Newspaper Page Text
“Tsjhe wine cellar nil the matter?” said
young Karat v ; “divil a doubt 1 have ot my
self toWr for that.”
“So you mean to offer me your services in
the cnpacity.of butler?” said the master, with
some surprise.
“Exactly so, answered Leary, now
for the first time looking up from the ground.
“ Well, 1 believe you to be a good lad, and
have no objection to give you a trial.”
“Long may your honor reign over us, and
the Lord spare you to us 1” ejaculated Leary,
with another national bow, ns his master rode
off and he continued for some time to gaze af
ter him with a vacant stare, which slowly and
gradually assumed a look of importance.
“Jack Leary,” said he at length, “Jack—
is it Jack?’’ in a tone of wonder, “faith, ’tis
not Jack now, b it Mr. John, the Butler !’’ and
with an air of becoming consequence he stri
ded out of the stable yard towards the kitchen.
It is of little purport, to my story, although
it mav afford an instructive lesson to the rea
der, to depict the sudden transition of nobody
into somebody. Jack’s former stable compan
ion, a poor superannated hound named Bran, I
who h id been accustomed to receive many an j
affectionate pat on the head, was spurned from ‘
him with a kick and an “Out ot the way, sir
rah I” Indeed, poor Jack’s memory seemed
sadly affected by this sudden change of situa
tion. What established the point beyond all
doubt was his almost forgetting the pretty face
of Peggy, the kitchen wench, whose heart he
had assailed but the proceeding week by the
offer of purchasing a gold ring for the fourth '
finger of her right hand, and a lusty imprint
of good-will upon her lips.
When Mr. Mac Carthy returned from hun
ting, he sent for Jack Leary—so he still con
tinued to call his new butler. “Jack,” said
he, “ I believe you are a trust-worthy lad, and
here are the keys of my cellar. I have asked
the gentlemen with whom I hunted to-day to
dine with me, and I hope they may be satis
fied at the way in which you will wait on th m
at table ; but above all, let there be no want
of wine after dinner.”
Mr. John having a tolerable quick eye for
such things, and being naturally a handy lad,
spread his cloth accordingly, laid his plates
and knives and forks in the same manner he
had seen his predecessors in office perform
these mysteries, and really, for the first time,
got through attendance on dinner very well.
It must not be forgotten however, that it
was at the house of an Irish country squire,
who was entertaining a company of booted
and spurred fox-hunters, not very particular a
bout what are considered matters ot infinite
importance under other circumstances and in
other societies.
For instance, few of the master’s guests,
(though ail excellent and whorthy men in their
way,) cared much whether the punch produ
ced after soup was made of Jamaica or Anti
gua rum; some even would not. have been in
clined to question the correctness of good old
Irish whiskey ; and, with the exception of
their liberal host himself, every one in com
pany preferred the port which the master put
on his table to the less ardent flavour of cla
ret, — a choice rather at variance with modern
sentiment.
It was waxing near midnight, when Mr.
Mac Carthy rang the bell three times. This
was a signal for more wine ; and Jack procee
ded to the cellar to procure a fresh supply, but
it must be confessed not without some little he
sitation.
The luxury of ice was then unknown in the
south of Ireland; but the superiority of cool
wine had been acknowledged by all men of
sound judgment and true taste.
The grandfather of the master, who had
built the mansion of Ballinycarthy upon the
site o£_an_ofd castle .which had belonged to his
ancestors, was fully aware of this important
fact; and in the construction of his magnifi
cent wine cellar had availed himself of a deep
vault, excavated out of a solid rock in former
times as a place of retreat and security. The
descent to this vault was by a flight of steep
stone stairs, and here and there in the wall
were narrow passages—l ought rather to call
them crevices ; and also certain projections,
which cast deep shadows, and looked very
frightful when anyone went down the cellar
stairs with a single light : indeed, two lights
did not much improve the matter, for though
the breadth of the shadows became less, the
narrow crevices remained as dark and darker
than ever.
Summoning up all his resolution, down went
the new butler, bearing in his right hand a
lantern and the key of the cellar, and in his
left a basket, which he considered sufficiently
capacious to contain an adequate stock for the
remainder of the evening : he arrived at the
door without any interruption whatever; but
when he put the key, which was of ancient
and clumsy kind—for it was before the days of
Bramah’s patent,—and turned it in the lock,
he thought he heard a strange kind of laugh
ing within the cellar, to which some empty
bottles that stood upon the floor outside vibra
ted so violently, that they struck against each
other: in this he could not be mistaken, altho’!
ho may have been deceived in the laugh, fi i
the bottles were just at. his feet, and he saw
them in motion.
Leary paused for a moment, and looked
about him with b vcotni g caution. He then
boldly seized the handle of the key, and turn
ned it with all his strength in the lock, ns if
he doubted his power of doing so ; and the
door flew open with a most tremendous crash,
that, if the house had not been built upon the
solid rock, would have shook it from the fouu
dation.
To recount what the poor fellow saw would
be impossible, for he seems not to know very
clearly himself; but what he told the cook
next morning was, that he heard n roaring and
bellowing like a mad bull, ai d all the pipes
and hogsheads and casks m the cellar went
rocking backwards and forwards with so
much force, that he thought every one would
have been staved in', and that he should have
been drowned or smothered in wine.
When L eary recovered, he made his wav
back as well as be could to the dining.room,
where he found his master and the company
very impatient for his return.
“ What kept you ?” said his muster in an
angry voice; “ and where is the wine ? I rang
for it half an hour since.”
“The wine is in the cellar, I hope sir,” said
Jack, trembling violently ; “ I hope ’tis not ail
lost.”
“ What do you mean, fool V’ exclaimed bis
master, in a still more angry tone : “ why did
you not fetch same with yeti ?”
