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'* T ' ' ' Georgia S Statesman. TERMS,—S3 PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE,] BURRITT & MEACHAM, Editors.] THE IS PUBLISHED MONDAV ,N * MXMEDGS vii ‘ i ' e GA - On Wayne-Street, oppo sitf the Ea S le HoteL BY S. MEACHAM. Terms Three Dollars in or Four Dollars if not paid* in six months.-No subscription re ceived for less than one year, unless the money is paid in advance, and no paper discontinued till all arrearages On subscription and advertisements are paid. N B —Notice of the sales of land and ne'roes, by Ad ministrators, Executors, or Guardians, must be published sixty days the day of sa.e. The sale of personal property m like manner must, be published forty days previous to the day of sale. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell land, must be published nine months. , _ , e Notice that application has been made for Letters ol Administration, must also be published forty days. *** All letters directed to the Editors on business re lating to. the Office, must be post wd. Onion hotel, The SUBSCRIBER HAVING O ENED THE above New Establishment at Decatur in De Kalb •Cc nty; Respectfully invites all persons io call and see him, who may ba desirious of being comfortably accom modated on the lowest terms. THE UNION HOTEL, is in a high and pleasant sit uation, on the Public Square, and is well finished. The Stable# are in Superior order, and at all times well provided with provinder of the be t kind. The weary traveller can here find rest from the toil of hFs journey—The constant Boarder, an agreeable and healtliy home —And private families can be accommodated with Separate Rooms. No trouble shall be wanting in order to render this Es tablishment worthy of public pationage. MATTHIAS HILBURN. Decatur, Apfll 21st, 1827. 69—w2weow4t House oj Entertainment. THE Subscriber has opened a House of Enter' t>iincut nt that valuable stand, situat d two miles from Milledgeville, at the fork of the roads leading to Eatonton ■aid Clinton. At this house Travellers and others can be iceoinniodated with good clean beds, the best ol food, and excellent liquors, at a moderate price. WILLIAM R HILL March, 121 b, 1827. 02—H '*~~G KfIKGIA Twiggs County. WHEREAS. Joshua R. Wimberly & John G Slapply, applies to me lor Leiters ol A Imin stratum. (with the will annex!) on the E-iate of Ezekiel Wimberly, late of said coun ty, dec’<l. These are therefore to cite ami admonish -‘all and singular, the kindred and creditors of eaid decased, to be and appear at my’ office Within the time prescribed by Law, to shew cause if any they can, why said letters should not be granted: Given under my hand, this Ith day of April 1827. P. SOLOMON, c. c. o. April 1827-~ 6wG7 _ _ ‘ TIMESONG. O’er the level plain, ivhc.re mountains Greet me as 1 go, O’er the desert waste, where fountains At my bidding flow — •On the boundless beam by day, On the cloud by night, J nm rushing hence away? Who will chain my flight; • War his weary watch was keeping, 1 have crushed his spear; Grief within her bower was weeping;. I have dried her tear; Pleasure caught a minute’s hold — Then I hurried by, Xeaving all her banquit could, And her goblet dry. Power had won a throne of glory:- Where is now my fame? Genius said, —“1 live in stioy;” Who hath heard his name ? Love, beneath a myrlile bough. Whispered,—“Why so tabt?’ And the roses on his brow Whcther’d as 1 past. I have heard the heifet lowing O’er the wild wave’s bed: j have seen the billow flowing Where the cattle ted; Where began tny wandrings— Memory "ill not say! Where will rest my weary wings Science turns From the Macon Telegraph. The character of a public man belongs to his constituents. By the acceptance of a pub lic station, he tacitly consents to surrend r bis private and individual interest, to the public ntvl general good And when this public turn - tionary perverts the legitimate < bject of bis appointment —when he betrays the interest ot his constituents, and wrests the constitution to the promotion ot his own selfish and individu al projects of aggrandisement —when he be trays the confidence reposed in him by the public, and makes the good ot the whole sub servent to the interests of an unprincipled faction —it becomes the imperious duty ot ev ery lover of his country and of his country’s institutions to hold up to public scorn and in dignation the man that has thus betrayed the interests committed to his keeping In every nation and in every age, there are found men of weak discontented m uds, of ve hement passions, and of disappointed or per verted ambition. The minds of such men are restless ami revengeful—ever on the watch to grat fy their malignity or their ambition The minds of such men arc restless and revenge ful C ver on the watch to gratify their malig- nity or their ambition. The peace, the wel fare, or ev n the existence of the government which protects them, can have no influence in fl»straining such men from the most desperate measures to accomplish the most netanou purposes No human consideration can with "Hold them from laying waste the tmrcsl por- tion of earth and blasting the fairest prospects »f the their fellows. Civil commotion, with •Il its attendant evils, sinks into insignificance, when put in competition with their own aggran lizement, or their own individual preferment. This Mr. Editor, is the character of Mr. Forsyth.