Newspaper Page Text
*1 riSfinf tIM
from C.} lel-
Senator Preston, at a public meeting at Col
umbia, in reference to the Charleston and Cin
cinnati Railroad* In this speech, he took oc
casion to bear honorable testimony, from per
sonal observation, to the character, the enter
prise, and public spirit of the North. M e give
place to this sketch with great pleasure—not
merely as a gratifying tribute, from an eminent
man—or as a beautiful specimen of his rich
and flowing oratory —but as indication of the j
growth of a better understanding, and better I
feeling among the citizens of the South, with •
relation to tin ir Northern brethren. The fa
cilities of intercourse are rapidly tending to the ,
removal or modification of merely sectional •
and local prejudices; and we hope that, in the I
continued and increasing intercommunication j
of the North and South, they will entirely dis- j
appear. We would commend the remarks of i
Mr. Preston to the i special attention of our |
readers — Boston Atlas.
Mr. Preston, in his speech concerning the
Railroad, on Monday last, drew a very striking
contrast between the difference of character
of the people of the Northern and of the South- j
ern parts of the Union, and the consequently
opposite condition ot the countries that they
inhabit.
lie said that no Southern man can journey
(as he had lately done) through the Northern
States, and witness the prosperity, the industry,
the publicspirit, which they exhibit, the sedu
lous cultivation of ail those arts by which life
is rendered comfortable and respectable, with
out feelings of deep sadness and shame, as he
remembers his own neglected and desolate
home. There, no dwelling is to be seen aban
doned, no farm uncultivated, no man_idie, no
uiivirrptwjcd. Every petson
and every thing performs a part towards th<
grand result, and the whole land is covered
with fertile fields, with manufactories, and
canals,and railroads, and public edifices, and
towns and cities. Along the route of the great
New York canal, (that glorious monument ot
the glorious memory of De Witt Clinton,) a
canal, a railroad, and a turnpike, are to be seen
in the w idth of perhaps a hundred yards, each
of them crowded with travelers,or overflowing
with commerce. Throughout their course,
lands that before their construction would
scarcely command five dollars the acre, now
sell for fitly, seventy-five, or a hundred. Pass
ing along it, you see no space of three miles
without a tow.i or village, and you are never
out ofthe sound of a church bell.
We ofthe South are mistaken in the charac
ter of these people, when we think of them only
as pedlars in horn flints and bark nutmegs.
Their energy and enterprise are directed to ail
objects, great and small, within their reach.
At the fail of a scanty rivulet, they setup their
little manufactory of wooden buttons or combs;
they plant a barren hill side with broom corn,
aud make it into brooms at the bottom—and
on its top they erecta wind-mill. Thus, at a
single spot you may see the air. the earth, aird
the water, all working for them. But, at the
same time, the ocean is whitened to itsextrem
ities with the sails of their ships, and the land
is covered with their works of art and useful
ness.
Massachusetts is perhaps the most flourish
ing of the Northern States. Yet, of natural
productions, she exports but two articles —
granite and ice. Absolutely nothing but rock
andice! Every thing else of her commerce,
from which she derives so much, is artificial—
the work of her own hands.
All this is done, in a region with a bleak
climate and steril soil, by the energy and in
telligence of the people. Each man knows
that the public good is his individual advantage.
The number of railroads, and other modes of
expeditious intercommunication, knits the
whole country into a closely compacted mass,
through which the of commerce
and ofthe press, the comfo r *«j of life, and the
means of knowledge, are universally difl’used;
while the close intercourse ot travel aud busi
ness makes all men neighbors, and promotes a
common interest and common sympathy. In
a community thus connected, a single flash ot
thought pervades the whole land, almost as
rapidly as thought itself can fly. The popu
lation becomes, aS it were, a single set ot mus
cles, animated by one heart, and directed by
a common sensorium.
How different the condition of things in the
South ! Here, the face of the country wears
the aspect of premature old age and decay.
No improvement is seen going on, nothing is
done for posterity, no man thinks of any thing
beyond the present moment. Our lands are
yearly tasked to their utmost capacity of pro
duction, and, when exhausted, are abandoned
for the youthful West. Because Nature has
been prodigal to us, we seem to think it
unnecessary to do any thing for ourselves
The industry and skill that have converted the,
inclement and barren hills or New England
into a garden, in the genial climate and fertile
soil ofthe South, wouldcreate almost a para
dise. Our natural advantages are among the
greatest with which Providence has blessed
mankind, but we lack the spirit to enjoy a rd
improve them. The rich ore is beneath our
feet, yet we dig not for it. The golden fruit
hangs from the bough, and we lift not our
hands to gather it. The cask of delicious li
quor is before our eyes, but we are too lazy
even to broach it. In thinki ig, in writing, and
in talking, we are equal to any people on the
face ofthe earth; but we do nothing but think,
write, and talk.
INSTRUCTION TO REPRESENTATIVES.
The following sound and judicious remarks
on a subject which has been much agitated
within a few years, are extracted from Essays
by Noah Webster, written forty-eight years
ago, and published in 1790: —
“A law is the will of a whole state,
operating upon the whole state. In our
governments representatives are chosen,
in districts cities counties, or townships;
but when chosen, they are the representatives
of the whole Slate their acts opera'e upon the
whole State and tne good of the whole State is
the object of their laws. Hence the rule
of decision, on all questions, is the common
will, or general sense of the whole State.
