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CteorgiaSStatesman. tEBM3| _|3 per annum, IN ADVANCE,] jjy S. MEACHAM. | THE I oCCHGIA STATESMAN | IS pcbLISHEO EVER! TCE9DAT IN millsdgeville, ga. I Jn IVayne-Strcet, opposite the Eagle HoteL ja Terms....' Three Dollars in advance, „ FoJr Dollars if not paid in six months.— Vo subscription received for less than one .air unless the money is paid in advance, in! no paper discontinued till all arrearage 5n subscription and advertisements are paid. ji g.—Notice of the sales of land andne #roes by administrators, Executors, or Guar * ins,’ must be published sixty days previous to the day of sale. . The sale of personal property in like man ner must be published forty days previous to tie day of sale. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell land, must ic published nine months. Notice that application has been made for letters of Administration, must also be pub lished/orfu directed to the Editor on, business relating to the Office, must be post • paid. BIBLE SOCIETIES. We ore pleased to see such a general ex fression, by almost every denomination of Christians in Georgia, in favor of Bible So othes. We not long since published a letter Horn the R v. S. K. Hodges, shewing his iefcef in the importance and utility of such In itiations. We have seen a letter in the Georgia Reporter, from the Rev. Mr. Shack liiord, (we believe of the Baptist connection,) tn the subject of Bible Societies, from which we make the following extract: •• At an early day I was honoured with a copy of the Constitution 'of the American Bible Society, accom panied with an address to the peo ple of the United States. The pro ject caught tny attention, and, at once, kindled in my soul a fervent desire lor its success—Nor has my zeal, in principle, at least, at all abat ed —though, from the p culiar cir cumstances in which I have been placed, it has not been in my power to render that active service in be half of the lustitutiontwhich I knew it merited." Below will be fount? a. letter on the same subject from Dr. Commin9, of Greenesboro,' also a Circular Letter, which we were request ed to publish, from the Bible Society of Jas per county, of which the Rev. Mr. Gautier is President. Tiic fact that this worthy Di vine s» President of a Bible Society, is suffi cient evidence of his belief in their utility. CIRCULAR. Monticello, Ga., 1826. Dear Sir: With pleasure we an nounce to you, that an effort is now making to promote a mor# general circulation of the sacred Scriptures among the population of our own State. Iu accordance with the wish es of the American Bible Society, ami through the instrumentality of Us Agents, appointed expressly for the purpose of visiting this State, and organising Societies auxiliary to the American Bible Society, several 3uch Societies have been established in the counties lying in the interior of the State. Such a Society has been organised in this place, for the pur pose of ascertaining and supplying the wants of the inhabitants of this county. By its Constitution, the So ciety restricts itself to " the circula tion of the Holy Scriptures, without note or comment." The object of the Society in becoming auxiliary to the American Bible Society is, to a vail itself of all those facilities in pro curing Bibles, of which the Parent Institution is possessed, to enable it to furnish them at reduced prices By this arrangement, Bibles may be procured from the depository of the Society, in this place, at about om ba)f the usual prices. By a recogni tion of this Society, as one of its auxiliaries, the Parent Institution ob ligates itself, in-case the funds of this SocLty should not be sufficient to supply all the destitute within the sphere of its operations, to furnish the requisite number of Bibles gra tuitously : but, this Society on the other band, obligates itself, after all the destitute within its sphere of op eration are supplied, to place its sur plus revenue at the disposal of the Parent Institution. Thus whi'e pro vision is made for the supply of all the destitute at home, the American B:ble Society is furnished in some measure with the means of sending the word of Eternal Life to the re mote regions of the earth. In order to ascertain the wants of the neighborhood in which you re side, the Board of Directors have thought proper to address you on this subject, and solicit your co-operation. It is desirable that the county should be faithfully explored, in order to as sertaiu what number of Bibles is wanted; what portion of those who are destitute, are able to purchase, and who are not. It is the design of the Society to dispose of them by sale, as far as practicable, rather than by gift ; but in all cases in which it shall be made to appear to the Board, by its Agents or others, that those wko mo destitute arc unable to pur chase, the Society wiil furnish them gratuitously. Upon a careful examination of the state of our population, it will be found that there are buts wof those now destitute who are unable to sup ply themselves. It is not supposed that real indigence prevents them from possessing this invaluable trea sure. It is because public sentiment is asleep, and no exertion has ever been made to direct its attention to this important subject. While Bible Societies have been in successful operation for many years in other States, and while they have been productive of the most sublime re sults, our State has been slumbering, and but three Bible Societies