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Georgia Statesman. TEKMS.-J3 PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE,} BUR HITT & MEACHAM, Editors.] the is PUBLISHED EVERS MOND4T IN jum.LED SEVILLE OA. On Wayne-Street, opposite the Eagle Hotel. BY S. MEACHAM. If-p Terms... . Three Dollars in advance, or Four Collars if not paid in six months.—No subscription re ceived for less than one rear, unless the money is paid jn advance, and no paper discontinued till all arrearages «r. subscription and advertisements are paid. 'jq _ p Notice of the sales of land a*nl negroes, by Ad ministrators, Executors, or Guardians, must be published sixty Jays pieviousto the day of sale. " The sale of personal property in like manner must be published forty Jays previous to the day of sale. Notice that application wi|} be made to the Court of Oruinary for leave to sell land, must be published nine months. Notice tha l application has been made for Getters of Administration, must also be pubNshed forty uays. * t * All letters directed to the Editors on business re lating to the Office, must be post naid. O" UiMOiS yOTEL. J-ft The subscriber having o ened the above New Establishment at Decatur in De Kalb (c.nty; K*spi;at£jlly invites all persons to call ml see Dm, who may be demrious of being comfortably accom ’ oodated on the low es> terms. THE UVJO.V HOTEL, is in a high and pleasant nit cation, on the Public Square, and is well finished. The. Stables are in Superior order, and at all times well provided with provinder of the be t kind. The weary traveller can here find rest from‘he toil ol his journey—The constant Boarder, an agreeable and fcea'thy home—And private families can be accommodated with- Separate Rooms. No trouble shall be wanting in order to render this Es tablishment worthy of public patronage. MATTHIAS HILBURN. Decatur, April 21st, 1827. 69 —w2weow4t House oj Entcrtainmem A THE Subscriber has opened a House of Enter tain in nt at that valuable stand, situat and two miles from Milledgeville, at the fork of the roads leading to Eatontnn end Clinton. At this house Travellers and others can be accommodated with good clean beds, the best of food, am! excellent iiquors, at a moderate price. WILLIAM R HILL March, 12th, 1827. 62—if GEORGIA, Twiggs County. lit/'HLRLAS. Joshua It. Wimberly &i John G Slapply, applies to me for Letters ol Administration, (with the will annext) on the Estate of Ezekiel Wimberly, late of said coun ty, dec’d. These are therefore to cite and admonish nil and singular, the kindred and creditors ol said decased, to be and appear at my office within the time prescribed by Law, to shew uuuse if any they can, why said letters should tot be granted: Given under my hand, this Ith day of April 1827. P. SOLOXOX, c. c. o. April 1827—6w67. POETRY - . TIMES SONG. O’er the level plain, where mountains Greet me as 1 go, O’er the desert waste, where fountains At my bidding flow— Os the boundless beam by day, On the cloud by night, T am rushing hence away! Who will chain my flight; War his weary watch was keeping, I have crushed his spear; Oriel' v. ithin her bower was weeping^ I have dried her tear; Pleasure caught a minute’s hold- Then I hurried by, leaving all her banquit could, Ayd iier goblet dry. Tower had won a throne of glory:— IVhcre is now my fame? Olenius said, —“I live in stroy;” Who hath heard his name? tnvc, beneath a myrtile boogh. Whispered,—“Why so fast?® » And the roses on his brow •Yhether’d as I past. 1 have heard the heifer lowing O’er the. wild wave’s bed: I have seen the billow flowing Where the cattle fed; Where begun my wandrings— Memory will not saj! Where will rest my weary wings?’ Science turns away. From the Macon Telegraph. The character of a public man belongs to |is constituents. By the acceptance of a pub- Nation, he tacitly consents to surrend r his and individual interest, to the public and general good And when this public func tionary perverts the legitimate object of his ®Ppointmen!--when he betrays the interest ol and wrests the constitution to too promotion of his own selfish and individu * projects of aggrandijement—when he be *rays the confidence reposed in him hy the Public, and makes the good of the whole suh ‘‘rvent to the interests of tin unprincipled ' r tion—it becomes the imperious duty of ev <ry lover of his country and of his country’s Jdtitutions to hold up to public scorn and in dication the man that has thus betrayed the 11 crests committed to his keeping, fc n . evc, y oMion and in every age, there are j u, 'and men of weak discontented minds, of ve ®tnent passions, and of disappointed or per r e r«V * an, b't'on. The minds of such men are css and revengeful—ever on the watch to B * l }Y their malignity or their ambition The ori s ol such men are restless and revenge i lt ~~ ,:Vor ° n the watch to gratify their mahg j 0f *bcir ambition. The peace, the wel- M r 'or ev-n the existence of the govemmem n'. ' l’ ro * ec ** them, can have no iulluence m r '"'mg such men from the most desperate , **" re * toaccomptiah the most nelariou hoia.L* * human consideration can with tion oi earth and blasting the fairest prospects if the their fellows. Civil commotion, with ill its attendant evils, sinks into insignificance, when put in competition with their own aggran lizement, or their own individual preferment. This Mr. Editor, is the character of Mr. Forsyth.