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nnv law of the United Stair*, either by: ready mentioned, come within the pro
power of arm* or mere power of num- j lection of the ninth article j and that
bers, constituting such. » combination
-^...'•eisteto poweffol-to he suppressed t*y
FES. tr d,<n pMiutiMii rtf the
the treaty, being a part tiplheenpreme
law of the land, does extend over all
each Mexicans, and assures' to them
perfect security in the free enjoyment
of their liberty and property, as welf
as in the free exercises of religion; and
this; supreme .law of the land being thus
in actual force over this territory, is to be
maintained until it shall displaced or
persetlc.d by other-legal provisions ;
the Government of the U. S. would-be
justified, in my opinion, in allowing an
indemnity- to Texas, not unreasonable
and extravagant, but fair* liberal, and
Qf THE
PRESIDENT OF THE C. STATSS, The <iiS oftte
' tm’tfa texa» socmuey QVEeTwx. • United States has. no option left to him,
T« the Semite a*iMove rf RtpreMnuiices: bit is bound to obey the solemn in-
. I herewith transmit l«» the two Houses Junction of ibe Constitution,- and
of Congress, a fetter from hi* excellew- cise ihe liigb' power* vested in him by
cy f lic Governor of-Texns, dated on the that instrument nnd by the Acts of
'lillli day. of June last,addressed to the Congress.
lute - President of the.'United States, Ot,ifflny civil poise, armed or ua* . , w . ..
which, not having been answered by armed, ciiu-r-mto any Territory'of the and if it lie «>hs;ructed «>r resisted by
him. came into my hand* vn his death ; United Suites, oil ier the protection of combinations too powerful to be sap-
mul I also transmit a copy of the an- ilie laws thereof, vviilr.yHeiil to seize pressed by the civil authority, the case
suer which I have felt it to lie my duty individuals to be carried elsewhere for. is one which comes within the provision
tie cause to be mad? to that comtriuni- trial fir alleged offences, and this ;w«e oftho law, and which obliges the Pres-
eatintt. , be too powerful to be resisted by the lo-, idem to-enforce these provisions.— ^ .
Congress will perceive that the Gov- cal and civil authorities, such seizure or ( Neither tire constitution nor the laws, cheerfully acquiesce in any other mode \ imitate the modest self-reliance, the pu
niH»r of.Texas officially'Slates, that by ' attempt to seize i*4o be prevented or nor :ny duty nor my oath of office, leave 1 which the wisdom of Congress may rity, and the kindness, of heart, which
noilmrity of the' Legislature of that j resisted by the authority of the United me any alternative or any choice in my j devise. ; distinguished liim Jn_private Hfe.
Slate, he despatched u special Cominis-; State*. f mode of action. • And, in conclusion, I repeat my con- j
* • 1 “ . . The grave and important question! The Executive Government of the viction, that every .consideration of the
arises, whether there be in the, United States has no power or authority 1 public interest, manifests the necessity (
home, a.id a profound respect abroad-
With a consciousness of the purity of
his motives, he sank irilo death breath
ing the words, “ I am prepared—I have
• •■u uui iair< iiwiaii ohu I mg iuv r I • . .
iwarded in a just spirit of accomtnoda- endeavored to do rhy duty.” I invite
lion. , (the Consuls atid Vice Consuls of the
f think no ev'eiit wouht be hailed with United States, and all. others of my
more gratification by the people of the countrymen in the United Kingdom, to
Ui States, thhnihe amicable adjustment manifest their sympathy in this sad
of questions or difficulty, which have | event, and sbarenn the general grief it
now, for a long timC^agitaied tho'coun-jhas caused. ; Our country has lost, in
try,, and occupied, to the exclusion ofj the hour of her need., agreat-and a good
other subjects, the time and attention of man. Let us hope that, while his
Congress. j memory endures, those who have, the
Having thu^freely communicated the ; charge of our public affairs may emul-
result of my own reflection, on the most ate his patriotism, bis integrity, his jus-
advisable mode of adjusting the boun-tice, and self-forgetfulness; and that
dory question, I shall, nevertheless, our countrymen generally, may strive to
sinner, with MI power and instructions
to cxlrnd the civil jurisdiction of the
•ABBOTT LAWRENCE.
“ United 'States Legation, London, July 22.”