have been organised within its limits, until within a few weeks past. It is readi ly admitted, that there is no difficul ty in procuring Bibles, and that our population, generally, have the means of instruction within their reach; and it may be supposed, amidst all the facilities which are offered for the acquisition of Religious knowledge, there can be no necessity for any ex traordinary exertion in the circulation of tho Bible. Would to God that such were the fact: But an attempt to remedy this evil has ever been found the most effectual means of disclosing its extent. In other sec tions of our country which have en joyed the stated miuistrations of the Gospel, and all the other means of Grace much longer, and to a much greater extent than this, hundreds of families have been found entirely des titute of any portion of the word of God: wholly destitute of any knowl edge of the way of life through the atonement of Jesus Christ. Where ever a strict examination of this sub ject has been instituted, even in the most enlightened countries, the re sults have ben alarming. Were such an examination of the present condition of the population of this county instituted, it is to be feared that many individuals, and even fam ilies, would be found destitute 6f the Word of God. And when we reflect that the Bible is “ the wisdom and power of God” unto salvation ; that it is the only sure and unerring guide which God has given to conduct be nighted and bewildered man to im mortal life and unfading felicity, does not the Bible-cause require that an effort should be made commensurate with the evil to be remedied, and that it be made speedily 1 The Directors indulge the hope that you will interest yourself in be half of the Society, and endeavor to ascertain the wants of your own neighborhood and make returns to them as soon as practicable, together with the names of tlfc subscribers you may be able to obtain. Or, should you think it advisable, to form a Bible Society auxiliary to the Bible Society of Jasper county, So ciety will be entitled to receive Bi bles from the depository at this place at the same prices as it receives them from the Parent Institution. The Christian Religion is spreading wide as the world. Dark and benighted nations are emerging from that moral mist which has so long intercepted the light of the sun of righteousness, and the distant Isles are listening to the glad tiding of salvation. In the exertions which are now made for the diffusion of the light of life, and es pecially in the efforts which are made to give the Bible to every nation, and kindred, and tongue, and people, un der the whole heaven, in their own language, we discover the com mencement of the Messiah’s Reign, and hail with holy rapture and exatic joy the approaching dawn of that glorious day, when the kingdoms of the world shall become the kingdoms of our Lord and of his Christ. And while we pray for a speedy accom plishment of this stupenduous work of Mercy and of Grace, we dedicate ourselves and our substance r.hich God has given us, to his service, in behalf of the Board, P. W. GAUTIER, Pres'U George Foot, Sec’ry. Greenesboro’, Aug 21 182 G. Dear Sir —l received your favour of the 7th iirst. requesting my opinion of Bible Societies. So much has been spoken, written and published in their favour, it is al most impossible to add anew thought or form of recommendation. The aggregate piety, literature, talents and philanthropy of the best of man kind, are on the side of Bible Socie ties. Were Iso unfortunate as to be opposed to the moral mass of power in their favour, my opposiition would be feeble as a straw thrown against a pyramid. I approve them. Why? They have done a world of good ; they are doiug good ; they will do good ; they are connected with things preliminary to the nultenium. I ap prove them because they spread a broad the Bible, tiic most salutary book for the principles, morals, pres H* tibi erunt artes, pacisque imponere morem, parcere subjectis et del*llare superbos.— Virgil. MILLEDGEVILLE, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1826. ent and eternal advantages of man kind, of any book to be found beneath the throne of God. No better reason can, or need be given, why I should approve of Bible Societies, than what is contained in 2 Tim iii. 16. ‘ All Scripture is giv eu by the snspiratiou of God, and is, profitsble for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in right eousness,’ &. Yours affectionately, FRANCIS CUMMINS. G. VV. Warner, Cor. Sec. Morgan Cos. B. S. FROM THE BOSTON MESSENGER. Copy of a letter from General George Washington to President Adams, dated, Mount Vernon, July 13,1798. Dear Sir : I had the honor, on the evening of the 11th inst. to receive from the hand of the Secretary of War, your favor of the 7th, announc ing that you had, with the advice and consent of the Senate, appointed me Lieutenant General and commander in chief of all the armies raised, or to be raised, for the service of the Uni ted States. I cannot express how greatly af fected I am at this new proof of pub lic confidence, and the highly flatter ing manner in you have been pleased to make the communication At the same time, I must not con ceal from you my earnest wish, that the choice had (alien on a man less declined in years, and better qualified to encounter ihe usual vicissitudes of war. You know, Sir what calculations I had made, relative to the probable coursp of events, on my retiring from office, and the determination