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•fun-#***-*, H. CHRISTY, UD1T0K. • 0iw®^si) ‘ff®) ssw4 s>©iLu#s§» MjiM&tf mis ©issgsjsM, 'j^uyMii i T. ffl. LUfPKIH & II. J. ADAMS 1 PROPRIETORS AND PfRj.IsiIEJiS .ATHENS, THURSDAY, JUNE 27, 1850. \ t VOLUME XVIII. NUMBER 12 JUST HQpL&BEET! , RING AND bUMMER GOODS!! j- PON, MOORE k CARLTON, respuctfulljr inform their friend 1 end Selected ^Joctrg. s' Orest Goods s d And embroidered Swiss muslin; , beautiful white, pink, bine and u> muslin*, printed and plain coTd jwarii, printed lawn*, and organdie martin*, plain and an tin checked btregea, barege juspree. brocade barege, printed alborioe*, crape de Paris, printed Flo- —— ’ * Me and-Swiaa rou*ltn«, Victoria ■aa dm, neat aaaall §g'A print*, t of eol’d and mourning giag- r Wk alpaccaa, Mlk-warpedda, every in, striped and eol’d do. Mir bomba- common. Turkey red. calico, plain and 1 bordering, tine and beautiful fumi- l, large and handsome flowers in the I and eol’d ground*. Silk goods. , figured, atriped brocade cJuune- r and hanilwmta style*; eol’d and J foulard silks, French satins. Mack flnmdri&a, plain black groa d« Rhine ailka; wide and narrow; blaelnod white fif’d rtik veils, 4 Jenny Liud veils curiously worked with etraw; hl*k and eol’d ailk ties, gfqPa silk tiaa and pocket-hazulkwchirf*. LACE AND FANC Y TRIMMINGS. A large aaanrtment of cotton and thread edging** japan at and Swiss insert***, trimming*, ribbons, silk braid, draw buttons, and Ruwia cordlinen, silk and cotton braid*; black and white lace c ipos, collar* and catfr; Victoria vi*ettes, linen and cambric handker chief*. needle-worked do^from t2 60 to $8 60. MILLINERY ARTICLES. Taney whit* chip bonnets, fluted pedals French lace.white cudinette lace, Milan chip, and black Albino laf Coburg, Oipscy, Jenny Lind, and pearl and ganaa, «p and neck rihboaa ; wijT «.d aaah and belt ribbons handsome sprigs and silvered S ailk finings Indiea’ and gent*’ kid gloves assortment cotton, linen and silk mite and i aplcndid lot of umbrella* and parasol*. ROBINSON'S SHOES. Ladies’ kid ties, tomes, kid slippers and buskins, White kid and satin slippers white lid and satin guit ars linen do. Jenny Lind tie*, children and and misses’ shoes aad gaiter*, geat» calf shoes and boot*. GENTLEMEN'S. DRESS-GOODS. French, English, and German Mack and colored drap da te, Wellington cord. Canton cloth, Italian cloths black and fancy casslmers white and fancy lin en drill linen coating, linen and Marseilles vesting*, saper black satin vestings fancy silk do. gingham* and linen cravats j silk, lioon and cotton shirt*. - Tatum's Tauwmos.—A good assortment. f v ■ f STAPLE GOODS. r. Brown and Maaebed skirtings water-»ww| and Tfew York mills Maaebed and brown she*ting; linen sheeting; pillow-case cotton and linen; oottoci diaper, crash fix- towels huckaback and Russia diapers brown and bleached table cloths ten and fruit napkius.tla- ma>k and worsted table covers brawtraod btasna# Hollands a large lot of Irish linen Columbian stripes Scotch plaids cotton and Qncn oanaborgs ; a gopd js , aertnmmt.of straw, Leghorn, Fsnama, moleskin and fur ’ STATIONERY. ' Letter ana fbojs-cap paper, rteel pens and quills, . note'paper, envelops Wafers and scaling wax.., HARDWARE 'AND CUTLERY, C I Hollow wars crockery sadlery.bnxmi* and brushes. l GROCERIES; $c., %c. All of which will ho’sold -low for ca«b or approved credit, at No. 3, Granite Row, Athens, Georgia, i, April S&, 1850. ■ v , NEW SPRING. AND SUMMER; NEWTON* LUCAS, „, , ,L SE now teeming a largo assortment of LA- A DIES’ FANCY DRESS STUFFS; Alborines. *’ Silk Berrige. assorted, plain''and figured,Tissuod Silks, do. 6a. do. Grenadines French Muslins, Ginghams, Uftm Lustre, • ^ .I/OURA'Io'VG GOODS, ■> in great variety; Ribbon*,- Laces, Shawls, Handker chid*,'Ac, Superior Brussels Loco Capes, AS to $10 - Embroidered Muslin Cape* and Collar*; Silk, •_ . Linen and Cotton Hose and Glove*; Kid . Glove* aad Fancy BVJC9*TOOJIK*T. Once in the flight of age* part There lived a man—ana who was be? Mortal! bow’er thy lot be cart. That man resembled thce- Unknown the region of bis birth. The land in which be died unknown, Hi* name bath perished from the earth, This truth survives alone: That joy, and grief, and hope, and fear, Alternate triumph’d in his breast; His bliss and woe, a smile, a tear! Oblivion bides the rest. * - Tbe