Jack looked wildly about him, and only ut
tered a deep groan.
“ Gentlemen,” Said Mr. Mac Carthy Io his
guests, “this is too much. V hen I next sec
you to dinner, 1 hope it will be in another
house, for it is impossible I can remain longer
in this, where a man has no commandover his
wine-cellar, and cannot get a buller to do his
duty. I hnve long thought of moving from
Ballinycarthy; and I am now determined,
with the blessing of God, to leave it to-mor
row. But wine shall you have were 1 to go
myself to the cellar for it.” So saying, he
arose from the table, took the key and lantern
from h s half stupifi d servant, who regarded
him with a look of vacancy, and descended
the narrow stairs, already described, whi< h
Jed to the collar.
When he arrived at the door, which ho
found open, bethought he heard a noise, as if
of rats or mice scrambling over the casks, and
on advancing perceived a little figure, about
six inches in height, seated astride upon a pipe
of the oldest port in the place, and bearing a
spigot upon bis shoulder. Raising the lantern,
Mr. Mac Carthy contemplated the little fellow
with wonder : he wore a red night cap on his
head ; before him was a short leather apron,
which now, froxi his attitude, fell rather on
one side; and he hid stockings oi a light blue
color, so long as nearly to cover the entire ot
his legs ; with shoes, having huge silver buc
kles in them, and with high heels (perhaps out
of vanity to make him appear taller.) His
face was like a withered winter apple ; and
his nose, which was of a bright crimson co
lour, about the tip wore a delicate purple bloom,
like that of plum ; yet his eyes twinkled
Like those mites
Os candied dew in moony nights—
and his mouth twitched up at one side with an
arch grin.
“ Ha, scoundrel 1” exclaimed Mr. Mac Car
thy, “have 1 found you at last? disturber of
my cellar—what are you doing there?”
“ Sure, and master,” returned the little fel
low, locking up at him with one eye, with the
other throwing a sly glance towards the spi
got on his shoulder “ a’n’t we going to move
to-morrow ? and sure you would not leave your
own little CluricauneNaggeneen behind you
“Oh !” thought Mr. Mac Carthy, “if you
are to follow me, master Naggeueen, I don’t
see much use in quilting Ballinycarthy.” So
filling with wme the basket which young Lea
ry in his fright had left behind him, and lock
ing the cellar door, he rejoined his guests.
For some years after the master had always
to fi tch the wine for bis table himself, as the
little Cluricaune Naggeneen seemed to feel a
personal respect towards him. Notwithstand
ing the labour of these journeys, the worthy
lord of Ballinycarthy lived in his paternal
mansion to a good round age, and was famous
to the last for the excellence of his wine, and
the conviviality of his company ; but at the
time of his death, that same conviviality had
nearly emptied his wine cellar; and a.i it was
never so well filled again nor so often visited,
the revels of master Naggeneen became less
celebrated, and are now only spoken of among
the legendary lore of the country. It is even
said that the poor little fellow took the declen
sion of the cellar so to heart, that he became
negligent and careless of himself, and that he
has been sometimes seen going about with
hardly a skreen to cover him.
Some, however, believe that he turned
brogue maker,and assert that they have seen
him at his work, and heard him whistlefog as
merry as a blackbird on a May morning, under
the shadow of a brown jug of foaming ale
bigger—aye bigger than himself; decently
dressed enough they say ; —only looking migh
ty old. But still ’tii clear he has wits about
him, or he would never be able to get hold ot
the purse he has with him, which they cal
spre-na-skillinagh, and ’tis said is never with
out a shilling m it.
From the London Literary Gazette.
From a letter from Professor Wilhelm Zahn
dated
Naples, Oct. 29, 1836.
Acte Discoveries at Pc”.npeii.— “ On the 1311
of this month, a valuable treasure of sixty
four silver vessels was dug up in a house ol
Castor and Pollux, in the presence of his ma
iesty, the King ofNaples, and of bis two broth
ers,Prince Leopold and Prince Anthony. They
were Discovered in a wooden box. in a mean
apartment to the right of the atrium of this
house. It is remarkable, that this apartment
is separated only by a wall from that in which
the fourteen fine silver vases were found or:
the 23d of march 1835. this latter discovery
is a table service for four persons, and consists
of sixty-four pieces, namely, one dish, with
two handsomely ornamented handles, one
palm and one inch in diameter. One vase (in
the shape of a mortar), ornamented, in alto
relievo, with grapesand vine leaves, very high
ly wrought; it is five inches in height, and six
in diameter at the top. Two vases (Goblet
form) half a palm high, and the same in diam
eter, ornamented with animated bacchanalian
representations, in the finest basso and alto
relievo: on one of the vases is a young Bac
chus riding on a panther, and on the other h«
is represented sitting on an ox; there are,
besides, many other figures and atributos.
These two vases are quite equal to the finest
of the fourteen discovered last year. There
are also twelve plates each with two beauti
fully executed handles. The four largest
plates are eight inches, the next four seven
and a half and the four smallest seven inches
in diameter. Sixteen cups, or small soup tu
reens,of which eacb|touraie similar. These,
also are furnished with handles. The larger
ones measures five and a half, and the smaller
cups, font inches in diameter. Four small
moulds tor pastry, each two and a half inches
in diameter; four small vessels, each having
three feet, somewhat resembling our saltcellar
and three inches in diameter; eight grooved
dishes, four of which measure five inches at
the upper ridge, others, three and a half, in
diameter ; one line vase, with a handle, in the
form of an amphorn, ten and a half inches
high and four inches in diameter at. the mouth;
two small very fine stew-pans, with tastefully
ornamented handies, five inches iu diameter,
and two and a half high ; one spoon, with a
highly wrought handle; three inches in hiarn
eter ; one mirror, in the form of a patera, with
a perpendicular handle, eight inches in diam
eter; two spoons and five ligutee (spoons and
forks in one piece.) This discovery is the
richest treasure of the kind that has yet been
met with in Pompeii, and all the vessels are iu
excellent preservation. A table-napkin was
found between two of the plates. The apart
ment m which these vessels were found, as
also the one adjoining; above alluded to. were
excavated by the ancients, as appears from a
bolt in tne wall, and the ashes being’much
turned up; but the persons who made this
search cannot have been the owners, as they
never would have left treasures of such value.
