Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

GEORGIA STATESMAN. by BURRITT & MEACHAM. |XIIE GEORGIA STATESMAN lihlishcd weekly at the Seat of Govcrn opposite the State-House Square, at l r t Dollars per ann. in advance, ■t.lrertisemcwts inserted at the usual rates. K R. Sales of land and negroes, by Ad ■nj-trators, Executors, or Guardians, are 1 by law, to be IvUt on the first Tuss- I the month, between the hours of ten B!|. fgrenoon, and three in the afternoon, ■Jv court house of the county in which the L„ rtv is situate. Notice of these sales I,;, be giren in a public Gazette SIXTY K's previous to the day of sale. Ityrfiee of the sale of personal property But b< given in like manner, FORTY days ■nous to the day of sale. ■Notice to the debtors and creditors of an ■i;.j must lie published for FORTY days. ■Notice that application «ill bo made to ■ Court of Ordinary for leave to sell land, ■ st be published for NINE MONTHS. ■ REPORT the Secretary of the Treasury, H on the state, of the Finances, Q [Concluded from our last.] ■ The debentures issued during the Hrue first quarters of the present ■,ir, amounted to $4,489,710 29. is more, by 1,537,710 9.9, than H;;.e issued during the corrcspond- H : period of the preceding year. — Hi amount of those outstanding on He 30th of September last, and Hargeable upontho revenue of 1826. H 1,858,316 04, which is more, H 854,31 •> 61. than was chargeable H the same day in 1324 upon the H venue of 1825. ■ Tiie amount ofhond- in suit on the Hn3 ot September last, was $2.987,- HIT 22, which is {‘2,791 98 more than Has m suit on the same day in the Hair preceding. ■ Deducting from the forcgoingstaU - Huts of the conclusions and proba- Hiities that may at present seem ■ irrnntable, the receipts for 1826 Ho estimated as follows, viz : Iran customs, $'24,000,000 ■ublic lands, 1,000,000 ■auk dividcuds, 38.5,000 ■ii«ccllancous and incidental ■ receipts, 115,000 nn aggregate of 25,500,000 ■lre expenditures of the year ■ are estimated as follows, liz: miscellaneous and diplo ■ matic, 2,032,151 6y Hlilitarv service, including for ■ tificationo, ordnance, Indian ■ department', revolutionary & ■ military pensions, arming ■ the militia, and arrearages I prior to the Ist of Jan. 1817, 5,525,603 55 ■ aval service, including the I gradual increase of the Navy 3,026,612 IS ■ Public debt, 10,00ft,000 00 ■liking together, 20,504,730 02 Which will leave in the Trca- I . ury on the 31st of Deeem- I bar, 1826, after satisfying all I the, and. mands of that year, a B surplus estimated at 4,015,269 98 ■ If Ihe remark ho entitled to any Bttention, that the recent alterations B. the British laws of trade have af- Brtcd the importations into the 1. Blatcs during the existing year, by ■creasing their ad valorem amount, ■ ought not to create surprise if the Baiun of importations in 182 G should Bd! below those of 1825; because, ■'limiting that these laws served, on ■heir first promulgation, to enhance Biie price of certain enumerated com ■nudities in the markets of Europe, ■ is not probable that this effect ol Blum will he eit her extensive or per- Bminent. One of their main prnvi ■-> is known to consist in a rodur.- ■iuiqof the duties upon ;i list of art i- 1 Blcs manufactured in the different Bemitries in Europe, as well as in Britain. But the most important ai- Bicles of this list were already so Bhoroughly established in the manu ■artories of Britain, as to he beyond Bc> reach of competition from abroad. ■ lento the privilege of introducing ■ hern ithere, and especially to any Barge extent, (meaning for consump ■i'm in Britain, without here alluding ■" lier warehousing system,) must ■rove in the end to lie nominal ra ■ ’:er than real. Among the list are B'l'n fabrics of woollen, of cotton, of ■men, of hardware; and the new ■rale of duties is to have added to ■ hem, in every case, the amount of ■>nv internal excise duty previously ■ xisting, or which may At any time Biftrrwards lie imposed, upon the |tho same articles when,manufactured | ln England. The forecast of that ■country, in all that relates to the in- Iferests of her manufactures, justifies ■ the belief, that she will not fail to ■ conciliate the continued protection lof them with whatever other abro gations she may engraft upon her commercial code, either in relation to the other nations of the World, or to her own dependencies, in whatever part of it. It 1 as been seen how largely the exportation of our manufactures, du ring the past year, has exceeded the exportations of the two years [ire ceding. It may be added, that in no previous year since the founda tion ol the government, has the ex portation of American manufactures reached qa amount at all approach- ing to that of 1825. This i- known from official documents as far hack a:, *BO3, and no doubt can he enter tained of its being true for thp re mainder of the period. This fact, in conjunction with the increasing con sumption of these manufactures at home, and not less of their improv ing quality,gives gratify ingassurance of the progress of this most impor tant branch of the national industry. It may be considered as marking the commencement of an epoch in the national resources, since an intimate connexion is believed to exist be tween the full encouragement and success of domestic manufactures, anti the wealth, the power, and the happiness of the country. The U. States would.it is thought, overlook what is due to the essential interests of their agriculture, which ran never