bounding pulse, the langus/Umb, The changing spirit's rise and fall, We know ibat these were felt by him, For taut are felt by all. He suffered—but his pangs are o’er. Enjoyed—but his delights are fled, Had iricuds—hi* friends are now no more, And Iocs-—bit foes are dead. He loved—but whom he loved, the grave Hath lost in it* unconscious womb; O, she wtu fair! but nought could save Her beauty from the tomb. Tbe Tolling seasons, day and night, « Sun, moon and stars, tbe earth and mafn.fl Erewbile bis portion, life and light. To him exist—in vaiu. He saw whatever thou hast seen. Encountered all that troubles thee, He gas—twlliit evcr thou hast been, j^fvh^rwhat thou shah be! The cloud* and sunbeams o’er his eye • That once their shade and glory threw. Have left in yonder silent sky No vestige where they flew. The annsls of the human race, Their rain siucetbe world began, . Of Him afford no other trace ittiscellang. « Pity bis Family.” A man falls into embarrassmer.ts, which ultimately overwhelm him in bankruptcy or drive him into roguery anti crime. He was yesterday respect ed, influential, and supposed to he afflu ent, and his family were treated, and they treated themselves accordingly;— but ttfjjay he is disgraced and steered clear of—without. resources -oe pros pects—very likely in prison, and ex posed to ignominious punishment.— “Vile wretch!*’ says the million ;"** it is good enough for him, but we must pity his family.” Certainly we must pity them ; pity ali who suffer—si ill more all who sin and suffer. They need pity, and there is noduuger that we shall pity them too much* But the impression conveyed of the innocence of the fallen man’s fami- J^y, and of their unmerited exposure to 'want and ignominy, is often very far from the truih. In fact, half the men who are loathed as dragging down their families to shame amt'desliluiinn, are reallv them- There’s »ot a heath, however rude. But hath some little flower To brighten its solitude. And scent the evening hour. But hath some memory of the part. To love and call its own. €l)c (9>att)ertr. Let a man have all the world give him/he is still miserable, if he has a grovelling, lettered, undevout mind. Let him have his gardens, his fields, his woods, Ms lawns, for grandeur, plenty, oroaj»?ui, and gratification, while pi the same time God is not in all his thoughts; nd let another have neither .field i jnrden,; lei him look at nature with enlightened mind—a mind which <_ see and adore the Creatorand his works, ca.n consider them ns. demonstrations of His power, his wisdom, his. goodness ; nml in nil ins poverty, he is far happf the other in his riches; * The were*at once-silent. They were without thoughts. Their mental faculties were lying waste. They never read a book. On the contrary, let a man who i3 ac customed to read good books be placed in the most unfavorable circumstances, and he will at once show the kind oi company he has been accustomed to keep. Conversant with the best thoughts* of other mem His own faculties are aroused, and the whole tenor of his con versation at once proves his superiority to those around him. -We have listened with interest and instruction to the read ing farmer, as with marked intelligence he dwelt upon the operations in which he was engaged; and we have been truly edified in conversing wiih\he pious reading labourer, whose thoughts and leelings sdmwed^hat he was more than a mere man—a man renewed, and a citizen of heaven, in anticipation. Read, read.—If you wish to be elevated above the light of the moon, the greater part of the night.-—LnyariTs Nineveh and its Remains. ' True 'Education. We have seldom seen the difference between learning—book-learning—and true education, more clearly pointed out, than the following article in an ex change : * ■ Books—Latin and Greek—and rub bing one’s coat sleeves for about three years against a college wall, are, by rni^ipr thought all the requisites - for the i a-good education. No such thing.