Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

Georgia HI Statesmaia. TEKMSf _*3 PE* ANNUM, IN ADV ANCE,] BUKRITT & MEACHAM, Editors.] THE ■/"HffiM2A fiffAVSKSEAST* IS PCBLISHED EVERT MONDAY IN MILLED SEVILLE 6A. On Wayne-Strwt, opposite the Eagle Hotel. BY S. MEACHAM. ICP 7Vrnw....Three Dollars in advance, or Four Dollar 3 if not paid in six months.—No subscription re- O ivtd for It'S than one r ear, unless the money is paid in advadee, dno paper discontinued till all arrearages or. rubscriplion and advertisements arc paid. U. b. Notice of tlie sales of land and negroes, by Ad ministrators, Executors, or Guardians, must be published srrtu *&avs previous to the day of sulc. The sale of personal projierty in like manner must he published forty days previous to the day of sale. Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell land, must he published nine months. Notice that application has been made for Letters of Administration, must also be published forty days. *** All letters directed to the Editors on cosiness re tting to the Office, must be post paid. __ AGRICUIaTUE. From Niles’ Register. AGRICULTURE OF THE U. STATES. (concluded.) We*shall now hustou to bring this essay to a conclusion. The cultivation of cotton is not now at all a profitable business- —the capital vested is large, at’d the product in money comparatively small. A Huntsville paper of the 26th January says '•‘the planters of north Alabama will readily a gree that the present price of cotton will not defray the expense of cultivation, rent free.” Another paper of the same place, of the 19th, epoaking of the prospects of the cotton planter, says— *• These are gloomy beyond all former ex ample, and the price is depressed below the wshes or expectations of our worst enemies* No sensible man would have ventured, live years ago, to predict, that upland cotton of fair quality, would ever fall below six cents per pound ; but this sad reverse we have witness ed and felt to our astonishment and mortifica tion. It is well under.-iood, in cotton growing countries that the article cannot be grown ■uad yield a reasonable interest on the capital employed, at less than.eigjjt cents per pound, and that the actual disburements, independ ent of the interest on the capital employed, nearly equal the present price of cotton.”! Then follow some excellent remarks on the -fluctuations in the price of cotton, and the ex cess of quantity raised, which, if much more augmented, it is stated, will cause plantations and slaves to be a tax on proprietors, for that > the proceeds will not defray the disture inenttf,” &.c. all which is very probable or very -Due. & we exceedingly regrcUit; -but -‘bad as Tud busjuess of growing of cotton may beat the present timo, it \4ould be much worse” except for the homo manufacture of it—it "ould not yield so much by one cent per lb. though we have only supposed half a cent in the preceding speculations ’on this point of our Subject. We feel confident of this, and #u tlie difference to the cotton growers would ■amount to $2,500,006 in the year! Examine ’it—it is so. The horns market too, is extend ing A steam boat arrived at Pittsburg, a few days since from Nashville, laden with six hundred and thirteen bale ! The homo con sumption is about 175,000 bales—oronefouitli of the whole product. The whole amount of (L'mestic cottons sold in Philadelphia, in the years 1801. ’sic,’G were valufcdatonly $517,070: those sold the last year were worth four mill ions. We as sincerely sympathise with our brethren the cotton growers, as w ith Ihe grain growers and wool growers. Whatever de presses .either, injures the whole Country.— "here is no incompatibility in the prosperity of ■all these interests and of the mauufacturng and commercial, lor all operate to a common ob ject. Put I repeat it—except the sugar plan ting interest, there is r;o other interest in the country more benefitted by the tariff than the cotton planting. The duty is three cents ]>er if. which several limes has, and in future will be, a protection, notwithstanding the export of that article, because of the very inferior quah that might be imported and intertere with those grown by us. And to terminate tins JUll g essay, with observing, that the time -is *W ho are those "enemies]” They who predicted the present state of things, and 'r.trntd the planters against it?