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A
Tn the Senate, »o day, after the traasacUO'..
~f the morning business, the bill for the grad
uation and reduction of the prim* r»i the pub
lic lands eame up on its third reading.—Mes
srs. Ci»Vf Calhoun,.Buchanan, Niles, Benton,,
and King addressed the Senate, and the quee-1
tian on the passage of the bill being t#kei>, !
resulted—ayes 27, uoes 22.
Washington, January 18.
SENATE.
In the Senate to-day, after the transaction
of morning business, the bill for the eontinu.
stiou t»f tho Cumberland r>ad was taken up.
After beingamended so as to reduce the op.
prvpri-itions from SISOOOO to 8100,OCO in
each of the States of Ohio, Indiana, and Uli
mis, a motion was made to strike out the en
acting clause of the bill, which prevailed;
ayes 2-3. noea 22. Mr. Wall then moved a
r-Consideration oCtbe vote, which, after an an
imated discussion, prevailed ; and the question
being again taken on striking out the enacting
Alause, was lost. The hill was then ordered
tn be engrossed—ayes 24. none 22. Atter an
Executive session, the Senate adjourned over
until Monday.—
HOUSE.
The House, last night, sat til! eleven o’clock
engaged upon the resolution to refer, to a 8e
ket Committee,the subject of the defalcation
of Swartwout. The motion to elect the Com.
mittee by ballot, was agreed to—-yeas 113,
nays 105. •.
The committee, as chosen, consist ad of Mr-
Harlan of Ky„ Mr. Curtis of N. Y., Mr.
Wise of Va., Mr. Elmore of 3. C., Mr. Smith
of .Ma • Mr. Dawson of Ga., Mr. Hopkins of
Vs., Mr. Hubley, of Pa , and Mr, Cushman
of N. H. So there were four Whigs, two
Conservatives, and three Administation men,
supposing Mr. Elmore tv rank among the iat.
ter.
Washington, January 10,
HOUSE.
The whole of this day’s session has been
taken up in hearing and discussing tho applic
ation of Messrs. Taylor, Martin, and Wagen
er. to be excused from serving on the Swart,
•wout committee. The two former were ex
cused ; and the House refused to excuse the
latter by a voteef 105 to 102. At the clese
of the session, Messrs. Foster and Owens
were appointed to fill the two vacancies crea
ted above.
Before the adjournment of the House. Mr.
Wise introduced a resolution authorizing the
committee to appoint a clerk and a printer;
also giving the members of the committee
leave to absent themselves from the House du
ring its sittings; and if necessary, to proceed
to New York to prosecute the investigation.
Washington, January, 22.
SENATE.
Tn the Senate, to day. the bill to prohibit the
giving or accepting a challeage to fight a
duel in the district, the bill to abolish imprison,
inent for debt in certain cares, and the bill
f»r the relief of Pierree Menard and others,
were ordered to be engrossed for a third read,
ing, The bill for the relief of Loomis and Gay
the bill to prevent the counterfeiting of coin,
the bill for the relief of Gad Humphreys, and
the joint resolution for the purchase of the
island at the confluence of St. Peters and the
Mississippi rivers were severally road a third
time and passed. After the consideration of
Executive business, the Senate adjourned,
HOUSE.
The Chair announced the order j of the day
and laid before the House a communication
from the Secretary of War in compliance
with a resolution of the House of Represents,
tives of the 14th inst., relative to the pursuit,
capture, and execution of certain reputed Indi
an refugees, and murderers within the limits
ut one al the States.
The question was then taken on laying the
graduation bill on the table, and decided in
the affirmative—ayes 102, nays 97.
The subjoined sketch of Wise’s speech will
give our readers some idea of the loose and
unpardonable manner in which business has
been conducted at Washington. If congress
manifest a determination to eerutinize the ac
counts of the treasury department, it would not
surprise us to hear of its again accidentally
catching fire. The burning of the books of
the post office department saved a great deal
of trouble.
“ Mr. Wise examined very minutely the
particulars of most of the defalcations which
have been published. He made a thorough
overhauling of all the prominent defalcations
—forty in number—giving names and dates i
and places and sums of defalcation—the cir
cumstances under which the defalcations were
made,—the knowledge the secretary of the
treasury had of these defalcations, —hie ex
cuses, if not connivances at them—all the pub
lished facts, and many others in relation to
them, were stated in a clear and lucid manner.
Such a mass of corruption you have not before
even dreampt of.
The last case he examined was that of Mr.
Swartwout. Mr. Wise said it was not Mr.
Swart woui’s money he proposed to look after.
That would be a useless task, and his sins
were heavy enough upon him already without
further exposure. He wished to look aflei the
secretary of the treacusy in connection with
this great defalcation.
Mr. Swartwnut left the country in August,
end nothing is hoard cf his defalcation until
November! The last return of Mr. Swart
wout is dated March 28th, 1838, and the last
public letter in April, to which an answer is
given by the secretary of the treasury, dated
April also! Nothing is heard of the defalca
tion then from April to November, and the sec
retary '.ells us that he even had no suspicions
•f a defalcation until that time.
Mr. Wise then stated another fact in refer,
•nee to the claims set off by Mr. Swartwout
when he left his office. Swartwout kept in
his hands, as it appears, whet: he left office,
with a view of meeting the claims against him
—the sum of 8201.489 as necessary to meet
the demands againstthe custom house. What,
said Mr. Wise, are the amount of these de.
»Mnde as put dowu in the new report of this
Recount furnished by the treasury department ?
