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may most effectually coutribute to the*good ofthe whole. Resolved, By the Senate and House of Representatives, of the United States of America, in Congress as sembled, two-thirds of both houses , oncurring, that the following be pro posed as an amendment to the Con stiution of the United States, which when ratified by the Legislatures of three-fourths of the several states, shall be a part of said Constitution. The Congress shall have power to appropriate money for constructing roads and canals, for improving river and coast navigation, and for promo- colonization, and the libelfPand useful arts; the money to be paid to such agents, and for such of these objects, as the States respec tively, and Congress, for tbe District of Columbia, shall by law direct, and in parts proportioned to their Con stitutional Census To make surveys cfcoasts, rivers, and road and canal routes ; to con struct roads ami canals tor urgent purposes of military, commercial, or mail communication: to establish a na tional university, securing to each state a just portion of its advantages; and to offer and distribute prizes for promoting agriculture, education, science, and the liberal and useful arts. Domestic. The Hon. Josiah Quincy has been re-elected Mayor of Boston by near ly a unanimous vote. General Gaines left Ncvv-York, on Thursday last, to take command of the Western Department. About 100,000 yards of cloths of various descriptions, were shipped at N. York, on board a vessel, which has just sailed from that port, and which are intended as donations to Greek women and children. The total of the cotton crop of the T . States, for the year ending Oct. 1, 1325, is said to be 569,249 bales, be ing an increase of 60,091 bales on the crop of the preceding year. Walter Lowrie, of Pensylvania, was yesterday elected to be Secreta ry of the Senate ofthe United States, for the 19th Congress.— Nat. Int. The Knoxville Register of the 2d ult. informs us that the Engineers which the General Government has sent into the state of Tennessee, arc delighted with the road from Knox ville to Calhoun, which they describe as presenting advantages equal, if not superior, to any in the world, for the construction of a road. Should they be as well satisfied with the other parts of the route, after they quit the limits of Tennessee, it is confidently expected that the great road will passthrough that State. Mr. Blair, one of the Representa tives in Congress from that State, offered a joint resolution on Tues day, on the subject of directing those Engineers to fix,on a situation for the erection of a national armoury in the Western Waters, and to report during the present session. Maj. Gen. Gaines has arrived at Washington from the Indian Terri tory. While he was at Richmond, the Governor of Virginia presented to him,'in the Council Chamber, a sword voted to him by the General Assembly, on the 12th of February, 1816, in acknowledgement of his bravery and good conduct in the bat tle of Erie, Aug. 15, 1814. Speech es were made, of course, appropriate to the occasion. Washington City, Dkc. 21. We understand that the Senate yesterday confirmed, without divi sion, the appointment of Mr. Rufus King, as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Great Britain, and of Mr. John A. King, as Secretary of Legation.— Nat. Jour. Mr. Counsellor Sampson, late of New-York, and Mr. Talbot, late S-nalor from Kentucky, were yes terday admitted to the Bar in this city, by the Circuit Court of the U. States for this District, which is now in session. lb. The Knoxville Register, of the Bth instant, informs us that Colonel Williams has accepted the appoint ment of Charge d’Affaircs to Guate mala, or rather to Central America. Col. Williams is on his way to the scat of government, and may be hourly expected. lb. A Hill offered in the Legislature of South-Carolina, giving the ejec tion of Governor and Lieutenant Go vernor to tde people, introduced by Mr. 11. 