—who exhorted at home, to prevent so great a S'ut of the market abroad,] Ed. Rico. t The leading agriculturalists of South Car ina are awake to the imporfanco and ncccssi* ll °f adopting some new culture in that state. different agricuituial society have formed " and L'ni» c j Agricultural Society for the state, composed of delegates from the local societies. R a recent tfieeting, the following resolutions K ere adopted.' “Resolved —That it be recommended to ev efy niember of this society, to use the best ef *®rts in promoting, in l is respective district, culture of some staple, suited to our cli- and which may divert the attention of P'Hnters from the culture of cotton, now pro* * duced m excess. Rcst/lvml —That a premium of forty dollars ( arded to any experimentalist who shall ~ ilJ, -ceed in introducing such new culture, on a P S °r ground not less than ono acre.” , , s * Solution is evidently intended to b r 7 v Ura ° C e *P cr ‘ lueul * "ith tho vine and rnul ,, It s stated, that superior specimens oifdo* ■c wines nnd of homespun ozuaburus, were Rented to the society. # ... he planters of Alabama should follow this "Pte. for sure], in no part of Che union is >y cb % drug jn in tia> staVg* close at hand when the cotton planters of the United States will be no less the open and a vowed friends of the “American system” than are the manfactures of cotton, of wool, or iron; and expressing a hope, that the three hund red subscribers in the south which we lost, within a few? years past, because of our perse verance in respect to that system (though our list is still respectable and now on the increase in that part of our country ) will produce the gain of six hundred, because of the good that vve honestly endeavor to do, and sincerely be lieved that we were doing, to our fellow citi zens of th3 south ; to whom, as well as all o thers, we wish peace and prosperity—and shall always esteem ourselves happy, indeed, if, while suffering what at a certain period ap-' peared, like a persecution, we can benefit those who have persecuted us, even in the least degree, through our humble exertions in behalf of domestic industry, as the chiel agent to render these United States really independ ent of the old world, and to kit them togeth er in the bonds of a common interest and feel ing, for the accomplishment of great national purposes, and the advancement of individual enjoyment; pers nal security, and the—“gene ral welfare!” KOTE TOBACCO. [lt will he observed that this article was written he'ore our rail-road project was on foot. The books were opened on Tuesday last, and, though not to be closed for ten days, and subsriplions were received at oth r pla ces. the amount of shares .taken, (and by those who will pay for them, and generally keep them,) slready much exceeds the number allowed in the charter. Ed Rf.o. In a late number of the “American Farmer,” the intelligent editor, speaking of tobacc.o, says— “ Little or none of the article, the growth of 1826, has yet come to this market, except from Ohio. From that state several crops -have been inspected, and sold for high prices One lot of six hogsheads sold yesterday for from 12 to 13 dollars round, and the whole crop of the same planter, eighteen hogsheads in num ber, has past inspection in the finest order, and has averaged nearly, if not quite, 14 dollars per hundred. The perfection to winch the Ohio planters have already attuinodf m what has been deemed difficult in the culture, and yet more in the process tit preparing for mar ket, is*a remarkable proof of the superiority to be expected in every case where the actual protlurfe is under the'constant influence of self interest and the prospect of immediate per sonal profit That influence, united with the fertility of the soil, and the extraordinary adap tion of their new lands to tobacco of the finest quality, is a competition to which hie planter of the seaboard, slave labour dis trict, will have to yie|d, notwithstandintg his greater facilities of transportation to markets; mid if this great traqsrnontahe rivalry beat this time so formidable, how much-more irresisti ble when, by means of the Ohio and Chesa peake canal, the only advantage in favour of the sjave holding planter, shall liaveireen re moved, and uponhbw many more articles will that rivalry bear! The Ohio planters who visit our market, avow that whilst they can get*four dollars per hundred on their farms, or what is the same thing, clear of expense in this mar ket, they will, regard it as a profitable object for the employment of their labor and capital. The particular crops of which we have spoken were transported from more than fifty miles beyond Wheeling, for $1 75 per cwt. and it may probably bo assumed that the average cost of transportation from the state of Ohio i.ot now piore than §2 50, or 4525 for 1000 lbs. When the canal shall have been finished, the cost,according