State over the unorganized counties of; Territory of New Mexico any existing to determine what was the true line of j of. a provision by Cotigress for the set-
Kl Pa iso. Worth, Presidio, and Sar.ta law of the United States, opposition to boundary between Mexico and the Uni-1 tlement of this.boundary question, be-'
I Pa iso,
Fe, situated
lithe northwestern limits, j which,
‘ ~ ! wo * *
the obstruction of which, ted States before the treaty of Guada-. fore the present session be brought to
He proceeds to soy, that the Com- ' would constitute a case calling for the loupe Hidalgo, nor has it any power , a close. The settlement of other ques-
inisstntier had reported to him, in an of-| interposition of the authority vested in ; now, since the question has become a lions, connected with the same subject
ficiaf form, that tlie military officers 1 the President. ! question between the State of Texas j within the same period, is greatly to
employed in the serviup of the United i The Constitution of the United States and the United States. So far as this ; be desired : but the adjustment of this
Slpte*, stationed at Santa Fe. inter-1declares that ••this Constitution and , boundary is doubtful, that doubt can appears, to me, to be in the highest de
posed adversely, with the inhabitants,; the laws of the United Slates, .which only be removed by some act of Con- gree important. In the train of such
to llie fulfilment of his object, in favor | *hnII bo made in pursuance thereof, gross, to which the assent of the State ; an adjustment, we may well hope that
of tlie'cstablishmeiri of a separate Stale j anil all ihctrcalics made, or that shall be of Texas may be necessary, or by some ; there will follow a return of harmony
government, cast of the Rio Grande,; made, under ibenuthotity of the United ] appropriate mode of legal adjudication ; : and good will, gu, increased attachment
the general satisfac-
M1LLARD FILLMORE.
Washington, August 6,-1850.
and within tiic; rightful limits of (lie . States, ihnll be the supreme law of the but in the meantime if disturbances or ' to the Union,^
State of Texas. These four counties land.” If, therefore. New Mexico be a; collisions arise or ahould be.threatened, lino c.f f|
winch Texna-pro|N»sea to establish and Territory of thed9jm*d Slates, nnd if j it is absolutely inedmbent'on the Execu-
organize ns being within fcer own juris- ' any treaty inipulalioti be in force there- j live Government, however painful the
diction, extend over the w hole of the! in, »uch ireaty' simulation is the su-|duty, to take cure that the laws lie
territory east Of the Rio Grande, which ; preme law of the land, and is to be ! faithfully maintained ; ami lie can re-. From BaltimoreSiw.
has, heretofore, been regarded as an es- ’ maintained and upheld accordingly. j gard only the actual state of things os ' Thirty-First Congress—Tirst Scssiou.
seniiaf and integral part of the Depart-' In ike letter to the Governor of Tex- it existed at the date of the treaty, and Washixgton, Aug. 12, 1850.
uicnt of New Mexico, ami actually gov- as, my reasons are given for believing: is bound to protect all inhabitants who SENATE,
cmed. and possessed by her people, that New Mexico is now a Territory • were then established, and who now After some unimportant morning bu-
ATHENS, GEORGIA:
. Tk« SOOMioi •* C«llf«r»l«.
As>ill tie seen, by-referencelo our columns to
day, the most infamous and tyrannical act,.which
has ever disgraced' the annals of our congressional
legislation, was perpetrated in the Senate, on the
18th instant,—the passage of the bill for the ad
mission of .California, with . her immense limits,,
and mixed population of adventurers after gold.—
The whole transaction has been marked by Injus
tice, and a spirit of oppression. The first efforts
that were made to give to California a territorial
government, were thwarted by the very men, who,
since the adoption of the anti-slavery clause in her
constitution, have never ceased to clamor for her
admission, as a State into the Union, despite of
her informal proceedings in adopting that constiln-
tion—and despite of every just claim which the
South has upon a portion of that territory as the
common property of the-Slates of this Unihn—i
SraUirraBiekunceUnp.
We hare received cheering accounts of p 0 bj c
meetings in various sections 61 our State, which
haye resuiled irrtheadoption ol the Missouri C*, m .
promise line as a basis of settlement, with a una
nimity, which was not always attainable, betore the
defeat of thht apple o* discord in the South—the
ClajF Cbtepwwnise.-
Meetings have been held recently in Merri-
wether,. Sumpter, Pikp, Monroe, Jones, Dooly,
.Crawford, -Decatur, Stewart, Talbot, Harris «nJ
Burke copnties, trii resulting in action most cheer
ing to every well wisher of the country, and friend
to Soiithem rights.
The great Mass .Meeting cjf ■ the friends of the
Missouri Compromise, is-to be held in Macon, on
the 224 instant, find large preparations have been
made hy the citraen^of Macon, for Ihe reception
of the people, en masse. We hope every section
Ihe face ol ihe protest or many of Ibe Southern j °f our State will be fully repreaented there, and
i, by their legiatative aasefnblirt, against the that theyo.ee of the people ol Georgia, will E <
admission of California, unless herli
stricted in accordance with former usage ! Is there
a particle of excuse for this outrage upon the
South at the hands of the Senate ? Are the inbabi-
of California clamorous-for a State govern
ment at this time ? Would they not have been
fully satisfied if they had been remanded to
a territorial condition, or if they had been ad
mitted into the Union with their bounds limited
by 36, 30, north latitude 1 From the most recent
intelligence that has been received from that
country, her sober, thoughtful citizens, those,
who have already experienced the difficulties at
tendant upon the?raising of- a sufficient revenue by
taxation, for the support of so expensive a State
government as her’s must undoubtedly prove to be,
.re anxious that she should be placed in territorial
forth with a power tjiat cannot be resisted by the
tyrannical majority ol Congress,who seem intent
upon dishonoring lire South. Since the passage of
the California bill in the Senate, in the face of every
effort of the friends of the South in that body, to-
prevents its passage, we have no remedy, but a
united determination on our part to have our
rights at all hazards. A crisis has arrived.—
Now, the South must act,' or never—and if the
South really has anything at issue, worth contend-
ing for,'she must make a last effort for it; and it
not obtained, she can shake the dust from her feet,
and the blood of the North will be on her own
The Southern Press, of the 12th instant, says:
Thursday Morning, August 22, 1850<
until crrttquerrd nfid severed from the »»fthe United Slates, with the sntne ex- j remain north and east of the line of sjneis,
by the American ’ tent nnd the same boundaries which be- demarkalion, in the full "enjoyment of j - The Califi..
