. tiie mazuToa h oovnt sr huhal#^ 1). K. DODGE, Florida. J L. HUNTER. Alabama. JAMES HAMILTON, Mouth Carolina. A. B. DAVIS, Georgia, HENRY W. HILLARD, Montgomery, Ala. JOHN BRANCH, North Carolina. New York, July Slh, 183!). ’1 ins Village UarbisoK.—lt happened, in the course of the Thirty Years’ War, thalGonsulvode Cordovo, who commanded the Spanish troops then overrunning the I'elatinatc, found it necessary to posses* himself of a little walled village, called Ogrrsheim, that lay in his way. On hi* in telligence of hi* approach, till the inhapi tant* fled to Manhcin ; and when Gonsalvo at length drew near, and summoned the place to surrender, theie remaided within the walls only a poor shepherd and his wife, the latter of whom having that very morning brought a little infant into this world of missery, was unable to leave her bed : and her husband, of course, staid with her. The anxiety and distress of the poor man “•.ly he, more easily conceived than descri bed. Fortunately, however, he possessed both courage and shrewdness ; and, on the spur of the moment, bethought himself of a scheme to give bis wife and baby a chance of escape, which, after embracing them both, tie hastened lo put into execution. The inhabitants having quited the town in great haste, hud left almost all their property at his disposal; so he had no dif ficulty in finding what was requisite for his purpose,—namely, u complete change of dress. Having first accounlred his lower man in military guise, he tossed away iiis shepherd’s hat which he replaced with a huge helmet,” a world 100 wide," —he bucketed a long sword to his side, threw a goodly cloak over liis shoulders, stuck two enormous pistols in f,i* belt, and fastened to his high heeled hoots a pair of those pro djgous jingling spurs which were the fash ion of the times. Thus accoutred, he forth with betook himself to the walls, and !*• big with a pompous air on ins sword, he listened coolly to the herald, who advan ced to summon the village to surrender “ Friend,” said our hero, as soon a* the herald had concluded his speech, “ tell ,- our commander, shat though 1 have not yet made up my mind to surrender at all, I may possibly be induced to do so provided i lie agrees to the three following conditions, ! in which I shall make no abatement what* I ever:—First, the garrison must be allow ed to march out w ith military honors ; sec | owl, the live* and property of the inhabi tants must be protected ; third, they must ho left to enjoy the free exercise of the Protestant religion.” The herald immediately replied, that such prepostcriousconditions could not for a moment be listened to ; adding, that the garrison was known to be weak, and con cluded by again demanding the instant sur render of the place. ” My good friend,” answered the shep herd, “do not he too rash. I advise you to inform your general from me, that uotli -1 big but my desire to avoid bloodshed could make me think of surrendering on any terms whatever, - and please to add, that if he does not choose to agree to those I have already stated, lie will gain possession of the town, only at the point of the sword ; for I declare to you, by the faith ofan hon est man and a Christian, as well os by the i honor of a gentleman, that the garrison has lately received a reinforcement he little ! di earn* of.” Ho saying, the shepherd lighted his pipe, ami puffed away with an air oi the most i consummate nonchalance. Confounded by this appearance of boldness and securi ty, the herald thought it prudent to return and state to Gonsalvo the demands which had been made. The Spanish general, ; deceived by this state of resistance, and i big unwilling to waste either time or men in reducing this paltry town, resolved to agree to the condition* offered ; and, fol lowed by his troops, approached the gates. Thislenientdetermination was announced by the herald to the shepherd, who only vouchsafed to say in reply,” I find vour commander a man of some sense. He then left the walls, let down the drawbridge, deliberately opened the gates, and allow ed the Spanish troops to pour into tiie town. Surprised at seeing no one in the street but a strange looking fellow, whose carica ture of a military costume hung upon him like patchwork, Gonsalvo began to suspert treachery, and seizing the shepherd, deman ded to know where the garrison was ! “ If vour highness will follow me I w ill show yon,’, answered the rustic. “ Keep by my stirup then,” exclaimed Gonsalvo ;“and on the least symptom that you mean to betray me. I shall send a bul let through your heart.” “ Agreed,” said our friend. “ Follow me. Spaniards ! fori declare to you, l>v the word of an honest man and a Christian, as well as hv the honor of a gentleman, that the garrison will offer you no injury.” He then placed himself by Gonsalvo’s stirrup, and, followed by the troops, pas sed through several silent and deserted streets, till at length, turning into a narrow lane he stopped before a mean looking house, and having prevailed on Gonsalvo to enter, he led him into a small room, where lay his wife, with her little boy be side her. ” Noble general! “he said, pointing to