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ihe power to legislate over; tent rights and copyrights. This pow- j cured their end and therefore change I tber shown by the subsequent action oi j
s i# derived, I shall not 1 er belongs to the Stale governments to j. their policy. My objections to the Cal-j the same Congress. Oir'the 2nd, of
from whence the
the territories
t discuss it. No matter
tie man from Massachusetts
threatens trs with three i
»« government# but bjr'f
llie extent that it exist e anywhere.—j ifornia bill of the last session were nu- ! April,. 1790, Congress, by a torntal net, I ages (he means substitutes) in ihe per- i SjSntot ii!. iowS?*-* * u : etxerciaedj '
place jt, the power to legislate against; Whatever an^ of the States recognize] merous and grave, but it had the J accepted the cession made by North C'aV sons of our. slaves, to inlbrce Free Soil! without that comfcht, is usurpation.: , h u .T* er 5r f;
slavery is tmt a legitimate incident to it, i as properly, it ir the duly of this Go- great advantage-of settling the whole ]Volina of hei western lands, (now’ the j insolence. The gentleman from Illinois ••—-na-waN-d nower, w e *
' and cttnuoi by,any just ride.df-const{-i vernment to protect. When it places question without any violation of sound ? Stale of Tennessee) with this clause ' rxr n ** 11
fajibnat const ruction be tleriycd from if. j hselt* in hostility to properly fbussecbr- T ■* r -— ** - ' * • • - — 1
If] S0ET18N whig.
john Christy, editor.
Thc.ribjccl, the end, is riowhere sane- jed, it becomes an enemy to the people,
lipned by the roust it utrotr, therefore the 'and ought to be corrected or subverted,
means cannot be employed. The or* | This is a question which affects the
'.gpmen^ ol the North, staled'briefly, is (rights of all the Slates.
T 4lbi#^' , Jfhat the object of the 4>qwyr to 1 .This is the only rule which can pre-
Vlegislate oyer the territories is to give serve the harmony of the Union, aiul
llremgorij government, and that the ex- enable tlie General Government to per-
* .elusion of slavery is a necessary and form impartially its duties‘to States
. proper means to secure that object.— ' having different interests and insiito-
"ChflCe'Coocloeion is not warranted, by j tions. We have inf right locomplain,
•"'to* • premises, even considering it as a I and wc do not complain of any policy
* gtipsralproporiiion, wiibnul reference | which our confederates may impose
to our peculiar .form of govornmeni;—' upon tlieir citizens in relation to slavery
. taken in that connection, it is not only j within their own limits; nor do we coin-
illogical, but atrocious. It is assuitoingplainof ihe opinions of individuals in
that there was an implied power given 1 reference to it. Massachusetts can send
to the head of our political system to aboirtro:.ists here if she chooses, and she
war against its"'members—a power to, makes a free use of the right. What
. stamp \yith reprobation the institutions , have the right to demand,and what w<
of fifteen States of lb® Republic, to dr- 1 demand is, that they shall not impress
clarc their institutions inconsistent wijh ; their anti-slavery opinions upon thelegis-
. good government, and to forbid their j.lutinuihis Government. We neither de-
principles. I therefore overcame tfiylthedeed
objections, and gave it my cordial and | tirins made
ndoptl
i if desired by the peri? j sire to f<
policy upon her, nor will
cession; . “ Thai
[Mr. Bissell] threatens, us. with twice. I P res . 3<) t
egula- 1 thrice, yea, tour times
tq b® made by Congressj ready to immolate tbeniselv
a!l ilVgmtcd power, whetbi,
,pli e J,i.,lh.tit, S hx«t>« ”*«■*];
‘ . * 1 justlv used for the common benefit-of thoie no
regimenu delrgale h. No honeu, intelMscnt muncan be-
.L- : ...:. L a - ita hislorv before
pport. The bill now before | stfall tend to Anantinate slaves” in the cause under pretext of support™
us for the .admission of California, has j ceded territory; anct on the- 26th of-Union. These arc brave words, even for tbeltdaverroaertviir the Territories,’ or anywhere]
not that merit. It has all the objections I May, 1790,- passed a territorial bill for a militia colonel; Illinois can march‘" e tee. ■ The da^hat-you do-.itfyou pburtdio
this ; lieve. with the.Con#titutihS and.its history" boloi
i|,p him, that the slavelioldihg States intended to eou-,
V ; for upon Congress the power to legislate against |
t for in »h* territories, or anywhere
pic, 6^r the inhabitants of the common ( we submit to have hers forced upon
domaiu'nf all the States. There lies We offer.her the power and the resour-1 and to exclude it from the territo
lion. It setjles nothing hut the addition
of another non-slaveholding State to
the Ubion, thus giving the predominat
ing interest additional power to settle
more fully the territorial questions which
it leaves unadjusted. In this state of
the questionjt cannot receive my sup-
port.'