of their liberty and properly according The question
It^dyblK; of Mcxic . . ,
uriyi*. longed t» it,-while in the actual possea-
f The Legislature of Texas has been . siori of jhe Republic of Mexico, nnd
c a Heel together by the Governor, for | before the late war. In the-early part
the purpose, as is understood, of main- oflhni war, both California ami New
Uiuin^ her claim to the territory cast of. Mexico were conquered by the arms of
bill, was taken up.—
. .. . . „ .j ,_3 the motion of Mr.
the provisions of-the ninth article of i Turney to am cud by substituting the
the treaty ; or, in other words, all must proposition offered to the Omnibus by
be now regarded as new Mexico which 1 Mr. Soule.
was possessed and occupied as New j Mr. Soule spoke in support of the
lilts Rio Grande, and of establishingi the United Stales,’nnd were in the rail--Mexico by citizens of Mexico at the amendment.
over it her own jurisdiction and " her itary possession of the United Slates i dale of the treaty, until n definite line j Mr. Foote replied briefly, and remark-
own laws, by force. j at she date of the treaty of peace. . j of boundary shall be established by e j upon an expression used by the Sen
Tltese proceedings of Texas may
well arrest the attention of all branches
far from being improbable that,
sequence of tlie#e proceedings of Texas,
u crisis may be brought on which shall
summon ihetwoHoasea of Congress—
nnd still more emphatically the Execu
tive Government, to an immediate readi
ness for tbo performance of their re
spective duties.
By the Constitution of the United
States, the President is constituted com-
tnnnder-in-chtef of (be army and navy,
and of the militia of the several States,
when called into the actual service of
the United Slates. The Constitution
declares also, that bo shall take care
that the laws be faithfully executed, and
that he shall, from time to time, give to
the Congress information of the state
of the Union.
Congress has power by the Consti
tution, ta provide far calling forth the
tnilitin to execute the laws of the
Union; ami suitable and appropriate
acts of Congress havfc been passed, as
well for providing for calling forth the
militia, ns for placing other suitable nnd
efficient means in the hands of the Pre
sident, to enable him to discharge the
constitutional functions of bis office.
The second secln. j of the act of the
twenty-eighth of February, seventeen
hundred and niuety-five, declares, that
whenever the laws of the United Stales
shall be opposed, or their execution ob
structed, in any State, by combinations
loo powerful lo bo suppressed by the
ordinary course ol judicial proceedings,
or the power vested in the marshals,
the President may cull forth llie militia,
so far ns may be"necessary, to suppress
such combinations, and to cause the
laws to be duly Executed.
By ihe act of March 3,1807, it is pro
vided that in all cases of obst ruction to
the laws, either of the United Stales or
any.individual SlfMe or Territory, where
it is l;iwful for the • President" to call
forth ‘the militia for jlto purpose of
»itig the law# to 1m July executed,, it
the date of the treaty
By that treaty the title by conquest j competent authority. This assertion l alor, r which lie characterized as sedt-
confirmcd, and llteie territories, J of duty to protect the people of New j ji ous> arid worthy of a Danton or Marat
The Senator had declared that the South
Texa:
mporlanl rights and se-j for trial for alleged offences against
of the Government oftho United States, | provinces, or departments, separated j Mexico from threatened violence
nnd I rejoice that they occur xvhile the . from Mexico, forever; and by the same | from seizure, to be carried into Tc
Congress is yet in session. It is, I fear, treaty certain important rights and se-j for trial for alleged offences ago
curities were solemnly guarantied to ; Texan laws, does' not at all include
the inhabitants residing therein. j any. claim of power on the part of the
By the fifth article of the treaty it is: Executive, to establish any civil or mili-
declarcd that ! tary gove r n tn e n 1,av it hi n that Territory.
“The boundary line between the j That power belongs exclusively to the
two Republics shall commence in the j legislative department and Congress is
Gulf of Mexico, three leagues from land, the sole judge of the time and manner
opposite the mouth ofihe Rio Grande,
otherwise called the Rio Bravo del
Norte, or opposite the mouth' of'its
deepest branch if it should have more
than one branch, emptying directly- in
to the sea; from thence up the middle
of that river, following the deepest
channel where it has more than one, to
the point where jt strikes the southern
boundary of Mexico; thence westward-
ly along the whole southern boundary
of New Mexico, (which runs north of
the town called Pano,yto its western
termination ; thcnco northward along
the western line of New Mexico until
it intersects the'first branch of the river
Gila, (or if it should not intersect any
branch of that river, then to the point
on the said line nearest to such branch,
-ami thence in. a direct line to the same ;)
thence down the middle of said branch
and of the said river, until it empties in
to the Rio Colorado; thence across the
Rio Colorado, following the division
line between Upper and Lower Cali
fornia to the Pacific ocean.”