reach the full point of prosperity but under the constant and vuriotys de mand of the home market ; of their foreign commerce, which can never expand to its full limit of activity, or reap its full measure of riches, but with tec aids of an active home trade, and of an export trade enhanced in its value by being diversified in its objects; of the exuberance of their soil, yielding the best materials for so many of the fabrics which con duce to the wants, the comforts, and the refinements of the social state; of the industry, the enterprize, the frugality of their people ; of the un rivalled equality of their lav/s, w hich, interdicting exclusive rights and mo nopolies, invites the most energetic exertions of every individual in the field of competition ; and, finally, of the advantages flowing from the ab sence ol pecuniary exactions by the hands of government, upon the internal product and labour of the country—it they do not vigorously uphold the manufactures of the coun try, now, for the first time appear ing to be on the eve of striking root. It is a commencement that deserves every seasonable improvement. The territorial size and fertility of a coun try depend upon nature or upon ac cident. Botli the one and the other may exist upon the largest scale, but in vain, it a provident government do not second these gills; whilst na tions destitute of them, and strug gling against positive obstacles of nature, are seen to arrive, through th; wisdom of their policy, at the heights of prosperity and renown.- so give perfection to the industry of a country rich in the gifts of nature, and blessed in the bcriifirence of its government; to draw out its obvious resources, and seek constantly for new ones, ever ready to unfold them selves to diligent inquiry urged cn by adequate motives ; to augment the number and variety of occupa tions for its inhabitants ; to hold out to every degree of labour and to every modification of skill its appro priate object and inducement: these rank amongst the highest ends of le gislation. To organize the whole labour of a country, to entice into its wiriest ranges its mechanical and in tellectual capabilities, instead of suf fering them to slumber; to call forth, wherever hidden, latent ingenuity, giving to effort activity, and to emu lation ardor ; to create employment for the greatest amount of numbers, by adapting it to the diversified fa culties, propensities, anil situations of men, so that every particle of abi lity, every shade of genius, may come into requisition, is, in other words, to lilt up the condition of a country, to increase its fiscal energy, to multiply ihe means and sources of its opu lence, to imbue it with the elements of general as well as lasting strength and prosperity. It is in the destiny ot nations that tlie highest points of advancement are not to bo arrived at, but through the complicated, yet harmonious action of these elements. That extensive and flourishing man ufactures, with the train ot useful arts allied to them, tend to propel na tions in this onward course, is a max im believed to be enforced by the best lights of experience, and to be of peculiar application to the United States, under the present circumstan ces ot their interior and external condition By » flourishing state of manufactures, wc shall rising, up a new class of capitalists, rivalling, in the. extent and usefulness of their operations, and in the amount of their gains, the wealthiest of our merchants; spreading, too, by the education and habits for which their pursuits, when largely conducted, make a call, useful knowledge and science, w herever those pursuits con centre. By a flourishing state of ma nufactures, we shall saethe gains of the merchant augmentented even in his trade of imports, since for every foreign fabric excluded from con sumption by the ultimate use of the rival fabric at home, other fabrics will find their way to us, consump tion having no limits but the. ability to buy, and this ability invariably in MILLEDGEVILLE, TUESDAY, JANUARY 21, 1826. creasing as home manufactures as sume variety and attain perfection. It is then that they create and diffuse wealth, by what is the only true foundation of it in a nation; the uni versal, subdivided, and successful in dustry of the people It is then that they make a call for an abundant circulating medium, by quickening tiie operations of purchase and sale- It is then that they attract the pre cious metals to a country, and, be yond any other power of retention, keep there. By numerous manufac tures, we shall see agriculture, the first pillar in the State, stand firm ; for when they shall have raised up new capitalists, w ho so sure to niain tam profitable dealings with them as the owner of the soil ? For thffWel? l ' sures that covers its surface and that lie beneath it, he is then sure to find a market, both regular and growing, whatever the political or mercantile vicissitudes at a distance; and as sure to buy at cheap rates the fabrics that he wants, cheapness being the necessary consequence of full com petition among a pow erful class of artizans at home. By numerous ma nufactures, in fine, we shall sec rear ed up in the State that additional pillar, which, standing in the middle, is indispensable to the stability of the other two; for the State must he in a false position, lying perpetually at the mercy of extrinsic events, when reposing only upon foreign commerce and agriculture. The great inter mediate interest, strengthening and upholding both the others, is Manu factures. \\ hen, to the complete es tablishment of these, the Internal Improvement of the country shall have been superadded, the farmer of the United States cannot but per ceive that the measure of his pros perity is made potentially full. Dis couraging distances between himself and his customers exist no longer.