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BY JAMES W. JONES.
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CLARK &. Bur Dine.
June 30. 1838—9—ts __
NEW TAILOR’S SHOP,
THE undersigned, recently from the City of
New-York, respectfully informs the citi
giiw of Athens, and the acjacent country, that
■kas opened a Shop in the House formerly
Qtlice by Doet. Ware, in this
Hp;,- Bunk, where lie will be hap-
BTiiy orders with which he may
i? * of business. He has had
■Experience in the business, ami
■]M|BKct<> it his personal attention. His
MKn will also be first rate; and he hopes,
■Rfhis assiduous efforts to please, to receive a
share of the patronage ofa liberal public.
Cutting of all descriptions, will be done
on the shortest notice, and in the most fashion
,ble,lyk - D. F. CRANE.
Dec. 3,-31—tf
FOUR months after date application will be
made to the honorable Justices of the In
ferior Court of Madison county, sitting for or
dinary purposes, for leave to sell part of the real
Estate of Benjamin Smith, late of said County,
deceased. .
SIDAY A. SMITH, Adm’r.
Sept. 8, —19—4m
FOUR months after date, application will be
made to the Honorable Inferior Court, when
sitting for ordinary purposes of Habersham
county, for leave to sell all the Lands and Ne
groes belonging to the Estate of Benjamin
Vaughan, late of said County deceased.
JNO. 11. JONES, Adm’r.
JULIA VAUGHAN, Adm’rx.
July 28,—13—4m _____
GEORGIA, CL ARK CO UNTY.
WHEREAS, Seaborn J. Mays applies for
Letters of Administration on the Estate
of William Hays, sen’r. late of Lincoln-county
deceased.
This is therefore to cite and admonish all, and
singular the kindred, and creditors of said dec’d.
to be and appear at my office within the time
E rescribed by law, to shew cause, it any they
ave, why said letters should not be granted.
Given under my hand at office, this 14th Au
gust, 1838.
DAVID J. FENN, o. c. c. o.
August 18, 16 Im
GEORGIA CLARK COUNTY,
WHEREAS, Aaron Crow, Administrator of
Margaret Crow, deceased, applies for
’Letters of Dismission.
This is therefore to cite and admonish all, and
■singular the kindred and creditors of said dec’d.
to be and appear at my office, within the time
prescribed by law, to shew cause (if any they
have) why said letters should not be granted.
Given under my hand, this 7th day of August,
1838.
D AVID J. FENN, n. c. c. o.
August 11—14-6 m
Agency, Augusta Ins. 4L Bkg.Co.
At Athens.
inpillE undersigned is prepared to take risks
JI- against firo, in this place, and the adjacent
Towns and Villages, or in the country, at fair
rates of premium.
WM. M. MORTON, Agent.
July 28,—13—fflrn
FOUR months rtfter date application will be
made to the honorable the Inferior court o
Madison county, setting for ordinary purposes
for leave to sell the real estate of Killis C.
Bridges, dec’d.
JAMES SPRATLING, Adm’r
de bonis non.
May, 26 1838—4 4m.
GEORGIA, JACKSON COUNTY.
ISAAC BORING, Tolled before me an estray
small sorrel! Horse, with a small white spot
in his forehead and a brand on his right thigh,
(but the brand unknown) supposed to be four
years old—appraised by B. J, Camp and John
Hancock, to eighteen Dollars.
JOHN G. HOUSE, J. P.
A true extract from the Estray Book, Sept
lb, 1838.
WILLIAM COWAN, Clk.
Sept. 115—20 —2|
xSßStefcK E ;IX%x j fX ii fit fl '
THE LAST WISH.
Il is related in the Biography of Wilson, the Ameri
can Ornithologist, that lie expressed a wish when con
versing upon the subject of death, that when he died he
might be buried where the birds should come aud sing
over his grave.
In the wild forest shades,
Under some spreading oak, or waving pine,
Or old chn, festooned with the gadding vine,
Let me be laid.
In this dim lonely grot
No foot,intrusive will disturb my dust;
But o’er me songs of the wild bird shall burst—
Cheering the spot.
Ndt amidst charnel stones,
Or coffins dark, and thiek with ancient mould—■
With ta.dercd pall, and fringe of cankered gold,
May rb'stiny bones.
But let the desy/ r° se ,
The enow-drop and th.e violet lend perfunw,
Above the spot, where 1U my grassy tomb,
I take repose.
Year after year,
Within the silver birch tree o’er me hung,
The chirping wren shall rear her calling young,
Shall build her dwelling near.
And eVe.r at the purple dawning of the day,
The lark shallCi’.ant a pealing song above,
And ths shrill quail, when ths eve grows dim and
gray,
Shall pipe her hymn for love.
The black-bird and the thrush,
And golden oriole, shall flit around,
And waken, with a mellow gust of sound,
The forest’s solemn hush.
Birds from the distant sea,
Shall sometimes thither flock, on snowy wings,
And soar above my dust in airy rings,
Singing a dirge to me.
A RAMBLE AMIDST THE ROCKY
MOUNTAINS OF SOCOTRA.