The eighth article of the treaty is in
the following terms : -
••Mexicans now established in Terri-
tbnes previously belonging to Mexico,
and which remain for the fulire within
the limits of the United States, as de
fined by the present treaty shall be free
to continue whefe they now reside, or
to remove at any time- to the Mexican
Republic, retaining the property which
they possess in the said Territories, or
disposing thereof, and removing: ihe
proceed# wherever they please, with
out their being subjected, on this nc-
counr, to . any contribution, tax, or
charge whatever.
of creating or authorizing any such gov
ernments.
The duty of the Executive extends
only-tothe execution of laws and the
mainlainanceoftreatiesactually in force,
aud the protection of all the people of
the United Stales iu the enjoyment
of the rights which those treaties and
laws guarantee.
It is exceedingly desirable that-no oc
casion should arise for the exercise of
the powers thus vested in the President
by the Constitution and the laws.—
With wliat ever mildness those powers
might bo executed, or however clear the
case of necessity, yet cbnscquences might
nevertheless follow,-of which no human
sagacity can foresee either the
the end.
Having thus laid before Congress the
communication of his Excellency the
Governor of Texas, and the - answer
thereto, and having made such obser
vations as I have thought the occasion
called for, respecting constitutional ob
ligations whioli may arise in the further
progress of things, and,may devolve on
me tr. be performed, 1 hope F shall not
be regarded as stepping aside from the
liuc of my duty, notwithstanding that
I am aware that the subject is now be
fore botbtHouses,.if I express my deep
and earnest con viction of the importance
would not submit to this bill, and that
if she submitted she would be .debased,
and her people were fit only to be
slaves.
Mr. Soule explained that whal hedid
ay was this “Do you suppose,” he had
sked “that the South will submit to
all these aggressions? ,11 they did, the
masters of slaves were, fit to be slaves
themselves.”
FuflBer explanation look place, aud
the question was then taken. The
amendment was rejected—yeas 20 nays
pupilagp. ' Tm$S$e&changing character of every j “ At length we hare to congratulate the Sciith on
thing there—people and.property—has caused it be j the attainment of greater unity among her repre-
next to impossible* to impose and raise taxes—the j sentatives than has yet been known,
owner of vast amounts ol property to-day, may to- At a meeting held a few evenings since, the fol-
morrow, by some unfortunate turn in speculation,; lowing members were appointed a Committee
be compelled toseizehis spade,and go to the “ dig- on Resolutions:
gings” again ; or may, if more fortunate, turn bis ! Mr. Toombs, Chairman. •'
steps homeward with his wealth in his possession, j- Messrs. Seddon, Thompson, Houston, Bowie,
The inhabitants of the Southern portion of the ter- j Clingman, Burt, Cabell, Hilliard, Morse, Johnson,
ritory—those,'who were less interested in the gold j Morehead,Green, Howard, Thomas,
mines, and more of an agricultural, and of conse- | 'Ve understand that the deliberations of tiic
quence, a more settled population, were desirous j Committee resulted in almost entire unanimity,
when the form of a State government was adopted, ! anil.accordingly—
that they should have a territorial government; but; ' Mr. Toombs, Chairman, of the Committee of
being in the minbrity. this was denied to them. i Fifteen, reported the following resolutions, which
wr VUI ucul . Then, where was the necessity for the establish- j we f e Wonted :
—— - ' ment of a State government, whose-power should ! That no Citizen shall be deprived
Kr.Afte, three absence from his po.t, | »,.r a ta*. .efficiently l.rge for .i,
lire undersigned has returned in time lo announce to I mense States, in utter disregard of the clear and that the common law, as it existed in the Ameri-
the readers ol the Whig that his connection with j indisputable rights ofone hall ofthe Union ? None j can Colonics on the 4th July, 1776, and the Con-
the paper, for a period of nearlylsix years, termi- j exist' d, none whatever. It is but a display of ty- * ^bution and-lawa of the U. States applicable to
1 r ' • • Our territories, shall be the fundamental law of
U* One of the proprietors of this paper will attend
the counties of Jackson, Hall, Lumpkin, Habersham
and Franklin, during the session of the ensuing
fall terms of the Superior Courts in those coun
ties, for the purpose of collecting dues to this of
fice ; and we earnestly request all indebted to us
by note or account to be prepared to settle, as we
are in great need of the small amounts they sever
ally owe, and must collect them or suffer great
inconvenience. This is the last warning to a num-
years, termi- ] extso u, none
ith the present issue. i ninny by the stronger ovej the
lking.this announcement, he will be indulg- [ perpetration of the first of a series
ed by the generous reader in such remarks as the ' w '^ eventually bring about the expi
>f. acts, which J
f hall tie lawful fur him fn'employ, for j “Those who shall prefer to remain
the same purpose*, £uch part of tlte ' n ^ c . anitl Territories may either re-
JjwJ «r naval fiirrenf the United States
occasion naturally calls forth. F.
editor, feeling deeply- impresse
weight of moral responsibility r
fraternity, it has been bis constant
the advancement of the
30.