They wm but the sum of 87,700—4201,000
kept to meet the demand of lees than 88,000!
—less than 88,000, and so Mated, as will ap
pear upon examination. Will the secretary
of the treasury explain this, if ha can?
Other facts Mated by Mr. Wise as gather,
cd from the special report of the secretary es
the treasury referring Io this subject, were in
reference to certain dates of letters. The sec
retary of thy treasury it appears, sent a letter
on the 18th es April, 1838, demanding a set
tlement with Mr. *Wartu out, Mr. Swartwout
received the latter by due cuurje of mail and
o i the 19;h of April,—.three days after the date
of the letter demanding a settlement, answered
it, but did not inert the demand of the secreta
ry asking a settlement, not only not then but
at no time up to August, th» time of his sail,
’ng for Europe, making tne demanded settle
ment made in April, and yet the secretary of
the treasury tells us he heard nothing of and
suspected nothing of the settlement, until some
rime in November! Demanding a setilement
—receiving none—a settlement put off for
months,—accounts unsettled,—the party re
quested to make the setlement off for Europe,
and yet the secretary of the treasury never
suspecting any thing wrong until late in No
vember. Who believes him innocent? sai
Mr. Wis«.
Mr. Wise then proved that Flemming, Og
den and Philips of the New-York Custom
Hetlse knew of the detalcation long before it
was proclaimed.—Letters were then rend by
Flemming, an Auditor tn the Custom House,
showing in March. ’37 a discrepancy of 8500,-
000 in necou-'ts, which discrepancy was poin
ted out to Philips and to Mr. Ogden, cashier
and assistant cashier. Mr. Flemming stated
also it was discovered that the treasury was
minus in August, the sum of $640,000! „ Mark
the date, Angus’, 1839 when Mr. Jesse Hoyt
was in office, —and vet with these facts known
and proclaimed in August, the secretary of the
treasury says he had not knowledge of the de-
Mentions, —no eovpi-ions even Until sometime
in November! Who believes him,; ask again ?
said Mr. Wise.
And now, said, Mr. W., I charge Mr. Hoyt
w(th having a knowledge of this d-fitlcation.
I charge him with being acquainted with (he
facts exposed by Flemming the Auditor in Au
gust, and communicated to Philips—l charge
him with knowing of the deficiency 0f5640,
000, and above all, I charge tho secretary of
the treasury with a gross neglect of duty, in
not himself tecoming acquainted with these
facts if he did not know them.
Mr. Wise further commented upon Mr.
Flemming’s letter,—-especially that part i:f it
where he told Swartwout that upon ex' mining
the bonds they were P’inus $540,000. When
i Flemming told Svartwout of this deficiency,
Swartwout cvnressed alarm, and said there
must be Some mistake, and begged that Flem
ming would examine the accounts. Flemming
I made the examination, and while it was ma
king, Swartwout made his escape to Europe !
Where was the secretary of the treasury then ?
Where whs the faithfulness of Mr. Flemming
—and of Mr. Philips—and of Mr. Ogden—
and of Mr. Hoyt? Why did they not make
the secretary of the treasury acquainted with
the facts ot which he says he was so ignorant.
Another fact stated bj Mr. Wise was, that
from December, 1837, to March, 1838, Mr.
Swartwout had sent no returns to the Secreta
ry of the Treasury, with great negligence in
allowing them.
Another fact upon which Mr. Wise dwell
with such force, was the arrangamerit of the
letters furnished in the report upon the defal.
cation, sent by the Secretary of the Treasury.
Letters, ho said, were missing, and inserted
without date, which was especially the case
with an important memorandum. Let the
committee of investigation remember these
facts, said Mr. Wise, and inquire into those
omissions and commissions and alterations.
Mr. Wise then spoke of the naval officer of
New York, and charged him with a neglect of
duty in relation to this defalcation. Ihe de
falcation, he thought, could not have taken
place had tho naval officer done his duty, no
more than it could have taken place if the Sec
retary of the Treasury had done h'.s duty.
Mr. Wise proved tho defalcation to the hot
tom. as far as he could do so—going to the
Cashier’s and Assistant Cashier department
in New York, and to the Comptroller’s and
Auditor’s department of the Treasury here,—
The examination was must searching and thor
ough. The consideration of ths documents
connected with Swartwout’s.defalcation, alone
occupied Mr. Wise nearly two hours.
The peroration of the speaker was strong,
effective and eloquent. lie spoke in view oi
tho facts he hud exposed, of tho Secretary of
the Treasury, and charged him with being ig
norant, incompetent, wicked and dangerous.
•So help me God,” said Mr. Wise, “if a ma
jority of the House will help me to do its du
ty, I will have the Secretary of the Treasury
impeached, and from his own report. He is
a faithless public servant. Give me a jury of
twelve honest men, and in any place in the
country, without a single witness, in my dis
trict, or in yours, Mr. Speaker, I will convict
him by his own testimony.
Mr. W ire closed by saying in reference to
himself, that the part he had acted in ferreting
out the wrongs of the departments, had placed
him in a novel position, in self defence, he had
been compelled to go armed for three years
past. He had been compelled, he regretted to
state, to go to and from the capitol armed with
pistols in his belt. H s life had been literally
in his hands ever since he had commenced his
long, arduous and almost thankless task of ex
posing the iniquities ot the times ” — Chronicle
dp Sentinel.
From the Recorder of 22 d inst.
GEN- FLOYD’S LETTER TO GOV.
GILMER.
Head Quarters, Okefinokke District,
Camp Hope, Jan. 4, 1839.