I had consoled myself with, of closing the remnant of my days in my present peaceful abode; you will, therefore be at no loss to conceive and appreciate the sensations I must have experienc ed to bring myself to any conclusion that would pledge me, at so late a pe riod of my life, to leave scenes 1 sin cerely love, to enter upon the bound less field of action, incessant trouble and high responsibility. It is not possible for me to remain ignorant of, or iudifferent to recent transactions. The conduct of the Directory of France towards our country ; their insiduous hostility to its government: their various practices to withdraw the affections of the people from it; the evident tendency of their acts, and those of their agents to counte nance and invigorate opposition ; their disregard of solemn treaties and the laws of nations; their war upon out defenceless commerce; their treatment of our Ministers of peace ; and their demands, amounting to tribute ; could not fail to excite in me corresponding sentiments with those my countrymen have so generally ex pressed, in their affectionate address es to you. Believe me, Sit, no one can more cordially approve of the wise and prudent measures of your administration.—They ought to in spire universal confidence : and will, no doubt, combined with the state of things, call from Congress such laws and means, as will enable you to meet the full extent of the crisis Satisfied, therefore, that you have sincerely wish and and endeavored to avert war, and exhausted, to the last drop, the cup of reconciliation, we can, with pure hearts appeal to Heav en for the justice of our and may confidently trust the final result to that kind Providence, who has heretofore, and so often signally fa voured the people of the U. States. Thinking in this manner, and feel ing how incumbent it is upon every person of every description, to con tribute at all times to his country’s welfare, especially in a moment like the present, when every thing we hold dear and sacred is so seriously threatened, I have finally determin ed to accept the commission of Com mander in Chief of the Armies of the United States, with this reserve only, that I shall not be called into the field until the Army is in a situation to re quire my presence, or it becomes in dispensable by the urgency of cir cumstances. In making this reservation I beg it may be understood, that I do not mean to withhold any assistance to arrange and organize the army which you think I can afford. I take the liberty also to mention, that I must decline having my acceptance con sidered as drawing after it any imme diate charge upon the public ; or that I can receive any emoluments annexed to the appointment, before entering into a situation to incur ex pense. The Secretary of War being anx ious to return to the Seat of Govern ment, I have detained him no longer than was necessary to a full commu nication upon the several points ho had in charge. With great respect and considera- tion, I have the honor to be dear Sir, your most obedient humble servent. GEORGE WASHINGTON. To John Adams, President of the United States. Extract of a letter from an officer on board the Cyane, at Pernambuco. “ Our reception here was highly flattering. Civilities of every kind were shown us—we interchanged salutes. In firing our salute wc hoist ed the Brazilian flag at the fore. On the Consul reaching the ship, he stat ed to Capt. Elliot that the English man of war had refused this, although called upon by the authorities to do so, and that, on declining their sa lute was not returned. When Capt. E was presented to the President of Province, he remarked to him that he could not avoid returning his thanks for the performance of this sponiane ous act, and what the English had re fused when asked, kc. ; that our na tion seemed the one which could be called upon when in distress. On the pres ntation of Capt. Elliott to His Brazilian Majesty, he was extremly courteous. We here met with Rear Admiral “ Sir Geo. Eyre,” in the Wellesley, 80, with some of the French squadron, Admiral Rose well. Our anchor was scearcely let go, when Sir George Eyre sent his First Lieu tenant with a polite message, offer ing his services. On Captain Elliott’s visiting the Admiral, he met with the officer who commanded the Cyane when she was captured by Com. Stewart. The day following, the Admiral visitedthe Cyane, with other officers, and invited Capt E. to dine. At his table Capt. E met with Sir John Phillemore, of the Britton. Lord H. Fin of the Ranger. Capt. E. gave, in return, a splendid entertainment. In honor ofSt. John Phillemore, who so generously saved our seamen on the coast of Spain, Capt. E gave this toast, which was most enthusias tically received—“ Brftian and Amer ica—-may each be emulous in tha per formance of those acts which may bring back the kindly feelings of pa rent and child-' 1 II :re we met with Lord and Lady Ponsonby— she is the daughter of Lord Holland; he gave Capt. E. a most splendid dinner. While Admiral Rosewcll was here, salutes and visits were interchanged —nothing unpleasant occurred dur ingour intercourse with these foreign squadrons. A little before our de parture, Commodore Widot du Plan ty, of the Seine, sent his boat on board to obtain permission to search two of our merchant vessels for de serters, then standing out of the har bour; as also others in port —To which Captain Elliott replied " that he was suprised at the receipt of a communication of the kind—that