Mr. Berrien took the floor. His duty
to bis State aud io her particular rela
tion to this subject, rendered it necessa
ry for him to speak on this subject. He
proceeded to state his^ikjections to the
bill at great length.
Mr. Foote commented on some re
marks of the Senator from Georgia up
on those who acted the part of censors
upoirihe senritt^t^expressed by Sen
ators. Mr. Foote denied that he had
played the part of a censor. He had free
ly commented, in a fit manner, upon
the arguments and views of Senators.
He had said nothing in disparagement
of the regulations of the legislature of
Georgia, which the gentleman, had
ably defended.
Mr. Cass vindicated his doctrines
regard to the power of the government
over territories.
The debate was continued by Messrs.
Berrien, Cass, and John Davis.
Mr. Hunter moved an adjournment.
Mr. Douglas asked the yeas and nays.
The motion was lost-r-yeas 21, nays 30.
Mr. Jefferson Davis moved to post
pone the hill till to-morrow, at 12 o’
n his debut
with the vast
:ing upon the
eat interests of
territory.
Resolved, That in the event that the non
holding States object thus to put the life,
ty and property of American citizens under
—a trial of the strength of thi
*«&***>■ \
cognition and protection of property in slaves.
3 ResoUed, That we will not vote for the ad-
But the deed
cemed, and
the House—we are pleased to observe indienti
among the Southern members of that body go
to show that a determined resistance will be gi
to the passage of the bill—but, in matters of Ie ;
lation, might, will eventually overcome r:g!i
and we expect nothing less than that, a few d
will bring ns the intelligence that the Housi
Representatives has given the finishing touch to
act which should brand the perpetrators of it, v
lasting infamy. What will the South do in i
immediate decision, or arrange- clock. Lost—yeas 20, nays 31.
went, or settlement of the question of | Mr. Foote moved to lay the bill on
boundary between Texas and the terri- j ||, e t ),e table. Lost—yeas 19, navs32.
torj of New Mexico. All considerations Mr. Turnev moved an adjournment,
of justice, general expediency, and do- j L ost> The bill was ordered to be en-
tnestic tranquility call for this. It seems grossed. Yeas 32 to nny# 18.
lo be, in its character and by position, j Yeas—Baldwin, Bell, Benton, Brad-
tjie first, of one of the first, of the ques- j bury Bright, Cass, Chase, Cooper, Da-
growing out of the acquisition oi • vis, of Massachusetts, Dickinson,
aud
n? shall be judged necessary.
Tltfso several enactmeut# are. now in
foil force; so that- if the laws of the
United Slates are opposed or obstruct
ed, in any State or Territory, by' com
binations toapqwerful to he suppressed,
by the judicial or civil authorities, »l be
come* u case- in which it is rite duty of 1
the l*resident, either lo call out "the
uiililia, or iq empfov i!,o military and
naval force of the (foiled States, -orjo
do both, If it» Ins judgment tiic exigency
ol the. «*cc:tsion shall so require, for
the purpose of-suppressing such combi
nation. ^ r - ** -
(Institutional duty of the Pi?esi»
tin and peremptory; and the
vested in him by law, (or in
ydear and briglit.
i>:t State auih iriz.id to maim
own laws,, so lift' «* they, are
not repugnant to the Cimstiiutiou* laws
nml treaties nfther'EN States; u» #np-
«t|»r«*ss iusorreciioas against her' norhori-
ty, and to'punish thoso who may com
mit treason again suite State according
to the forms provided by her own con-
stitution nnd her own*laws.
. Bot all this power is local, anti confin
ed entirely within the limits of Texas
bcrseU*. She can possibly confer no au
thority which can be law fully exercised
beyond her own boundaries.
tain their thle and rights of Mexican
citizens or acquire those of the citizens
ofthe United States. But they shall be
under the obligation to make their elec
tion within one year from the date of
the exchange of ratifications of this
treaty ; nndjhose who shall remain in
the said Territories after the expiration
of that year, without having declared
.. ,, • . ment tit au u»e rtgitis oi.e
All this i* plain, and hardly needs ar-1 United Stales. pcct.Tding t
g juieut of eliiciil.-nin:|. II lVxan mili- jpl<^ of.'tfie. Constttujion ;
their intention to retain the character
of Mexicans. shaUjbe considered to have
elected to bepompehixensef the United
Ointcs. — - — -
In the said .-Tcrrilbries, property of
every kifal, bow belotfging to Mexicans
not established there, shall be inviola
bly "respected. Tlte present owners,
the heirs v of these, and all Mexicans
who may hereafter acquire stiid proper
ly by contract, shall enjoy, with respect
to it’ giianthricscfjualiy ample as if the
same belonged to citizens of the United
States/*'
The ninth article of the. treaty is~in
these words: . ■ . V V
“The Mexicans who, in she territory
aforesaid, shall not preserve the char
acter ol" citizens-oft he Mexican Repub
lic, com for middy with \vhat is stipulated
in the preceding article, sliall he incori>
poraied into I lie Union of the United
Stales, nnd be ndmitied at the proper
time, (to be judged of l»y the Congress
of the Uniteil State?,) to the enjoy-
• ment of all the rights of citizens of the
. o-.-J — tothe-priuci-
and
California and New Mexico,
requiring decision.