Sir—Since my last communication to your
excellency of December 7th every exertion
has been made to bring the enemy to batile,
without success. They have fled before mv
detachments, leaving their clothing, cooking
utensils tec. without firing a gun ; and have
either gone to Florida, or aro so,securely hid
that they have escaped the most active move
merits trom various points, both inside and
outside the swamp. By their signs they have
been greatly distressed by hunger—and their
whole number does not exceed 35 or 40, iuclu
ding women and children. The smallness of
their number—their wolf like habits—and the
extent and numerous hiding places of the
swamp, have enabled them to evade us. On
the night of the 12. h December, a small party
of them pressed by hunger, sneaked from the
Okefiuokee in the night, and stole some pro
visions from a deserted house near its border,
They were immediately pursued, but scatter
ed so that their trail was lost. Its direction,
as far as it could be followed, led towards the
St. Marys river ; and it was the opinion of
all my guides and trailers, men well acquaiii
ted with Indian habits, that they had crossed
into Florida.
Hoping to overtake them, I entered Florida
at the head of Capt. North’s company and a
small detachment of the Georgia regiment, un
der Lieut. Newbern, and examined the St.
fti-irys to its source, (Ocean pond.) but saw
no sign®. At the same time I had several
parties searching in and around the Okefino
kee.
During my absence the Indians, or soma
evil white persons, (as many suppose with
good reasons,) burnt at night the deserted
house which the Indians plundered en the 12th
of December. I sent out immediately fresh
detachments to follow if possible the trail of
the enemy, and bring them to wtion. They
were absent several days, and returned with
out any mateiial discovery.
Since then the troops, as heretofore., have
been constantly searching the Okefinokee, and
scouring the surrounding country. They
have discovered a large lake between Floyd’s
island and the eastern border of the swamp,
which a detachment under L'eut. Col. Ravil
waded through waist deep, in very cold weath
er, breaking the ice with poles. The troops
have endured great h irdships, and are nearly
exhausted by fatigue ; yet I am glad to inform
your excellency, that the severity ot their sul
ferings has produced no unmanly complaint.
I cannot yet report positively to your Ex
eellencv, that no mdi ma r«mai •on the soil of
Georgia, although it is my belief, from the
late discovery of trails l<-ading to Florida,
(near the suwanueo.) and other circumstances,
’hat they have gone there. If they are still '
in the Okefinokee, they cam ot remain there
much longer without discovery. Detach
ments are now’ searching the swamp from
North to South. Ara id foe pack horses hae.
been made through tbo swamp from Fort Tatt
nal to Foit Ws Iker, 4 miles, tinder tbo super
intendence of Browning, of the Georgia
Regiment. The smallness of my force, and
the active field duties required, have preven
ted me from coiMnienng a good road to
Floyd’s Island, m<i establishing a strong post
there as I intend d. Iha five (' ompanies
if my Regimen! (in service) amount oi|v to
250 men : three Companies are yet wanted.
All tny arrangements to supply the dtfimeury
have failed, owing to the short lived patriot
ism and valour of cumbrous volunteers.
My command is rapidly diminishing, ai d
in a few weeks will be eriiruiv out of service.
The Companies u ider Captains Sweat and I).
Miller, called into service by Gen. Taylor,
were discharged or me 20ih December, theii
term of servicu h ving expired, Capt. North’s
Company of? torida Militia, u hich has been
very useful to mu will tie mustered out on the
12’h instant. Cipt. H.jlioi’s, of the Geor ia
liegimeut, on the lo h ; the Companies under
Captains Lasseter, Newbern and Williams, on
the 25; h; and Capt. Traey’s <>n the Ist Feb
ruary None but a few regulars will remain
too few to garrison the posts around the
swamp, and afford protection to the inhabi
tants, should the Indians le'.urn to the Okt fl
nokee w hen the volunteers are disbanded.
I mentioned m a former letter to your ex
cellency, that, at least 500 men should bo kept
in service for the protection of this part of
Georgia while the war lasts in Florida. That
number may be sufficient for defensive war
fare, on the frontier ; but to Continue the ex
plorations ol the Oki finokee, establish posts
nettle the sw amp, and construct roads to them,
and carry on at the same time active offensive
nperalions against the enemy, 500 Infantry
and 300 mounted men would be necessary.
This force would be able to effect rapidly,
fully and permanent.y the objects desired. It
is large, compan d with the small number of
the enemy ; but it couid beat, with less diffi
culty, double its number of them who would
bravely give battle, than it could find a hand
ful of skulking I ndiaus in the Okefinokec, or
protect an extensive frontier from their mid.
night incursions. I would respectfully sug
gest, that such force as your excellency may
deem sufficient, should be prepared to take
the place of the Georgia Regime, t, imtnedi
ately on its retiring from service ; and that it
should ba called out for six instead of three
months.
I send herewith a map of the Okefinokee,
roughly drawn on the field by Lieut. McLane,
Topographical Engineer of the United States
Army. The mean diameter of the swamp is
between 35 and 40 miles.
I tun. with high respect,
Your excellency’s ob't servant,
CHARLES FLOYD,
Brig. Gen. Commanding (as Col.) Okefino
kee Dist. His Excellency Geo. R. Gilmer.
Governor of Geosgia.
AN IN I ERESTi N G WI D 0 iV.
Inotieed among the crowd of fashion that
flitted thro' the Avenue, a widow lady, whose
history is so sin'Till ar, and whose personal
charms are so attractive, that I linger with
wonder over the fiist, and with honest devo
tion and admiration over the las'.