-'Those who claim the power in Con
gress to exclude slavery from the territo
ries rely rather on authority than prin
ciple to support it. They affirm, with
singular ignorance of, or want of fideli
ty to, the facts, that Congress has from
the beginning of the Government uni
formly claimed end repeatedly exer
cised the power to discourage slavery
the real question between us. This jces.of the Republic !o protect her prop- j My
pretension is not only not warranted by ,erty. We require the same for ourselves, isfied
the Constitution, but brings you in di- j What object of ma!rrinl wealih,a»i-
rect collision with the fundamental prin-‘ rnnte or inanimate, recognized by the
ciples of this Government and of all laws of the northern Slates, have we
good government. .This Government ever failed to protect ? None. When
was established for the protection of the j have we ever attempted, by legislation
rights ol persons and the rights of prop- nr otherwise, to war upon her dotnes-
erty of the political communities which tic policy? Never. We have not on*
ndopled it. These tire the primary oh- ; |y protected her wealth, when created
jecls of all good government. The pro-J or acquired, but we have done
leitinflOf property is the corner-stone ofj we have aided her by our legislation to
imWstyv, nfnational progress, ofeivil
lion. .•Nngoverrtfhentcnn stand
Tien, or ought to sta
brings its (towers
create it. By our navigation laws
r-! have given her the monopoly of our
I anywhere, which coasting trade. By discriminating tar-
hnstiliiy to the pro- j ifls wc. have invigorated and siiniulat-
perty nf the people. These princip.es j ed the arm of her industry. We have
lit the foundation of the positions j followed with our laws her ships
which I assumed at the opening of this freighted with her property, and her
Congress. They elicited much animat!- j hardy seaman in pursuit of wealth, over
version from the press of the North, i the trackless ocean, to the uttermost
and some from people of the South who J parts of the world. They have traversed
are nmoug us hut not of us. 1 desire ( every ocean ; they have stood upon ev-
here again to reaffirm them. I shall cry isle of the sea and upon every con
stant! by them. If their maintenance by ; tinent of the earth, securely pursuing
the So jib costs the Union, it is your j the acquisition of wealth, under that
fault, not ours. Our lives, our proper-! emblem of our nationality—the stars
ly, our constitutional privileges, are all j and stripes.
; 'WtuHy involved in the issue. Your po- t We have withheld no part of the price
tition offers us the fate of Hayti, or, at —neither of blood nor treasure—nf
. best, of Jamaica, or resistance to law- j winning for that flag a.name and
less rule; I trust there is nothing in our . nown which rnukes it so omnipotent to
past history which ought to induce you : shield the persons and property of
‘to doubt which alternative' we shall ac- J Americans citizens. The sight of the
cepl. Though the Union may perish, i flag of England once caused every
though slavery may perish, I warn my Anglo-Saxon heart on this continent to
countrymen never to surrender their leap with joy and gladness. Then the
right loan equal participation in the i power which it represented was used
common property of the Republic, nor j to shield and protect them. Foolish ty-
their right to full and ample protection j rants made, it the emblem of degrada-
of their ‘ properly from their own gov- j lion. Loyalty was converted into bate
crnmcni. The dny they do this deed, j —the rest is history. Profit by its
•Mhcir fall shall be like that or Lucifer, | teachings. I demand to-day that pro-
' never to rise again.” | lection for my constituents which
This general duty of government to
protect the property of the people, is so
obviously just that it is usually admit
ted, with'the qualification of excepting
•lave property. This very exception is
but asserting in n more odious form,
bosliriy to our rights. The principle
upon which this exception is pretended
To be based is, that slavery is a pecu-
S*r institution, and .is against the com
mon law of mankind. If slavery is a
|jeco1iae institution, I have to reply,
then our Goxennroent is a peculiar go
vernment, and our Constitution is a
peculiar constitution, for I have alrea
dy' shown that both the Government
and the Constitution are impregnated
with.the peculiarity. ‘•The common
law of mankind” is at best but np un
certain terpra-; II wants many of the
essential ingredients of good law. It is
difficult of ascertainment, and. more dif
ficult to enforce. I lake its.best expo
nent to be the practice of mankind.-
Tested hy this rule, the position of o
opponents is untenable.- There is
fienori in the history of the human ra
hi trliidh slavery ‘has not existed in
great portion of fhe earth. It was the
tmivrrsnl practice of mankind from the
days of Abraham until the formation of
fair Constitution. It was expressly au-
thnrized anti sanctioned by thesnccessor
rlTSt. Peter in the sixteenth coaturv,
arid was tit that time the general law of
Christendom. At the formation of Our
have never withheld from you. It is the
price of our allegiance. Let us under
stand each other. We hold it to be the
duty of this government to protect the
ation of the subject has sat-
own mind that iieitber posi-
stained by a single precedent.