The sixty-four silver vessels were taken on
the 14th of October to the Royal Museum,
where they have been subsequently exposeu to
public view.”
Sea Serpent.- An extract from the Log
Book ofthe ship Havre, arrived at New Or
leans on the s:h lust, from Havre, furnishes
the follow fog description of a Sea Serpent jeen
on the 19:h February, by the Captain, crew
and passengers, ot tile 11. (28 i.i number,) —
“ Lat. 85 32 N. long. 26 05 W. sawsomething
very singular about lOOIt from the ship, and
as it approached discovered that it was a snake;
its head, which was shaped like that of a fly
ing fish, and about the size of a barrel, lay
within 51) feet of the ship’s side, and the end of
its tail between four and five hundred feet in a
perpendicular direction from tne same —color
of its body greyish, and about the size of a
ship’s mainmast. As this monster of the deep
moved gradually from the ship near the sur
face ofthe water, its motion appeared like that
created by a series of barrels rollfog it) witter
in a direct line. The day was perfectly calm,
and all on board had a fair view of his majesty
for the space of half an hour, when he left the
ship.”— Savannah Republican.
eEass e»s Enropr.
The following interesting article from the
i North American Review for October, gives a
i glowing description of the condition of the
laboring classes in Europe i.i regard to the
rate ot wages, tne burden ot taxation, the means
! of subsistence, the facilities of education, and
the share, if any, which these classes have in
[the Government. It ought to inspire every
! citizen of this free and happy Republic to
I guard with constant vigilance against anv
; encroachments on the institutions which gnar
[ ar. tee to us the blessings of which our brethren
1 beyond the seas are destitute.
[ In Norway the ordinary food ofthe neasan-
I try is bread and gruel, both prepared of oat
j meal, with an occasional mixture of dried fish.
Meat is a luxury which they rarely enjoy.
I u Sweden the dress ofthe peasantry is des
cribed by law. Their food consists oi hard
bread, dried fish, and gruel without meat :
i In Denmark the peasantry are still held in
bondage, and are brought and sold together
with the land on which they labor.
In Russia the bondage of the peasantry is
even more complete than it is in Denmark.
The nobles own all the laud in the empire, and
the peasantry who reside upon it are transferred
with the estate.
A great majority have only cottages one
[ portion of which is occupied by the family,
I while the other is appropriated to domestic
I animals, —Few, if any have beds—but sleep
[ upon bare boards, or upon parts ofthe immense
i stoves by w hich their hoiiuc is warmed. Their
■ i’ood consists of black bread, cabbage, and
| other, vegetables, without the addition of any
I butter.
! In Poland the nobles are the proprietors of
j the land, and the peasants are slaves. A recent
i traveller says “I have b een in every direction:
[ & never saw a w heater: loaf to the eastward of
' the Rhine, in any part of-Northern Germany,
! Poland or Denmark. The common food ofthe
peasantry of Poland, ‘ the working men,’ is
cabbage and potatoes, sometimes, but not
generally, peak, black h cad and soup, or rather
gruel, without the addition of butter or meat.
j In Austria the nobles are the proprietors of
i the land, and the peasants are compelled to
work for their masters durmg every day except
■ Sunday. The cultivators ofthe soil are in a
I state of bondage.
In Hungary their state is, if possible, still
I worse. Thu nobles own the land, do not
' work, and pay no tc-:< s The laboring classes
I are obliged to repair all the high-ways and
i bridges, are liable at a ay time to have soldiers
; quartered upon them, mid are compelled to
I pay one tenth of the produce to the Church,
1 and < ne tenth to the lord whose land they
j ("occupy.
! Ofthe people of France, seven and a half
millions do not eat men tor wheaten bread.—
They live upon barlevyrye buck wheat,chesnuts,
and a few potatoes.
The common wages of a hired laborer in
France is $37,50 for a man, and $18,75 for a
; woman annually. The taxes upon them are
I equal to ouefifth of its net products.
In 1671, there were 700,000 houses in Ire
, land. Os these 113,000 were occupied by
J paupers ; and more than 500,000 had no hearth.
[ The averag wages of a laborer is from nine
: and a half to eleven cents a day.
< Among the laboring classes of the industri
ous Scotch, meat except on Sundays, is rarely
used.
In England the price of labor varies; the
! Notingham stocking waiver, as stated by them
I in a public address, after working from 14 io
■ 16 hours per day, only earned from four to five
shillings a week, and were obliged to subsist
[ on bread and water, or potatoes and salt.
i There are always, two sides to a thing.
