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Jbii mm i JOHN ■. CHRISTY,I EMTUU. ) ©swsra© f© mw§> ipsura^ M-fiSMiniim as® s&a&a&iL 1T.M.MJ1PKIS A II. J. ADAMS NEW SERIES—YOL. III., NO. 32. ATHENS, THURSDAY, APRIL 18, 1850. UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA LIBRARY VOLUME XVIIL NUMBER 2 STAGS LINE MOM ATHSMS TO SOCIAL CIRCLE. PT3HK subscriber haring become contractor on th« | I above route, in now running a comfortable hack, I with good stock and careful drivers between the •bore named places. „ ‘ « The Hack leave* Athena Tuesdays Tburrdav* . and Saturday*, and arrive* at tbc Circle in time for the | CLOTHING! CLOTHING !! I THAN BVEHli /''VWINfl ft the mildness (£0 1/been «1* to run my winter A . WMb; emweowoflj It m^riliii li«» il W wroold do well to give fte a call, a* they will find a large and well selected stock to cbouac from, and prices to suit . thcniaelrc*. K. L. BLOOMFIELD. I Jan. 31. 'hasting*- ! COMPOUND SYRUP OF NAPflTHA. N ot only a positive bi*t a warrant ED CURE for consumption and all d*»ea*o« of the lung*. Thu uiadicinc ha* dockled the dispute about the curability of consumption, aud*aiufie<l tlic medi cal faculty and all who have n»ed it, that constimp- tion and all affection* or tlic lung* can not on!y be cored, but tln-y are a* rarity and simply cured, a.* al most any of the <li«order* to w hich Uie human frame i* liable. Tl»« operation of a single bottle, which «**t* $1, i* sufficient V. aatidy any patient—if not alto gether b*otar gimo with the ili*ea*e—of thi* /act; and even a ainglv <h«e give* evidence of itsextraordiiinry influence in arresting and eradicating the malady by the immediate relief which it afford*. This has made component itarta the resixm.ibility of profit, a secret which wa* cah ulateu to uo sac.; ; universal gori. And such lia* been tlic wonderfnl . resalt of it* operation*, that the Loudoni LaweLMed ical Time*, and tlw most eminent physicians of l*»tu hemisphere*, an- anxiously calling upon sufferer* to have immediate recourse to it, and proclaiming that; nf all kuown medicine, it alone lias positively e*tat»-; United its efticacy bv undeniable proofs of curing con- j sumption and all other disease* of Uie lung*. j Drr Le Roy’s SARSAPARILLA AND WILD CIIKRRY Selected IJoetrg. ANGRY WORDS. Angry word* are lightly spoken. In a wb and thnughtleu hour; Brightest links of life are broken By their deep insidious power. Hearts inspired by warmest feeling, * Ne’er before by anger stirred, Oft are rent past human hraliug By a single angry word, l’oison-dmp* of rare and sorrow. Bitter po»*n»-«Jrop* are they, Weaving for the coming morrow Saddest memories of to-day. Anirrv word* ! oh, let them never From the tongue unbridled slip: May the !■>-•• t's best impulses ever Check them, efe they *oR thy lip f Love is much too pure and holy, Friendship is too sacred for. For a moment's reckless folly Thu* to dcsolata and mar. Angry w ord* nre ligldy spoken: Bitterest thoughts are raslilv stirred: Brightest links of life arc brokeu lain he will never be found in lhe ranks of lhe ruffian and infidel. Be kind to your associates. Culti- vaic benevolent feelings. It you see distress, or sorrow, do all that in you lies to alleviate them. When a friend companion is confined by sickness, Dratring a Wife by Lot ! The Moravians are accnsiomed to re- j sort to the lot for the settlement ofeer- w aun ,„ w „„„ „ atv; , ; lain tlifficnll questions which sometimes m a £eTpouTl "o'caii"^’ them.'and ! occur among them. It is always done, J be „ ow all lhe lj„Ie f av „ rs upon lhem ! I,0 ' vever - •» a . s, ' lcmn manner, and oc- ; can . Ifyou cu l,„ ale kiru l feelings, compared wtth prayer. The R«. ' ou wU l seldom quarrel with anolter. I Mr.