1 exclude, of course, legislation prolnbit-
_ the African slave trade; and 1 hold
the ordinance of 1787 not to be within
the principle asserted. For the first
thirty years of our history this general
duty to protect this g*pat interest equal
ly within every other, was universally
admitted and fairly performed by
that shall
; but \t will be the reflux
tkle; it shall
' ill fi-
of leg-
territory-included alt ihe lands ceded ourselves. Gentlemen may spare their may roll back for
by North Carolina, but it included a , threats ; he-who counts the danger of overwhelm anddestroyit; butjt will
great deal more* Its boundaries were .defending his own honor is already Jre^iiSofevelwTweaiS/
Uft u an „ n .» .km. run. degraded; the people who count the nallv accomplish its- mission. The first
cost of maintaining their political rights islative hostility to slavery is thd proper point lor
are ready for slavery. The sentiment Southern resistence. Those uiadvawte nwy foj*
of every true man ai the South will be,; 1 e :ommon h,stor > r ° revo •
We took the Union and the constitu-, can a ,
tiou together—we will have both or .we;til# it
II have neither. This cry ofthe Union j ^ ter ^
the masked battery from behind which
left, indefinite, because there were con- ■ degraded; the people who count the natty a
flictingclaims to all the rest of tbe terri
tory. But this act put the whole coutt^
try claimed by the United Stated
south of ihe.Ohio under this pro-slave-
of the North Carolina ^leed.. tiou together*—we will have both or we tila interference is the point oi resistance,
The whole action of the first Congress will have neither. This cry of the t/iaion j ‘ t s o n0t ^n^erenee "rom^alien and 1
relation to slavery in the territoreis of is the masked battery from behind which fo, e fg n ' Governments" ^England owes
o .* ... l--.-- t • l "’ —institution and rights of the South much; France owes that much; Russia ow
be assailed. Let the -South mark
the United States seems to have been
this: It acquiesced in a government for
the Northwest Territory based upon a
pre-existing anti-slavery ordinance, ere*
ated a government for the country ce
ded by North Carolina in conformity
with the pro-slavery clause in her deed,
and extended this pro-slavery clause to
all the rest of the territory claimed by
the United Slates south of the Ohio river.
This legislation vindicates the first Con
gress from all imputation of having es
tablished tha precedent claimed by the
friends of legislative exclusion. The
next territorial act which was passed
was that of thc7lh r)f April, 179S. It
was the first act of territorial legisln-
hich had to rest solely upon
lepartment of the Government. The, giunl, primary, constitutional power
t of 1793 was passed to secure tlv
delivery up of fugitives from labor es
ping to the non-slaveholding Star
•ur navigi
ransportut!
the subject. It established a
rnment over the territory included
„ thin the boundaries of a line drawn
laws authorized their'due east from the mouth of the Yazoo
the high seas. The j river to the Chattahoochee river,, then
Government demanded and repeatedly j down that river to the thirty-first dej__
received compensation for the owners of north latitude, then west on Uiat line
of slaves, for injuries sustained in these ' to the Mississippi river, then up the Mis-
lawful voyages by the interference, of j sissippi to the beginning. Thisjerrito-
foreign Governments. It not only pro- ry was within the boundary of the Uni
ted ed us upon the high seas, but follow- ; t< d Slates as defined by the treaty of
cd us to foreign lands where we had i Paris, and was not within the boundary
been driven by the dangers of the sea,. of any of the States. The charter of
and protected slave properly when thus j Georgia limited h r boundary on the
cast even within the jurisdiction of j south to the Altamaha river. In 17G3,
hostile municipal laws. The slave j after the surrender of her charter, her
property of our people was protected j limits were extended by the Crown to
against the incursions of Indians hy ! the St. Mary’s river, and west on the
your military power and public treaties, j thirty-first degree of north latitude to
The citizens oi Georgia have received j the Mississippi. Inl764,ontherecom-
hamlredsof thousands of dollars through rr.endation of the Board of Trade, her
your treaties for Indian depredations ; boundary was again altered, and that
upon the species of property. That | portion of territory within the bounda-
clause of the treaty of Ghent which
provided compensation for properly de
stroyed or taken by the British Gov
ernment, placed slavery precisely upon
the same ground with other property-;
and a New England man [Mr. Adams]
ably and faithfully maintained the
rights of the slaveholder under it at the
Court of St. James. Then the Govern
ment was administered according to
the Constitution, and not according to
what is now called “the spirit-of the
age.” Those legislators looked for po-
persor.s and property of the citizens of j lilical_ powers and public duties,
the United States wherever its flag! organic law which political communi-
floats, and it has paramount jurisdic-! ties has laid down for their guidance
lion. And as a just corollary from this and governmeut. Humanity-mongers,
principle, we affirm that, as the territo- atheistical socialists, who would upturn
riesof the United States arc the com- the moral, social, and politcal founda-
mon property of the people of the sev- tibns of society, who would substitute
eral States, we have the right to enter the folly of men for the wisdom of Got!,
them with our flocks and our herds, were then justly considered as the ene-
wilhour men servants and our maid mies of the human race,' and as de-
servants, bnd whatever else the laws of serving the contempt, if not the exe-
any nl the Stales of this Union declare cration, of all mankind,
to be property, and to receive full and ! Until the year 1820 your territorial
ample protection from our common ‘ legislation was marked by the same ge-
Governments until its authority is right- ■! ncral spirit of fairness and justice.^ Not-
fully superseeded hy a S4ate Govern-j withstanding the constant assertions to
mem. This is equity, this is what we i ihe contrary by gentlemen from the
call equality. And it is what you! North, up to that period no act was
would call equity and equality but for ever passed by Congress, maintaining
your ernsade against slavery. jor asserting the primary constitutional
We do demand, as is constantly j power, to prevent any citizen of the
alleged on this floor and elsewhere, | United States owning slaves, from re-
that you shall establish slavery in the 1 moving with them to our territories, and
territories. I have endeavored to show' there receiving legal protection for this
that you have no power to do so. Slave- : properly. Until that time such persons
rv 'i3 a *• fixed fact” in your system. 1 did so remove into all the. territory
Wo ask protection against all hostile 1 owned or acquired by the United
impediments to the introduction, ami, 6tates, except the Northwest Territory,
peaceable enjoyment of all our property : and were there adequately protected
■ _ i- the territories; whether these im- The action of Congress in reference
- ATHENS,"GEORGIA:
Thursday Morning, March 28, 1850.