1,. Pinckney, was rejected l’> a vote of 83 to 18. Ik. Cities. —The villages of Buffalo, fc Rochester, Utica, and Brooklyn, will petition the legislature this winter, | ,O be incorporated as Cities. Our ''"'tern villages are getting quite / 'J m otious ; and modestly intimate I ‘| a the unassuming title of village i' s an id grace, and should ab « 1 1 n ln HVor of the more dignified 121-e M° nos C,TV ' Wesh « n -Vet I ic* . . ors Aldermen suffi -l_ ICnt to honor a good dinner, in any Sixteen vessels left Buffalo har bor, on the 21st nit, with full car goes, for the various ports on Lake Erie ! Suppose that someone had predicted this fifteen years ago ? We should have said, to the hospital with him ! —A'. F.. Paper. The canal boat Seneca Chief, which left Buffalo on the opening of the Canal, Oct. 26th, for New York, and took part in the grand canal cele bration, arrived at Buffalo on her return, Nov. 24th, bringing among other treasures from the sea coast a keg of the water of the Atlantic, which was presented by the corpo ration of the city of New _York. The said salt water ; on the 25th with the ceremony of aprocession of ladies and gentlemen, music, an ora tion and nine cheers, was poured in to Lake Erie. Application is to be made to the Legislature of New-York, to incorpo rate the Printers’ Bank in that city, with a capital of $ 500,000. [Ser. Georgian Anew work is announced entitled “ “The last of the Mohichans, a nar rative of 1757,” by Mr, Cooper, au thor of the Pioneers, &c. [Aug- Chron- It is said that the excess of reve nue ofthe United States, has indu ced the members of the present Con gress to speak of a reduction ofthe duties on such articles as Tea, Col fee, Wine, Cocoa and salt.— lbid. The Raleigh Register says “coun terfeit Twenty dollar notes on the State Bank of North Carolina are in circulation, and said to be well exe cuted.” The Editor of the Eastport (Me.) Sentinel offers, for the best New- Year’s Address, a copy of Selleck Osborn’s Poems—for the second best, the poems of Savage—and for the third best, the/ierwsa/ of Scott’s Family Bible, Bunyan’s Holy War, and Pilgrim’s Progress. There are now supported in the town of Exeter, N. H. thirty-four in dividuals, the united ages of twelve of whom amount to 961 years, mak ing an average of 80 years. The age of the oldest of this number is 93, and that of the youngest 70. If to this number be added eleven more, the aggregate of whose ages is 541, it will produce an average of 65 years. Tbe aggregate amount of the ages of the whole number sup ported by the town, is 1609, the ave rage of which is 47. Eight of the 34 are under the age of eight years. The Corporation of William’s Col lege, at their last commencement, conferred the degree of D. I), on Rev. Samuel H. Cox, of New-York. That gentleman has refused to re ceive the degree, and published a letter in the New-York Observer, in which lie condemns the practice of conferring literary degrees a “ fabric of theological foppery, and dotage, and disparagement, that does real harm, hut no imaginable good; un less it be good to help pride, envy, and worldly magnificence, into the places of consecrated affinity and hallowed relation.” Mr. Cox ap pears to he strangely insensible to the honors of the church ! He is not willing to be “ Stuck o’er with titles, and hung round with strings.” The length of the Union Canal, in Pennsylvania, when finished, will be 78 miles. The eastern section from Reading to near Lebanon, a distance of 40 miles, is nearl completed, with the exception of the works at the eastern extremity to connect it with the Schuylkill, which are expected to be finished next spring The wa ter for the principal part of this sec tion is drawn from the Tulpehockan river, a branch of the Schuylkill.— The lockage onthis section is 278 1-2 feet, in 53 locks. The sum of $524,- 979, has been expended on this sec tion, averaging about $13,000 to a mile. The locks are of various lifts, aud cost $650 per foot. The taxes in North Carolina the last year, produced the following sums, viz. the Land Tax $26,111, Poll Tax 26,655 ; Stud Horse tax, I,663;—Gate tax 150; Store tax, 6,177; Pedlar tax 1,532; Natural Curiosity tax, $272; Artificial Cu riosity tax, 84; Billiard table tax 2.350 ; Tax on licenses for the retail of spirituous liquors by the small measure 3,272 ; Auction tax, 653 and Bank tax 13,237. A bill has passed in the Kentucky House of Representatives, to repeal the act of the last session, establish ing anew Court of Appeals, and the act giving the judges a salary of $2, 000, and to reduce the salary of the judges, which was formerly $ 1,500, to 1,200. This bili passed by a vote of 58 to 37. A semi-weekly Journal on an en tirely new plan has been recently es tablished in the city of Boston, under the title of the American Traveller : ami in connection with this paper, is issued, once in two months, a Stage Register, ie - mi which is thus communicated by the Traveller is of a character interest ing to every individual, giving not only the distances between towns, &c. but the various modes of con veyance, and the fares charged in the different stages, in the states of New-England and New-York. In dependent, however, of this main feature in the character of this Jour nal, it is inferior to none in the mul titude and judicious description of its selections, and in the general aspect of its - editorial department. The price ofthe paper is five dollars per annum, including the Stage Regis ter, which is, of itself, a sufficient consideration for the subscription money.