—ln every situation in which his in ordinate and childish ambition has placed him, lie has made his public duties subservient to his private aims. His whole public life has been a tissue of absurdities and inconsistences. He has endeavored to place himself in an im posing posture, not by his talents-fur they are not of a superio* grade but by his noisy and frothy declamation. He has given “lucid proof” to the world that he is bound by no ties but those of political preferment—and influenced by no motives but those of a factious dema - gogue. Ho has travelled so long in the path of political infidelity, and has become so cal lous to a conscientious discharge of his duties as a public functionary—he has sunk so deep into the dark abyss of political perdition, and has so often reiterated with fearful denuncia tion the treasonous sentiments of our puissant and pugnacious governor, '.hat he is now ripe for any thing that promises to raise him from his present degraded station, or meet his am bitious views. Witness his course for the last two years—and what a picture of daring con tradictions and absurd inconsistency s ! Who so violent in their denunciations of General Jackson ?—who so often flung upon that hero the imputation of an ignorant demagogue 1— but who is now so loud in his praise I—who now so sycophantly obsequious to the imma culate statesman of the West ? Witness his zeal for the Indian Treaty made by Campb, (1 and Merriweather; he pledged himself to Congress and to the Nation to support it; he pledged himself to lay down his life for it; not that he cared for a little strip of land, but for the principle it involved. ’Twas a tremend ous subject; a subject that involved every principle of state rights ; a subject that en dangered our existence as a nation ; a princi ple around which every lover of our free insti tutions ought torally: it was the ark ofour po 'itiral salvation, which he would take into his pure keeping! But who first forsook this grand principle of right 1 -Why, Sir, can you believe it 1 it was that consistent and adroit practi tioner of all the virtues and all the graces; the patriotic John Forsydi!! Was there any rea son fur this change of sentiment I No. Was there no abandonment of the ‘ high hand -d’ measures of the General Government 1 No. Bet perhaps he was visited with some com punction of conscience ? Oh no—he is cal lous to that monitor. Well, was there no change in public sentiment ? Yes. was: the tide of public opinion was setting strong a gainst* his boasted principle. The mist that he and others ofh'.s “ Class” had flung around that important subject, haifbegun to dissipate, and they and their “ principle” were seen in all their deformity. And John Forsyth, like the skilful navigator, he has ever proved himself, »rned with the first turning tide It is morally impossible to tell what the po litical character of Mr. F r«yth now is, as it is impossible to tell what it will be a year hence. We have no certainty for believing that it is now. what it was when he left Washington. It is well known that his political sentiments un derwent a radical change during the summer of 1820, and why may they not during the summer of 1827. Indeed it is whispered a mong some of his knowing friends, for strange as it may seem, such a demagogue has friends and admirers too, that he has already set hi sail for “ another tack.” and that he is only waiting for a wind to fill it; and, predicating our opinion upon his former course of conduct, we are prepared to hear ot Mr. Forsyth’s in troducinga resolution into Congress todissolve the union !! No course of conduct, however absurd, or however distructive to righ! am! principle, would surprize those who are ac quainted with the corrupt designs or ambitious views of Mr. Forsyth, as exhibited by his pre cious daring absurdities and inconsistencies. Yju may call this, Mr Editor, declamation, or you may call these charges, assertions with out proof. But, sir, the proof is at hand, and should tbe called for. I will produce it; and, fer vour own information though I doubt not you know it well, I will refer you to the de hates in Congress, from the time Mr Forsyth fi r st entered that body down to the present pe riod And I will refer you also, to evfry citi zen of the state who has known Mr. Forsyth from the time he first came into public life.