—, who was for many years ibe|j talw belter lo suffer wrong , han , highly esteemed pastor of the Morav,an do „ W e should nev?r hear i Church m^w-tork city, when a young ofmo , or b|jo putbreaks jf raen WHO WOULD SIT I MEMORY'S CHAMBERS Who would si Mnutlrd fmi With the sc* of life before them, Broad, mid beautiful, and bright t Wherefore in the port of sorrow r moorings longer lie ? Min, ho! Scare up Hie itufl« .Should o my ">•* or secret remedy. Dr. Hastings iU discoverer, | of the mo*t eminent physician* of tlic age, and , ade a foil disclosure of Us history, anti all it* ; IdisTi 1 ^ the Vp, my rbamnis-footrd mfir J Let 1 lie canvass be Unfurled— Moth will fret away the garment Foster than the wearing work)! Though our bark is not too steady, Never let tie- sail In- *lacketted—- man, was stationed araon^ i tribes of Indians at the far West ' a missionary. After labtring there for i ! several years in a state of “ single bles sedness,” he, like other m:'ssiona-t • rics, desired a companion. But he was attached to no one. and could fix his | mind upon no one to be his *• belter • half.” Still some one he must have, | for he experienced a painful sense of ' j loneliness ; isolated as he was from all ivilized society, he therefore left for a few weeks, his rude untamed charge, and went bn a journey in search of a wife. He directed his course, as young ministers do at the present day when en gaged in the pursuit, to a female semi nary. He went to Bethlehem, in Penn sylvania, where there was a female academy, under the direction of his own denomination. It is frequently, though improperly, termed the Mora vian nunnery. He here made known his errand to those who had the oversight of the institution—to those who were proper ones to address upon the subject. They informed him that there were ii HON. T.B. KING’S REPORT OX CALIFORNIA. Washington, March 22d, 1S50. Sir:—In obedience to your instruc tions, dated the 3d of April last, I pro ceeded to California by way of the Isth mus of Panama, ami arrived at San Francisco on the 4th day of June. The steamer in which I took passage was the first conveyance that reached California with intelligence of the inau guration of Presiddot Tailor, and . the Vent- i wouU cul,1,ate lho Atoll-toolings of the j appointment ^ of.Ws Cabinet, and that Finally, make the Bible your study. Live by its precepts. In all your trials and disappointments, here you will find peace and consolation. You will be sustained in life and supported in death. —Olive Branch. Eruption of .llouut Ycknvim*. We find in the Courrier des Etals- Unis the following further particulars ol the late eruption, from which paper we translate: Eruption of Vesuvius.—The officer of the American navy who lost his life in the late out-burst of Vesuvius was Charles Carroll Bayard, whose grade was that of a passed midshipman. He was the son of the Hon. IL H. Bayard, ex-‘Senalor in Congress, ot the Slate of Delaware. This young man belonged to the Mediterranean squadron; and the ship to which he was attached hav ing arrived at Naples, he obtained per mission to go and visit Vesuvius. He the edge of the crater when the seminary several young ladies of | l, e was struck in the right arm with _ suitable ages, character, literary and i st one thrown out by the volcano. His I * 'wound being very serious, he was at iveyed to Naples; but, notwitb- Sccne iu a District School. The only Medicine at once Strengthening, i “ First clas in philosophy—step out Purifying and Purgaricc, | —close y tn existence. i manv kin^ T HESE mu nro lhe very perfection of ine.lk-inc, «* | “ £' ,0r '’. they thoroughly mnl/*«ri>y, without wrww-1 “ Name them. **•8 rtsUau, wlMch i* thcgreist end lh»t luw luog; “JCngland, Ireland, /Scotland Ugh! fur.tmt iwrer t»M« j Wntoa. j “ Pass to next— Smith.” j “Four—the animal, vegetable, »*!—TxmVwj- cral and kingdom come.” i «* Good—go up to head.” j “ Htibhs, what is meant by the c harden the n»tt*cles-Utren*tliea the 1 mnl kingdom ?” blood--fortify the digestive fonc- j . .» Lions, tigers, rhinoceroses, hippo been sought tor, but never lielure Ui*cnverca. We satd -withoit weukenin» the system f fact Dr. LtJloy't J'ilU ttmifthrH while they p*n They ak>n« remove ll»e ntn'»in»; mid not on _ tain, lint bnice up, Mid consolidate every dung eL*e.- Thev produce no Owning!—no relaxation !