Now, this will be collected or formed only in
a convention, or assembly of all the represen
tatives. The reasons, arguments, and object
ions, ofthe whole State can be known only
in such an assembly. They cannot be known
in such local districts.—Hence the electors
themselves, in a particular county, citv, or
town have no right to decide a question which
is to affect the whole Slate, without cosulta
tion with the People of all other parts ofthe
State, who are as. much interested in the
question as themselves. The reason, then,
why a number of electors have no right to
give binding instructions to a representative,
is, that they themselves have no right or
power to decide what is for the common good
of the whole community, without hearing the
facts, reasons arguments, and objections which
oth t perso is may allege for or against a
n -• "il ir m-asure. Forth * electors in a
'?• ■' > ' I - positively what is proper
4’ at wi'houtco .g > h is
and express them; but these opinions, in re
gard to p üblic measures, are subject' to be ;
corrected or modified by the operations of|
all other p ersons who are to be affected by
such me asures.—ln short, all individual
opinions are to be controlled by the sense of
the community, collected in the whole represen
tation.
The popular doctrine of the right of in
structions is one of the most absurd, as well !
ns pernicious, that was ever preached in al
republic.”
From the American Almanack for 1837.
Internal Improvement; Increased facilities
of Intercourse and Travelling
in the I'. States.
The great and rapid improvement which
has taken plav’e in the condition and circum
stances ofthe people of the United Stag's,
since the American Revolution, is strikingly
illustrated by the increased facilities of
travelling and intercourse between the different. I
parts of the country bv means of turnpike roads I
canals, rail mt d cars, all of which were, at j
that time, wholly unknown here, with the !
exception of stage coaches, which had been I
established on Iwo or three short routes. But j
it is since the close ot the Inst war with Great I
Britian, that the spirit of enterprise with res- j
pect to internal improvement, lias been chiefly I
manifested; it is at the present time, especially s
active, and promises, should nothing happen I
to check its progress, to accomplish much ;
more in the ton succeeding years, than has J
been affected in twice the number of any !
years that are ;<ast.
The present, facilities of intercourse are
altogether beyono what not only the first
settlers of thecminiry, but also the inhabitants
no nice than 50 years, ago, could have con
ceived to be possible. The following state
ment of Gov. Everett, at the late centennial i
celebration of the settlement of Springfield. ;
Mass., is scarcely an exaggeration. “Such i
was the difficulty of crossing the pathless j
wilderness which lay between them [the first j
settlers of Massachusetts’.] and the coast, that 1
i man may now go from Boston to New
Orleans bv wav of Pittsburgh. a distance ot
more than 2,500 miles, in about as many days ;
as it took the first settlers to reach the b; nks !
ofthe Connecticut river.”
In the year 1754 a convention of delegates ■
from the England Am rican colonies, met at [
Albany for the purpose of formi g a plan of \
union, and it was proposed, that, if the plan !
Were carriad into effi-ct, Philadelphia should i
he the place of meeting. The reasons i I
favor of that city were stated by Dr. Franklin I
a member of the convention, who was evidently
disposed to give the most favorable representa
tion of the facilities of intercouase which the
case admitted, as follows:
‘'Philadelphia was named as being nearer !
the centre of the colonies, where the commis- ,
sioners would be well and cheaply accomodat.
ed. The high roads through the whole extent,
are, for the most part, very good, in which i
forty or fifty miles a day may very well be i
and frequently are, travelled. Great part :
of the way may likewise be gone by water.
In summer time, the passages are frequently
performed in a week from Charleston to
Philadelphia and New York; and from Rhode
Ireland to New York through the Sound, in
two or three days; and from New York to
Philadelphia, by water and land, in two days,
by, stage boats and wheel carriages that sot
out every other day. The journey from
Charleston to Philadelphia may likewise be
facilitated by boats running up the Chesapeake ,
Bay, 300 miles. But if the whole journey be i
performed on horst kack, the most distant mem
bers, viz: the two from New Hampshire and i
from South Carolina, may probably render i
themselves at Philadelphia in 15 or 20 days; :
the majority may be there in much less time.” 1
But such a change has now taken place I
that one may travel with ease from Concord,
the capital of New Hampshire, to Phi’adelphia
or from Boston to the City of Washington, all
the way in rail road cars and steam boats,
a distance of about 450 miles, in less than 48
hours; and the passage between New York
and Philadelphia, is performed in from 7 to 8
hours.
Stage coaches were very little known in
this country till a period subsequent, to the
close of the revolutionary war; and for some
time after they were introduced, they did not
often go more than 40 miles in a day. In
England in 1706 the stages coach was lour
days in going from Loudon to York, a distance
of 200 miles, which has, for some years past,
been travelled in about 20 hours. The first
stage coach drawn by four horses in Massa
chusetts, of which we have any knowledge,
was established in 1774, running between
Boston, Saiein, and Newburyport. An intelli
gent gentlemen, who travelled in the first stage
| coach from Boston to Worcester, makes the
I following statement: ‘Lemuel Pease,ofShrews
bury, established the first h ie of stages be
tween Boston and Worchester, in 1782: af
terwards extended to Hartford, and subse
quently to New’ York. Before that ti ne, the
public mail was curried on horseback by
Messrs. Hyde and Adams, alternately, every
thing ben g conveyed in a pair of saddlebegs,
and one mail a week only coming from the
south. After New York was evacuated bv
the English in 1783, t e mail was extended
to that city. But the principal intercourse
from the north was by water. In 1786, Mr.