— Nat. Jour. New-York, Dec. 16. —A large par ty of Gentlemen w ere yesterday con veyed on board the new frigate, or 64 gun ship, built by Mr. Eckford, for the South American market. They w'crc specially invited to view an additional specimen of American enterprise and workmanship, and the steamboat Bolival was in readi ness at Courtlandt-street wharf, to carry the visiters to the ship, which lay off in the North River. Among them were Commodore Chauncey, and the Navy officers on the sta tion ; and she was pronounced to he the finest vessel of her class built in this port, and carrying a hea vy battery. The party (lined on board, and were entertained in a hospitable manner, and took their departure highly gratified. There were, it is said, 200 present. The government of South Ameri ca, in creating a navy, have acted wisely in thus purchasing first rate ships, built in a substantial and work manlike manner, and paying a pro per price, in preference to throwing away their money on old hulks,which become useless in a short time, and do no credit to them. Cahawba, (Ala.) Dec. 17. Our readers will perceive from the perusal of the journals of our legislature, that the seat of govern ment has been removed to Tuscaloo sa This was a subject which ex cited considerable interest and dis cussion—but which is now set at rest, at least for a season. One very strong ground urged by the advo cates of the bill was, that its pas sage was connected with tbe inter est and advantage of the north— that it was strictly a party question of the north and south, and that as the north had the power, they ought to exercise it.— Press. Circulation of Intelligence.—Step ping into the City Post Office on Tuesday evening, and observing how large a number of free letters were put up for one mail, w hich the clerks were in the act of despatching, we had the curiosity to enquire how many such letters had been despatch ed from that office during the last week. The Chief Clerk took the trouble to add up the numbers which had been mailed at that office during the week ending on Tuesday the 13th inst. and the aggregate really surprised even us, who had some op portunity of knowing the extent of the correspondence between this city and the various points of the interior, especially during the Session. The whole number thus despatched dur ing the week, was thirty three thou sand eight hundred and twelve. In the packing aud wrapping up the mails, about one hundred and twenty quires of large cartridge paper have been consumed. In addition to this labor, immense mails from the North the South and the West, are receiv ed, assorted, and distributed, daily, at this office ; besides several others of less importance during the week. Nat. Intelligencer. IMPORTANCE OF THE MAILS. We extract from the Nashville Republican, of the 12th of Novem ber, the following judicious observa tions on the importance, to all clas ses of the community, of a safe, spee dy and regular transportation of the mails : There is nothing morp important to a free and commercial people, than the regular and unobstructed transmission of intelligence from one part of the country to another. This is as necessary, perhaps, to the health and prosperity of the body politic, as the even and uniform cir culation of the blood is to the sanity of tbe human system. It is highly important in a social and political point of view ; we feel a very slight regard for a people with whom we have little or no communication : human nature is so constituted, that the chain which connects men to gether, will have to be very often brightened, by intercourse of some sort, to preserve its strength and tension. But it is not merely im portant as a bond of Union to the States; it imparts life and vigor to commercial operations; it gives prompt and early information of the markets, and thereby prevents in a great measure, the planter and the merchant from being affected by their fiuctuations. Hence is deduc ed the policy of constructing roads and cutting canals, which are effi cient auxiliaries to the attainment of these objects. We, likewise, have to complain of Georgia is as far removed from us us the most remote part of the union. With several editors of that State we exchange papers; and instances are not unfrequent, of the interven tion of a month between the publica tion of their numbers, and their re ception here. We generally look to the Virginia papers for information in regard to the local politics of that state. 