— Some suppose that every learned-man is therefore an edupaietPman. Nots'o. A man may study metaphysics till be ts gray, and languages until he is a walking polyglot, and if he knows uolhing more, he is uneducated. That man is educated, truly, who knows himself and mankind, and takes Igar, ignorant herd, read, and be accurate, common sense views right' choice of yo Powerful Reasoning. a young men’s debating society where down in Indiana, the ques- _ or discussion was—“Which is the selves dragged down by those families ■ greatest evil, a scolding wife or a smoky —driven to bankiuptcy, shame and j chimney f" After the appointed dis- crimeby the thoughtless and basely self- p Ulanl3 j, a d concluded the debate, a ish extravagance of wife and children, spectator rose, and begged the privilege Let a man be in the way of receiving] „f .. making a few remarks on the occa- considerable money,and having proper-; sion.” Permission being granted, be de- ty in his hands, and his family can j live red himself in this way:—“Mr. rarely be made to comprehend and re- j President, I’ve been almost mad a-lisien- alize that there is any limit to his ahilL „ig to the debate of these ’ere young- ties to give and to spend. Fine dresses ( sters. They don’t know nothing at all and ornaments for wife and daughters; spending money and broad cloths for hopeful sons; costly parties every now and then, and richer furniture, and more of it at all limes; these are a few of the blind drains on the “governor’s” means which are peqieiually in action. f *Oh! what’s a hundred dollars to a man doing such a business?” is the in dignant question in case of any demur or remonstrance on his part. Not one of them could bear to disgrace him by earning a dollar ; they can’t see how a man who can get discounts in .Bank need ever be short of mopey or siitigy. in using it. All bis talk of difficulties or bard limes they regard as customary fables, intended to scrimp their drafts on his purse, or enhance their sense.of his generosity. When it is so easy to fill up a check, why will he be hoggish ? Let him give fifiy dollars to any philan thropic object, or invest five hundred, however safely* in any attempt to meli orate the. sufferings of the poor, and they now.see clearly that lie ha3 hoards of gold, and can just as well give iheni ®. 1 often regarded by his family as a sponge to be squeezed, a goose to be plucked. legs, plain an J fancy Cloths, Casaimere and Vestings, of every style, Ac. Hats, Gaps, Boots aad S oca: A lot of well assorted Bovs’ and Misses’ Hats and ” * * r and fashionable Bonnets, Shoe* the above articles, they have a Adi supply da of staple, and fancy dry goods, that are thie market. Also a large and well as- WARE AND CUTLERY, , Carpenters', and Tanners' Tools, fie#,' Bridles, and Harness, LcOlk- Ofl Cloth, Carpeting, Mat- *■— n 'vrriagt: Trimmings, Horse Nnuings. LSO— OF GROCEBIES. VSR, 8P1CB. COP FITS TKAS, COF- CLOTniNG THAN EVRR! XIMFIELD, would respectfully call tbe ^ at u-nt ion of .all those wantk* dothog, told* new and wcU selected assortment of 8pring and is cot k*v Drawer*. *«lk. -cotton aod wool Undcr- but little lower than an . Tudtii.—Truth is a subject which men will not suffer.to grow old. Each age has to fighi with its own false hood* ! each man with his love of say ing to’.himself and those around him, pleasant things ami things serviceable for lo-dny, rather than things which are, Ycra child appreciates at once the di vine necessity of troth; never asks, “ What harm is therein saying the thing there ir not ?” and'an old man 'finds in his growing eXjK’riencc wider and wi der applications of the great doctrine and discipline of truth. Education.—The striving of modern fashionable education is to make the character impressive ; while the re sult of good education, though not the iiiro, would be to make it expressive. There is a tendency in modern educa tion to cover the fingers wiib rings, and at the same time, to cut the sinews at the wrist. The worst education, which tcaches.self-denial, is heller than the best which teaches everything else, and not that. Vex not vonrself when illy spoken of. Contumelies, not regarded ^-vanish; but, repined at, argue either a puny soul or a guilty consciency. xeellence is providentially be yond the reach of inda\eoce,ihat success may be the reward of industry,'and that idleness may bp punished with obscu rity and disgrace. Riches arc but. ciphers—it is the mind that makes the sum. Rogue# in rags are kept in coun tenance by fpuges in ruffles. —Plain dealing , is a jewel* hut those who wear it are oat of fashion. ■ .'Be calm and steady;'nothing will grow under * moving harrot . —-Thegrave buries every > error- covers every defect—extinguishes every resentment. From its peaceful-.bosom springs none but fond regrets and ten- Iriadwa’Dm, Pock-, der recollections. Who can took down HgU&CMU&>’> 'dM^rSbi upon the grave WFan.