Bullard set up the first hack in Bos on. It
was a chaise, and was stationed by the eld
State House. A coach was soon after
added.’
The first turnpike corporation in Massachu
setts was granted in 1795; the oldest canals in
the United Stales of any considerable magni
tude, are the Santee canal and the Middlesex,
canal, the former of which was completed in
1802, and the latter in 1808. The oldest
canal which has been much used for convey
ing passengers, is the Erie canal, which was
completed in 1825. The oldest railroad in
the United States, the Quincy railroad in
Massachusetts, only 3 miles in length, was
finished in 1827. The rail road w hich was
first used in the United States for conveying
passengers, is the Baltimore aud Ohm rail
road, (not yet finished,) which was opened
for passengers from Baltimore to Ellicott’s
Mills, 13 miles, in 1830. The first steam
boat that was used in any put 01 the world
for conveying passengers, wis one which
commenced sailing on the Hudson, between
New York and Albany
The first post office in America wis es
tabhhed at New York in 1710. In 1790, the
number of postoflices in the U tited States,
was only 75, and the extent of post mads 1,875
miles. In 1835, the number of post-offices
was 10,770; the post routes oovered about
112,774 miles, in daily, or less frequent
trips, the mails were carried on these routes
about 25 869,486 miles, viz:—16,875,050
miles in four horse post coaches aud two horse
stages; 7.817,973 miles on horseback and in
sulkies 906,959 miles on boats; and 270,504
miles in rail road cars.
UNITED STATES.
Th t n-rimrv of th • United St ites contain
•>! - mi' «. an 1 i-
JLate Srom Frsiucr.
Bv the ship Poland, at N?w \ uk. Paris pa
pers have been received to th" 14th Oct.
King William the Fourth, wlmv. il! be here
after called by the name of the Pacificator,
has it is confidently asserted offiwi his medi
lation in the difficulties b.*Uv:*ei‘ France and
(Switzerland. Baron Rothschild, as m the
I dispute with us, is again th • pt mcipal nego
! tiator, and has had an interview with the Swiss
I Charge.
I Abdel Kader, the Arab Chief. h:ts agnii:
I re-appeared with his bedoui s at Oran, to tin
I consternation ofthe French comipaml -r.
Andalusia in Spain, in coiw quenci: of the
daring encroachments and the accumulating
numbers of the rebel Curlis’-s. was d. dared
by General Espinoza, in a state o! siege. S pt.
6th. Gomez was approaching on Seville, S ept.
24th. Portugal continues qiiitl.
I The ceh brnted Russian G-: . Chitow, com
‘ ma.nder of the Cossacks, is d< .-d.
I Ills royal highness the Duke of Nemours,
I was to accompany the expedition to Consian
i tine. (Africa.)
I The ship Pierre Corneil!, from Rouen for
I Cayenne, has foundered at sea in a g-dc off
| Havre.
I M. Thiers, the ex-premi r. wis shortly ex
i p cted back from Italy, o.i aeumut ot tie; cho
| lerathere.
The Seine has experienced aim’oer iimodn
i tion, so that tha stone quays where it rtt .s thro’
Paris, wore nearly submerg. .1.
The Rhone at Avignon, Oct. 9th, had swol
len to a frightful height. Most of that, town,
with the barracks, grave yar '.Ac. were com
pletely overflown, aud boats wi re sailing iu all
the streets.
SWITZERL ‘;ND.
1 The Grand Council of B r,:e has adopted
i resolutions of a v.uv conctiiatorv ti" or. wfih
‘ regard to the course to be pursu-d b\ the de
puties of that republic in the Extraordniarv
I Diet. The appearance is m,<t dr? ntlhir will
be arrar.g d amic ; i>!\ betwe n ,1m two im'ious,
: although the Duke de AIo::t.-b.die lied set out
lor France.
I.oisis i-’liitltri ' rr:
j Louis Phiilippe appeals to b.- b *set with
j difficulties. The moment. Im escapes from
i one pl >t another is coi-wr dto pimvok-.' itis
. downfall. In short, sc:*.ret i. a packet arrives
tli.it we do not. hear ot’ n. w <■ , ,■ pira.cn s and
I further disaffection. For c x.miple, a lat,
’ number of the Loudon Mur.mig Post contains
j the followii g:
“According to our private advices from
France, the position of Lottis Philliope is be
coming exceedingly critical. New and more
formidable conspiracies arc daiklv hinted at,
and men who have hitherto indignantly repell
ed ail Republican association are now said to
be compromised.
“To enable us to see who the persons are,
thus cautiously alluded to, we must refer to
the past. The people who, u ith tlu-ir hands
still stained with blood, raised Louis Phiilippe
to the Throne, belonged to the lowest classes
of the population. Not one man of rank ap
peared among them till the battle wasover and
won—they were led on by the desperate char
acters belonging to those secret societies which
ere known to ramify over Europe, Louis
Phiilippe, however, once on his Throne, the
real plotters appeared—they threw off theii
masks, and occupied all the dignities of the
State. They were speculators on the verge
of ruin, like Lafitte—unprincipled men of
the press, like Thiers—ambitious lawyers,
like Barthe; with the assistanc of an innu
merable phalanx of Generals out of employ
ment. All these, deep in the arcana of a trea
sonable Secret society of higher grade, had
tanen an oath to overturn the old dynasty years
before its fall.