--»>(> debi ity. * On the contrary, uniter their influence, inriffort * Vfon »nd pmrijieeiion go hand in hand l By the *nm action—or rather by a confederatin' - ' * religious attainments, to he the compan ion o! a missionary. But be knew them not. He was attached to none of them, and had no particular choice. What was to be done ? It was certainly a very peculiar case. It was proposed, therefore, that the interesting though difficult question be settled according to their custom, in ** like cases made and provided,” by lot. Accordingly the names of the fair candidates for the con templated honor ami happiness were placed in some appropriate vessel, and then, wi|!i great gravity one was drawn out. The name written upon the suc- jcessful ticket was Bethia L The 1 young missionary was satisfied. But l * j will the young lady consent ? Ay; hii . that’s the question.” When Bethia j VVe' find Vhe follu and what steps duty to themselves * threatened, and doubtless would have j people in forming a constitution have the followed, in other sections ot the ter- unconditional, right to form ami adopt ritory, had they not been arrested by ; the Government which they may think the formation of a Slate government, best calculated to secure their liberty,. While the people of California were j prosperity and happiness? and in con- l(Hiking to Congress for a Territorial, fonniiy thereto, no other condition is Government, it was quite evident that imposed by the Federal Constitution on such an organization was becoming ; a State, in order to be.admitted into this daily less suited to their, condition, j Union, except that its constitution shall which was entirely different' from that | be, “ republican,” and that the impo- ofany of the territories out of which'sition of any other by Congress would the new Stales of the Union had been 1 not only be in violation of the Constitu- formed. Don but in direct conflict with the Those Territories had been at first ] principleou which our politicalsystem slowly and sparsely peopled by a-few ■ rests. hunters and farmers, Who penetrated | President Polk, in his annual mes- | the wilderness, or traversed the prairies j sage, dated 5th of December, 1S4S, uses i in search of game or a new home; and j the following language. hen thus gradually their population' The question is believed to bo rathv i pro-! er abstract than practical, whether y had j slavery ever can or would exist in Congress had failed to aid lhe Execu tive in providing a government for the people of that territory. The greatest anxiety was naturally fell and mani fested to ascertain the cause of this ne-i warranted it, a government was gleet on the part of the United Stales, [ vided for them. They, however, had | slavery ? foreign commerce, nything be- quired them lo take, in the painful j yor.d the ordinary pursuits of agricul and embarrassing position iu which ! ture and the various branches of busi- which usually accompany it, to in duce immigration within their borders. Several years were required to give them sufficient population and wealth to place them in a condition to require or enable them to support a State Govern ment. Not so with California. The dis- ivery of the vast metallic and mineral wealth in her mountains had already attracted to her, in the space of twelve months, more than one hundred thou lyrvc*—purity the Uood r fortify u*;digestive nine-1 , “ Lions, tigers, rhinoseroses, hippo-' WM informed*of the liberlv which had » freely ,BscKc«5 Cwc'l j polo muses, elephants, alligators, monk- been taken with her name, and of the j ^ jSonlcs'^Februnru 9—11 v m —Vesu- nIu.i» ” 6iCS ’ V ' rS “ S S re3U ",', “P her j n SU< J S - ; vios is ail on fire. Whal an illuminn- „ . ... .... a|ick a preuy plight for a young lady lo be j li(ln , What lrighlf.il detonations, sod, beliere Uut they »m nwfer the op<>rat»>n i>f nvuKcmu, very wen—nut v on ii UKC a new m to receive a malrimomal offer! How- „ i. . minstrad of Uis usual ^UliiauU efo-ct* of i„gTor that last remark.” ! ever, she eol thronoh with her washins * m, f hl ba r VP T , P rotPe<l t d V°® U c can ! tives, tbcT fuel mglow of I.chUIi aim comfort nulistiug. 1 * t |j:i M ,1... mineral kine-i .• i I .u • m no, » a ‘ 1,n g Eylau ! And lhe sky and .l oln V-‘ ° lhe 'l”«'>.'>”>.S 1 ‘ v ®»»»*«"-‘the sea ippearidtn roll in flame. The ! The hull of Culiforney.” i STSuTlSto b“ Sta «« 1 ” f fr ^ i *“ ,f Walk straight up to the head.” I T,Z!