0O”We look to the Post-Master General, for a remedy of this evil. THOMAS JEFFERSON. The following letter, from this il lustrious man, shows how entirely he retains to old age, the fire of pat riotism and the faculties of the mind. It ought to be made public, were it only as an incentive to the preserva tion ofthe memorials of the Revo lution which are to be found in the private correspondence of the lead ing men of that age.— Nat. Int. Monticei.eo, Nov. 29, 1825. I thank you, Sir, for the copy you have been so kind as to send ine, of the Life of your Grandfather, Richard Henry Lee. I shall read it with great pleasure ; fora dictum of Virgil taught us, long ago, the truth “ juvat renovare dolores.” Although the times were trying, we look back to them with satisfaction. Your grandfather was indeed a great man, and acted a great part in those awful scenes, and he is fortunate in having a descendant capable of mak ing known his merits to the genera tions which shall feel their benefits. You have set, too, an excellent ex ample in depositing his valuable cor respondences with the American Philosophical Society.—lt is most desirable that this example should be generally followed ; for the true history of tbe Revolution, its secret springs, private*passions, their influ ence ana effect on tbe public transac tions, can never be truly known un til those hoards of private correspon dence be given to the public. With my thanks be pleased to accept the assurance of my greatest esteem and respect. THOS. JEFFERSON. To Richard 11. Lee, Esq. The following description of the funeral of Commodore M’Donougli, is contained in a letter from Middle ton, dated Doc. 4. “Although you have, undoubted ly, witnessed much that was imposing in the honors paid to the remains of our much lamented friend, Capt. M’- Donough, at New York, you can, I think, but faintly realize the solem nity which attended the performance of his funeral obsequies here. In consequence of some fractureof her machinery, the Commerce did not arrive here until Saturday morning ; the corpse was immediately convey ed to the deserted mansion house of the deceased ; and there was indeed a melancholy propriety in deposing it in that hall,where, but a few months since, we assembled to pay our last respects to all that remained of “ her he loved best.” The day was re markably fine, and formed a sad con trast to the gloom which pervaded every countenance. A large con course of people, among whom were a great number of clergymen,collect ed from this and the neighbouring towns, to join in the solemnities of the occasion, The funeral service was read by the Right Rev. Bishop Brownell, first at his house, and af terwards at the Presbyterian Church, to which the body was removed. A procession was then formed, consist ing of a detachment of Cadets, un der the command of Captain Par tridge, with their banner and staff’ of office tied with crape; Clergymen and Physicians—the corps borne by eight carriers—the Pall Bearers, wearing scarfs ; Mourners; Officers of the Navy; Freemasons; Milita ry Companies ; Citizens ; &c. to the Episcopal Church, thence to the old Burying Ground, where the body was interred with remains of bis de parted wife and children. A prayer by the Bishop, and three rounds from the Cadets, closed the ceremonies o the day. “ This morning (Sunday) an ap propriate discourse, containing a just and discriminate eulogy upon the character of the Christian Hero, w r as delivered in the Episcopal Church, by Bishop Brow nell, from the follow ing text : “ It is good to go to the house of mouring, for the living will lay it to heart.” Savannah. Dec. 22. JF.NCKES’ CANAL. We are happy to be enabled to state, that De Witt Clinton, jun. Esq employed to survey the route of Jenkes’ Canal, may be looked for daily. We were shewn a letter re ceived from him last night, dated 11th inst. in which he says he has taken passage, with the necessary instruments, in the ship Savannah, which would leave New-York about the end of last week.