“All these men—cormorants whose appe
tites for places and plunder could never be sa
tisfied—not having been able to give anv per
manent security to Louis Phillippe, have now
been discarde 1. Thiers was the last; and
abundant evidence is before us that long
before his retreat he had fr.itemized un
derhand with the clubbists vi bom he had
previously abandoae 1, and from whom he
hid received, until within the last three
months, the most unlimited abuse.
“Such, then, are the characters—some still
retaining their honor and dignities, others with
seats in the chamber of Deputies—whose
reckless ambition is premeditating a fresh com
motion in France, and another combination of
hired bravos, unless Louis Phillippe will sub
mit to the conditions they seek to impose on
him. Their great lever is the espousal of the
new order of things in spain.”
Very Late anil Important from the Pacific.
Attempted devolution in Chili.
Wednesday Nov. 15.
The fast sailing brig Argyle, Captain Cod
man, arrived at this port last night in only 72
days from Vaiporaiso’ The Exchange Read,
mg Rooms have received papers to the 31st
of August inclusive, from which we gather
the following statement of an attempted Re
volution of Chili.
Information was Valparaiso, by
the Chili Government, from their Minister at
at Peru, that Ex-General Freisc, formerly
President of Chili, was fitting out an expedi
tion at Callao, (consisting of the Ship Mon.
teaquada, and man of war brig General Or
begoso, chartered from the Peru Government,)
tor the Island ofChiloe. in the south part of
Chili, to effect a revolution in that quarter,
against the existing government of Chili, and
sailed from Callao 7th July. His force
consisted of about 14 guns m each vessels,
and about 80 men and officers in both. The
men were mostly deserters from foreign ves
sels, and his officers were disaffected and
banished Chilians. Freise’s intention be
mg to touch at the Island of Juan Fernandez,
and there release and taken into his service
the convicts placed there by the Chili govern
rnent—but on their passage up the crew
of ship Monteaguada rose on their officers and
confined them in irons to the deck, and brought
the ship into Valparaiso on the sth or 6th of
August, and gave her up, with the officers on
bo ird, to the Chili government.
This'information caused a great deal of alarm
at Valparaiso and St. Jago; all business was
at end, and a revolution expected by nrinv.
Ihe Chilian government took every strong
and energetic measures to counteract Fraise.
1 roops were immediately despatched Smith.
Ihe Achilles m ui-ot-war b ig, and ship
Monteaquoda, and schr. Colobolo, were fitted
out and in a short time armed and manned
under the Chilian flag and sailed, supposed
bound toChiloa, i i seatch of Freise’s other
vessel, the Gen. Orbegoso he being on board
that vessel, with his best officers, a supply
of small aims, and money to effect his ob
ject.
An embargo was laid on ail the ports in the
north of Chili on the ,30th July, and lasted
until the 20th August at Valparaiso, but was
still kept on at the other ports. Gun boats
were fitted up tor the protection of V alparaiso
harbor, and martial law proclaimed. On the
26ih August information reached Valparaiso
(by ihe barque Georgia & Henry Captiin
Suii'n ol I.- . I.IIIO', , from Co c pilon, which
r m di ■ .•mb ->g >.
c u t fe t r it ft i ® ♦
bad made good his landing at the Island of
Chiloe, without much difficulty, and that the
troopsand inhabitants ha i joined his flag. No
other information respecting Friese had
transpired previous to the first, of September,
" hen the Argyle sailed, but it was generally
ihoughs that he would soon be put down and
tranquillity restored, as the present govern
ment was very energetic and decided in their
movements, and as a. greater part of the
wealthy citizens of Chili came forward in the
support c.fgovernment.
Business had begun to resume its usual ac
tivity vfier the embargo was raised, and tran
quillity was restored nt Valparaiso. —It was
generally believed in Valparaiso, and also by
'he Chili Government, th ;t the Government of
Perujiad s ‘cretav assisted Freise in this expe
dition against Chili, and it was thought by
mauv that there would be a war between
Chili ..nd Peru. A great many vessels were
detained at Valparaiso during the embargo.
The Texians, though never much discour
aged ns to the ultimate result of tlr-ir efforts in
nchievi ig their independence, begin prob.ihlv
to feel that their enemies are becoming weary
ofannoying th >m, and are disposed to make
some overtures with a view to a final adjust,
meat of all difficulties. Il certainly looks like
it, when we hear that three Commissioners from
the citv of M xico have arrived at Velasco,
attd left soon after for Columbia, for the pur
pose, as it is said, of conferring with General
Houston relative tothe existing state of affairs
between the two countries. The movements
ot certain members ofthe Texas Cabinet also
indicate that some measure is on foot that may
lead to the restoration of Santa Anna from his
c-tpiivity; a measure which we should deem
could be in no manner justified, unless bv a
positive recognition of Texas’ independence,
by Ah'xico. We do not. believe that confi.
donee enn be placed in any promises that may
be made by the captive General, att'.l ifpermit
ted to depart upon the strength of such, Texas
may have occasion to rue its haste and iinpru-
>t:flicient forbear■tnc-t. the civilized world
wifl say, has already been exercised towards
the faithless murderer of those who threw
themselves upon his protection under the sacred
guarantee of a promise to he snared, and should
he now be liberated, the world would be re
lucta it in yielding further sympathies to a
people who had suilered themselves to become
luped by an artfuland designing man, as will
be most prob.dilv manifested on his arrain re
turning to Mexico.