the former this is our garrison ; and this, ” lie added, taking Ifts son in his arms, “ is the reinforcement of which 1 told you.” Aware, now, of the real state of matters, the absurdity and cleverness of the trick moved even the Spanish gravity, and Gun salvo gave free course to his mirth. Then taking off a rich gold chain which decora ted his own person, he passed it round the neck of the infant. “Permit me to offer this mark of my esteem,” he said, good-naturedly, “ for the valiant garrison of Ogersheira. By the haudofa soldier, I envy you the possess ion of such a reinforcement ,• and you must let me present you with this purse of gold for the use of the young recruit.” He then stooped down and kissed the delighted mother and her bov, and quitted the house, leaving the shepherd to boast for many a summer day and winter night, of the success of his stratagem.* •The above anecdote is authentic, and mentioned in the Memoirs of the Flector Palatine. EXTRACT FROM A SPEECH, BY DAVID PAUL BROWN, EHQ. “Why, gentlemen, who was it that shed the brightest lustre upon the vast science of astronomy lone David Kittcnhouse, a native of Pennsylvania, who followed tho plough. Who was it that tore the lightning from heaven, and sceptre from tyrants ? one Ben Franklin, a printer's boy, who protected himself from the inclemency of the winter by exercise alone, and lived upon a single roll of bread a day. Who was it, when the veteran armies ofGreat Britain faltered and lied, in the Indian war, safely conducted the retreat, und secured the remnant of the army, though he had ‘never seta squadron in the field, nor the division of a battlc knevv more tiian a spinster ; one George Washington, a Virginia Planter. Who was it that shed the brightest halo around the brightest reign that the world ever knew, the reign of Elizabeth —the age of the Raleighs—the Bacons and Sidney 1— j why it was one Ben Johnson, a quondam apprentice to a bricklayer; and one Will Mhakapeare, a peasant boy, shrewdly sus pected of pcochiug upon hi* neighbour's deer. Or passing from astronomy and poe try, to law, who was it rose from low be ginning, to be Lord Chief Justice of Eng land ? one Charley Abbot, whose father was a barber. Who was it that rose to be Lord High Chancellor of England? one Jack Copley, whose father was an Anatneri can painter. Who was it that became the brightest star in the judical constellation of Great Britain ? one Phil Yorke, whose fath er no man knew. Or passing to a still fur ther illustration who was it that subjuga ted three fourths of Europe, and confident against the world inarms, made the Autoc rat of all the Russias tremble upon his throne ? one Napoleon, who rose from the station of a corporal to such consummate power, to such dazzling heights, as to en able him to look down upon emperors, kings, princes, and the other potentates q/ the earth, w hile he unmade them. * * “Alth"Uift 1 do not mean to ray that there never was a great man among th< wealth,, curled dai lings of the nation, yet I do mean to say, and history sustains the assertion, that luxury and affluence are calculated to enfeeble the mind, and that those, there fore. who are great in despite of them would probably lie much greater if remo ved from their influence. Ills a we!! known fact that among gentlemen of the turf, that blooded horses, who for years have been permitted to brows and carter on broken, irregular and mountainous pastures, have acquired s much greater muscular strength, in sportsman's phrase, better bottom, than those who are fed upon a let el surface. The application of this, although a phisical il lustration, is not difficult. Men, whose lives have been an uninterrupted course of difficulty, a perfect uphill work, acquire in time a selfdependence, and a self-suffieicncy and promptitude iu every emergency, which those who have been accustomed to stand for fame on their forefather’s feet, or to lean for ail pleasure upon another’s breast never have known and never can know.” Perilous Escape, —Brig Emma of Bos ton, arrived at Portsmouth on the 9th, from New Orleans, reports that about IStiftilt, on the first day out, about 25 miles from land, picked up a boat with a man in it, who says his name is Francis Martin, that he lives on iot No, 14, about ten miles above Port Jnrk-'v.i, near the Grand (or Big) Prairie, on New Orleans river, following the fishing business, supplying the planta tions, eke; and that he is by birth a French man and about 98 years of age. He says his wife lay dead and he was on his way down the river to get sand to make a grave over her, when he drifted (or was blown) off out of sight of land and could not get hack. Captain Dwight states that when picked up he was entirely exhausted ami was lying under the sail, and not aware that any vessel was near him, and was only aroused by hultooing ; probably would not long have survived ; had been four days absent front home. There was some bread on board Ifts boat no waterand he had drank salt water. Captain 1). says he endeavor ed to speak some vessel bound to New Or l*-ans, or that way, to pul him on board, but had not been able. He is now nearly well and anxious to obtain a passage to New Orleans. Militia op Pennsylvania. —From the report of the Adjutant General, we learn that the army of Pennsylvania is numbered and divided ns followes. Considering that we are a free people, wc have a pretty large army— on paper. 