— And, by the bye, 1 may hereafter have some thing to say, and to show too, of his political course during the last war, when I believe he' stood side by side and walked hand in hand with the members of the Hartford Conven tion. A GEORGIAN ACrgItrTTLTUBE. Fvout .Niks’ ltcgister AGRICULTURE OF THE U. STATES. (continued.) But it is to the planters and people of Ma ryland that we now directly address ourselves In 1790, we had 319,000 inhabitants, and one eleventh of the whole, population ol the Uni 'ted States; in 1820 wt had 407,006, and a twenty-fourth part of the whole population— in 1830 we shall not shew a thirtieth part ot such population, unless because of the in crease in Baltimore and the other manufactur ing districts. Indeed, if these be left out, our population is probably decreasing. In the first congress we had 6 members out ol 06—now we have 9 out of 215—and, if the present whole number of member* is preserv ed after the next census, wo shall have but seven; and so, from the possession ol one - lew ui h part of the power of representation, He tibieruntartes, pacisque imponere raorein, parcere subject!* et debell&re superbos.— Virgil. Milledgeville, Monday, May 28, 1827. are just passing into a thirtieth. [Tiie same operation has taken place and will act upon our neighbor Virginia; though her western grain-growing and grazing and manufacturing district is doing much, indeed, to keep up her standing, and would have a mighty effect, if less restricted opinions prevailed, and a real representative government were allowed ] Truth thus speaks to us “trumpet-tongued’- yet we seem neither to hear or heed it; and what has been our chief commodity for ex port, and furnished the chief means of pur chasing foreign goods, (which we have so much preferred, and which the people still blindly wish to see introduced,) is about to fail us altogether! Ohio has already materially in terfered with our tobacco, and, raised hy free labor, can afford to transport it 300 miles by land, and yet undersell our planters in Balti more, their own local and natural market! See the article from the “American Farmer,” which is annexed. The fact is that most of our in telligent planters regard the cultivation of to bacco in Maryland as no longei profitable and would almost universally abandon it, if they knew what to do with their slaves, for many reject the idea of selling them ; others, howev er. are less scrupulous, and the consequence is that great numbers of this unfortunate class are export and to other states, the cost of their ‘•uhsistence being nearly or about equal to the whole value of their production in this. But Maryland is abundant in re ources, if casting away h r prejudice, “the old man and his deeds,” she will profit by her advantages We have good lands and much water power on the western shore.* The last is considerably im proved in Cecil, Baltimore, Frederick and Washington counties, and manufacturing es tablishments are pretty cum. rous and respect- able ; in all these the population is increasing; the farmers have large barns and w-ell filled granaries, and with markets at their doors, as it were, for the chief part of their surplus pro ducts, including butter, eggs, vegetables—the hundred little things which the gond farmer and prudent housewife collects and saves, and in many cases they, alone, because of the mar ket for them, sell for more money iu a year, than the whole surplus crops of wheat and corn raised on plantations cultivated by eight or ten -laves, for they themselves eat much, waste more, and work little. The whole crop of Maryland tobafcco may have an average annu al value of $ 1,500,000 —and this is below the clear product of labour employed in the facto ries of Baltimore alone ! We do not include the ‘'inplayment of mechanics, properly so called; and thus, aided by some foreign commerce and navigation, and a large home trade, we have, in this small spot, collected and subsisted more than one sixth part of the gross population, or about a fifth of the whole people of the state; and created a market for the products of the farmers, daily extending in the quantity requir ed and prices given and to go on as our manu facturing establishments prosper and persons are gathered together to consume the products of the earth But to the success of these, and the consequent well-being of our farmers, a liberal encouragement of them, and a manly support of internal improvements, must be af