The Textan Congress, through the Commit
tee on Public Lands, we are pleased to see. are
entering with some earnestness, on the subject
ofthe grants of land, which have been made
during various changing dynasties ofthe coun
try, are involved in much perplexity. The
empresarios, or those who have from time to
time received large grants from government
for the purpose of settling, colonising, &c, are
called upon to furnish a l the particulars rela
tive to their respective grants, the fulfilment of
the conditions on w hich they were made, &c.
This step will lead to the definitive establish
ment we hope, ofthe difficulties at present ex
isting in regard to the titles of property in that
country.
The Congress of Texas thus far is a busi
ness like one, and we have every reason to
believe that a disposition to do ample justice
to afl claimants in the government, and to ar
range with proper celerity and caution of all
the varied interests of a newly organized gov.
en.ment prevails in it to a just and reasonable
extent — N. 0. Bulletin.
From the New Orleans American, T2lh inst
TEXAS.
Passengers in the steamer Levant arrived
vesterdav morning from Natchitoches, report
that several officers had arrived the day previ
ousto the departure of the Levant, who stated
that the Texas Government were about to
disband the volunteers, the greater part of
whom would return to the United States. It
is the intention of the Government to return
only the regular army, consisting of about six
hundred men.
The expedition of Matamoras, was not spo
ken of when he officers left the camp. The
soldiers were in good health—and the country
quiet.
jHcnxra.
By the steam boat
arrived yesterday, we received the—(
ville Courier of Thursday last.
Capt. H. informs us that an express arrived
at Jacksonville hall an hour before he left,
from Gov. Call stating that the Army had
crossed the Withlacoochee—no Indians were
discovered—all their villages had been found
deserted; —and that the Army had marched
for Volusia, where a supply of provisions had
been ordered.
From the Jacksonville Courier, 7th Inst
The army left Fort Dr.ine, the Head Quar
ters of Gov. Call, the 12. h inst. for the With
cooch :e.
The following letter received from Col.
Mills, contai s some particulars of their situa
tion and prospects:
“Camp, near Fort Drane. (
Nov. 18, 1836. $
We arrived here with cur Battalion last
night, and are ordered to be ready to march
this morning.
Th? force at present is about 2200 men, in
cluding the Creek Regiment- Gen. Read has
reported to Head Quarters that he has suc
ceeded in getting a Steamboat over the Rap.
ids of the Withlacoochee, and is confident that
he can ascend to the famous cove, if so, it
will be important.
The army will have twenty.five days ra
tions, and that our chance of success will be
better than it has been before.
No news of Gen. Jessup, General Call’s
health is improving.
By the kindness of Col. Dell, we have been
permitted to make the following extract of a
letter, addressed to him by Gov. Call, dated
If th inst. at Fort Draw:
I inarch to-day. I shall be at the cove of
the Withlacoochee on the dav after to-mor
row. I hope you will hear a good account of
ns. I had an express from Cen. Read yester
day. He had passed the shorls of the With
lacoochee in a steam boat. He will ascend
the river to-morrow, and I hope meet me the
next day at the cove. If he does, he will be
entitled to the first honors cf the war. When
he conquers the Withlacoochee, he subdues
the enemy, by breaking down their strongest
barrier.”
From the Charleston Mercury.
Important from Florida.
The brig General Sumter, Capt. Bennett ar
rived last evening from Jacksonville, (E. F.)
whence she sailed on Wednesday evening last.
The G. S. had 16 hours run from light to
light.
A passenger in the General Sumter informs
us that an express had arrived at Black Creek,
o Monday eight last, briagr g information that
two severe e. gagements h <d t.kei place be
tv e put of the Uuit< d Staten A my, consis-
ting of the Tennessee Volunteers and th<
I‘lorida Militia, under the command of Gen.
Call, and the Seminole Indians. The regu
lars and the friendly Indians separated from
the volunteers, previous to the action, and pro
ceeded up towards the VVahaw Swamp, o
one side of the river, and the volunteers on th<
other. VV hen the latter had nearly reachei
the swamp, they fell m with a body oflndians.
which proved to be about one half of their
whole force, and immediately gave them bat
tie. In an out one hour the I idians re
treated having suffered a loss of twenty killed
and a number wounded; the latter they car
tied ol with them. The volunteers pursued
them closely, and encamped for the night, the
enemy continuing on the march. The fillow
ing day (Saturday) they continued the pursuit,
and overtook the Indians at near night fall,
when another severe engagement took place,
which lasted more than an hour, when they
again gave war, carrying off their wounded.
They of killed could not be ascertained, owing
to the darkness of the night. The express
left early on Sunday morning, previous to the
return of the officers, from an examination of
the field. The loss of the whites, iu the two
engagements, was five killed and ten wound
ed. They took prisoner a negro, who states
that the Indians were divided into two parties
—those who were not, in the engagement are
anxioue for peace, and will probably make an
overture so soon as they can escape the vigi
lance of the war party, whose threats they
fear. Both parties are short of ammunition,
and it is expected, should they .eceive no fur
ther supplies, they will shortly surrender.—
Gen. Call intends keeping his men moving in
pursuit, and using every exertion to annihilate
this savage horde. Great praise is awarded
to Gen, Armstrong, of the Tenessee Volun
teers, for his coolness and bravery; and also to
Col. Reed, of the F! rida Volunteers, who
commanded in person. They had not her rd
any thing of the Regulars and friendly Indi
ans, but suppose they could not have reached
the swamps.