1 Commander-in-chief. ID Major Generals—3l Brigadiers. 34 Brigade Inspectors—l Adjutant Gen. 3 Arsenals. 130 Regular regiments and 5 irregular battalions militia, numbering - - 175,929 Cavalry, 5,000 Artillery and Infantry,- 14,567 Riflemen, 1 1,967—31,53 1 Grand total of militiamen, - - 207,463 AVe understand that a law has been pas sed by the Pennsylvania Legislature, au thorising the Canal commissioners to per mit military companies to travel on the state works toll free. Any company wish ing to taken jaunt, have only to request a permit from the Canal Board. A Large Receipt.— Wc are informed that one thousand dollars were received on the Philadelphia, Germantown and Norris town Rail Road, on the 4th inst., tor the conveyances of passengers.— Telegraph. Importation of Yellow Fever into Portland , (.Main.) —The Eastern Aigits says that the West India Yellow Fever is making sad havoc w ith New England sail ors. Wc have recorded the death of sever al within a few weeks, ol” our own towns men, and those who reside in our vicinity. The brig Charles Jfiller, which arrived here yesterday, lost by this terrible disease, before she sailed front Havana, one of her males, John Powell, of. this city—also, William Cox, a seaman ; and on the pas sage, Mi. John Cook, of Wakefield, N. H., (a passenger.) died July 6th. When the disease is thus being imported North and South, it behoves our Health Officer to exert the utmost violence to keep it on - of this city - . Y. Yor\- Star. Bbau Ideal or a Belle.—ln her person she is well dcvolapcd, clean limbed, full of health and life, and sprightly a* the morning lark. Her heart is as lender as a young squash; and warm as the light of the evening sun. Her mind unshackled by prejudice, and unwarped by early fooleries is the tablet of truth; her soul is the temple of righteous affection, and her tongue the oracle of w Mom. She early selects a partuer for life, and they glide along the current of time with the mean velocity of a raft; and pilch over the falls together, as qui etly as the warm turtle drops from hi* log. Cincinnati Sew*. Fhoji the New Oni.ea.nb Picvycne. CRUELTY OF INDIANS. The barbarity of the Americans savage had become matter of history. They carried their system of torture even beyond the heartless refinement*of religious zeal and w ild fanati cism. The rack mid the screw, and all the inodes of inflicting pain on the human form invented by civilized man, dwindle into noth ingness at the bare recital af the horrid plans devised by tiie Indians to prolong the pangs of their immolated captives. The groans and exclamations of suffering victims, when every cry of agony was deemed a sound grateful to the deity, did not produce in the breast of the misguided enthusiasts or vengeful despot one moiety of the delight which auimitcd the sav age in witnessing the throes and anguish and writhing* of his tortured prisoner. We do not know that we ever read any thing rnors revolting than the following recital of the barbarous mode in which the Indian treated his captives, recounted by Peter Wil liamson, a Scot hman, who was for a long time a prisoner of the Stisquehannahs, and was ail eye witness of their horrible atrocities. It cannot fail to cause an involuntary shudder in j the least sensitive, and make the blood of the timid run cold. “The three prisoners (hat were brought with additional forces, constantly repining at their j lot, and almost dead wilh their excessive hard treatment, contrived at last to make their escape; but being far from their own settle- . meats, ;t>d not knowing the country, were soon iftrfr rne by some others of the tribe or naliolte at war with us, and brought bark. The “poor creatures who were almost famished for | want of sustenance, having had none’ during tiie time of their elopem nit, were no sooner in the ciulchesofthe barbarians, itun two of them j were tied to a tree and a great fire in ide round j them, where they remained till they were ter- j nbie scorched and burnt; when one of the vil- | tains with his scalping knife ripped open their | bellies, took out their entrails, and burnt them j before their eyes, w hile the others were cut- ; ting, piercing and tearing the flesh from their ! breasts, hands, arms and les, with red hot irons, till they were dead. The third unhappy ; victim w - as reserved a few hours longer, to be, if possible, sacrificed in a m ire eruel man ner; his arms were tied cios to his body, and ; a hole dug deep enough for him to stand up-: right: he was put therein, and the earth ram- , med and beat in all parts round his body up to : Ifts neck, so that his neck only appeared above i ground. They then scalped him, and there let him remain for three or four hours in the greatest agonies imaginable, while the poor j creature could only cry for mercy to kill him immediately, for his brains were boiling in his head. Inexorable to all his plaints, they con tinued the fire, while shocking to behold, his eye* gushed out of their sockets, and such ag onizing torments did the unhappy creature suffer for near two hours, till he was quite dead. They then cutoff his head and buried it with the other bodies; my task being to dig the graves, which, feeble and terrified as I was, tiie dread of suffering the same fate enabled me to do.” It is stated in the New York Gazette that when the upper deck of ihcsteam boat Sam son fell, on the 4th instant, one of those who were wounded by the evident was placed with the dead. Dr. Wood, a res pectable phisician of the city, being on board, very fortunately fell the pulse of Mr. Henriquest, then supposed lobe dead, and discovered that he was alive. 