By Lieut. J. B. Wellsted, Author of “Travels
in Arabia.”
Circumstances connected with my public
duties, while engaged in a maritime survey of
Southern Arabia, induced me to wander two
mouths over this solitary and almost unknown
island. It was reported to be equally iusulu
brious with the eastern coast of Africa, off'
which it lies > bu’ I slept in caverns, on rocks,
and under trees, during the who.c period with
out my own health suffering to any considera
ble extent. It may, however, be observed
of travellers in general, that, xv hile on the
move and under the excitement of a variety
es successive objects passing before them,
they rarely fall sick, while, should the same
individual remain stationary in an insalubrious
district, irritation of mind, from delay or other
causes, but two frequently predisposes and ef
fects such a result.
1 know not a more singular snot on the
whole surface of the globe than the Island of
Socotra ; it stands forth a verdent isle in a sea,
girt by two most inhospitable shores, yet its
wooded mountains, its glens, its sparkling
streams differ not more from their parched and
burning deserts, their bleak and wasted hills,
than do its mild and inoffensive inhabitants
from the savage and ferocious hordes by which
they are traversed. Strange, too, as is the
anomaly of 5000 people, all split into differ,
ent tribes, and existing without laws or govern
ment ; yet offences against tho good order of
society appear less frequent than with even the
more civilized nations of Europe. My pur
suits and researches were certainly calculated
to excite suspicion with a bigoted or ignorant
people, yet 1 met with no interruption on my
former visit, although journeying alone without
any other protection than tho good feeling 1
might excite in my progress.
1 learnt upon a vist some months after that
here alluded to, that it was anticipated a Brit
ish force would soon occupy the island, and 1,
therefore, became exceedii Igy anxious that
some spot should be looked for that would an.
swer for the transmission of theii invalids.
Now Europeans attacked by tropical disorders
are, if the elevation is sufficiently considers,
ble, very generally restored to health by a resi
dence on mountainous tracts. Such a ridge
many of its points elevated 5000 feet above
the level of tho sea, rises close over the town
nfTnmnrida. the station it uas stlDDoscd the
ot 1 amariua* uie suuion u buppuscu me
force should occupy, and appeared at once to
answer admirably for such a purpose. I had
on my previous visit examined them but cur
sorily, and I now determined by a res.dencc
thereon for several days to set the matter who]-
ly beyond doubt.
My preparations were soon made; tho ne
cessary instruments for meteorological and
other observations, a small gipsy tent to pro
tcct me from the dews at night, and my cloak,
were nil I cared to provide myself with; for
provisions I depended on v. hat I could obtain
on the mountain. My only companion was
John Sunday, a Nubian boy, who had been
the sharer of my wanderings for years.
Ou the morning ol tho 10th January, 1835,
wo quitted the vessel, and two hour’s brisk
walking along a shepherd's track brought us
to the base of tho mountains. The atmos
phere was so close and sultry, that I was ba
thed in persmralion, and received with much
thankfulness a bowl of rndk which some Be
douins tendered me. Imagining I should suf
fer from the cold as much as themselves, they
laughed at tho idea of my passing several days
there, and predicted that the morrow would
again find ma on tho plains,! gladly, how.
ever, accepted the offer of two ol then num
ber, who tendered their service to act as
guides and carry the tent, which bad been
brought thus far on the back ot a camel.
We ascended by Wadi Aiui, a prebipitious
and rugged glen, very narrow, and thickly
wooded. ’Tho soil was a rich, dark loam, nou
rishing a great variety ol bcaulilul lloweis.
After two hours hard lagging, climbing in ma
ny places, and holding on by the roots and bran
ches of trees, we halted about 3 1 . M. undei
an impending rock. A few minutes belore " e
did so, I was very nearly bitten by a s >;tke,
which the r.atives call Java, and tho bite ot
which, they say, proves mortal in the course
of a few hours. It had, apparently, just gor
ged a bird or some reptile, tor it was lx log in
a halt toipid state, partially coiled round the
branch of a tree which in colour it so nearly
resembled, that, though my hand was neaily
touching the head. I did not distinguish it.
Sunday, more quirk sighted, did ; and I drew
ui)’ hand hastily away as it 'vas real mg its
“WHERE POWERS ARE ASSUMED WHICH HAVE NOT BEEN DELEGATED, A NULLIFICATION OF THE ACT IS THE RIGHTFUL REMEDY.” JcfferSOU.
ATREAS, GEORGIA, SATiRDAY, SEPTEMBER 29,
head. We killed him. It was singular,
much as my ’var.dernigs put me in the way of
meeting snakes, and numerous as they are de
scribed to be oti this island, yet this is the on
ly occasion in which I have been put so near
ly in contact with them.