The War.—We have been informed, by a
gentleman direct from the Army, that the In
dians have escaped from their supposed strong
hold on he VV’ithlacoochee, and have fled to
the Y'ahoo swamp, whith is said to be only
eight miles distant from the former place, or
have dispersed in small parties, through the
country. The army on entering the enemy’s
camp discovered signs of 50 Indians, who
however, also escaped. An old superanuated
Negro who was unable to flee was captured.
He stated that the enemy had taken refuge in
the I ahoo swamp, and were determined to
fight to the last.
Gen. Call was with the Tennessee Brigade,
at the Co e, on the VV’ithlacoochee, but was
expecting to march on the 15th, inst. in pursuit
of the enemy. It was his intention, we learn,
to proceed immediately to Yahoo swamp,
where it is hoped he may yet fall in w ith the
main body of Indians.
Gen. Jessup arrived at Tampa on the 18:h.
inst. and will, immediately assume the com
mand. What may be the result of the pres
ent campaign, is yet a matter of doubt. Let
us not despair.— Tallahassee, Watchman.
GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
SENATE.
Thursday, November 17,1836.
The Senate refused Mr. Reeves’ motion to
re-consider the adoption of the report of the
majority of the committee on Privileges and
Elections, in favor of Mr. Lawshe, in the con
tested election from Bibb—yeas 32, nays 47.
BILLS INTRODUCED.
Mr. Dunnagan : To prevent the circulation
of Bank bills under the denomination of S2O.
Mr. Liddell : TV) authorise the Principal
keepor of the Penitentiary, at his discretion, to
employ convicts without the walls of the insti
tution.
RESOLUTIONS.
A resolution of the House of Representa
tives instructing the committee on printing to
receive no proposals for printing the Laws and
Journals, which do not stipulate for their ex
ecution within the State —and making it the
duty of the Secretary of State to superintend
the correction of the proof sheets—concurred
in by the Senate.
A resolution of the House of Representatives,
referring all bills for the amendment of the Ju
■..dici-iiEy tp., the Joint Standing Committee on
their consideration, and for
jby them into one bill, of all'
advisable, to be report
nenes of the General Assem
propestyAJepivfys from such reference the bill
for the organization of the Court for the cor
rection of Errors, and the bill to repeal the
amendment of the Constitution establishing
said Court—concurred in by the Senate.
And a resolution of the House, authorising
th« Surveyor General io employ additional
clerks to meet the present unprecedented de
mauds for grants, until the Legislature can
make permanent provision for that purpose—
concurred m by the Senate.
O.i motion, Mr. Freeman, of Franklin, was
added to the committee on the State of the Re
public; Mr. Gibson, of Warren, to the Judi
ciary Committee, Mr Lawshe, of Bibb, to the
Military Committee, and Mr. Cowart, ol Sum
ter, to the Committee on Internal Improve
ment.
The Senate adjourned till to-morrow morn
ing.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Mr. Gordon of Chatham presented a memo
rial from the Committee appointed by the re
cent Rail Road Convention assembled at Ma
con—referred to the Committee on Internal
Improvements, and 300 copies ordered to be
printed.
BILLS PASSED.
The bill of the Senate to amend the 2d sec
tion of the act of 1835. authorizing the issuing
of grants to land in the Cherokee counties.
The bill to re-organize the office of Adju
tant General of this State—yeas 91, nays 72.
The salarv of said office was fixed at $1,500.
MESSAGE FROM THE GOVERNOR.
A message in anwer to the call es the House
of Representatives for information of any re
signation in our delegation to Congress
forming the House that no such resi
had been tendered him, and that s'*" “ *
had occurred, except that created/
of Gen. Coffee—and cotiuniii® -- .
from the Hon. G. W. B. Towui -
to the Hcuse the question,
reference to that subject or not.
RESOLUTION ADOPTED.
Mr. Davis of Elbert : For the appointment
of a Committee to consider and report on the
proprie y of paying nil such accounts for
clothing and other articles of subsistence in
the Seminole campaign, as ’emain yet unpaid,
to report by bill or otherwise.
The House adjourned till to-morrow morn
ing.
SENATE.
Friday, November 18, 1836
BILLS INTRODUCED.
By Mr. Bo d: To incorporate the Flint and
Chattahoochee Rail Road Company.
Mr. Powell, of Talbot: To repeal the Ist,
2d, 3d, 4th and 9th sections ofthe act ot 1825,
or licensing Physicians, &c. so far as they
lubject Botanic Practitioners to punishment
or said practice, and to authorize them to prac
ice and collect their fees, &c.
BILLS PASSED.
To incorporate the St. Marys and Columbus
Rail Road Company.
To remove the County Site of Liberty from
Riceboro’ to the general Parade Ground, or in
one mile of that place, and to provide for the
accomplishment of the same.
RESOLUTION.
Mr? McAllister’s : Referring so much of the
Governor’s Message as relates to the Surplus
Revenue to the joint committee on finance.—
ADOPTED.
And the Senate adjourned till to-morrow
morning.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
NOTICES FOR BILLS.