—ln every situation in which his in ordinate and childish ambition has placed him, he has made his public duties subservient to his private aims. His whole public life has been a tissue of absurdities and inconsistences. He has endeavored to place himself in an im posing posture, not by his talent-, for they are not of a superior grade, but by his noisy and frothy declamation. He has given‘ lucid proof ” to the world that he is bound by no ties but those of political preferment —and influenced by no motives but those of a factious dema gogue. He has travelled so long in the path of political infidelity, and has become so cal lous to a conscientious discharge of his duties as a public functionary—he has sunk so deep into the dark abyss of political perdition, and has so often reiterated with fearful denuncia tion the treasonous sentiments of our puissant and pugnacious governor, that he is now ripe for any thing that promises to raise him from his present degraded station, or meet his am bitious views. Witness his course for the last two years—and what a picture of daring con tradictions and absurd inconsistency s'. Who so violent in their denunciations of General Jackson ?—who so often flung upon that hero the imputation of an ignorant demagogue ? but who is now so loud in his praise ?—who now so sycophantly obsequious to the imma culate statesman of the West ? Witness his zeal for the Indian Treaty made by Campbell and Merriweather ; he pledged himself to Congress and to the Nation to support it; he pledged himself to lay down his life for it; not that he cared for a little strip of land, but for the principle it involved ’Twas a tremend ous subject ; a subject that involved every principle of state rights ; a subject that en dangered our existence as a nation ; a princi ple around which every lover of our free insti tutions ought to rally: it was the ark of our po litical salvation, which he would take into hi pure keeping ! But who first forsook this grand principle of right ? Why Sir, can you believe it ? it was that consistent and adroit practi tioner of all the virtues and all the grace-; the patriotic John Forsyth ! ! Was there any rea son for this change of sentiment ? No. Wa there no abandonment of the ‘ high hand d’ measures of the General Government? N- But perhaps he was visit 'd with some com punction oi’conscience ? Ob no—he is cal lous to that monitor. Well, was there no change in public sentiment ? Yes, there was. the tide of public opinion was setting strong a gainst his boasted principle. The mist that he and others ofh’.s “ Class” had thing around that important subject, had begun to dissipate, ami they and their “ principle” were seen in ill their deformity. And John Fofsyth, like the skilful navigator, he has ever proved him-elf, turned with the first tuning tide It is morally impossible to tell what the po litical character of Mr. F rsyth now is, as it is impossible to tell w hat it will be a year hence We have no certainty for believing that it i now, what it was when he left Washington. Il is well known that his political sentiments un derwent a radical change durirg the summer of 1820, and why may they not during the summer of 1827. indeed it is whispered a- of his knowing friends, for strange as it may seem, such a demagogue has friends and admirers too, that he has already set hi sail for *'another tack ” and that he is onh waiting for a wind to fill it and, predicati g our opinion upon his former course ot conduct, we are prepared to hear of Mr. Forsyth’s in troducing a resolution into Congress todissolv. the union ! ' No course ot conduct, however absurd, or however distruc.tive to righ. and principle would surprize those who are ac quainted with the corrupt designs or ambit ous views ot Mr. Forsvth, as exhibited by his pre cious daring absurdities and inconsistencies. Y <u may call this, Mr. Editor, declamation, or you may call these charges, assertions with out proof. But, sir, the proof is at hand, and should t be called for I w ill produce it ; and, tor your own information though I doubt not you know it well, I will refer you to the de bates in Congress, from the time Mr. Forsyth tir.