This lady is •.•.or yet on the other side office
and thirty y cm. and yet she has lost four hus
bands, and what is most extraordinary, they
all died by viuleiic l . 'I he first husband was
killed in rowing a R-gatta between L indon
Bridge and Suorerlitch. He was aboard the
winning birgo, the Lady Stanhope, when a
man in the losing barge, tho Duke of Suffolk,
struck him with the blade of tin oar, in a mo
mewt of irritation, and tho poor fellow died a
few days afterwards. The wife and widow,
of corns •, went into weeds, and retited to the
rural scenes of Warwickshire ; where she re.
solved to spend the remainder of her days in
seclusi.ii>. k did so happen, however that a
gallant und fashionable Major, attached to the
84ih regiment of ins majesty’s infantry, found
his way to me young widow’s retreat in War
wickshire ,■ and, although her grief was ex
cessive, sincere and unqualified, she could not
for the soul of her resist his eloquence, when
he threw himself nt her feet and descanted
with all the eloquence of n Tully, and in the
mingled cadences mid sentences of a philoso
pher mid the platonic lover, of the delights of
a '‘fourth esiate” in the world of beauty.
lie talked ot love and honor, and chivalry :
and swore that he lived but to adoie her, and
was ready to meet the noblest and most gal
lant Knight that the world could afford ut tho
touinameut. and win the favor of his ladv love
by trial of bittie. 'I he lady listened, linger
ed, and wept mid rejoiced over the passions
of the lover; mid at last, cast off her weeds,
and abjured the Sylvan scene of Warwickshire
gave her h uid to tho gallant major and set up
n establishment in the Moor-fields Finishing
Square.
A few months after union with the major,
sho accompanied him on an excursion to Bel
gium. While at Brussels, she spent an eve
ning m the Library oi the Orange palace, and
the lady received, us it was subsequently sup
posed, an unintentional insult at the hands of
an Austrian colonel. Iho major was impet
uous ; in a paroxysm of madness spat in the
face ot the offender. Usual cards were forth
with exchanged, and the sequel was a duel on
the banks of the Seine. At the first fire, the
major fell mortally wounded, and scarcely had
time to commend his wife to the protection of
an E.iglish Admiral, then at Brussels, before
he surrendered.
“ -rhis honors to the world again.
His blessed part to heaven,and slept in peace,
Again were weeds and seclusion resorted to
by the unfortunate lady; and she had resolv-i
ed, at one lima, to enter a monastic institution,
and devote herself to the rosary and cross;
but ere she could carry her rash design into
execution a Scotch merchant, a native of
Glasgow,, a man distinguished, for his wealth
and enterprise, who accidentally happened to
be in Brussels, s Might, wooed and won her al
ready twice widowed heart. They were mar
ried ut the Hotel de Ville, and soon after mi-,
grated to London. The husband, not more
than a month after his marriage, was called i
by imperious business to Scotland, and leav
ing his wife at herestablishment in Moor-fields,
sailed in the ill fated Rothsay Castle steamer
for the north. With that unfortunate vessel,
he went “ down to the bottom” of the
Deep, deep sea,
and from that disastrous day, no fond hope of
the ultimate restoration of his lifeless form has
sut H e rtt OS Hi g ♦
traded the anxious ear of love and effection.
But the widow was not destined to remain in
nor “third esta’e” of weeds and .anguish. —
Sir Charles ****** about the period oi tho wid
ow’s third widowhood, returned to London,
dushed with success and potsessed of wealth
ibmidant. from Coromandel. Ha sought and
bund the widow of the Mocr-fields, as she
was then familiarly designated, and it is scarce
ly necessary to say, that dashing and gallant
soldier, was soon lhe ‘'Commissioned Lord
and master” of the young widow’s heart. —■
Soon after the marriage of Sir Charles with
the widow—it might have been eight or ten
months afterwards—he was ordered on a di.
plomatic mission to the German states; and
whilst makings journey from Lubec to Frank
fort on the Mayne, in a stage coach, the vehi
cle was assailed Ly robbers, and Sii'jChatles
UQd all the inmates of the carriage, were bru
taliy mt idered. The wife, now once more a
widow, iind remained in E'gland, and was
est to weep ever the death of a fourth husband,
who like his predecessors, bad fallen by the
hand of violence.
1 met this lady in Florence and in Rami’,
some few years ago. She was then inmate at
the. Villa of the Marquis of Hastings, and it
whs tbero I first learned her extraordinary
story. Yi'S'.erday i met her in Pennsylvania
Avei.ti". and to my surprise she recognized
mo. She remains in the citv but a few <iavs
ho« • ver and is now on her way from the city
of Mexico to London. She is beautiful, and
though tier life has been chequered by melan
choly and disastrous incidents, she appears to
have lost none of her pristine bimvancy r.f
spirits; nor h ive the united attacks of time
and sorrow, made any impnession on the ele
gance of her form or the brilliancy of her per
sonal beauty.
In reply to n good natured romirk that 1
made in relation to the sweets of matrimony,
she said, “ I know little of the raptures on
which you dilate; there was a limo when I
could appreciate them ; but I suppose that if
I liso.n to your sex, 1 shall be obliged to take
another husband. But, ah me! I dread the
idea, t„r it appears that some fatality attends
me; all, all die, whom I love; and the man
who takes me next, must possess more cour.
age than the Austrian troops did at Jena !” I
du not doubt, that the widow ere the lapse of
u Couple of months, will have her fifth hus
band.— U. S. Gazet'e.
Free EauklnJ,
RULES AND REGULATIONS
OF THE COMPTROLLER AND COMMISSIONERS.