— Through the wisdom of art, the ob stacles of nature disappear. He sees, combined with the advantages of a country of almost boundless extent and capacity of production, the fa cilities of quick intc rcourse, which compensate to small countries the want of these advantages. He secs time anticipated in the effective aug mentation of cur numbers ; for, as with machinery in manufactures, so with canals and good highways : they change the relative weakness of a thin and scattered, into the activity and power of a condensed popula tion, thereby, exemplifying the high est wisdom of legislation; the noblest works of government, guided by the intelligence, and stimulated by the energy of freedom. In giving the.se opinions in favor of domestic manufactures, it is known that other opinions exist on this sub ject, claiming the support of distin guished names both at home and abroad. lor these opinions, as they have from time to time been wit nessed in the discussions of the le gislative hall at home, the utmost deference is felt. Nevertheless, it is deemed proper to communicate wiili candour those contained in this report, deliberately weighed as they have been, and uttered, as they also arc, under the obligations of official duty. In the submission of plans for the improvement of the public reve nue, none occur more likely to prove salutary than those that look to the fostering of manufactures, under ihe truth, that in the multiplied produc tions ot nature and art, in a country, the result of industry and skill every where diffused, lie the Lest and only foundations of finance. When the people of a country are universally and profitably employed, tho aggre gate ot individuals becomes the su rest measure of national prosperity, and revenue for the public occasions will always be at hand, under what ever forms the Government may deem it most expedient and least burdensome to call it forth. The facts ot tiie world are on the side of these opinions—it being incontesta ble, that nations which have reached the most imposing heights of physi cal and intellectual power, are those in which manufactures have been the most numerous, anff arrived at the greatest perfection. It is more ap plicable to add, that this perfection amongst (lie nations where it has been most conspicuous, has been achieved through the most compre hensive and vigorous protection af forded to this kind of industry; a protection persevered in throughout ages, and never given up whilst its objects remained unaccomplished The speculative economists of Eu rope are in opposition the expent nJ2 that surrounds them, and not less frequently to each other, and to themselves, when they would hold up to auy one nation the assorted be nefits of an opposite system.— “ France,” says one of her most cel ebrated writers of this class, (but who knows how to reconcile the en lightened ideas of free trade with into high cultivation, adds, “ that hopeless, indeed, would be their sit uation, were France to adopt the system that recommends the pur chase of manufactures from foreign countries, with the raw produce of domestic agriculture.” France still adheres, in the midst of her riches and power, to the practice on which those first duties that every nation owes to itself) “ is probably indebt ed for the beauty of her silk and woollen manufacturers to the wise encouragement of that administra tion which advanced to the manu facturers two thousand franesfor cv rv loom at work.” The same writer, (Says) whilst describing the condition of some of the provinces of that country, and which, as he savs, want ed nothing but towns to bring them these sentiments are founded. Nor, is the example of Britain up to this very moment, less absolute or Jess instructive. The prohibitions, the bounties, the high duties, the penal* ties, by force of which, throughout a long tract of time, the manufactures of that country have gained so much excellence, never in any wise abated, until, by the recent avowals of her statesmen, high in intelligence as au thority, British fabrics were not mere ly certain to continue, the supply im mense as it is known to be, of the home demand, but to find their way in a proportion, far greater than those from any other country,-into all the markets of the world. The United states, with a combination of natu ral and political advantages as trans cendant in number as degree, have before them those and other exam ples ; the lights of co-existent na tions; the amplest demonstrations ot experience, for building up their manufactures ; and by that vigilant legislative assistance, without which they have never been known in anv country to establish themselves in large or durable pre-eminence. Nor has this policy been found to inter fere, with an abundant foreign com merce, in the wealthiest and most in dustrious nations. It has, on the contrary, carried its bounds still fur ther ; since every nation, by its ha bits and position, w ill always com mand superior facilities for excelling in certain branches ofjabor and art, which it therefore chiefly cherishes, leaving to other nations the oppor tunity of excelling in other