No government can be established lor
New Mexico, either State or Territory,
until it shall lie first ascertained what
Mexico is, and what nrc her limits and
boundaries. These cannot be fixed or
known, till the line of division between
her and Texas shall be ascertained aud
esiablishecT—and numerous and weigh
ty reasons conspirein my judgment, to
show that this divisional line should be
established by Congress, with the as
sent of the government of Texas.. In
iho first place, this seems by far. the.
most prompt mode of proceeding, by
which the end can be established. If
judicial proceedings were resorted to,
such proceedings would necessarily be
slow, and years would pass by, in all
probability , before ihe controversy could
be ended. So great a delay, in this
case, is to be avoided ifpossible. Such
delay would be every way inconvenient,
and might be the occasion'o! distur
bances and collisions.- For the same
reason, I would, with the utmost de
ference to the wisddm of Congress, ex
press, a doubt of the expediency of the
appointment of commissioners, and of
Dodge, of Wis., Dodge, of Iowa, Doug
las, Ewing, Felch, Hale, Hamlin. Hous
ton, Miller, Norris, Phelps, Seward,
Shields, Smith Spruance, Sturgeon, Un
derwood, Upham, Wales, Walker, Whit
comb, and Winthrop—<J2.
Nays—Atchison, Barnwell, Berrien,
Butler, Clemens, Davis, of Miss., Daw
son, Downs; Foote, Hunter, King, Mor-
i, Pratt, Rusk,Sebastian, Soule, Tar-
ney, and Yulee—18.
Mr. Jefferson Davis rose.
The Senate adjourned.
an exatnination, estimate, and an award,
of Jndcoinlly to be made by them. This
would be but a species of arbitrari"-^
which might Iasi as long*
So far as 1 am able
the case,' ihe general.facts
take the
Executive of Geor
th an act of the last legislatui
w of the people of this State,
What will the people of Georgia assembled in
nventiondd? \Ve must consider this matter—
e crisis has mlmSst Strived, and certainly will.
Will Georgia agree to submit to such outrage and
insult, and thereby tacitly promise to submit to
ny other outrage and insult, that may be heaped
the country by an honest, fair and ingenuous ad-
ocacy of those principles upon the maintainancc
of which he believes the perpetuity of our glorious
i depends. If he has at times been so
far biassed by party predilections as to do injustice
political opponents, it is properly attributable to
rors of the head and not of the heart—for, he
n conscientiously assert, in the most solemn
rms, that it has been hi9 constant aim to advance
e interests of the party with which he acts—(he
ies not belong to any body or any party)—by the
eapons of truth.and fair dealing. While he has
kept in view the great political principles of his
party, he has not been unmindful of the great in
dustrial interests of Georgia, his adopted State,
but has, on all proper occasions, contributed. his
mite to encourage hfer in pushing forward in the
high career of advancement upon w hich she has
so proudly entered with such flattering prospects of
success.
In the fearful contest which now agitates the
country, he could not as a native of “ the sunny
South,” pursue any other course than the one he
adopted. Claiming to possess as broad and nation
al a patriotism as any one else, when a sectional
warfare was waged against the South, he could not,'
consistently with his sense of duty, do otherwise
than defend his own section against the aggressor.
This he has endeavored to do in acalm, dispassion
ate manner—demanding onr constitutional rights,
ithout appealing to the passions—bearing in mind
lat we are still brethren, though somewhat es-
In thus giving an “ account of bis stewardship,’'
he woulddo injustice to his feelings, Were he to fail
to his numerous personal friends bis
heartfelt thanks for their kindness to him. Com'
mongst the people of Georgia in the “firs:
blush of manhood,” friendless anil'unknown, he
ould prove recreant to the noblest sentiments of
the human heart were he to omit an acknowledge
ment of their warm-hearted and generous support
—which wil|^ be cherished as one of the green ( that they will
spots in his memory .if the pa,t. | ly deserve, and, that the, will leant "f.
In this connection, he would return his ac- frowns of the people whom they have so
knowledgments to the brethren of the press gener- I resented, that an unworthy and traitorous
ally for the many courtesies extended hi
1 j 4. Resolced, That we will not agree to any
- | boundary between Texas and New .Mexico which
. .. Mexico any portion of
r J tude and vv«,
j adjustment 6f the ter.
j 5. Resolved, That the representatives of the
j *laveholding States will resist by all usual legisla
tive and constitutional means, the admission of the
I e5,a . ,e °‘ California and the adjustment ol the Tex-
] “s boundary, until a settlement of the territorial
ight bring
We are no disunionist. If the
lutionally preserved, we do t
the sad consequence* that, disu
upon our beloved country, and
Representatives in Congress, may by possibility,
be yet governed by a sufficient sense of justice, us
will avert this issue—but if (hey arc not, there is a
point at which “forbearance ceases to be a virtue,”
and where future and probable evils, may.be out-
weiglied by present and certain ones.