Extract from their Minutes.
“ Resolved, That for the information of
persons desiring to establish Banking Institu.
tions under the law to authorize the business
ot Banking and to regulate the same,” the
following rules and regulations be published,
viz.
Rule I. Persons or association intending
to commence the business of Banking, under
said act, will be required to deposite with the
Comptroller and Commissioners, funds for the
procurement ot’the printed bills intended for
circu at on as money, and for defraying other
! expenses to be incurred. (See sections 1 and
J ‘5.)
I Rule 11. Bonds and Mortgages intended to
! ba assigned to the Comptroller and Commis
sioners, will be made to the persons or asso
ciations applying for the bonefit of the act, for
tin amount equal to the appraised value of the
property, and bonds and mortgages made to
other persons than those applying, maybe
transferred to such persons or associations,
and by them assigned to the Comptroller and
Commissioners ; the bonds to be made paya
ble one day after date, bearing interests at the
rate of six per cent, per annum. The pro
pertv mortgaged to be free of every iucum
bratice, and to be within this State. he
Comptroller and Commissioners will deliver to
the person or associations applying, bills for
circulation, amounting to one half the appri
sed value of the lands mortgaged, and for
Douds and mortgages on town property and
slaves an amount of bills equal to one fourth
of their value will be delivered.* [See sections!
Rule 111. The valuation of lands, town
property and slaves, will be made by three or
i more disinterested persons, to be appointed by
the Comptroller and Commissioners, lands to
be valued independently of the buildings there
on and in all instances the property to be ap
praised according to its cash value; such
appraisement to be made under oath, endorsed
on, or attached to the mortgages, subscribed by
the valuing agents, and attested by a judicial
officer of this State. The Comptroller and
Commissioners will exercise the right to insti
tute further enquiry as to the value, if consid
ered necessary. [See section 8.
Rule IV. The evidences of title to prop,
erty mortgaged shall be submitted to the
Comptroller and Commissioners. In regard
to titles to personal property, proof of posses
sion and uncontested ownership, together with
conveyances to the same, if in existence, will
be required. In any case when property ci
ther real or personal is valued, the oath ot the
valuing agents that they know of no lien, de
ficiency, or dispute us ths title ; also, theoath
of the mortgager, that he knows of no detect
or dispute in his title, and that he has no knowl
edge of the existence of any previous mort
gage or lien on the property, will be required.
[See section B.]
Rule V. Certificates of the Clerks and Ma
gisti utes of the several courts of tho counties
and districts where the mortgager has resided
for the last seven year®, will be required, show
ing that there were no mortgages, other liens,
or judgements, remaining unsatisfied in said
courts, or elsewhere, within their knowledge
against said mortgager, at the time oftlie ex
ecution of said mortgage. [Seo sections.]
Rule VI. Mortgages must bo recorded
in the county where the lands lie, and also
in the county where the mortgager resides,
and be so certified by the clerks of the superi
or courts of such counties.[See section 28.]
Ordered, That the foregoing Rulesand Reg
ulations be published in the Federal Union and
Southern Recorder.
JOHN G. PARK, Comptroller Gen.
CHARLES D. HAMMOND, ) „
BENJAMIN A. WHITE, $ Com ‘
* Blank mortgages and bonds will be prepar
ed and furnished, by the Commissioners, on
application.
7 and 8-]
Celibacy.—This disease in spreading to
an alarming extent in our city ; and unless
soon checked in its progress, depopulation
must certainly ensue. Multitudes, from the
gray hairs of sixty down to the raven locks of
twenty.five, with shame be it said, are living
single, solitary and alone, much to tho incon
venience of socie'y and annoyance to the la
dies. These misanthropies seem to forget
that there is such a being upon the stage of
existence as woman., <xnd that there is one
mould foreveryjwodesigned.” They tug along,
the path way of life, beneath a ponderous pack
ofcupidity and selfishness* casting their frowns
upon all that is fair and beautiful, till tired,
weary and exhausted, they sink by the way
side, without one to cheer, to aid, or to sympa
thise. They then look upon themselves as
having been mere cyphers in creation, of no
nominal account while standing alone, but of
tenfold value when united to one.
Ao old bachelor may well be termed “ the
jest and riddle of the wold.;” he shuns the so
ciety of the fair sex, through the fear of en
countering such insinuations on the subject
of matrimony, as may prove goads to his sen
sitive feelings. He performs his daily avoca.
tions for the appoarnce of industry or business
without knowing the why or wherefore of his
toil; he returns to hia lonely abode at even
ing, butnosmilo welcomes him;
“No children run to lisp their sire’s return,'”’
no wife to prepare his accustomed meals, and
none to contdhuto to his happiness, comfort
and convenience. He looks upon the female
kind as mere wild flowers of the forest, destin
ed to bud, bloom and decay, unseen, unpluck
ed, and unnoticed, while ha fosters in his own
heart a lawless ambition, understood by none
but himself, and wears a false excressence of
pride, equally mysterious. In short, he eats
—he drinks—he sleeps—treads his solitary
round o! life, and drops into the grave without
having accomplished that for which ho was
designed. “ Who is there to mourn tor Lo
gan i —Not one.”
This evil should be averted, and measures
ought to be taken accordingly. W’e recoin
menu that every bachelor past the age of
twenty.five years, b» subject to an annual tax
(with the exception of editors, they being a
separate and distinct species of human kind ;)
and that the revenues arising from such ta*
be distributed amoung single females over and
abovo a certain age. If this plan were ad
opted, we fe.-l confident that celibacy, would
ecist but in a slight degree, and that many of
our young maidens who are now compelled
to see themselves safe home (or somewhere
else) perchance at midnight, would eventual
ly become help mates for man, and ornaments
to society. —N. Y. IF/iij.