What a delightful and graceful change, from
tne over-heated and sultry atmosphere below,
to the coolness and invigorating freshness of
these regions! Seating myself on the verge
of a precipice overhanging the valley, I gazed
on the scene around. Every object, after be
ing so long accustomed to the naked, arid sce
nery of Arabia, was novel and interesting. I
have travelled much amidst the mountain see.
nery of that country, of Persia, and of India,
but that of Socotra, in wildness and roman
tic grandeur, surpasses all. The sun at this
early period of the day was sinking beneath
the Western Mountains, and their shadows
already obscured a portion of the glen ; the
clustering foliage, clothing portions more ele
vated, was yet warmed by its golden beams,
which, partially obscured by the trees under
which I was seated, then agitated by the wind,
fell in checkered and variagated light around
us, while many and beautiful! tints illuminated
the ragged and pinnacled summits of the na
ked granite spires which tower above all.
On the opposite side of the glen a clear ami
sparkling stream holds its wild uml sportive
course, here peeping forth from beneath the i
foliage, and glowing and quivering in the sun. i
beams, or the n hurrying forward to lose it- .
self for a brief space in the clear blue pool be- ;
neath. On that craggy pinnacle above, where <
at this distance, it appeared difficult to con- t
ceive that the foot of man could have found a i
resting place, is perched a shepherd, his figure
standing out in bold relief against the blue
vault of heaven. His voice alone breaks the
stillness of the scene, tho peculiar shrillness
rendering it distinguishable from afar, while
his flocks, in obedience to his call, are perceiv
ed wending the serpentine course down the
almost perpendicular face of the mountains.
When daylight had ceased to soften the pic
ture, I rejoined Sunday, who was busily em
ployed cooking, after the Socotrean manner a
kid, winch had a few minutes before been
brought by K Bedouin : the bones were first
removed, and the yfhole mass was then thrown
into an earthen pot. some rice in addition to
this, formed an excelled ’Deal, to which the
whole party sat down. Sui)m?y and wyself, at
first, with the advantage ofotir kn.’Ves, held the
lead, but were soon compelled to ro.hr'quish it;
our best were but puny efforts, compared to
those of our rivals, who did not desist until
they had cleared the board. The capacity of
these islanders in such mutters is indeed prodi
gious, and they often express surprise at the
far smaller quantity of food which sufficed us.
In the evening I accompanied the new comers
to their cave, which was situated a short dis
tance further up the mountain. Abundance
of fuel was at hand, and a blazing fire soon
roared its cheerful flames between us. As
these rose red and flickering and fantastic
wreaths to the roof, it lighted up a wild and
romantic scone. The irregular surface of-thc
projecting masses in the interior of the cave
stood forth in bold relief, while the lofty arch
ed roof, and numerous caverns tnoro retiring
and remote, were lost in the deepest gloom.
Nor was the interest of the scene lessened by
the appearance of my companions, whose
half-naked figures, plaited hair, and peculiar
marked and expressive countenances were also
in savage keeping with the rest of the picture.
Some of the party spoke Arabic, and 1 was in
consequence able to converse with them. I j
was most anxious,since (hey had boon in pretty ,
constant communication with the English for ;
sonic time, to know w hat they thought of us, !
as contrased with our visitors. Their reply j
was, a very simple one ; “You always pay for :
what you receive, and never maltreat us or ■
our females, as the pilgrims and others who !
have touched here did before you ; so that '
we, who at first always fled at your approach,
no longer do so, but bring sheep, as you have I
witnessed this evening, and cat them with ;
you.” 1 observe that more than one foreign
traveller in the East has brought a charge
against the English, that they aro repulsive
and imperious in their demeanour towards the
Asiatics, and are, consequently haled by them.
This is just one of those sweeping clauses
which sounds high, and has just enough ol
‘.ruth in it to allow of its occupying ths atten
tion until we reason or examine the grounds
for such a positition. No European can be
liked in the East; both the Hindoo and Ma
homedan religious forbid it.; but let it bo asked
what other European nation lias been more
successful than ourselves in obtaining their
good wishes ? The Dutch, tho Portuguese,
the French—thev were severally in power in
India. Were they than loved more than our
selves, or than they are now at Java, Manilla,
and Algiers? Had tho English been in pos
session oftho latter city as long as the French
1 think our relations with the Bedouins which
surround it would have been different, and that
we should have been able to h ive shown our
selves without the walls without the certainty ol
being shot at from every bush. Admit that
that the manners of my countrymen aro not
the most bland and conciliatory in the world
to what high moral attributes, and principle:
are we to ascribe the superior regard and con
sideration an Englishman enjoys in those coun
tries over most other foreigners ? “I observe
this difference between an Engli.-hinan and
any other Frank,” said a merchant once to me
at Cairo; “I believe the word ofthe former, 1
do ..ot that of the latter. When another Frank
owes mo money I am anxious to get it paid,
for ! am convinced he will not do so until he
is absolutely obliged. When an Englishman,
on the contrary, I feel no anxiety, for he seeks
me out and seems iincomfoitable until my
debt is discharged.” We may laugh ui an
Englishman squandering his money in other
parts of the world, but it is not inconsistent
(considering tlieir relative positions there) with
oriental notions in these countries.