forded. Whoever stands opposed to them, is opposed to the best interests of Maryland for increased attention to both is the only me ms that we have to prevent ourselves from sinking yet lower in the scale of the states. — Maryland, without any sort of interference with any other pursuits, might subsist two millions or more, of sheep, and the product of these would compensate any loss to be caused by ceasing to cultivate tobacco ; and besides, and what is more important, most important, in deed. it would prevent the actual or compara tive decrease of our people, keep the free la bouring classes at the houses of their fathers, and mightily advance the price oflands, and add to the general wealth of the state. Real property, of every description, except in the districts spoken of, has exceedingly declined in value and, indeed, in some parts of the -tale, is seemingly " without price.” If slave labour ever was profitable with us, it no long er is so—it does not yield more than 3or 4 per cent for the capital per capita employed, if even that—this is clearly proved by the ex port of slaves to the mo r e southern states; a cruel practice, and which we hope may be ar rested by the introduction of new artich sos agriculture, such as the breeding of sheep, and the cultivation of flax and cotton, and the rear ing of the silk worm. These would afford em ployment to many thousands, and employment begets employment, and money begets money, for prosperity begets prosperity. . But let us further, and for a moment, regard Baltimore as a market for the farmers of Ma ryland—for we wish the home market clear ly understood ; most persons know no more of its real value than they do of what is hap pening in the interior of the earth—and it is the interest of others to prevent enquiry or mystify facts. We are about 70,000. Allow to each person vegetable food equal only to a “ peck of corn per week'” and we shall ap pear to consume 910,000 bushels of grain ; if we add what is required for the support of horses us. and for draft, Lc. the whole may be moderately estimated as equal to one million of bushels of wheat, per annum. Then sup pose we admit that each person wastes or con sumes half a pound of animal food per day, as we think that they do and more, and we shall have 25 millions of pounds a year W’e also * We have also many valuable mines and minerals, which, though rapidly coming into use, are yet only partially worked Large quantities of iron ore arc carried from the neighborhood f Baltimore to the New-England states, there manufactured and probably bro't »uck again and sold hero to pufcbiuc Os pay annually requre for our families, work shops and factories, more than 100,000 cords of wood. Let us see what these three articles, these three only, w ill amount to— -1.000,000 bushels grain at 1 doll. 1,000,000 25,000.000 lbs. ofanimalfood at 4 c. 1,000,000 100,000 cords «f wood, at $2 25 225,000 2,225,000 And, at these moderate estimates, it appears that the Baltimore market, because of the bread stuff', animal food and fuel consumed therein, annually amount to more than two millions and a quarter of of dollars; or one fourth of the whole value of all the bread stuff and meats exported from all the United ®iates. Previous to entering, upon a mere general and particular examination of onr great staple for export, cotton, we shall n .ticcone product of agriculture which has a most extraordinary character and operation, ii deed —not on ex ports but on consumption ; we tneansug »r. We see it lately stated in the papers that col. Dummett, of Florida, lias made thirty hhds. of sugar from cane raised on thirty -five acres of land—say, only 30,000 lbs. The du ty, or tax upon which, if imported, would be $900; and this a Pennsylvania farmer would, of itself, esteem a neat little* profit on the cul tivation of a whole farm, for a year. But -juch are not so favored by soil and climate, and the bounty ofthe general government. The sugar crop of Louisiana is about 40 000 hhds. than 10,000 in 1810,) or say 44,000,000 lbs. the duty on which, if import 'd, in exchange for bread-stuffs, &c. would be one million three hundred Ik twenty thousand dollars, and this probably divided between loss than two hundred persons —or, if we al low it to benefit all the people of Louisiana, is more than sixteen dollars per head, for eve ry man, woman, and child, of the state as a * bounty." Now, a tax equal to this on all the people of the United States, would produce a revenue of nearly one hundred and sixty mill ions of dollars a year! Verily, verily, this is “ taxing the many for the benefit of th • few"—and yet wondcrfel to be told, Louisiana is opposed to the tariff and protection of oth ethcr branches of domestic