on no account must he be permitted to put his foot on board the American vessels for this purpose. This ship iias rendered great services in aiding our distressed countrymen. The hos pitality of all on board is worthy of th„- warmest praise. ‘‘The foreign ships of war arc in high order, but the Cayue is not in ferior to any of them. Their com manders are very desirous of raising the blockade of Buenos Ayres, and only wait lor our commander to set the example. Sir John Sinclair, in the Doris, has been here, who is on the best terms with our captain. •‘lt would seem that France and England are restless under blockade, having millions either directly or indi rectly connected with this measure. They will doubtless do all they can to secure the commercial advantages which the trade of this country may offer to the most favored. Capt. Elli ott has not lost sight of this object, and will not let any opportunity escape of producing the best results from our timely arrival. The navy of the Uni ted States is every day extending its high character—Our older officers seem to be known by reputation to most of the distinguished naval men we have met at this place. This is gratifying to those who take an inter est in our naval concerns.” Com. Porter —The last Washing ton papers contain an official notice of the resignation of Com Porter. He who in the war against the Tri politans gave frequent proof* of dar ing valour—he who in the second war of Independence, carried terror and destruction to the commerce of the enemy, and made a most gallant and admirable resistance against tre ble his force—he, who scoured the coast, and destroyed tk e haunts of pirates, and has been invariably a Patriot and a Soldier, has been driven from the service of his country by persecution! —How long such things are to be tolerated by a free people —how long public servants are to be permitted to pursue their own narrow inclinations, and hunt down those who have served tbeir country, re mains yet to be seen. COMMODORE PORTER From Mexico, we learn that Com. Porter was about to take command of the Naval force at Vera Cruz, apartments having been provided for him, to guard against the disease of the shore, in the Castle of St. John de Ulloa, where it is as healthy as it would be on board ship, until the marine shall be made ready for sea. The reception of Commodore Por ter at the seat of Government of Mexico has been of the most satis factory nature. The emoluments of his station are less than reported, but still considerable, say $5,100 per annum. The Government, more over, understanding that, in entering the Mexican service. Com. P. relin quished, of course, .an old claim whicc he had upon the Consulado of Havanna, agreed to apply to the Government of Vera Cruz to place him in possession of a large tract of land on the fine river of Guasacualco. The Government of Vera Cruz has agreed to cede to the Commodore 11 leagues square in in the richest and most beautiful part of the State.— The tract contains about half a mill ion of acres, and the route to the Pacific, for the establishm nt O; which a decree has recently, been made, will passthrough it.—[JVat. Int. We have just been gratified with a sight of a curiosity in mechanics. It is a newly invented augur for bor ing square holes, which we imagine will be of great utility in many kinds of mechanical business.—[ Ph. Post. Manfacturing Distress in England — There never was such an appalling and awful aspect before us: if things continue many months as they are at present, there must be a rebelion be fore Christinas. 1773 and 1792, ar nothing in comparison with 1826, when the extent of commerce aud the increase of.population are taken into consideration. A cramped cir culation, aud the destruction of cred it and confidence, which it will tak years to restore, have paralysed ev .- ry department of commerce, and brought the country to a state of misery and despair. In tne north, the mercahnts are losing by every engagement , in then own defence they are obliged to turn off all their hands. The manufactQr ers do not get the price of the raw material lor their manufactured goods and aye obliged to turn offtheir hands There is no employment for the la boring classes, and young men, o; good sober habits and moral princi ples, are willing to do any thing, how ever slavish, to gain a couple of shil lings a week. Every prudent man is reducing his establishment, and cur tailing hisexpences; and many of the most respectable members of society are anxiously thinking bow they are to gain a miserable pittiancc. Low woollen goods for the North- American market ; sold last week at Huddersfield 10 to 20 per cent, lower than they have been known for the last sixty years! In fact, no words can paint tho distresses of Lancashire and the West Riding ofYorkshire: TROM THE NEW-YORK GAZETTE. THE FEDERAL CONSTITU TION, DR. FRANKLIN, kc. A friend has favored us with an interesting Manuscript, relating to a most important period of our history. The circumstances her detailed are new to us, and we believe they have never before been made public The narrative is in the words of General - one of the members of the General Convention which framed the Constitution. It was committed to paper by the gentleman to whom General and tailed the facts, and we now have the satisfaction of laying it before our readers. “ I was,” said Gen. , “a dele gate from ■ —- ■ ,in the Gen eral Convention which assembled in Philadeiphia, for the purpose of di gesting a Constitution for the United States, and I bqlieve 1 was the young est member of that body. The great and good Washington was chosen our President, and'Dr. Franklin, a mong other great men, was a dele gate from Pennsylvania. A disposi tion was soon discovered in some members to display themselves in oratorical flourishes—but the good sense and discretion of the majority put down all such attempts.