After remaining talking with these simple
people until a very late hour, I returned Io the
rock under which wo had first encamped Sun
day wrapped himselfiu his clonk and was soon I
asleep, it was a lovely evening, the moon I
“hung imminent,” and shed its Hood ot splen- -
dour over the nuked spires above and wooded
gleans beneath. Not a breath of wind was
Stirling: the stars shone forth gloiiously. 1
spread my cloak on a rock, and Wearied at
length with the events ofthe day, slumber stole
over inc ; dreams of home and friends, whom
after an exile of fifteen years, 1 was about soon
to rejoin, mingled witli the form ; ot those 1
had just quitted, mid I slept thioughout the
uioht without interruption,
January 11.—Refreshed by the purity ot
the atf 1 had breathed in my slumbers, I arose
at an curly hour, and after bathing in one of
the clear and sparkling pools below, I contin
ued my journey up the mountain.
The foliage was if possible, more dense
than at the lower part of the "glen, & I had still
considerable difficulty in some places to rnuke
my way ; in others, the path led alongtho brow
of a precipice, and was partially cleared for
the convenience of life cattle w hich occasion
ally cross over this part of the mountain. The
morning air was keen and cold, and impregna
ted with many agreeable odours from the nu
merous aromatic shrubs and flowers which
grew around. Rock-doves and other feath
ered choristers added their wild and plaintive
airs to the tinkling of numerous streams, or
the hoarser cadence of some louder and more
distant fall. At an elevation of about 4000
feet we arrived at a sunny sloping plain, ven- i
dant as an English meadow ; several sleek
cows were leading around. Tha day was
clear and cloudless, and we obtained a mag.
uiti# nt view of the greater part of the island,
although wo had not attained the highest point
of the range, for a ridge about 700 feet more
elevated was behind us. Yet this appeared
well adapted for my purpose; accordingly I
selected a spot which was sheltered in some
measure by any impending rock, where I
pitched the tent, and resolved for the present
to make it my head quarters. I found, how
ever, before 1 had been thero long, that the
wind swept over the mountains with such
violence that u tent was wholly useless, and [
determined therefore to employ a few of the
natives to collect stones and build a rude hut, I
similar to their own. By the next day I had I
a very snug little room about six feet square <
every way, and the tent spread outside proven, *
ted the wind from making its way through, I <
passed my time delightfully here. 1 had no- 1
thing to do but wander forth during the day,
collect flowers, sketch, or take my gun. 1
Beautiful and fertile valleys occur in every
part of the range; they possess the richest
soil, and the quantity of ground which is else
where susceptible of cultivation is very great.
The table land connecting the peaks, and also
the sides of the mountains, might, as in India,
be very soon cleared of their wood by fire do
ing the S. W. monsoon, and the ashes would
add to the capabilities of the soil already rich
and of great depth. What a change might
not the industry of a few seasons make in the
country! Tho fruits of mtertropical climates,
and the vegetables of more temperate regions,
would I have little doubt, be found to thrive
equally well. Grain might he cultivated in
Wadi Aiuf, and amidst the well-irrigated
grounds at the skirts of tho mountains, as well
as on their summits and sides. For the latter,
it may be as well to observe, that in some parts
of India, but more generally in Java, there is
griswn a discription of rice called mountain
rice, which unlike the common grain, requir.
ing to be two thirds of its growth under water,
is planted on the sides of hills in situations
where it can receive no other supplv than that
which it grathers, from the rain. Or it might
be planted at tho commencement and reaped
at the termination of the N. E. or rainy mon
soon.
Yet with all these advantages, excepting in
times of drought, whqp they form a refuge as
pasturage-grounds for the greater portion of
tho stock on tho island, is the country wholly
neglected by the natives. The long grass
which is equal in luxuriance of growth to that
of an English meadow, is, owing to tho ig
norance of the natives as to tho process of
making hay, trodden under foot and spoiled.
Tho shores of Africa and Arabia, are almost
wholly destitute in these parallels of vegetation
or trees ; and at a first view it appears strange
I hat an island hut a short distance removed
from them, and tn fact on a level with their
more parched and arid plains, should possess
such an exuberance of vegetation, but the
causes on examination are evident.
Both Monsoons, as they approach it, be
come considerably cooled by their passage
across a great expanse of water: in the
northeast monsoon tho sky is usually overcast,
and, while in countries I have mentioned
some months were to elapse before the termin
ation of the dry weather, Socotra enjoyed Ire.
qtient and copious rains due to her granite
mountains, the lofty peaks ot which obstruct
the clouds, causing them to deposite ill -ir
aqueous particles, to feed the mountain stream
or precipitate themselves in plentiful showers
over the surrounding country. During the
south-west monsoon, in place of tlr> duk
cloudy weather and rain which mark the sea
son in India, we had clear and cloudb ss sk:e ,
and the stars shine forth with uncommon bril-1
linncy; ata period in the south-west monsoon
when the wind blowing nearly a htiiricnnc,
and when the gusts swept down, trorn the
mountains with a force almost irresistible,
throw ing up the waters in sheets, and keep
ing our masts to the height ot tho tops contin.
uiilly wet w ith the spray, we had, w ith the
exception of a dense white canopy ol clouds
formed like the “table cloth” over the ta
ble-mountain nt tho Cape, the same clear
cloudless weather.