-t entered that bodv down totin' present pe riod. And 1 will refer you also, to every citi zen of the state who has known Mr. Forsyth from the time he first came into public lite.— \nd. by the bye. 1 mav hereafter have some thing to sav, and to show too, of his political course during the last war, when i believe he stood side by side and walked hand in hand with the members of the Hahtforo Convex tiox. A GEORGI \N From is lies’ Register. AGRICULTURE OF THE U. STATES. (continued.) But it is to the planters and people of Ma ryland that we now directly address ourselves In 1790, we had 319,000 inhabitants, and one eleventh ot the Whole population ot the Uni ted States; in 1820 we had 407,000, and a twenty-fourth part of the whole population — in 1830 we shall not shew a thirtieth part of such population, unless because of the in crease in Baltimore and the other manufactur ing districts. Indeed, it these be left out. our population is probably decreasing. In the first congress we had 6 members out of 65 —now we have 9 out of 215—and, if ti e present whole number of members is preserv ed after the next census, we shall have but seven; and so, from the possession of one •leventh part of the power of representation we have parsed to a twenty-fourth part, aud Hse tibi erunt artes, pacisque imponere morem, parcere subjectis et debellare superbos.— Virgil. Milledgeville, Monday, May 28, 1827. are just passing into a thirtieth. [The same operation has taken place and will act upon our neighbor Virginia; though her western grain-growing and grazing and manufacturing district is doing much, indeed, to keep up her standing, and would have a mighty effect, if less restricted opinions prevailed, and a real representative government were allowed ] Truth thus speaks to us “irumpet-tongued”- vet we seem neither to hear or heed it ; and what has been our chief commodity for ex port, and furnished .he chief means of pur chasing foreign goods, (which we have so much preferred, and which the people still blindly wish to see introduced,) is about to fail us altogether ! Ohio has already materially in terfered with our tobacco, and, raised by free labor, can afford to transport it 300 miles by land, and yet undersell our planters in Balti more, their own local and natural market ! See the article from the “American Farmer,” which is annexed. Tlfe fact is that most of our in telligent planters regard the cultivation of to bacco in Maryland as no longei profitable and would almost universally abandon it, if they knew what to do with their slaves, for many reject the idea of selling them ; others, howev er. are less scrupulous, and the consequence is. that great numbers of this unfortunate class are exported to other states, the cost of their subsistence bemg nearly or about equal to the whole value of their production in this. But Maryland is abundant in re-ources, if casting away her prejudice, “ the old man and his deeds,” she will profit by her advantages. We have good lands and much water power on the western shore.* The last is considerably im proved in Cecil, Baltimore, Frederick and Washington counties, and manufacturing es tablishments arc pretty num* rous and respect able ; in all these the population is increasing; the farmers have large barns and well filled granaries, and with markets at their doors, as it were, for the chief part of their surplus pro ducts, including butter, eggs, vegetables —the hundred little things which the gond farmer and prudent housewife collects and saves, and ■I) many cases they, alone, because of th.' mar ket for them, sell for more mon y in a year, than the whole surplus crops of wheat and corn raised on plantations cultivated by eight or ten laves, for they themselves eat much, waste more, and work little. The whole crop ol Maryland tobacco may have an average annu il value of $1,500,000 —ami this is below the .dear product of labour employed, in the facto ries of Baltimore alone ! Wo do not include the mid vment of mechanics, properly so called; .nd thus, aided by some foreign commerce and navigation, and a large home trade, we have, in this-mall spot, collected and subsi-ted more than . ne sixth part ofthe gross population, or about a fifth ofthe whole people of the state; and created a market for the products ofthe farmers, daily extending in the quantity requir ed ami prices given ami to go on as our manu factur ng establishments prosper and person are gathered together to consume the products of the earth But to the success of these, and the consequent well-being ot our farmers, a liberal encouragement of them, and a manly -upport of’internal improvements, must be af forded. Whoever stands, opposed to them, is opposed to the best interests of Maryland— for increased attention to both i- the only me nsthat we have to prevent ourselves from -.inking vet lower in the s ale of the states. — Maryland, without any sort of inter ‘rence with any other pursuits, might subsist two millions >r more, of sheep, ami the product ol these would compensate any loss to be caused by c.