— Georgian. The New-York American says— “ If we arc correctly informed, the French Government have recently come to the conclusion absolutely to reject the claims of our merchants for indemnification: and this conclu- From tbe National Journal. \Ve have, in a former number, no ticed the excellent Message of Go vernor Pickens, of Alabama, charac terized by its calm and dignified tem per, and its correct views of the cir cumstances of the times. It will he remembered that in this Message, the subject of an amendment of the con stitution, as regards the election of President and Vice-President, is re commended to the attention of the Legislature. The remarks with which this subject is concluded dis play so striking a contrast to the i’ury and intemperate language of some of the recent productions of he press, on the subject of the late presidential election, that we cannot resist the impulse by which we arc argued to quote them. “In objecting (saysthe Governor) to the exercise of the power of se lection by the House of Representa tives, I must be understood distinctly as giving no countenance or credit to any unworthy allusions to recent c vents. The exercise of this power however pure, is liabl to suspicions and criminations which are reproach ful to the nation and to its worthiest public agents.,’ STATE BANK OF NORTII-CAROLINA. The following Statement of Ex pose ofthe State Bank of North-Ca rolina, was transmitted to the Legis lature, by the Public Treasurer, a few days ago : Specie, 343,560 07 Foreign Notes, Bills of Exchange and Foreign Bank cre dits, 303,669 53 Bondaand Notes Discounted,in cluding ten thousand and se venty-live dollars Stock, 2,766,749 50 Due by the State for Stock un paid, 83,906 11 Interna! Bills, 30,622 25 Real Estate, to wit: Banking Houses and Lots, and Lands, taken to secure debts, 152,588 16 $ 3,681,395 67 Capital Stork, 1,600,000 00 Notes in circulation, 1,598,673 00 Due to Foreign Banks, 23,382 02 Deposits, 294,407 49 Profits (subject to dividend) and losses on Debts and Banking Houses, 164,933 16 $ 3.631,395 67 State Bank of North-Carolina, ) Raleigh, 22d Nov. 1825. ) WM. H. HAYWOOD, Cashier. RAIL-ROADS. A late English paper furnishes the following valuable information on the subject of an improved Rail-road Carriage, which will be perused with interest and satisfaction by every friend to the Internal Improvement of this country : Improved Rail-read Carriages. — The great obstaclo to Rail-roads is the enormous expense of levelling the line along which the Railway is to be 'carried, and also of carrying the path of the Railway nearly in a direct line; because the carriages hitherto constructed for Rail-roads, have not been able to drag a weight, except upon a level, or nearly level path, and have not been able to de viate in any considerable degree from the straight line. The Birmingham papers inform us of a most impor tant invention, by which, if it prove successful, this great obstacle will be removed. It is an invention of a steam carriage, which dragging a w eight is able to ascend upon a Rail-way an elevation of 440 feet in a mile, with perfect ease, and also to turn angles deviating from the straight line 1 1-2 inch in tbe yard. The inventor is a W. 11. James, of Birmingham. His models have been exhibited. They are on a considerable scale, the Rail way being 100 feet in length. The ascent from I lie level, and the devia tion from the straight line arc ex pressed above. On this scale the models have performed with perfect success. Mr. James estimates the saving in the expense of laying down the line between Birmingham and Li verpool at fully two-thirds, and the saving of time requisite, for laying down the road he considers will be much greater than that. We are almost transcribing from the Birming ham paper, and cannot, of course, speak of our ow n knowledge of that which we have not seen. If, how ever, there be any truth in the prin ciples of this invention, its impor tance is very obvious. Even on the present calculation of the expense of constructing Railways between pla ces, where the intercourse is very great, as between Liverpool and Manchester, it is confidently expect ed that a saving, not of time only, but even of charge will accrue to the public from the mode of conveyance. But if the great expense of the con struction of Railways, namely, the levelling the