The Senate rejected by decided votes every at-
tempt at amending iho bill, and spurned i
peace-offering of the South ; and we must
fess with deep shame, that some unworthy
of the South were found, so lost to every feeling | hav<
of patriotism, and so bound to the preservation of
their popularity in the Union, and their position in
“great national parties'* as to forsake the inter
ests of their own constituents in the hour of need,
and to cheer on by their aid and votes, ihe plun
derers of Southern rights. Wc hope and believe
Be it further Resolved, That the powers and
s of the Committee of filtcen be continued un-
i of the meeting, and that the
oinmiltee by the concurrence
M's thereof, may at any time
holding States.
lan of tha
neeting ol the representatives ol the slave-
The Wcaihrr.
The Chattanooga Gazelle ofthe 16th inst., says :
On Saturday night last, we had a heavy storm of
wind accompanied by a litjle rain—enough lojay
the dust and cool the atmosphere, but too little to
help the crops, even if they were not beyond re-
demption. In many parts of the country there
has been no rain to do any good Tor months, and
thpcorn crop is almost if not entirely destroyed.—
Some farmers will cut down whole fields of corn,
and dry it for roughness; *
»ml in a majority of
cases there will not be half a crop. A few isolated
farms have had tolerable seasons, bat not nea r
enough corn will be raised for consumption in the
county. Rain now, when we write, (Monday.)
would do but little, if any good for the corn crop'
Such a remarkable drought we do not redollectto
wild.
Pstsiflent Tailor.
On receiving the melancholy intelli
gence of the death of the Chief Magis
trate ol his Republic, the American *
Minister at the Court of St. James is
sued the following circular:
“General Zachary Taylor,President
oftho United States, expired al Wash
ington on the 9th instant, after a' very
brief illness. The intelligence, is too
fearfully Certain to permit me to. await
its official announcement'before inviting
icmber of the ft
more prosperous ami th
big has been.
And now, in conclusion, he hopes that his old
friends, the patrons and readers ofthe Whig, may
enjoy the .good things of this life to a green old
age—be delivered from the “ pains and penalties”
of editorial life—and enjoy an exemption from
that worst of boyria nightmares, an unpaid printer’s
bill. ! Very respectfully,
the public’s ob’d't serv’t,
JOHN H. CHRISTY.
1*. S. The Whig will in future be conducted by
the present proprietors, Messrs. Lam^kih & Adams,
two yonng gentlemen well and favorably known
illy, and' whom I would most cordi-
to the patronage of the public.
Much might be said of the importance of sustain
ing thePresa by a liberal support and prompt pay-
meats, but I have not time or space now to do it.
-
licet iuer.-
The Journal &. Messenger of the 14th -instant,
you to join in” the national sorrow.— contsinsa misstatement with regard
Tariff It l in Infancy lesson, of-pntriol- » f ,l » clarte «“"W *»« i» thi; pl.ee,
ism ; accustomed in yotuii to the .Ian- ; ,wo “^ l * <'»ec, which .honld net p«s
gersof a frontier life—entering the ser
vice of his country it> early manhood—
distingu : shmg hitnself during a life ol
toil, by successive victories gained ““
weeks since, which should
ed. That journal announces that th
S hy Col. Mitchell, approving the address and
ons of the Nashville .Convention,
y an almost unanimous Vote; ' So far from
__.uilnllaw.iuer great utsauvan.ag.a— nau ucn. ,h ' '“t, •r C "‘-
t»f comprehend itiietlinthe army, lie would have lell be- ^
CIS are^wnv aH [ hind Itim fe n bra.e soldier.
tlecidtng on .il, justly and pro^rly now. in execution, of unquestlonetf integrity. >nd ^ ^ £ ■
tl probably would be after tlte report | hpmantly, and patriot,am. Ab.gher rate N „ llville Conf «^‘
• t.o Pnmtni::inn«r: TF lliA of I W21C rflSPrVPd lO film. ILai£CfI tO IflC lieilfl .... ....... * * . ’
•hose Southern men who voted for th
includingthe Senators from Delawan
practically a Southern State, were Belj., of
Tenn., Bektos, of Mo., Houston, of Texas,
Underwood of Ky. Not one Northern inan
found to defend the South—even Cass, the old
hero, of whom we heard so much at our fate
Southern, rights meeting in this place, as a martyi
for the South, he who had “ stood amid the storm
ith the waves dashing wildly around him,” It
ie sake of the dear South—voted in favor of the
The Marietta Helicon, says: From information
ol we can gain, the crops above us are likely to
prove a failure. Gentlemen who have been travel-
ng along the line of the railroad, say that they
i so bad a prospect. In Cass coun-
? is literally burnt up, the bottom
lands themselves presenting a gloomy prospect.—
One gentleman assures us that he saw a fifty acre
field of cotton which, in all probability, would not
produce one bale. A rigid economy and a strict at
tention to the minor products, on the part of our
farms, can alone alleviate the sufferings conse
quent upon an inauspicious season.