-asing to cultivate tobacco ; and besides, ami what is more important, most important, in leed. it would prevent the actual or compara tive decrease of our people, keep the free la bouring cla-ses at the houses of their fathers, and mightih advance the price of lands, . nd old to the g» uer.il wealth of the state. Reai property, of every description, except in the districts spoken of, has exceedingly declined in value and, indeed, in some parts of the -tate, is seemingly “without price.” If slave labour ever was profitable with us, it no long-, er is so—it does not yield more than 3 or 4 per cent for the capital per capita employed, if even that- —this is clearly proved by the ex port of slaves to the mo'e southern states ; a cruel practice, and which we hope may be ar rested by the introduction of new artic! -s ot agriculture, such as th** breeding of sheep, ami the cultivation of flax and cotton, and the -ear ing ofthe silk worm. These would afford em ployment to many thousands, and employjnent begets employment, and money begets money, for prosperity begets prosperity. But let us further, and for a moment, regard Baltimore as a market for the farmers of Ma nkind—for we wi-h the home market clear ly understood ; most persons know no more of i(s real value than they do of what is hap pening in the interior of the earth—and it is the interest of others to prevent enquiry or mystify tacts. We are about 70,000. Allow to each person vegetable food equal only to a peck of corn per week*” and we shall ap pear to consume 910.000 bushels of grain ; if we add what is required for the support of horses used for draft, &lc. the whole may be moderately estimated as equal to one million of bushels ot wheat, per annum. Then sup* pose we admit that each person wastes or con sumes half a pound of animal food per day, as we think that they do and more, and we shall have 25 millions of pounds a year We also. * We have also many valuable mines and minerals, which, though rapidly coming into use, are yet only partially worked Large quantities of iron ore are carried from the neighborhood f Baltimore to the New-England states, there manufactured and probably bro’t back again and sold here to pnrehase or pay tor more ore, annually requre for our families, work shops and factories, more,than 100,000 cords of wood. Let us see what these three articles, these three only, will amount to— -1.000,000 bushels grain at 1 doll. 1,000,000 25,000,000 lbs. of animal food at 4 c. 1,000,000 100,000 cords «f wood, at $2 25 225,000 2,225,000 And, at these moderate estimates, it appears that the Baltimore market, because ofthe bread stuffs, animal food and fuel consumed therein, annually amount to more than two millions and a quarter of of dollars ; or one fourth ofthe whole value of all the bread stuff and meats exported from all the United States. Previous to entering upon a more general and particular examination of our gr at staple for export, cotton, we shaft notice one product of agriculture which has a most extraordinary character and operation, indeed —not on ex ports but on consumption ; we mean sugar. We see it lately stated in the papers that col. Dummett, of Florida, has made thirty hhds. of sugar from cane raised on thirty five acres of land—say, only 30,000 lbs. The du ty, or tax upon which, if imported, would be $900; and this a Pennsylvania farmer would, of itself, esteem a neat little profit on the cul tivation of a whole farm, for a year. But such are not so favored by soil and climate, and the bounty ofthe general government. The sugar crop of Louisiana is about 40 000 hhds. (less than 10,000 in 1810,) or say 44,000,000 lbs. the duty on which, if import ed, in exchange for bread-stuffs, &c. would be one million three hundred ic twenty thousand dollars, and this probably divided between less than two hundred persons —or, it we al low it to benefit all the people of Louisiana, is more than sixteen dollars per head, tor eve ry man, woman, and child, ot the state as a ‘ bounty." Now, a tax equal to this on all the people ofthe United States, would produce a revenue of nearly one hundred and sixty mill ions of dollars a year ! Verily, verily, this is “ taxing the many for the benefit ot th tew”—ami vet wonderful to be told, Louisiana is opposed to the tariff and protection of oth ether branches of domestic industry, as called for hy the farmers and others, vnio make up nearly three fourths of the whole people oi the Unit <1 States. But this is not all. Sugar has become almost a necessary of life—it certainly is one of its comforts, desired and used by the rich and the poor. The whole amount consumed in the United States may be about 120,000,000 lbs. say 76 imported and 14 of domestic production. The duty on the former is three cents per lb. and amount-i to 2,280,000 dollars, on what costs about five millions mthc foreign islands ant’ places where in it is obtained , s<’ that the tax is very near ly fifty per cent.