branches, or ol running the career of beneficial rivalry in the same; by which system (he artificial productions of the world are augmented and improved, and the fieljs of traffic, through the in creasing desires and varying tastes ol mankind, as opulence and civili zation make new advances, more and more extended and enriched. Ts the nations of Europe, whose industry and interchanges move in circles ge ographically proximate to each other, nave yet adopted this policy, or have (alien hack in their prosperity l>v the fact ot its absence; if those nations that have adopted it, are still seen to keep to it, or have only swerved trom it after its ends have been at tained ; by stronger reasons should the United States act upon it. Their remoteness from all the chief sources of supply of manufactured articles,* forms an additional motive, not to invoke that which might be drawn from the burdens and even exclu sions still in lull existence in other countries, against some of their pri mary productions. That a populous and independent nation, a nation ci vilized since the moment-of its ex istence, and whose institutions by their essential principle, tend to ac celerate in the career of intellectual and social, as already they have con ferred upon political eminence, should have continued as long as the United States have done, to derive from a distance, to be computed only by tiie space ol oceans, so many of the tabrics which conduce to the ne cessary or tasteful accommodations of life, it not without precedent, has, perhaps, not before existed in a case of any other nati.in upon the same extensive scale. Without adverting to the contingencies which may di minish or cut off this supply from re mote hemispheres, the very deterio ration to which time, and more fre jqucnt’y casualty, expose ho inconsi derable portion of these fabrics be fore the natural and intended uses of >them can be exhausted, and where the skill that made is too often alone competent to renovate or repair, be comes, by so much, a dead loss to the capital of the importer or consumer, and consequently to that of the na tion? The amount of it would go “hr, it is believed, towards forming a fund for encouraging the equally per fect fabrication at home, of most of the articles of foreign origin, con signed, by the cause alluded to, to premature inutility or destruction.— Besides the advantages of manulac tures for home use, the present mo ment is peculiarly suspicions, not to say urgent, tor fostering them, from the situation and qircnmstancss of the rest of tho world. An era has arrived, upon which after ages are to iook back as to a point, in the com mercial destines of mankind. The colonial system is fast falling tc pie ces. Over immense regions it is to tally gone, involving the certainty of change both in the channels and the objects of trade, as vast as they will be various. The family of nations has been extended; new continents, new oceans, are opened to independ ent intercourse ; to a just and equal participation in the-benefits of which, t he United States cannot but be alive. These benefits they can scarely de rive,, to the full and proper extent, but by giving themselves to the large fabrication of those works of art for which their climate, their produc tions, and the skill and capital of which their citizens are already in possession, especially qualify them. The source of their export trade for for the last two years, as stated in this report, is an encouraging omen of their ability and appetite to enter this new and great field of competi tion. Not to follow up such l*egin ningsby timely and judicious meas ures, might be to .let opportunities pass, not always to be recalled.— Whilst nations shut out by their lim ted territory, from agricultural pro ducts as the basis of trade, have yet pushed the latter to its farthest lim its, by manufactures alone as that basis, it is the favored lot oftlic l ci ted States to super add to the extort and riches of their soil, a state of so cial advancement, and an amount of town population, already equal to the most extensive and varied op erations of manufacturing industry. Not to found establishments by w hich this species of profitable industry may take litb and spread over the land, would, it is believed, be to for get alike what is due to the best in terests of agriculture on the one hand, and.to.the lurthor enlargement o) our commercial power upon tbr other. In expressing the convictions em braced in the foregoing remarks, it is not intended to close them by re commending any general revision o thc tariff, as fixed by the act of Cou gres of the 22d May, 1824. But it is deemed proper* under cover of them* respecttullv to submit the ex pediency oi effectually increasing the existing duties upon ailmanufact ires of cotton of a fine quality. The facilities and inducements to the lubrication of cottons of every description in the United States, are so great that the most beneficial con sequences may be anticipated from the lull establishment of this manu facture in all its finer branches, in like manner as by the protection al ready afforded to cotton fabrics in the coarser branches we have seen those latter established with advan tages so manifold and decided. And should wo establish* completely, the former also, such, is the quantity In which we produce the raw material ot this prominent menu fact ere of modern times, and what is still more important, such its quality, that there is no cause for apprehend ing that our immense exportations ot it abroad v. ill stop. (In (he co - may be expected that they wall go on progressively increasing. Concurrently with this recommen dation for sin augmentation on duties on all cotton manufactures of fine quality, it is deemed advisable to submit also the expediency ©flower ing, to a small extent, the duties at present existing upon teas, upon cof fee, and upon cocoa. 