The only esculent vegetables w hieh are
found on this range arc a species of wild yam
called Toift.it, which serves the natives with
respect to their other food the s-itno as bread
does to us. The supply lasts throughout the
year, and both the Arab and Bedouin arc
equally fond of them, and the former bring them
from the hill and exchange them with the lat
ter for lowarae, or dates. They me cooked
bv being placed on sticks over boiling water.
We tried this and several other methods, and
found them in all vases much less farinaceous
than the viitn. In additefti id these natives use
the roots of several kinds of fern and other
edibles of the same description. We have the
Subhare Bhaire, or wild rhubarb, the stalk of
which is very palatable; several kinds of sor
rel, and a description of water-cress toiind on
the sea shores, which boil well as Vegeta
hies.
1 have noticed these several productions,
because they may prove of service to some ves
sel hereafter touching here. Whalers some
times do so, & their crews are not mifiequeut
ly suffering from scurvy, for winch lime-juice
is strongly recommended. The oranges found
on these hills form an admirable substitute ;
but a few days before my arrival on this occa
sion, one of these vessels, not. in all probabili
ty, knowing of the existence of these h id re
course to a method of cure noticed by D.un
pier, and some of the old Buccaneers. The
patient, after being stripped, was buried in the
bed ot n fresh water stream near the sea-shore
his head alone being left above the Stu face. In
this position tie was kept Lor two hours, and is
said to have greatly benefltted by the opera
tion.
The whole of the middle and lower portions
• of these mountains are covered with trees and
I bushes. Vs we advance upwards, these be
i come severally more stunted, the grassy spots
I occur more fiequeutly, winch are wholly clear
of them, at the height of 2000 feet, a fine clo
ver first makes its appearance, intermingled
with which we find rosemary, lavender, libur
uums, and several varieties of balsams, with
many odoriferous herbs and flowers. These
continue to the utmost altitude of the granite
spires ; a considerable quantity of vendurc is
also nourished in those spots which are shelter
ed by the trees from the heat of the sun’s rays;
but as we ascend more rapidly, not a crevice of
tho rock but affords some tree or flower. The
fissures in the granite spires, which from be
low have the appearance of narrow steaks
and lines, are now perceived, to be ledges, con
taining a quantity of soil, and nourishing da
gon's blood trees, and large hushes.
After 1 had passed some days on the delight
ful spot where I had first taken up my resi
dence, I moved to an adjoiaiv.g mountain, Jen
el Raggud, which forms one of the chain near
ly encircling Tamarida. On my first ascent
from the plain over the roots of the mountain
the road continued over a gravelly soil, on
which was deposited a thin layer of limestone
broken into small fragments ; bushes aud trees
continue the whole distance. The surface of
the upper part ofthc mountain forms an irreg
ular plain about three miles at its widest aud
two at its more contracted limits. The whole
of the plateau is crossed by narrow ridges of
limestone rock, which rise up into sharp mid
rugged peaks, presenting a singular difference
to the usual tabularappearance of that forma
tion ; in other parts the disposition of the rock
differs but littlo from what is elsewhere ob
served; they ascend in a gentle slope in the
direction of the greatest length of the m isses,
terminating in mural precipices from 400 to
700 feet in depth, as on the granite mountains
narrow horizontal ledges extend along the face
of these, nourishing numerous trees and bush
es. their verdant hue contrasting in a singular
manner with the grey and weather beaten ap-
pearanco of the rock, ami giving it, what in
reality it daes not possess, au appearance of
stratification. The rock, in common with all
other mountain limestone, is very cavernous;
and I obsjfEd in some of these hollows very
splendid stalactitical formations, formed by the
constant dripping of water from above. The
surface oftho rock within exhibits a success
ion of rounded masses perforated by numerous
cavities: these caverns are used both as pla
ces of residence for the living and the dead :
one of them, the most magnificent and exten
sive 1 had found on the island, was 250 yards
in length, in breadth, 175, and height 87 yards.
Within the Ulterior, masses hung.’as it were,
suspended in the act of failing from the roof
at the entrance ; at the very centre the arch
drooped, and rested on a rude sort of pillar ;
the dimensions and form of this vast Cavern
were in accordance with the solitary magnifi
cence of tho whole scene: the entrance wns
in a measure blocked up by a huge over hang,
ing rock, which excluded the rain, w hile it
preserved the interior from the heat of the
sun’s rays; circular stone walls, with low,
narrow doors, divided the interior, into differ
ent apartments, each of which appeared to be
occupied by the same family ; the number in
one was eight, and, allowing an average of
four in others, it gives forty inhabitants in this
lonely retreat amidst the mountain wilds. A
place in each, as with other oriental dwellings,
is set apart fur the females, and called the ha
rem. It has been observed, with some show
of justice, that orientals arc less sensible of the
charms of natural scenery than Europeans;
but some of these dwellings arc most pictures,
quely situated in wild and solitary glens, their
e.ntranco is not unfrcquenlly w holly concealed
from view by the hardy and umbrageous foli
age of the wild fig, the roots of which possess
the instinctive quality of traversing the rook
and following its irregularities until they find
a sufficiency of soil to nourish them. Tho
darker hues oftho herbage around, produced
by tho ordure of their cattle, was frequently
tho only cue to the existence of these inhabit
ants. But the most singular purpose to which
these caverns are applied is as places ofinter
ment, a portion near the inner extremity was
selected, and divided fiom the rest by a wall ;
the body was then placed therein; and partial
ly covered with earth, but no colli i was used.