-enemy,, and not »«? TwwsAi >c ««w4irtmcnt of TnuJa, Carpet Ban VoUsm, Ac. do.r beta. Rc«* Ware, BreU.«. «»• - • . April 18. 18sa . . .THE PLANTEirS GUlDli feel a compunctiqnsrthrob that he §hould have warred with the • poor handful ot earth .that'lies mouldering before him ! • ' v . Fix Military.—A young ensign, complaining-.-of the smallness of bis aparimcnts at , the barracks, . after many attempts at asimile, compared 1 Kernel. orange to be sucked, a spring to be drank from when thirsty, without, diminishing its flow. The stuff is there profusion—the only trouble is make him give it up. Iii vaiu he remonstrates—implores puts down his foot; He cannot be eternally contending with those he love! si ; he wants quiet at. home in order mature his plans and perfect,his ope rations. If he resists importunity, the pumps are set going, ami about the subject. What do they kn< about the evils of a scolding wife? Wait.till they have had one for twenty years, and been hammered, and jam med and slammed .all the while—and wait til) they’ve been scolded because the baby cried, because the fire wouldn’t hum, because the oven was too'hot, be cause the cow kicked over the milk, be cause it rained, because tbe sun shined, because the hens didn’t lay, because the butter wouldn’t come, because the old cat had kittens, because they came too socn for dinner, because they minnte too late, because they cause they tore their trowsers, because they invited a .neighbor woman to call again, because they, got sick, 1 ojr because they did^inytbingcl»e<, neNM^ter wheth er they.' couldn’t help H or not, before they talk about the evjls of a scold ing wife,-; why, Mr. PresitlentrPd rather hear the’clatter of hammers and stones, and twenty tin pans and nine brass ket tles, than the din, din, tlin, o!-the tongue of a scolding wife. -‘ Yes, sir-ee, 1 would. To my mind, Mr. President, a smoky chimney is ria pfore to he compared, to a scolding wjjMg'than a little negro * a dark night.*£§»,'< manners, and things around him. Some very learned men are periecl block heads—and the reason is, they arc no educated. y no means would we speak dispar agingly of books—properly selected and choice books. But the great Book ofHuman Nature one which should be the most thor oughly read. Washington, Franklin, Sherman, and many others we could name, eminent men, were not overstock ed with learning; but their lives and their aciions prove lhal they were thoroughly educated J Instances of this kind may be found in all countries, and among all classes ol people—men who » have never entered a college hall, but have been a rich blessing to their country, and gone down to the« narrow house,’ with the blessing of posterity their heads. Learning is only the means, not the end. ..-ArJ* Dancing- TB^pWtterJia'ving been devoured -to thp lost fragment, dancing succeeded. Some scruples had to be overcome be fore the women would join, us there were other tribes, besides their c present; and when at length'by the eriions of Mr. Hormuzd Rassarn. this difficulty was overcome, they made up . different sets. Those who did not take an active share in the amusements seat ed themselves on the grass, and formed can stand the April showers of feminine ] a large circle around the dancers. The sorrow? He giveaway at last; and | Sheikhs remained, on I lie sofas and di- throws down the money demanded, vans. The dance of the Arabs, the hoping that some great news by the next Dcbke, as il.is called, resembles in some A -Vonutain of Gold. The Pacific News of April 29 has a very singular article in relation to an alleged discovery of a mountain posed of gold and silver. The first mention made of this roost ‘marvel lous of nature’s productions, was letter written to the N. Y; Commercial Advertiser, which at the time thought to he a clever parody on the wonderful accounts from California.— Subsequently, a parly of emigrants, fit- Slavery, i\ llnlitirnl Ud together, to assniUnd destroy Stave. Cl ^ Jr* W *9¥H* ! fyitnhe South. The Southern Stales did - 1 ' ™ —• * ; ncrthing.to vindicate their'righis and ar- ADDBESS'OF THE [ rest this enurse r>f things. The Mexi- SOUTHERN CONY'ENTION :ean War broke out; arid instead nfilmt i To ,U T co P tc of Dclatmrc. MaryLvd, .Z" rngjgZ North Carolina. SonthCaro- [ ’ !