'I hese articles, especially the two former, are oi such large consump tion in the United States as to rank among the necessaries of life They go to make up apart of the daily beverage of the poor as well as (he rrch, and should therefore not be pressed upon too heavily by the hand of taxation in any form ; the less, as they trench upon no rival production at home. Their more enlarged con sumption would tend to increase, in errresponding proportions, the de mand for sugar, hereby, fostering a valuable production of some of our ow n states. The more widely also the habit of their use can he extend ed, the greater it is believed would be tiie prospect of seeing lessened the consumption of ardent spirits, so baneful in their effects upon the in dustry, the health, and morals of the community. Under these views alone, regarding their connection with the public prosperity, and indi vidual happiness, and temporary or partial toss to the revenue that might result from an adoption of this last recommendation, ought to be con sidered as compensated. It is pot, however certain, that such loss would result; from the increased de mand that might be expected to grow up for these articles by a re duction of the present impositions upon them. As regards teas, it may] [NO. VI —VOL. I. be added, as an additional motive to the recommendation, that, under the present duties, there is reason to a| - prehend some fi ding oft' ultimately in our China trade, from the late laws and regulations of Britain bearing up on this important article of tnechan dize. The interests of a valuable portion of our foreign trade, there fore, and of our shipping, appear to be at stake in fixing the duties upon teas of all kinds, at rates somewhat lower than as at present established. All which is respectfully submit ted. RICHARD RUSH. Treasury* Department. ) Dec. 22, 1820. \ OFFICIAL PAPER. TREATY OF FORT JACKSON. To (he House of Representatives of the United States: Washixgtok, Dec. 27, 1825. In compliance with a resolution of the House of Representatives of 23dinst. I transmit, herewith, a Re port trom tiie Secretary of War, with the Correspondence between ihe Department ofWar and Generals Pinckney and Jackson, and all the instructions given to the said Gener al s Pinckney and Jackson, relating to the Treaty with the Creek In rfk ins, afterwards made at Fort Jack son. so far as the same can be com municated without prejudice to the public interest. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS. Department of War. Dec. 24 1825. 1 he Secretary of War, to whom was referred the resolution of the House of Representatives of the 23d inst. requesting the President of the I mited States, “to cause to be laid before this House the Corres pondence between the Department oi War and Generals Pinckney and Jackson, and all the instructions giv en to said Generals Pineknev and Jackson, relating to the Treaty wiMi the Creek Indians, afterwards made at Fort Jackson, so far as the same can be communicated, in his discre tion, without prejudice to the public interest,” has the honour to enclose, herewith papers marked No. 1, to 11, inclusive, which contain the in formation required. Respectfully submitted, JAMES BARBOUR To the President of the U. States. (No. 1.) War Department. March 17, 1824. *j r —The policy dictated, as well by the unprovoked and ungrateful conduct of the hostile Creeks, as by a due regard to the future safety of the South Western frontier, may he. brought under the following heads, viz : Ist. An indemnification (for the expences incurred by the United States in prosecuting the war) by such cession or cessions of land as may he deemed an equivalent for said expenses. t 2d. A stipulation on their parr, that they cease all intercourse with any Spanish post, garrison, or town and that they will not admit among them any agent or trader, who does not derive his authority or license from the U. States. 3d. An acknowledgement of a right in the United States to open roads through their territory—to navigate all waters and streams with m the same—and, also to establish therein such military posts and trad ing houses as may be deemed neces sary or proper; and Ith. A surrender of the Prophets or other instigation of the war; who will he held subject to the orders of the President. W'ith these outlines as your guide, you are authorized, in conjunction with Cot. Hawkins, to open and con clude a treaty of peace with the hostile Creeks, as soon as they shall express a desire to put an end to the war. I have the honour, Lc. JOHN ARMSTRONG, To Maj. Gen. Thomas Pixcknev (No. 2.) War Department. March 20 1814. Sir : Since the date of my last letter it has occurred to me, that the proposed treaty with the Creeks should take a form altogether mili tary, and he in the nature of a capi tulation ; in which case the whole authority of making and concluding the terms will rest in you exclusive ly as Commanding General. In this transaction, should it take place, Col. Hawkins, as agent, may be useful ly employed. I have, &r. JOHN ARMSTRONG. Maj. Gtn, Thomas Ptncknttj.