to the anticipations of its friends, will not exceed five, perhaps three dollars per hogshead May it not, then, be predicted, that Ohio tobacco, of the liuest quality, will he brought here and sold for 1 ss than we can make Maryland of the worst? And what npist be tlie effect of this upon the price of Mary land lands? This side of the picture wears tru ly a gloomy aspect in the eyes of Maryland planters: but are not countervailing advantages in store for them? And, were there not, do they not find in their public spirit, and their devotion to the general good, and unfailing salvo for any personal sacrifice? It is known, in proof oftheir patriotism, that the planters of Prince George’s have disputed for nothing but the honor of who should be the first to break ground m this great national work. Emigration —By the special report of the committee of the House ol Commons on emi gration, the conymttee have recommended 1500.000 to be given, in order to facilitate the emigration of twelve hundred families to North America from the distressed districts of Lan cashire, Yorkshire, Renfrew, and Lanark. • [.Y y. Enquirer. Sundau Schools. —The anniversary of the several-Sunday School Societies, was celebra ted y sterday.' The scholars, flanked with their teachers and monitors, and carrying the banners of each school, filed off from the dif ferent squares and streets into the Park, from whence they proceeded to Castle Garden, where nearly 5000 assembled ; the children, male and female, all well dressed, with health and contentment in their appearance Pray ers, singing, and other exercises, terminated the ceremonies of these exemplary and excel lent institutions.—JY. Y. Enq. May 0. Mummies. —We have had sev- ral Egyptian Mummies in this country, and they uppenr to be objects of less curiosity, than their antiqui ty & other interesting chronology, would seem to require. A Mummy was opened lately at i'dlij), twvnty-livq binding* of ban* He tibqerunt ortes, pacisqueimponere morem, veert subject Uct ilcbellare superbos.— Vii.gil. Millf.dgeville, Monday, June 4, 1827. dages of cloth ; it was in perfect preservation. The finger nails were extremely long; the hair was perfect, hnd retained its auburn hue ; the eyes were formed of enamel. The latter circumstance had never before been met with, except once Two manusefipts on papyrus were found*-one rolled round the beat! and the dther round the chest. Their perfect* state enabled M. Champollion, jun. who was, present, to read them and make some curious observations to the company The body is that ofTete Muthis, daughter of the keeper ofthe small Temple of Isis, at Thebes A necklace, composed of entwined serpents, a cross with a handle (which, among the Egyp tians, was the sign of divine life) and other emblems, in serpentine-stone, placed on die chest, was surrounded with the layers of the embalming substances, of such hardness that it took more than a quarter of an hour to de tach them, although boiling water was employ el. This mummy is supposed to be 3,000 years old. This is the first instance within our recol lection, that the name and condition of the inummy were ascertained, and. hence it ac quires double interest.— lb.l’t: POPULATION OF FRANCE. The average population of France, during •iie six years from 1817 to 1823, has been computed at 30,319,444 souls. The average ol the anDual marriages, births, deaths, and increase of population, during the same period appears to be as follows: , Marriages - -- -- -- - 210,917 Total births - - - - - 957,856 Male births ------- 424,227 Female births - ------ 463,649 Legitimate births ------ 65,199 Illegitimate births ------- 892,677 Total deaths ------- 764,848 Male deaths - 386,453 Female deaths - - - - - 378,395 Increase of population .... - 85,255 UNITED STATES TREASURY. Statement of the amount actually paid into the treasury, arising from imports and tonage, during the years 1815 to 1826, inclusive, viz : In 1815 - - $-7,282,942 22 1816 - 36,306874 88 1817 - . 1818 - . - 17,176,335 00 1819 - - 20,283,608 76 1820 * - 15,005,612 15 1821 - - 13,904,447 15 1822 - . 