‘Za f rTfw* k . n °"? >*>'? >"" e b J. ™»n,,n g s.- IMPORTANT REMEOY. DR. MITCHELL’S EYE SALVE. ii vantage* pos«es.«c»l by this xrtielc" or . ... (’«,.,rfy_ SiMt, Cim**" 1 "** 1 -• fllHE gren; * every other, mn»Certu... v . Economy. All physician* mimic dial _ lo bo *jti>rcboml<-(l from tlru^iiu' the «y infliimrtl and unhealth’ Salve this ubje od, a ibly result from its use; it being in all j “Johnson, what is the j kingdom?” i “ Garden sarse, potatoes | ingyons, nud all kinds of greens that 1 1 fit f» ‘' *■ A brief sketch of their position will explain the cause of this anxiety. The discovery of the gold mines had attracted a very large number of citi zens of the United States to that terri tory, who had never before been ac- custotned lo any other than American law, administered by American courts. There they found their rights of pro perty and person subject to ihe uncer tain, and frequently most oppressive, operations oi laws, written in a lan guage they did not understand, and founded on principles, in many respects, new to them. They complained that the nlcades, or judges, most of whom had been appointed or elected before the immigration commenced, lawyers by education or profession-; and, being Americans, they were, of course, unacquainted with the laws of Mexico, or the principles of the civil law on which they are founded. As our own laws, except forthe collec tion of revenue, the transmission of the mails, and establishment of post offices, had not been extended over that Terri- I lory, the laws ot Mexico, as they exist ed at the conclusion of the treaty of Gaudnlupe Hidalgo, regulating the rc lations ot the inhabitants of California ; with each other, necessarily remained in force ;* yet there was not a single vol ume containing these laws, as fur as I know or believe, in the whole Territory, except, perhaps, in the Governor’s of fice, at Monterey. The magistrates, therefore, could not procure them, and the administration of justice, was necessarily, as unequal and fluctuating as the opinions of the judges were conflicting and variable. There were no fee-bills to regulate costs, and, consequently, the most cruel exactions, in many instances, were practised. The greatest confusion prevailed re- Mcli meandered down lhe sides of ilie ! spooling lilies to property, anti the standing the care bestowed on him, was impossible to stop the hemorrha; which took place. Chloroform was a ministered lo him, in order that his ar might be amputated. The operation appeared to have succeeded, and there was some hope that he might be saved ; but, on the.next day, lock-jaw manifest ed itself, and the young man died < the morning of. the 10th of February. Two or three other persons have been also the victims of their curiosity. There was an extreme anxiety at Na ples, moreover, to go and see close at hand the magnificent spectacle which the mountain of Vesuvius presented.— a private cor- any portion, of the acquired territory even if it were left to the option of the slaveholding States themselves.— From the nature of the climate and pro ductions, in much the larger portion of it, it is certain it could never exist; and in the remainder, the probabilities are that it would not. “ But however this may be, the ques tion, involving, as it does, a principle of equality of rights or the separate and several States, as equal copartners in the Confederacy, should not be dis regarded. organizing governments sand people ; an extensive commerce j these Territories, no dui3' imposed It belched forth incessantly from i had sprung up with Chinn, the ports of Mexico on the Pacific, Chili, and Australia. Hundreds of vessels from the Atlantic ports of the Union, freighted with our manufactures and agricultural products, and filled with our fellow-citizens, had arrived or were on their passage round Cape Horn ; so that in the month of June lust there were more than three hundred sca-going vessels in the port ol San Francisco. California has a border on the Pa cific of 10 degrees of latitude,, arid sev eral important harbors which have nev er been surveyed; nor is there a buoy, a beacon, a light-house, or a fortification on the whole coast. There arc no docks (or the repair of national or mercantile vessels nearer than New-York, a distance of some twenty thousand miles round Cap< Horn. All these things together with the proper regulations of the gold region, the quicksilver mines, the survey and disposition of the public lands, the ad justment of the land titles, the estab lishment of a mint and marine hospitals, required the immediate formation of a more perfect civil government than Cal- »pp$c*Tto tlw external portion* of the eje, the..