• We hear a great deal of the charms of spring,
j and the glories of ils advent, with a thousand
1 pretty sayings about v -rdent means and flower
- clad hills, ai d all that; but what do the gentle
men say about the “freshets” she brings with
her—those outpourings o.f water that sweep
I before them mills, factories, fences, and other
j property, without ceremony, making the man
who was rich yesterday a beggar to-day ? The
, fact is, that Spring’s poetry is very pretty,
( but her prose execrably bad. in poetic guise
[ she is a nice damsel, well dressed, bautiful. and
: seductive ; in her prose attire' she is an “ up
> roarious.” unmanageable vixen, made up of
[ loud scolding and uncontrollable torrents of
tears. She meets one with a smile to-day
that makes one’s heart melt 'within him ; and
I to-morrow, like a termagant, she will frown
| upon him, and blow him sky hqgh. It is true
i that, after a while, she gets tamer, and lays
aside her frisks and changes; but her good
[ manners only come when she gets too old to
[do any more mischief. In Marc h she is blus
i tering hoyden, iu April she is al ways crying,
| and although in May her smiles n lay be more
counted on, even then she is as capricious as a
boarding-school miss. In a word, she is not
half as agreeable as Summer, who-, if she does
overcome one with the warmth of her saluta
tions, never fails to give good things to make
[ up for it.— Baltimore American.
'Lurnspits.— The enormous joit ts of meat
which come to an English table tire always
roasted upon a spit as long as the old two
handed sword ; those spits are now’’ turned by
a wheel in the chimney, which the smoke sets
in motion, but formerly by the labor of a dog,
who was trained to run in a wheel. There
was a peculiar breed for the purpose, called
turnspits from their occupation, lons -backed
and short-legged ; they are now nearly extinct.
Ihe mode- ot teaching them their business
more summary than humane : the dog was put
in the wheel, and a burning coal wirh him ;
he could hot stop without burning h.is legs,
and so was kept upon the full gallop. These
dogs were by no means fond of their prof ’ession,
it was hard work to run iu a wheel for t wo er
three hours, turning a piece of meat which
was twice their >vvn weight. Some ymars,
ago, a party of young men in Bath hire. 1 the
chairman on a Saturday night to steal aid the
turnspits in town, and I >ck them up till the
followi g eve.nag. Accordingly on Saturd qv,
when every one has roast meat for dinner, all
the cooks were to be seen in the street—“ Pra v,
have you seen our Chloe ?” savs one. “Whyj ”
replies the other,- I was coming to ask yon if’
you Jiad seen our Pompey.” up came a third,
while they were talking, to inquire for h r
Toby—and there was no roast meat iu Bath
that day.
It is told of these dogs in this city, that one
Sunday, they hail as usual followed their mis
tress to church, the lesson tor the day happen
ed to be that chapter in Ezekiel wherein the
self-moving chariots are described. When
first the word wheel was pronounced; all the
curs pricked up their ears in alarm; at the
second wheel they set up a doleful howl ; and
when the dreadful word was uttered a third
time, every one of them scampered out of
cnurch as fast as he could with his tail between
his kgs.
Ludicrous.— Dick Johnson in administering
the oath of office to the new Senate read it thus
“Aou solemnly swear that 1 will support the
Constitution of the United States,” when it
came to the ever ready C.ay he withdrew his
hand from the book, and observed, that he could
not safelv take that oath.
S £ tt t lie r tt Qy y H
Politeness.— A book has been published, |
under the title of “A Manual of Politeness,” I
comprising the princ pli s of etiquette, dee. “We
happen,” say the editors of the Baltimore
American, (and we are ofthe same creed,) “ to
be among those who attach but little value to
the politeness that consist of certain set forms
and well-arranged bows and speeches and
operates under written prescriptions. The
politeness which we love is that, which springs
frem the heart, and has its origin in kind feel
ing. It is the good breeding that, arises from
an unwillingness to inflict upon others any
thi ig which one knows a.id feels to be disa- I
I greeable to one’s self. 1‘ is the courtesy, not I
I of a graceful bow or a gracious smile, but ol j
j that innate kind ess of f- ■ li-'-ir which tells us |
! to b<> s< rvieeable to our fi-ifow b. iags even in [
1 Iriiles; and, whether it ■ performed u i.h toes [
• turned ia or out, a straight, or a rounded sh->ul- [
| dcr, a halon or oh, milters not much. In
our, opinion, the man v> hu feels as he shotdd
do cannot be rude, although he may be nil
graceful ; and, if his feelings be bad, his grace- !
ful attitudes will only serve to make him rude
under the flimsy covering of coxcombry.”
Operations for Cataract. — At a meeting ol
the Academy of Sciences, in Paris, in Decem
ber last, M. Roux stated that, wilhiii the last
i thirty years, he had operated tor cataract 4,500
I times ; not. of course, on this number of patients
i as ia many instances, the afteclioa was present
in both eyes. At the commencement of his
j practice’ M. Roux had no prejudice in favor
j of cither of the two methods commonly em
| ployed ; he viewed depression with as much
favor as extraction, and submitted both to thro’
irial during a period of ten years; he then
examined the res-iit -it ail the operations, a
mountmgin numb, rto about 600. The com
parison led him to form a c-.-i.clusion decidedly
favorable to extraction, and lie has, sir.ee
then, adopted this as his ordinary practice,
reserving the other mode for the few cases
which appear peculiarly adapted for its appli
cation ; the proportion of which, according to
M. Roux, does not exceed 1 to 2J.— Medical
Library.
From the N. Y. Daily Express, April 3.
Thiiigis as ih y arc, aaad tlacir
CiWMes. •
We are where every Whig press in the
i country, in 181-2 and 1834. predicted we should
be. it the mantle ot' prophecy had fallen up-
I on them from above, they could not have been
i more accurate than time has proved them to
be. The Government began an experiment.
We foretold that it would bankrupt the country,
and it is doing it. We foretold that it would
treble the bank capital of the country, and dis
order all regular business, and it has done it.