line in which they are to pass, can, by the new invention, be diminished two-thirds or one-half, the saving to the public in the charge of tho conveyance of goods would be certain, and at the same time there would disappear nearly all the opposition which the country gentry have thrown in the way of the Rail ways ; for as a direct line would ao longer be necessary, it would not be | difficult, by slight deviations, to ac-| commodate the humor, tastes. nrL ROBERTS’ FIRE-PROTECTING SAFE* TY-HOOD. Tins ingenious contrivance is in tended to efwible persons to enter buildings on fire, tor the purpose of rescuing lives and property, and also for working in dangerous atmos pheres, inseparable from some man ufacturing processes. The hood is constructed so as to enable the wear er to inhale the lowest, and conse quently the purest air, in an apart ment tilled with smoke or sulphu rous vapour. It is a soft leathern case, well lined, covering the whole head, and drawing close round the neck, and from a projection to re ceive the nose and mouth, an elastic tube descends to (he ground, at the end of which is a tin case, in the shape of an inverted funnel or cone in which a large piece of sponge, wet with soap (or alkali) and water is fixed, and over this, forming the lid or bottom ol the cone, a piece of llan ncl. There are glass goggles for the eyes, projected from the face some little distance by stuffing inside, as they of course acquire very conside rable heat. The air respired through the sponge is drawn from the bottom of the apartment, and is purified of a noxious mixture of suffocating air or gas. There is also a vent-hole, secured with a cork over the nose, through which the superfluous air drawn in may be allowed occasional ly to escape, to admit of a fresh draught through the sponge below, it is evident that with such an in strument or proboscis, a man may walk about and secure property, or save lives, in rooms filled with the blinding, suffocating smoke of tim ber, &c. for some time ; and its utili ty, were its use encouraged amongst firemen and others, would be incal culable. On Wednesday an experi ment was made with it by the author himself, at the engine house of the. Norwich Union Fire Office, Seel street, in which a large wood fire was kindled for the occasion, and the place tilled with dense smoke. Ro berts went in with the hood on. p»t threw pounds of sulphur upon the fire, which increased the heat and the suffocating quality ofthe smoke, and he remained in, without inconveni ence, for some minutes Shortly af ter, he went in again, along with a fireman, and remained fifteen mi nutes, the heat rising rapidly during their stay, from 140 to 182 degrees. They came out uninjured, though, it may be supposed, considerably heat ed, the metal about them being so warm that the naked hand could scarcely bear the touch. Roberts’ the inventor of the hood, was em ployed as a miner in the neigh bourhood of Bolton. The irnpor portance of this invention, has been acknowledged by the Society of Arts, who presented him with a silver medal and 501. and his Majesty’s ap probation has been munificently ex pressed by a present of 100/. CAUTION. AI.I. persons are hereby forwarned from cutting or removing any timber, or in any manner occupying or building on Lot No. 199, District Bth, now Pike county, as the law will be rigidly enforefd against all transgressors. The above described I.ot is FOR SALE, apply to the Subscriber, or to Joseph Brantly, of Jones county. BENJAMIN BRANTLY. Jan. A. 3t COUNCIL, No. 3. 01' Royal and Select Masters, is duly on ganized, and bolds its regular Assem bly, at the Masonic Hall, in Clinton, on the third Saturday of each and every month, at carlv candle light. By order of JAMES KIVLIN, T. I. G. M. TIIOS. C. M’DOWELL, Jan. 3, 5826, Recorder. FIVE DOLLARS REWARD Runaway from the sJKr Subscriber, living five miles jklLc? from Clinton, on the road leading to Lewis’ ferry, on *he Oakmulgee river, on the night of the 6th Nov»m --y ber, a Negro Woman mm , ed MARIA, about 22years .'afar, of age, and of dark com plexion. It is believed that she has made her way to Jasper county. Any person securing her in any jail so that I can get ber again, or by delivering her to me, shall receive the above reward. JAMES FINNEY. Dec. 27, 3tNo2 AT THIS.«£^ THE Subscribers will take Dari en Money at par, for Goods, of which they have on hand an ele gant assortment, suitable for the sea son. B. HEPBURN & Cos. Dec. 20, MRS. JULI/S SCHOOL