Fkom the N. Y. Hebald.
England.—The news from London is on.
' ly about 31 hours later than that brougut by
the Royal William ; the news from Havre and
Pans is four days later than was brought by
the packet ship Poland.
The Queen, Mr. Stevenson and his lady,
with the nobles of the court, all went out to a
stag hunt on the 15th of December.
Active preparations are still making all
over England to enrol soldiers and sailors for
the government. Fortifications are to be erec
ted in several parts of the coasts now consid
ered defenceless, and the whole of the move,
ments of the British govenimentdecidediy indi
cate that they expect to be engaged in a fierce
war before the close of lhe year.
Lord Grev is exceedingly indignant at the
treatment which his son-in-law, Lord Dur
ham, has received—he openly states him to
be, in his opinion, the most injured man alive ;
and will support those opinions in his place in
Parliament.
Fkance.—The King of France opened the
Session of r.ie Chambers for 1839 in person,
on the 17th of December, with the usual cere
monies; the Queen, Dukes D’Orleans and
D’Aumale attended. The following are lhe
principal points of his speech, which wo trans
late from the “Journal des Debats
In this speech he assures the members of
that body that, since the last session, the na.
tion has continued to enjoy an uninterrupted
state of prosperity. That France continues
to receive the most satisfactory assurances of
peace from all the great powers. That the
Conferences at London on the affairs of Hol.
land and Belgium, are tending to the firm es.
tablishment of the independence of Belgium,
and to guaranfee the rapcse of Europe. In
Itally the Austrian troops had left the Roman
Stales, and the French army has evacuated
Ancona, in conformity with lhe provisions
settled at the recent Convention. Spain is
still a prey to the same luptures and the same
misfortunes. The government continued to
extend to her not only the assistance author
ised by the treaty, but also su< h further suc
cor as the interest of France would permit
her to give.
In Africa, says his Majesty, our persever
□ nee and sacrifices are at length giving us au
ample recompense. The inhabitants of that
country have been at last brought to respect
lhe power of France, and without hesitation
to obey a government which rules ou regular
and equitable principles.
I His Majesty regrets the difference which
still exists between lhe French nation and the
republic of Mexico, and informs the Cham
bers that the naval forces which have been
despatched, will not quit tho blockade of Ve
ra Cruz until full and perfect satisfaction has
been obtained for the injuries which the com.
inerco of France has received from the citi
zens and govornment of Mexico.
His Majesiy then adverts to the financial as
fairs and the domestic situation of the French
nation, and winds up his message by hoping
that the deliberations of the Chambers will
prove to the world that the monarchial const!
tution is in accordance with the spirtt of the
age, and calculated to give stability to the
state.
Spain-—Dates from Madrid to Dec. 10th
have reached us. ••• Pita Pizarro is the
new Minister of Finance—Silvela and Gon
zales decline as Ministers of the Interior and
Justice. Chacon is named as minister of Ma
fine. The presidency of the council <s offer
ed to the Marquis de Milaflores. The order
to form an army of reserve is abolished. The
Queen Regent’s speech was graciously replied
to bj the Cortes. The fighting still contin.
ues. Don Carlos was at Azcoita December
12th. De Leon killed 120 Carlists out of
eight squadrons who tried to cross lhe Ebro ;
this caused the fund to rise.
Pobtvgal.— Lisbon Dec. B.—Large pur
chases of corn have been made to ship to Lon
don. Some encounters have taken place De
tween the government troops and lhe guerillas
ot the south. lu one of these, John B.iio, the
only surviving brother of that Migueliet fam
ily, is stated to have been killed. The finan
cial embarrassment of the Portuguese Govern
is said to be so great that the Queen’s allow
ance is eight months in arrear, and that she
has been reduced to the necessity of pawning
some ofh?r jewels to cover the expense of her
household. The Royal Session of the Cortes
was to be held on Sunday, the Sth inst. Count
D.is Antas, the Military Governor of Oporto,
is one of the new senators, but declines to give
up his command. He will be allowed to re
tain his command at Oporto, and to absent
himself from ths Senate.
Holland— The Hague, Dee. 16—It is
confidently stated that our Cabinet had recei
ved two drafts of treaties—one between Hol
land and the Courts of Vienna. London, and
St. Petersburg)!, and the other between Hol
land and Be’gium. These were settled at the
last meeting of the Conference of London,
when England decidedly took part with the
other three powers, and thus gave up France,
who still endeavored t,o_ postpone the sig.
nature of the ultimatum. We are angions to
learn what determination will become to by
our Government, which has not yet made a
single concession. Troops are about to be
marched to the frontier on account oi the war
like preparations of Belgium. The second
Chamber of the Stales has just voted the budg
et by a majority of 40 against 18.
Frankfobt, Dec. 15, —We have just re.
ceived late St. Pefersbuigh papers, which
state that all such Jews ns cann t prove them
selves to be in possession of a certain amount
of property, will be compelled to reside 40
versts, or about 80 miles, at least from the
frontiers, in order to prevent their being enga
ged in smuggling, All such as have proper
ty are to be called upon to give pledges that
neither themselves nor any of their nation,
with thoir knowledge, shall carry on this
fraudulent traffic. All the Jewish commer
cial brokers in Russia, who are not natives,
it is said, are about to be sent out of the coun
try.