7’he Doctor promptly gave the patient some brandy and waier; when he began to revive. The crowd then collected around the Doc tor, insisted that the patient should be bled ! The worthy Doctor declined, and told thc.'ft. that he would not commit mur der by bleeding; that the patient was too much injured to aurrfttof the looss of any more blood. The silly belief that it was necessary on all occasions of accident to bleed, left the Doctor in bad repute with the passengers, but his judicious treatment of Mr. H. saved that gentleman’s life. The course pursued by Dr. W. was approved by two of the best eminent surgeons of New York, who held the opinion that had he yielded to the solicitations of the pas sengers and bled the patient, he could not have survived. Ocean Steam Navigation. —By Octo ber. 1841, there will be thirteen large and splendid steam ships running across the Atlantic Ocean. Not one will be smaller than the Liverpool ami more than half of them will be larger than the Great Wes tern. Four of thirteen willply between Liverpool, Halifax and Boston, and the bal ance will run from Bristol, London, Liver pool and Clyde to New York. The Brit ish Queen is expected hourly and the President will be over next spring; then follows the United Kingdom, Citv of New York, the Clyde Steamer and the United States, in rapid succession. The four Halifax steamers will be ready early in 1841. There may be twenty or thirty steamers running over the Atlantic from different points in Europe to this country, but we can only speak positively of thirteen. A gen tleman who arrived in the Liverpool, told us yesterday, that the frame of the Presi dent was up and ‘hat she would be ready to enter the lists by the first of next May, She is larger than the British Queen. Types. —At the annual dinner of the Ty pographical Society of Cineinatti, the edi tor of the republican gives this good toast : The Journeyman Printer. An odd yet favourable specimen of nature’s handy work ; often a roan a genius ; sometimes a poet ; never a fool ; always a philosopher; a character in which has been blended much of the light shade of humility - , and u here substantial qualities, both of the head and heart, atone for many an error ; mis fortunes which overtake the best and wi sest ot mankind in their journey through life. Ac ic Wheat. —The first parcel of wheat of the new crop was received in the Balti more market on Saturday by - Messrs, John Trimble & Son. It was a lot of 900 bush els prime red, from Tyrrell countv, N. C. and was sold at S! 30 per bushel. Balt. American. A BLOODY BATTLE. TWO THOUSAND MEN KILLED. Buenos Ayres papers to May Hill, received : via Boston, bring the particulars of a bloody ! battle which took place on the 31st of March, ■ at a place called Pago Largo, between the ar ’ my of Corriente* (one of the Provinces of the Republic of Kin de la Plain) and the troops of Kmre Rios (another of said Province,) which i theCornentian, i t connexion with ihe Orien | i*l Republic (of which Monis Video is the i capital) were attempting to icvolutumisc. It | w ill be recollected lh.it not many months since, Gen. Fruetuaso Rivera, or Frutos as he is j famil arly called, raised ati insurrection m tho ; Oriental Republic, and succeeded in oust ng Gen. Oribe from the Presidential chair, which Rivera of course immediately ascended, adopt ing such forms of procedure as would best save appearances - Oribe, with a number of his friends esenp ;cd to Buenos Ayres, and awakened in that capital so much interest iu his own behalf and in opposiiion to Rivera, that the latter determ ined on revenge, and accordingly issued a de claration of waragamst the United Provinces. In this tie was encouraged by the French authorities at Monte Video, who were in hopes the movement would result in the downfall of Rows (Governor of Bueno* Ayres, and there fore ex-officio conductor of the foreign oper ations o the United Provinces.) This hope was strengthened w hen, soon after, means were found to gain the co operation of the Province of Corrientes, through the influence of iis Gov ernor. Gen. Astrada. Ho here w ere the Ori enlal Republic and the Province of Corrientes, encouraged by the French authorities at Mon tevideo. about to make war upon the United Provinces. And for convenience sake they directed their first operations against the Pro vince of E lire Rios. The rest is sufficiently told in the annexed extracts: Buenos Avbe*. May 4.