T *»e California Press.
By the last arrival f[om California, says, the
Baltimore American, we have received files of
several well-printed newspapers, which go far to
show the rapid advance in solid improvement
which has been made in that embryo State. We
also did Dickinson, Douglas, Bright, and j ma y n *me the “Daily Placer Times,” of Sacra-
every other lover of the. South, among ibe democ- j' ,ncn, _ 0 . City; the “ Sacramento Transcript,” priot-
racy of the North. j ed at the same place; the “ San Francisco Her-
i ! aid,” published at the city whose name it bears ;
Tl»e Crowing crops. the “Alta California,” of San Francisco; the
During the past week, we met a number of far-j “ D™ 1 ? p * cific News,” printed at thesame place;
mers from the counties of Greene, Oglethorpe and I and last > though by no means the leaat worthy of
Clarke, and we received a very gloomy account of notice ’ the “California Courier,” the first number
the condition of the growing cotton and corn crops of wbich was Usued at San Franci ‘ co » b J Messrs,
parts of these counties. Crane & Rice, on the 1st of July. The papers
The late*drought succeeding the .heavy m
June, has caused the cotton plant to shed its squares
an«f bolls, jp.a manner almost.unprecedented, and
isstatement with regard to theiaetion .rtiuch of tlfc-opening cotton, is imperfectly
ed. ^Jt was Ihfe opinion of those w : e conversed
with, that not more than ft fourth crop would be
grbwn, generally; and that a half crop is as much
i can be hoped for, with a Very favorable
all well printed, but the latter has been gotten
jp in a style of neatuess that would, on comparison,
put to blush those papers that were in existence
in the Atlantic States years before California warn
thought of as American territory. The “ Courier’*
remaining in
ng a space of
Wie corn crop iffthe upper,
i some of the conntfes shove u
t of Clarkfe.and
rpajt of Cl
e'o^is very _
promises an abbndant yield; but in the lower part
and in the surrounding counties, an average croj
will not be ^udij,
s contains the list of fetters
he San Francisco post-office^co'
The population of California is estimated by
t-'l 21,000, of Which num-
the “California Conner'’ t
. longer •<uiler tlm ( m>tedi|ui «7|* any i, U main, itierefore. o» the face
lawful authority, ;ne to liei reganl- these treaty stipulation?, that nil Me*.-, .
, 1 merely P*. . r 15 :,, “1 " ithin ^stabli«hc«l in the territories north j <
jurb »tl***'' »jb?tra«a.lor east ^ ; -
the attention of our readers
IIonfledb, in to-days- paper.
._ , T _ . . . - a , g us well recommended as a
•surrentier of ihat claim. In a case like ed will* a firnines?, a sense of justice, teacher of “ New and Improved Drawing, from ** 1 n0rlJl ®rn work.
$ surrounded" as jl.is by .many cogent ( .and a patriotic tlevotfon to the honor. Nature/* “ Coloring, Mathematical and isometri-
*** a./CAXHoro-xSixTOx.-Ah.-
ever seen, apd will favorably compare with the , K _ „ , . . ■ _
best northern work! ' j to (ton II. 5W1I. collector of ti, port
v ,, , >v . ^ of New .York, to a gentleman‘in that city, from
- r . --- r -----—— r- —;r»ai -r 'Ti. ■ < • • . •'%<?*'!' • - * .•••'• . „ ■ . - . , «■%** r. . .. . - ' BIT Several-persons were seriouslv injured xt the wreek. of the Elizabeth, states' that the statne
lahlidied in the territories north | cousider.ilions, nH calling for amicable and true interests of his country, which cal Perspective,”and designs to remain here fora] Macon lately by being under an awnhig- which ‘of Mr/Calhouu has been discovered, and that it
of the line of Vlcmarkutiun^ al-l adju-iirteni and iimncdinlc s^ttlftnctit, won for him an unlimttcd'ConStfcncc at afwrt-ume. • ^ ” • wa« smashed by the parapet wall Mowing down. * will be'redeemed without iujury frorti the ocean..
We saw a few days since a beautiful Buggy j
manufactured; by the Messrs. Hodgson of. this j
place, which yas built with the intention of being: ‘
] let, 1819 5 35.000 are foreigners, and 71,000'.
Americans. The number of persons who return-
led by the Pacific mail meamefe,'from April 1st,
! 1849, to June 1st, 1850, was 3,173.
tr The Coffin used. at the Taylor solemnities
r , „ ; „ . Yo, ^’ P *” on . Saturday last, was «sed fa£a
exhibited at the Fair,at Atlanta, but owing to a j similar purpose in l&ob, when Gen. Washington
press ol workwaa Dot finished .in time. ltis one | died ' '
ofthe r
mwsasfa&i