Berlin, Dec. 12.—An elephant belonging
to a menagerie at Potsdam having become in
an ungovernable state, so as to render it abso
lutely necessary to destroy him, was killed
on the Bth inst. by having administered to
him ten ounces of prussic acid, which, how
ever, did not effect the desired purpose till af
ter two hours. Other strong poisons had
been previously given to the unfortunate ani
mal.but they did not either extinguish life or
calm his rage. Ag.eat number of medical
I men from this city went on purpose to see the
I above treatment upon a great scale. The
King of Prussia gave 1000 thalers tor the
dead body of the animal.
Ancona. Dec. 10.—The ships ha e sailed
with the French garrison. The Pope’s troops
have received the resignation of all the posts
from the French guards ; the French Gener
al and his staff embarked in the Diadem
Naples, Dec. Bth. —Several important cap
tions of robbers have recently made in Sicily
and their bands have been dispersed. These
circumstances, added to the new organization
of local armed forces, have greatly dimin
ished the firmer insecurity of the island.
Malta, Dec. 1. —The Queen Dowager of
England has arrived here in the Hastings, and
his created great excitement; for the first
time the roval standard of England has bean
seen to float from the castle of La Valette.
Smyrna, Nov 28.—The Pacha tried to
pass Assouan, the first contract, in his steam
er, but covid not ; we shall not hear of him
again till he reaches Kardoum ; 15 days jour
ney across the Desert will take him to his
destination.
Athens, Nov. 27. —They are attacking
editors here as they do in New York. M An
totnudes, editor of the Minerva, has been bea
ten by six men. and nearly killed. Col. Grail
lard, our Commandant, is dismissed. The
two daughters of Marco Botzaris are to have
500 stremma of national lands, and 6,000
drachmas. The Ministiy is to be changed.
The king sticks close to business. ,
Constantinople, Nov. 27.—The Queeu
Dowager of England is hourly expected here,
and apartments are prepared for her. Mr.
Bulwer is here, dangerously ill. The Greek
Patriarch is dismissed from office ; this has oc
casioned great excitement. The plague has
broke out in the superb Kissam Pacha, near
the arsenal. This place is deserted, in a com
mercial point of view. The sultan is visiting
all the Mosques. Russia has disgarrisoned
Abesia of the cordon of 16,000 men, who pre
viously covered the coast of that province ;
they have been conveyed with the utmost ex
pedition to Odessa, on board six ships of the
line, mid other smaller vessels, the number of
which was daily increasing on the Black Sea,
through the unexampled activity which pre
vailed in the docks of Sebastopol.
Alexand-'.ia, Nov 26.—Portugal has es
tablished a Consul here and has no Ambassa
dor or commercial relations with us, Tbe
Egyptian army, 40,000 strong, has left Alep
po (leaving 10,000 there) to march with Ibra
ham Pacha against the Kurd mountain chiefs.
Mexico—The French brig Therese Louise,
arrived last night from Vera Cruz, having on
board 100 French passengers, late residents
of that city. She sailed on the 4th instant,
when an English squadron, consisting of 2
ships of the line, 4 frigates and 7 corvettes and
brigs were lying at Vera Cruz and Sacrifi
cios.
Things remained in the same state at Vera
Cruz as nt the date of the last advices. The
Mexican army was lying in the vicinity of the
city, and the French residents were arriving
from the interior with the view of embark
ing.—Louisianian.
1 ", .■■■ ~, ,■ ■ .„, jr-a, '/r
Athens, Ga. Saturday, February 2, 1839
To Correspondents.
‘ Despair’ must write better poetry or despair
of having it published. The communications
of ‘ Phi Kappa’ and l E.’ are declined. ‘ The
month of May,’ shall appear next week.
Owing to the irregularity of the mails our
C ongressional journal is somewhat defective,
but it is Amos’s fault, notours, unless we had
followed the example of one of our brethren,
who promised “ to give the latest news by mail,
and when none came, to make some,”
A National Bank.
It is evident that the more sensible portion of
the Administration party, as well as the Whigs,
desire the establishment of a National Bank,
knowing as they do, that nothing but such an
institution can regulate the currency of our
country, and control the State Banks. The
great mass of anti-bank men were not those
who were practically acquainted with financial
concerns, but men whose avocations did not
allow them time to study the great laws of cur
rency, headed and excited by ambitious dema
gogues, who understood little of finance, but
who too well knew how to stir up the passions
of the people. The Bank of the United States
become the object of their attack—
“ They conquered, but the people fell,”
and have now learned by experience, that the
contest has availed them nothing; but, that they,
like many other clients, have lost their cause,
while the lawyers are pocketing the fees.
The administration party are certainly in an
awkward dilemma, but when a whole nation has
been rendered bankrupt, in order to gratify an
ambitious mdividval who fills the Presidential
chair, it is certainly not asking 100 much that
the remedy should proceed from the party
which has elected him, and sustained him in his
reinous schemes; but, should they, in spite
of the warnings of an injured and betrayed
people, which have been given through the
ballot box from one end es our land to the other;
persist upon forcing the Sub Treasury scheme
upon the nation, we trust that the Whig mem
bers of Congress will have something to pro
pose; and not occupy their time with debating
upon the wietched, time-serving expedients of
the administration, without coming to the point,
and offering the only measure to the people by
which the finances of our country can be pro
perly regulated. That measure must be obvi
ous to all—it is to return to the old system, of a
National bank.
Unless this is done, we waste our time in
useless remonstrances—The public monies will
be squandered by an army of corrupt office
holders, or used to control oflr elections, and
our beloved country, formerly the land of the
free, will continue to remain what it has been
for the last nine years ‘a monarchy in disguise.’