Ml with them; no human power
ertthe rcsuh. it will triumph. Though hos-
itertereuce is the point ot 4
« paper .honld be addreued lo the
pediments arise from foreign Igws or j the.ordinance of 1787 does not contra-
Ctmslttminu property in slaves was re- we • held it to he your duty to remove ', was passed on the 13th of July, 17S7,
cognized and protected in some form by them. Foreign laws can only exist in j before the adoption of our present con-
*wrry civilized government in the world, j acquired territory by your will, express j stitution.". It purported on its face to
If otir ennstiiuiidnnl rights to the pro- or implied. Iris a' fraud on our rights ; be a perpetual compact between th.
lection of our slave property is lo lie n» permit them to remain to our pfeju-
Kolijected to this new test; this new in- [dice. This new doctrine, asserting the
Mention of dur opponents, " the com j right «£ the squatters on -the public d«-
mon law of mankind,” we claim lo; main-to assume sovereignty over it, in
stand upon the law ai it stood when its territoriaLstate, was concocted only
the compact was made. It is the legal for a Presidential campaign. It failed
which I have described
ed to West Florida, and thus it stood
the Revolution, and the treaty
peace. Therefore the United Stales
claimed it as common property, and,
1798, passed the act now under
w for its government. In that act
she neither claimed nor exerted any
power to prohibit slavery in it. -Anti
the question ccme directly before Con
gress, the ordinance of 1787 in terms
was applied lo this territory, expressly
“ excepting and excluding the last arti
cle ot the ordinance,” which is the arti
cle excluding shivery from the North
west Territory. This is a precedent di
rectly in point, and is against the exer
cise of the poW^r now claimed. In
1802, Georgia ceded her western lands ;
she protected slavery in her grant, and
the Government complied with her stip
ulations.
-In 1803 the United Slates acquired
Louisiana from France by purchase.—
There is no special reference to slavery
in the treaty ; it was protected pnly un
der the general term of property. This
acquisition was soon after the treaty
divided into two Territories—the Or
leans and the Louisiana Territories—
over both of which govenments were
established. The law of slavery ob
tained iu the whole country at the time
we acquired it. Congress- prohibited
the foreign and domestic slave trade in
these Territories, but gave.the protec
tion of its laws to slave owners emi
grating thither with their slaves. Upon
the admission of Louisiana into-Union;
a new government was established hy
Congress over the rest of the country
under the nameot the Missouri Territo
ry. This aet also attempted no exclu
sion ; slaveholders also emigrated to the
country with their slaves, and
protected by tlieir government.
1819 Florida was acquired by purchase;
its laws recoguized and protected slave- ^ ^
of the acquisition. The I Thev
who is for the Union at every
hazard and to the last extremity; when
the day of her peril comes he will be
the imitator of that historical character
to whom tlie gentleman from Pennsyl-
[Mr. McLanaham] referred, “ the
base Judean who, for thirty pieces of
silver threw away a pearl richer than
all his tribe. 1 *
The South acquiesced, sir, in this
compromise. Texas being the next ac
quisition after its adoption, it was ap
plied to that country. Our claims to
Oregon being settled, and all of that
country 'lying above the compromise
line, the North applied the prohibition
of slavery to the whole of that country,
arid the South acquiesced in it. Mr.
Polk placed his approval of the bill up
on that express ground. The North,
after applying the compromise line to
Texas, now seeks to gel rid of it by
restricting the just territorial rights and
limits of Texas. In this we think we
have just cause of complaint; but the
gentleman from Ohio [Mr. Campbell]
manufactures out of this transaction
two of the main counts in his indicmenl
against the South. That gentleman
congratulates himself upon the fact that
Ohio has school-houses and schoolmas
ters at home. From the singularly in
accurate account which he gave of that
very recent and marked event in- our
public history. I could not resist the con
clusion that Ohio needed her school
masters. That gentleman charges the
annexation of Texas upon the South,
and through that policy he say
ern labor was stricken down by the
overthrow of the tariff ot 1S42, hy the
votes of the, Senators from Texas.
Mr. Campbell here stated that he said
southern policy.
Mr. Toombs continued. Neither allegati
■supported by the facts. When Mr. Tyler attempt
ed to annex Texas by treaty, it was strongly urged
upon the South on sectional grounds by distin-
I guished gentlemen connected with his government.