*'% ,ak ‘ n lina, Georgia. Florida, AlaUnna, Mi,- j f ic ^a bring iZ a ^ nn,MtonoTabte sus‘i>2“i Tenneisce, Kentucky, Louutana, j conciusionfin ,hn very firs, npproprin! Tara,. Muaoun and Ar/canra, ^ , hc N T rth P ™ hEi.tow-ClTHENs—In obedience lo deavorc.l in thrust in the sohiect .of CL. the commands of those we represent, we j Slavery. Throughout the war, they ( / r'; have assembled together to confer with | kept up the agitation ; thus clearly each other concerning your relation with manifesting their determination that tit* general Government in none of its ope- | y rations, internal or external, shall be ^ exempted from the ".introdbetiop of this dangerous subject. The war closed with honor; and an immense territory f a.-\^ was added lo the United States. Their ^ Aj % previous threats were realized; and the non-slaveholding States immediate ly claimed the right to exclude the peo- f the General Government and the slaveholding States of 'the Union, on the subject of the institution of Slavery. We deem proper to lay before you, as briefly as the subject will permit, the result of our deliberations and coun cils. . In order that your condition may be understood, and the conclusions at which we have arrived be justly appre ciated, il 13 necessary briefly lo refer lo a few past transactions. It is now sixteen years since the in- stitution of Slavery in the South began to be agitated in Congress and assailed by our sister States. Up to that time, the people of the Northern States seem to have respected the rights reserved to the Southern States by the Constitu tion, antLlo have acted under the con viction, that the subject of Slavery be ing beyond the legislation of Congress, all agitation with respect to it, on the part of Congress, was equally forbid den by. the Constitution. But, at this time, a portion of the people of the North began to assail, in Congress, the institution of Slavery, and lo accom plish iheir object of dragging it into ihe vortex of congressional agitation, they claimed the right of petitioning Con gress upon all subjects whatsoev er. As a petition is only the first step in legislation, it was clear that a right to petition a legislative body must be limited by its powers of legislation.— No one can have a right to ask of an other to do that which he has no moral or legal right lo do. Nor can any tribu nal have the power to receive and con sider any matter beyond its jurisdiction. The claim, therefore, to present peti- . Congress on the subject of considered by the South- ting Out for a Spot aboqYsixtymiiles east ( ern Representative^ generally, of Puebla de los Angeles, having heard attempt, indirectly, to tfjsume jurisdic- ofthe existence of vast quantities of gold j ,lon over the subject itself, in all parts in another direction, changed their des- j °^jhe Union. The object, without dis tillation. We continue with the .re- S U * SR » wds the overthrow of Slavery in latino given by the News: *l ,e States; but our assailants framed The route lay in a northeast direction l 1 * 1 ® P e f' l ' on3 presented, chiefly against from ihe place o! departure, and full pf; S,a . ver y i n l H e District of Columbia difficulties. Striking the Mahahveriver, they followed its course some distance, crossing and recrosstng as necessity and our Territories, and against what they call the internal slave trade—that i$, the transmission of slaves from one compelled, some days as often as fif- •Southern State to another, f Conscious teen rime’s, leaving it where it makes bend to the southeast, toward the Col- .Slavery in Congress to destroy ihpiCnhgfesfl has become little than a orado', into which it empties. Obstacles P eace and stability of the Union, an ef-]g ra nd instrument in the hands of alioli- were encountered at parts of the journey almost insurmtiuntaWt. in: 'portion of the Nnrtbern Representafiy. steamship, some turn of luck in his bu siness. will make it up id him. Perhaps it does, and he floats on; perhaps it don’t, and this Iasi feather lias broken the elephaut’s back. The end, howev er, nenr or distant, .is morally certain. Treated always as a mme to be opened at will, he finally grows desperate, and rushes into reckless speculation or blast