-tid vn/orc/n, which is actually collected on two thirds ofthe whole quantity used, to the bene it ot' those of our country men who produce the other third. And yet Louisisiana declaims against “monopolies” and the tariff which supplies h< r with such cotton goods for I'2 1-2 cents per yard as late ly cost tier 20 or 25 cents per yard ! The <luty on sugar is too high, and it would have been reduced but tor the encouragement ofthe agriculture of Louisiana —ami that which is ibi her peculiar and selfish advantage, it the t rm mav be allowed while it deprives the treasury of 1,3204 '0 dollars a year, taxes tiie people m the sum ol 1.1 10 000 dollars annual ly, more than they w uld pay, iftheduty was reduced only to two cents per lb. which would -till be a high one A- it is, the poor black wood-sawyer, purclmsingonly two pounds per week for iiis family, pays a tax ot tnrec dol lars and ten cents a year on this solitary arti cle It is the most onerous tax that we have, md bears particularly hard on the labouring classes, especially the farmers, mechanics and manufacturers. \\ c ourselves use as much ot it, in proportion to our family, as the richest persons among us, in the ordinary way * 1 is true, we might dispense with it —the tax paid is “ voluntary,” in the impudent cant ol purse-proud dealers in foreign merchandize, who are dailv using our monev, obtained thro credits at the custom house tor the support ol their trade! So, as the Indi ms dispense with the use of shirts, might we—and it is “volun tarv”to prefer the snugand comfortable clothe-, that we wear, to the sheep-kin dresses ot the Hottentots—it is “voluntary” even that we live and pay taxes at all, fur we might escap them by suicide ! B it the freeman who labors indu-triouslv and attends to business faithful ly has a right to be enabled to use sugar wear -hirts, have decent clothing and enjoy life, th.' gift ofthe common Creator ot us all; aye, and such will defend that right: and, what is worth a whole volume of speculations, they have the means of doing itthe tune being fitted lor it, we will confidently m ike it known to the planters and shipowners, that it theta rift bill of 1824 had not passed, the tax upon in porteil sugar would have been reduced to two cents per lb. and tuat any deficiency in the revenue which might have arisen from that proceeding, (though we believe that it might have increased the revenue by in creasing the consumption of sugar,) would have been more than compensated for by withdrawing the fleets of rnen-of-war that are kept abroad for the protection of property in ships and their cargoes These things would not have taken place wholly on the retaliato- * The family of the writer of this consisting of nine persons, consumes not less than 450 lbs. -a year- The tax that he pay s then on sugar is thirteen dollars and an half a year. t It is a notorious fact, that every profitable manufac turing establishment increases the consumption of for eign luxuries or comforts. A manufacturing village of 3 or 400 people, consumes more coffee, tea, sugar, silks, &c. han five time as many persons of the same c!':ss, cm ployed in agriculture. [Vol. 11. No. 21.— Whole No. 73. ry principles, though the very worm that ig trodden upon is allcwed to turn, but becau-o of the special rightfulness of them, circum stanced as the grain-growing and manufactur ing interests were. If refused the means of paving taxes,f it was their bounden duty to reduce the amount of taxes demanded. Th r® is a quid pro quo which operdtbs in every con dition of life ; and as the saying is, every pru dent man will “cut his coat according to r is cloth.” Look at it’—here was Louisiana re ceiving a “hot bed protection” of 1,320.000 dollars a year, in a bounty paid by the people on her sugar, and there were the ship ownerg defended at the cannon’s mouth, at the cost to the people of a much larger sum—the whole trade to the Mediterranean, for example, not taking off so much of gross value in our pro ducts as the costs of the fleets amount to— and vet both these w re against the tariff bill of 1824, intended for the encouragement of our farmers and manufacturers, and supported by their representatives in congress, as the votes will yet shew! We would not either ‘ razee” the duty on sugar, or “tomahawk” the navy—but those who “live should let live.” No state in the union profits like L >u isiana by the tariff —the price of her cottoa is assisted hy it, as we shall shew when we speak about that article, though she is supplied with cotton goods at from 40 to 50 per cent, cheap er than be ore the act of 1824 was passed; but the direct and actual protection or bounty which she receives, is qual to sixteea dollars per head for every one of her people; and were all the people of the United St t-’S protected, the amount of protection would bo in the sum of one hundred and sixty millions <>f dollars a year! as before -dated, and repeat d that it may not be forgotten. Noone can dis pute this. And further, is a“ monopoly” be cause of climate in the south, less odious than a “ monopoly” because of climate in the north, or the west, or the east? What i* the sugar planter better than die wool grower? Is it not quite as nescessary to have clothes to shield us from the cold of our winters, as sugar to sweeten our coffee? But we desire both, and only ask, while the production of the last is protected, that the growth and manufactu of wool for the other may be encouraged; and Louisiana, who receives so liberally, should instruct her senators and representatives to giv a little. It is by mutual conce°cions and accommodations that the peace of famili s and societies is maintained; but there is a dis position wisely implanted in the human mind, to require such conces=ions and accommoda tions, between persons possessing equal rights, and it operates in great things as the writer oftl.is really put it into practice ahou; two years ago in a smaller affair: in returning fr. m my dinner, I was accu-tomeded almost .-very day, to meet a dandy Englishman ju-t i noort* ed, (or eloped, as the case might !»•■,) who majestically strutted along the middle of the pavement. 1 gave way and went uuthink- g ly to the right or the left, for a con.id' ca ble time ; but, at last, was satisfied that he demanded this homage to his puppyishisrn.— The next time when we were about to pass, I kept the middle of the pavement—he c ime on rapidly as usual with his head up and eves raised, and wholly unpn-par* d to receive my elbow, which he run afoul of, (having turned myself half-round to acco.nmodaie trun with it,) and he near! 1 ’ fell down in conseqn nee be ng a light er man than myself He look d wildly at me, I looked calmlv at him, nut not i word was sai<i —we passed, and ever after that fie concerted a part of the pavement to me, as I had been quite willing to yield a part of it to him or anv other j )ci*m, th ougii black ind a slave. This familiar case, will si rve is well as the most • laborate one that could ho >tated, to shew the principle on which society is sustained We shall now present some facts and opin ions baring upon the present great staple of country ; whatever belong- to it is highly im portant to every auction of our country and all description ot persons And on this occasion, it may be proper to express out serious belief, that, if the doctrines which we have «-upport ed for -o ijiaoy years, have been beneficial to any one class of the people more than another, that class is the cultivators of cotton. It is with much satisfaction, we observe that many of the planters begin to discover this, and that a radical change of opinion may be speedily hoped for A little while ago, ot three or tour years since, the people of the astern staLps devoted to commerce and .navigation, were as much opposed to tie* tariff for the n couragement and protection of domestic man ufactures, as those of the suthern states now are. It has been demonstrated, that success in manufactures has increased the commerce and navigation of the east, and was, also, ad din" powerfully io the wealth and population of these states. But with how much more reason may it be expected that they will assist* the southern states, seeing that they evenm-v. consume one fourth of the whole crop of cot ton raised in them ! We have been lately honored with many letters containing sentiments similar to those in the extract we are about to intro duce, which is from one of the most highly honored gentlemen of the south, and winch came to hand since this article was in prepara tion for the pre-s. He says— “ There is a perfect coincidence of opinion between us on the subject of protecting home manufactures. But as the times are for the cotton planters, (of whom I am one in a small wav,) they would be much worse but for the demand of our manufactories for the hew ar ticle. I should like to see mure eflectual pro tection extended to the growth and manu’ac ture of wool. These and suchlike measures wi I in time make ns iud -pendent. ” Tbe preceding is a literal extract, and tir