industry, as called for by the farmers and others, who make up nearly three fourths of the whole people of the United States. But this is not all. Sugar has become almost a necessary of life—it certainly is one of its comforts, desired and used by the rich and the poor. The whole amount consumed in the United States may be about 120,000,000 lbs. say 76 imported and 44 of domestic production The duty on the former is three cents per lb. and amounts to 2,280,000 dollars, on what costs about five millions inthe foreign islands and places where in it is obtained , so that the tax is very near ly fifty per cent, ad valorem, which is actually collected on two thirds of the whole quantity used, to the benefit of those of our country men who produce the other third. And yet Louisisiana declaims against “monopolies” and the tariff which supplies her with such cotton goods for 12 1-2 cents per yard as late ly cost her 20 or 25 cents per yard! The duty on sugar is too high, and it would have been reduced hut for the encouragement of the agriculture of Louisiana—andthat which is for her peculiar and selfish advantage, it the t> rm may be allowed while it deprives the treasury of 1,320,000 dollars a year, taxes the people *in the sum of 1,110 000 dollars annual ly, more than they would pay, if the duty Was reduced only to two cents per lb. which Would still be a high one. As it is, the poor black wood-sawyer, purchasing only two pounds per week for his family, pays a tax of three dol lars and ten cents a year on this solitary arti cle It is the most onerous tax that we have, Slid bears particularly hard on the labouring classes, especially the farmers, mechanics and manufacturers. We ourselves use as much ol it, in proportion to our family, as the richest persons among us, in the ordinary way.* It is true, we might dispense with it—the tax paid is “ voluntary," in the impudent cant of purse-proud dealers in foreign merchandize, who are daily using our money, obtained thro’ credits at the custom house for the support ot their trade! So, as the Indians dispense with the use of shirts, might we—and it is "volun tary” to prefer the snug and comfortable clothes that we wear, to the sheep-skin dresses ot the Hottentots-—it is “voluntary” even that we live and pay taxes at all, for we might escape them by suicide ! But the freeman who labors industriously and attends to business faithful- ly has a right to be enabled to use sugar, wear shirts, have decent clothing and enjoy life, the gilt ofthe common Creator of us all; aye, and such will defend that right: and, what is worth a whole volume of speculations, they have the means of doing it! the time being fitted tor it, we w ill confidently make it known to the planters and ship owners, that if the ta riff bill of 1824 had not passed, the tax upon imported sugar would have been reduced to two cents per lb. and that, any deficiency in the revenue which might have arisen from that proceeding, (though we believe that it might have increased the revenue by in creasing the consumption of sugar,) would have been more than compensated lor by withdrawing the fleets of men-of war that are kept abroad £br the protection of property in ships and their cargoes These things would not have taken place wholly on the retaliato * The funnily of the writer of this consisting of nine persons, consumes not less than 4.'>o lbs. a year The tax that he pays Uien on augur is thirteen dollars od an halfa year. f It U a notorious fact, that every profitable manufac turing establishment increases the consumption of for eign luxuries or comforts. A msnufacturuig village of 3 or 400 people,consumes more coffee, tea, sugar, silks, ttc. Hun Mt Hie fVoL. 11. No. 21. —Whole No. 73. ry principles, though th£ very worm that i» trodden upon is allowed to turn, but because of tho special rightfulness of them, circum stanced as the grain-growing and manufactur ing interests were._ If refused the means of paying taxes,t it was their bounden duty to reduce the amount of taxes .demanded. is a quid pro quo which operates in everv con dition of life ; and as the saying is, every pru dent man will “cut his coat according to his cloth. 