-, avoiding all the inconvenience, pnin and danger, which necessarily attend the introduction of any pungent ar ticle into die eyo. It* activity in subduing inflamma tion is so great that l»it tow rn*c* require the use of more than on* bottle to effect a perfect enre. Onn phy sician remarked to u*. after liaving witnessed its ef fect* in sciTctal instance*, that it wa* a “ perfect fire kiUer." AH we ask is that it* virtue* 1* tlmroughly tested, and that the direction* be strictly followed. Prico 40 cent* per box. Dr. Gordon's VEGETABLE AST1B1LUOU8 FAMILY PILLS. F IR the cure of Headache, Giddine**, Salt Rheum, Rheoroati*fn, Files, Heartburn, Worms, Dyspep sia, Cholera Morbus, Paris in the Back, limb* and Joiata, General Weakness, Fit*, Con-mmntinn, Palpita tion of the Heart, liver Complaint, Rising in the Throat, Erysipelas, Dentness, Dropsy, Asthma. Itching of the Skin, Fever* of all kinds, Colds, Gout, Gravel. Female Complaint*. Nervous Complaint.*, and all other Disease* arum* from impurities of the blond, and inor- Md accretions of lhe liver and stomach. , , v „ buck, but he nin 1 , green uobow.” of the digestive organs. -* . • • | Dr. GcM, FaMy Mis, ' Being compounded exclusively of such mgredi. .-Go.1, Almiiy! I .lido-1 buy urn nigger, ] raised um on shares.” “And what are pines,and hemlocks, and elins—aim they vegetables!** ‘‘•No, sir-ec—you can’t cook ’em— ihctn’s saw logs and framing limber.” Boys, give me a piece of apple, and O ctoble Tbe match proved erom enily boppj. j ugly ja , vs „ sbower of granU ' e 8nd fi re , carrot, i ‘ "T o’" • l wT'’"' • " , W ”u " i Aid. meander*! down the rides of tbe , , lhmS! y ' *' When jcsnog w.lb her burniog wave , 1 deeisu; lbu..d be hml frequently soul; in tho direction of'Oh.juuo. Wo to all that she would never marry a man vvbo , wbitb f uul , a , ln il3 J ,|,. AI , or ncar . was not as tall as herself. After her : , v a „ lhe rorei J who were at Na- engagement the girls were sol,Cons to - |e> $jx „4, ck a spec ; n | lrain know whether she was about to adhere to her resolution. They were both Congress by the Constitution requires (hat they should legislate on the subject of slavery, while their power do so is not only seriously questioned, but de nied by many of the soundest expound ers of (hat instrument. “ Whether Congress shall legislate or not, the people of the acquired terri tories, when assembled in convention to form State constitutions, will possess the sole and exclusive power to deter mine for themselves whether slavery shall or shall not exist within their lim its.” The people of California, therefore, acting in conformity with the views thus expressed, and what seemed to bb the generally admitted opinion In the States, had every reason to suppose, and did suppose, that by forming a con stitution for themselves and deciding this question in accordance with their own views and interests, they would be received with open arms by all parties. In taking this step, they proceeded with all the regularity that has ever characterized the American people in discharging the great and important du ties of self-government. As already stated, I arrived at San Francisco on the morning of the 4tb of ifornia then had, and the fostering cure! June. of Congress and the Executive. ! The steamer in which I. was a pas- California had. as it were by magic, j «*ngerdid not stop at Monterey ; Itl,?rc- become a Stale of great wealth and 1 *° rc no1 scc Gcucnil ltiley, nor bad power. One short year had given her I"”-*; cominun.cat.on With him