On its presentation to the Senate it was defeated
by a large majority, embracing both northern and
southern men. If was then taken up hy the Dem
ocratic party as a party measure: it was declared
by them to be a great American question. J
Van JJuren was overthrown at Baltimore for
posing it;. Mr. Polk was nominated for the Pr.
dcncy mainly for his support of it. Upon ev<
Democratic nag throughout the Republic—Noi
South, East and West—were inscribed Polk,
Dallas, Texas and Oregon.” The Democratic par
ty triumphed ; the "Whig party of the South coin
batted it with a fidelity equal to that of the North
both divisions of the party were overthrown ii
their respective sections, and a majority of the peo
pie at the North as well as the South sanctioned
the annexation of Texas. After this decisive pub
lic verdict in its favor, several Whigs from the
South voted for it; it had become a mere question
and t
sola
Thi
s their coilVse. The
42 fell by the same means; hostility l
feribed upon those same banners; i
cardinal principle.of Democratic fait!
ated by th
,_. x . . . i. Y
protection. Withhold it, and you make us !
is in our own Government. Our hostility to it, i
i, becomes a necessity—a necessity justified by
honor, our intererts, and our common safety.
These are stronger than alt human government.—
hostility is aggravated by the causes which i
■liege in its delence. We had our institutions
when you soujrht our alliance. We were con-
mt with them then, and we are content with them
ow. We have not sought to thrust them upon
ou, nor to interfere with-yours. If you believe
hat you say, that yours are so much the best to
romote the kappiRSRS and good government of sn-
hy do you fear our equal coinpeti
£i)t Jimbmllt (Tomtcntian.
NOMINATIONS FOR THE SIXTH DISTMCT:
Col. JOHN BILLUPS, of Clarke,
Hon. JUNIUS HILYER, of Walton.
tE ELECTION, h
i NEXT TUESDAY.
One of the proprietors ot this paper will attend
the ensuing Spring Term of the Superior Court in
the Counties of Clarke, Walton, Gwinnett, Jack-
son, Hall, Forsyth, Lnmpkin, Habersham and
Franklin, for tlie purpose of collecting all does,
....... either for subscription, advertising or job work,
ou m l ® territories. e on y a ® , l ,a ^ ?. ur and hope to find all indebted ready to discharge the
ommon Government shall protect us both equally, 3 *
dy to be admitted, same promptly.
mil be r
States, into the Union, then to leave their
ns free to adopt any domestic policy in reference
this subject, which, in their judgment, may
st promote their interest and their happiness.—
le demand is just. Grant it, and you place your
prosperity and ours upon a solid foundation ; you
perpetuate the Union, so necessary to your pros
perity; yon solve the true problem of Republican
'Jovernment; you vindicate the power of consti-
titutional guarantees to protect political .rights
igainst the will of majorities. I can see no rea
sonable prospect that you will grant it. The fact
:annot longer be concealed, the declaration of mem-
O’ AH accounts du<
1846, will be put in sui
this office since
immediately, it t
oppiuv Ncwspapei
daily demonstrating it, that we are i
a legislative revolution, the object n
trample under foot the constitution
and tlie la
law of the land. In this emergency our duty is
clear; it is to stand by the constitution and laws,
to observe in good faith ail of its requirements,
An exchange paper gives the following advice
on this subject—to which we would call the at-
“ We hope onr subscribers and post masters in
particular, will boar in mind that to discontinue a
paper without paying up all arrearages, is illegal,
midst of 1 A subscriber is responsible for a paper after re
ceiving one number, as long as a publisher is
pleased to send it, unless the cash in full accom
panies the order for discontinuance.
uts,! Qg. are indebted to the Hon. J. M. Berrien
and Hon. Wm. C. Dawson, of the Senate, and
; Messrs. Toombs and Cobb, of the House, for sun-
mly dry public documents.
ah Dally Mon
ng lfoi
u»r men luiuri' *ecuruy. will men uectmiu our mr. ivnapp, me agent, wn
right to prevent the application of (he resources of place, laid on our table a
the Republic to the maintenance of the wrongful act »» • m » ,, •
Tli. gentleman from Mno.aclia.e.w [Mrtlm] New,, «n,4lly prn
:alamity tha:
ciple.
greater i
appeal fro
that appeal in the patrio
guished Georgian, win
yet liv
Mr. Knapp, the agent, who was recently in this
copy of the “Daily
nted and ably conduct-
that neutral paper lately commenced at Savannah,
ck The News is published by Mr. John. M. Cooper
he and edited by Wm. T. Thompson, Esq., favorably
known -as author of u Major Jones’ Courtship,”
n0 “ I’itieville Sketches,” etc. The Daily paper is pub-
an fished at four dollars a year, and the Tri-weekly,
er ■ for the country, at the very low price of three dol-
| ( n ' ; lars per annunr. We roost cordially recommend
„ . ' the 41 News” to the attention of our friends.