By Mr. Harris, of Baldwin : Amendatory of
the act of 1818. t'* prevent assignments, or
transfers of property to a portion of creditors
to the exclusion and injury of others, by per
sons who fail i,n business, Ac.
Mr. Jones, of Marion: To form a new
county out of parts of Marion and Houston.
Mr. Barnett: To alter the Militia laws of
this State, and to encourage voluuteer com
panies:
Mr. Wellborn: To appropriate money to
open and improve the road from Loudsville,
Habersham couutv, byway ot Blairsville,
Union county, to the Stateline.
RESOLUTIONS.
Mr. M’KinTey’s : Referring tothe Commit,
tee on the Judiciary to enquire into and report
to this House; the propriety of making gam
bling debts collectable, as the best means of sup
pressing the vice ofgambling, and to devise
and report the best means in their judgment, of
removing the evil thereof — adopted.
Mr. Harris, of Newton : To employ suita
ble Engineers to examine the rivers of this
Stale, tec.—Laid on the table for the present.
Mr. M’Kiuley’s: Instructing the Judiciary
Committee to enquire into and report the ex
pediency ofamending the statute on pages 167,
and 168, of Prince’s Digest, relative tothe
claim of property at Executor’s, Administra
tor’s, and Guardian’s sales, so far as to specify
the amount ofthe bond required.
2d. Os amending the statute regulating the
granting of certioraries and injunctions, so far
as to define the term “eventual condemnation
money.” by making the complainants’ bond
bi.id him for costs rnd all damages sustained
in case the bill be dismissed or injunction dis
solved.
3d. Os explaining the at'achment law cf
1799, so as to declare the makers of the bond
liable thereon in the first instance without an
action on the case for damages.
4th. Os amending the claim laws so as to
authorize writs ot possession to issue on the
final verdict, in favor of ‘he successful clai
mantwhen not in possession ofthe property.
sth. Os explaining the law relative to wit
nesses and subpoenas, so as to declare that
parties shall not continue their cases for ab
sence of a witness, unless the witness shall
have removed within 5 days before Court, ex
cept the knowledge of the witness material
shall have come to the party’s knowledge with
in that time.
6th. Os amending the law in regard to ap
peals, so as to compel Executors and Admin
istrators to give bond and security when
appeal from verdicts against them
h irs who sue for their
shares.
7th. Os
"" lilV r,L> ' -"**_
- \ ii . '..AB
to enti d<jainst
each Executor and Administrator alternately,
first to be levied upon the goods of the deceas
ed, if to be found, if not, then upon the indi
vidual property of the Executors and Admin
istrators.
MESSAGE FROM THE GOVERNOR:
A message in reply to a call for the strength
ofthe militia, the number and location of the
public arms, &c.—transmitting a statement of
the strength of the militia, principally taken
from returns of last year—referring to the re
ports of the military store keepers for the
number of arms—and as to their location, in
forming the Legislature, that about 260 stand
are in Columbus, and the balance of those us
ed in that vicinity have been sent to the U. S.
Arsenal in Alabama to be repaired—soostand
with the accoutrements, are in Cherokee, and
the balance in the southern and western coun
ties of the State.
SENATE.
Saturday, November 19, 1836.
The Senate agreed to the motion of Mr.
Mitchell, of Clark, to re-consider so much of
the Journal of yesterday as relates to the me
morial of the Macon Convention.
RESOLUTIONS.
The Senate took up, and adopted, Mr.
Reese’s motion, to refer so much of the Gover
nor’s Message as relates to the Small Pox, to
a Select Committee.—Committee appointed,
Messrs. Reese, Williams, and Powell, of Tai
bot.
Mr. Reese laid on the table a resolution re
ferring so much of the Governor’s Message as
relates to a geological survey of the State, to
a Select Committee.
Mr. M’Allister laid on the table a preamble
and resolutions relative to the Presidential elec
tion, which will be found in another part of to
day’s paper.
Mr. M’Connell laid on the table a resolu
tion, requesting the Governor to lay before the
Senete, a copy of all the correspondence ofthe
Executive, with the officeis of the 12th divis
ion, G. M. on the subject of raising troops for
the protection ofthe citizens ofthe Cherokee
counties, against the hostile Creeksand Cher
okees.-—Adopted.
Mr. Bond laid on the table a preamble and
resolutions relative to the reception by Con
gress of Abolition Petitions. (Tobe found in
another part of to-days’s paper.)
On motion, Mr Mitchell, of Clark, was ad
ded to the Committee on Internal Improve
meat.
MdfTQVSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
‘he Select Committee,
State into nine
r-JBhgce.
WesJ COU "'
• titers’
InsuraiiMk. M „ K 5n.
Mr. jB - /t<H>n the
Judiciary, -
tion of 6. H. WgC h ‘” s ct of a
new Digest otwL ■-
mending the enWEw " 1,1 8 *<’dertak
mg. aid the purcha® ’ - -j* nunil) er
of copies.
The House adjoumeCTMw
SENATE.
Monday, November 21.
BILLS INTRODUCED.
By Mr. Lawshe: To amend the charter of
the Monroe Rail Road company.
Mr. Butt; To amend the 11th and 12th sec*
tions of the act of 1834 relative to the Union
Turnpike company.
Mr. Floyd, of Newton: To incorporate Em*
ory College in Newton county. .