17,589,761 94 1823 - - 19,088.433 44 1 1824 - - 17,878,325 71 1825 r - 20,098,7*3 45 1826 s' - - 23,325,475 33 # OLD TIMES. At the battle of Yorktown, whilst the aids of the American chief were issuing his orders along the line, a man was discovered a short distance ftom it, who presented rather a gro tesque appearance, being dressed in the course common cloth worn at the time by the lowtr orders in the hack country, with an ottcr-cap, the shape of which very much resamhh'/l.the steeple of a mccting-ho’use, and a broad leath er apron. His equipments consisted df a small woodchuck’s skin, sewed together in the form of a bag, and partly filled with buck shot, an ox horn filled w ith powder, and an old rus ty gun, which measured about seven feet, eight inches, from the muzzle to tho end of the breech, and which had probably lain in the smoke ever since the landing of tho pilgrims. One of the aids passing him in the course x o< his rounds, inquired of him to what regiment he belonged. “ I belong to no regiment,” said (be fellow, after he had fired his “ long carabine.” A few’ moments after, the officer rode by again ; hut seeing the fellow very busy, and sweating with exertion, he once more inquired to what regiment he belonged. “ To no regiment,” was the answer, the spea ker at the same time levelled his piece at a red coat” who was.prepnring to tire, lout who dropped dead before he had half raised his gun. “To what company do you belong”— to no company—“ to wbat battalion do you be long?”—to no battalion—“then where the devil do you belong, or who are you fighting for?” “Dang ycV’ said the fellow, “ I don’t belong any where, lam fighting on my oxn hook 1" 90 TO MAKE EXCELLENT BREAD WITrfOCT YEAST. Scald about a double handful of Indian meal, into which put a little salt, and as much cold water as will make it rather warmer than (lew milk; then stir in wheat flour, till it is as tMickas a family pudding, and set it down by the tire to rise. In about half an hour, it gen erally grows thin; you may sprinkle a little fresh floor on the top, and mind to turn the pot round, that it may not bake to the side of it. In throe or four hours, if you mind the above directions, it will rise and ferment as if you had set it with top yeast: when it- does, make it up in a soft dough—flour a pan, put in your bread, set it before the fire, covered up, turn it round to make it equally warm, and in about half an hour it will be light enough to bake. It suits best to hake at home in a Dutch oven, as it should bo put into the ov en as soon as it is light. [Ames lean Farmer. Mln raised by m£rit< — Dr. Franklin, who front a Journeyman Frinter, became ono of the greatest men in the civilized world; and whose life, written by himself, i« a beautiful illustra tion of what may he effected by industry m.d application. ll’alt, the improver of the Steam Engine, and thereby tho donor of one of the greatest gif.s ever bestowed ou the humuri rqi.n by Y,?.s a mol* maker, in a very humble sphere. His labours have benefited mankind to the extent of thou sands ot millions, or.d his own family, bv up wards of one million sterling.* Sir Richard Arkvright, the great improver of the Cotton Ajm, was a common Barber. The great Dr fjulton was a Coat Porter. ITuddart, an emi nent mathematician and machinist, and known from its improvements in the manufacture of cordage, was a Shoe Maker. BruuUey, a man brought forward by the Duke of Bridgwater, irom the humble conditioo of a common lailio rer, unable to read or write, bSariie tho great est Civil Engineer of his day, for the construc tion of Canals. Bramah, was a common Join er, and established himself as a machinist in London, where lie beefime celebrated for his various inventions, among which his Hydrosta tic Press, aud his Loilr H stand pre-eminent.— Leslie, who tills a professor’s chair in the Uni versity of Edinburgh, was a common Shepherd Boy Stevenson , who built the Light Hoc* on the Belirock, (which is dry ouly once or twice for a few hours in the year,) a’work of great difficulty and meri., was a Tin-plate Korker [Calcutta Pamphlet. * It is calculated that Watt’s improvement of tlie steam engine is at present an annual saving of labour 4b Great Britain of 25 millions sterling! Anil that ivith’a popula tion of 14 millions, she is equal in resources, with assis tance ofthe steam engine,toa population *£ll7 millions! This will explain the power ami the luua which Great Britain holds among the nations of Europe, being ir. re sources actually superior to all that could unite against her. {From the Southern Advocate.] CULTURE OF THE VINE. The following letter was received several weeks since, and has been delayed for want of room until the present time. Believing as we do, that the staple productions »f this state are overdone, and are unprofitable to our agricul turists, we embrace with pleasure every suit able opportunity of disseminating among our readers a knowledge of the advantages of oth er branches of agriculture. The culture of the vine has for many years claimed the atten tion of enterprising agriculturists, both in the free and slave stales, and the success which has