un commercial importance but little in- i ll l. a, ! ,ul l ,e ,n,t ^ t l? e °L 1,0 . you can have an hour’s intermission— except Hobbs.” Said a gentleman the other day to a servant at the hotel where he was stopping: “ Bless my soul, Sambo, how black .you arc; how in the name of wooder did you get so black?” “ Why, look’c here, massa, de reason am dis: dedav dis child was born dere was an eclipse.” Ebony received a quarter for bis sat isfactory explanation, and after grin ning thanks, continued : ‘ I tell you what it is, dis nigger may Where you cordingly measured, and he was found lo be a few inches tbe tallest. In the course of a few years an interesting young family was seen in that rustic home, than whom very few have risen higher on the earth.. Apprentices. Be faithful, boys. In a few years you will be of oge, and it will give you unspeakable satisfaction to hear a good word spoken by your employers in your iavor. If you are negligent now, if you are eye servants and rejoice to be away from the presence of your employers, that you may give vent to your propen sities—what encouragement have you to hope that you will become any thin; but idle t and vagabonds? A good, ling tbc pore* 11 fireign ami oh- o that ihf blood, of buy dat watermelon. Pomp?” asked j faithful apprentice will always make Pete. i worthy and industrious man. We have watched the progress of many apnr ;ood l j» System, strike ■wring all impurities fr» externally ana IntcmalW, noxiou* particles from tl> , irtudi U a* tbe origin, most be’ tborovgbljr'para, sRrily securing a free and rigorous action to tho Heart, Lungs, Liver and Stomach, thereby restoring health, by opening tbe pores, cleansing the’ -rows and arteries, unimpeding all the natural veins and notifying the blood, they render tho system not only thoroughly sound but also impervious to disease, even rrhen ail other means hare foiled. - Within the last twelve month.*, room .than one bundled eases of. tbe most ag gravated turns of Dyspepsia hare been cured bv the medicine, where rigbfdieting, tfic blue pill, and-aftwrit every other means had been resorted to without any faeoeflt, and. when death etared lie miserable victim Tolly hi the foce. If Dr. GonWs Pills were not adapt- • of anyb*thisforeidm.Wv.thc*uni- ! ^3,, what bad a bill agin a ghost? nigger, “ How lx? dat ?”• “ Dai’s true, • true as parchment, for jailer Sam steal two, and gib me dis not to tell.—Yaw, yaw, yaw 1’’ One op the Bovs.—“ I wish I was a ghost, blamed il l don’t,” saida poor covey the other night, as.he sat solilo quizing in the .cold. “ They goes wherever they pleases, toll free: they don’t owe nobody nothing, and tbat!s >t adapt- j a. comfort. Who ever hearn teli ofa r25aaSJ55£22S5i£52SSa&22a£iTO vvhal lmd a bm a g' n a ghost? - waft m to tame” thTnam^heir fovrmor, «s « ^olxxiy. They never has to bay hats benc&garaf his species. j anrf^’ yittals*an«l liquor, norbas. to saw i?ii Tgr ^** OCtoC >>>C *° nt ,-wood and run arrants. as.l do. Tbeir Fiwub^dsouSn^serijRkmaf Umlfodkincitlmi shirts never gel dirty, nor their trows- MwrWits operatkm, thn compfomfob « «d«P^. ers out ul the knees, as I ever heard *£3gS&33iZiS5£&5r \ 'f on - “ 1,10 *-itr All orders must bo ailro^vi to o'_ Y«‘ BURR, dent people l know on.. J really wish I * BROTHER, 154 Greenwich rrr, New Vwk, ' ' wh. have tbe Sole Agrocy rf tbe Soutb aud We*l . I liri v \ r { **Come out here, and*IHl fids *tlie LiWiiA tURDlAL>< •. whole^o» ye,” aS‘ lhe boy said to the ELIXIR _ molasses candy in the shop window.: Burmfer jRAfcpt - . ’■ - j . . u• A lady in Chester was asked- to. jom S’.; the Daughters pf Temperance. Shere- J |-plied, f‘It is unnecessary, as il ia my > I mtemion to join one of-tbe Sons soon.” good boy which the railraod manager put at their disposition. A great many ladies were of the number who went. HaJf-past eleven.—The sharpness of the reports has doubled; an immense column of flame rises lo the sky ; Ve suvius Iia3 just formed a new crater for itself, a new issue; . it presents at this time the most magnificent and most imposing phenomenon which could be offered to the admiration of man. Midnight.