Mr. McAllister: To regulate the fees of pi
lots in the several ports of this State*
Mr. Powell, of Mclntosh; To explain and
regulate the title to personal property, Claimed
or held by gift.
BILL REJECTED.
To amend the act of incorporation of the
Insurance and Trust company of Augusta.
RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED.
Mr. Holmes, of Early: Instructing the com
mittee on Internal Improvement to consider
and report on the expediency of an additional
appropriation for the improvement of the Chat
tahoochee river from the Florida line to Co
lumbus.
Air. McLeod’s: Referring so much of the
Governor’s message as relates to a Lunatic
Asylum to a select committee appointed —
Messrs. McLeod, Lawshe, Freeman.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
A communication was received from the
Commissioners appointed by the State of Ten
nessee for Hamilton county, relative to the
construction of a rail road communication be-’
tween the Tennessee and Coosawattee rivera
—referred to the Committee on Internal Ims*
provements.
NOTICES VSfR BILLS.
Mr. Harris of Baldwin; To alter and change
the rule of evidence, founded upon the interest
of the witness in the event of the suit, or in the
question.—Also,
To admit partial failure of consideration to
be given at common law. when specially plead
ed.
Mr. White of Elbert: To require all retail,
ers to take an oath to conform to and obey the
13th section 3d division of the peal code, re
lative to illicit trading with slaves and selling
them intoxicating liquors.
Mr. Drysdale; To exempt Justices ol the
Inferior Court from jury duty.
Mr. Burnes: To provide for such persons
as were taken sick in the service during the
late Indian disturbances, and were compelled
to furnish their own attendance, physician, &c.
Mr. Miller: To authorize plaintiffs in suits
at law against two or more defendants, to re
cover against any of them who may be liable,
when they shall be able to prove all the de
fendants liable.—Also,
To regulate proceedings against individual
s'ockholders of any incorporated company,
when they are personally responsible under
the charter thereof.
Mr. Gray, on leave, introduced instanter,
the following bill, to wit:
To regulate the trial of persons for offen
ces which subject the offenders to fine or im
prisonment in the common jail, at the discre
tion of the court.
Mr. Strickland, from the select committee,
to whom was referred the petition praying an
a teration in the line between Madison and
Elbert, reported a bill to change said line, and
to add a part of Elbert to Madison.
BILL PASSED.
so amend the charter of the Central Bank
so as to make notes renewable once in twelve
months, instead of every six months—yeas 115
nays 44.
BILLS REJECTED.
The bill to authorize. .Ijiftjted partnerships,
reposing a tax
.
' C **he pre-
n tUjustices of
d.’Woring the
appolnlHWhPWWptaiJffi <district*.— Agreed
to.
Mr. White of Elbert: For the appointment
of a select committee to take into considers
tion the expediency of the States’s erecting a
lunatic asylum, to report by bill or otherwise.
—Adopted.
Mr. Hampton submitted a resolution, in
structing our members in Congtess to oppose
the receipt of any petition on the subject of the
abolition of slavery in the District of Colum
bia.
Mr. Davis of Elbert laid on the table a pre.-
amble and resolutions on the subject of the
election of President and Vice President ofthe
United State®, in the event of the election de
volving on Congress.
At one o’clock the House adjourned,*
SENATE.
Tuesday, November 22.
The Senate agreed to re-consider the re--
jectionof the bill to amend the charter of the
Insurance and Trust company of Augusta.
BILL INTRODUCED.
Mr. McAllister: To regulate the auditing
and payment of accounts against this State.
RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED.
Mr. Reese’s: Referring so much of the Gov
ernor’s message ns refers to a Geological
survey of the State, to a select Committee
Committee appointed, Messrs. Reese, Free
man and McLeod.
Mr. Saffold’s: Instructing the Military
Committee to report to the Legislature as ear
ly as possible, such mode as they deem best
for the distribution among the Cavalry of this
State of the equipments provided by an act of
the last session.
Mr. Pike laid on the table a resolution re
questing the Governor to furnish Cavalry com
panies in Lowndes and Bulloch with arms and
equipments, in accordance with the act of last
session on that subject.
Mr. Swain, chairman of the committee on
Petitions, made several reports on Petitions
presented, viz:—
O;> the petition of James Gaston, a voluo
teerin Capt. Nelson’s company, for remunera
tion for a horse lost in the Florida
recommending the payment of #l5O out of a ay
money that may be set apart for tosses in thio
Seminole campaign.
Ou the petition of sundry persons praying
the removal of a fish dam across the Higetow.
er.- adverse to the prayer as unreasonable and;
unjust.
Ou the petition for a new county out of
Union and Gilmer—adverse to the petition as
unreasonable and unjust.
On the petition of sundry persons praying
for a part of Mclntosh county to be added to.
Liberty—Adverse to the petition as unreason
able, and one which ought not to be granted.
Mr. McAllister called up his resolutions on
the Presidential Election'—Mr. Hudson moved
to lay the same on the table the balance of the
session, pending the discussion of which the
Senate adjourned till to-morrow morning.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Committees were appointed on the notices
of yesterday.
MESSdGES FROM THE GOVERNOR.
A message communicating the reception of
the account for services in the South-Western
counties, by Companies of Spies raised under
a resolution of the last Legislature, which a
mount to $5,188 exclusive of those ol Stewart
which have not yet been received— and asking
an appropriation of «6,00 J for their payment,
•he contingent fund being long since exhausted
—Referred to the military committee.