We foretold.that it would increase the rates of
interest, and throw the multitude into the grasp
of the usurers, and it has done it. We fore
told all that has happened, and is daily happen,
ing; we forewarned the Government—and yet
forewarned, the mad cry was, “ Perish credit”
—“Perish commerce”——“The Experiment
must go on
A. hundred thousand causes are assingued
for the present state of things; and it is true
that many causes have brought us where wi
are; but follow results to their fountain-head,
and the action of Government, it must be ev r
seen, is the proximate cause. Overtrading
the Globe and oth.-r Administration jmir
say, is the cause. VVell, if we grant this, win.
stimulated this overtrading? Who was tn.
cause of the creation of the bank captfiil upo
which it IS supposed to be founded? Assu
redly the Government ; tor the Government
struck down one bank, which regulated the
exchanges of { he Union, and hundreds have
sprung up on its rCfos. Virginia (who is more
faithful?) even now is creating bank capital.
Missouri, (et tu Brute 1 why' does not Benton
say ?) has given us a bank of $5,000,600 ; and
Mississippi has voted a bank of $15,000,000.
Even States strongly attached to this specie
currency Administration feel themselves under
the necessity of creating bank capita! to do the
business ofthe country. It ought to have
been foreseen—and the Administration was
repeatedly forewarned—that the withdrawal
of the capital and circulation of the United
States Bank would lead to a rivalry in the ere.
ation of State ba; k capital, which capital,
when thus created, would stimulate enterprise
and speculation to the utmost possible verge.
The VV hig press of this country told the Ad
ministration that the deposits banks could not
regulate the domestic exchanges, the regula
tion oi which is of the utmost importance to
all the operations of trade. They have not,
and they cannot-, and it is this groat difficulty
in the transfer of money which now
creates much ot our embarrassment. The
Whig press told the Administration that foreign
capital was necessary for a new country, with
great undeveloped resources, and the Admin
istration raised an outcry against it, and Mr.
Rush, aided by the Government organ in
Washington, has done his best to run down
American credit in London, and in all Europe
To a certain extent this maliciousness has suc
ceeded. Even Mr. Stevenson, our Minister
Pleifipotcntiary, thought such an attempt was
too bad, and iu part came out against it. The
mischief of distrust, and of ail its consequen
ces heie, was created. The Bank of Eng
land took such men as Mr. Rush, and such
oracle - as the Government organ, for good au
thority. Mr. Rush, in his better days, had
been an American minister, and a Secretary
of the Treasury. There was an apparent
reason for crediting him a id his treason to the
business men of this country. The Bank of
England in October last commenced an attack
upon American credit. The first onset was
upon American bouses in London. The next
was upon American and bills of ex- ■
change. The last was upon American cotton,
'['hen the blow reached us; and here was the
beginning of the panic that is now frightening
People out of then senses.
Now. when this overtrading commenced,
stimulated as it wi s by the two or three hun
dred State banks which had been created by
the States in a vain attempt to supp.y the place
of the United States Bank, what did the Go.
vernmeut do ? After it had alarmed all Eu
i rope by adopting all maimer ot means to take
1 away specie from Europe that must go back
again, and after its agent in London had cried
c'own Ameriean credit there — then, at the ve
ry moment when the strong arm of the Gov
ernment was necessary to sustain the credit, ot ,
the country at home, and to keep things at j
leas t in statu quo, it fulminated the Treasury >
Or fi r of July, against the will of Congress, i
and in violation of law. It put the W estern I
States under the ban, by allowing the receipts J
of the customs upon the Atlantic to be paid in [
bank bills, while the purchases for the public
lands uiL'st be paid in specie.
The effect of this order was instantaneous
ly filial, net only in the Southwestern and Wes
tern, but in the Middle Atlantic States. It
did not stop land speculators: for, whoever
has marked the times of the sales, will see
that they were prodigious utter the issmngoi'
the order. The result was this: it ilrui.su;
New York an<d ali tl e Alla >tic S -1.--: o; sp - [
cie, and it transported to the West, to !>■ inev- I
ed about in carts, ur.derthe escortoi Gov< rn
ment troops, or to be hoarded up in the West
| tern banks. It did no good there, for the banks |
| dare not discou. t upon it; and as the fact ol i
the non-paym nt of Western and Southwes
tern notes abundantly proves. The Western
and Southwestern States are as sick of it as
we are. Now look at the result upon this de
serted city. 'The importers and jobbers here
have credited all the States of the Union more
or less. When-they draw upon their debtors
in distant States, the specie order preventing
ths debtors paying them, the bills come back
protested; and thus the merchant in New York
has to settle, not only his own bills payable,
j but hts bills receivable! In this condition of
| things, is it surprising that failures occur ? The
• tic tier a man in busmess is, the worse he is.
| -jfl, for he may have $1,009 060,0(10 in good,
I sale property, yet, it he owes $40,000 in cash,
[ he may have to tail, for he cannot get it.
'ihus, whatever way you trace the cause of
i the present unhappy state of things, the Go
! vhk'.ment is found to be the proximate and
[ primary cause. ’I he Government is aecoun
: table for what overtrading there is, for the
i Government was told, and should have fore
| seen, that the destruction ofthe Bank of the
i United Slates would lead to a rivalry in the
creation of State banks i»i the twenty-six so
vereignties, over which it had i;o direct control. [
1 he Government should nave foreseen that the [
. bank capital ot the country would be tripled ; I
and ii it does Hot now know, it should know, 1
that every winter, even, this bank capital wi l !
b* expanded by the States, The Government
should have foreseen that, iu crying flown*
American credit iu London, it was crying down
I American cotton. The Government should
j have foreseen that the Treasury circular would.
I put it beyond the power of many Southwest,
ern and vVestern merchants to pay their debts.