—One of my friends, a Swiss officer in the service of the king of Naples, has just sought me in hi carriage to’conduct me 10 the theatre of this sublime spectacle. I depart with a view of giving you more ampli details on my return. February 10—10 a. m.—I abandon the idea of depicting to you the terrible yet magnificent spectacle of the night. It would rcqqire the golden pen of the Arabian Nights, and even that would break in impotence in my hands. The justly be regarded as folly emiilccTm j Cnnsiiiuiiou, i«uithe tkuriyggfu,. wit take”her place as an equal among her rc ^? vci * , - • " • Tho people acted in accordance with HIIU HI'- | <1 (JlUIllllCH.l'il Win niiiv ill- | ~ . of suits, involving the most | fe rior to t hr. t of the most powerful of j ^* ,e ” ” c c j > m,e 10 San ^L'rancisco. A portant rights, and very large sums ' the old States. She had passed her J . vv days aftcr my arrival, uu proclatna- of money depended upon the dictum of minority at a single bound, and might I jj, on C ^‘^S a convenlion.iti fiirm a Sraje The sale of the territory by Mexico the United States had necessarily cut f or dissolved the, laws regulating the granting or procuring titles to land ; and, as our own land laws had not been extended over it, the people were compelled to receive such titles as were offered to them, without the means of ascertaining whether they were valid or not. slers of the Union. When, therefore, the reality became known to the people of that Territory that the Government had done nothing to relieve them from the evils and em- barrasrnents under which they were suffering, and seeing no probability of any change on the subject, which dividr, cd Congress, they adopted, with most .<•• - : :r. Litigation was so expensive and pre- j unexampled unanimity and prnmpti-l approved, to be presented to Congress, rious that injustice and oppression j tude, the only course which lay open to| wj*h a prayer tor the admission of were frequently endured, rniber iban them—tbe imtnetlaie formation of a ; liforma, as a State, into the Lmoo. what they believed to be the view^ of Congress, and conformably to the re commendations of the proclamation; anil proceeded, on tbe day appointed, to elect members ton convention, for, the purpose of forming aomstinition;to bo regularly submitted to the people, for their ratification or rejection, and, if resort to so uncertain a remedy- Towns and ciues were springing in to existence—many., of them without charters or any legal right to organize municipal authorities, or to tax proper- lhe citizens,.for lhe establishment Slate government. | 1 de They were induced to lake this stepj pbaiic rentices ' splendors of this Vesuvian eruption ex* lices anil we never knew s turn out a bad man. If t are really honest and fait ( can be no doubt but they will become , could conceive of the fantastical. Un good, wise and respected citizens. j happily tbc lava has made great rnvag- Associate with no youths who are'es; it spreads over a large surface of addicted to bad practices. One bad ground, two leagues long and half a boy may ruin a score. As soon as you j league broad, at an elevation of four discover in a-companion, a disposition ' metres.* It has destroyed the magnifi- 10 be dishonest, profane or even vulgar cent villa of the .Prince of Oltajano, a in his language, we would beg of you lo convent, a church, some cottages, and attempt his reform, and if you cannot. a number of vines, succeed,' to quit bis company at once.! The folllowing circulation exhibits ■ ■ . : • : .1 e here to make, a brief and .em pty to the various’ unjust VqcI not only for the reason that it promised j most extraordinary accusations and in- j he most speedy remedy for present J sin nations which have been made re- difficulties, but because the great and i specting the movements, of tbft’ people t rapitlly growing interests of the Ter-1 of California in forming their Slate go of police, the erection of prisons, or pro- i r iw>ry demanded it; and all reflecting vernmetit. viding any of those means for lbe.pro-j.men. saw at a glance, that it ought not; Iliad no secret instruct ions, verbal lection! oflife and