attended every welt directed experinmnt, is ample to convince the most sceptical oMU profitableness. In many parts of this state, that culture is increasing yearly, and in this vi cinity during the late season, grape cuttings of a goad .quality have- been sought after with great tfvidity. The country is indebted to Gencral*]ohn Bratian lor tho introduction of a grape which is probably known, in the Eas tern stales and Virginia, as the Bland Madeira. It is the hardest aud most productive vine we have any knowledge of. The. fruit is tolera ble for the table and makes an excellent wine *lt is ot much darker colour than it was four years since, and that circumstunce goes to confirm the opinion, entertained by experien ced vine dressers, that all descriptions of grape will gradually assimilate to each oth<£ in fttc same soil and climate. That experiment has been fully tested in France, where, out of 1400 kinds planted in the same vim-yard, there were hut two or throe kinds distinguishable after the lapse of fifty years. Wo are inclin ed to the opinion, that native vines transplant ed and cultivated will improve in quality wad quantity of the fruit, ami will ultimately bo pre ferable to all others for w ins. These are with in the reach of every one, and ti e prospect of realizing at uo very distant period, from tw to five hundred dollars per acre, annually, is highly encouraging to the owners and cultiva tors of land, to commence the interesting cul ture. To thi Editors of the Southern Advocate. During the last summer, whilst engaged in an excursion through the country between Tuscaloosa and Huntsville, I fell in company and travelled for several miles, with an intel ligent French agriculturist, just from Fiance, by the way of New Orleans; and who, from the motive of ascertaining tho state of Ameri can agriculture, previous to his return to his native country, had determined to lake a view ofthose parts of the country, most highly cul tivated. I felt extremely anxious to sec the impres sions made on tho mind of an enlightened for eigner by our manner of cultivating the soil, and was proportionablv gratified by his obser vations, which were at onco intelligent and liberal. On passing through the country west a few miles of Tuscaloosa, he frequently, and it ap peared to me involuntarily, asked, on looking at the ioi7;'and other circumstances urounil him, ‘are there no vineyards in this sectioD of country—no sii.k made— ah / non Dieu! it is well for France.” This expression often repeated, induced my inquiry—did the country around him give any peculiar indications of soil, &c. on which san guine calculation might safely be made respect ing the vine, silk, &c.l “My friend,” said he, “looked around,” and ou doing which I beheld, what had not before so forcibly arrest ed my attention, the ■woods, literally matted with the wild grape vine. “My friend,” he continued with some animation, here is the soil, climate, and situation for the production of some of the first wines of France —the best of her silks —and the invaluable olive — man Diev, what are you citizens about? but uh, it is wellJor France." Arriving on a considqrahJe eminence of rath er gravelly soil, which is freqaent in that sec tion of country, and what might be called se cond rate laud, he remarked, “if I had my vineyard here 1 would not take two thousand dollars the nr pent (ucrcj for it—it is worth om thousand where it it." It r certain that the vl XuaPExaitL fVoL. 11. No. 22.— Whole No. 74. and Alabama,* contain every soil and climate for the production of every sptcies of vine. II is equally certain, that the climate of those states are highly favourable for the process f fermentation** b ich almost determines the <juui ity of the best wines; and it is equally as ex traordinary, that so little exertion is making iu two states to obtain or cultivate the grapes which produce those delicious and valuaoie wines which the sou’ and climate so highly fit vour the production of. In the nursery of Mr. William Pfince of Long Island. N. Y. -every grape producing the finest sitter of Europe is now to be had varretited —those producing the best wines of Madeira, for which we pay six dollars per gal- * lon—th*- grapes which produce the finest * Claret, Malaga, TokdV the delicious Cape nine, and the boast of France the sparkling Champagne and Burgundy—-as also rtic iiuir dreds of delicious table grapes, which rank amongst the luxuries ot Europe. H Those vines arc to be purchased fr®m 37J cents, to one dollar each, and fronf one root, industry might in no* length of time, produce * vineyard. From one vitte of Ahe real Cl o* grape