Well, onr old friend, I)r. Andrews, has got np
steam again, nnd commenced his new paper at
Macon, 44 The Georgia Citizen.” His motto is 44 Ie-
d**pcnlent in all things—neutral In nothing,"fron*
which the reader can form a pretty good idea of the
character ol the paper. From a hasty perusal of
the first number, we are inclined to think well of
it. Terms §2 50 in advance ; otherwise, $3 00
which the whole North was not only represented,
but in which it had an overwhelming majority.—
If the act of 1846 is undermining northern in
dustry; it is no fault ot ours. I and every other
southern Whig, except my friend from Alabama,
[Mr. Hilliard,] voted against it. I have never
yet given a sectional v **■ u “ 11 " 1
What !Ur. Webster will do. j
Thf* Washington correspondent of the
New-York Sun. says:— 44 Finding that
more or less brethren of the press are
creating somewhat false inpressions re
lative to the position which Mr. Wehsier
occupies towards his colleagues. I have
to assure your readers that Messrs. Ash-
m’u n and Winthrop agree with him in
all the views expressed in his recent
speech. Some gentlemen from the
North in Congress are endeavoring to
make it appear that he stands alone from
Masssachusetts in favor of compromise
hich, I repeat, is not so; the two most
distinguished of his colleagues at least
till Union. He does not hesi
tate, by the by, to express bis determina
tion to take the stump against the Free
Soilers at home, as soon as the session ! ■ , • . "77" . ,
1 til .11- .1 . home unknown menu has sent us the annual
ends, and I have reason to believe that „ . , ... „ . ,. ..... , '
. r , jr . , , . , . , Catalogue of this nourishing institution for the year
Mr. Winthrop d?s,gos doing ihe same 18so , ^ h;d , it „
Whet
the s
the othe
just deni
? from supporting
e Repubtic, I wilt
Michi
it/ Where was New Hmnpsb
an,' Iudiuna, Illinois ! Yes, sir, v
Your journals will show they
, Ala,
ieken by
acquis it
In our columns to-day will be found the official
report of the proceedings of the above Convention,
from which it will be seen that the Hon. Junius
IIilver, on the part of the Democrat*, and Col.
John Billups, on the part of the Whig* of this
District, have been nominated as Delegates
to the Nashville Convention. We can safely
congratulate the people of this District upon
so excellent a selection as we conceive it to
gular trip from that place, and be—as both gentlemen, while they are known to
did not reach the lake end of the rail- have the interests of the South deeply at heart, are
road until after dark. Some fifty or too patriotic and loyalto the Union to sanction any
sixty passengers, who were going up mid schemes for its dissolution. It now remains
the Alabama river, on their travels, or for the people to confirm these nominations at the
_ _ _ _ b ... .w. - - on their return lo their respective homes, .ballot-box.
to Tbe>xpostrinn of ptiblic rftrnpnVts.—ij without a defender except mils putative | nance in actual operation; attd on the ; any primary constitutional power to ' u, » l *t the act waa consummuted by nil the Depart- having wailed all day for her, with a We are authorized, on tho part of Col. Billups,
itiSihe only mode of arriving at the { fit titer.- Congress alone has the right |7llt of August, 1789, it passed a law J prevent slaveholders from emigrating, ^on^of fernery.* view of proceeding to Mobile, returned t0 sa y that heaccepts the nomination.
‘ “ ** * .1 o=._. _.<• i « 40 _l ...m. .1.-.* .1 “ any portion : metMr« Stephens] and myfeif, standing upon j to the city soiely vexed and disappoint- ***
State of Virginia, the people of the ter- 1 United States extended the same 1
ritory, and the then government of the ! niliou and protection.
raw oi the Unit of 1842 has paral
northern labor the suicidal blow
1 irom inis digression . Our next
ion was Calitorniaand New Mexico.—
the fruits of a succesnlul war.
our full share of its burdens—w
n equal participation in its benefits. The
" ‘ consecrecrated by the blood
United States; and unalterable except I have thus briefly, reviewed the whole j of her children." 1
by the conseut of all the.parties. When j territorial legislation of Congress from the nation acquired
1 met for the first time under j the beginning of the Government until augge^rie; wise men wm ponder upou it;-on
. government, on thd -4th of] 1820, and h suwarns my proposition, j Jic^a’ngera of this question; I wa
and just'rule of c*rtn*truing. private con-1 of its purpose, -and.» nodr brought into I March. 1789, it found the government that within that 'period there was no • e j u,e country of these dangers. From’the d
tracts ; it is bqbaUy just when applied j general contempt." 1 believed to be j thus established-by virtue of thirordi- ; precedent where Congress had exercised ; that the first gun was fired upon the- Rio Giui
XT We have received
Southern Lady's Book, i
erature, Art and Scier.ct
and Proprietor, Mrs. Mnrgi
editor—published at Baltimi
annum. The Lady’s Book, we are informed by a
friend who has examined it, contains some very
good things—though we must say there is ample
room for an improvement in its typography.
the first number of “The
Monthly Journal of Lit-
II. M. Garland, editor
largaret Piggot, assistant
•lie]
thing. They will commence in Fan-
euil Hall, and peregrinate the State
before December next, speaking wher
ever people will attend to hear them.