property, which are to be any longer, and could not under-or written, from the President, or any so necessary in pH civil communities, j art y circumstances, be much longer, j one else, what lo sh^ to tbe people of and especially among a people mostly!postponed. [California on the subject of slavery;— strangers lo each other. j They not onI3' considered themselves nor was it ever hinted or intimated to Nearly one million and a half of dol-j best qualified, but that they had the , me that I was expected to attempt p? lars had been paid into the custom- f right to decide, as far as they were j influence iheiipciion in the slightest de houses, as duties on imported goods, concerned, the embarrassing question gree on that subject. That I never did, before our revenoe laws had been ex- J which was shaking the Union to ns cen- i the people of California will bear me tended over tbe country ; and the peo- ire, and had thus far deprived Thera ot'witness. In that Territory there was pie complained bitterly that they were j a regularly organized civil government, none of the machinery of party or of thus heavily taxed without being pro- They believed that, in forming a con- ( the press; and it is even more absurd vided with a government for their pno-.| slitulion, they had a right to establish to suppose that any secret influences, for lection, or laws which they could un- or prohibit slavery, and that in their or against slavery, could have been derstand, or allowed the right to be j action as a State,’ they would bb sus>| used there, than it would be to believe represented in the couneilsoftbe nation, j mined by the North and the South. that they could be successfully emptoy- White anxiously wailing the action They " ere not unmindful of lhe facl, e.l in Maryland or Georgia. ' of Congress, oppressed and embaraased 1 u .j,j| e Northern, statesmen had cim- ; 1 therefore declare nil assertions and Spend your leisure hours in-sorac pro 5 - j the increasing progression ol the Vesu- j by this state of affairs, and feeling the. leaded’that Qonsress has power lo pro-' insinuations, that l was secretly. ..iti- fitable pursuit. Do not go to nny place vian cruptioni. From the year 79-to J pressing necessity 61 applying such ; hibit’ slavery^^ in the Territories, they stnicted to, or that I did in anyway, of amusement where tbe mind is not ! thb ><?ar 1036 of the Chrisuatrera, five j remedies as were m their power and j )a( | always admitted that the Stales bi .aUcmpt lo influence the people orCaR- really benefited.. Don’t stand at ibe are reckoned; from 1036 to!631, there j Circumstances seemed to justify, they ' lhc Union b ai i right to abolish or es-j f °nna to exclude* slavery from their^er- corners of the strebls, or lounge in shops were seven; from 1631 to 1794,seven- • resolved to substitute laws of their own ; , a hlish it at pleasure. ! ntory, to be without fouudalion, ^ of Lad repute. Always have a useful teen; from 1794 to, 1850, eight; of which j for the existing system, and to establish j Qn the other hand, Southern states- { The election of delegates \o ths con.- book to take up^—a good newspaper, or three have threatened the safely of the tribunals for their proper and faihfut ad- . lJiea |j at | almost unanimously contend- vention proceeded regularly in punti* sheet ol paper on which to pen your; cities situated-at the foot of 4he-rolci- j ministration.- . . fed tliat Congress has' not ihe const!tu- ancq of the proposed mode of, briltfing thoughts. Read the livffS of such men hie mountain. ‘ r In^^obedience,^therefore, to tbe extra- , ,; om i] power lo prohibit slavery in 'tl»e it, and as far as I am informed, no ques- as Franklin, Hale, DoJridge, Locke, t—TT” . . ordinary exigencies of I heir condition, Tertitorie’s^licrausp they have not l lie. lions were asked whether a candidate NeWion, Johnson, Adams, Washington/ A^netre * a amaii rractioaover a vara. ; fee people of the city of San Francisco 1 pow^ IO it ; but that the peo- was a Whig or a Deroocrai. or wlfetlfer - ,00<>‘otabjUin|yi).<h«o cqopmj ihbusarol LondlordsowoEog- : - iOOOown ScolIanJ. 6.000 owji j-leryoof seal by v.Tcaor