Those who were added were deposited in
alternate layers, the head of one occupying
the position of the feet of die other. 'The cus
tom of burying tho dead in caves is of great an
tiquity ; we find mention made ot'it at the com
mencement of the records of Holy l it. The
natives tell me they h? velong since abandoned
tho custom, and their dead arc now buried in
the Paine manner as with rtthcr Mahomtncdans.
They have, however, on such events, retain- j
cd a custom now peculiar to themselves: j
when a near relative is about to die they send (
out and collect as many bullocks as their means I
will admit of their purchasing, which, when ,
the event takes place, arc slaughtered and sent ;
round the neighborhood. I was acquainted j
with an old man in Tainarida. who had made ;
those preparations tinder tin impression that ;
his wife would not survive many days, and he I
told me in confidence that he had already fix- j
edhis eves on a younger and nioro comely
maiden to supply her place ; but an unexpec
ted change took place which escaped his mind
in all his calculations—he died himself, just as
his disconsolate widow recovered, to pay, by
tl.e distribution of his cattle,due honour to his
memory.
Jebei Raggud is destitute of other water
than left by the rains in tiie hollows and cavi
ties of the rocks. The natives have p'-eserv.
ed a curious tradition respecting the disap
pearance of one ot the swamps which are for
med on the loose soil : soiiie cows, Willi tlieir
tenders, had gone to a spot they had for years
been in the habit of visiting ; the ground sud
denly sunk beneath them and overwhelmed
them. The hollow is at present about 200
i feet in depth ; it was, I have little doubt, one
of those numerous caverns, which every where
abound in the formation, partially covered by
a thin layer of earth.
I kept a register of the climate during the
time 1 remained in these mountains. 'The
transitions from heat to cold are sudden in the
mornings and evenings, but during the day the
thermometric range is very limited ; in the
morning the air continues very cool, until the
sun rises over the summit of the eastern moun.
tains; nt noon, provided there was mo wind,
which was rarely tile case; the heat of the sun
was very considerable, but the instant it sinks
behind the western mountains the air again
would not, of course be so observable ; mid 1
; may remark, moreover, that the station which
I occupied receives but for a short period the
sun’s rays. I found here, ami on several oth
er visits 1 made to the mountains that a supe
rior current of air sweeps down from the high
er points in a direction quite contrary to the
wind prevailing below, which would sink the
thermometer several degrees. It must be ob
served that the climate, besides being subjec-
ted to inese sudden vaiiatiotis, was not wholly
free from the usual disagreeable accompani
merit of highland regions; the summits of th<
lofty peaksobstiuct the clouds iu their progress,
so that from sunshine and clear weather a few
minutes brings dense fogs and drizzling rain ;
yetisthis more than c mipeiis.itedl for by the
! clear, pure, and unclouded atm< sphere ween.
jr»v at others, {(’possible*, the nights are more
[.'inc than the days ; and ytlie moon’s rays re
flected from the smooth gray surface of the
granite mountains, produce an effect I havt
rarely seen equalled.
The degree of humidity w hich was also ex
hibited alter sunset ami before, sunrise (rarely
a tew degrees above point of saturation) was
also very great : our tent in the morning was
usually found Wei through, aud the grass and
bt’.slms were ev y where dripping with mois
ture ; it was impassible to move for some hours
without getting completely drenched.
I may here, in the hope they will prove of
service to future travellers, give insertion to
a few remarks which suggest themselves to
me.
There are several methods of ascertaining
the mean temperature of mountain regions, ot
w hich the most common are—
1. By supposing the heat to decrease at
certain rates as we advance above the level
of I he sea.
2. By the temperature of copious springs.
3. By long continued observations ofthe
thermometer.
Mine was observed at 9h. 13 m. k. m.
which by vol. X. cf the Edinburgh Philoso
phical Transactions, is the hour iu the morn
itig when the mean annua! temperature takes
place; the mean daily minimum is a little be
low 5 h, a. m.’ and maximum 2 h. 40 in.
I had Leslie’s hydrometer, which Daniel
recommends to be used at 2h. 40 m. This
instrument Was invented by Professor Leslie,
and is oy some called the Thermometric Hyd
rometer : its use is to make the difference of
temperature produced by evaporation, and is
fully described in tho Encyclopaedia Britanni
ca.
I am surprised, considering their extensive
utility, tlint we have no well constructed por
table mountain barometer. I had one on this
occasion constructed by Gilbert: it differed
from others in the mode of fixing the zero of
the scale ; a screw attached to the lower part
of the bag raises the surface ofthe mercury to
this. To prevent, however, the frequent ac
cidents which have occurred by its weight
breaking tho tube, the instrumcut was filled nt
ihe station where it was required to be used.