, But the Government was forewarned of ail this,
! and is accountable for the crisis. The Gov-
I eminent is our oppressor. That which should
; dispense only blessings, puts chains and clogs
I upon us. Even now th. Government has the
I audacity to argue with us, the People, about
! the Treasury circular, when we, their masters,
I through our representatives, have ordered its
| immediate repeal!
j From the New York Courier and Enquirer.
It is highly important that the causes which
have produced the present deranged state of
commerce and finance should be clearly under
stood. The chattering about expanded issues
ofthe credit currency is utterly irrelevant—has
nothing to do with it. We undertake to say,
that, the amount of that currency in actual cir
culation is nearly unaltered. But it is that the
individual credit and bank credit of this coun
try in Europe have prevented the consequences
I ot the drain of specie to this, being perceived
j in that part ofthe world, whilst it was going
on—have prevented the commercial communi
ty, both here and there, perceiving those indi
cations which would have checked the insidi-
• ous approaches of danger, and given such
, warning that would have averted dm coming
storm.
M hen we first noticed the extraordinary in
. crease of specie which has taken place iu the
> United States within the last two years, we
were perfectly astonished at the circumstance,
that we had appaiently obtained this specie
without any diminution of our imports of mer
chandise, whilst the truth is, that we obtained
it on credit. This credit, is now at an end--
Wc ardently hope that the attempt which is
; making bv our public institutions to obtain it
j . <rai .on an enlarged scale, may be successful;
j that it will put oft'to a certain extent, the evil
day, is certain ; and, in the mean time, we may
I h->pe < very thing from the energies of this Peo-
I pie and the English, for the interests of both are
I equally concerned.
Iu the natural course of things. ora!ma?os"
under th-: course brought about by th- policy
pursued by General Jackson, we ought, to have
received payment for oi.;: - ex'-oi ts hence m
specie and eoods. The demand ou itmgland
for specie, then, would have caused a curtail
ment ofthe facilities gained on credit, by her
I merchants and manufacturers, and have stop
ped their pecuniary accommodations and ship
ments to us. A counteracting influence would
have been felt here, .'•udthe high rate of ex
change have produced a osniand for specie on
; us. * But, when this was felt, our banks and
individuals availed themselves of lheir open
! credits in Europe, their drafts were rcß.’itted,
’ and the call for specie—flown, under the foS
| termg stupidity ofthe Federal Administration,
! into a hundred channels—evaded. This, how
ever, could be but a temporary expedient; and,
I notwithstanding, its adop ion, and many others
[ —such as the kitd-flyiug drafts on the South
j and back again—the truth has at last forced
i itself upon us, that we cannot have specie with-
• out (riving an equivalent for it; and that if we
wi 1 retain an amount of specie equal to the
value of our whole cotton crop, its effect will [
be the same as if we sunk that crop m the dept hs ;
of the ocean.
We are now in the state of a gallant ship, I
careering on the ocean, struck by a hurricane, i
without any ofthe ordinary indications of its ;
approach. All the mutterings of the coming |
storm prepared for us by General Jackson were
hushed for a time by the exertions and resour- ;
cesofthe commercial community both here
and in England. Ju the state of the world
there was nothing to indicate danger, but every
thing to inspire confidence, yet the inevitable
effect of his policy could not be avoided. We
i ew feel it, and it is persevered in, spite of all
the sufferings it has brought with it. Mr.
Van Buben will find, or we much mistake.
' that this is a most fatal legacy which his pre
j decessor has bequeathed-to him.
From the Richmond Whig.
I The Cessds®iosa of the Country,
j For years past, the increased and rapidly
I increasing prosperity of the country has been
the theme of praise in every mo-uth. The late
Chief Magistrate, in every annual message,
called upon a grateful people to return thanks
to a bountiful Providence lor the s perabnndant
blessings which had been lavished upon our
fayored land; and, in his Farewell, lie repeat,
ed the exhortation, lauded the unequalled great
ness and glory of our country, and felicitated
himself and the people that, he had been the
chosen instrument to achieve so much good to
the human race. His successor followed iy”‘
his footsteps, repeated the same charming tale
and presented the same flattering picture ofthe
unrivalled and unbounded prosperity ofour Re
public. He has been in office but. a few weeks;
the oft-repeated assurances prove a midsum
i mer’s night dream ; confusion and dismay
| stalk abroad in the land, and luin hovers around
I every man’s door.
What has wrought this sudden, this magical
! change? Did we really enjoy the indescriba
[ ble prosperity of which we have been so often
I assured ! or was it all a mere illusion, a strange
hallucination? YY ; ere we, indeed, indebted to
our rulers for the infinity of good things which
they said they had showered upon us with a
liberal hand ?or was the whole a mockerv, a
humbug, devised with malice aforethought, to
amuse and delude us? Let the present unhap
py,- disjointed condition of the times respond.
When Jackson first declared war upon the
cm rency and commercial interest, and an
nounced to the world that “all who traded on
i>arrowed capita! ought to break.” we thought
we read in the declaration the vile spirit, of a
demagogue, intent on arraying the agricultural
against the commercial interest, profiting by
the collision, and determined to erect on the
rums of both his will, despotic and supreme.
He has realized our apprehensions; he suc
ceeded in duping the agriculturists, to unite
with him in his war upon the
deranged the currency, gave being to an in
numerable brood of speculators; created a
bloated, factitious, and unreal state of prosper
ity, which his partisans were for ever extolling
as evidence of his wisdom, and which gave
him a popularity which enabled him to palm
his pet on the Republic. The bubble is now
| bursting—the illusion is passing aWf>y. I l ,c
excessive issues of the pet banks, designed to
impose on the people the belief of a national
prosperity which had no existence, and there
by secure the election of Van Buren, have
wrought their intended effect. The schemes
and intrigues of the politicians have prevailed;
the currency has been made auxiliary to par
tisan aspirations, and the people are now to
reap the bitter fruits of their culpable confi
dence in the representations of men so deeply
interested iu deceiving them.