1 Look at it’—here was Louisiana re ceiving a “hot bed protection” of 1,320,(XX) dollars a year, in a bounty paid by the people on her sugar, and there were th« ship owners defended at the cannon's mouth, at the cost to the people of a much larger sum—the whole trade to the Mediterranean, for example, not taking off so much of gross value in our pro ducts as the costs of tho fleets amount to— and vet both these w re against the tariff bill of 1824, intended for the encouragement of our farmers and manufacturers, and supported by their representatives iu congress, as tho votes will yet shew! We would not either “razee” the duty on sugar, or “tomahawis” the navy—but those who "live should left live.” No state in the union profits like Lou isiana by the tariff—the price of tier cotton is assisted by it, as we shall shew when we spealc about that article, though she is supplied with cotton goods at from 40 to 50 per cent, cheap er than before the act of 1824 was passed; but the direct and actual protection or bounty which she receives, is equal to sixteen dollars per head for every one of her people; and were all the people of the United St ates protected, the amount of protection would bo in the sum of one hundred and sixty millions us dollars a year! as before stated, and repeat and that it may not be forgotten. No one can dis pute this. And further, is a " monopoly” be cause of climate in the south, less odious than a “ monopoly” because of climate in the north, or the west, or tho east? What is the sugar planter better than the wool grower? Is it nol quite asr nescessary to have clothes to shield us from the cold of our winters, as sugar to sweeten our coffee? But we desire both, nud only ask, while the production of the last is protected, that the growth and manufacture of wool for the other may be encouraged; and Louisiana who receives so liberally, should instruct her senators and representatives to giv a little. It is by mutual concessions and accommodations that the peace of families and societies is maintained; hut there is a dis position wisely implanted in the human mind, to require such concessions and accommoda tions, between persons possessing equal rights, and it operates in great things aR the writer of this really put it into practice about two years ago in a smaller affair: in returning from my dinner, I was almost every day, to meet a dandy Englishman just import ed, (or eloped, as the case might he,) who majestically strutted along the middle of tho pavement. I gave way and went unthinking ly to the right oi the left, lor a considera ble time; hut, at last, was satisfied that ho demanded this homage to his puppyishism.— The next time when wc were about to pas-, I kept the middle of the pavement—he came on rapidly as usual with his head up and eyes raised, and wholly unprepared to receive my elbow, which he run afoul of, (having turned myself half-round to acco.nmodaie him with it,) and he nearly fell down in consequence— being a lighter man than myself. He looked wildly at me, I looked calmly at him, but not a word was said—we passed, and ever after that he conceded a part of the pavement to me, as I had been quite willing to yield a part of it to him or any other person, though black and a slave. This familiar case, will 9erve as well as the most elaborate one that could ho stated, to shew the principle on which society is sustained We shall now present some filets and opin ions bearing upon the present gre.it staple of country ; whatever belongs to it is highly im portant to every -section of our country and ;!l description ot persons And on this occasion, it may be proper to express out serious belief, that, if the doctrines which wo have support ed for so many years, have been beneficial to any one class ofthe people more than another, that class ’is the cultivators of cotton. It is with much satisfaction, wc observe that many of the planters begin to discover this, and that a radical change of opinion may be speedily hoped for A little while ago, or three or four years since, tho people of the asteru states devoted to commerce and navigation, were as much opposed to the tariff for the en couragement and protection of domestic man ufactures, as those of the suthern states now are. It has been demonstrated, that success in manufactures has increased the commerce and navigation of the cast, and was, also, ad ding powerfully to tho wealth and population of these states. But with how much more reason may it he expected that they wili assist the southern states, seeing that they even now consume one fourth of the whole crop of cot ton raised in them! YVe have been lately honored with many letters containing sentiments similar in the extract wo are about to intro duce, which is from one of the most highly honored gentlemeu of the south, and which came to hand since this article was in prepara tion for the pres. He says— There is a perfect coincidence of opinion between us on the subject of protecting home manufactures. But as the times are for the cotton planters, (of whom l am otto in a small way,) they would be much- worse hut for the demand of our manufactories for the new ar ticle. I should like to see more effectual pro tection extended to the growth and manufac ture of wool. These and suchlike measures