They doubtless came to this conclusion
in the full belief that the Free Soilers
have determined to wage against them
a war of political extermination. If
they adopt the Southern and Western
custom of inviting debate;, dividing
time, Sec., they cannot fail to do far
better than upon any other system,
for they are antagonists aganst whom
in a rough and tumble : discussion,
there arc few even in Congress can
stand-”
of students now in attendance is 145—larger, we
believe, than at any former period. Lack of room
precludes us from giving a more extended notice of
this flourishing and very useful young institution,
which the reader is aware was founded under
the auspices of, and is now supported by, the Meth
odist Episcopal Church, South, and is located at
Oxford, Newton county, Georgia.
Providential.
One Jay last week, the Mobile
steamer, the -J. L. Day grounded i
j to legislate for ihe.territories until they j making the offices of governor and se-j with their slave property,
■ •ftwrvfcbin awf- meaning of rtie~p«irii__ ( _ „
^rri'lbc compact in* relhlipn to the test J shall be prepared lor admission into the] cretgry of the^ territory confc
applied. At flint day slavery wnslaw- \ Union.Attliat period they have the right
Win variety Wintry in the world where ; lo fornl suclt government! as they may
not prohibited by-law. - The die- j perfer, with tlie sole restriction that rt
Hwn of'Lbrir Rlansfieltl to-The Contrary j shall be republican. When they shall the ordinance- which inhibited slqv
iriSomerseu’s ease, iti 177JJ, wasoutside be admitted, and what shall be their
of tlie case before him, against the ex-j boundari«/», and who shall participate
p?£s« decision of Lord Har»!\Vickc and in the formation of their government,
difecemidem Eng|ish. jCriitsmh .rite pre- -are proper * subjects for legislative tlis-
. ^• ■•painL and 'var disavowed fifjy oetibu. Congress has no power over
afterward* in a judicial “decision the character of iheir domesticlnstitu-
lgpLonl,Srowell, one or the : most able’,'?tions, .Acting upon these principles,
feif tied, nntl accomplished nfJSngfan<l*A j at the* last- session of .Congress, I gave
judges ' That surfi was the - common j my support, to thebilLforHie admission
law of these colonies Lord Mansfield of California into lhc Unioo, introduced
himself, in the case referretl to, express-1 by a gentleman from Virginia, [Mr.
Iy affirmed ;-and that 'su«-Ii was tbfsth) Preston.'1 who now, with so 'moch honor
derstnmling of the 'law; by \hd States j to liimself and advantage to the country,
tylio formed. our'Gnhsrittfttntr it cotielu-! presnles over o-e of the great depurt-
|ivcly proved by rife -fact ihar'ematicf- j.ments of tbia Government. That-bill
nation, where it has isken. place, has 1 a»uh*»rizcd the people of California- to
been effected in every instance bill"one ] forth thetr own institutions according
bV .express proliibitloh ; and it is fur-‘ to.tlroir own wishes. Northern gentlc-
• shown by*'ihe uniform protection itnoti thrust in their a nthsla very proviso,
wliirb this Government from its found a- 1 and the bill was defeated.: Now I find
|Son has given - to * property in slaves, j the >same gemleroen-oV4»r zealoua-for
without inquiry into iWorigin; Th/sMhe admission Qf-Galiforrtia. It-is from
- government has no power todeclareno just regard to sooml pnociplesihai
trhul shall or what.shali. not be proper- tbqjr-bavo efranged their'action The
cia» Se
ty, or to- regulate the manner or places ' people of California have inserted' the principlerinr xBe policy upoo which tfe
of^njey'n^nb cxccpi.m.the cojtesol! pa-1 proviao for- ritmtK-diay - hare^h'uy se^ «« «»f August/J78S, was based^i* fur-
the of: the public lands; and that it had the ground taken by the Republican party in \ ed at their detention until th<
stiiution of the new government.—-; extended the protection of it's laws and i tre * r t ^’ V0 J^. a S a,nsl a i*F 0 l' r ‘* ing day. Yesterday, advices were re-' The latest foreign arrival is the Niagara, which
it did nothing more. It made no re- ■ its arm's over such persons, in all cases fu^^Hidafiro.^ ^We^LSi 1 no ^uMort ‘’trom^the ceived that the steam boat Orline St. 1 reached Halifax on tlie 21st instatnt.
fertnee to the sixth and last section oT.j except fntbe'Nqrill west Territory, where South, and but a halt a dozen votes irom the North. John, on which probably the whole of There has been another decline of §d. in Cotton.
tee-which inhibited -slavery, j it .was fettered and restrained by an I saw uo go«>d prospecCof adjusting tairly the them would have embarked to proceed The political intelligence possesses little interest.