Bank of Heme.
We regret to learn that a want of confidenoe
in the stability ot tie Bank of Rome prevails in
our vicinity. Believing from the statements,
which have been made to us, that it is without
any just foundation, we would earnestly caution
our townsmen not to make any sacrifice from
the reports they may hear, unless they are fully
convinced of their authenticity.
Augauta Mirror.
That admirable tale, The British Partisan, is
finished in the last number, and an admirabl e
number it is, being, if possible, more interesting
than its predecessors. We are pleased to see
that the Partizan will shortly be published in
duodecimo form, by the Editor of the Mirror,
and would advise all our friends who wish to
obtain copies to make early applcation, as it will
doubtless have a rapid sale. We shall conclude
its republication in our next.
Death of Judge Colcock.
The Charleston Mercury of Monday morning
says:—On Saturday night, at his residence in
Broad-street, the venerable Charles J. Colcock
President of the Bank of the State, closed his
eyes in death. He had lingered for some months
in feeble health; but though his life had been
despaired of all who knew his situation, few
will hear without a shock the annunciation of
his death. Judge Colcock was one of those men
whose superior talents, firmness and stainless
integrity, make them pillars of the state—These
qualitiesjin him had Jong'commandedthe deepest
confidence of his fellow citizens, and led to their
reposing in him the most important publie
trusts. Haw he has discharged these high du
ties, the voice of the whole State will answer.—
The memory of his public services is a monu
ment which will lorg be regarded with venera.
tion.
Liberia.
We learn from the New York Observer that
the ship Saluda, to be. navigated by colored men,
and employed by the Colonization Society in
transportation of emigrants to Africa, is now
purchased, and the colored crew being nearly
completed, she is expected to sail in a few days.
This vessel will be commanded, during the first
voyage by Captain Wators, a white man of high
respectability, an experienced mariner from
Salem, Mass. Thomas Buchanan, Esq., whose
services on a former occasion were so eminent
ly successful in regulating the affairs of the col
ony at Bassa Cove, and other settlements along
the coast, has recently been re-appointed Gov
ernor General of the various colonies, and will
embark in this ship at that port, with a few emi
grants, and will call at Norfolk, Virginia, for the
residue.
Free Rankinj Law.
Two Companies have been formed under the
General banking law of the last session of the
Legislature ; ene at West Point, Troup County,
the other at Bainbridge, Decature County. Un.
der a similar Act of th<* Legislature of New
Vork, thirty-two Associations have filed cer
tificates, with an aggregate Capital cf $8,883,-
170, and bills to the amount of 1,314,990 Dol
lars have been issued by the Comptroller to
thirteen institutions.
We learn from the Georgia Pioneer, that the
citizens of Cass County held a meeting on Mon
day last, with a view to the establishment of an
institution of the kind, and appoint a Committee
of six to open Books in Cassville nnd other
sections of the County, fur the reception of
subscription for stock. Also, appointed a
Committee of five to invite the North Western
counties of the State to co-operate with them,
by holding meetings of like character nnd ap,
pointing Committees to open Books <kc.
The third Friday in March next, is the day ap
pointed for a general meeting of the Stock
holders to convene, at Cassville for the purpose
of organization, ic. &c.— Western Georgian,
Jan. 26.
I'ire.
Yesterday, about half-past 10 o’clock, in ths
morning, says the Augusta Chronicle &. Sen
tinel.of Jan. 29 a fire broke out in a house be
longing to .Mr. J. Shopp, on Green-street, oc
cupied by himself, which was entirely consum
ed, together with another house near it, belong
ing to a widow lady, whose name we did not
learn. IVe understand that there was no in
surance on either of the buildings. Mr. Shopp’s
house was entirely new, having been recently
put up. We have not understood how it ori
ginated, but it was probably the result of acci
dent.
This is the fourth fire in ear city within a
short period of time.
Since the above was put in type, we hare
learned that a negro girl has been arrested, on
suspicion of having set fire lo the house where
in it originated, and is now awaiting an examin.
ation.
The Philadelphia American Silk Grower, for
December, a paper devoted to the grewth of
Silk, has the following:—
It is said that N. Biddie, Esq. has purchased
504)00 Mor us Multicaulis trees, and intends to
engage in the silk business. We are at present
unable to advise our administration or whig
friend* whether, by this movement, ho intends
to subvert the liberties of the people of this
country. At any rate, we rejoice that men of
enterprise and capital are putting theh shoul
ders to the wheel.
Every one for their own Taste.
Caroline Avgusta Chase, and seven hundred,
and thirty other ladies, in Lynn, Mass, have pe
titioned the Legisla'ure of Massachusetts te
repeal the law prohibiting be T
tween the Whites and Blacks.
The following toast was given by E. Biela
ardson. President of the Philadelphia Typo
graphical Society, at their late annual meeting:
Tua Evils of Rum.—lt gets into our head
throws us offour/eet, pets us out ol register sad
sorts, batters eur forms, makes us tossea on a
cloudy night, causes us to make a wrone use Zs
and knock down the
matter of others, brings us to ff’s points
best friends, reduces us the conditi- _ J?
gets us into the wrong box, brie . , X° or F t ’
It a Shark were bom on land, he would be a
Sub-Treasurer—LouisrilZg Journal ** *
*• Does not that bell tolling,” observed hi.
panion to Col. —, on hearing a funeral knell
put you tn mind of your fatter end*** ** No *
but the rape puts me in mind of yours.” ’