Hard times will exist throughouf the country;
Lit,in a young and vigorous land like this, pe
cuniary embarrassments cannot. long continue.
! There may be much individual distress—many
: worthy and frugal men may be made bankrupt
I —but the nation will barely pause in its on-
I ward career. But this individual misery,
when clearly referable to the profligacy and
ambition of Government, aixd-wio&w
of no public benefit, merits unmeasured con
demnation. The ruin of one honest man by
Government, much more of thousands, as in
the present times, to achieve a party triumph,
and gratify the longings of unchasteaed ambi
tion, should unite all honest men in the deter
mination to put. down the tyranny. The late
boasted, but unreal and factitious prosperity of
the country, was created to effect the election
of \an Buren. It was known at the time that
the means resorted to, to produce that unnatu
ral state of things, would cause, as they are
now causing, the derangement of the currency,
the destruction of commerce, and the ruin of
thousands of individuals. Ought not they who
have b en guilty of this villany, and who have
profited by it, be made io feel the heaviest in
dignation of an injured people ?
What a glorious result it would be for Mr.
Van Buren if he was to take Kendall and
■ Blair both by the collar and kick them into
the Potomac. There would be a universal
shout of Amen throughout the country.—
VI hat has he to fear? 't hese vermin have not
the shade of a shadow of a party that dare
lift up a voice against it. Mr. Van Buren is
pledged to Gen. Jackson to carry out his mea
sures ; granted. Suppose he refuses to do so,
what is his excuse ? “ Your experiments have
not worked to the benefit of the country, and
I cannot sustain them.” Can any pledge be
valid to do wrong? Allowing that Gen. Jack
son intended by bis measures to do good to
the country, and they should work as they do,
directly to the contrary, can Mr. Van Buren
justify himself to that country, and to posteri
ty, for persisting in carrying out and enforcing
measures that are ruinous ? What is to be
the end of all this ? Revolution!! Merchants
fail—money is not to be had—laboring men
starve—every State feels the pressure, and fi
nally injury and suffering blow up a flame that.
j will destroy the Administration. Why will
i the President have the moral courage to per
sist unnecessarily in carrying out such oppres
sive measures ? He must be
the result. If he sides with Blair.
B-: . W inmey. against the ■.
of In- Cabinet, can they
lers Mid) honor ?
4- -iat
t its height.—oV. Y. /Evening Star.
From the National Intelligencer.
GlrcaS Impropriety.
In his testimony before the investigating
Committee of the House ot Representatives
at the late session of Congress, Judge White
states the facts hereto subjoined. Judge VV.
[ then officiated as President of the Senate.
[ Nothing supposable for a President to attempt
i Could be more reprehensible than this effort to
j direct, through the appointment of a commit
j tee, the legislation of Congress. Judge W’s
j statement is made upon oath ;
“ During this same session of 1832 and 1833
it will be remembered, the United States seem,
ed to be on the eve ot a civil war with South
Carolina, on account ot the Tariff’; and that
a bill was sent to ?.hs House of Representa
tives from the Treasury Department, proposing
a modification and reduction of it; that the
provisions of that bill were so changed in the
House, that it became very unacceptable to a
large majority, and had no prospect of fin&L'y
[ passing; that, in this state of things, and after ’
. what was called the Force bill had been consi- ,
j derabiy discussed in the Senate, Mr. Clay in- i
■ troduced what is commonly called the Compro
mise bill; and upon its second reading it had
been referred to a select committee, composed
of seven members.- This committee it • was !
my duty, as presiding officer, to appoint. Be
fore the members were named, I received a
note from the President, requesting me to go
to his house, as he wished to see me. I re
turned for answer, that while the Senate was
in session it was out of my power to go ; but
as soon as it adjourned, I would call on him. [
I felt the high responsibility which rested on ■
me in appointing the committee: the fate of
- bill, in a good degree, depended upon it;
and if the bill failed, we would probablv be in
volved iu a most painful conflict. I endeav
ored to make the best selection I could, by ta
king some tariff’ men, some anti.tariff, one nul
iifier, and Mr. Clay himselt—hoping that if a
majority of a committee, in which all interests
and views were represented, could agree on
any thing, it was likely it would pass. Ta
king these principles for my guide, I wrote
down the names of seven members, Afr. Clay
ton, of Delaware, being one; and,immediate- !
ly before wc adjourned, handed the names to .
the Secretary, with directions to put them on |
the journal, and iu the course of the evening I
waited on the President. Soon after we met, i
he mentioned that he had wished to see me on ■
the subject of appointing a committee on Mr. j
Clay’s bill, to ask that Mr. Clayton might not i
on it ; as he was hostile to the Admin
,. and unfriendly to Mr. McLane, he
; J he woulffgggjjffiis endeavor to have a
pia&ftirence 'lay’s bill over that ;
ot the Secrete or words
to that effect - that it
would alwaw 4. leasure to con- I
form to - /”‘political friends, '
whenever I m propriety ; but
that the
mangled, and thafiXliwiderstood, in a good
degree, by the votes 6f his own party, that it
had but few triends ; that we seemed to be on
the eve of a civil war, and that, for the sake
of averting such a calamity, I would further
all in my power any measure,come from whom
it might, which would give peace to the conn,
try; and that any bill, having that for its ob
ject, was esteemed by me a measure above par
ty; and any man who was the author of it
was welcome to all the credit ho could gain
by it. But, at all events, it was too late to
talk on the subject, as I had handed the names
of the committee to the Secretary before we
adjourned ; and that as I had a very high o
pinion ol Mr. Clayton’s talents and liberal fee-
lings, I had put him on the committee, without
knowing he was personally unkind to the Se
cretary of the Treasury. He then asked me
if I could not see the Secretary ot the Senate
ihat evening, and substitute some other nanw
for Mr. Clayton, before the journal was made
up: I told him I could not—in my judgment
it would be wrong : and then the interview
terminated.”