forwarded to inc last March, I- av® v planted out iu November fifteen h&tkhy cut tings. With the common success atUMing tho cultivation ofthe vine, what will be tro in crease in tour er five years? This one vine cost 37 1-2 cents, and two or three cents freight, Sic. to jilobde. From tho same establishment, I procured the finest species of northern apples, twenty-* four kinds, including the pipins, spitzenberg* bell flow r, vanderver., the ox apple which has weighed 35 ounces. &c. with others, the sou shell almond, tho finest species of rigs, Chinese mulberry, iic. out of which I lost one apple tree and one grape vine, out of nine kinds. Tho rapidity with which the fine Chinese mulberry so highly valued for the production of silk may be multiplied by engrafting on tho common mulberry whiefc abouuds in our coun try, leaves us without excuse on that subject. Every thing invites uslo be proparqd for tho time that appears rapidly approaching as re gards the present staple of the country. Suei. is, however, thn tardiness with which we move, that the foreigner may well exclaigi “mon Dieu—what are your citizens about— bu: ak, it ft 'well for France.” ♦North and South Carolina, no doubt, arewqually weft suited to the culture of the grape pnd piulberry. Tlie British Government manifest a very laudable per severance inmttemptiog polar discoveries, andfiarliciilur ly iu seeking for a passage round the northern oxtrcn.ity of the American continent. The sjiip Hecla, commanded by CcpL Furry, has been fitted out, and crc tnis h. t sared on a voyage of* discovery to West .-pitzbergin and too North Pole. HeT burden is 400 tone, earri.s on!y two fix pounders, and a eorapkaixtof suUy four men, v,z. three Lieutenants, scvcntclh other officers, seven muri<.n--'5, ouii the rest I fine crew of seamen. “ Tiie ship is about 12 years old ; the ex pedition to Algiers in 1816, having been l>.r very first trip. She carries nineteen men tis provision*, 45 chaldrons of coal, and tier wa ter in bulk, or, more properly speaking, in tanks, instead of wutqr casks, which consti tutes a great saving in stowage ; an object of great importance in long voyages." “ Tlio greatest attention has been paid to the victualling department of tho ship. Pre served meat, beef pork, veal and mutton, be sides vegetables, are carried out in tin canis ters, besides 2000 pounds weight ofpimmic in, a concentrated essence ol meat dried by a fire of oak and elm wood, six pounds of the best beef hoing reduced into one pound, the corr trivance of a Mr Holmes, a surgeon, and late a resident of Hudson's Bay. Samples of this quintessence of animal lood iresliown on board, having the appcaraucc, and somewhat the fla vor of German sausages, with that difference however that the oxpeneftof it is said to tie 17s. per pound. This is mtended to he used in the boats after leaving the ship at Spitzbor gen, as well as the biscuit powder.” *The strength of rum is rectified to 55 per Cvnt above proof” “ The ship herself is secured by strong iron knees both fore & aft. She is l?he J all over with withacoatiugofcork.in layersof3 inches thick to protect the men against cold and damp Iron flues, of a senn-cylindrical shape, convey heat ed air to all parts’of the ship, from a stove ba low the lower deck as well as from the c“a-* boose between decks, subject to the regula tion of a thermometer. From 60 to 70 dead q lights, in various parts of the deck, convey light not only to all the officers and warrant officers’cabins but to the crew. They are so arranged that they may be taken out, aud ven tilators screwed in their places to air the ship. The boards of the upper deck are not laid lon gitudinally as usual, but diagonally, for the sake of the greater strength. A patent cap stan, by Phillips, in perpendicular pomtu-D, with three aultiplying wheels, is placed be tween the main and unzen m ist, besides a hor izontal one aft of tho forecast; the former being of anew construction. In comforts for tho crew, the liccla far exceeds any ship of her size, the sleeping places, tables, kc. being / arranged with great judiciousness. Every two men have • large box like an armed chest as signed to them, duly numb< ;ed‘ which serves for a seat The tables are covered with green baize. Light, airiness, elegance and salubrity, characterize every pa:t between decks. Two arm-cherts, four pumps, Ibfec cempasso-, one <A *he in on an elevated stand, and live boats, are upo** deck, aud thre-u ice boats have ar rived from Woolwich, but are for the present deposited in the King's yard. Round tho maiumast a an assemblage of boarding pikea h, tel. bwt. Vi. q idiiLmajiaaiM- W