ed crime, and is overwhelmed with ru- Selfish villain,” cry the ignorant crowd ; “ how could he run such a cn- How we pity his family !” No doubt of it: But if you knew more, perhaps you would pity Atm. The Difference. How easy it is to detect the differ ence between one who reads and one who does not read! The one who does not read derives the little knowledge he posseseafrom conversation.; and as his intercourse is generally with persons rif lhe*same class, his whole slock con sists of the gossip of the neighbourhood. The only use of his memory is to lay up trifling occurrences or remarks/ which can be of little utility and afford hot slender grounds ’for useful reflection. In stopping at a country tavern, we have sometimes made it our business to listen to a group of men on the piazza, and have been surprised to find how long they could engage the attention of each other in discussing the merits of a horse, oc. jn telling ot an accident which, hap pened to a cow. - AVe could easily, per-, ceive fromibejr whnle•conversation that they bad never read* a book. -Even respects that of the Albanians, and those who perform in it are scarcely less vehement in their gestures, or less extravagant in their excitement, than those wild mountaineers. They form rcle, holding one another by the baud, and, moving slow f3* round at first, go through a shuffling step with their feel, twisting, their bodies into various itudes. As the music quickens, their movements are more active; they stamp with their leet, yell their'war- crv, and jump as they hurry around the musicians. -The motions,of the wo men are not wilboot/ £ra^e; but as they insist on wrapping’ themselves in their coarse cloaks before they join in the dance, their forms, which the simple Arab shirt so well display:. entirely concealed. When those who formed the Debkc were completely ex hausted by thejr exertions, they joined, the lookers on, and seated themselves on thp ground. . Two yrarriojs of differ ent tribes, furnished with ; shields and drawn scimitars, then entered the circle aud Went through the sword dance. As the‘music quickehecT, the excitement of the performers increased. .The bystan ders'at length were obliged lo interfere, and to- deprive the combatants of their weapons, which were replaced fiy stout staves. Witfi these' they, belabored ona ariother: unraercifuljy; ; 1p the great enjoyment _ <ff r the crowd." On every successful'hiti the' tribe' to-which.the one whd'dealt it belouged.s6t up tbeif war-cry and shouts 1 of applause, whilst ihe \yomea deafened u's with thfl shrill tfiatehla noise made by-a’combined the shape of mountains of rock which they had toolimb.and mountains of snow which they could not avoid; narrow gor ges through which they had to pass, and/ still narrower cliffs along whose crests nothing hut a mute could pass with a prospect of safety, and where the slight est mis-step would land rider and all hundreds of feet below ; but they push- >n about 230 miles from the Pueblo, point for which they started. Here, ng the eastern spurs of the Sierra! Nevada, they, found the object of their- search—gold-—and silver t*”* • such quantities as they had suppress it by a rule in the House pof. Representatives, which, provided that all petitions on the su.bjeciof Slave ry should be neither considered, priut- of—a perfect mountain of rocks with sil- subjectl ^slavery in- Congress, nd gold mingled and commingled in J T “ *' solid masses weighing from one to many tons. The quartz proved to beexceetl- igly hard, to such ai degree "that, dur ing their short stay, all their imple ments, made.for this particular purpose starting, were completely worn the operation of drilling and" blasting. The strangest part of the whole Covery is yet to he told. These large boulders of gold, stiver and quartz have the gold in the south end and the silver in the north end. No exceptions found in their examination, the silver being the most abundant of the two. In the words of the person who spot, “ there is enough silver there to sink every ship in this harbor.” „ . Possibly some may look upon this account as a jest, and, so far as the practicability of pulling the discovery to any use at present is concerned, it is All the water to be found for miles pie of the Southern Stales from all’ the territory acquired, and to appropriate it • to