SoutUcrn Wli
Atlicns, Ga. Nafiirilujr, April 22, 1837.
We present to our reade r s to-day the latest
intelligence from the North, relative to the
sure in the money market; from which, it
seems that the gloom that has for some time
pervaded our commercial relations, has not
dissipated. Having just returned from the
great theatre of these operations, we can adff
our testimony in support oi the distress which
extends to all classes of the community —anti
we hazard nothing in saying, that the press in
New Y ork generally, so far from exaggerating
the state of things, have in many instances
been rather disposed to evade an unvarnished
tale of facts.—lndeed it would be difficult to>
describe the distress and gloom which is visi
ble in every countenance ; and ail would rath
; or turn from the unpleasant duty, than expose
I the real situation of their commercial friends,
[ who are daily compelled to acknowledge their
i inability to meet their engagements.
I For this unparallclled distress, there are ma-
I ny reasons assigned by those well informed in
commercial operations, and as many modes
j for relief suggested, as the inventive minds of
; active and enterprizing financiers can devise ;
1 but all prove ineffectual—and the distress still
goes on—crushing down in its progress the
( Merchant, Mechanic and Manufacturer, as
' well as the man of ease and wealth who had,
retired upon his fortune. Confidence is de
stroyed; and every man distrusts his neigh
! bor—and even his friend. Until this is restor-
I ed, we see no hope of relief; nor can we anti
' cipate for a moment such a glorious result,
' until some effective measure is taken for its
; restoration.
Nor has this gloom been confined to the
i commercial marts ; —it is spreading throughout
the entire country, and all are made to feel its
effects, either t'rotn sympathy for our friends,
or what is still more piercing, perhaps, its en
croachments upon our own interests.
Among the causes assigned fur the panic
are, overtrading, the wild and visionary range
of speculation which seems to have pervaded
all classes of the community whose means
authorized their embarking in it—and not
among the least—the Specie Circular, which
has had the effect to direct so mych of the spe
cie of the country from its natural commercial
channels.
Such ts the continued drain which is kept
up on the Northern Banks for specie, by the
! operation of this desperate measure of a more
administration, that the Banks in all
the country from whence it is drawn,
di-iru-l fin.ui-viv ts. id miikr the in.
this feeling, curtail their discounts
! facilities. All of the causes assigned have no
[ doubt contributed to produce the present cri
sis ; but none have y ielded so largely tu its
I support, as this infamous measure of the past
■ administration.
The following article from the Southern Re
corder, accords so well with our own views
> in relation to our own State, that we cannot
deny it a place :
“ Perhaps the chief cause of difficulty’ in
our State will be, from the planters holding on
to their crops and delaying their settlements for
advances, tec., and thus seriously perhaps em-<
barrassing our merchantsin meeting their own
debts at the north and elsewhere, which of
course are pressed at present unrelentingly.
: upon them. The banks too, we believe have
i pretty much shut up shop ; and the merchant
is cut of: from this usual resource, on the fail
ure of the prompt payment of his own deb
tors. But on the whole, we believe most con
fidently that Georgia will weather the storm
most triumphantly. Some may fail— a very
. few we trust; some will be disappointed in the
■ amount to be realized fortheir crops; and the
• commission merchant who has largely advan
! ced, and is dei'ay«d in his reimbursement, mav
! be tightly pinched, perhaps may be compelled
to suspend his own payments; but for ali, we
[are sanguine in the belief of the speedy
j enthralment of Georgia from all her difiicul-,
ties.
There is much in the embarrassed state off
affairs in New York, with which we are un
acquainted, and which does not, nor cannot
operate injuriously upon us, although it mav
be crushing to many there. These secret cau
[ ses of distress will only developo themselves
I slowly, and as circumstances not lo be evaded,
may bring them to light. To suppose be
cause the city of New-York is in a lamentable
situation so far a» pecuniary matters are con
cerned, and threatens to become totally bank
rupt ; to suppose we repeat, that because it is
thus with the city ofNew-York, that Georgia
must necessarily follow in her downfall, is a
supposition unfounded in fact, and which should
not be credited for a moment. Because New.
A ork may fail, it is by no means a carrollary
that Georgia must fail too. It is no such
thing. Georgia is in a sound and safe condi
tion. We believe she will hardly feel the
change of the times—we are certain that she
can stand erect, let them be twice as bad.
Our great staple to be sure has fallen, but wt»
can meet our debts even with the fall. Lot
us cheerfully perform all our obligations to
society and to ourselves, jn the undoubted
confidence, that though gloom now darkens
the face of society, and clouds somewhat be
dim our prospects, the sun will the sooner
appear ; that although cotton is low to-day
this is no valid reason why it should not he bet.
to-m wrow. This crop may be diminished in
value ; perhaps the next may moyc than make
up for it.” .
Knickerbocker.
I n our columns to-day will be found the con,
tents ot tl;c April No. ot this interesting and
able periodical. We have already had occa
sion frequently to express our opinion o f the
ability with which this work has been con
ducted, and we deem it but justice to add, that
the present No. fully sustains its high reputa.
lion.
In this place on Tuesday evening- the 4th nf
Vprik by the Rev. Dr. Church, Robert B 4/
rxiNDER. Esq. of Columbus, (G a .) to Miss Ann
third daughter ofthe late Hbn. Stephen
YY . Harris. ‘ •