A glass cistern was affixed to the tube by four
steel screws : but the plan does not answer—
the screws rusted, tho cylinders snapped, or i
the mercury could not be prevented from os
c.iping. 1 managed, however, to uso it for
ascertaining the daily variations in the height
ofthe column. These were once supposed to
be confined to the vicinity of the Equator, but
they are now known to extend to every part I
oftho globe, and, according to Humboldt, not
only nt the level ofthe sea, but 12,300 feet
above it. I wished, as more observations
were much required, to compare lheir range
with that of those carefully noted on board the
vessel.
As was my usual custom on such journeys,
I mixed much with tho natives, living in their
huts with them. Desirous of remaining close
to their herds on those occasions when they
bring them from the plains below to brow se
here, thev erect huts of loose stones, neither
side of which exceeds seven or eight feet;
more filthy habitations can scarcely be con
ceived, and they swarm with vermin. Those
which arc not thatched are usually covered
with earth, and goatsand sheep may frequent
ly Iwjobserved feeding thereon. The mountain®
oers inhabiting this range are usually of a har
dy race, yet, from being so lightly clad, and
from exposing themselves at all hours to the
wind and the rain, iutenniitent fevers are by
no means uncommon among them. Most of
the cases I saw had assumed the tertain type,
and this was the form it took whenever those
u ho accompanied me were attacked.
The result of my inquiries and observations
on this range induced mo to strongly recom
mend *hat it should be selected as a station for
tho troops. How bitterly it is to be regretted
that my siiggestiion was not adopted ! the
whole of the first detachment, including their
officers, with the exception of one, died two
months after they had lauded ; but the second,
w ith better judgement, w ere at once march
ed to the summit of the mountains, where tin
til they were recalled, they enjoyed a climate
equal to that of England, and not a fatal case
occurred amidst them.
Socotra enjoys so many advantages of posi
tion, that now steam navigation between the ,
East and West is occupying so much discus
sion, attention has been constantly drawn to
it. It lies directly in the route ofships coming
from the Red Sea, the entrance to which it
may be said to command—and also in the
track of vessels proceeding from Europe to
India—advantages which will, in all human
probability', at no very distant period, compel
us again to occupy it.
From the U. S. Gazette.
THE TAKING OF ALGIERS;
In the devastation of war, when eities and
kingdoms y ield to the sword of the conqueror,
individual miseries are lost sight of, the aggro,
gates of suffering that such events produce.
In the broad blaze of glory which the con
quest lights up, no one stops to watch the go
ing out of an individual taper of human life:
The shout of the host of victors drowns the
death sigh of him who is yielding up his breath
fcr his country’s defence. Who is he? and
we put it to the consciences of our readers, be
seeching them to think, as they would ask for
sympathy in their own afflictions—whois he
—and why not she? for woman, too, must
know that her sex suffers when a city is storm
ed ; who is he, or she, that has read ot the
breaking up oftho 4 nest ol pirates’by the
French—that has seen the ‘sceptre depart’
from Ishmel—that has carefully read ot the
defence and its cost—of the victory, and the
lives that purchased it —that has afterwards
sat down and thought solemnly ol the indtxid
ual misery which a conquest has produced .
Gome then, let us enter into the house ot at
fliction, where the Mahometan mother is knee
ling o v er the dead body of her son—-heisell
a Widow'—lter lips bullied in blood from the
gaping wound ou (he cold breast before her,
and her streaming eyes raised toward the sa
cred tombat which her son had not yet bow
ed. No pen can trace her feelings ; they are
the deep, unutterable throbs of a mother s
heart; tho imagination of man hath not con
ceived her anguish. All a mother’s pains, tn
birth and death, uro hers alone. Shn has
Vol. VI—Ao 22.
' watched in vain for one sign of life ; she has
culled loudly to her first born—hes bnly son
—but the voicelers tongue hath tetGrrfW nd
tnswer.—She hath gazed with Unutterable
loudness upon his face; but his dinted glared
eye, hath not moved in the socket, See has
pressed her burning kisses on his lipSj but
heir rigid coldness hath sent back d chill td
her heart. She has lai i her hands against
its heart; sbo has pressed her bared bosom up*
on his manly chest; but there is neither throb*
ding nor warmth. The life sigh of het own
pulsation is unanswered. She screams aloud
in the bitterness of her certain desolation ; but
there is no reply, no notice of sympathy to
fumed—the echo of her cry mingles with the
sheiuls of the victors. She sinks down in bit
ter consciousness that she is alone on earth;
chUd.'ese and a widow. “ Oh, had he but life
—could he but breathe a mother’s name, though
ho wars but idiotic or decrepit*—could he but
give one sign of recogniton; I ivciuld drag hint
from ihe house where new ones rule; and, like
the persecuted Hagar, flee away with him in.
to the wilderness; good angels would hear a
mother’s cry, and waters would spring up
from the burning sands to moisten his parch
ed lips.’ But he is dead ! and the conclu.
sive spasms of her face show that the life of a
mother—evou an Algerine mother—is bound
upon the existence ot’her son. Is there one
mother in-America who can doubt that every
mother in Algiers Who has lußt a Son, father;
husband all?—felt less than that
W hat an aggregate of misery is a splendid
conquest.