— The official details of the battle of Pago Largo, are published in the Gaeeta Merc.intil, in a despatch from Gene ral Pascual Echagus to H. K. the Governor of Buenos Ayres, dated head quarters Curusa cn ilia, sth ult. It slates ih it the army of Cor rientes, in number more than five thousand men, including 450iofaniry,and artillery, with three t pounder*, occupied advantageous |hi sitions. The right sing of ihe army of Bistro Rios was commanded by General justo Jose I’rqtiisa, the centre by General Servitude Gomez, nod ihe loft under tiie immediate or ders of the commander in Chief General Pas cual Esehague. The Emre Rios Cavalty charged that of Corrientes with such impetu osity, that the latter was speedily thrown into disorder, and cm down in all directions, whilst the infantry of Eutre Rios, consisting of 360 men, with two 2 pounders, killed or took pri soners all the infantry of their opponents, and eaptured the three pieces of cannon above mentioned. The reserve of the Eutre Rios army took no part in the action: its assistance not being ne cessary. The Correntinos left on the field of battle i,960 inen killed, including 84 officers, a* al*o Genaro Heron de Astrada, Governor and Captain G - neral of the Province of Cor rientes and CoiLiii.aider in Chief of its army. 450 prisoners, 500 muskets, 1500 lances, 360 carbides, a nearly equal number of swords, 6 wagons of ammunition, more than 4000 horses, a standard, the baggag*’, correspondence, &c. fell into the bands of the victors. The despatch concludes a* follows— “ Our loss in this glorious victory over the i rebel army consists of 5 officers killed, 8 wound ed, 50 soldiers killed and b 6 wounded.” Buenos Ayres, May 11. — The Legislature of Corrientes has reversed all tiie enaefn ents made under the Beron de Astrada administra tion, both as regards the alliance with Don Fructuoso . Rivera, [President of the Banda Oriental Republic,) and concession to the French; and declared tiie firm determination of their constituents to stand by their country men in the struggle for National Independ ence. It now appears in the most unquest j hiu i’ - ’ in tut, tlt.it not only the Legislature j and the (ujople, but even a great portion ol the ! army were opposed lo the proceedins* of the late Governor, and that ‘measures were in progress for removing him from the command, when he precipitated the action which had I such a decisive issue. Amongst the officers j killed, there were many pledged to promote the conti mplated change, nd amongst them | Colonel Itolon. It is stated that the new Gov | ernor of Corrientes will be Col. Jose Antonio Roiuero, with Dr. Theodore Ganna for his Minister. Such an ejection it appears would m et the approbation of the otiicr governments | of ihe Confederation. THE SINGULAR GAMBLING MACHINE. Ihe principle of the. divice mentioned by the New Orleans Bee of July 2, is not alto gether new, and thousands have probably been plundered of their money by similar means. A discovery of the samckind was made in this city about fifteen years ago, iu a house opposite the Chestnut street thea* Ire. The only difference was, that in. this instant the wires communicated wilh a cov ered bench occupied by the player, who was in the secret, and the hint was feelingly given by pricking him with a stout needle on the sitting part. The spnr was doubtless applied by a concealed associate, when he touched the proper card to play, the “ hand” of the dope being visible from abo-V2- Thin mode of telegraphic communication, though doubtless as vivid as electro-magnethsm, and well calculated lo arouse aud fix atten tion, must have been sufficiently painful, as the neeblc was no trifle, being remarkably thick as well as sharp. A tough hide, stea dy nerves, and an unusual command of countenance were of course essential requi j sites for the individual whose business it was to bear such severe applications, and even then it is not easy to imagine that he could play long without wincing and grim acing at the process of acupunciuralion to which lie uas subjected, especially if the confederate above excited with the sport and jurked tile wires with spirit. But the : hope of gain is potent in gifting men with . patience, and he doubtless thought with Macbeth, that “ the labor we delight in i phisics pain,” even if caused by a needle. This extraodinary apparatus, which was j evidently an improvement on what Dr. Johnson considered the only way of impart ing ciasical knowledge to boys, was discov ered by the owner of the house after the sudden flitting of the rogues, who left their ingenious contrivance, for the admiration of the public.— Pennsylvanian. What’s in a Name ? —The New Hamp shire Whig says it once heard of a faceli tious person whose name was “ Sew'” who named his first child “ Something ,” as it was “ Something New,” His second was christened “ Nothing it being “ Nothing New” Accident to Mr. Clay. —The Cincinnati Gazette , of the tHh inst, says that the stage, ill which Mr. Clay was a passenger, upset near Palmyra (Ohio,) and that he was slight ly injured. Another passenger had hi? leg broken.