themselves. If this pretension arose from a mere lust of power, it would be hard, to bear the superiority and mastery it implies. It'would de grade the Southern Stales from being the - equals of the Northern States, to a posi tion of colonial inferiority. But when your exclusion is not from a mere lust of power, but is only a further step in the progress of things, aiming at the abolition of Slavery in the States, by the extension and multiplication ofnon- slaveholdlng States in the Union, the pretension is seen lo be as alarming as it is insulting. The Southern States, in their Legislatures set forth with great unanimity the rights in our terri tories belonging to them in common with the Northern Stales, and declared their determination to maintain them; and finding in the Northern States no disposition to abate iheir demands, the Convention in which we are assem bled, has been brought together to take counsel as to the course the Southern States should pursue* for the mainte nance of their rights, their liberty and honor. ~ Such is a brief, hot imperfect state ment of past transactions; and they force upon us the question*, in what con dition do they place thq Southern Slates? And first* what is their condi tion in Congress ? _The rime was when your Representatives in Congress, were neither offered, nor would they endure reproach in your behalf. Bui for many years past, they have beard : you in Con gress habitually reviled by the most op probrious epithets on account bf the in stitution of Slavery. If their spirits are yet unbroken, they must be chilled by a sense of humiliation al fhe'tnsulis they daily receive as your representatives. iYou are arrninged ns criminal*. Slave- nf the fatal tendency of the agitation of? r .V 18 dragged into every debate, and fort was made, supported by a largej ,innists lo degrade rind ruin the South. referred. ^This rule" sailed by the people of the Northern States, as violating that clause, of the Constitution which prohibits Congress from passing laws to prevent' the peo ple from peaceably assembling and pe titioning for a redress of grievances.^ In December, 1844, this ruin fell before the almost unanimous voice .of the North; and thus the unlimited power I reducing and considering the asserted, j In the mean time, the of the Northern people showed clearly that the agitation of Slavery in Con gress was only one of the means they relied on to overthrow this institution throughout the Union. Newspapers were set up amongst them, and lecturers were hired to go abroad to excite them against Slavery in the Southern States. Organizations were formed lo carry off* slaves from the South, and to. protect, them by violence from recapture. Al though the Constitution requires that fugitive slaves, like fugitives from jus tice, should be rendered up by the States to which they may hove fled, the legislatures of almost every Northern State, faithless to this treaty" stipulat -between the Stales, passed laws, de signed and calculated entirely to de feat this provision of tbe Constitution, without which the Union would have never existed, and by-these law ually nullified the actnf 1794, ’passed Instead of peace and protection, ag gression and insult on the Souih char acterize its proceedings and councils.— And what is your condition, with rc- ;spect to your sister States 1 : Where is that respect and -comity, which (due from nil nations towards each oiher}is more especially due from Slates bound together in a confederacy, and which was once displayed in all their inter- iQrse; instead of respect and sympa thy—denunciation and hostility, on ac count of your institution of slavery, have for years past characterized the immunications addressed to you by the Northern States. And what is your, •ondirion . in the Union? The noo- laveholding States stand combined, not mly to wrest from you your conimen property, but to place upon your front, the brand of inferiority. You are not to extend, on account of your institutions, hut they are to increase and multiply, that the shame and sin of slavery, may by their philanthropic agency, he extin guished from amongst you. But tbe worst feature of your condition, is, that it is progressive. As low and humil iating ns it now may be, it is destined if not arrested, to “a lower deep.”— Every effect isva cause; and the spirit of fanaticism brooks no delay in the progress il creates.’ If.you were to yield everything the North requires— abolish slavery in the District of Co lumbia—submit to be legislated pirates for conveying slaves from one State to another, let trial by jury and |be writ of Habeas Corpus, wrest from you in the Northern States every fugitive slave, give up-atl.yoor territories lo swell Northern arrogance and predomi nance, woold tbings slop there ? These all means aiming at one great end— 'when politics was the subject; noevt- . « ««.<•» w*ui> • dencc was furnished' that they bad any t'motiorf-bf the tongue, throat and hand, just views of the state of the countryyj vibrated rapidly over thy mouth.— or of the great questions discussed by i When an Arab or allurd hears the ^ba the leaders.. They knew by what narne j lehl he a!most loses his senses through them to a nut shell; mi which a friend they were called, and that was abuot; excitement, and is ready to commit any CHASK A FETERSOX.'-rcongratulated him, as bv dwelling in-a all. We have seen, too. the family of: desperate act. A party of Kurdish jes ' Ul °ManuapthBo°fc he had attained* the rank oC a .LAaaar *• _ .espectable farmer, whose whole con- j ters from the mountains, entertained versation from day to’day, and month * *he Arabs wi|h performances ftnd imi- to month, was furnished by the trifiing^ltons mo . lfc amusing than refined.— j incidents of ihe nniahhorhnod. Tntro- Thev Were received with shouts of Don’t rob yourself, said the. farmer,!incidents of the neighborhood. Intro-’They were received wheii.lbfbiwVir'calTedJiirobard names. 1 dace any mdreinstructive topic, and they Janghter. The dance wa9 kept.up by * and miles around-is highly impregnated [ by Congress toaidrji's enforcement. Not with salt or saheratus, or both. .Not a [content with the-dgitatinn of Slavery in single drop of .water free from one or [political. circles; the Northern peo- «.*. .-—.— o the other of these properties' did.one of] pie-forced it also.' into’ the religious as-1 the abolition ol Slavery i.n the States.- the party obtain dbring their stay. ' The]’ social ions extending over the. Union, | Surrendering one of these means you whole region is a perfect waste, disease [and produced'a separation of ihe Meth-j will but inflame the power hy which and death must inevitably follow, any j odist and .Baptist-churcfies. The re- nriothe? will be exacted and when all prolonged stay. On their return they suit of all these various methods of as- aie conquered, will the evil be arresi- met a large company .going lo the same , sailing Slavery inthe Southern State#, ed* Iufifly years, twenty non-slavey spot. A true statement of the difficul- was, tirat it became the grand topic of lies and dangers ot a- further' piosecu-J interest arid discussion in Congress and linn of the expedition induced *abobl' out of Congress; aridofie ofthe most iro- t wo bund red to tarn back-t-fifty went on. [. porta nt-elements of [solitics fn the Union. Thegentleman named/ 'from' whom fThus an fosritiition,-belonging ; to the holding Suites'xqaj be added -to the Union, whilst some, which are now slnveholdiiig, may-'become non-slave- liiddiiig .States.' There, then, will be no. rired as now. opcnfy to put aside the these facts havebeeriobtained'is nnwjhiSouthern States excirfsively, tvas wrestr -consiHuiion to r«afh- their object. If ...r.L j .r» i.;. ....... 1 ml -Auni...r..n • .nl ..nft iJitv,11 dp,am- 'ia (biit.-lho non-slave- ibuotfe'xcitcmentjandis ready to commit any 'tbis'eity, with specimens in bis posses-! ed froth' their exclusive cohtrotf 'anjl !r . .*' on> brought from the mother roofint'a(if.].fpitead.of thatjtrbteciiSri which is the. They are the most singular aifd beauti-! greaF'ohjecl- of all governments,^ and ful we have ever seen, and one need on-i which the Constitution of the' .United ly to see them, and hear him, to be con-r i Stales guarantees to all tiro Stiles an^1 inccdthai nothing has. been.^told^ but [their institutions, the Northern^ States, fie truth. - ;- • j v -antiCongressunclertheircontrql.yornbin- ■they wilVdeigtr to doit r the non-slave- holding States ‘wilt then have the j>ow- er by two thirds in' Congress and three fourths of the States, to amend the conslitulion r aml- then liave its ex press sanction to consummate their pol icy. Your condition is progressive.-