The division Tjf that territory was pro-1 organic law established before the* for- question-winch the acquisition would,present. I U p the Alabama, had been burnt after The New York Cotton market, since the arrival
vided foriu the ordinance; itl each di-1 matioa of our present Conslitntioii. In ^^o^h^Somh or the* subversion o'/t^Govern- she left Mobile, and that thirty of her , of the Niagara, we learn by a despatch in the
vision, the whole of the ordinance xvfts j 1S20 ibis poNvcr of Congress over the ' ment. ' Aud to-tiay, men of the North, three are passengers, including all the females, Charleston Cot
assigned by Congress lo each of its ; subject of slavery jn the territories was,; the alternatives you preient us. We.demand ; _an perished.
parts. This rstfach whole 5am and suit-1 fori lie'first time, distinctly and broadly eT 11 * 1 participation >n the whole^country acquired, ^^,0 Orline St.John was thefa-
stance of tho ftee so'il claim to-legisla- J'asserted . It .-was sternly resisted hy ! ^ F^ very obvious'reaMjns, founded upon vori,e and crack passage boat on the
live precedents.-' Congress did riot a£-1 the "Sourii,;. the struggle convulsed the --oatural causes, we. are 'less solicitous 'about the Mobile river, and the above passenger^
sert-tbe right to alter a solemn compact.| Republic fH? resulted in what is cftHed ’* ’ ‘ * L " *
entered into with the former govern-; a-enropromtse,* by which Missouri was r - --
menu but gave.its <HHisgnt by ils legfs-, fiualty admitted into lire Union-without whole pditical systei
her gnishment is death. The Noi
latino to the governntpritS' established
and provided -for in-the * compeer. c¥
tho original compact was void for want
of power in the old government totnake
it* as Mr. Madison supposed, Congress
may not have -been bound to accept it
—terifeerfaiuly had no.powcr lo-alier-ti-.
From- these facts - and .principles - it js
clear that the? legislation-.for the Nortb^
west Territory docs riot conflict vi^w
principle which I assert, and doe?.not
afford precedents.for the hostile legisla
tion of Congress against slavery in the
territories.. Jfhat such was neither thfr
the vital spai
any restriction against slavery
cohSHtmiou-^-antl slavery was prohibit-
J ? all ihat part of the territory' ac-!
j from France, riot within-1 he f
of-Missouri,Jy ing alHive 36 deg; 30
north* latitude* ~*T-bfe South marie thif
siple
sed, and sales I.
Mobile river, and the above passengers! Mr. Calhoun has been again dangerously ill at
lhe missed her in consequence oft he unex- ! Washington, though at the latest dates he was get-
peeled detention of .the -Mobile mail - ting better. Ilia medical advisers have decided that
~ par boat, an event which had not previous
ly occurred for some months. Many <
he cannot be taken ho
t than
ufi'com promise line
l'uuder the Miss
r repodiati
s stand on original constitutional pi
But let the North remember, tli
them expressed tlieir regret, that, by
the detention- here, they should miss
the opportunity of*.reaching Mobile in
. iples.i time to embark on the Orline St. John
when she repu-, on j, er regular ( | ay .. H«»w little do vs9
frail mortals kno\v what is for our good,
rvatiou she" is 1 aud how frequently does.
:rj>eut.
With this . .
t precedent, as I "have alieady 1 gjder a misfortune, result for our ben-
Iroo. a»y tart «f tl.e j e r u .—.V. O. Bulletin, Stl, iml.
3 of the Union, but such :
, aqt 1
scarcely, remains' to- be seeft whether t
1 hi a shall be ka exceptnftr to the general! not only without
rale,that-concessions.-to unjust demands : 6ho ««. for < ? nr *
are frnitfal of hdihmg bat fulvnl aggres'- ' JSStSS* »H «dl dd|aed priocipl.
8100. We arc xlailv threatened wilhev- j the beginning of the Government to this day. , . W'-.-K
ery form of extermination, if-we <lo no! 1 .1 have presented you thecaseqjtl^ South as tjoroc bus'm^s even twelve hours adhy,
lumeljrxtcqutescein whatever legislation ! ‘’"riongl? as l am able ^“A 1 ? J triay take an hour andja hatfof what i»
.1., L. ! «•«!&• -III A* r ”“W U J i will—amotlnl
It turns out, after all, that the great Sea Ser
pent lias not condescended to visit the South yet,
and that the nio'pster of which we gave, some ac
count last week, upon a close examination is, in
stead of a serpent.four whales, two large and two
con- • small ones—that in quietly marching along, 44 Indi
file,” Capt. Blankenship aodiils crew and pas-
' ' 1 sengers very innocently supposed the whole mass
; was the body of «r immense monster.
Young mei^prBp are- confined to.Ia-| The sportsmetrabout Beaufort, S. C., had &>
. -JrSXHI » - • *■ ■■ die last accounts, some rare fun with these tnoo-
the togjorrty.trihy choose to. impose upon , priqcipfe, by authority, apA by the immuUhle pritf- p—• -—r'*', ' ^
11*.-infelaiwu to thissubject. Tbegeri- ciples of eternal justice. It’is not only supported 1 to two months in the course ot-ayesr; ^ paper u»t
l may taae. an nour anuja uauoi wimi IS 8tdrs.- Cannon, rifles and haqatona uflpso —
i left, for-'siudy, and which wilKanwunt j iBtoreqnisitioa.jiDd we see it suted m a Savannah
f*. - •:» * .1 . ' • _f* ' _ . Mum kw haul
1 st era hate been captured.