* We had convened to deliberate upon, and if possible, effect a great national ob ject—to search for political uisdom and truth ; —these we meant to pur sue with simplicity, and tp avoid eve ry thing which would have a ten dency to divert our attention, or per plex our scheme. A great variety of projects were proposed.—All Republican in thdir general outlines but differing in their details. It was therefore determined [OR 84 IP NOT PAID IN SIX MONTHS. NO. “....VOL. 1 that certain elementary principles should at first be established, in each branch of the intended Constitution, and afterwards the details should be debated and filled up. There was little, or no ‘.’.•(ficulty in determining upon tho elementary principles—such as for instance that the government should be a Repub lican representative govern,n n That it should be divided in f :> three branches, i. e. Legislative, Executive and Judicial, kc. But when the or mnization of the respective branch's of the Legislative came under con sideration, it was easy to he perceiv ed that the eastern, and the southern states had distinct interests, which it was difficult to reconcile, and that the larger states were disposed to form a Constitution in which the smaller states would be mere appen dages and satellites to the larger one» On tl e first of these subjects much animated and somewhat angrv debate had taken place, when the ratio of representation in the lower House of Congress was before us, the south ern states claiming for themselves the whole number of their black pop ulation; while the eastern states were for confining the elective franchise to freemen ouly without respect to color. As the different parties adhered pertinaciously to their different posi tions, it was feared that this was an insurmountable obstacle ; but as the members were already generally sat isfied that no Constitution could be formed which would meet the views, and subserve the interests of each individual state, it was evident that it must be a matter of compromise and mutual concession. Under these impressions, and with these views, it was agroed at length that each state should be entitled to one Delegate in the House of Representatives, for every thirty thousand of its inhahi tants—in which number should be included three fifths of their slaves. When the details of the House o£ Representatives were disposed of, a more difficult point presented itself in the organization of the Senate. The larger states conteifed that the same ratio as to states, should bo common to both branches of the Le gislature —or, in oitiei ouitls, tliat each state should be entitled to a re pres ntation in the Senat , (what ever might be the number fixed . n) in proportion to its population, a in the House of Representatives. . The smaller states on the other hand con tended, that the House nf R res; n tafives might be considered as the guardian of the liberties of the peo ple, and therefore ought to bear a just proportion to their numbers, but that the Senate represented the sove reignty of the states —and that as each state, whether great or small, was equally an independent and sove reign state, it ought in this branch of the Legislature to have equal weight and authority; without this they said there could be no security for their equal rights; and they would by such a distribution of power be merged and lost in the larger states. This reasoning, however plain and powerful, had but liftle influence on the minds of Delegates from the lar ger States —and as they formed a large majority of the Convention— (he question, after passing through the forms of debate, was decided that cacti State should be represent ed in the Senate in proportion to its population.” When the Convention had adjourn ed over to the next day, the Dele gates ol the four smallest States, i. e. Rhode-Island, Connecticut, Ncw-Jer sey, and Delaware, convened to con sult what course was to be pursued in th - important crisis at which we have arrived—after serious investi gation, it was solemnly determined, to ask for a re-consideration the next morning ; and if it was not granted, o| if when granted, that offensive fea ture of the Cohstitution could not be expunged, and the smaller States put upon an equalfooting with the largest, we would secede from the Conven tion, and returning to onr constitu ents, inform them that no compact could be formed with th*- large states but one which would sacrifice our sovereignty and independence. “ I was deputed,” said General which this communication should be made—l know not why, unless it be that young men are generally chosen to perform rash actions—according ly, when the Convention had assem bled, and as soon as the minutes of the last sitings were read, I rose and stated the view wc had taken of the organization oftbo Senate—our de sire to obtain a reconsideration and suitable modification of that article ; and in failure thereof, our determina tion to secede from the Convention and return to our constituents This disclosure, it may readily be supposed, produced an immediate and great excitement iu every part of