NAPOLEON,
A Paris puper states that Marshal 3oult’B
mission to England was in part to obtain the
consent of the British Government to the re
moval of Napoleon’s remains. In this the
Marshal is reported to have succeeded through
the instrumentality of Wellington, and the in
ti itisic appeal of the case to the nobler feelings
of Britons. The Prince de Joinville, report
says, is to proceed to St. Helena in command
of u frigate, taking with him a aoldief. front
every regiment m France. The of
the greut man will repose under the column id
the Place Ven4pme. Solemn rites will be
performed ou consigning them to lheir illustri
ous resting place—and Wellington himself
will attend to drop a soldier’s tear over a sol
dier’s grave. 'This restoration es the revered
dust of the mightiest actor in human affairs to
the land w hose glory and happiness he sd
much exulted, will be hailed by every mind
that is susceptible of a generous emotion.—-
Depositc his ambition and his human weak
ness, his wars of blood, and devastating ram,
paigus, the world in its cool moments must
own his was au honorable and glorious pagd
in man’s history. Nor will the terms cou-;
qtieror and despot attach to him with the odi
um they bear in the common acceptation- -
'The thnnders of his power; though they Struck
home to the hearts ot nations us of men, ptefJ
ced likewise the gloom of immetnonble bon
dage on tho one hand—-and in his own France
Converted into chivalric enthusiasm, and d
fruitful source ofthe more brilliant virtues,
what Siad; without him, continued perhaps id
this day, the prolific parent of civil bloodshed
and national distress.
But it is not alone for the admirer ot the fall
en hero to rejoice at this reunion with hid
country. Dear as his memory has ever Been
to the hearts of Frenchmen, every friend to
that land of gallant spirits ffiubt Sympathise
with them in their exultation. In this appli-.
[ cation to the British government, the King of
the French has pel-formed a duty Io his coun
trymen, which if done earlier, would have re
flected honor on his reign. Policy,
or dread ofthe volcanic fires on which he ap
prehended his throne was based, lengthened
the delay beyond all question. But his fears
in this case, wary, as ho is, will bo held to
have got the better of his prudence. The
generous people which he rules could by nd
act of his have been more gratified, and in
showing himself a sharer ofthe nation’s fame;
& a guardian of the glorious inheritance; he
would have added to rather than detracted
from, the security of his Steadfast throue. AS
it is, coming only on the Cessation of a long
distrust of tho passions of his countrymen, he
may receive lusv thanks for his action, which;
upon the whole, may bring a harvest of indif
ference towards himself, rather than dno of ap
plause. — Portsmouth Times.
SCENE IN A SCHOOL-ROGM.
Master. —Class in history, step up ! Are
yon ready on the questions ? Yelh’ir; Billy;
who was the first hunter? Noah. Whys
’Cause he collected all the beasts ofthe field,
and the birds of the air, and the fishes ofthe
sea into the ark, and saved ’em from being
droxvnded; Not exactly ; but that will dot
Dick. I shall ask you some questions about
government: all American boys should under!
stand it. M hat do you call that in which one
man rules?—Donno sir. Next. That’S .an
empire. Not precisely, it is a monarchy;
Go up ! Tell mo Jake, w hat’s that in which
many men rule ?—‘That’s a-s. Next. That’s
a whig. C ome here stir! what du you mean f
Well sir, I seed it. You saw what ’ Why
at the m- cling, t’other night; where they waa
all presidents and vice presidents, and hardly
nobody else, ’cept me and our black Sam. Sit
down sir! Next. What goterpment is that
in which the people rule themselves ? Why;
that’s a federalism, Next. That’s a-i—Con
gress. Next. I know it; trial’s an anarchy;
Go to your places and look that ovef again !
Harvey Diggs! Yeth’ir. Bring up your com
position ! what subject did I give you?
Here it ’ith ir. “ Composition on wales and
whale fisheries ; wales are a moutitaincous
country in the Continent of ingland. Whale
fisheries principally goes out frord neW.bed
ford and nantuckot, round Cape Horn, whicH
is very cfooked and hard tp navigate; the
people of wa’cs is called Welshmen and toas
ted cheese is called Welsh Rabbit.—There is
no more about wales except W ailbdne — ’ Sir,
go to voureseat or I’ll whale you. Silence',
Begin; writing class ! May I get a drink, sir?
N<”sir. Well sir; I can’t write ’cause my
mouth’s so dry. Silence !
Cincinnati Daily Express;
An inmate of ti mad house being asked what
brought him there, replied—“A mere quibble
of words, sir, I said every body was mad, and
every body said 1 was mad, and the majority
carried it.”
“Hallo, Massa! you put yoitr saddle ori
wrong eend fust!” “ Bad luck to your black
sowl, how do you know what road I’m going
to take?”